Networking type energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a network construction type energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method, and relates to the technical field of power system energy storage, and the device comprises the following components: a network construction type energy storage unit cluster which is composed of at least two units including a network construction capability energy storage converter and an energy storage body, and comprises at least two of a lithium battery, a liquid flow and a flywheel, each unit is provided with an independent acquisition unit, can realize electric energy storage and bidirectional conversion, and participates in power grid voltage frequency support; through a three-level progressive architecture and closed-loop control logic, in combination with an adaptive weight adjustment and parameter self-tuning strategy, characteristic differences of multiple types of energy storage units are fully considered, power grid requirements are dynamically matched, and the problems that traditional centralized control depends on high-speed communication, faults are prone to being out of control, and the power grid performance is poor are solved. The problems of multi-unit control conflict and response lag caused by fixed control parameters are solved, and the transient stability of the power grid facing renewable energy output fluctuation is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of power system energy storage, in particular to a network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the accelerated promotion of global energy transformation, the proportion of renewable energy in the power system continues to rise. However, the inherent output fluctuation and intermittency characteristics of renewable energy bring great challenges to the stable operation of the power system. The power grid needs to have sufficient flexibility and regulation capacity to cope with the large fluctuations in renewable energy output, maintain the stability of voltage and frequency, and ensure the reliability and quality of power supply. In this context, network-constructed energy storage systems can simulate the operating characteristics of synchronous generators and provide inertia support and suppress power fluctuations due to their unique voltage and frequency support capabilities, becoming an important technical solution to solve the problem of renewable energy grid connection.

[0003] Currently, network-constructed energy storage systems still face many problems in multi-unit collaborative control. The traditional centralized control architecture is highly dependent on high-speed communication networks. Once the communication link fails, the system is prone to lose control, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Moreover, the existing control logic does not fully consider the differences in state of charge of energy storage units, leading to unevenness in the charging and discharging process of energy storage units, reducing the overall service life and operating efficiency of the energy storage system. In addition, multiple types of energy storage units (such as lithium batteries, flow batteries, and flywheel energy storage units) have significant differences in characteristics. Using fixed control parameters cannot adapt to the characteristics of different units, easily causing control conflicts and response lag problems, and cannot achieve precise collaborative control of multiple units. At the same time, the offline tuning method of proportional-integral (PI) parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time state of the system, making it difficult to meet the complex and changing operating conditions of the power grid. In terms of operating mode switching, there is a lack of smooth switching mechanism, and during the mode switching process, it is easy to produce impact current, causing damage to power grid equipment and affecting the stability and reliability of the system. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a grid-based energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method. It can calculate grid deviations based on multi-source data through a central optimization carrier, determine the regional total power reference value and system dynamic parameter requirements; the regional coordination carrier, combined with unit status and weight results, allocates power reference values ​​for individual energy storage units; the local processing carrier updates PI parameters and drives the energy storage converter to adjust its output, while monitoring the grid status in real time. Simultaneously, through a status feedback correction mechanism, it compares the actual and reference power deviations, predicts power change trends, and corrects control parameters to ensure continuous optimization of control performance. Furthermore, this invention can identify grid operating modes, execute master-slave control switching and shockless grid-connected regulation, ensuring stable system operation under different operating conditions. Through deep hardware and software coupling, it achieves dynamic coordinated control of multiple types of energy storage units, significantly improving the transient stability of the grid and providing strong support for the safe and reliable operation of the power system.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In one aspect, a grid-type energy storage dynamic coordination control device, the device comprising the following components:

[0006] Grid-type energy storage unit cluster: It consists of at least two units with grid-type energy storage converters and energy storage bodies, including at least two of lithium batteries, flow batteries and flywheels. Each unit is equipped with an independent acquisition unit, which can realize energy storage and bidirectional conversion and participate in grid voltage and frequency support.

