Reflective display device and driving method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reflective display device and a driving method. The reflective display device comprises a first liquid crystal box, a second liquid crystal box and a third liquid crystal box which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. A first convex structure layer is arranged on a first opposite substrate of a first liquid crystal box, and the first convex structure layer of the first liquid crystal box, a first common electrode and a first bistable liquid crystal layer jointly play a role in light diffusion; and / or, a second convex structure layer is arranged on a second opposite substrate of a second liquid crystal box, and the second convex structure layer of the second liquid crystal box, a second common electrode and a second bistable liquid crystal layer jointly play a role in light diffusion; and / or, a third convex structure layer is arranged on a third opposite substrate of a third liquid crystal box, and the third convex structure layer of the third liquid crystal box, a third common electrode and a third bistable liquid crystal layer jointly play a role in light diffusion. Therefore, the emergent light is more uniform in the vertical view angle and the large view angle, the large view angle brightness attenuation is improved, and the color cast problem is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a reflective display device and driving method. Background Technology

[0002] Display panels offer advantages such as thinness, durability, and low power consumption, which are energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. However, they require a backlight, resulting in a thicker module and higher cost. Electronic paper displays (reflective displays) have emerged as a solution to meet the needs of the general public. Unlike LCD displays, which require a backlight, electronic paper displays can use external light sources to display images. Therefore, even in strong sunlight, the information on the electronic paper remains clearly visible without viewing angle issues. Furthermore, due to their energy efficiency, high reflectivity, and high contrast ratio, electronic paper displays are now widely used in e-readers (such as e-books and e-newspapers) and other electronic components (such as price tags).

[0003] Existing electronic paper displays typically employ E-Ink microcapsule technology (microcapsule electronic ink technology), SiPix microcup technology (microcup electrophoretic display technology), Bridgestone electronic liquid powder technology, bistable liquid crystal display (CLCD) technology, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, or electrowetting technology. However, existing electronic paper display technologies are less mature than liquid crystal display technologies, have lower mass production efficiency, higher manufacturing costs, and cannot achieve color display.

[0004] Technical issues

[0005] Existing reflective display devices using bistable liquid crystals (BMS) suffer from limitations due to the pitch requirements of BMS. A single-pitch BMS can only reflect one color while transmitting other colors of light. Therefore, single-layer BMS reflective display devices mostly display text in formats such as yellow background with black text, black background with yellow text, black background with red text, or red background with black text, failing to achieve displays like black background with white text or white background with black text, which significantly limits product applications. Furthermore, the color of the reflected light from BMS is poor, affecting the display effect. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reflective display device using a three-layer bistable liquid crystal cell in the prior art, such as... Figure 1 As shown, to achieve white or color display, a reflective display device needs to use a three-layer bistable liquid crystal cell to reflect red / green / blue light respectively, thereby achieving white and color display. However, bistable liquid crystals have the following disadvantages:

[0006] 1. Bistable liquid crystals have a wide range of reflection wavelengths in planar (reflective) mode, resulting in a low color gamut and poor contrast of the module;

[0007] 2. Bistable liquid crystal display devices cannot achieve free adjustment of color gamut, and product design relies heavily on the inherent characteristics of bistable liquid crystals;

[0008] 3. Bistable liquid crystals are easily affected by temperature fluctuations, which can lead to color shift (red shift in the reflection spectrum when the temperature increases, and blue shift in the reflection spectrum when the temperature decreases).

[0009] 4. Bistable liquid crystal reflective display devices suffer from brightness attenuation and color shift over wide viewing angles, affecting the viewing experience.

[0010] Technical solutions

[0011] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a reflective display device and driving method to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art.

[0012] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0013] The present invention provides a reflective display device, comprising a first liquid crystal cell, a second liquid crystal cell, and a third liquid crystal cell stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The first liquid crystal cell has a plurality of first pixel units arranged in an array, the second liquid crystal cell has a plurality of second pixel units corresponding one-to-one with the first pixel units, and the third liquid crystal cell has a plurality of third pixel units corresponding one-to-one with the second pixel units.

[0014] The first liquid crystal cell includes a first opposing substrate, a first array substrate disposed opposite to the first opposing substrate, and a first bistable liquid crystal layer located between the first opposing substrate and the first array substrate. The first bistable liquid crystal layer includes first bistable liquid crystal molecules. The first bistable liquid crystal molecules reflect light of a first color when in a reflective state. A first pixel electrode is provided on the first array substrate, and a first common electrode that cooperates with the first pixel electrode is provided on the first opposing substrate.

[0015] The second liquid crystal cell includes a second opposing substrate, a second array substrate disposed opposite to the second opposing substrate, and a second bistable liquid crystal layer located between the second opposing substrate and the second array substrate. The second bistable liquid crystal layer includes second bistable liquid crystal molecules. The second bistable liquid crystal molecules reflect light of a second color when in a reflective state. A second pixel electrode is provided on the second array substrate, and a second common electrode that cooperates with the second pixel electrode is provided on the second opposing substrate.

[0016] The third liquid crystal cell includes a third opposing substrate, a third array substrate disposed opposite to the third opposing substrate, and a third bistable liquid crystal layer located between the third opposing substrate and the third array substrate. The third bistable liquid crystal layer includes third bistable liquid crystal molecules, which reflect light of a third color in a reflective state. A third pixel electrode is provided on the third array substrate, and a third common electrode that cooperates with the third pixel electrode is provided on the third opposing substrate.

[0017] The first opposing substrate has a first raised structure layer on the side facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer, and the first raised structure layer, the first common electrode, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer together serve to diffuse light; and / or, the second opposing substrate has a second raised structure layer on the side facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and the second raised structure layer, the second common electrode, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer together serve to diffuse light; and / or, the third opposing substrate has a third raised structure layer on the side facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer, and the third raised structure layer, the third common electrode, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer together serve to diffuse light.

[0018] Furthermore, a first color resist layer is provided between the first bistable liquid crystal layer and the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and a fourth color resist layer is provided between the second bistable liquid crystal layer and the third bistable liquid crystal layer. The fourth color is a mixture of the first color and the second color, and the third color and the fourth color are complementary colors.

[0019] Furthermore, the first color resist layer is disposed on the side of the first opposing substrate facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer, and the first color resist layer has multiple protrusions and is reused as the first protrusion structure layer.

[0020] And / or, the fourth color resist layer is disposed on the side of the second opposing substrate facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and the fourth color resist layer has a plurality of protrusions and is reused as the second protrusion structure layer.

[0021] Furthermore, the first color resist layer is disposed on the side of the second array substrate facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer; and / or, the fourth color resist layer is disposed on the side of the third array substrate facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer.

[0022] Furthermore, the first color resist layer is disposed between the first opposing substrate and the second array substrate;

[0023] And / or, the fourth color resist layer is disposed between the second opposing substrate and the third array substrate.

[0024] Furthermore, a first adhesive is provided between the first opposing substrate and the second array substrate, the first adhesive having a first color and being reused as a color resist layer of the first color;

[0025] And / or, a second adhesive is provided between the second opposing substrate and the third array substrate, the second adhesive having a fourth color and being reused as the fourth color resist layer.

