Three-dimensional surrounding type dust control method and system based on airflow organization

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust prevention and control, and relates to a three-dimensional surrounding type dust control method and system based on airflow organization, and the method comprises the following steps: sensing the working state and dust concentration of a roller of a coal mining machine in real time; predicting dust generation intensity, position and diffusion trend based on the sensing data; calculating air curtain parameters according to the prediction result, wherein the air curtain parameters comprise air pressure, air volume, air outlet speed and angle; a three-dimensional surrounding type air curtain with the air curtain parameters is generated through a micro air chamber generator arranged on the outer side of the coal mining machine roller, a three-dimensional air hood is formed, and dust is sealed in a preset area; and the dust control effect is continuously monitored, air curtain parameters are dynamically adjusted according to feedback, and closed-loop control is achieved. According to the invention, a'pneumatic barrier 'formed by high-speed clean airflow is constructed around the roller of the coal mining machine, so that active isolation and sealing of a dust source are realized, the dust source is guided to move towards a directional dust suction pipeline, and compared with a traditional spraying technology, water consumption and coal slime burden are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine dust control technology, and relates to a three-dimensional enveloping dust control method and system based on airflow organization. Background Technology

[0002] During the production process of fully mechanized coal mining faces, the cutting of the coal face by the coal mining machine drum is the main source of dust, which generates a large amount of high-concentration dust, especially respirable dust, posing a serious threat to underground safety and the health of miners.

[0003] Currently, dust control at fully mechanized coal mining faces mainly relies on passive technologies such as coal seam water injection, internal and external spraying of the coal mining machine, and dust collection and purification using dust collectors. However, these existing technologies have significant shortcomings in practical applications, primarily in the following aspects: First, traditional spray dust suppression technology consumes a large amount of water, limiting its application in water-scarce mining areas and increasing the burden on mine slurry water treatment systems. More importantly, the droplet size generated by traditional sprays is relatively large, which is incompatible with the dynamic characteristics of fine dust, resulting in low collection efficiency for respirable dust and low dust suppression efficiency. Furthermore, improper spraying can disrupt the airflow field at the working face, actually promoting dust diffusion. Under conditions of high air supply in fully mechanized mining faces, the capture range is limited, and dust can easily escape the effective capture range the moment it is generated, leading to unsatisfactory dust removal results.

[0004] Therefore, given that existing passive dust control technologies are insufficient to effectively contain and proactively intervene in dust sources, there is an urgent need for a new type of dust control device and method that can proactively intervene and suppress dust diffusion at its source. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional enveloping dust control method and system based on airflow organization. Around the dust source (coal mining machine drum), an invisible "aerodynamic barrier" is constructed using high-speed clean airflow to enclose the dust in a preset settling zone, realizing a fundamental shift from "passive treatment" to "active isolation", effectively sealing off and proactively intervening in the dust source.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A three-dimensional, enveloping dust control method based on airflow organization includes the following steps: Real-time monitoring of the working status and dust concentration of the coal mining machine drum; Predicting dust generation intensity, location, and diffusion trends based on sensor data; Calculate the air curtain parameters based on the prediction results, including wind pressure, air volume, air outlet velocity, and angle. A three-dimensional enveloping air curtain is generated by a micro air chamber generator arranged on the outside of the coal mining machine drum, forming a three-dimensional air hood that seals the dust within a preset area. Continuously monitor the dust control effect and dynamically adjust the air curtain parameters based on feedback to achieve closed-loop control.

[0007] Furthermore, the real-time sensing includes using a dust concentration sensor to monitor the dust concentration inside and outside the dust control zone, a drum attitude sensor to monitor the drum's cutting speed, depth, and pitch angle, and a machine vision unit to capture the drum's working status and dust images.

[0008] Furthermore, both the dust concentration sensor and the drum attitude sensor are arranged on the side of the hydraulic support closer to the coal mining machine.

[0009] Furthermore, the machine vision unit is arranged on the body of the coal mining machine.

[0010] Furthermore, the prediction of dust generation intensity, location, and diffusion trend is achieved through a dynamic dust source intensity prediction model, which combines roller posture and historical data for prediction.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation of air curtain parameters is achieved by querying the air curtain parameter-dust control effect mapping database to determine the parameter combination.

