Method for accurately controlling liquid level in titanium sponge production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of titanium metal smelting, in particular to a method for accurately controlling the liquid level in titanium sponge production, which is based on a reactor, a hearth, a large cover, a matched thermocouple, an air inlet and an air outlet structure, collects temperature data through five vertically distributed wall thermocouples and large cover thermocouples, dynamically calculates the liquid level deviation according to different temperature working conditions, and accurately controls the liquid level. The core of the method is that the lower heating set temperature of the hearth, the temperatures of different heights of the device wall and the actual temperature of the large cover are combined, the low state, the high state and the normal state of the liquid level are judged according to scenes, errors are compensated through the temperature correction coefficient, and personalized adjustment of the discharging amount is achieved. A closed-loop control system of multi-point temperature monitoring and dynamic discharge correction is constructed, the reaction liquid level is stably controlled in an air cooling area, the problem of titanium lump sintering is effectively avoided, and the quality stability of a titanium sponge product is improved. The device is suitable for existing production equipment, the automation degree is high, and material consumption and labor cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of titanium metal smelting technology, specifically a method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium, with its superior properties such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and lightweight, is widely used in high-end fields such as aerospace, chemical industry, and medical field, earning it the reputation of an all-around metal and the metal of the 21st century. In the past decade, China's sponge titanium production industry has developed rapidly, with a large influx of capital driving continuous expansion of the industry scale. However, compared with advanced foreign production technologies, domestic sponge titanium production processes still lag significantly behind, with problems such as insufficient product quality stability and high production costs being prominent. These issues restrict the core competitiveness of my country's sponge titanium in the global market, necessitating technological innovation to upgrade processes and improve quality.

[0003] Currently, the Krauer process is widely used in the industrial production of sponge titanium both domestically and internationally. Its core process involves introducing titanium tetrachloride into a high-temperature reactor to react with liquid magnesium, producing sponge titanium and magnesium chloride. During this reaction, heat dissipation is a critical control parameter determining product quality. The industry commonly uses fan-cooled cooling for this purpose, and whether the reaction liquid level remains stable within the air-cooled zone directly affects heat dissipation efficiency and reaction stability. If the liquid level deviates from the air-cooled zone, the heat generated by the reaction cannot be dissipated in time, leading to titanium agglomeration, insufficient porous structure, and decreased purity in the sponge titanium product. This severely impacts product quality and can even result in the scrapping of the entire batch, causing significant economic losses.

[0004] Precise liquid level control is the key to solving heat dissipation problems, but existing technologies still have significant shortcomings. Traditional liquid level control methods mainly rely on feed rate calculation or single-point temperature monitoring to determine the liquid level height, and determine the discharge rate through theoretical derivation, without fully considering the complex variables in the production process. Patent publication (announcement) number: CN115755797A discloses "A Precise Control System and Control Method for Process Parameters of Sponge Titanium Reduction Process", which determines the actual liquid level only by the temperature of the highest point on the outer wall of the reactor, ignoring the complexity of the reduction reaction. As the reaction progresses, the irregular shape of the titanium agglomerate will cause the actual liquid level to deviate from the theoretical liquid level. Single-point monitoring data is difficult to reflect the true liquid level state and is prone to control errors.

[0005] In existing technologies, liquid level correction calculations often employ a single formula, which cannot adapt to the complex operating conditions during production, such as temperature fluctuations, changes in titanium agglomerate morphology, and differences in heat dissipation efficiency. This results in a one-size-fits-all control mode that fails to accurately match actual production needs, leading to frequent instances of liquid levels deviating from the air-cooled zone. Furthermore, traditional control methods rely heavily on manual experience to adjust the discharge rate, resulting in low automation. Human error further exacerbates the problem of inaccurate liquid level control, affecting product quality stability, increasing material consumption, and lowering production efficiency. This has become a key technological bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of the sponge titanium industry. Therefore, developing a new technology capable of adapting to complex operating conditions and achieving precise liquid level control has become an urgent need for the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the high hardness, difficulty in breaking, high impurity content, and low price of existing sponge titanium substrates.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium includes a reactor, a furnace, a large cover, a feed inlet, an air inlet, an air outlet, a large cover thermocouple, and a vessel wall thermocouple. The furnace is equipped with multiple sets of heaters and an air inlet. The vessel wall thermocouple is installed on the reactor wall. The large cover is installed on the top of the reactor. The large cover thermocouple and the feed inlet are installed on the large cover. The air outlet is opened on the side of the furnace corresponding to the reactor.