[0026] Furthermore, the first bistable liquid crystal layer includes a first color dye molecule that is mixed with the first bistable liquid crystal molecules, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer includes a fourth color dye molecule that is mixed with the second bistable liquid crystal molecules. The fourth color is a mixture of the first color and the second color, and the third color and the fourth color are complementary colors.

[0027] Furthermore, the first bistable liquid crystal layer includes a first color dye molecule mixed with the first bistable liquid crystal molecules, the second bistable liquid crystal layer includes a second color dye molecule mixed with the second bistable liquid crystal molecules, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer includes a third color dye molecule mixed with the third bistable liquid crystal molecules.

[0028] Furthermore, a first adhesive is provided between the first opposing substrate and the second array substrate, and a second adhesive is provided between the second opposing substrate and the third array substrate;

[0029] Alternatively, the second array substrate may be reused as the first opposing substrate, and the third array substrate may be reused as the second opposing substrate.

[0030] Furthermore, the first common electrode is disposed on the side of the first protruding structure layer facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index of the first protruding structure layer and the refractive index of the first bistable liquid crystal layer are both less than the refractive index of the first common electrode.

[0031] And / or, the second common electrode is disposed on the side of the second protruding structure layer facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index of the second protruding structure layer and the refractive index of the second bistable liquid crystal layer are both less than the refractive index of the second common electrode;

[0032] And / or, the third common electrode is disposed on the side of the third raised structure layer facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index of the third raised structure layer and the refractive index of the third bistable liquid crystal layer are both less than the refractive index of the third common electrode.

[0033] Furthermore, the refractive indices of the first common electrode, the second common electrode, and the third common electrode are all 1.8 to 2.2, the refractive indices of the first raised structure layer, the second raised structure layer, and the third raised structure layer are all 1.4 to 1.6, and the refractive indices of the first bistable liquid crystal layer, the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer are all 1.4 to 1.8.

[0034] Furthermore, an anti-reflective film is provided between the first opposing substrate and the second array substrate;

[0035] And / or, an anti-reflective film is provided between the second opposing substrate and the third array substrate;

[0036] And / or, the third opposing substrate has an anti-reflective film on the side away from the third bistable liquid crystal layer.

[0037] Furthermore, the first color, the second color, and the third color are each one of red, green, and blue. This application also provides a driving method for a reflective display device, used to drive the reflective display device as described above, the driving method comprising:

[0038] When the reflective display device displays the first color, the first bistable liquid crystal layer in the first liquid crystal cell is controlled to be in a reflective state, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer in the second liquid crystal cell and the third bistable liquid crystal layer in the third liquid crystal cell are both controlled to be in a light-transmitting state.

[0039] When the reflective display device displays the second color, the second bistable liquid crystal layer in the second liquid crystal cell is controlled to be in a reflective state, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer in the first liquid crystal cell and the third bistable liquid crystal layer in the third liquid crystal cell are both controlled to be in a light-transmitting state.

[0040] When the reflective display device displays the third color, the third bistable liquid crystal layer in the third liquid crystal cell is controlled to be in a reflective state, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer in the second liquid crystal cell and the first bistable liquid crystal layer in the first liquid crystal cell are both controlled to be in a transparent state.

[0041] When the reflective display device is in a dark state, the first bistable liquid crystal layer in the first liquid crystal cell, the second bistable liquid crystal layer in the second liquid crystal cell, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer in the third liquid crystal cell are all controlled to be in a light-transmitting state.

[0042] Furthermore, the driving method includes:

[0043] When the first bistable liquid crystal layer, the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer are in a transparent state, a common voltage is applied to the corresponding common electrode, and a first driving voltage is applied to the corresponding pixel electrode. The first driving voltage is an AC voltage with a first amplitude in a first time period, a DC voltage in a second time period, an AC voltage with a second amplitude in a third time period, and a DC voltage in a fourth time period, wherein the second amplitude is less than the first amplitude.

[0044] When the first bistable liquid crystal layer, the second bistable liquid crystal layer, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer are in a reflective state, a common voltage is applied to the corresponding common electrode, and a second driving voltage is applied to the corresponding pixel electrode. The second driving voltage is an AC voltage with a first amplitude in the first time period, and thereafter, the second driving voltage is a DC voltage. The first time period includes a first time interval and a second time interval, and the third time period includes a third time interval and a fourth time interval. The frequencies of the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage in the first time interval are greater than the frequencies in the second time interval, and the frequency of the first driving voltage in the third time interval is greater than the frequency in the fourth time interval.

[0045] Beneficial effects

[0046] By providing a first raised structural layer on the first opposing substrate of the first liquid crystal cell, the first raised structural layer, the first common electrode, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer of the first liquid crystal cell collectively serve to diffuse light; and / or, by providing a second raised structural layer on the second opposing substrate of the second liquid crystal cell, the second raised structural layer, the second common electrode, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer of the second liquid crystal cell collectively serve to diffuse light; and / or, by providing a third raised structural layer on the third opposing substrate of the third liquid crystal cell, the third raised structural layer, the third common electrode, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer of the third liquid crystal cell collectively serve to diffuse light. This diffused light effect can make the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical viewing angle and the wide viewing angle, improving brightness attenuation at wide viewing angles and mitigating color shift problems. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-layer bistable liquid crystal cell used in existing reflective display devices.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first array substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second array substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the third array substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle that the first protruding structure layer, the first common electrode, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer work together to diffuse light in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the planar structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 8 This is one of the cross-sectional structural diagrams of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 10 This is the second schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 11 This is the third schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of the color resist layer and the first bistable liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of the color resist layer and the second bistable liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of the color resist layer and the third bistable liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the three state transitions of bistable liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 16 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the driving signals for the three state transitions of bistable liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 17 This is the second schematic diagram of the driving signal of the bistable liquid crystal molecules in the fog state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 18 This is the second schematic diagram of the driving signal of the bistable liquid crystal molecule in the reflective state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in the dark state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying a screen.

[0067] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in Embodiment Six of the present invention when displaying a screen.

[0073] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in Embodiment 7 of the present invention when displaying a screen.

[0075] Embodiments of the present invention

[0076] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, provides a detailed explanation of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the reflective display device and driving method proposed according to the present invention:

[0077] [Example 1]

[0078] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first array substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second array substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the third array substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0079] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a reflective display device includes a first liquid crystal cell 10, a second liquid crystal cell 20, and a third liquid crystal cell 30 stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The upper side is the side of the reflective display device closer to the external environment, and the lower side is the side of the reflective display device farther from the external environment. The first liquid crystal cell 10 has a plurality of first pixel units P1 arranged in an array. The second liquid crystal cell 20 has a plurality of second pixel units P2 corresponding one-to-one with the first pixel units P1. The third liquid crystal cell 30 has a plurality of third pixel units P3 corresponding one-to-one with the second pixel units P2. That is, the projections of the first pixel units P1, the second pixel units P2, and the third pixel units P3 on the reflective display device are aligned with each other, so that each sub-pixel can reflect three colors of light respectively, thereby increasing the resolution of the reflective display device. The first liquid crystal cell 10 includes a first opposing substrate 11, a first array substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first opposing substrate 11, and a first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 located between the first opposing substrate 11 and the first array substrate 12. The first opposing substrate 11 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal cell 10 closer to the second liquid crystal cell 20, and the first array substrate 12 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal cell 10 away from the second liquid crystal cell 20. The first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 includes first bistable liquid crystal molecules 131, which reflect light of a first color in a reflective state. The first array substrate 12 is provided with a first pixel electrode 121, and the first opposing substrate 11 is provided with a first common electrode 111 cooperating with the first pixel electrode 121. The first pixel electrode 121 is a block electrode corresponding one-to-one with the first pixel unit P1, and the first common electrode 111 is a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the first opposing substrate 11. The first pixel electrode 121 and the first common electrode 111 cooperate with each other to control the deflection of the first bistable liquid crystal molecule 131 in the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, thereby controlling the first bistable liquid crystal molecule 131 to switch between different states.