[0012] Furthermore, the generation of the three-dimensional enveloping air curtain includes the coordinated operation of a micro-air chamber circumferential generator and an axial generator to form a fully enclosed three-dimensional air hood, wherein the air outlet of the micro-air chamber circumferential generator circulates along the surface of the roller, and the micro-air chamber axial generator covers both ends of the roller.

[0013] Furthermore, the micro air chamber generator uses a Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle to inject airflow, thereby amplifying the airflow and achieving quasi-wall-attached flow, with the air curtain close to the surface of the drum by 3-5 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, a spiral vortex flow field is formed inside the three-dimensional air hood, which guides the dust to move towards the directional dust extraction pipe arranged at the end of the coal mining machine drum away from the coal wall, promoting the settling of large dust particles and the capture of fine dust particles.

[0015] Furthermore, a dust cover is provided on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine and fitted onto the outside of the coal mining machine drum, and the micro air chamber generators are all installed on the dust cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the directional dust extraction pipe is connected to the center of the drum dust cover and is arranged at the end of the coal mining machine drum away from the coal wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the other end of the directional dust extraction pipe is connected to a dust extraction and purification device to purify the dust.

[0018] Furthermore, the three-dimensional air hood achieves dust interception, dust movement guidance, and dust settling and capture through wind speed gradient control, wherein the inner negative pressure wind speed is 8-12 m / s and the outer positive pressure wind speed is 5-7 m / s.

[0019] Furthermore, after the coal mining machine finishes operation, keep the miniature gas chamber generator and dust extraction and purification device running for 5-10 minutes to clean up residual dust.

[0020] Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment includes comparing the actual dust concentration with a set threshold; if the concentration is higher than the threshold, the wind pressure is increased or the angle is adjusted to form adaptive control.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a three-dimensional enveloping dust control system based on airflow organization, comprising: The intelligent sensing module is used to sense the working status and dust concentration of the coal mining machine drum in real time; The central control module is used to predict dust generation based on sensing data, calculate air curtain parameters, and output control signals. The air curtain execution module is used to generate a three-dimensional enveloping air curtain according to the control signal, forming a three-dimensional air hood to seal the dust in a preset area. The central control module includes an air curtain dynamic control algorithm to achieve prediction, decision-making, execution, and feedback optimization.

[0022] Furthermore, the intelligent sensing module includes a dust concentration sensor, a drum attitude sensor, and a machine vision unit. The dust concentration sensor and the drum attitude sensor are both arranged on the side of the hydraulic support close to the coal mining machine; the machine vision unit is arranged on the body of the coal mining machine.

[0023] Furthermore, the air curtain execution module includes a micro air chamber circumferential generator and a micro air chamber axial generator, which are arranged on the circumference of the roller dust cover to form a fully enclosed three-dimensional air cover. The dust cover is arranged on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine and sleeved on the outside of the coal mining machine drum.

[0024] Furthermore, the roller dust cover includes a downwind roller dust cover and an upwind roller dust cover, which correspond to the downwind roller and upwind roller of the coal mining machine, respectively, and are connected to a directional dust extraction pipe to a dust extraction and purification device.

[0025] Furthermore, the airflow injection direction of the micro air chamber circumferential generator is at an angle of 15-30° to the tangent of the coal mining machine drum, and the airflow circulates along the surface of the coal mining machine drum to form an "annular closed layer"; The airflow jet direction of the micro air chamber axial generator is perpendicular to the axis of the coal mining machine drum, and the air outlet covers both ends of the drum, forming an "end face sealing layer".

[0026] Furthermore, the micro air chamber generator includes a pressure-stabilizing chamber and an angle-adjustable Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle for adjusting the air volume, angle, and achieving quasi-wall adhesion characteristics.

[0027] Furthermore, the micro gas chamber generator is also used for an ejector valve for adjusting the pressure and airflow of the pressure stabilizing chamber, and a stepper motor for adjusting the airflow injection angle of the Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle.