[0007] Local processing carrier: Built-in voltage and frequency coordination and regulation logic, fault detection logic, energy storage unit characteristic monitoring program and proportional-integral parameter self-tuning execution unit, which can collect unit parameters, execute voltage and frequency regulation and parameter commands, and start independent operation mode when communication is interrupted;

[0008] Regional coordination carrier: Configured according to microgrid feeder zones, with an industrial-grade programmable logic controller as the core, and built-in dynamic power allocation module, state consistency adjustment module and weight pre-allocation module; used to process uploaded data, allocate virtual inertia / damping coefficient weights and power, and can automatically switch to autonomous mode when communication with the central system is interrupted.

[0009] Central optimization carrier: Communicates with regional coordination carriers and accesses information from multiple systems. Based on an industrial control computer, it has a built-in global optimization target calculation unit, mode switching decision unit, and adaptive weight adjustment model unit. It calculates control targets based on grid and energy storage unit parameters, adjusts weight ratios, and outputs proportional-integral parameter tuning instructions. The priority of optimization targets can be adjusted through configurable weight coefficients.

[0010] Communication transmission carrier: adopt optical fiber and wireless double link architecture, optical fiber link undertakes daily large data transmission, wireless as backup link can complete switching when failure; realize data interaction between each carrier.

[0011] In another aspect, a network construction type energy storage dynamic coordination control method is provided, the method comprising:

[0012] S1: Obtain grid rated parameters and initial state of energy storage unit, collect real-time operating and characteristic parameters and upload;

[0013] S2: Calculate grid deviation in combination with multi-source data, determine regional total power reference value and system dynamic parameter demand;

[0014] S3: Calculate energy storage unit weight distribution result and PI parameter, generate setting instruction and issue;

[0015] S4: In combination with unit state and weight result, distribute power reference value of single energy storage unit;

[0016] S5: After updating PI parameter, drive energy storage converter to adjust output, monitor grid state and start emergency response;

[0017] S6: Compare actual and reference power deviation, predict power change trend and correct control parameter;

[0018] S7: Identify grid operating mode, execute master-slave control switching and non-impact grid connection regulation.

[0019] Further, in step S1, the central optimization carrier obtains grid rated parameters, energy storage unit rated capacity, SOC initial value and inherent characteristic parameters; after the local processing carrier is started, the real-time operating parameters and characteristic parameters of the energy storage unit are collected through the built-in characteristic monitoring program, the real-time operating parameters include output voltage, current, power, frequency and temperature, the characteristic parameters include response speed and capacity margin, and the real-time operating parameters and characteristic parameters are uploaded to the regional coordination carrier and the central optimization carrier through the communication transmission carrier.

[0020] Further, in step S2, the central optimization carrier combines grid dispatching instruction, renewable energy output prediction data and load prediction data, accurately calculates grid frequency deviation and voltage deviation, takes the minimum grid frequency deviation, the minimum voltage deviation, the optimal energy storage unit SOC balance, the best active power output smoothness and the minimum transient power fluctuation as the multi-objective trade-off logic, determines the total optimized power reference value of each region, and simultaneously determines the total virtual inertia and total damping coefficient demand based on the calculation result, and each optimization target adjusts the priority through a configurable weight coefficient.

[0021] Further, in step S2, the total optimized power reference value of each region is determined, and the calculation formula is: wherein, is the total optimized active power reference value of the region, is the total load power of the region, is the total renewable energy output of the region, is the dynamic weight of the th optimization objective, and the calculation formula is: wherein, is the base weight of the th optimization objective, is the deviation value of the th optimization objective, is the total number of optimization objectives, is the deviation value of the th optimization objective, is the adjustment coefficient of the th optimization objective, is the deviation value of the th optimization objective, is the total number of optimization objectives.

[0022] Further, in the step S3, the central optimization carrier inputs the grid frequency deviation, voltage deviation, and response speed and capacity margin parameters of each energy storage unit into the built-in adaptive weight adjustment model to calculate the virtual inertia weight and damping coefficient weight of each energy storage unit, further determines the dynamic virtual inertia and dynamic damping coefficient of each unit, and then issues them to the regional coordination carrier; meanwhile, based on the physical characteristic differences of the energy storage unit types, the online self-tuning strategy of the motor side current loop proportional integral parameters is optimized based on the deviation comparison between the reference model and the actual response, a large proportional coefficient and a small integral coefficient are configured for the flywheel unit with extremely fast response, a small proportional coefficient and a large integral coefficient are configured for the liquid flow unit with large capacity, the dynamic balance proportional and integral coefficients of the lithium battery unit which takes into account both response and capacity, the response speed deviation feedback is introduced, the proportional integral parameters are automatically corrected when the actual response speed deviation exceeds 10% from the reference value, and the tuning instruction is generated and issued to the local processing carrier.

