Railway wireless transmission method and data fusion system based on Beidou / mobile communication

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway communication, and provides a railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication and a data fusion system. The method comprises the following steps: the terminal equipment acquires link state information of a 5G-R communication link; under the condition that the terminal equipment determines that a preset switching condition is met according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal equipment determines a target communication link in the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of the transmission data; the terminal equipment calls the target communication link and sends transmission data to the data fusion system; the data fusion system receives transmission data; and the data fusion system performs data integration on the transmission data to obtain target data. Based on the scheme of the invention, the reliability of railway wireless transmission can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway communication technology, and in particular to a railway wireless transmission method and data fusion system based on BeiDou / Mobile communication. Background Technology

[0002] Railway wireless transmission is a fundamental technology for information exchange, enabling train dispatching, operational status monitoring, and emergency command. However, due to the limitations of single-mode technology and deployment environment, achieving uninterrupted and stable coverage across the entire railway line is challenging. This can lead to communication blind spots or signal quality degradation in specific areas or under certain conditions, causing interruptions or delays in critical data transmission and impacting transportation safety and operational efficiency. Furthermore, when multiple communication links coexist but operate independently, data fragmentation can occur, making it difficult to establish unified situational awareness. Therefore, improving the reliability of railway wireless transmission has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a railway wireless transmission method and data fusion system based on BeiDou / mobile communication to solve the technical problem of how to improve the reliability of railway wireless transmission.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a railway wireless transmission method based on BeiDou / mobile communication, applied to a railway wireless transmission system. The railway wireless transmission system includes terminal equipment and a data fusion system. The method includes: Terminal devices acquire link status information of the 5G-R communication link; When the terminal device determines that the preset switching conditions are met based on the link status information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device determines the target communication link between the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link based on the type of transmitted data. The terminal device invokes the target communication link to send transmission data to the data fusion system; The data fusion system receives and transmits data; The data fusion system integrates the transmitted data to obtain the target data.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a data fusion system, which belongs to the railway wireless transmission system, and the railway wireless transmission system also includes terminal equipment; The terminal device is configured to: acquire the link status information of the 5G-R communication link; determine the target communication link between the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link based on the type of transmitted data, and determine the preset switching conditions based on the link status information of the 5G-R communication link; invoke the target communication link to send transmitted data to the data fusion system. The data fusion system is configured to receive transmission data, and perform data integration on the transmission data to obtain target data.

[0006] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a terminal device, which belongs to a railway wireless transmission system, and the railway wireless transmission system further comprises a data fusion system. The terminal device is configured to acquire link state information of a 5G-R communication link, and in a case where it is determined according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link that a preset switching condition is met, determine a target communication link from the 5G-R communication link and a Beidou communication link based on a type of transmission data, and call the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system. The data fusion system is configured to receive transmission data, and perform data integration on the transmission data to obtain target data.

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication and a data fusion system. First, a terminal device acquires link state information of a 5G-R communication link. Then, in a case where it is determined according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link that a preset switching condition is met, the terminal device further determines a target communication link from the 5G-R communication link and a Beidou communication link based on a type of transmission data. Then, the terminal device calls the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system. Finally, the data fusion system receives the transmission data and performs data integration on the transmission data to obtain target data. Through the above steps, intelligent selection and switching of the communication link are realized, that is, not only the real-time state of the 5G-R communication link is considered, but also the type attribute of the transmission data is combined, so that the most suitable transmission path is selected for data of different importance. Meanwhile, the data fusion system integrates transmission data from different links, overcomes the data fragmentation defect caused by independent operation of multiple links, and ensures the unity and integrity of the target data formed finally. Therefore, through intelligent link selection and data integration, effective transmission of data in a complex environment is effectively ensured, and the reliability of railway wireless transmission is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0009] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the terminal device intelligent switching and data fusion system provided by the embodiment of the present application working in cooperation; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture and data flow of the data fusion system provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of field mapping and format standardization provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the process of sending, receipt confirmation, retransmission and failure processing of Beidou short message and the summary reporting of heartbeat packets provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall communication architecture and data interaction of the railway wireless transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cycle tracking mechanism of Beidou short message transmission and the process of ACK receipt confirmation provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the abnormal state identification and alarm process of terminal side heartbeat monitoring in Beidou link monitoring provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0011] Railway wireless transmission is a basic technology for realizing information interaction of train dispatching, running state monitoring and emergency command. However, due to the technical characteristics and deployment environment of single communication mode, it is difficult to realize uninterrupted stable coverage in the whole range of railway. This may lead to the occurrence of communication blind area or signal quality decline in a specific area or under specific conditions, causing the interruption or delay of critical data transmission, and affecting the transportation safety and operation efficiency.

[0012] In some related technologies, the railway mobile communication private network is mainly based on the GSM-R system, and is evolving towards the 5G-R system with ultra-large bandwidth and ultra-low latency characteristics to bear the increasing data transmission demand. As a railway dedicated closed transmission system, the wireless access network of the 5G-R system is usually arranged in a chain structure along the railway line, but this mode has high deployment cost in remote areas or complex environment sections, and it is difficult to completely eliminate the blind area of communication coverage. As a supplement, the Beidou short message communication service has become an effective communication means in areas where ground mobile communication is difficult to cover due to its wide area coverage capability. However, due to the constraints of its transmission frequency and communication capacity, data transmission usually needs to be compressed and packaged, which limits the real-time performance and reliability, and the strict transmission frequency limit makes it difficult to meet the high-frequency data interaction demand.

[0013] In some related technologies, if the 5G-R and the Beidou short message communication are used as independent backup channels, the data receiving side needs to use two independent processing logics. This way cannot intelligently switch data sources according to real-time communication states, and cannot effectively associate and fuse data from different communication links, so that the receiving side cannot identify the same entity or event described by data from different signal sources, cannot form a unified situation awareness, and causes data fragmentation. Therefore, how to improve the reliability of railway wireless transmission has become a technical problem to be solved.

[0014] To solve the above problems, the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application mainly includes: first, a terminal device acquires link state information of a 5G-R communication link; then, in a case where it is determined that a preset switching condition is met according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device further determines a target communication link in the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of transmission data; then, the terminal device calls the target communication link and sends transmission data to a data fusion system; finally, the data fusion system receives the transmission data and integrates the transmission data to obtain target data. Through the above steps, intelligent selection and switching of the communication link are realized, that is, not only the real-time state of the 5G-R communication link is considered, but also the type attribute of the transmission data itself is combined, so that the most suitable transmission path is selected for data of different importance; at the same time, the data fusion system integrates the transmission data from different links, overcomes the data fragmentation defect caused by independent operation of multiple links, and ensures the unity and integrity of the target data finally formed; therefore, through intelligent link selection and data integration, the effective transmission of data in complex environments is effectively guaranteed, and the reliability of railway wireless transmission is improved.

[0015] In the following, the railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail.

[0016] Please refer toFigure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of a railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method of the embodiment of the present application is applied to a railway wireless transmission system, which includes a terminal device and a data fusion system. The method of the embodiment of the present application can include the following steps S101-S105.

[0017] S101, the terminal device acquires link state information of a 5G-R communication link.

[0018] Specifically, considering that a single communication mode has difficulty in achieving stable coverage throughout the railway line, which can lead to communication blind areas or signal quality degradation, the embodiment proposes an adaptive communication scheme combining 5G-R and Beidou communication. The railway wireless transmission system refers to a system for realizing data transmission in a railway environment, which includes a terminal device, a data fusion system and multiple communication links, and aims to ensure reliable transmission of railway operation-related information through cooperative work.

[0019] First, in order to realize intelligent selection of communication links, the terminal device needs to acquire link state information of a 5G-R communication link. The link state information can be represented as a set of parameters (such as signal strength, transmission delay, etc.) for characterizing link performance. The terminal device refers to an entity for data acquisition and transmission in the railway system; 5G-R refers to a special mobile communication network designed for railway communication; 5G-R communication link refers to a wireless data transmission channel established based on 5G-R network; and the link state information of 5G-R communication link refers to index data for measuring the real-time performance of the 5G-R communication link.