[0028] Furthermore, the air curtain dynamic control algorithm includes initial sensing, dust source intensity prediction, parameter decision calculation, execution control, and effect evaluation and optimization, forming a closed-loop feedback.

[0029] Furthermore, the dust source intensity prediction is based on the roller posture and historical data, and the parameter decision calculation determines the parameter combination by querying the air curtain parameter-dust control effect mapping database.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes a micro-chamber controller for preheating the micro-chamber generator and maintaining airflow before and after operation to remove residual dust.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a three-dimensional, enveloping dust control method and system based on airflow organization. By constructing a "pneumatic barrier" around the coal mining machine drum to form a high-speed, clean airflow, it achieves active isolation and containment of dust sources. The core of this technical solution lies in the intelligent sensing module's real-time monitoring of drum posture, dust concentration, and environmental information. Combined with a dynamic prediction model, it predicts the intensity of the dust source and optimizes air curtain parameters (such as air pressure, air volume, outlet velocity, and angle) through a central control module to generate a fully enclosed three-dimensional air hood. This not only suppresses dust diffusion but also guides it towards the directional dust extraction duct, promoting the settling of large particles and the capture of small particles, significantly improving dust control efficiency. Compared to traditional spray technology, it reduces water consumption and coal slime burden.

[0032] Secondly, the system employs a combination of circumferential and axial generators in a micro-chamber, utilizing a Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle to amplify airflow and achieve quasi-wall-attached flow. The air curtain adheres to the drum surface 3-5 cm, forming a spiral vortex flow field. This design ensures comprehensive containment of the dust source without blind spots, while wind speed gradient control (8-12 m / s negative pressure on the inner side, 5-7 m / s positive pressure on the outer side) intercepts external airflow intrusion, preventing interference with cutting operations. A closed-loop feedback mechanism continuously monitors the effect and adaptively adjusts parameters, enabling the system to adapt to dynamic operating conditions, improving coal mine safety and reducing the threat of respirable dust to miners' health.

[0033] Finally, this invention shifts from passive management to active intervention, making it suitable for water-scarce mining areas and complex fully mechanized mining faces, and easily integrated with existing equipment. Through preheating and post-cleaning functions, it ensures thorough removal of residual dust, resulting in a more stable and reliable overall dust control effect. This solution not only improves dust suppression efficiency but also reduces maintenance costs, providing an innovative approach to coal mine dust control.

[0034] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a front view of a three-dimensional enveloping dust control system based on airflow organization in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is a left view of a three-dimensional enveloping dust control system based on airflow organization in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is a top view of a three-dimensional enveloping dust control system based on airflow organization in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the logic flow of the dynamic control algorithm for the air curtain in the embodiment.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1-Hydraulic support; 2-Coal mining machine; 3-Downwind drum of coal mining machine; 4-Upwind drum of coal mining machine; 5-Dust concentration sensor; 6-Drum attitude sensor; 7-Downwind drum dust cover; 8-Upwind drum dust cover; 9-Dust extraction and purification device; 10-Upwind directional dust extraction pipe; 11-Downwind directional dust extraction pipe; 12-Miniature air chamber circumferential generator; 13-Miniature air chamber axial generator; 14-Downwind machine vision unit; 15-Upwind machine vision unit; 16-Upwind miniature air chamber controller; 17-Downwind miniature air chamber controller. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0038] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1 This embodiment provides a three-dimensional, enveloping dust control method and system based on airflow organization, applied to dust control of the dust source from the coal mining machine drum in a fully mechanized coal mining face. Specifically, the method includes the following steps: First, the system monitors the working status and dust concentration of the coal mining machine drum in real time. Specifically, a dust concentration sensor 5 monitors the dust concentration inside and outside the dust control zone, a drum attitude sensor 6 monitors the drum's cutting speed, depth, and pitch angle, and machine vision units (including a downwind machine vision unit 14 and an upwind machine vision unit 15) capture the drum's working status and dust images. The dust concentration sensor 5 and drum attitude sensor 6 are both located on the side of the hydraulic support 1 closest to the coal mining machine 2, while the machine vision units are mounted on the body of the coal mining machine 2. Through these sensors and units, the system collects multi-source data, including drum attitude, ambient dust concentration, and visual signals such as dust images captured by cameras and the drum's working status, thereby comprehensively perceiving the source of dust generation and the current environmental conditions.