[0023] Further, in the step S3, the grid frequency deviation, voltage deviation, and response speed and capacity margin parameters of each energy storage unit are input to calculate the virtual inertia weight and damping coefficient weight of each energy storage unit, and the calculation formula is: wherein, is the virtual inertia weight of the th energy storage unit, is the response speed of the th unit, is the average response speed of all energy storage units in the region, is the capacity margin of the th unit, is the average capacity margin of all energy storage units in the region, is the total number of energy storage units in a single region, is the normalized frequency deviation.

[0024] Further, in the step S4, the regional coordination carrier receives the regional total power reference value, the dynamic virtual inertia and the dynamic damping coefficient issued by the central optimization carrier, combines the real-time SOC value and the power limit of each energy storage unit in the region, and adopts the weight distribution + characteristic matching method to distribute the initial power reference value of a single energy storage unit, wherein the active power reference value comprehensively considers three factors of the proportion of the unit SOC to the total SOC of the region, the proportion of the rated active power to the total rated active power of the region, and the virtual inertia weight; the reactive power reference value comprehensively considers three factors of the proportion of the output voltage of the unit to the total output voltage of the region, the proportion of the rated reactive power to the total rated reactive power of the region, and the damping coefficient weight.

[0025] Further, in the step S5, the local processing carrier receives the initial power reference value and the dynamic virtual inertia and the dynamic damping coefficient issued by the regional coordination carrier, updates the current loop proportional integral parameters through proportional integral parameter self-tuning execution unit, and then substitutes into the voltage frequency coordination adjustment logic to calculate the actual output power instruction, and drives the energy storage converter to adjust the output; at the same time, the real-time monitoring of the grid frequency and voltage change, when the absolute value of the frequency deviation exceeds 0.5 Hz or the absolute value of the voltage deviation exceeds 10% of the rated voltage, the emergency response mode is started immediately, the grid fluctuation is suppressed preferentially, and the system stability is ensured.

[0026] Further, in the step S6, the local processing carrier feeds back the actual output power, the SOC change rate, the response speed deviation and the fault information of the energy storage unit to the regional coordination carrier in real time, the regional coordination carrier compares the deviation between the actual power and the reference power, if the deviation exceeds the set threshold of 5%, the future power change trend is predicted based on the historical data trend deduction technology, the power reference value, the dynamic virtual inertia and the dynamic damping coefficient of each unit are dynamically corrected, the proportional integral parameters are corrected synchronously, the corrected control parameters are obtained and issued to the local processing carrier, and it is ensured that the power output always matches the optimization target.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the network type energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] Firstly, the three-level progressive architecture and closed-loop control logic are adopted in the application, combined with the adaptive weight adjustment and parameter self-tuning strategy, the characteristic differences of multiple types of energy storage units are fully considered, the grid demand is dynamically matched, the problems of multi-unit control conflict and response lag caused by fixed control parameters are solved, and the transient stability of the grid in the face of renewable energy output fluctuation is effectively improved.