[0020] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the signal strength and transmission delay of the 5G-R communication link can be collected through a pre-set interface at regular intervals as the link state information. In some possible implementation manners, based on the signal strength and transmission delay, network load data and throughput data of the 5G-R communication link can be calculated to obtain the link state information in combination with the signal strength, transmission delay, network load data and throughput data.

[0021] S102, in the case where the terminal device determines that a pre-set switching condition is met according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device determines a target communication link in the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of transmission data.

[0022] Specifically, in order to guarantee reliable transmission of different types of data, in the case where the terminal device determines that the preset switching condition is met according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device needs to determine the target communication link in the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of the transmission data. The preset switching condition refers to a preset rule for determining whether link switching needs to be performed; the transmission data refers to information content to be sent through a wireless network; the type of the transmission data refers to classification according to the service attribute or data volume of the transmission data; the Beidou communication refers to a short message communication service based on the Beidou satellite system; the Beidou communication link refers to a communication path for data transmission using the Beidou satellite; and the target communication link refers to a communication link selected for performing the current data transmission task. It can be understood that the target communication link can include only the 5G-R communication link or the Beidou communication link, or both the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link.

[0023] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, when the type of the transmission data is a high-bandwidth requirement type, the 5G-R communication link is determined as the target communication link. In some possible implementation manners, when the type of the transmission data is a high-reliability requirement type, the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link are simultaneously determined as the target communication link to achieve redundant transmission. In some possible implementation manners, the Beidou communication link can also be determined as the target communication link alone.

[0024] S103, the terminal device invokes the target communication link and sends the transmission data to the data fusion system.

[0025] Specifically, in order to complete the transmission of data to the data fusion system, the terminal device needs to invoke the target communication link and send the transmission data to the data fusion system. The data fusion system refers to a system platform for receiving, processing and integrating multi-source heterogeneous data.

[0026] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, when the target communication link includes the 5G-R communication link, the transmission data is subjected to relevant encapsulation processing to adapt to the transmission protocol of the 5G-R communication link, and is sent to the data fusion system. In some possible implementation manners, when the target communication link includes the Beidou communication link, the transmission data is subjected to adaptive processing to meet the transmission requirements of the Beidou communication link, and is sent to the data fusion system.

[0027] S104, the data fusion system receives the transmission data.

[0028] Specifically, in order to realize subsequent processing of the transmission data, the data fusion system needs to receive the transmission data.

[0029] As to this step, in some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system can receive the transmission data from the 5G-R communication link through a preset communication interface. In some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system can receive the transmission data from the Beidou communication link through a dedicated line connection.

[0030] S105, the data fusion system integrates the transmission data to obtain target data.

[0031] Specifically, in order to form a unified and complete data view, the data fusion system needs to integrate the transmission data to obtain target data. Wherein, data integration refers to the process of analyzing, standardizing and fusing the transmission data; for example, the process of data integration can involve data standardization processing and data fusion processing; target data refers to the unified format data formed after the data integration processing.

[0032] As to this step, in some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system can standardize the transmission data to generate standardized data, and then fuse the standardized data to obtain the target data. In some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system can perform deduplication processing on redundant data describing the same entity and association processing on complementary data describing different dimensions when integrating the transmission data, and finally generate the target data.

[0033] In this embodiment, first, the terminal device acquires the link state information of the 5G-R communication link; then, in the case that the preset switching condition is met according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device further determines the target communication link in the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of the transmission data; then, the terminal device calls the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system; finally, the data fusion system receives the transmission data and integrates the transmission data to obtain target data. Through the above steps, intelligent selection and switching of the communication link are realized, that is, not only the real-time state of the 5G-R communication link is considered, but also the type attribute of the transmission data is combined, so that the most suitable transmission path is selected for data of different importance; at the same time, the data fusion system integrates the transmission data from different links, overcomes the data fragmentation defect caused by independent operation of multiple links, and ensures the unity and integrity of the target data finally formed; therefore, through intelligent link selection and data integration, the effective transmission of data in complex environment is effectively guaranteed, and the reliability of railway wireless transmission is improved.

[0034] In an embodiment, the step of "determining, by the terminal device, a target communication link from the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of the transmission data, in a case where the terminal device determines that the preset handover condition is met according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link" is further refined, which can include the following steps: In a case where the signal strength in the link state information of the 5G-R communication link is lower than a first preset threshold, or the transmission delay in the link state information of the 5G-R communication link is higher than a second preset threshold, the terminal device determines that the preset handover condition is met; In a case where it is determined that the preset handover condition is met, and the type of the transmission data is a first preset data type, the 5G-R communication link is determined as the target communication link; In a case where it is determined that the preset handover condition is met, and the type of the transmission data is a second preset data type, the Beidou communication link is determined as the target communication link; In a case where it is determined that the preset handover condition is met, and the type of the transmission data is a third preset data type, the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link are determined as the target communication link; Wherein, the first preset data type includes at least one of a file data type and a video data type, the second preset data type includes at least one of a heartbeat data type, a positioning data type, and a short instruction data type, and the third preset data type includes an emergency alarm data type.

[0035] Specifically, considering the dynamic characteristics of the 5G-R link in the railway communication environment and the transmission requirement differences of different business data, the embodiment proposes a link selection scheme based on link state and data type dual-dimension decision.

[0036] First, in order to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the handover trigger, it is necessary to determine whether the signal strength in the link state information of the 5G-R communication link is lower than a first preset threshold, or the transmission delay is higher than a second preset threshold. When any of the conditions is met, the terminal device determines that the preset handover condition is met. Wherein, the signal strength refers to a parameter representing the quality of the electromagnetic wave signal of the 5G-R communication link; the first preset threshold refers to a pre-set signal strength threshold for triggering link evaluation; the transmission delay refers to the transmission time of the data packet from the sending end to the receiving end; and the second preset threshold refers to a pre-set transmission delay threshold for triggering link evaluation.

[0037] Based on determining that the preset switching condition is met, in order to realize optimal path allocation of data transmission, the terminal device needs to determine the target communication link according to the type of the transmission data. Specifically, the first preset data type refers to a data category with high bandwidth demand; the second preset data type refers to a data category with low latency or low frequency transmission demand; and the third preset data type refers to a data category that needs to prioritize transmission reliability. This step can include the following cases: In the case where the type of the transmission data is the first preset data type, the 5G-R communication link is determined as the target communication link; In the case where the type of the transmission data is the second preset data type, the Beidou communication link is determined as the target communication link; In the case where the type of the transmission data is the third preset data type, the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link are determined as the target communication link.

[0038] For the above data types, specifically: the first preset data type includes at least one of a file data type and a video data type; the file data type refers to a data format that needs to transmit a large volume of documents or records; and the video data type refers to real-time or non-real-time streaming media data containing continuous image frames. The second preset data type includes at least one of a heartbeat data type, a positioning data type, and a short instruction data type; the heartbeat data type refers to periodic status report data for maintaining communication connection; the positioning data type refers to location data containing geographic coordinate information; and the short instruction data type refers to a control or query instruction data with a relatively short length. The third preset data type includes an emergency alarm data type; the emergency alarm data type refers to emergency alarm information representing device failure or safety events.

[0039] In this embodiment, by setting the signal strength being lower than the first preset threshold or the transmission latency being higher than the second preset threshold as the preset switching condition, quantitative evaluation of the performance state of the 5G-R communication link is realized; by determining the 5G-R communication link, the Beidou communication link, or both as the target communication link according to the type of the transmission data being the first preset data type, the second preset data type, or the third preset data type, accurate matching of different service data transmission demands is realized. This mechanism combines link state and data type for decision-making, so that when the performance of the 5G-R communication link decreases, the terminal device can select a link other than the Beidou communication link for file data types and video data types with high bandwidth demand, select the Beidou communication link for heartbeat data types, positioning data types, and short instruction data types with low frequency data to share the pressure of the 5G-R communication link, and simultaneously enable the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link for emergency alarm data types to form redundant transmission, thereby optimizing the overall resource utilization rate of the railway wireless transmission system and the reliability of data transmission.