[0080] The second liquid crystal cell 20 includes a second opposing substrate 21, a second array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the second opposing substrate 21, and a second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 located between the second opposing substrate 21 and the second array substrate 22. The second opposing substrate 21 is located on the side of the second liquid crystal cell 20 closer to the third liquid crystal cell 30, and the first array substrate 12 is located on the side of the second liquid crystal cell 20 closer to the first liquid crystal cell 10. The second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 includes second bistable liquid crystal molecules 231, which reflect light of a second color in a reflective state. The second array substrate 22 is provided with a second pixel electrode 221, and the second opposing substrate 21 is provided with a second common electrode 211 that cooperates with the second pixel electrode 221. The second pixel electrode 221 is a block electrode that corresponds one-to-one with the second pixel unit P2, and the second common electrode 211 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the second opposing substrate 21. The second pixel electrode 221 and the second common electrode 211 cooperate with each other to control the deflection of the second bistable liquid crystal molecules 231 in the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, thereby controlling the second bistable liquid crystal molecules 231 to switch between different states.

[0081] The third liquid crystal cell 30 includes a third opposing substrate 31, a third array substrate 32 disposed opposite to the third opposing substrate 31, and a third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 located between the third opposing substrate 31 and the third array substrate 32. The third opposing substrate 31 is located on the side of the third liquid crystal cell 30 closest to the external environment, and the third array substrate 32 is located on the side of the second liquid crystal cell 20 closest to the external environment. The third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 includes third bistable liquid crystal molecules 331, which reflect light of a third color in a reflective state. A third pixel electrode 321 is provided on the third array substrate 32, and a third common electrode 311 is provided on the third opposing substrate 31 to cooperate with the third pixel electrode 121. The third pixel electrode 321 is a block electrode corresponding one-to-one with the third pixel unit P3, and the third common electrode 311 is a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the third opposing substrate 31. The third pixel electrode 321 and the third common electrode 311 cooperate with each other to control the deflection of the third bistable liquid crystal molecules 331 in the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33, thereby controlling the switching of the third bistable liquid crystal molecules 331 to different states.

[0082] The bistable liquid crystal molecules (first bistable liquid crystal molecule 131, second bistable liquid crystal molecule 231, and third bistable liquid crystal molecule 331) possess three stable textures: P-state (Planar, reflective state), FC-state (Focal Conic, hazy state), and H-state (transparent state). In the P-state, the reflection spectrum of the bistable liquid crystal molecule is in the non-visible spectral range; the bistable liquid crystal molecule reflects non-visible light, and the specific reflected light can be set according to the pitch of the bistable liquid crystal molecule, with the reflected wavelength satisfying the condition λ = n*P (λ is wavelength, P is pitch, and n is refractive index). In the FC-state, the bistable liquid crystal molecule no longer reflects the aforementioned light, and light can be scattered and transmitted through the bistable liquid crystal molecule. In the H-state, the bistable liquid crystal molecule also no longer reflects the aforementioned light, and light can directly pass through the bistable liquid crystal molecule without any scattering effect. Under the action of a certain electric field, these three states can interconvert. Bistable liquid crystal molecules can be, for example, bistable liquid crystal molecules or cholesteric liquid crystal molecules.

[0083] In this embodiment, a first raised structure layer 114 is provided on the side of the first opposing substrate 11 facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13. The first raised structure layer 114, the first common electrode 111, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 together serve to diffuse light. A second raised structure layer 214 is provided on the side of the second opposing substrate 21 facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23. The second raised structure layer 214, the second common electrode 211, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 together serve to diffuse light. A third raised structure layer 314 is provided on the side of the third opposing substrate 31 facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. The third raised structure layer 314, the third common electrode 311, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 together serve to diffuse light. This diffused light effect makes the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical viewing angle and the wide viewing angle, improving brightness attenuation at wide viewing angles and mitigating color shift issues. Of course, in other embodiments, the first protruding structure layer 114 may be provided only on the side of the first opposing substrate 11 facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13; or the second protruding structure layer 214 may be provided only on the side of the second opposing substrate 21 facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23; or the third protruding structure layer 314 may be provided only on the side of the third opposing substrate 31 facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33; or, the first protruding structure layer 114 may be provided on the side of the first opposing substrate 11 facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, and the second opposing substrate 21 may also have a third protruding structure layer 314. 1. A second raised structure layer 214 is provided on the side facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23; or, a second raised structure layer 214 is provided on the side facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 of the second opposing substrate 21, and a third raised structure layer 314 is provided on the side facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 of the third opposing substrate 31; or, a first raised structure layer 114 is provided on the side facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 of the first opposing substrate 11, and a third raised structure layer 314 is provided on the side facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 of the third opposing substrate 31.

[0084] In this embodiment, the first common electrode 111 is disposed on the side of the first raised structure layer 114 facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13. The refractive index of both the first raised structure layer 114 and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 is less than the refractive index of the first common electrode 111. This allows the first raised structure layer 114, the first common electrode 111, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 to jointly form a microprism structure, making the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical viewing angle and the wide viewing angle, thus improving brightness attenuation at wide viewing angles. The second common electrode 211 is disposed on the side of the second raised structure layer 214 facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23. The refractive index of both the second raised structure layer 214 and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 is less than the refractive index of the second common electrode 211. This allows the second raised structure layer 214, the second common electrode 211, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 to jointly form a microprism structure, making the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical viewing angle and the wide viewing angle, thus improving brightness attenuation at wide viewing angles. The third common electrode 311 is disposed on the side of the third protruding structure layer 314 facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. The refractive index of the third protruding structure layer 314 and the refractive index of the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 are both less than the refractive index of the third common electrode 311. Thus, the third protruding structure layer 314, the third common electrode 311 and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 together form a microprism structure, making the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical viewing angle and the wide viewing angle, and improving the brightness attenuation at the wide viewing angle.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, a first array substrate 12 is provided with multiple first scan lines 101 and multiple first data lines 102. The multiple first scan lines 101 and multiple first data lines 102 are mutually insulated and intersecting to form multiple first pixel units P1. The first array substrate 12 provides a first thin-film transistor 103 and a first pixel electrode 121 in each first pixel unit P1. The first pixel electrode 121 is electrically connected to the first scan line 101 and the first data line 102 adjacent to the first thin-film transistor 103 through the first thin-film transistor 103. The first thin-film transistor 103 includes a first gate, a first active layer, a first drain, and a first source. The first gate and the first scan line 101 are located on the same layer and are electrically connected. The first gate and the first active layer are isolated by an insulating layer. The first source is electrically connected to the first data line 102. The first drain is electrically connected to the first pixel electrode 121 through a contact hole.