[0041] Secondly, the intensity, location, and diffusion trend of dust generation are predicted based on sensing data. Specifically, this is achieved through a dynamic dust source intensity prediction model, which combines drum posture and historical data for short-term prediction. The collected data is fed into this model, and combined with the current drum posture and historical operating data, the intensity, location, and diffusion trend of dust generation in the near future are predicted, realizing a shift from passive response to proactive prediction.

[0042] Then, the air curtain parameters, including air pressure, air volume, outlet velocity, and angle, are calculated based on the prediction results. Specifically, the parameter combination is determined by querying the air curtain parameter-dust control effect mapping database. This database stores the correspondence between air curtain parameters and the final dust control effect under different operating conditions (such as different cutting intensities and wind velocities). By querying, the air curtain parameter combination that achieves the best dust control effect under the current conditions is calculated.

[0043] Next, a three-dimensional enveloping air curtain is generated using micro-air chamber generators arranged on the outside of the coal mining machine drum, forming a three-dimensional air hood that seals the dust within a predetermined area. Specifically, the micro-air chamber circumferential generator 12 and the micro-air chamber axial generator 13 work together to form a fully enclosed three-dimensional air hood. The airflow injection direction of the micro-air chamber circumferential generator 12 is at a 15-30° angle to the tangent of the coal mining machine drum, and the exhaust air circulates along the surface of the coal mining machine drum, forming an annular sealing layer. The airflow injection direction of the micro-air chamber axial generator 13 is perpendicular to the axis of the coal mining machine drum, and the exhaust air covers both ends of the drum, forming an end-face sealing layer. The micro-air chamber generators use Venturi-Coanda composite nozzles for airflow injection, achieving airflow amplification and quasi-wall-attached flow, with the air curtain close to the drum surface by 3-5 cm. The three-dimensional air hood forms a spiral vortex flow field inside, guiding dust towards the directional dust extraction pipes (including the upwind directional dust extraction pipe 10 and the downwind directional dust extraction pipe 11) located at the end of the coal mining machine drum away from the coal wall, promoting the settling of large dust particles and the capture of fine dust particles. Dust hoods (including the downwind drum dust hood 7 and the upwind drum dust hood 8) are installed on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine 2, fitted onto the outside of the drum. Miniature air chamber generators are mounted on these dust hoods. The directional dust extraction pipes are connected to the center of the dust hoods, positioned at the end of the coal mining machine drum away from the coal wall, with the other end connected to a dust extraction and purification device 9 to purify the dust. The three-dimensional air hood uses wind speed gradient control to intercept dust diffusion, guide dust movement, and promote settling and capture. The inner negative pressure wind speed is 8-12 m / s, and the outer positive pressure wind speed is 5-7 m / s.

[0044] Finally, the dust control effect is continuously monitored, and the air curtain parameters are dynamically adjusted based on feedback to achieve closed-loop control. Specifically, the actual dust concentration is compared with the set threshold; if it exceeds the threshold, the air pressure is increased or the angle is adjusted to form adaptive control. After the coal mining machine operation is completed, the micro-air chamber generator and dust extraction and purification device are kept running for 5-10 minutes to remove residual dust.

[0045] The system corresponding to this embodiment includes an intelligent sensing module, a central control module, and an air curtain execution module.

[0046] The intelligent sensing module is used to sense the working status and dust concentration of the coal mining machine drum in real time. It includes a dust concentration sensor 5, a drum attitude sensor 6, and a machine vision unit, arranged as described above.

[0047] The central control module is used to predict dust generation and calculate air curtain parameters based on sensing data, as well as output control signals. This includes a dynamic air curtain control algorithm, which comprises initial sensing, dust source intensity prediction, parameter decision calculation, execution control, and effect evaluation and optimization, forming a closed-loop feedback. Dust source intensity prediction is based on roller posture and historical data, while parameter decision queries a preset mapping database and optimizes air pressure, air volume, outlet velocity, and angle.