[0040] In an embodiment, in the case that the target communication link comprises a 5G-R communication link, the above-mentioned step "the terminal device invokes the target communication link and sends the transmission data to the data fusion system" can be further refined to comprise the following steps: The terminal device adds a uniform data packet header to the transmission data to generate a to-be-sent data packet, wherein the uniform data packet header contains a data packet ID and a target terminal ID. The terminal device invokes the 5G-R communication link and routes the to-be-sent data packet to the data fusion system through an IP protocol.

[0041] Specifically, considering that the 5G-R communication link implements data transmission based on a standard IP protocol stack and needs to guarantee the routability and traceability of data packets, the embodiment proposes a scheme for realizing standardized transmission by encapsulating a uniform data packet header.

[0042] First, in order to ensure the identifiability and integrity of the transmission data in the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device needs to add a uniform data packet header to the transmission data to generate a to-be-sent data packet, wherein the uniform data packet header refers to a standardized data structure for identifying the source, target and attributes of the transmission data; the to-be-sent data packet refers to a data unit that can be transmitted through the 5G-R communication link after being encapsulated by the uniform data packet header.

[0043] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the transmission data can be taken as a payload, and a uniform data packet header containing a data packet ID and a target terminal ID can be added in front of the payload to form a to-be-sent data packet; wherein the data packet ID is used to uniquely identify the transmission data, and the target terminal ID is used to specify the receiving address of the data fusion system.

[0044] Further, the terminal device invokes the 5G-R communication link and routes the to-be-sent data packet to the data fusion system through an IP protocol. Wherein the IP protocol refers to a standard communication protocol for realizing network layer data packet addressing and forwarding.

[0045] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the to-be-sent data packet can be taken as the payload of an IP protocol data packet and sent to the data fusion system through the network interface of the 5G-R communication link; wherein the target address of the IP protocol data packet is set as the network address of the data fusion system, ensuring that the to-be-sent data packet is correctly routed to the data fusion system through the 5G-R communication link.

[0046] In this embodiment, by adding a uniform data packet header containing the data packet ID and the target terminal ID to the transmission data, the standardized packaging of the transmission data is realized, ensuring the identifiability and routability of the data in the 5G-R communication link. At the same time, by routing the data packet to be sent to the data fusion system through the IP protocol, the reliability and efficiency of data transmission are ensured, thereby improving the overall communication performance of the railway wireless transmission system.

[0047] In an embodiment, in the case where the target communication link includes a Beidou communication link, the above-mentioned step "the terminal device calls the target communication link and sends the transmission data to the data fusion system" can be further refined and can include the following steps: The terminal device performs fragmentation processing on the transmission data to generate a plurality of data fragments, and configures a sequence number and total fragment number information for each data fragment; The terminal device adds a custom data packet header to each data fragment to generate a plurality of Beidou protocol data units, wherein the custom data packet header includes a start flag, a version number, a data packet ID, a sequence number and total fragment number information, a target terminal ID, a length, and check information; The terminal device calls the Beidou communication link and sends the plurality of Beidou protocol data units to the data fusion system.

[0048] Specifically, considering the transmission capacity limit and protocol characteristics of the Beidou communication link, this embodiment proposes a scheme of adapting Beidou transmission through fragmentation packaging.

[0049] First, in order to adapt to the transmission requirements of the Beidou communication link and ensure data integrity, the terminal device needs to perform fragmentation processing on the transmission data to generate a plurality of data fragments, and configure a sequence number and total fragment number information for each data fragment. Among them, fragmentation processing refers to the process of dividing the original transmission data into a plurality of independent data blocks that meet the upper limit of the transmission capacity of Beidou; data fragments refer to each independent data block generated after fragmentation processing; the sequence number refers to a number used to identify the order of the data fragments in the original transmission data; and the total fragment number information refers to the total number of the original transmission data after fragmentation.

[0050] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the transmission data can be dynamically fragmented based on the single transmission capacity threshold of the Beidou communication link, and the plurality of data fragments after fragmentation can be taken as independent units to be processed.

[0051] On this basis, the terminal device adds a custom packet header to each data fragment to generate a plurality of Beidou protocol data units, wherein the custom packet header contains a start flag, a version number, a data packet ID, sequence number and total piece number information, a target terminal ID, a length and check information. Specifically, the custom packet header refers to a standardized data structure for encapsulating data fragments and adapting to the Beidou protocol; the start flag refers to a marker field for identifying the starting position of the data packet; the version number refers to a numerical field for identifying the protocol version; the data packet ID refers to a number for uniquely identifying the original transmission data; the target terminal ID refers to an identification for specifying the receiving address of the data fusion system; the length refers to the byte length of the data fragment or the entire data packet; the check information refers to a check code for verifying the integrity of the data; and the Beidou protocol data unit refers to a complete data unit encapsulated by the custom packet header and capable of being transmitted through the Beidou communication link.

[0052] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, a custom packet header containing a start flag, a version number, a data packet ID, sequence number and total piece number information, a target terminal ID, a length and check information can be generated for each data fragment, and the encapsulated plurality of Beidou protocol data units can be sent as independent units to be sent.

[0053] Finally, the terminal device calls the Beidou communication link to send the plurality of Beidou protocol data units to the data fusion system.

[0054] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the plurality of Beidou protocol data units can be sent through the hardware interface of the Beidou terminal in sequence, and it is ensured that the data fragments are transmitted to the data fusion system in sequence number order.

[0055] In this embodiment, by fragmenting the transmission data, the size of each data fragment conforms to the single transmission capability of the Beidou communication link; by adding a custom packet header containing a data packet ID, sequence number and total piece number information to each data fragment, the data fusion system can recombine the data fragments according to the sequence number and total piece number information; and by setting a start flag, a version number, a target terminal ID, a length and check information in the custom packet header, the standardized encapsulation of the Beidou protocol data unit is realized, and the correct routing and integrity check of the data in the Beidou communication link are ensured.

[0056] In an embodiment, the above step "the data fusion system integrates the transmission data to obtain target data" can be further refined and can include the following steps: The data fusion system identifies the data source of the transmission data; The data fusion system performs standardized processing on the transmission data according to the data source to generate standardized data; The data fusion system fuses the standardized data to obtain target data.

[0057] Specifically, considering the diversity of data sources and the heterogeneity of formats, the embodiment proposes a scheme of data fusion by identifying and standardizing data sources.

[0058] First, in order to realize differentiated processing for different source data, the data fusion system needs to identify the data source of the transmission data. Among them, the data source of the transmission data refers to the type of communication link that generates or transmits the transmission data.

[0059] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the data source of the transmission data can be determined to be a 5G-R communication link or a Beidou communication link by parsing the link identification field contained in the transmission data or by the physical interface type receiving the transmission data.

[0060] On this basis, the data fusion system standardizes the transmission data according to the data source to generate standardized data. Among them, standardization refers to the process of converting transmission data of different formats or structures into a unified format according to a preset rule; standardized data refers to data with a unified data structure after the standardization.

[0061] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, when the data source is a 5G-R communication link, a parsing operation is performed on the transmission data, a key information field is extracted, and the key information field is converted into first standardized data in a standard JSON format; when the data source is a Beidou communication link, a reorganization and verification operation is performed on the transmission data, and the reorganized data is converted into second standardized data in a standard JSON format.

[0062] Finally, the data fusion system fuses the standardized data to obtain target data. Among them, data fusion refers to the process of integrating standardized data from one or more data sources to form a unified data view.

[0063] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, when only standardized data from a single data source is received, the standardized data is taken as the target data; when first standardized data from a 5G-R communication link and second standardized data from a Beidou communication link are simultaneously received, if the contents of the first standardized data and the second standardized data are the same, any one of the standardized data is selected as the target data, if the contents of the first standardized data and the second standardized data are different, the first standardized data and the second standardized data are superimposed to generate target data containing more complete information.

[0064] In this embodiment, by identifying the data source of the transmission data and respectively processing the transmission data according to different data sources, the heterogeneous data from the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link is converted into standardized data in a unified format. Further, by data fusion of the standardized data, redundant data describing the same event can be removed, or complementary data describing different dimensions can be superimposed, and finally unified and complete target data is formed, thereby realizing effective integration of multi-link heterogeneous data.