[0009] During production, temperature data is collected using thermocouples on the vessel wall and the main cover. The liquid level deviation Δh is calculated based on this data, and the next discharge rate is adjusted accordingly to control the reaction liquid level within the air-cooled zone and prevent titanium agglomeration. The next discharge rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0010] ;

[0011] ;

[0012] Where m is the next discharge volume. ρ is the theoretical MgCl2 emission rate, r is the reactor radius, ρ is the density of magnesium chloride at temperature T0, and Δh is the liquid level deviation.

[0013] Preferably, the reactor wall thermocouples are configured as 5, arranged along the same vertical line of the reactor wall, with an interval of 60cm between adjacent thermocouples, and are numbered T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 from bottom to top, corresponding to the lower part, lower middle part, middle part, upper middle part, and upper part of the reactor wall, respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the thermocouple of the cover is embedded inside the cover and used to measure the temperature at the bottom of the cover and record it as t1. The upper limit temperature of the cover is set as t0, and t0 is a preset fixed value.

[0015] Preferably, there are two air inlets, referred to as air inlet A and air inlet B. Air inlet A is located at the same height as the furnace wall thermocouple T3, and air inlet B is located at the same height as the furnace wall thermocouple T4.

[0016] Preferably, the air outlet is located 10-20cm below the furnace wall thermocouple T3. The air outlet and the air inlet cooperate to form an air-cooling channel, and the air-cooling area covers the reactor area between the furnace wall thermocouples T3 and T4.

[0017] Preferably, the initial liquid level of the reaction is denoted as h0, and the initial liquid level h0 is controlled at the reactor height position corresponding to the thermocouple T3 on the reactor wall. The control error of the initial liquid level h0 does not exceed 10cm. During the feeding process, the heater below the thermocouple T3 on the reactor wall in the furnace is started, and the heating temperature is set to T0.

[0018] Preferably, the liquid level deviation Δh is calculated based on temperature data for different scenarios, specifically including:

[0019] When T0-T3 ≥ 15℃, the liquid level is too low: ;

[0020] When T0-T3 < 15℃ and T4 > T3, the liquid level is too high: ;

[0021] When T0-T3 < 15℃ and T4 < T3, the liquid level is normal. ;

[0022] in, For liquid level deviation; Temperature correction factor; T0 is the set temperature for heating the lower part of the furnace; T2, T3, and T4 are the vessel wall temperatures; t1 is the actual temperature of the main cover; t0 is the set upper limit temperature of the main cover; r is the reactor radius; The density of magnesium chloride at temperature T0.

[0023] Preferably, the temperature correction factor is -(0.3-0.4)cm / ℃, the temperature correction factor is 0.2-0.3cm / ℃, and the temperature correction factor is 0.05-0.1cm / ℃; the temperatures T2, T3, T4 and t1 are determined by the highest temperature within 1 minute after 10 minutes of material discharge.

[0024] Preferably, the temperature data collected by the thermocouples T2, T3, and T4 on the vessel wall, as well as the temperature data collected by the thermocouple on the cover, t1, are all the highest temperature values ​​in the monitoring cycle of 10 minutes after the material discharge is completed, followed by 1 minute of continuous monitoring.

[0025] Preferably, the discharge operation is controlled by adjusting the discharge rate m to maintain the reaction liquid level stably within the air-cooled zone between thermocouples T3 and T4 on the vessel wall, ensuring that the temperature t1 at the bottom of the large cover does not exceed the set upper limit temperature t0, thus preventing titanium agglomeration during the production of sponge titanium.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. This invention achieves precise control of the liquid level in sponge titanium production by combining multi-dimensional temperature monitoring with dynamic discharge correction, effectively solving the problem of untimely heat dissipation caused by the liquid level deviating from the air-cooled area in traditional control methods. Compared with the traditional single-point temperature monitoring solution, this invention uses five vertically distributed thermocouples on the reactor wall and the thermocouple on the main cover to collect data collaboratively, comprehensively capturing temperature gradient changes at different heights of the reactor. Combined with scenario-based algorithms, it accurately determines the liquid level status, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of liquid level monitoring. This provides comprehensive and accurate data support for discharge correction, avoiding the risk of titanium agglomerate sintering from the source and ensuring the quality stability of sponge titanium products.