[0086] like Figure 4As shown, the second array substrate 22 is provided with multiple second scan lines 201 and multiple second data lines 202. The multiple second scan lines 201 and multiple second data lines 202 are mutually insulated and intersecting to form multiple second pixel units P2. The second array substrate 22 provides a second thin film transistor 203 and a second pixel electrode 221 in each second pixel unit P2. The second pixel electrode 221 is electrically connected to the second scan line 201 and the second data line 202 adjacent to the second thin film transistor 203 through the second thin film transistor 203. The second thin film transistor 203 includes a second gate, a second active layer, a second drain, and a second source. The second gate and the second scan line 201 are located on the same layer and are electrically connected. The second gate and the second active layer are isolated by an insulating layer. The second source is electrically connected to the second data line 202. The second drain is electrically connected to the second pixel electrode 221 through a contact hole.

[0087] like Figure 5 As shown, the third array substrate 32 is provided with multiple third scan lines 301 and multiple third data lines 302. The multiple third scan lines 301 and multiple third data lines 302 are mutually insulated and intersecting to form multiple third pixel units P3. The third array substrate 32 provides a third thin film transistor 303 and a third pixel electrode 321 in each third pixel unit P3. The third pixel electrode 321 is electrically connected to the third scan line 301 and the third data line 302 adjacent to the third thin film transistor 303 through the third thin film transistor 303. The third thin film transistor 303 includes a third gate, a third active layer, a third drain, and a third source. The third gate and the third scan line 301 are located on the same layer and are electrically connected. The third gate and the third active layer are isolated by an insulating layer. The third source is electrically connected to the third data line 302. The third drain is electrically connected to the third pixel electrode 321 through a contact hole.

[0088] In this embodiment, a first color resist layer 113 is provided between the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and a fourth color resist layer 213 is provided between the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. The fourth color is a mixture of the first color and the second color, and the third color and the fourth color are complementary colors. Optionally, the entire surface of the first color resist layer 113 is disposed on the side of the first opposing substrate 11 facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, and the first color resist layer 113 has multiple protrusions that are reused as a first protrusion structure layer 114. The entire surface of the fourth color resist layer 213 is disposed on the side of the second opposing substrate 21 facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and the fourth color resist layer 213 has multiple protrusions that are reused as a second protrusion structure layer 214. The first color resist layer 113 serves both as a light filter and as the first raised structure layer 114; the fourth color resist layer 213 serves both as a light filter and as the second raised structure layer 214, thereby reducing the thickness of the reflective display device. Since the third opposing substrate 31 does not require color resist material, the third raised structure layer 314 can be fabricated using OC material. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first color resist layer 113 and the first raised structure layer 114 can be fabricated separately, as can the fourth color resist layer 213 and the second raised structure layer 214, and both can be fabricated using OC material.

[0089] Furthermore, the first color, the second color, and the third color are each one of red, green, and blue, and each of the first color, the second color, and the third color is a different color. For example, in this embodiment, the first color is red, the second color is green, the third color is blue, and the fourth color is yellow. That is, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 is used to reflect red light in the reflective state, the first color resist layer 113 is a red color resist, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 is used to reflect green light in the reflective state, the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 is used to reflect blue light in the reflective state, and the fourth color resist layer 213 is a yellow color resist. Of course, in other embodiments, the first color may be red, the second color may be blue, the third color may be green, and the fourth color may be purple; or, the first color may be blue, the second color may be red, the third color may be green, and the fourth color may be purple; or, the first color may be blue, the second color may be green, the third color may be red, and the fourth color may be cyan; or, the first color may be green, the second color may be blue, the third color may be red, and the fourth color may be cyan; or, the first color may be green, the second color may be red, the third color may be blue, and the fourth color may be yellow.

[0090] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle that the first protruding structural layer, the first common electrode, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer together play a role in light dispersion in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, due to the difference in refractive index between the first raised structure layer 114, the first common electrode 111, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, they collectively form a microprism structure with a light-scattering effect. The light reflected back from the bistable liquid crystal layer diffuses after passing through the microprism structure, making the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical and wide viewing angles, thus improving brightness attenuation at wide viewing angles. The light-scattering principle of the second raised structure layer 214, the second common electrode 211, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 is the same as that of the first raised structure layer 114, the first common electrode 111, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, and the light-scattering principle of the third raised structure layer 314, the third common electrode 311, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 is the same as that of the first raised structure layer 114, the first common electrode 111, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13.

[0091] Furthermore, the refractive indices of the first common electrode 111, the second common electrode 211, and the third common electrode 311 are all 1.8–2.2; the refractive indices of the first raised structure layer 114, the second raised structure layer 214, and the third raised structure layer 314 are all 1.4–1.6; and the refractive indices of the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 are all 1.4–1.8. The reflection spectrum of the bistable liquid crystal molecules is related to the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the cell thickness. A larger viewing angle results in a smaller birefringence of the bistable liquid crystal molecules and a relatively larger cell thickness, leading to color difference at large viewing angles and when viewed directly. By setting a microprism structure (common electrode, raised structure layer, and bistable liquid crystal molecules), the emitted light at large viewing angles and when viewed directly can be more uniform, improving the color shift problem.

[0092] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the planar structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 8 This is one of the cross-sectional structural diagrams of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 10 This is the second schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 11 This is the third schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first protruding structural layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (See diagram below.) Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the protrusions in the first protrusion structure layer 114, the second protrusion structure layer 214, and the third protrusion structure layer 314 can be block-shaped structures. The cross-section of the protrusion is semi-circular, the height h of the protrusion is 0.5um to 2um, the width a of the protrusion is 5um to 20um, and the gap between two adjacent protrusions is 0um to 5um. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the cross-section of the protrusion is an inverted trapezoid, the height h of the protrusion is 0.5um to 2um, the width a of the protrusion is 5um to 20um, and the gap b between two adjacent protrusions is 0um to 5um. Figure 11 As shown, the protrusions of the first protrusion structure layer 114, the second protrusion structure layer 214 and the third protrusion structure layer 314 can also be strip structures, and multiple protrusions are arranged to intersect each other to form a grid structure.