[0065] In an embodiment, the standardized data includes first standardized data and / or second standardized data. The above step "the data fusion system processes the transmission data according to data sources to generate standardized data" can be further refined to include the following steps: In the case where the data source includes the 5G-R communication link, the data fusion system parses the transmission data to obtain the first standardized data. In the case where the data source includes the Beidou communication link, the data fusion system reorganizes the transmission data to obtain the second standardized data.

[0066] Specifically, considering the format difference and structural complexity of the transmission data in different communication links, this embodiment proposes a scheme of respectively parsing or reorganizing transmission data from different sources to realize data standardization.

[0067] In the case where the data source includes the 5G-R communication link, the data fusion system needs to parse the transmission data to obtain the first standardized data. The parsing refers to the process of extracting and converting the key fields in the transmission data into a preset standard format; the first standardized data refers to the data that conforms to the unified data structure specification after parsing.

[0068] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the data fusion system extracts the device unique identifier, timestamp, location information, and business data, etc. key fields from the transmission data through a preset parsing rule, and converts the extracted key fields into a preset unified data structure to generate the first standardized data.

[0069] In the case where the data source includes the Beidou communication link, the data fusion system needs to reorganize the transmission data to obtain the second standardized data. The reorganization refers to the process of integrity checking and restoring the transmission data in fragments to the original data structure; the second standardized data refers to the data that conforms to the unified data structure specification after reorganization.

[0070] As to this step, in some possible implementation manners, the data fusion system performs sequence check and CRC check on the fragmented packets of the transmission data, discards error fragments, reorganizes valid fragments into original data according to sequence numbers, extracts device unique identifiers, timestamps, location information, service data and other key fields from the reorganized original data, converts the extracted key fields into a preset unified data structure, and generates second standardized data.

[0071] In this embodiment, by performing the parsing operation on the transmission data from the 5G-R communication link and performing the reorganization operation on the transmission data from the Beidou communication link, the data fusion system converts the heterogeneous data transmitted by different communication links into standardized data conforming to the unified data structure specification. This conversion process makes the key information of the transmission data from the 5G-R communication link or the Beidou communication link present in a consistent format, thereby eliminating the structural and semantic differences of multi-link data. On this basis, the generated first standardized data and second standardized data provide a unified data source that can be directly processed for subsequent data fusion, so that the data fusion system can associate and integrate data from different links, thereby ensuring the integrity and consistency of the final target data.

[0072] In an embodiment, the above step "the data fusion system performs data fusion on the standardized data to obtain target data" is further refined and can include the following steps: In the case where the standardized data only includes the first standardized data, the data fusion system determines the first standardized data as the target data; In the case where the standardized data only includes the second standardized data, the data fusion system determines the second standardized data as the target data; In the case where the standardized data includes both the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and the content of the first standardized data is the same as that of the second standardized data, the data fusion system determines the first standardized data or the second standardized data as the target data; In the case where the standardized data includes both the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and the content of the first standardized data is different from that of the second standardized data, the data fusion system performs superposition processing on the first standardized data and the second standardized data to obtain the target data.

[0073] Specifically, considering the heterogeneity and redundancy of multi-link data fusion, this embodiment proposes a differentiated processing scheme based on data content consistency.

[0074] In the case where the standardized data only includes the first standardized data, the data fusion system needs to directly determine the first standardized data as the target data.

[0075] As to this step, in some possible implementation manners, the data fusion system performs integrity check on the first standardized data, and outputs the first standardized data after the check as the target data, where the integrity check includes key field missing check or format compliance verification on the first standardized data.

[0076] In a case where the standardized data only includes the second standardized data, the data fusion system needs to directly determine the second standardized data as the target data.

[0077] As to this step, in some possible implementation manners, the data fusion system performs integrity check on the second standardized data, and outputs the second standardized data after the check as the target data, where the integrity check includes sharding reorganization result check or timestamp validity verification on the second standardized data.

[0078] In a case where the standardized data includes both the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and the content of the first standardized data is the same as that of the second standardized data, the data fusion system needs to determine the first standardized data or the second standardized data as the target data. Wherein, the content of the first standardized data being the same as that of the second standardized data means that the first standardized data and the second standardized data are completely consistent or have a difference lower than a preset similarity threshold in key information fields (such as device unique identifier, timestamp or business data).

[0079] As to this step, in some possible implementation manners, the data fusion system performs key field comparison on the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and optionally determines the first standardized data or the second standardized data as the target data if the comparison result meets a preset consistency condition, where the preset consistency condition includes a key field matching rate exceeding 90% or a timestamp error being within an allowable range.

[0080] In a case where the standardized data includes both the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and the content of the first standardized data is different from that of the second standardized data, the data fusion system needs to perform superposition processing on the first standardized data and the second standardized data to obtain the target data. Wherein, the content of the first standardized data being different from that of the second standardized data means that the first standardized data and the second standardized data have complementary differences or different description dimensions in some key fields (such as location information or business data).

[0081] As to the step, in some possible implementation, the data fusion system extracts complementary fields of the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and merges the complementary fields into the unified target data, where the merging of the complementary fields includes filling the missing fields in the first standardized data with the corresponding fields of the second standardized data, or appending the service data in the second standardized data to the service data set of the first standardized data.

[0082] In the embodiment, by distinguishing four cases that the standardized data only includes the first standardized data, only includes the second standardized data, simultaneously includes the first standardized data and the second standardized data with the same content, and simultaneously includes the first standardized data and the second standardized data with different content, and respectively adopting the direct determination or superposition processing mode for each case, the data fusion system realizes the differentiated integration of the multi-link data. When the content of the first standardized data is the same as the content of the second standardized data, the mechanism determines one of them as the target data at will, avoiding data redundancy; when the content of the first standardized data is different from the content of the second standardized data, the superposition processing is used to form the target data containing more complete information, ensuring the integrity of the final target data. Through the above steps, the redundancy and complement problem in the multi-link data fusion is solved, and the accuracy and efficiency of data fusion are improved.

[0083] In an embodiment, the method of the embodiment further includes the following steps: In the case that the target communication link includes the Beidou communication link, the terminal device sends a Beidou short message containing a unique identifier through the Beidou communication link, and starts a receipt waiting timer; The data fusion system generates and sends an acknowledgement receipt message to the terminal device after receiving the Beidou short message; In the case that the acknowledgement receipt message is received before the receipt waiting timer expires, the terminal device marks the Beidou short message as sent successfully; In the case that the receipt waiting timer expires and the acknowledgement receipt message is not received, the terminal device triggers a retransmission mechanism, which includes: after waiting for a preset retransmission interval, resending the Beidou short message and increasing the retransmission counter by one; In the case that the value of the retransmission counter reaches the maximum retry threshold and the acknowledgement receipt message is still not received, the terminal device records failure log information containing the unique identifier of the Beidou short message and the failure time; The terminal device generates a heartbeat packet containing the failure log information according to a preset heartbeat period, and sends the heartbeat packet to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link; The data fusion system generates an alarm information according to the failure log information in the received heartbeat packet, and updates the target data according to the alarm information.

[0084] Specifically, considering the transmission characteristics and reliability requirements of the Beidou communication link, the embodiment proposes a scheme for ensuring the reliability of Beidou short message transmission through a receipt confirmation and retransmission mechanism.

[0085] First, in the case where the target communication link includes a Beidou communication link, the terminal device needs to send a Beidou short message containing a unique identifier through the Beidou communication link and start a receipt waiting timer. The unique identifier refers to a data marker for uniquely identifying the Beidou short message; the Beidou short message refers to a short data message transmitted through the Beidou communication link; and the receipt waiting timer refers to a timing module for monitoring the reception status of the confirmation receipt message. Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the sequence number of the Beidou short message can be used as the unique identifier, and the default timeout time of the receipt waiting timer can be set to a preset time length.

[0086] After receiving the Beidou short message, the data fusion system generates and sends a confirmation receipt message to the terminal device. The confirmation receipt message refers to feedback information used by the data fusion system to confirm the reception status of the Beidou short message.