[0048] The air curtain execution module generates a three-dimensional enveloping air curtain based on control signals, forming a three-dimensional air hood to enclose dust within a preset area. It includes a micro-air chamber circumferential generator 12 and a micro-air chamber axial generator 13, arranged on the circumference of the drum dust hood. The drum dust hood is arranged on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine 2 and fitted onto the outside of the coal mining machine drum. It includes a downwind drum dust hood 7 and an upwind drum dust hood 8, corresponding to the downwind drum 3 and upwind drum 4 of the coal mining machine, respectively, and connected to a directional dust extraction pipe to the dust extraction and purification device 9. The micro-air chamber generator includes a pressure stabilizing chamber and an angle-adjustable Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle for adjusting airflow and angle and achieving quasi-wall adhesion characteristics. It also includes an ejector valve (which can be a micro-solenoid valve) for adjusting the pressure and airflow of the pressure stabilizing chamber and a stepper motor for adjusting the airflow injection angle of the Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle. The system also includes micro-chamber controllers (including upwind micro-chamber controller 16 and downwind micro-chamber controller 17) that are electrically connected to the central control module, for preheating the micro-chamber generator and maintaining airflow before and after operation to remove residual dust.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, all the micro-air chamber circumferential generators 12 and micro-air chamber axial generators 13 corresponding to the downwind side drum 4 of the coal mining machine share a single pressure-stabilizing air chamber, and all the micro-air chamber circumferential generators 12 and micro-air chamber axial generators 13 corresponding to the upwind side drum 3 of the coal mining machine share a single pressure-stabilizing air chamber. This allows for the unified adjustment of the total air pressure and air volume of all nozzles (i.e., air holes). Furthermore, each pressure-stabilizing air chamber is equipped with a corresponding turbulence structure to ensure that the introduced compressed air forms a stable turbulent flow (Reynolds number Re=5000-8000), thus avoiding the problem of easy diffusion of a single airflow. Each Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle is also equipped with a corresponding miniature solenoid valve to adjust the airflow speed of each nozzle, or to adjust the airflow speed of each nozzle by adjusting the total air pressure and airflow.

[0050] In this embodiment, when the coal mining machine drum cuts the coal wall, the system forms an invisible "aerodynamic barrier" through airflow organization, which seals the dust in the preset settling zone, achieving active isolation and source control. The dust extraction and purification device 9 is connected to the directional dust extraction pipeline for negative pressure dust extraction, which significantly improves the dust control efficiency.

[0051] Example 2 This embodiment provides another three-dimensional enveloping dust control method and system based on airflow organization. Unlike embodiment 1, this embodiment is specifically designed for the application of a double-drum coal mining machine in a fully mechanized coal mining face, emphasizing the independent control of the upwind and downwind drums.

[0052] The method includes the following steps: First, the working status and dust concentration of the coal mining machine drum are monitored in real time. Specifically, a dust concentration sensor 5 is used to monitor the dust concentration inside and outside the dust control zone. This sensor is located on the side of the hydraulic support 1 near the coal mining machine 2. A drum attitude sensor 6 monitors the cutting speed, depth, and pitch angle of the drum and is also located on the side of the hydraulic support 1 near the coal mining machine 2. Machine vision units (downwind machine vision unit 14 and upwind machine vision unit 15) capture the working status of the drum and dust images and are located on the body of the coal mining machine 2. Data collected through these devices includes the attitude, dust concentration, and visual information of the downwind drum 3 and the upwind drum 4 of the coal mining machine.

[0053] Secondly, the intensity, location, and diffusion trend of dust generation are predicted based on sensing data. A dynamic dust source intensity prediction model, combined with drum posture and historical data, is used to independently predict the upwind and downwind drums, enabling targeted forecasting.

[0054] Then, based on the prediction results, the air curtain parameters, including wind pressure, air volume, outlet air velocity, and angle, are calculated. By querying the air curtain parameter-dust control effect mapping database and applying optimization algorithms, parameter combinations are determined for the upwind and downwind sides respectively.