[0093] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of the color resist layer and the first bistable liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of the color resist layer and the second bistable liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spectrum of the color resist layer and the third bistable liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figures 12 to 14 As shown, the transmission spectrum of the first color resist layer 113 ( Figure 12 The reflection spectrum of the mid-curve CF-R relative to the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 ( Figure 12 The LC-R curve shifts to the right, the color saturation of the first color resist layer 113 is higher than that of the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, and the final reflection spectrum of the first pixel unit P1 is... Figure 12 Mid-curve P1; Transmission spectrum of the fourth color resist layer 213 ( Figure 13 The reflection spectrum of the middle curve CF-Y relative to the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 ( Figure 13 The reflection spectrum of the middle curve (LC-R) and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 ( Figure 13 After superimposing the LC-G curves and shifting them to the right, the final reflection spectrum of the second pixel unit P2 is: Figure 13 The middle curve P2; the third opposing substrate 31 has no color resist material, but after being combined with the fourth color resist layer 213, the final reflection spectrum of the third pixel unit P3 ( Figure 14 The reflection spectrum of curve P3 relative to the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 ( Figure 14 The LC-B curve is shifted to the right. By setting a first color resist layer 113 and a fourth color resist layer 213, and cooperating with the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33, the color of the resist layer determines the color and color gamut range of the reflective display device, thereby improving the color saturation and contrast of the displayed image, and making it less prone to color shift problems at high and low temperatures, and able to withstand temperatures above 200℃.

[0094] Furthermore, the reflective display device includes a light-absorbing layer 40, which is disposed on the side of the reflective display device away from the external environment. The light-absorbing layer 40 is used to absorb light passing through the reflective display device, thereby making the reflective display device darker in black, thus improving contrast and display quality. Optionally, the light-absorbing layer 40 uses black ink with an L value (representing brightness) greater than 25 and an OD value (optical density) greater than 4, thereby giving the light-absorbing layer 40 characteristics such as high blackness and good gloss, ensuring a darker black image. Of course, the light-absorbing layer 40 can be made of BM material or black opaque adhesive. In this embodiment, the light-absorbing layer 40 is a planar structure that fully covers the first array substrate 12, and the light-absorbing layer 40 covers the side of the first array substrate 12 away from the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13.

[0095] Furthermore, an anti-reflective film 50 is provided on the side of the third opposing substrate 31 away from the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. The anti-reflective film 50 has a low reflectivity, which can reduce specular reflection of external ambient light and increase contrast.

[0096] Furthermore, a first adhesive 61 is provided between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, and a second adhesive 62 is provided between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32. Both the first adhesive 61 and the second adhesive 62 can be transparent and colorless OCA adhesive.

[0097] The first opposing substrate 11, the first array substrate 12, the second opposing substrate 21, the second array substrate 22, the third opposing substrate 31, and the third array substrate 32 can be made of materials such as glass, acrylic, and polycarbonate. The first common electrode 111, the first pixel electrode 121, the second common electrode 211, the second pixel electrode 221, the third common electrode 311, and the third pixel electrode 321 can be made of materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0098] In one embodiment, Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the three state transitions of bistable liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0099] Figure 16 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the driving signals for the three state transitions of bistable liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. For example... Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, a common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrodes (first common electrode 111, second common electrode 211, and third common electrode 311), and a first driving voltage V1 is applied to the pixel electrodes (first pixel electrode 121, second pixel electrode 221, and third pixel electrode 321). There is a voltage difference (e.g., 30V) between the first driving voltage V1 and the common voltage Vcom, and the first driving voltage V1 gradually becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom within a first preset time. That is, the first driving voltage V1 initially has a large voltage difference with the common voltage Vcom, and then slowly decreases to be the same as the common voltage Vcom. Therefore, a strong vertical electric field is first formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and then the vertical electric field slowly disappears, causing the bistable liquid crystal molecules to rotate and stagnate in the FC state, which is a scattering state and has a light-scattering effect. A common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrode, and a second driving voltage V2 is applied to the pixel electrode. There is a voltage difference (e.g., 30V) between the second driving voltage V2 and the common voltage Vcom. The second driving voltage V2 directly becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom at a second preset time. The second preset time is shorter than the first preset time. That is, the second driving voltage V2 first has a large voltage difference with the common voltage Vcom, and then rapidly decreases to be the same as the common voltage Vcom. Therefore, a strong vertical electric field is first formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and then the vertical electric field disappears rapidly, causing the bistable liquid crystal molecules to rotate and stagnate in the P state, which is the reflective state. A common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrode, and a third driving voltage V3 is continuously applied to the pixel electrode. There is a voltage difference (approximately 30V) between the common voltage Vcom and the third driving voltage V3. A strong vertical electric field is formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and the bistable liquid crystal molecules rotate and stagnate in the H state (transparent state). In this system, the common voltage Vcom is a 0V DC common voltage. The first driving voltage V1, the second driving voltage V2, and the third driving voltage V3 are all AC voltage signals that fluctuate around the DC common voltage. Different orientations of the bistable liquid crystal molecules result in different reflected visible light spectra, with the remaining spectrum transmitted. The P-state and FC-state do not require voltage to maintain. The reflection spectral band (Δλ) of the bistable liquid crystal molecules is proportional to the pitch (Po) and average refractive index (n = (ne + no) / 2) of the bistable liquid crystal molecules, with the formula: Δλ = nPo. Therefore, bistable liquid crystal molecules with different pitches can reflect different colors of light in the reflection state.

[0100] In another embodiment, Figure 17 This is the second schematic diagram of the driving signal of the bistable liquid crystal molecules in the fog state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 17As shown, when the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 are in a fog state (FC state), a common voltage Vcom is applied to the corresponding common electrode, and a first driving voltage V1 is applied to the corresponding pixel electrode. The first driving voltage V1 is an AC voltage with a first amplitude (e.g., 15V to 30V) in the first time period T1, a DC voltage in the second time period T2, an AC voltage with a second amplitude (e.g., 5V to 20V) in the third time period T3, and a DC voltage in the fourth time period T4. The second amplitude is smaller than the first amplitude. For example, the first driving voltage V1 has a first voltage difference (e.g., 30V) between it and the common voltage Vcom in the first time period T1. The first driving voltage V1 directly becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom in the second time period T2. Then, the first driving voltage V1 has a first voltage difference (e.g., 20V) between it and the common voltage Vcom in the third time period T3, and becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom in the fourth time period T4. That is, the first driving voltage V1 first has a large voltage difference with the common voltage Vcom, then rapidly decreases and becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom, and then rises to a smaller voltage difference with the common voltage Vcom, then rapidly decreases and becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom. Therefore, a strong vertical electric field is first formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and the vertical electric field disappears rapidly. Then, a weaker vertical electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and the vertical electric field disappears rapidly. This causes the bistable liquid crystal molecules to first rotate to the H state, then rotate to the P state, and finally rotate and stagnate in the low haze FC state. This is a scattering state with a light-scattering effect and a high transmittance, thereby increasing the transmittance of the bistable liquid crystal molecules in the haze state.

[0101] Figure 18 This is the second schematic diagram of the driving signal of the bistable liquid crystal molecules in the reflective state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 18As shown, when the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 are in a reflective state, a common voltage Vcom is applied to the corresponding common electrode, and a second driving voltage V2 is applied to the corresponding pixel electrode. The second driving voltage V2 is an AC voltage with a first amplitude in the first time period T1, and thereafter, the second driving voltage V2 is always a DC voltage. For example, the second driving voltage V2 has a first voltage difference (e.g., 30V) between it and the common voltage Vcom in the first time period T1. The second driving voltage V2 directly becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom in the second time period T2, and remains the same as the common voltage Vcom in the third time period T3 and the fourth time period T4. That is, the second driving voltage V2 first has a large voltage difference with the common voltage Vcom, then rapidly decreases and becomes the same as the common voltage Vcom. Therefore, a strong vertical electric field is first formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. The vertical electric field disappears rapidly, causing the bistable liquid crystal molecules to rotate to the H state, and then rotate to the P state, which can reflect light of the corresponding wavelength.

