Floating body separating and conveying device capable of enhancing rotational flow

Abstract

The invention provides a floating body separation and conveying device capable of enhancing rotational flow. The floating body separation and conveying device comprises an inlet flow guide section, a rotational flow generation section and a floating body collection section which are connected in the water flow direction. The inlet flow guide section comprises an inlet horn mouth and an expansion joint capable of being axially adjusted; the rotational flow generation section comprises a rotational flow cavity and a power component which is arranged in the rotational flow cavity and is used for generating rotational flow; the floating body collecting section comprises a floating body conveying and collecting unit arranged in an outlet area of the rotational flow cavity; an inlet of the floating body conveying and collecting unit is located in an outlet area of the rotational flow cavity, and a floating body capturing device is arranged at the inlet of the floating body conveying and collecting unit and used for capturing the floating bodies subjected to rotational flow separation. The hydrocyclone separation device is arranged near the water taking open channel, and efficient and stable floating body separation is achieved in a complex open channel flow field, so that ecological friendliness, high efficiency and safety in the operation process of the nuclear power station are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of water pumps and cyclone separation, and more specifically to a floating body separation and conveying device that enhances cyclone separation. Background Technology

[0002] With the combined effects of intensified global warming, eutrophication of nearshore waters, and frequent extreme hydrological events, floating organisms such as algae, kelp, water hyacinth, krill, and jellyfish are frequently experiencing explosive proliferation and aggregation, forming floating pollutants that can easily clog water intakes, threatening the normal operation of generating units and even ecological security. This problem is particularly prominent during periods of eutrophication or seasonal outbreaks of floating organisms.

[0003] Traditional methods for controlling floating objects mainly rely on manual cleaning, physical interception, and chemical spraying. However, these methods suffer from a series of problems, including being time-consuming and labor-intensive, complex to operate, having low capture efficiency, leaving chemical residues that damage the aquatic ecosystem, affecting downstream aquatic life, and causing secondary pollution to the environment during the cleaning process. Furthermore, traditional centrifugal separators are mostly installed inside water intake pipes, designed for low-concentration solid-liquid separation within closed pipes. Their separation efficiency for floating objects is less than 60%, and installation requires dismantling existing pipes, making maintenance difficult and potentially disrupting the normal operation of the water intake system.

[0004] In the field of fluid transport and separation, rotating jet technology has demonstrated unique advantages. As a core flow pattern in hydraulic equipment such as submersible mixers and thrusters, it can establish a stable axial flow field in large-scale water bodies through helical entrainment and momentum transport, thereby achieving water circulation, improving transport efficiency, and suppressing the formation of local sedimentation and stagnant water zones. Currently, this technology has been successfully applied in scenarios such as mixing in wastewater treatment ponds, water disturbance in regulating reservoirs, and circulation control in marine aquaculture systems, providing a reliable technical path for media transport in open flow fields. However, it has not yet been applied to the field of floating body separation in open intake channels.

[0005] Cyclone separation technology, with its advantages of compact structure, high separation efficiency, and no wear from moving parts, has been maturely applied in gas-liquid separation, solid-liquid separation, and other fields. Existing research shows that the centrifugal force generated by the cyclone field can drive dispersed phases, such as bubbles and particles, to converge towards the center or wall, forming a stable separation medium channel. By optimizing parameters such as the cyclone number and Reynolds number, efficient separation can be achieved. However, existing cyclone separation devices are designed for media separation within closed pipes and rarely consider the complex and open flow field characteristics affected by repeated near-channel flow and multiple influences from the main current within the channel, making them unsuitable for direct application in floating body separation scenarios.

[0006] In summary, the current technological system lacks both a device structure adaptable to complex open flow field environments and a gap in the integration of open flow field transport technology and efficient vortex separation technology, resulting in the long-standing unresolved issues of front-end interception and efficient separation of floating bodies. Therefore, the development of a vortex separation device optimized for scenarios such as open channels, integrating open flow field adaptability and efficient separation capabilities, has become an urgent need to ensure the safe operation of water intake open channels and mitigate ecological risks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device. By arranging the swirling separation device near the water intake open channel, efficient and stable floating body separation is achieved in the complex open channel flow field, thereby ensuring the eco-friendly and efficient safety of nuclear power plant operation. This provides key support for the eco-friendly development of nuclear power and water conservancy projects and has great potential for widespread application.