[0029] Secondly, the application dynamically allocates the virtual inertia and the damping coefficient weight of each unit according to the grid frequency deviation, voltage deviation, energy storage unit response speed, capacity margin and other parameters through an adaptive weight adjustment model, realizes the balance of charging and discharging, and in the operation mode switching control, designs a smooth transition mechanism of off-grid and grid-connected, through the grid state detection, energy storage output adjustment, grid-connected switching and mode transition and other sub-steps, ensures that no impact current is generated in the process of grid fault and recovery, and guarantees the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0030] Other advantages, objects, and features of the application will be set forth in part in the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the following specification and drawings, or can be learned from the practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structure block diagram of a network type energy storage dynamic coordination control device;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a network type energy storage dynamic coordination control method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the predetermined application purpose, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0035] The present application provides a network type energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method, such as Figure 1As shown, it comprises: network type energy storage unit cluster, local processing carrier, regional coordination carrier, central optimization carrier and communication transmission carrier, the central optimization carrier is used for calculating power grid deviation based on multi-source data, determining regional total power reference value and system dynamic parameter demand; the regional coordination carrier is used for distributing single energy storage unit power reference value in combination with unit state and weight result; the local processing carrier drives energy storage converter to adjust output after updating PI parameter, and monitors power grid state in real time, meanwhile, through state feedback correction mechanism, the actual and reference power deviation are compared, power change trend is predicted and control parameter is corrected, so that the control effect is continuously optimized, in addition, the power grid operation mode can be identified, master-slave control switching and non-impact grid regulation are executed, the stable operation of the system under different working conditions is ensured, through the deep coupling of hardware and software, the dynamic collaborative control of multiple types of energy storage units is realized, and the transient stability of the power grid is significantly improved, which provides a strong guarantee for the safe and reliable operation of the power system.

[0036] Embodiment one

[0037] The network type energy storage unit cluster is the core carrier of electric energy storage and bidirectional conversion, integrates multiple types of energy storage units such as lithium battery, flow battery and flywheel, accurately adapts to different response requirements of the power grid through characteristic complementation, the flywheel type rapid response unit is specially used for responding to instantaneous power fluctuation and frequency mutation; the flow type large-capacity unit provides continuous power support and state of charge buffer; the lithium battery unit considers medium response speed and moderate capacity, and is used for balancing instantaneous adjustment and continuous support, each unit is configured with independent acquisition components, and multiple dimension sensors such as voltage, current, frequency and state of charge are integrated, real-time capture of key information such as output voltage, current, power, state of charge, response speed and capacity margin is realized, and the information is uploaded after preliminary denoising by the built-in low-pass filter circuit.

[0038] The local processing carrier corresponds to each single energy storage unit, adopts a high-performance digital signal processor as a core control chip, is responsible for collecting and preprocessing various operating and characteristic parameters of the unit, is internally provided with voltage frequency coordination adjustment logic and parameter self-tuning execution function, can accurately analyze and execute the control instructions issued by the upper level, and integrates a fault detection module; through real-time monitoring of key node parameters in the circuit topology, the risk conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature and abnormal state of charge can be quickly identified, once the problem is found, the local hardware protection mechanism is triggered to cut off the connection loop of the fault unit and the power grid and upload the alarm information to the regional coordination carrier, in the case of communication link interruption, lightning-caused signal interruption and other extreme conditions, the local processing carrier can automatically switch to the independent operation mode, maintains the unit output stable according to the preset basic control strategy, avoids local system collapse caused by global communication failure, and ensures the continuity of key load power supply.

[0039] The regional coordination carrier is deployed in zones according to microgrid feeders. It uses an industrial-grade programmable logic controller (PLC) to build a hardware platform and establishes a two-way communication link with all local processing carriers in the region via industrial Ethernet or wireless private network. On the one hand, it receives pre-processed data uploaded by each local processing carrier, processes it through timestamp synchronization, high-frequency noise filtering, and data consistency verification, and then aggregates it to the central optimization carrier according to a preset communication protocol to ensure the consistency and reliability of data transmission. On the other hand, it receives global control commands issued by the central optimization carrier. Combining the real-time state of charge of energy storage units in the region, power limits, equipment operating temperature, and local load changes, it completes the fine allocation of virtual inertia and damping coefficient weights, as well as the dynamic splitting of the regional total power reference value. When communication with the central level is interrupted, the regional coordination carrier can automatically switch to autonomous mode and independently generate control commands based on local data such as load change curves and renewable energy output fluctuation trends in the region, ensuring the stable operation of the system in the region is not affected by global communication failures.