[0102] The time period T1 includes a first time interval t11 and a second time interval t12, and the third time period T3 includes a third time interval t31 and a fourth time interval t32. The frequencies of the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 in the first time interval t11 are greater than their frequencies in the second time interval t12, and the frequency of the first driving voltage V1 in the third time interval t31 is greater than its frequency in the fourth time interval t32. This allows the bistable liquid crystal molecules to transition to the FC or P state more quickly, reducing the response time. For example, the frequencies of the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 in the first time interval t11 are 60Hz and in the second time interval t12 are 30Hz; the frequency of the first driving voltage V1 in the third time interval t31 is 60Hz and in the fourth time interval t32 is 30Hz.

[0103] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in the dark state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying an image. Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, this application also provides a driving method for a reflective display device, used to drive the reflective display device as described above. The driving method includes: referencing... Figure 20 The first pixel, Table 1 below, and Table 2 below indicate that when the reflective display device displays the first color, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10 is controlled to be in a reflective state (P state), and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20 and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 in the third liquid crystal cell 30 are both controlled to be in a transparent state (H state or FC state). (Reference) Figure 20 The second pixel, Table 1 below, and Table 2 below, when the reflective display device displays the second color, controls the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20 to be in a reflective state (P state), and controls the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10 and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 in the third liquid crystal cell 30 to be in a transparent state (H state or FC state). (See reference...) Figure 20 The third pixel in the table below, Table 1 and Table 2 below, when the reflective display device displays the third color, controls the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 in the third liquid crystal cell 30 to be in a reflective state (P state), and controls the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20 and the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10 to be in a transparent state (H state or FC state).

[0104] refer to Figure 20 The fourth pixel in the table below, Table 1 and Table 2 below, when the reflective display device is white, controls the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20 and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 in the third liquid crystal cell 30 to be in reflective state (P state).

[0105] refer to Figure 19 According to Table 1 and Table 2 below, when the reflective display device is in a dark state, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 in the third liquid crystal cell 30 are all in a transparent state (H state or FC state).

[0106] Table 1 is an analysis of the reflection and absorption of different colors of light:

[0107]

[0108] Table 2 is a state analysis table of each bistable liquid crystal layer when displaying different colors:

[0109]

[0110] Since the first liquid crystal cell 10, the second liquid crystal cell 20, and the third liquid crystal cell 30 are stacked on top of each other, the projections of the first pixel unit P1, the second pixel unit P2, and the third pixel unit P3 on the reflective display device are aligned with each other. Therefore, each pixel of the reflective display device is composed of the first pixel unit P1, the second pixel unit P2, and the third pixel unit P3, and can display the first color (red), the second color (green), or the third color (blue), thereby improving the resolution of the pixel.

[0111] [Example 2]

[0112] Figure 21This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 21 As shown, the reflective display device and driving method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Figures 2 to 20 The reflective display devices and driving methods in the above are basically the same, the difference being:

[0113] In this embodiment, the second array substrate 22 is reused as the first opposing substrate 11, and the third array substrate 32 is reused as the second opposing substrate 21. That is, the second array substrate 22 and the first opposing substrate 11 share the same substrate, and the third array substrate 32 and the second opposing substrate 21 share the same substrate. Therefore, it is unnecessary to set the first adhesive 61 and the second adhesive 62, eliminating the bonding process between the liquid crystal cells, reducing the overall thickness of the reflective display device, and reducing light loss. Of course, in other embodiments, the second array substrate 22 and the first opposing substrate 11 may share the same substrate, while the third array substrate 32 and the second opposing substrate 21 may be bonded together using the second adhesive 62; or, the third array substrate 32 and the second opposing substrate 21 may share the same substrate, while the second array substrate 22 and the first opposing substrate 11 may be bonded together using the first adhesive 61.

[0114] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] [Example 3]

[0116] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 22 As shown, the reflective display device and driving method provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Figures 2 to 20 The reflective display devices and driving methods in the above are basically the same, the difference being:

[0117] In this embodiment, the first color resist layer 113 is disposed between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, and the fourth color resist layer 213 is disposed between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32. Since the first color resist layer 113 is disposed between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, and the fourth color resist layer 213 is disposed between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32, the first color resist layer 113 and the first raised structure layer 114 need to be fabricated separately, and the fourth color resist layer 213 and the second raised structure layer 214 need to be fabricated separately. The first raised structure layer 114, the second raised structure layer 214, and the third raised structure layer 314 can be fabricated using OC material. Of course, in other embodiments, the first color resist layer 113 can be disposed between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, while the fourth color resist layer 213 is disposed entirely on the side of the second opposing substrate 21 facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23; or, the fourth color resist layer 213 can be disposed between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32, while the first color resist layer 113 is disposed entirely on the side of the first opposing substrate 11 facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13. Further, a first adhesive 61 with a first color is disposed between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, and the first adhesive 61 is reused as the first color resist layer 113. A second adhesive 62 with a fourth color is disposed between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32, and the second adhesive 62 is reused as the fourth color resist layer 213. That is, by using colored OCA adhesive for the first adhesive 61 and the second adhesive 62, there is no need to separately set the first color resist layer 113 and the fourth color resist layer 213, saving manufacturing process and reducing the overall thickness of the reflective display device.

[0118] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] [Example 4]

[0120] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 23 As shown, the reflective display device and driving method provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Figures 2 to 20 Example 2 Figure 21 The reflective display devices and driving methods in the above are basically the same, the difference being:

[0121] In this embodiment, the first color resist layer 113 is disposed on the side of the second array substrate 22 facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and the fourth color resist layer 213 is disposed on the side of the third array substrate 32 facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. This makes the first color resist layer 113 closer to the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 and the fourth color resist layer 213 closer to the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33, which more effectively absorbs excess light from the upper bistable liquid crystal layer, reduces the reflection of light on the surface of the lower glass substrate, and further improves color purity.

[0122] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0123] [Example 5]

[0124] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Figure 24 As shown, the reflective display device and driving method provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Figures 2 to 20 Example 3 Figure 22 Example 4 Figure 23 The reflective display devices and driving methods in the above are basically the same, the difference being:

[0125] In this embodiment, an anti-reflective film 50 is provided between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32, and on the side of the third opposing substrate 31 away from the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. That is, anti-reflective films 50 are provided between the first opposing substrate 11 and the second array substrate 22, between the second opposing substrate 21 and the third array substrate 32, and on the side of the third opposing substrate 31 away from the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33. By providing three layers of anti-reflective films 50, the transmittance of light passing through the first liquid crystal cell 10, the second liquid crystal cell 20, and the third liquid crystal cell 30 can be increased, improving the overall reflection efficiency and increasing brightness. Furthermore, the anti-reflective films 50 can reduce reflection at the interfaces between the liquid crystal cells, reducing the black state brightness of the reflective display device and improving contrast. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of anti-reflective films 50 can be two layers, and they can be provided in two of the first liquid crystal cell 10, the second liquid crystal cell 20, and the third liquid crystal cell 30.