[0087] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the unique identifier of the Beidou short message can be used as the content of the confirmation receipt message, and the confirmation receipt message can be sent to the terminal device through the Beidou communication link.

[0088] Correspondingly, in the case where the confirmation receipt message is received before the receipt waiting timer times out, the terminal device marks the Beidou short message as successfully sent.

[0089] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the sending status of the Beidou short message can be recorded as successful in the local storage module of the terminal device.

[0090] Further, in the case where the receipt waiting timer times out and the confirmation receipt message is not received, the terminal device needs to trigger a retransmission mechanism. The retransmission mechanism includes: after waiting for a preset retransmission interval, resending the Beidou short message and incrementing a retransmission counter by one. The retransmission mechanism refers to a control logic for resending the Beidou short message; the preset retransmission interval refers to a fixed time length for waiting before retransmitting the Beidou short message; and the retransmission counter refers to a counting module for recording the number of times of retransmitting the Beidou short message.

[0091] Regarding this step, in some possible implementation manners, the preset retransmission interval can be set to be the same as the timeout time of the receipt waiting timer, and the initial value of the retransmission counter can be set to zero.

[0092] Then, in the case that the value of the retransmission counter reaches the maximum retry threshold and no acknowledgement receipt message is received, the terminal device needs to record the failure log information containing the unique identifier of the Beidou short message and the failure time. The maximum retry threshold refers to the maximum number of times the Beidou short message is allowed to be retransmitted; the failure log information refers to the data recording the failure of the Beidou short message.

[0093] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the unique identifier of the Beidou short message, the failure time, and the number of retransmissions can be taken as the failure log information, which is stored in the local log file of the terminal device.

[0094] Next, in order to realize the reporting and abnormal monitoring of the failure log information, the terminal device needs to generate a heartbeat packet containing the failure log information according to a preset heartbeat period, and send the heartbeat packet to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link. The preset heartbeat period refers to the fixed time interval at which the terminal device sends the heartbeat packet; the heartbeat packet refers to a periodic data packet used to transmit device state information.

[0095] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the preset heartbeat period can be set to a fixed time length, and the failure log information can be taken as the payload data of the heartbeat packet, which is sent to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link.

[0096] Finally, the data fusion system generates an alarm information according to the failure log information in the received heartbeat packet, and updates the target data according to the alarm information. The alarm information refers to the notification data used to prompt the abnormality of the Beidou short message transmission.

[0097] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the failure log information can be taken as the content of the alarm information, and the alarm information can be stored in the target data to realize the recording and tracking of the abnormal state.

[0098] In this embodiment, a closed-loop confirmation mechanism for Beidou short message transmission is constructed by sending a Beidou short message containing a unique identifier by the terminal device and starting a reply waiting timer, and generating and sending an acknowledgement reply message by the data fusion system after receiving it; a retry attempt and persistent record for a single transmission failure are realized by triggering a retransmission mechanism by the terminal device when the reply waiting timer times out and no acknowledgement reply message is received, and recording failure log information containing the unique identifier of the Beidou short message and the failure time when the value of the retransmission counter reaches the maximum retry threshold; a summary reporting and monitoring alarm process for periodic transmission failure state is formed by generating a heartbeat packet containing the failure log information by the terminal device according to a preset heartbeat period, sending the heartbeat packet to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link, and generating alarm information and updating target data according to the received failure log information by the data fusion system. In this way, instant retransmission, failure log recording and periodic heartbeat reporting are combined to ensure the data transmission reliability of the Beidou communication link in complex railway environment, and to provide the data fusion system with the sensing ability for the abnormal state of the transmission link, thereby improving the overall robustness of the railway wireless transmission system.

[0099] In an embodiment, the method of the present application further comprises the following steps: The data fusion system monitors whether a heartbeat packet from the terminal device is received within a preset heartbeat monitoring period; In the case that the data fusion system does not receive the heartbeat packet within the preset heartbeat monitoring period, the data fusion system marks the terminal device as offline state; The data fusion system generates device offline alarm information according to the offline state, and updates the target data according to the device offline alarm information.

[0100] Specifically, considering the transmission characteristics of the Beidou communication link and the reliability monitoring requirements of the terminal device, the present embodiment proposes a scheme for terminal device offline state detection and alarm through heartbeat packet monitoring.

[0101] First, the data fusion system monitors whether a heartbeat packet from the terminal device is received within a preset heartbeat monitoring period. The heartbeat monitoring period refers to the fixed time interval at which the terminal device sends the heartbeat packet; the heartbeat packet refers to a periodic data message used to transmit device state information.

[0102] As to this step, in some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system periodically checks whether the heartbeat packet from the terminal device is received in the current period according to the time interval of the heartbeat monitoring period through the preset timer module; wherein the time interval of the heartbeat monitoring period can be set according to the priority of the terminal device or the monitoring demand, for example, the emergency device with high priority is set to a shorter period, and the environmental monitoring device with low priority is set to a longer period.

[0103] Further, in the case that the data fusion system does not receive the heartbeat packet in the preset heartbeat monitoring period, the data fusion system needs to mark the terminal device as offline state. Wherein the offline state refers to the state that the terminal device is identified as non-communicable because it does not send the heartbeat packet in the continuous heartbeat monitoring period.

[0104] As to this step, in some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system marks the state of the terminal device as offline state when it does not receive the heartbeat packet in the continuous multiple heartbeat monitoring periods, and records the offline time in the local storage module; wherein the specific number of the continuous multiple heartbeat monitoring periods can be configured according to the network reliability demand, for example, set to 3 periods to ensure the accuracy of detection.

[0105] Finally, the data fusion system generates device offline alarm information according to the offline state, and updates the target data according to the device offline alarm information. Wherein the device offline alarm information refers to the notification data for prompting the offline state of the terminal device.

[0106] As to this step, in some possible implementation ways, the data fusion system updates the device offline alarm information as a supplementary field of the target data into the target data; wherein the device offline alarm information contains the unique identification of the terminal device, the offline time and the offline reason, and the offline reason can be set as the heartbeat monitoring timeout to ensure the integrity and traceability of the alarm information.

[0107] In this embodiment, by monitoring whether the heartbeat packet from the terminal device is received in the preset heartbeat monitoring period through the data fusion system, the periodic detection of the online state of the terminal device is realized; by marking the terminal device as offline state in the case that the heartbeat packet is not received in the preset heartbeat monitoring period, the identification of the communication interruption of the terminal device is realized; by generating the device offline alarm information according to the offline state, and updating the target data according to the device offline alarm information, the device offline event is recorded as part of the target data, so that the subsequent application system can obtain the offline state information of the terminal device based on the updated target data, thereby providing the closed-loop monitoring ability of the communication state of the terminal device for the railway wireless transmission system.

[0108] In an embodiment, for understanding the content of the present application about the terminal device intelligent switching technology and the data fusion system collaborative work, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the terminal device intelligent switching and the data fusion system collaborative work provided by the present embodiment.

[0109] Specifically, Figure 2 The terminal device in the embodiment includes a link state monitoring module, a dual-mode communication link management engine, an intelligent switching control program, and a Beidou link monitoring related component. The link state monitoring module is further subdivided into a 5G-R state monitoring module or a Beidou state monitoring module, both of which are responsible for real-time collection of link state information of the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou satellite communication link. After the link state information is transmitted to the dual-mode communication link management engine, a switching strategy built-in the engine makes a decision, and the decision result is sent to the intelligent switching control program, which executes specific link calling operations. When the intelligent switching control program calls the 5G-R communication link, the transmission data is sent to the 5G data reorganization module of the data fusion system after adding a unified data packet header. When the Beidou satellite communication link is called, the transmission data is first processed to generate data fragments, and then each data fragment is sent to the Beidou data reorganization module after adding a custom data packet header. At the same time, the Beidou link monitoring includes a heartbeat monitoring timer, a state data or error log generation, and a heartbeat packet processing function. After the heartbeat monitoring timer is triggered, the terminal device collects state data or error logs and generates a heartbeat packet, which is sent to the Beidou data reorganization module through the Beidou satellite communication link.