[0040] The central optimization platform utilizes an industrial control computer to build its hardware platform. It accesses multi-source information via communication transmission, including grid dispatch instructions, renewable energy monitoring data, load forecasting data, and grid operating status. Its built-in global optimization target calculation unit integrates multiple objectives such as grid frequency deviation, voltage deviation, energy storage unit state-of-charge balance, power output smoothness, and equipment loss minimization. It calculates global control objectives according to dynamic priority logic, including total power reference values ​​for each region, total virtual inertia, and total damping coefficient requirements. Simultaneously, through an adaptive weight adjustment model, it dynamically adjusts the priority weights of each optimization objective based on the real-time grid fluctuation intensity and the overall status of the energy storage cluster. It outputs virtual inertia and damping coefficient weight allocation results and parameter tuning instructions, and guides the switching decisions for grid-connected and off-grid operation modes, ensuring that the global control strategy aligns with the real-time needs of the grid. Furthermore, the central optimization platform also features remote parameter configuration and firmware upgrade capabilities, and can receive debugging instructions from maintenance personnel via encrypted communication links, enhancing system operation and maintenance flexibility.

[0041] The communication transmission platform adopts a dual-link redundancy architecture of fiber optic + wireless. The fiber optic link, with its low latency, high bandwidth, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, handles core tasks such as high-volume daily data transmission, control command issuance, and fault alarm uploading, ensuring the real-time performance of control commands. The industrial wireless link serves as backup, using a dedicated frequency band with strong anti-interference capabilities. In the event of a fiber optic link interruption due to physical damage, accidental excavation during construction, or extreme weather interference, it can automatically switch over in a very short time, ensuring uninterrupted data exchange between the various platforms. Simultaneously, this platform supports standard communication protocols and features AES data encryption and breakpoint resume functionality, effectively preventing data leakage, tampering, or loss during transmission. It provides stable, secure, and efficient communication support for the three-tiered control architecture. Through hierarchical connections and closed-loop data flow, the various components achieve efficient collaboration between global optimization decisions and local real-time execution, ensuring stable system operation under complex conditions.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The control method of this invention is applicable to industrial park microgrids containing a high proportion of distributed photovoltaic and small wind farms. It requires coordinated control through multiple types of energy storage units to balance energy supply and demand and ensure the transient stability of the power grid and the continuity of power supply.

[0044] After the system starts and initializes, such as Figure 2 As shown, the central optimization carrier first acquires operating parameters such as the grid's rated frequency and voltage, as well as basic information such as the rated capacity, initial state of charge, characteristic benchmark values, and safe operating thresholds of the energy storage units through the communication link. Simultaneously, the local processing carrier initiates a self-test program to complete the functional verification of the hardware circuits, sensors, and communication modules. After that, it continuously collects real-time data such as the output voltage, current, power, temperature, state of charge, response speed, and capacity margin of each energy storage unit through the built-in characteristic monitoring program. This data is then uploaded to the regional coordination carrier via the fiber optic link of the communication transmission carrier. The regional carrier performs timestamp calibration, consistency verification, and abnormal data removal on the data before summarizing it to the central optimization carrier at fixed intervals. This completes the comprehensive perception and data synchronization of the entire system's status, laying a solid data foundation for subsequent control decisions.

[0045] The central optimization platform combines power control commands issued by the power grid dispatch center, photovoltaic and wind power output forecast data (such as peak photovoltaic output during the day, continuous fluctuation range of wind power at night, and output attenuation trend under extreme weather conditions), and park load forecast data (such as concentrated production load periods during the day, start-up and shutdown windows of precision equipment, and low office and residential load at night). It uses a multi-objective trade-off logic to determine the total optimized power reference value for each region, based on minimizing grid frequency deviation, voltage deviation, optimal SOC balance of energy storage units, optimal smoothness of active power output, and minimum transient power fluctuation. The calculation formula is as follows: ,in, is the total active power reference value of the region, is the total load power of the region, is the total renewable energy output of the region, is the dynamic weight of the first optimization objective, and its calculation formula is: wherein, is the base weight of the first optimization objective, is the deviation value of the first optimization objective, is the total number of optimization objectives, is the deviation value of the first optimization objective, is the adjustment coefficient of the first optimization objective, is the deviation value of the first optimization objective, is the total number of optimization objectives, and based on the calculation result, the total virtual inertia and total damping coefficient demand are determined simultaneously, and the priority of each optimization objective is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time power grid state, the frequency and voltage stability is prioritized when the power grid fluctuates violently, the state of charge is prioritized when the state of charge of the energy storage unit is significantly different, the loss is prioritized when the operating temperature of the equipment approaches the threshold, and the flexibility and adaptability of the control strategy are ensured.