[0126] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3, and Embodiment 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] [Example 6]

[0128] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment Six of the present invention. Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in Embodiment Six of the present invention when displaying an image. Figure 25 and Figure 26 As shown, the reflective display device and driving method provided in Embodiment Six of the present invention are the same as those in Embodiment One (…). Figures 3 to 5 Example 2 Figure 21 Example 3 Figure 22 Example 4 Figure 23 Example 5 Figure 24 The reflective display devices and driving methods in the above are basically the same, the difference being:

[0129] In this embodiment, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 includes a first color dye molecule 132 mixed with the first bistable liquid crystal molecules 131, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 includes a fourth color dye molecule 232 mixed with the second bistable liquid crystal molecules 231. The fourth color is a mixture of the first and second colors, and the third and fourth colors are complementary colors. By adding the first color dye molecule 132 to the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 and setting the fourth color dye molecule 232 in the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, the first color resist layer 113 and the fourth color resist layer 213 are not required. This can improve the color saturation and contrast of the image displayed by the reflective display device, and it is less prone to color shift problems at high and low temperatures. It can also reduce the thickness of the liquid crystal cell. Of course, in other embodiments, the first color resist layer 113 and the fourth color resist layer 213 can also be set to further improve the color saturation and contrast of the image displayed by the reflective display device. Optionally, in order to reduce the influence of dye molecules on light transmittance, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10 and the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20 are preferably in the H state when in the light-transmitting state.

[0130] In this application, the dye molecules are positive dye liquid crystal molecules. Positive dye liquid crystal molecules have a greater light absorption capacity along their long axis than along their short axis, exhibiting strong light absorption along their long axis and very weak light absorption along their short axis. Specifically, the long axis of the first color dye molecule 132 can absorb light other than the first color, and the long axis of the second color dye molecule 232 can absorb light other than the second color. The concentration of dye molecules in the bistable liquid crystal layer is preferably 0.5% to 2%.

[0131] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, and Embodiment 5, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] [Example 7]

[0133] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the reflective display device in Embodiment 7 of the present invention when displaying an image. Figure 27 and Figure 28 As shown, the reflective display device and driving method provided in Embodiment 7 of the present invention are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Figures 3 to 5 Example 2 Figure 21 Example 3 Figure 22 Example 4 Figure 23 Example 5 Figure 24 The reflective display devices and driving methods in the above are basically the same, the difference being:

[0134] In this embodiment, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 includes a first color dye molecule 132 mixed with the first bistable liquid crystal molecules 131, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 includes a second color dye molecule 233 mixed with the second bistable liquid crystal molecules 231, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 includes a third color dye molecule 332 mixed with the third bistable liquid crystal molecules 331. By adding the first color dye molecule 132 to the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13, providing the fourth color dye molecule 232 in the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23, and providing the third color dye molecule 332 in the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33, the first color resist layer 113 and the fourth color resist layer 213 are not required. This improves the color saturation and contrast of the reflected display device, reduces color shift issues at high and low temperatures, and reduces the thickness of the liquid crystal cell. Of course, in other embodiments, the first color resist layer 113 and the fourth color resist layer 213 can also be provided to further improve the color saturation and contrast of the reflected display device. Optionally, in order to reduce the influence of dye molecules on light transmittance, the first bistable liquid crystal layer 13 in the first liquid crystal cell 10, the second bistable liquid crystal layer 23 in the second liquid crystal cell 20, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer 33 in the third liquid crystal cell 30 are preferably in the H state when in the light-transmitting state.

[0135] In this application, the dye molecules are positive dye liquid crystal molecules. Positive dye liquid crystal molecules have a greater light absorption capacity along their long axis than along their short axis, exhibiting strong light absorption along their long axis and very weak light absorption along their short axis. Specifically, the long axis of the first color dye molecule 132 can absorb light other than the first color, the long axis of the second color dye molecule 232 can absorb light other than the second color, and the long axis of the third color dye molecule 332 can absorb light other than the third color. The concentration of dye molecules in the bistable liquid crystal layer is preferably 0.5% to 2%.

[0136] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, and Embodiment 5, and will not be repeated here.

[0137] In this document, the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined according to the position of the structures in the accompanying drawings and the relative positions of the structures, and are only used for clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., used herein are only used for distinction in name and are not used to limit the number or order.

[0138] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0139] Industrial applicability

[0140] By providing a first raised structural layer on the first opposing substrate of the first liquid crystal cell, the first raised structural layer, the first common electrode, and the first bistable liquid crystal layer of the first liquid crystal cell collectively serve to diffuse light; and / or, by providing a second raised structural layer on the second opposing substrate of the second liquid crystal cell, the second raised structural layer, the second common electrode, and the second bistable liquid crystal layer of the second liquid crystal cell collectively serve to diffuse light; and / or, by providing a third raised structural layer on the third opposing substrate of the third liquid crystal cell, the third raised structural layer, the third common electrode, and the third bistable liquid crystal layer of the third liquid crystal cell collectively serve to diffuse light. This diffused light effect can make the emitted light more uniform at both the vertical viewing angle and the wide viewing angle, improving brightness attenuation at wide viewing angles and mitigating color shift problems.

Claims

1. A reflective display device, characterized by The display panel comprises a first liquid crystal box (10), a second liquid crystal box (20) and a third liquid crystal box (30) stacked from bottom to top, the first liquid crystal box (10) has a plurality of first pixel units (P1) arranged in an array, the second liquid crystal box (20) has a plurality of second pixel units (P2) corresponding to the first pixel units (P1) one by one, and the third liquid crystal box (30) has a plurality of third pixel units (P3) corresponding to the second pixel units (P2) one by one. The first liquid crystal box (10) comprises a first opposite substrate (11), a first array substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first opposite substrate (11), and a first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) located between the first opposite substrate (11) and the first array substrate (12), the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) comprises first bistable liquid crystal molecules (131), the first bistable liquid crystal molecules (131) reflect light of a first color in a reflective state, the first array substrate (12) is provided with a first pixel electrode (121), and the first opposite substrate (11) is provided with a first common electrode (111) matched with the first pixel electrode (121). The second liquid crystal box (20) comprises a second opposite substrate (21), a second array substrate (22) arranged opposite to the second opposite substrate (21), and a second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) located between the second opposite substrate (21) and the second array substrate (22), the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) comprises second bistable liquid crystal molecules (231), the second bistable liquid crystal molecules (231) reflect light of a second color in a reflective state, the second array substrate (22) is provided with a second pixel electrode (221), and the second opposite substrate (21) is provided with a second common electrode (211) matched with the second pixel electrode (221). The third liquid crystal box (30) comprises a third opposite substrate (31), a third array substrate (32) arranged opposite to the third opposite substrate (31), and a third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) located between the third opposite substrate (31) and the third array substrate (32), the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) comprises third bistable liquid crystal molecules (331), the third bistable liquid crystal molecules (331) reflect light of a third color in a reflective state, the third array substrate (32) is provided with a third pixel electrode (321), and the third opposite substrate (31) is provided with a third common electrode (311) matched with the third pixel electrode (121). The first opposite substrate (11) is provided with a first protruding structure layer (114) on the side facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13), and the first protruding structure layer (114), the first common electrode (111) and the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) jointly play a role of diffusing light; and / or, the second opposite substrate (21) is provided with a second protruding structure layer (214) on the side facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23), and the second protruding structure layer (214), the second common electrode (211) and the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) jointly play a role of diffusing light; and / or, the third opposite substrate (31) is provided with a third protruding structure layer (314) on the side facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33), and the third protruding structure layer (314), the third common electrode (311) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) jointly play a role of diffusing light.