[0110] In the data fusion system, the 5G data reorganization module processes the transmission data from the 5G-R communication link and outputs standard JSON format data, and the Beidou data reorganization module processes the transmission data (including business data and heartbeat packets) from the Beidou satellite communication link and also outputs standard JSON format data. After the two types of standard JSON format data enter the data fusion module and are integrated, they are sent to the message queue Kafka, which is distributed to the time series database and the real-time data lake for storage, respectively. The storage data of the real-time data lake can support the implementation of the visual data monitoring function, and the storage data of the time series database is further distributed to the data service or application through the message queue Kafka.

[0111] In the present embodiment, the terminal device transmits data through dual-link switching, the data fusion system standardizes and fuses heterogeneous data, the functions of each module and the data flow path are clear, and the heartbeat packet generation and transmission logic of the Beidou link monitoring are embodied, providing a complete process architecture for dual-link adaptive communication and data fusion.

[0112] In an embodiment, for the convenience of understanding the content of the present application about the overall architecture and data flow logic of the data fusion system, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The overall architecture and data flow diagram of the data fusion system provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0113] Specifically, Figure 3 The data fusion system shown in the embodiment is divided into an application layer, a data processing and storage layer, a data acquisition and exchange layer, and a data source at the bottom layer, and each layer realizes data transmission and interaction through Kafka. The data source is the initial generation end of the transmission data, including Beidou satellite, 4G / 5G, etc. The heterogeneous transmission data generated by these data sources will flow to the data acquisition and exchange layer. The data acquisition and exchange layer includes a Beidou short message analysis module and a 5G data source analysis module. The function of this layer is to receive transmission data from different data sources, and to perform preliminary reception and analysis on the data through the corresponding analysis module. The data processing and storage layer integrates three types of functional modules, including data reorganization, standardized format conversion, and data fusion processing, as well as three types of storage components, including time series database, relational database, and real-time data lake. The data transmitted from the data acquisition and exchange layer is first restored for data integrity by the data reorganization module, then converted into standardized data of a unified format by the standardized format conversion module, and finally integrated by the data fusion processing module. The target data after processing will be stored in the time series database, relational database, or real-time data lake according to its data characteristics. The application layer includes abnormal data alarm, data state monitoring, and other application systems. This layer subscribes to the target data output by the data processing and storage layer through Kafka, and realizes alarm prompt of abnormal data, monitoring and display of real-time data state, and application requirements in other business scenarios. Among them, Kafka serves as the hub of data flow, responsible for data transmission and distribution between the data acquisition and exchange layer, the data processing and storage layer, and the application layer.

[0114] In the embodiment, by clearly defining the layered architecture of the data fusion system and the functional modules and storage components contained in each layer, the complete flow path from the generation of transmission data by the data source, through the analysis by the data acquisition and exchange layer, the processing and storage by the data processing and storage layer, to the calling of data by the application layer is presented. The correlation between the layers of the data fusion system is fully reflected, ensuring that the data fusion system can standardize and integrate heterogeneous data from different data sources such as Beidou satellite, 4G / 5G, and provide unified and complete target data for the application layer.

[0115] In an embodiment, for the convenience of understanding the content of the present application about the conversion logic of the mapping of different source raw data to a unified platform data model, the corresponding relationship of each key field, and the standardization format processing rules, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4The field mapping and format standardization diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0116] Specifically, Figure 4 Three types of core data objects are shown in the middle, which are 5G data examples (original), Beidou data examples (original), and unified platform data models (mapped results). The three types of data objects are converted from heterogeneous original data to standardized data through field mapping relationships, and cover the complete mapping logic of six key fields of data source, device unique identifier, timestamp, location information, business data, and original information.

[0117] The mapping logic of the data source field is that the data source of the 5G data example (original) needs to be judged as a 5G-R communication link according to its transmission link attribute, and the corresponding field value of "data_source" in the unified platform data model (mapped result) is "5g". The data source of the Beidou data example (original) needs to be judged as a Beidou communication link according to its transmission link attribute, and the corresponding data source field value in the unified platform data model (mapped result) can be identified as "beidou" according to the same logic. Through this field, the original transmission link of the data can be identified by the data fusion system.

[0118] The mapping logic of the device unique identifier field is that the device unique identifier in the 5G data example (original) is carried in the form of "deviceId":"sensor-123", which is directly mapped to the "device_id":"sensor-123" field in the unified platform data model (mapped result). The device unique identifier in the Beidou data example (original) is carried in the form of "card number: 1234567", which is a form of terminal device unique identifier. After mapping and conversion, it also corresponds to the "device_id":"sensor-123" field in the unified platform data model (mapped result), ensuring that data transmitted by different links is associated with the same terminal device.

[0119] The mapping logic of the timestamp field is that the timestamp value in the 5G data example (original) is in the form of "ts":1698384645123, and the date and time string in the Beidou data example (original) is in the form of "Beidou time: 2023-10-27 08:30:45". Both types of original time information need to be converted to ISO8601 standard format, and finally mapped to the "timestamp":"2023-10-27T08:30:45.123z" field in the unified platform data model (mapped result), providing a unified basis for time synchronization in the data fusion process.

[0120] The mapping logic of the position information field is that the longitude and latitude are separated in the form of the field in the 5G data example (original) with "lng": 116.391 and "lat": 39.907, and the longitude and latitude are described in the form of the field in the Beidou data example (original) with "longitude: 116.3912, latitude: 39.9075", both types of position information need to be converted into the GeoJSON standard format, and finally mapped to the "location": {"lon": 116.391, "lat": 39.907} field of the unified platform data model (mapped result), so as to realize the standardized expression of the position information.

[0121] The mapping logic of the business data field is that the temperature and humidity type business data are carried in the form of the key-value pair in the 5G data example (original) with "temp": 25.6 and "humidity": 60, the alarm and displacement type business data are carried in the form of the text description and numerical value in the Beidou data example (original) with "alarm code: 0x12, displacement: 15.5", both types of business data need to be converted into the key-value pair array format of "metric-value-unit", and finally mapped to the "payload" field of the unified platform data model (mapped result), wherein the key-value pair corresponding to the 5G data is {"metric": "temperature", "value": 25.6, "unit": "°c"} (the humidity data is mapped according to the same logic, and the figure is not completely shown), and the key-value pair corresponding to the Beidou data is {"metric": "displacement", "value": 15.5, "unit": "mm", "alarm_code": "0x12"}, so as to realize the structuring and standardization of the business data.

[0122] The mapping logic of the original information field is that the entire JSON string of the 5G data example (original) and the entire original message frame of the Beidou data example (original) are directly retained as the original information, and mapped to the "original_message" field of the unified platform data model (mapped result), which is used for traceability checking and debugging troubleshooting in the data transmission process, and ensures the traceability of data processing.

[0123] In the embodiment, the mapping relationship between the 5G data example (original), the Beidou data example (original) and the unified platform data model (mapped result) is determined, and the standardization conversion rule of the heterogeneous original data is expressed; the mapping process is the core implementation form of the data standardization processing of the data fusion system, and can convert the original data of different transmission links and different formats into the standardized data of the unified structure, thereby providing a basic support for the subsequent data integration and target data formation of the data fusion system.

[0124] In an embodiment, for the convenience of understanding the content of the data transmission tracking mechanism and the heartbeat monitoring process of the Beidou communication link in this application, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The process diagram of the Beidou short message sending, receipt confirmation, retransmission and failure processing provided by the embodiment of the present application and the heartbeat packet summary reporting.

[0125] Specifically, Figure 5 The interaction process between the terminal device and the data fusion system around the Beidou short message transmission, as well as the processing logic of the terminal device after transmission failure and the heartbeat packet summary reporting mechanism are shown, covering "terminal device process" and "multi-mode fusion data receiving process" two parts, and the two parts of the process are associated through ACK receipt transmission.