[0055] Next, a three-dimensional enveloping air curtain with the aforementioned air curtain parameters is generated using micro-air chamber generators arranged on the outside of the coal mining machine drum, forming a three-dimensional air hood that encloses the dust within a preset area. Specifically, the micro-air chamber circumferential generator 12 and the micro-air chamber axial generator 13 work together to form a fully enclosed three-dimensional air hood. The air outlet of the micro-air chamber circumferential generator 12 circulates along the drum surface, while the micro-air chamber axial generator 13 covers both ends of the drum. A Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle is used to achieve airflow amplification and quasi-wall-attached flow, with the air curtain close to the drum surface by 3-5 cm. A spiral vortex flow field is formed inside the three-dimensional air hood, guiding the dust towards the directional dust extraction pipe. The downwind drum dust hood 7 and the upwind drum dust hood 8 correspond to the downwind drum 3 and the upwind drum 4 of the coal mining machine, respectively, and are installed on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine 2. The directional dust extraction ducts (upwind directional dust extraction duct 10 and downwind directional dust extraction duct 11) are connected to the center of the drum dust hood, and the other end is connected to the dust extraction and purification device 9. The wind speed gradient is controlled to an inner negative pressure wind speed of 8-12 m / s and an outer positive pressure wind speed of 5-7 m / s, so as to achieve dust interception, guidance and sedimentation capture.

[0056] Finally, continuously monitor the dust control effect and dynamically adjust the air curtain parameters based on feedback to achieve closed-loop control. If the actual dust concentration exceeds the set threshold, increase the air pressure or adjust the angle. After the operation is completed, keep the miniature air chamber generator and dust extraction and purification device running for 5-10 minutes to clean up any residual dust.

[0057] The system in this embodiment is similar to that in Embodiment 1, but emphasizes independent modules on the upwind and downwind sides: the intelligent sensing module senses the two rollers separately; the central control module's algorithm independently predicts and makes decisions; the air curtain execution module independently preheats and maintains the airflow through the upwind micro-air chamber controller 16 and the downwind micro-air chamber controller 17. The micro-air chamber generator includes a pressure-stabilizing chamber, a micro-solenoid valve, a stepper motor, and a Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle to achieve precise adjustment.

[0058] In addition, in this embodiment, each of the micro-chamber circumferential generator 12 and micro-chamber axial generator 13 is provided with an independent pressure-stabilizing chamber to independently adjust its air pressure and air volume, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the air curtain parameters.

[0059] Through this embodiment, in the operation of a twin-drum coal mining machine, the system achieves independent side dust control, improves adaptability, and effectively suppresses dust diffusion.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stereoscopic encircling dust control method based on air flow organization, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Real-time sensing of the working state of the shearer drum and dust concentration; Predicting dust generation intensity, location and diffusion trend based on sensing data; Calculating wind curtain parameters, including wind pressure, air volume, air outlet speed and angle, according to the prediction results; Generating a three-dimensional ring-shaped air curtain with the wind curtain parameters using a micro-chamber generator arranged outside the shearer drum to form a three-dimensional air cover and seal dust in a preset area; Continuously monitoring the dust control effect and dynamically adjusting the wind curtain parameters according to feedback to achieve closed-loop control.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The real-time sensing includes monitoring dust concentration inside and outside the dust control area using a dust concentration sensor, monitoring the cutting speed, depth and pitch angle of the drum using a drum posture sensor, and capturing the working state of the drum and dust images using a machine vision unit.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The dust concentration sensor and the drum posture sensor are arranged on one side of the hydraulic support close to the shearer.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The machine vision unit is arranged on the machine body of the shearer.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The prediction of dust generation intensity, location and diffusion trend is achieved by a dynamic dust source intensity prediction model that combines drum posture and historical data for prediction.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The calculation of wind curtain parameters is achieved by querying a wind curtain parameter-dust control effect mapping database to determine the parameter combination.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The generation of a three-dimensional ring-shaped air curtain includes the coordinated work of a micro-chamber circumferential generator and an axial generator to form a fully wrapped three-dimensional air cover, wherein the micro-chamber circumferential generator circulates along the drum surface, and the micro-chamber axial generator covers both ends of the drum.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The micro-chamber generator uses a Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle for air jet to achieve air amplification and quasi-wall flow, with the wind curtain close to the drum surface by 3-5 cm.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, A spiral vortex flow field is formed inside the three-dimensional air cover to guide dust to move towards a directional dust extraction pipeline arranged at the end of the shearer drum away from the coal wall, promoting the settlement of large particle dust and the capture of fine particle dust.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, A drum dust isolation cover is provided on the rocker arm of the shearer, which is sleeved outside the shearer drum, and the micro-chamber generator is installed on the drum dust isolation cover.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The directional dust extraction pipeline is connected to the center of the drum dust isolation cover to be arranged at the end of the shearer drum away from the coal wall.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The other end of the directional dust extraction pipeline is connected to a dust extraction and purification device to purify dust.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The three-dimensional air cover achieves interception of dust diffusion, guidance of dust movement and promotion of settlement and capture through wind speed gradient control, with an internal negative pressure wind speed of 8-12 m / s and an external positive pressure wind speed of 5-7 m / s.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein, After the shearer operation is completed, the micro-chamber generator and the dust extraction and purification device are kept running for 5-10 minutes to clean residual dust.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein, The dynamic adjustment includes comparing the actual dust concentration with the set threshold value, and if it is higher than the threshold value, increasing the wind pressure or adjusting the angle to form adaptive control.