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0009] A device for enhancing swirling flow and separating and conveying floating bodies includes an inlet guide section, a swirling flow generating section, and a floating body collecting section connected along the water flow direction. The inlet guide section includes an inlet bell mouth and an axially adjustable telescopic joint. The swirling flow generating section includes a swirling cavity and a power component disposed within the swirling cavity for generating swirling flow. The floating body collecting section includes a floating body conveying and collecting unit disposed in the outlet region of the swirling cavity. The inlet of the floating body conveying and collecting unit is located in the outlet region of the swirling cavity, and a floating body capturing device is provided at the inlet of the floating body conveying and collecting unit for capturing floating bodies separated by the swirling flow.

[0010] Furthermore, when processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device is located in the region near the inner wall of the swirling chamber; when processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device is located in the region near the central axis of the swirling chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, when processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device includes a support cylinder and a support plate. The support cylinder is supported at the center of the outlet region of the swirling cavity by the support plate. The support plate is provided between the outer wall of the support cylinder and the inner wall of the swirling cavity. The support cylinder, the swirling cavity, and the support plate form an annular float conveying channel near the inner wall of the swirling cavity. The float conveying channel is connected to the inlet of the float conveying and collecting unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the gap L5 between the outer wall of the support cylinder and the inner wall of the vortex cavity satisfies: 0.2D1≤L5≤0.5D1; the inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder satisfies: 0.5D1≤D3≤0.9D1; where D1 is the inner diameter of the vortex cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, when processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device includes a support cylinder and a recovery impeller. The support cylinder is located at the center of the outlet region of the swirling cavity, and the inlet pipe of the float conveying and collecting unit extends into the swirling cavity and communicates with one end of the support cylinder. The recovery impeller is installed on the outer wall of the support cylinder for rectification. The inner cavity of the support cylinder is a float conveying channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder satisfies: 0.2D1≤D3≤0.5D1, where D1 is the inner diameter of the swirl chamber; the recovery impeller has several blades evenly distributed circumferentially, and the number of blades N3 of the recovery impeller satisfies: 4≤N3≤5; the blade deflection angle θ5 of the recovery impeller satisfies: 20°≤θ5<35°; the width L9 of the recovery impeller satisfies: 0.2D1≤L9≤2D1.

[0015] Furthermore, the axial distance L4 between the power component used to generate the swirling flow and the float capture device is ≥2D1, where D1 is the inner diameter of the swirling flow chamber; the power component is a turbulence impeller or a cross-flow pump; the power component is driven by an external power unit to generate the swirling flow.

[0016] Furthermore, the number of blades N3 on the stirring impeller satisfies: 2≤N1≤15; the blade deflection angle θ2 of the stirring impeller satisfies: 45°≤θ2≤60°; the width L3 of the stirring impeller satisfies: 0.2D1≤L3≤0.5D1; the number of blades N2 of the axial flow pump satisfies: 2≤N2≤15; and the blade deflection angle θ4 of the axial flow pump satisfies: 35°≤θ4≤60°.

[0017] Furthermore, when processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the swirl number S of the swirling field generated by the power component in the swirling chamber satisfies: 0.7 ≤ S ≤ 1.2; when processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the swirl number S of the swirling field generated by the power component in the swirling chamber satisfies: 1.2 ≤ S ≤ 1.7.

[0018] The swirl number S is determined by the structural parameters of the blades in the power unit, as follows:

[0019] ,

[0020] In the formula: ψ is the blocking coefficient, with a value range of 0.1 ≤ ψ ≤ 0.3; R n Let D1 be the inner diameter of the vortex, satisfying 0.2D1≤2R. n ≤0.4D1; R w R is the outer diameter of the vortex. w = D1 / 2;α w This represents the blade deflection angle.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotational speed n1 of the turbulence impeller or the axial flow pump satisfies the following requirements:

[0022] ,

[0023] In the formula, Rated speed; The kinematic viscosity of the fluid; Re is the water flow velocity; Re is the Reynolds number of the swirling flow field; k ρ This is a correction factor for the density of the floating body. When dealing with floating bodies whose density is greater than that of the mainstream liquid, 1.2 ≤ k. ρ ≤1.5; when handling floats with a density less than or equal to that of the main liquid, 0.8≤k ρ ≤1.1.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The enhanced vortex floating body separation and conveying device of the present invention, through a power component installed in the vortex chamber to generate vortex and a floating body conveying and collection unit installed in the outlet area of ​​the vortex chamber, can efficiently separate large floating bodies such as seaweed and water hyacinth, as well as small planktonic organisms such as shrimp and jellyfish. Furthermore, it captures the floating bodies through the floating body conveying and collection unit, rather than forcibly removing them, thus replacing chemical disinfection and avoiding secondary pollution. This reduces the negative impact of overfishing and manual removal on the aquatic ecological environment, ensures the integrity of the aquatic ecosystem, and promotes ecological balance and sustainable development.

[0026] 2. The enhanced vortex floating body separation and conveying device of the present invention achieves the effect of convenient installation and adaptation to different water levels and installation spaces without cutting or modifying existing water intake facilities by setting a large-angle inlet horn and an axially adjustable expansion joint in the inlet guide section. At the same time, it can smoothly guide and converge the incoming flow and floating body, reduce the impact of the inlet flow velocity, and create favorable inlet conditions for the formation of a stable vortex field downstream.

[0027] 3. The enhanced swirling float separation and conveying device of the present invention provides two modularly replaceable swirling power components, a turbulent impeller and a cross-flow pump, and combines two interchangeable end center structural components, a support center and a recovery impeller, to achieve a set of device hardware that can be flexibly configured to adapt to various complex working conditions, such as from low concentration to high concentration, from low disturbance to strong disturbance, and different separation requirements, such as from heavy animal floats to light plant floats, significantly expanding the applicability and scenario generalization capability of the device.

[0028] 4. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device of the present invention achieves a precise balance between the intensity of the swirling flow field, axial velocity, and energy loss by optimizing the design of the number and deflection angle of the blades of the power components (turbulent impeller, axial pump) and introducing a design formula and adaptation range for the swirling flow number S of the axial pump. This ensures that the generated swirling flow field is both strong enough to efficiently separate the floating body and smooth enough to ensure smooth conveying of the floating body and prevent local blockage.

[0029] 5. The enhanced vortex floating body separation and conveying device of the present invention achieves the effect of dividing and conquering floating bodies with opposite buoyancy characteristics and separating them in a directional manner by distinguishing and defining different device configurations and capture positions for floating bodies with densities greater than and less than those of the mainstream liquid. This fundamentally solves the technical problem that a single structure cannot efficiently handle both light and heavy floating bodies simultaneously, while allowing the main water flow after separation to flow back smoothly, minimizing disturbance to the main flow field at the intake and unnecessary water loss. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1-Inlet bell mouth; 2-Expansion joint; 3-Swirl chamber; 4-1-Agitator impeller; 4-2-Cross-flow pump; 5-Support cylinder; 6-Float conveying and collecting unit; 7-Recovery impeller; 8-Motor; 9-Support plate; 6-Float conveying and collecting unit; 6-1-Inlet pipe; 6-2-Conveying pipe; 6-3-Density sensing module; 6-4-Pump. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, the enhanced swirling float separation and conveying device of the present invention includes an inlet guide section, a swirling generation section, and a float collection section connected along the water flow direction. The inlet guide section includes an inlet bell mouth 1 and an axially adjustable telescopic joint 2. The swirling generation section includes a swirling cavity 3 and a power component disposed within the swirling cavity 3 for generating swirling current. The float collection section includes a float conveying and collecting unit 6 disposed in the outlet region of the swirling cavity 3. The inlet of the float conveying and collecting unit 6 is located in the outlet region of the swirling cavity 3, and a float capturing device is provided at the inlet of the float conveying and collecting unit 6 for capturing the floats separated by the swirling current. When processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the float capturing device is disposed near the inner wall of the swirling cavity 3; when processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the float capturing device is disposed near the central axis of the swirling cavity 3. The present invention generates swirling current in the swirling cavity 3 through the power component, which can efficiently separate floats from water, and then use the float conveying and collecting unit to capture the floats. This invention achieves the effect of dividing and conquering, and directionally separating floats with opposite buoyancy characteristics by distinguishing and defining different device configurations and capture positions for floats with densities greater than and less than those of the mainstream liquid.