2. The reflective display device of claim 1, wherein The first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) and the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) are provided with a first color resist layer (113), and the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) are provided with a fourth color resist layer (213), the fourth color being a mixed color of the first color and the second color, and the third color and the fourth color being complementary colors.

3. The reflective display device of claim 2, wherein The first color resist layer (113) is arranged on the side of the first opposite substrate (11) facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13), and the first color resist layer (113) has a plurality of protrusions and is reused as the first protruding structure layer (114); And / or, the fourth color resist layer (213) is arranged on the side of the second opposite substrate (21) facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23), and the fourth color resist layer (213) has a plurality of protrusions and is reused as the second protruding structure layer (214).

4. The reflective display device of claim 2, wherein The first color resist layer (113) is arranged on the side of the second array substrate (22) facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23); And / or, the fourth color resist layer (213) is arranged on the side of the third array substrate (32) facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33).

5. The reflective display device of claim 2, wherein The first color resist layer (113) is arranged between the first opposite substrate (11) and the second array substrate (22); And / or, the fourth color resist layer (213) is arranged between the second opposite substrate (21) and the third array substrate (32).

6. The reflective display device of claim 5, wherein The first opposite substrate (11) and the second array substrate (22) are provided with a first adhesive (61), and the first adhesive (61) has the first color and is reused as the first color resist layer (113); And / or, the second opposite substrate (21) and the third array substrate (32) are provided with a second adhesive (62), and the second adhesive (62) has the fourth color and is reused as the fourth color resist layer (213).

7. The reflective display apparatus of claim 1, wherein The first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) comprises first color dye molecules (132) mixed with the first bistable liquid crystal molecules (131), the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) comprises fourth color dye molecules (232) mixed with the second bistable liquid crystal molecules (231), the fourth color being a mixed color of the first color and the second color, and the third color and the fourth color being complementary colors.

8. The reflective display apparatus of claim 1, wherein The first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) comprises first color dye molecules (132) mixed with the first bistable liquid crystal molecules (131), the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) comprises second color dye molecules (233) mixed with the second bistable liquid crystal molecules (231), and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) comprises third color dye molecules (332) mixed with the third bistable liquid crystal molecules (331).

9. The reflective display apparatus of claim 1, wherein A first adhesive (61) is arranged between the first opposed substrate (11) and the second array substrate (22), and a second adhesive (62) is arranged between the second opposed substrate (21) and the third array substrate (32). Alternatively, the second array substrate (22) is multiplexed as the first opposed substrate (11), and the third array substrate (32) is multiplexed as the second opposed substrate (21).

10. A reflective display device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that The first common electrode (111) is arranged on a side of the first protruding structure layer (114) facing the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13), the refractive index of the first protruding structure layer (114) and the refractive index of the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) are both less than the refractive index of the first common electrode (111); And / or, the second common electrode (211) is arranged on a side of the second protruding structure layer (214) facing the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23), the refractive index of the second protruding structure layer (214) and the refractive index of the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) are both less than the refractive index of the second common electrode (211); And / or, the third common electrode (311) is arranged on a side of the third protruding structure layer (314) facing the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33), the refractive index of the third protruding structure layer (314) and the refractive index of the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) are both less than the refractive index of the third common electrode (311).

11. The reflective display device of claim 10, wherein The refractive index of the first common electrode (111), the refractive index of the second common electrode (211), and the refractive index of the third common electrode (311) are all 1.8-2.2, the refractive index of the first protruding structure layer (114), the refractive index of the second protruding structure layer (214), and the refractive index of the third protruding structure layer (314) are all 1.4-1.6, and the refractive index of the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13), the refractive index of the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23), and the refractive index of the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) are all 1.4-1.

8.

12. A reflective display device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that An anti-reflection film (50) is arranged between the first opposed substrate (11) and the second array substrate (22). And / or, an anti-reflection film (50) is arranged between the second opposed substrate (21) and the third array substrate (32); and / or, an anti-reflection film (50) is arranged on the side of the third opposed substrate (31) away from the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33).

13. A reflective display device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that The first color, the second color and the third color are each one of red, green and blue.

14. A driving method of a reflective display device, characterized by, A driving method for driving the reflective display device as claimed in any one of claims 1-13, the driving method comprising: when the reflective display device displays the first color, controlling the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) in the first liquid crystal cell (10) to be in a reflective state, and controlling the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) in the second liquid crystal cell (20) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) in the third liquid crystal cell (30) to be in a transmissive state; when the reflective display device displays the second color, controlling the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) in the second liquid crystal cell (20) to be in a reflective state, and controlling the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) in the first liquid crystal cell (10) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) in the third liquid crystal cell (30) to be in a transmissive state; when the reflective display device displays the third color, controlling the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) in the third liquid crystal cell (30) to be in a reflective state, and controlling the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) in the second liquid crystal cell (20) and the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) in the first liquid crystal cell (10) to be in a transmissive state; when the reflective display device is in a dark state, controlling the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13) in the first liquid crystal cell (10), the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) in the second liquid crystal cell (20) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) in the third liquid crystal cell (30) to be in a transmissive state.

15. The driving method of the reflective display device according to claim 14, wherein The driving method comprises: when the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13), the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) are in a transmissive state, applying a common voltage (Vcom) to the corresponding common electrode and applying a first driving voltage (V1) to the corresponding pixel electrode, the first driving voltage (V1) being an alternating voltage with a first amplitude in a first time period (T1), the first driving voltage (V1) being a direct current voltage in a second time period (T2), the first driving voltage (V1) being an alternating voltage with a second amplitude in a third time period (T3), the first driving voltage (V1) being a direct current voltage in a fourth time period (T4), the second amplitude being smaller than the first amplitude; when the first bistable liquid crystal layer (13), the second bistable liquid crystal layer (23) and the third bistable liquid crystal layer (33) are in a reflective state, applying a common voltage (Vcom) to the corresponding common electrode and applying a second driving voltage (V2) to the corresponding pixel electrode, the second driving voltage (V2) being an alternating voltage with a first amplitude in a first time period (T1), and then the second driving voltage (V2) being a direct current voltage all the time; The first time period (T1) has a first time interval (t11) and a second time interval (t12), and the third time period (T3) has a third time interval (t31) and a fourth time interval (t32). The frequency of the first driving voltage (V1) and the second driving voltage (V2) in the first time interval (t11) is greater than that in the second time interval (t12), and the frequency of the first driving voltage (V1) in the third time interval (t31) is greater than that in the fourth time interval (t32).

Images