[0046] The central optimization carrier calculates the virtual inertia and damping coefficient weight of each energy storage unit through the built-in adaptive adjustment logic based on the grid deviation data and the characteristic differences of each energy storage unit, and its calculation formula is: wherein, is the virtual inertia weight of the first energy storage unit, is the response speed of the first unit, is the average response speed of all energy storage units in the region, is the capacity margin of the first unit, is the average capacity margin of all energy storage units in the region, is the total number of energy storage units in a single region, is the normalized frequency deviation, which ensures that the flywheel unit with fast response speed undertakes the task of suppressing instantaneous fluctuations, the flow cell unit with large capacity provides continuous support, and the lithium battery unit flexibly adapts to intermediate working conditions; at the same time, the current loop control parameters are optimized and setting instructions are generated according to the physical characteristic differences of the three types of units, which are issued to the corresponding local processing carrier to realize the precise matching of control parameters and unit characteristics, and to avoid control conflicts and response lags when multiple types of units are connected in parallel from the root cause, ensuring that each unit works together rather than interfering with each other.

[0047] After receiving the global instruction issued by the central optimization carrier, the regional coordination carrier combines the specific conditions of the real-time state of charge, power limit, operating temperature, and historical charge and discharge cycle times of each energy storage unit in the region, and adopts a hybrid strategy of weight distribution and characteristic matching to reasonably distribute the regional total power reference value to each energy storage unit. In the distribution process, the state of charge balance of each unit is considered to avoid excessive charge and discharge of some units by dynamically adjusting the distribution ratio, thereby prolonging the overall service life of the energy storage cluster. The power output capacity and characteristic weight of each unit are also taken into account to ensure that fast-response units and high-capacity units perform their respective functions, fully leveraging the synergistic advantages of multi-type energy storage clusters and allowing each unit to operate under optimal conditions.

[0048] After receiving the power reference value and parameter setting instruction issued by the regional coordination carrier, the local processing carrier immediately updates the parameters in the internal control register and substitutes them into the voltage and frequency coordination adjustment logic for real-time calculation to drive the energy storage converter to accurately adjust the output power and voltage through pulse width modulation technology. At the same time, the grid frequency and voltage changes are monitored in real time. When sudden situations such as rapid cloud cover leading to a sharp drop in photovoltaic output, concentrated startup of production equipment, grid voltage sag, or grid frequency or voltage deviation exceeding the set threshold, the emergency response mode is automatically started to quickly adjust the output power and phase through a priority scheduling algorithm, stabilizing the grid fluctuations in the first time to ensure the stable power supply of critical loads such as production lines and precision instruments in the park and to avoid equipment downtime or product scrap caused by voltage or frequency fluctuations.

[0049] The local processing carrier continuously feeds back operating data such as actual output power, state of charge change rate, response speed deviation, device operating temperature, and converter switching loss to the regional coordination carrier at a fixed sampling period. The regional carrier compares the actual power and reference power deviation of each unit in real time and analyzes the historical deviation trend. If the deviation exceeds the preset range, the power reference value, virtual inertia, and damping coefficient of each unit are dynamically corrected based on historical operating data trend extrapolation technology to predict the future power trend in a short period of time, and the control parameters are adjusted synchronously to form a closed-loop regulation mechanism, ensuring that the energy storage unit output always meets the global optimization target and avoiding the accumulation and expansion of deviation to cause secondary grid fluctuations, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of system operation.