[0041] The devices in Examples 1 and 2 are suitable for processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, while the devices in Examples 3 and 4 are suitable for processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid. The mainstream liquid in these examples is seawater, which has a density of 1.025 g / cm³ at 20°C. Floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid are those with a density ρ1 > 1.025 g / cm³ at 20°C, including but not limited to krill, prawns, some jellyfish, and small shellfish larvae. Floats with a density less than that of the mainstream liquid are those with a density ρ2 ≤ 1.025 g / cm³ at 20°C, including but not limited to seaweed, kelp, water hyacinth, and duckweed. This serves as a clear boundary to distinguish floats with different buoyancy characteristics.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, in the open flow field at the front end of the water intake of the open channel, at least one set of floating body separation and conveying devices for enhancing vortex flow as described in Example 1 are arranged at intervals along the width of the open channel and are horizontal to the direction of water flow. These devices are used to guide the water flow and floating bodies to enter the device naturally, reduce the impact of water flow that causes turbulence in the vortex field, form a stable vortex field, and at the same time form a vortex field covering the width of the open channel to avoid local floating body leakage.

[0044] The enhanced vortex floating body separation and conveying device includes an inlet guide section, a vortex generating section, and a floating body collecting section connected along the water flow direction. The inlet guide section includes an inlet funnel 1 and an axially adjustable telescopic joint 2. The angle θ1 of the funnel 1 at the inlet is ≥90°, expanding the collection range and reducing the inlet flow velocity to efficiently collect floating bodies into the device. The telescopic joint 2 is located at the front end of the inlet guide section of the vortex chamber 3. The adjustable length L1 of the telescopic joint 2 is ±100mm≤L1≤±500mm, used to adjust the axial length of the device within a certain range according to the specific site conditions, ensuring stable operation of the device under different site conditions.

[0045] The vortex generating section includes a vortex cavity 3 and a power component installed within the vortex cavity 3 to generate vortices. The inner diameter D1 of the vortex cavity 3 is determined based on a calculation that links the design flow rate Q at the water intake and the design flow velocity v1 inside the vortex cavity. The size of D1 directly determines the intensity of the vortex field. If Q and v1 are not linked, D1 will be too large and v1 will be too low, making it impossible to form a stable and strong vortex, and the floats will not be able to effectively converge. If D1 is too small and v1 is too high, the water flow energy loss will be large, and the floats will easily clog the channel. Therefore, precise matching of Q and v1 ensures that the intensity of the vortex field meets the separation requirements. In addition, the inner diameter of the vortex cavity 3 is adapted to the inner diameter of the expansion joint 2. The axial length of the vortex cavity 3 is designed to be L2 > 2D1 to ensure that the water flow forms a complete and stable vortex field within the cavity, allowing the floats to separate fully, which is a necessary spatial condition for vortex separation.

[0046] The floating body capture device includes a support cylinder 5 and a support plate 9. The support cylinder 5 is supported at the center of the outlet region of the vortex cavity 3 by the support plate 9. The support plate 9 is provided between the outer wall of the support cylinder 5 and the inner wall of the vortex cavity 3. The support cylinder 5, the vortex cavity 3, and the support plate 9 form an annular floating body conveying channel near the inner wall of the vortex cavity 3. The floating body conveying channel is connected to the inlet of the floating body conveying and collecting unit 6. The gap L5 between the outer wall of the support cylinder 5 and the inner wall of the vortex cavity 3 satisfies: 0.2D1≤L5≤0.5D1, ensuring that the floating body can pass smoothly into the floating body conveying and collecting unit 6. If the gap L5 is too small, large-diameter floating bodies cannot pass smoothly and are prone to blockage at the gap. If the gap L5 is too large, the fixed stability of the support cylinder 5 decreases, it is prone to vibration during operation, and it will interfere with the radial pressure gradient of the vortex field, causing the floating body convergence direction to deviate and the separation efficiency to decrease. The inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder 5 satisfies: 0.5D1≤D3≤0.9D1, which ensures both the passage of floating bodies and the stability of the structure. Where D1 is the inner diameter of the vortex cavity 3.