[0126] The specific logic of the terminal device process is: after the process starts, the terminal device first performs the "send short message" operation, sends the data to be transmitted to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link; after the sending is completed, the terminal device enters the judgment link of "whether the ACK receipt is received". If the judgment result is "yes", that is, the terminal device successfully receives the ACK receipt from the data fusion system, it is marked that this short message sending is successful, and the process is directly ended; if the judgment result is "no", that is, no ACK receipt is received, the terminal device enters the timeout waiting stage of "waiting for X minutes", where "X" is a preset positive integer. After the waiting is over, the terminal device further judges whether "the number of retransmissions is less than the maximum limit": if the judgment result is "yes", the "retransmission" operation is performed, the short message is re-sent, and the retransmission counter value is increased by one, and then the process returns to the "send short message" step to start the transmission and receipt judgment cycle again; if the judgment result is "no", that is, the number of retransmissions has reached the maximum limit set and no ACK receipt is received, the terminal device performs the "record failure log" operation, records the failure information of this short message sending (including but not limited to sending time, message unique identifier, failure reason, etc.), and then performs the "heartbeat packet summary reporting" operation, which includes the failure log information into the heartbeat packet and sends it to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link, thus the terminal device process is ended.

[0127] The specific logic of the multi-mode fusion data receiving process is as follows: the data fusion system first performs a "receive short message" operation to attempt to obtain a short message sent by the terminal device through the Beidou communication link; then enters the "whether a short message is received" judgment link. If the judgment result is "yes", that is, the data fusion system successfully receives the short message, the "send ACK receipt" operation is performed, and the ACK receipt containing the unique identifier of the message is fed back to the terminal device through the Beidou communication link. The ACK receipt is associated with the "whether the ACK receipt is received" judgment node in the terminal device process; if the judgment result is "no", that is, the data fusion system has not successfully received the short message, the "no ACK receipt is sent" operation is performed, and the result is also associated with the "whether the ACK receipt is received" judgment node in the terminal device process, and then the multi-mode fusion data receiving process ends.

[0128] In this embodiment, the core execution process of the Beidou communication link data transmission tracking mechanism is proposed, and the interaction nodes and data flow paths of the terminal device and the data fusion system in the Beidou short message transmission process are clearly defined. The timeout setting, retransmission control, failure tracing and abnormal feedback in this process constitute the reliability guarantee system of Beidou short message transmission, support the implementation of the data transmission tracking mechanism based on the system for the Beidou communication link, and ensure that the Beidou short message transmission state is controllable, the failure is traceable, and the abnormality is reportable.

[0129] In an embodiment, for the convenience of understanding the content of the present application about the overall communication architecture and data interaction path of the railway wireless transmission system based on Beidou communication and 5G-R communication, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The overall communication architecture and data interaction schematic diagram of the railway wireless transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0130] Specifically, Figure 6The composition of the railway wireless transmission system based on Beidou communication and 5G-R communication and the connection relationship and data transmission path between the parts are shown in the figure. The composition includes Beidou satellite, Beidou communication, Beidou user machine, Beidou ground station, serial port, Internet dedicated line, terminal device, 5G slice network, 5G communication, dedicated line, data fusion system, various business systems, 5G base station, shared UPF, and switch. The terminal device has dual-link communication capability and is used for data acquisition and transmission. It establishes a data transmission channel with the Beidou satellite through the Beidou communication for transmitting Beidou short message and heartbeat packet data. At the same time, the terminal device and the 5G base station realize data interaction through 5G communication for transmitting large files, real-time video and other data that require high bandwidth support. The 5G base station is directly connected with the 5G slice network, which is used for railway special communication. The 5G slice network is further connected with the shared UPF, which transmits data between the switch and the data fusion system through the dedicated line to realize data transmission of the 5G-R communication link. The Beidou satellite has data transmission relationship with the Beidou ground station and the Beidou user machine. The Beidou ground station is connected with the data fusion system through the Internet dedicated line, and the Beidou user machine is connected with the data fusion system through the serial port. The two connection modes realize data transmission of the Beidou communication link to the data fusion system. The data fusion system receives all the transmission data from the Beidou communication link and the 5G-R communication link, and after data integration, it interacts with various business systems to provide unified and complete target data for various business systems.

[0131] In this embodiment, the overall architecture of the railway wireless transmission system based on Beidou communication is proposed, the implementation path of dual-link communication between the terminal device and the data fusion system is clarified, and the interaction mode of the data fusion system and external devices and various business systems is clarified, which provides architectural support for the deployment and data flow of the entire railway wireless transmission system.

[0132] In an embodiment, for the convenience of understanding the contents of the cycle tracking mechanism and ACK return confirmation process of the Beidou short message transmission of the present application, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The cycle tracking mechanism and ACK return confirmation process of the Beidou short message transmission provided in the embodiment of the present application are shown in the figure.

[0133] Specifically, Figure 7The core objects included in the system are terminal device, Beidou satellite, data fusion system, and application system receiver. The objects interact through data flow conversion and feedback to form a complete cycle tracking system and ACK return confirmation process. The terminal device, as the main body of Beidou short message transmission, first performs the operation of sending a short message, encapsulates the service data or state data to be transmitted into a Beidou short message, and then sends it to the Beidou satellite through the corresponding communication link. After receiving the Beidou short message, the Beidou satellite performs the operation of forwarding the message to the platform, i.e. the data fusion system in the present application, to realize the cross-link transmission of the Beidou short message from the terminal device to the data fusion system. After successfully receiving the Beidou short message, the data fusion system application system receiver extracts the information corresponding to the Beidou short message through the message queue, and completes the reception and preliminary extraction of the data. In order to ensure the effectiveness and verifiability of the Beidou short message transmission, the system designs an ACK return confirmation process: after the application system receiver completes the information extraction and confirms that the data is correct, it triggers the ACK return confirmation action. The data fusion system returns the generated ACK to the Beidou satellite through the satellite channel. After receiving the ACK, the Beidou satellite further performs the operation of issuing the ACK to the terminal, and feeds back the ACK to the original sending terminal device, forming a closed loop flow conversion of "sending-forwarding-receiving-returning-feedback". In addition, the terminal device, Beidou satellite, and data fusion system are within the logical coverage range of the cycle tracking. Cycle tracking means that each object continuously monitors the link state and data flow conversion progress during the whole data transmission process, providing state basis for the subsequent possible retransmission mechanism.

[0134] In the present embodiment, the core data path of Beidou short message transmission and ACK return confirmation is provided, and the function positioning and interaction logic of each participating object are clarified. Through the closed-loop return feedback and whole-process cycle tracking, it is ensured that the terminal device can know the short message transmission state in time, and the data fusion system and the application system receiver can accurately receive and feed back the data, which provides implementation architecture support for improving the reliability and traceability of Beidou short message transmission. The retransmission mechanism of the terminal device and the failure log recording process are coordinated to support the reliability guarantee system of the Beidou communication link.

[0135] In an embodiment, for the convenience of understanding the content of the present application about the abnormal state identification and alarm process of terminal side heartbeat monitoring in Beidou link monitoring, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the abnormal state identification and alarm process of terminal side heartbeat monitoring in Beidou link monitoring provided by the present embodiment is shown in the following figure.

[0136] Specifically, Figure 8The state judgment logic and corresponding exception handling path of terminal side heartbeat monitoring in Beidou link monitoring are demonstrated, which is developed around whether the running state of terminal side heartbeat monitoring is normal, covering the health feedback in normal state and the alarm triggering mechanism in two abnormal states. Terminal side heartbeat monitoring is a functional module of Beidou link monitoring, which continuously detects the running state of terminal equipment and the Beidou short message transmission state, and feeds back the related state information to the monitoring platform. After the terminal side heartbeat monitoring is started, the state judgment of "whether normal" is first performed: if the judgment result is normal, the terminal side will generate terminal side heartbeat packet data according to the preset heartbeat period, and the monitoring platform will receive the terminal side heartbeat packet data regularly, and confirm that the terminal equipment is in a healthy state based on the state information in the packet; if the judgment result is abnormal, it is further subdivided into two abnormal situations, the first is short message sending abnormality, and the second is terminal side hardware device abnormality. For the case of short message sending abnormality, the terminal side heartbeat monitoring will embed an exception field in the generated heartbeat packet, which contains the identification information of short message sending failure, and the monitoring platform will trigger the exception alarm process after receiving the heartbeat information carrying the exception field; for the case of terminal side hardware device abnormality, the terminal side heartbeat monitoring cannot normally generate or send heartbeat packet data, which causes the monitoring platform to fail to receive the terminal heartbeat monitoring data, at which time the monitoring platform will directly trigger the exception alarm process.