[0050] When the power grid has a transient fault due to thunderstorm weather, line fault, etc., causing the grid-connected switch to open, the central optimization carrier recognizes the off-grid mode and issues an emergency control instruction in a very short time through double criteria of frequency mutation monitoring and switch state signal collection; the regional coordination carrier immediately switches to the voltage-frequency master-slave control mode, selects the energy storage unit with sufficient state of charge, adaptive response characteristics and stable operating state as the master unit through a screening algorithm, and maintains the system voltage and frequency stability dominated by the master unit, and the remaining units follow the power instruction of the master unit as the slave unit, to ensure continuous power supply for key loads such as production lines, emergency lighting, cold chain storage, etc. in the park, avoid economic losses caused by power failure, and after the power grid fault is eliminated, the master unit gradually adjusts the amplitude, frequency and phase of the output voltage according to the non-impact grid-connection logic, realizes accurate synchronization with the power grid through phase-locked technology, then closes the grid-connection switch according to the preset time sequence, gradually reduces the voltage support weight of the master unit, and smoothly transitions to the normal grid-connection operation mode, without generating impact current throughout the process, effectively protecting the safety of power grid equipment and energy storage system, ensuring that the production and office power supply in the park is not affected by the fault, and realizing continuous and stable supply.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical content to obtain equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application. Any modification, change, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments, which does not depart from the technical solution of the present application, is still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control device, characterized in that, The device comprises the following components: Network-structured energy storage unit cluster: composed of at least two units with network-structured energy storage converters and energy storage bodies, containing at least two of lithium batteries, flow batteries, and flywheels, each equipped with an independent acquisition unit, capable of realizing electric energy storage and bidirectional conversion and participating in power grid voltage and frequency support; Local processing carrier: built-in voltage and frequency coordination and regulation logic, fault detection logic, energy storage unit characteristic monitoring program, and proportional integral parameter self-tuning execution unit, capable of acquiring unit parameters, executing voltage and frequency regulation and parameter instructions, and starting independent operation mode when communication is interrupted; Regional coordination carrier: configured according to microgrid feeder partitions, with an industrial programmable logic controller as the core, built-in dynamic power distribution module, state consistency regulation module, and weight pre-distribution module; used for processing uploaded data, distributing virtual inertia / damping coefficient weights and power, and automatically switching to autonomous mode when central communication is interrupted; Central optimization carrier: communicates with each regional coordination carrier and accesses multiple system information, based on an industrial control computer, built-in global optimization target calculation unit, mode switching decision unit, and adaptive weight adjustment model unit; calculates control targets based on grid and energy storage unit parameters, adjusts weight proportion, and outputs proportional integral parameter tuning instructions, with optimization target priority adjusted by configurable weight coefficients; Communication transmission carrier: adopts optical fiber and wireless dual-link architecture, with optical fiber link responsible for daily large data transmission and wireless link as backup link for switching in case of failure; realizes data interaction between carriers.

2. A method suitable for the dynamic coordination control of grid-forming energy storage, the method being suitable for use with a device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises: S1: Obtain grid rated parameters and energy storage unit initial state, collect real-time operation and characteristic parameters, and upload; S2: Calculate grid deviation based on multi-source data, determine regional total power reference value and system dynamic parameter demand; S3: Calculate energy storage unit weight distribution result and PI parameter, generate tuning instruction, and issue; S4: Combine unit state and weight result to distribute power reference value of each energy storage unit; S5: Update PI parameters to drive energy storage converter to adjust output, monitor grid state, and start emergency response; S6: Compare actual and reference power deviation, predict power trend, and correct control parameters; S7: Identify grid operation mode, execute master-slave control switching, and implement non-impact grid connection regulation.

3. The network-configuration type energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the central optimization carrier obtains grid rated parameters, energy storage unit rated capacity, SOC initial value, and inherent characteristic parameters; after the local processing carrier is started, the built-in characteristic monitoring program acquires real-time operation parameters and characteristic parameters of the energy storage unit, real-time operation parameters include output voltage, current, power, frequency, and temperature, and characteristic parameters include response speed and capacity margin; the parameters are uploaded to the regional coordination carrier and the central optimization carrier through the communication transmission carrier.

4. The network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the step S2, the central optimization carrier combines the grid dispatching instruction, the renewable energy output prediction data and the load prediction data, accurately calculates the grid frequency deviation and the voltage deviation, and determines the total optimization power reference value of each region based on the multi-objective trade-off logic of the minimum grid frequency deviation, the minimum voltage deviation, the optimal balance of the energy storage unit SOC, the best active power output smoothness and the minimum transient power fluctuation. Meanwhile, based on the calculation result, the total virtual inertia and the total damping coefficient demand of the system are determined synchronously, and the optimization objectives are adjusted in priority by the configurable weight coefficient.