[0047] The axial distance L4 between the power component used to generate the swirling flow and the float capture device is ≥2D1, ensuring that the turbulent floats have a certain axial distance to accelerate and converge in the swirling flow field. The power component is a turbulence impeller 4-1, which generates the swirling flow by being driven by an external power unit. The number of blades N3 on the turbulence impeller 4-1 satisfies: 2≤N1≤15, achieving a balance between swirling flow intensity, water flow resistance, and anti-clogging. The blade deflection angle θ2 of the turbulence impeller 4-1 satisfies: 45°≤θ2≤60°, precisely controlling the balance between swirling flow intensity and axial flow velocity, ensuring a uniform swirling flow field and smooth float transport, and preventing floats from depositing in the middle section of the swirling cavity 3. The width L3 of the turbulence impeller 4-1 satisfies: 0.2D1≤L3≤0.5D1, balancing the impeller installation requirements with the uniformity of the swirling flow field.

[0048] The floating body conveying and collecting unit 6 includes an inlet pipe 6-1, a conveying pipe 6-2, a density sensing module 6-3, and a pump 6-4. The inlet pipe 6-1 is connected to the floating body conveying channel, and the inlet pipe 6-1 is connected to the pump 6-4 via the conveying pipe 6-2. The pump 6-4 is connected to the motor 8. The diameter D2 of the inlet pipe 6-1 satisfies the condition: 0.2D1≤D2≤0.5D1. The radial pressure gradient generated by the swirling flow field drives the floating body to converge and enter the inlet pipe 6-1, balancing collection efficiency, anti-clogging, and water return requirements. If the orifice or pipe diameter is too small, the floating body easily clogs the channel, and the suction resistance is high, increasing energy consumption. If the orifice or pipe diameter is too large, the radial pressure gradient generated by the swirling flow field is insufficient to drive the floating body to converge, and it will lead to a large amount of water loss, disrupting the water return balance. The length and other arrangements of the conveying pipe 6-2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual site conditions to improve the site adaptability of the device. The density sensing module 6-4 is built into the delivery pipe 6-2 and can detect the density characteristics of the floating body in real time with a response time of less than 0.3 seconds.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, based on Example 1, the power component in Example 2 is a cross-flow pump 4-2, which generates swirling flow by being driven by an external power unit. The turbulence impeller 4-1 is suitable for low-to-medium intensity swirling flow requirements, while the cross-flow pump 4-2 provides stronger driving force, adapting to conditions with high float concentration and complex flow fields. The cross-flow pump 4-2 directly drives the float and water flow through impeller rotation. The number of blades is designed to be 2≤N2≤15, evenly distributed circumferentially to balance swirling flow intensity and operational stability. Too little N2 results in insufficient swirling flow intensity, while too much N2 leads to high resistance and easy clogging. The blade deflection angle θ4 of the cross-flow pump 4-2 satisfies: 35°≤θ4≤60°. A smaller angle results in weak swirling flow intensity and an unstable swirling flow field, while a larger angle leads to excessively strong swirling flow, resulting in high energy loss and easy damage to the float by impacting the cavity wall.

[0051] The distance between the central axis of the cross-flow pump 4-2 and the upper edge of the base is set to D1≤L6≤1.5D1 to ensure that the cross-flow pump covers the main floating body accumulation area; the distance between the central axis and the bottom edge of the base is set to 2D1≤L7≤4D1 to balance structural stability and installation compatibility; the width range of the bottom of the cross-flow pump 4-2 on the base is D1≤L8≤2D1 to ensure stable support and not affect the water flow.

[0052] Working principles of Examples 1 and 2:

[0053] The water flow in the open channel carries the float forward. The large-angle bell-shaped inlet 1 at the device inlet first guides and initially converges the incoming flow, reducing its velocity and allowing the float to enter smoothly. The subsequent expansion joint 2 allows for fine-tuning of the device length according to on-site installation conditions, ensuring optimal water intake connection. The water flows into the vortex chamber 3, where an external power unit drives the turbulence impeller 4-1 or the axial flow pump 4-2 to rotate. The impeller blades cut the water flow at a specific deflection angle, imparting a strong tangential velocity component, thus forming a stable and powerful rotating flow field within the vortex chamber 3. Through structural parameter design (such as the number of blades and the number of vortices S), the strength (centrifugal force) of this vortex field is ensured to be sufficient to effectively separate the heavy float.