16. A stereoscopic encircling dust control system based on air flow organization, characterized by, The method comprises: An intelligent sensing module for real-time sensing of the working state of the shearer drum and dust concentration; A central control module for predicting dust generation and calculating wind curtain parameters based on sensing data, and outputting control signals; An air curtain execution module for generating a three-dimensional ring-shaped air curtain according to the control signals to form a three-dimensional air cover and seal dust in a preset area; The central control module comprises a gas curtain dynamic control algorithm, and realizes prediction, decision, execution and feedback optimization.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein, The intelligent sensing module comprises a dust concentration sensor, a drum posture sensor and a machine vision unit, wherein the dust concentration sensor and the drum posture sensor are arranged on one side of the hydraulic support close to the shearer, and the machine vision unit is arranged on the machine body of the shearer.

18. The system of claim 16, wherein, The gas curtain execution module comprises a micro air chamber circumferential generator and a micro air chamber axial generator, which are arranged on the circumference of the drum dust cover to form a full-wrapped three-dimensional gas cover. The drum dust cover is arranged on the rocker arm of the shearer and is sleeved outside the shearer drum.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein, The drum dust cover comprises a lower wind side drum dust cover and an upper wind side drum dust cover, which correspond to the lower wind side drum and the upper wind side drum of the shearer respectively, and are connected to the directional dust extraction pipeline to the dust extraction and purification device.

20. The system of claim 18, wherein, The airflow injection direction of the micro air chamber circumferential generator forms an angle of 15-30° with the tangent of the shearer drum, and the air outlet circulates along the surface of the shearer drum to form a "ring-shaped closed layer"; The airflow injection direction of the micro air chamber axial generator is perpendicular to the axis of the shearer drum, and the air outlet covers both ends of the drum to form an "end face closed layer".

21. The system of claim 18, wherein, The micro air chamber generator comprises a pressure stabilizing chamber and an angle-adjustable Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle, which is used to adjust the air volume, angle and realize the quasi-wall attachment characteristic.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein, The micro air chamber generator further comprises an ejector airflow valve for adjusting the pressure of the pressure stabilizing chamber and the air volume, and a stepping motor for adjusting the airflow injection angle of the Venturi-Coanda composite nozzle.

23. The system of claim 16, wherein, The gas curtain dynamic control algorithm comprises initialization sensing, dust source intensity prediction, parameter decision calculation, execution control and effect evaluation optimization, forming a closed loop feedback.

24. The system of claim 19, wherein, The dust source intensity prediction is based on the drum posture and historical data, and the parameter decision calculation determines the parameter combination by querying the air curtain parameter-dust control effect mapping database.

25. The system of claim 14, wherein, It also comprises a micro air chamber controller for preheating the micro air chamber generator and maintaining airflow before and after operation to clean residual dust.

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