5. The network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the total optimized power reference value for each region is determined, and the calculation formula is as follows: ,in, This is the regional total optimized active power reference value. It is the total load power of the area. It is the total output of regional renewable energy. It is the first The dynamic weights of each optimization objective are calculated using the following formula: ,in, It is the first The basic weights of each optimization objective It is the first The deviation value of each optimization objective. It is to optimize the total number of targets. It is the first The deviation value of each optimization objective. It is the first The adjustment coefficient for each optimization objective. It is the first The deviation value of each optimization objective. It is to optimize the total number of targets.

6. The network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the step S3, the central optimization carrier inputs the grid frequency deviation, the voltage deviation and the response speed and capacity margin parameters of each energy storage unit through the built-in adaptive weight adjustment model, calculates the virtual inertia weight and the damping coefficient weight of each energy storage unit, further determines the dynamic virtual inertia and the dynamic damping coefficient of each unit, and then sends them to the regional coordination carrier. Meanwhile, based on the difference between the reference model and the actual response, the online self-tuning strategy of the motor-side current loop proportional integral parameter is optimized based on the physical property difference of the energy storage unit type. For the flywheel unit with extremely fast response, a large proportional coefficient and a small integral coefficient are configured. For the liquid flow unit with large capacity, a small proportional coefficient and a large integral coefficient are configured. For the lithium battery unit balancing response and capacity, the dynamic proportional and integral coefficients are introduced. When the actual response speed deviates more than 10% from the reference value, the proportional integral parameter is automatically corrected, and the tuning instruction is generated and sent to the local processing carrier.

7. The network-configuration type energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the grid frequency deviation, voltage deviation, and response speed and capacity margin parameters of each energy storage unit are input, and the virtual inertia weight and damping coefficient weight of each energy storage unit are calculated. The calculation formula is as follows: ,in, It is the first Virtual inertia weight of Taiwan energy storage unit It is the first The response speed of the unit It is the average response speed of all energy storage units in the region. It is the first Capacity margin of unit, It is the average capacity margin of all energy storage units in the region. It is the total number of energy storage units in a single area. It is the normalized frequency deviation.

8. The network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the step S4, the regional coordination carrier receives the total power reference value of the region, the dynamic virtual inertia and the dynamic damping coefficient of each unit sent by the central optimization carrier, combines the real-time SOC value and the power limit of each energy storage unit in the region, and distributes the initial power reference value of each energy storage unit by the weight distribution + characteristic matching method. The active power reference value considers the proportion of the unit SOC in the total SOC of the region, the proportion of the rated active power in the total rated active power of the region, and the virtual inertia weight. The reactive power reference value considers the proportion of the unit output voltage in the total output voltage of the region, the proportion of the rated reactive power in the total rated reactive power of the region, and the damping coefficient weight.

9. The network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the step S5, the local processing carrier receives the initial power reference value, the dynamic virtual inertia and the dynamic damping coefficient sent by the regional coordination carrier, updates the current loop proportional integral parameter through the proportional integral parameter self-tuning execution unit, substitutes it into the voltage frequency coordination adjustment logic to calculate the actual output power instruction, and drives the energy storage converter to adjust the output. Meanwhile, the grid frequency and voltage changes are monitored in real time. When the absolute value of the frequency deviation exceeds 0.5 Hz or the absolute value of the voltage deviation exceeds 10% of the rated voltage, the emergency response mode is started. 10.The network-constructed energy storage dynamic coordination control device and method of claim 2, wherein, In the step S6, the local processing carrier feeds back the actual output power, SOC change rate, response speed deviation and fault information of the energy storage unit to the regional coordination carrier in real time. The regional coordination carrier compares the deviation between the actual power and the reference power. If the deviation exceeds the set threshold of 5%, the regional coordination carrier predicts the future power change trend based on the historical data trend deduction technology, dynamically corrects the power reference value, dynamic virtual inertia and dynamic damping coefficient of each unit, synchronously corrects the proportional integral parameter, obtains the corrected control parameter and issues the corrected control parameter to the local processing carrier, so as to ensure that the power output always conforms to the optimization target.

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