[0137] In this embodiment, Figure 8 The presented process is based on the implementation form of the heartbeat monitoring function of the data transmission tracking mechanism of the Beidou communication link of the system, wherein the terminal side heartbeat monitoring corresponds to the execution module of the Beidou link monitoring, and the monitoring platform corresponds to the abnormal monitoring related functional components of the data fusion system. The process covers the normal feedback and abnormal alarm logic of the terminal side heartbeat monitoring, clearly defines the processing path under different abnormal scenarios, and ensures that the monitoring platform can timely perceive the health state of the terminal equipment and the Beidou short message transmission abnormality, thereby providing abnormal early warning support for the data transmission reliability of the Beidou communication link.

[0138] On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a data fusion system, which belongs to a railway wireless transmission system, and the railway wireless transmission system further includes a terminal device; The terminal device is configured to: acquire link state information of a 5G-R communication link; in the case where it is determined according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link that the preset switching condition is met, determine a target communication link in the 5G-R communication link and the Beidou communication link based on the type of the transmission data; call the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system; The data fusion system is configured to: receive the transmission data; and integrate the transmission data to obtain target data.

[0139] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the data fusion system and the terminal device can refer to the above method embodiments for specific implementation steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] The effects achieved by the embodiments of the present application can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments of the railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication, which will not be repeated here.

[0141] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a terminal device, which belongs to a railway wireless transmission system, and the railway wireless transmission system further comprises a data fusion system. The terminal device is configured to: acquire link state information of a 5G-R communication link; in a case where it is determined according to the link state information of the 5G-R communication link that a preset switching condition is met, determine a target communication link from the 5G-R communication link and a Beidou communication link based on a type of transmission data; and call the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system. The data fusion system is configured to: receive the transmission data; and integrate the transmission data to obtain target data.

[0142] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the data fusion system and the terminal device can refer to the above method embodiments for specific implementation steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0143] The effects achieved by the embodiments of the present application can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments of the railway wireless transmission method based on Beidou / mobile communication, which will not be repeated here.

[0144] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation of the embodiments by means of software and the necessary general hardware platform, or through hardware, through the above description of the embodiments. Based on such understanding, the above technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes a plurality of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the methods of each embodiment or some parts of the embodiment.

[0145] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A railway wireless transmission method based on BeiDou / mobile communication, characterized in that, Applied to a railway wireless transmission system, the railway wireless transmission system including terminal equipment and a data fusion system, the method includes: The terminal device acquires the link status information of the 5G-R communication link; When the terminal device determines that the preset switching conditions are met based on the link status information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device determines the target communication link between the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link based on the type of transmitted data. The terminal device invokes the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system; The data fusion system receives the transmitted data; The data fusion system integrates the transmitted data to obtain the target data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the terminal device determines that the preset switching conditions are met based on the link status information of the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device determines the target communication link between the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link based on the type of transmitted data, including: If the signal strength in the link status information of the 5G-R communication link is lower than a first preset threshold, or the transmission delay in the link status information of the 5G-R communication link is higher than a second preset threshold, the terminal device determines that the preset handover conditions are met. If the preset switching conditions are met and the type of the transmitted data is a first preset data type, then the 5G-R communication link is determined to be the target communication link. If the preset switching conditions are met and the type of the transmitted data is a second preset data type, then the BeiDou communication link is determined as the target communication link. If the preset switching conditions are met and the type of the transmitted data is a third preset data type, then the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link are determined as target communication links. The first preset data type includes at least one of file data type and video data type; the second preset data type includes at least one of heartbeat data type, location data type, and short command data type; and the third preset data type includes emergency alarm data type.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the target communication link includes the 5G-R communication link, the terminal device invokes the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system, including: The terminal device adds a unified data packet header to the transmitted data to generate a data packet to be sent, wherein the unified data packet header includes a data packet ID and a target terminal ID; The terminal device invokes the 5G-R communication link to route and send the data packet to be sent to the data fusion system via the IP protocol.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the target communication link includes the BeiDou communication link, the terminal device invokes the target communication link to send the transmission data to the data fusion system, including: The terminal device segments the transmitted data to generate multiple data segments, and configures a sequence number and total number of segments for each data segment. The terminal device adds a custom data packet header to each data fragment to generate multiple BeiDou protocol data units. The custom data packet header includes a start flag, version number, data packet ID, sequence number and total number of fragments, target terminal ID, length and verification information. The terminal device invokes the BeiDou communication link to send the multiple BeiDou protocol data units to the data fusion system.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data fusion system integrates the transmitted data to obtain target data, including: The data fusion system identifies the data source of the transmitted data; The data fusion system performs standardization processing on the transmitted data according to the data source to generate standardized data; The data fusion system performs data fusion on the standardized data to obtain the target data.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The standardized data includes first standardized data and / or second standardized data. The data fusion system performs standardization processing on the transmitted data according to the data source to generate standardized data, including: When the data source includes the 5G-R communication link, the data fusion system parses the transmitted data to obtain first standardized data; When the data source includes the BeiDou communication link, the data fusion system reassembles the transmitted data to obtain second standardized data.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data fusion system performs data fusion on the standardized data to obtain target data, including: When the standardized data only includes the first standardized data, the data fusion system determines the first standardized data as the target data; When the standardized data only includes the second standardized data, the data fusion system determines the second standardized data as the target data; When the standardized data includes both the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and the content of the first standardized data is the same as the content of the second standardized data, the data fusion system determines the first standardized data or the second standardized data as the target data. When the standardized data includes both the first standardized data and the second standardized data, and the content of the first standardized data is different from the content of the second standardized data, the data fusion system overlays the first standardized data and the second standardized data to obtain the target data.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the target communication link includes the BeiDou communication link, the terminal device sends a BeiDou short message containing a unique identifier through the BeiDou communication link and starts a receipt waiting timer. After receiving the BeiDou short message, the data fusion system generates and sends a confirmation message to the terminal device. If the acknowledgment message is received before the acknowledgment waiting timer expires, the terminal device marks the BeiDou short message as successfully sent. If the acknowledgment waiting timer expires and the acknowledgment message is not received, the terminal device triggers a retransmission mechanism, which includes: retransmitting the BeiDou short message after waiting for a preset retransmission interval and incrementing the retransmission counter by one; If the retransmission counter reaches the maximum retry threshold and the acknowledgment message is still not received, the terminal device records failure log information containing the unique identifier of the BeiDou short message and the failure time. The terminal device generates a heartbeat packet containing the failure log information according to a preset heartbeat cycle, and sends the heartbeat packet to the data fusion system through the Beidou communication link; The data fusion system generates alarm information based on the failure log information in the received heartbeat packet, and updates the target data based on the alarm information; The method further includes: The data fusion system monitors whether it receives the heartbeat packet from the terminal device within a preset heartbeat monitoring period; If the data fusion system does not receive the heartbeat packet within a preset heartbeat monitoring period, the data fusion system will mark the terminal device as offline. The data fusion system generates device offline alarm information based on the offline status, and updates the target data based on the device offline alarm information.

9. A data fusion system, characterized in that, The data fusion system belongs to the railway wireless transmission system, which also includes terminal equipment. The terminal device is configured to: acquire link status information of the 5G-R communication link; determine a target communication link between the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link based on the type of transmitted data, and, upon determining that a preset switching condition is met according to the link status information of the 5G-R communication link; invoke the target communication link to send the transmitted data to the data fusion system. The data fusion system is configured to: receive the transmitted data; and integrate the transmitted data to obtain target data.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that, The terminal equipment belongs to the railway wireless transmission system, which also includes a data fusion system. The terminal device is configured to: acquire link status information of the 5G-R communication link; determine a target communication link between the 5G-R communication link and the BeiDou communication link based on the type of transmitted data, and, upon determining that a preset switching condition is met according to the link status information of the 5G-R communication link; invoke the target communication link to send the transmitted data to the data fusion system. The data fusion system is configured to: receive the transmitted data; and integrate the transmitted data to obtain target data.

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