[0054] In the swirling flow field, floating bodies with a density greater than seawater are subjected to a significant centrifugal force. This centrifugal force is much greater than the radial component of buoyancy and water flow drag, driving these heavy floating bodies to continuously move radially outward (i.e., towards the inner wall of the swirling cavity 3). Simultaneously, the water flow continues to advance axially, causing the floating bodies to move axially towards the outlet as they migrate outward. The center of the outlet region of the swirling cavity 3 in the support cylinder 5 does not impede the movement of the heavy floating bodies towards the wall; on the contrary, the annular gap formed between its outer wall and the inner wall of the cavity clearly defines the flow channel for the enrichment and transport of floating bodies.

[0055] The enriched floating body flow, migrating to the annular floating body conveying channel, arrives at the inlet of the floating body conveying and collecting unit 6 with the water flow. The radial pressure gradient generated by the swirling flow, combined with the suction force generated by pump 6-4, efficiently draws the high-concentration floating body-water mixture into the conveying pipe 6-2. The density sensing module 6-3 monitors the density of the substance in the pipe in real time. After confirming that it is a heavy floating body, it can provide a feedback signal to maintain or enhance the current swirling flow intensity. The floating body is finally pumped by pump 6-4 to the designated treatment point.

[0056] After most of the heavy floating body is separated, the rotational kinetic energy of the main water flow is dissipated through the inner hole of the support cylinder 5 and discharged from the tail of the device in a relatively smooth flow state, and then flows back into the downstream open channel, realizing the circulation and return of the water body, and with little disturbance to the main flow field.

[0057] Examples 3 and 4

[0058] like Figure 3As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the floating body capture device of Embodiment 3 includes a support cylinder 5 and a recovery impeller 7; as Figure 4 As shown, based on Example 2, the floating body capture device of Example 4 includes a support cylinder 5 and a recovery impeller 7;

[0059] The support cylinder 5 is located at the center of the outlet area of ​​the vortex cavity 3. The inlet pipe of the floating body conveying and collecting unit 6 extends into the vortex cavity 3 and is connected to one end of the support cylinder 5. A recovery impeller 7 is installed on the outer wall of the support cylinder 5 to rectify the backflow and reduce the disturbance of the backflow to the main flow field of the open channel. The inner cavity of the support cylinder 5 is a floating body conveying channel. The inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder 5 satisfies: 0.2D1≤D3≤0.5D1. At this time, the inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder 5 is the same as the inner diameter of the inlet pipe 6-1. The recovery impeller 7 has several blades evenly distributed around its circumference. The number of blades N3 of the recovery impeller 7 satisfies: 4≤N3≤5. The blade deflection angle θ5 of the recovery impeller 7 satisfies: 20°≤θ5<35°. The width L9 of the recovery impeller 7 satisfies: 0.2D1≤L9≤2D1. This ensures the rectification effect without affecting the separation of the floating body. If the width is too small, the rectification space will be insufficient and the effect will be poor. If the width is too large, it will occupy too much space and compress the floating body collection area. The blade deflection angle of the recovery impeller 7 is smaller than that of the blade deflection angle of the turbulence impeller 4-1 or the axial flow pump 4-2, thus playing a role in stabilizing the flow.

[0060] Working principles of Examples 3 and 4:

[0061] The water flow in the open channel carries the float forward. The large-angle funnel 1 at the device inlet first guides and initially converges the incoming flow, reducing the velocity and allowing the float to enter smoothly. The subsequent expansion joint 2 allows for fine-tuning of the device length according to on-site installation conditions, ensuring optimal water inlet connection. The water flows into the vortex chamber 3, where an external power unit drives the turbulence impeller 4-1 or the axial flow pump 4-2 to rotate. The impeller blades cut the water flow at a specific deflection angle, imparting a strong tangential velocity component, thus forming a stable and powerful rotating flow field within the vortex chamber 3. However, a key difference from embodiments 1 and 2 is that, for lightweight floats, the vortex intensity (vortex number S) needs to be controlled within a relatively low suitable range (0.7 ≤ S ≤ 1.2). This is achieved by adjusting the blade angle or motor speed, aiming to generate a moderate centrifugal force that allows the lightweight float to move relative to the water flow without excessively throwing it against the wall. In a swirling flow field, floating bodies with a density less than water (such as seaweed) experience centripetal buoyancy (similar to negative buoyancy in a centrifugal force field). Under the combined effect of a moderate swirling centrifugal force field and their own buoyancy, these lightweight floating bodies tend to migrate and converge towards the low-pressure area at the center of the rotation axis. The recovery impeller 7 is a fixed impeller with a small blade angle, primarily used to rectify the water flow from the upstream swirling flow field, which still carries a rotational component, converting some of the rotational kinetic energy into pressure energy and making the axial flow of the water more uniform. The lightweight floating bodies converge into a high-concentration stream in the central region of the swirling flow. The inlet pipe 6-1 of the floating body conveying and collecting unit 6 extends into the swirling cavity 3 and connects to one end of the support cylinder 5, while the other end of the support cylinder 5 corresponds to the convergence center. The suction force generated by the pump 6-4 efficiently captures this concentrated stream of floating bodies and draws it into the conveying pipe 6-2. After the density sensing module 6-3 identifies the lightweight floating bodies, it can provide feedback signals to maintain or fine-tune the current swirling intensity to a suitable range. After being rectified by impeller 7, the rotational component of the water flow is greatly reduced, and it flows out from the tail of the device in a stable, low-turbulence flow state that is almost perpendicular to the axis. This steady-flow recirculation minimizes the impact and disturbance to the main flow of the open channel, demonstrating the eco-friendly nature of the device.

[0062] In Examples 1 to 4, when processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the swirl number S of the swirling field generated by the power component in the swirling chamber 3 satisfies: 0.7 ≤ S ≤ 1.2; when processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the swirl number S of the swirling field generated by the power component in the swirling chamber 3 satisfies: 1.2 ≤ S ≤ 1.7.

[0063] The swirl number S is determined by the structural parameters of the blades in the power unit, as follows:

[0064] ,

[0065] In the formula: ψ is the blocking coefficient, with a value range of 0.1 ≤ ψ ≤ 0.3; Rn Let D1 be the inner diameter of the vortex, referring to the radius of the outer boundary of the central non-vortex region, satisfying 0.2D1≤2R. n ≤0.4 D1, ensuring smooth passage of the float and complete swirling flow field; R w R is the outer diameter of the vortex. w = D1 / 2;α w α represents the blade deflection angle. w It is a key factor in controlling the swirl number S within the stable range.

[0066] The rotational speed n1 of the stirring impeller 4-1 or the axial flow pump 4-2 meets the following requirements:

[0067] ,

[0068] In the formula, k is a comprehensive coefficient, the value of which is determined by the structure of the device and includes the conversion relationship from angular velocity to rotational speed; The kinematic viscosity of the fluid is given by the fluid at 20°C. (Fresh water) =1.004×10 -6 m 2 / s, seawater =1.05×10 -6 m 2 / s; denoted as the water flow velocity; Re is the Reynolds number of the swirling flow field, with a value ranging from 3.5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 ≤Re≤1.2×10 5 ;k ρ This is a correction factor for the buoyancy density. When the buoyancy density ρ1 > 1.025 g / cm³, 1.2 ≤ k. ρ ≤1.5, because a larger centrifugal force is required, increasing the rotation speed to enhance the vortex; when the density of the floating body ρ2≤1.025g / cm³, 0.8≤k ρ ≤1.1, at this point, moderate centrifugal force is required to avoid excessive swirling that could cause the float to escape.

[0069] The density sensing module 6-3 can identify the density type of the float entering the pipe in real time and feed back the signal to the frequency converter of the power unit to realize dynamic fine adjustment of the speed of the stirring impeller 4-1 or the cross-flow pump 4-2, so as to ensure the continuous and efficient convergence of floats with different densities; the density sensing module 6-3 has a detection response time T1≤0.3s, which realizes rapid response, ensures timely regulation, and guarantees stable separation efficiency.

[0070] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0071] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific illustrations of feasible embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating body separation and conveying device for enhancing swirling currents, characterized in that, It includes an inlet guide section, a vortex generating section, and a float collection section connected along the water flow direction; the inlet guide section includes an inlet bell mouth (1) and an axially adjustable telescopic joint (2); the vortex generating section includes a vortex chamber (3) and a power component installed in the vortex chamber (3) for generating vortex; the float collection section includes a float conveying and collecting unit (6) installed in the outlet area of ​​the vortex chamber (3); the inlet of the float conveying and collecting unit (6) is located in the outlet area of ​​the vortex chamber (3), and the inlet of the float conveying and collecting unit (6) is provided with a float capturing device for capturing floats separated by the vortex.

2. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device is located in the area near the inner wall of the swirling chamber (3); when processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device is located in the area near the central axis of the swirling chamber (3).

3. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device includes a support cylinder (5) and a support plate (9). The support cylinder (5) is supported by the support plate (9) at the center of the outlet area of ​​the swirling cavity (3). The support plate (9) is provided between the outer wall of the support cylinder (5) and the inner wall of the swirling cavity (3). The support cylinder (5), the swirling cavity (3) and the support plate (9) form an annular float conveying channel near the inner wall of the swirling cavity (3). The float conveying channel is connected to the inlet of the float conveying and collecting unit (6).

4. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gap L5 between the outer wall of the support cylinder (5) and the inner wall of the vortex cavity (3) satisfies: 0.2D1≤L5≤0.5D1; the inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder (5) satisfies: 0.5D1≤D3≤0.9D1; where D1 is the inner diameter of the vortex cavity (3).

5. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the float capture device includes a support cylinder (5) and a recovery impeller (7). The support cylinder (5) is located at the center of the outlet area of ​​the swirling chamber (3). The inlet pipe of the float conveying and collecting unit (6) extends into the swirling chamber (3) and is connected to one end of the support cylinder (5). The recovery impeller (7) is installed on the outer wall of the support cylinder (5) for rectification. The inner cavity of the support cylinder (5) is a float conveying channel.

6. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter D3 of the support cylinder (5) satisfies: 0.2D1≤D3≤0.5D1, where D1 is the inner diameter of the swirl chamber (3); the recovery impeller (7) has several blades evenly distributed around its circumference, and the number of blades N3 of the recovery impeller (7) satisfies: 4≤N3≤5; the blade deflection angle θ5 of the recovery impeller (7) satisfies: 20°≤θ5<35°; the width L9 of the recovery impeller (7) satisfies: 0.2D1≤L9≤2D1.

7. The enhanced swirling floating body separation and conveying device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The axial distance L4 between the power component used to generate the swirling flow and the floating body capture device is greater than or equal to 2D1, where D1 is the inner diameter of the swirling flow chamber (3); the power component is a turbulence impeller (4-1) or a cross-flow pump (4-2); the power component is driven by an external power unit to generate the swirling flow.

8. The enhanced swirling float separation and conveying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of blades N3 on the stirring impeller (4-1) satisfies: 2≤N1≤15; the blade deflection angle θ2 of the stirring impeller (4-1) satisfies: 45°≤θ2≤60°; the width L3 of the stirring impeller (4-1) satisfies: 0.2D1≤L3≤0.5D1; the number of blades N2 of the axial flow pump (4-2) satisfies: 2≤N2≤15; the blade deflection angle θ4 of the axial flow pump (4-2) satisfies: 35°≤θ4≤60°.

9. The enhanced vortex floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, When processing floats with a density less than or equal to that of the mainstream liquid, the swirling number S of the swirling field generated by the power component in the swirling chamber (3) satisfies: 0.7 ≤ S ≤ 1.2; when processing floats with a density greater than that of the mainstream liquid, the swirling number S of the swirling field generated by the power component in the swirling chamber (3) satisfies: 1.2 ≤ S ≤ 1.7; The swirl number S is determined by the structural parameters of the blades in the power unit, as follows: ， In the formula: ψ is the blocking coefficient, with a value range of 0.1 ≤ ψ ≤ 0.3; R n Let D1 be the inner diameter of the vortex, satisfying 0.2D1≤2R. n ≤0.4 D1; R w R is the outer diameter of the vortex. w = D1 / 2;α w This represents the blade deflection angle.

10. The enhanced vortex floating body separation and conveying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotational speed n1 of the stirring impeller (4-1) or the axial flow pump (4-2) meets the following requirements: ， In the formula, Rated speed; The kinematic viscosity of the fluid; Re is the water flow velocity; Re is the Reynolds number of the swirling flow field; k ρ This is a correction factor for the density of the floating body. When dealing with floating bodies whose density is greater than that of the mainstream liquid, 1.2 ≤ k. ρ ≤1.5; when handling floats with a density less than or equal to that of the main liquid, 0.8≤k ρ ≤1.1.

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