[0028] 2. This invention designs a scenario-specific liquid level deviation calculation model, establishing differentiated calculation logic for three operating conditions: low, high, and normal liquid levels. By introducing temperature correction coefficients α, β, and γ, it achieves precise error compensation, breaking the limitations of traditional single-formula control. The personalized algorithm design for different operating conditions can flexibly handle complex variables such as heating temperature fluctuations and titanium agglomerate shape changes during production, avoiding the problem of excessive liquid level deviation caused by a one-size-fits-all control mode. This significantly improves process adaptability and control flexibility, maintaining a stable liquid level in the air-cooled zone even in complex production environments, ensuring timely dissipation of reaction heat.

[0029] 3. This invention combines hardware structure optimization with intelligent algorithms to construct a closed-loop control system of multi-point temperature monitoring, dynamic deviation calculation, and precise material discharge control, enabling automatic liquid level correction without manual intervention. Compared to the traditional method of adjusting the discharge rate based on manual experience, this invention significantly improves the level of production automation, reduces human error, and minimizes magnesium chloride waste through precise discharge control, achieving the dual goals of energy saving, consumption reduction, and quality and efficiency improvement. Furthermore, the rational equipment layout and the scientifically designed air inlet and outlet further enhance the air cooling effect, working synergistically with liquid level control to further improve the stability and efficiency of the production process.

[0030] 4. This invention possesses significant industrial application value and promising prospects. Its core technology can be directly adapted to existing sponge titanium production equipment without requiring large-scale equipment modifications, thus reducing the cost of technology upgrades for enterprises. By solving the industry-wide common problem of titanium agglomerate sintering, this invention effectively improves the qualification rate and quality grade of sponge titanium products, helping enterprises enhance their market competitiveness. Simultaneously, the automated control mode reduces labor and management costs in the production process, and combined with material consumption optimization, further reduces overall production costs, providing a feasible solution for the technological upgrade of the sponge titanium industry and contributing to the industry's high-quality and sustainable development. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are explained in detail together with the embodiments of the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a comparative analysis chart of equipment parameters in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Reactor; 2. Furnace; 3. Cover; 31. Cover thermocouple; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Air inlet; 51. Air inlet A; 52. Air inlet B; 6. Air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1 (Low Liquid Level Scenario)

[0038] This embodiment is shown in the table below:

[0039] category Specific content Equipment parameters Reactor radius r = 1.5 m; T0 = 800℃; ρ = 1.6 g / cm³; t0 = 300℃; α = -0.35 cm / ℃, β = 0.25 cm / ℃, γ = 0.08 cm / ℃ Initial settings h0 is controlled at position T3 with an error of 5cm; below T3, the heater is activated to maintain T0 = 800℃. Temperature acquisition T2=780℃, T3=760℃, T4=750℃, t1=290℃ (highest temperature within 1 minute after 10 minutes of material discharge) Working condition determination T0-T3=40℃≥15℃, liquid level is low. Calculation results Δh = -7cm; m0 = 500kg; mrepair ≈ -0.079kg; next discharge amount m = 499.921kg Operation execution Discharge at 499.921 kg, then adjust the liquid level back to the T3-T4 air-cooled zone.

[0040] This embodiment is applied to a situation where the liquid level is low during the production of sponge titanium. The specific parameters and operations are as follows:

[0041] Equipment parameters: Reactor 1 radius r = 1.5m, furnace 2 lower heating set temperature T0 = 800℃, magnesium chloride density ρ = 1.6g / cm³ at T0 temperature, large cover 3 set upper limit temperature t0 = 300℃, temperature correction coefficient. =-0.35cm / ℃, β=0.25cm / ℃, γ=0.08cm / ℃.

[0042] Initial settings: The initial liquid level h0 of the reaction is controlled at the position corresponding to thermocouple T3 on the vessel wall, with a control error of 5cm. During the feeding process, the heaters below T3 in furnace 2 are started to maintain the heating temperature T0=800℃.

[0043] Temperature acquisition: 10 minutes after material discharge is completed, temperature data is collected within a 1-minute monitoring cycle, resulting in T2=780℃, T3=760℃, T4=750℃, and t1=290℃.

[0044] Operating condition judgment: Calculate T0-T3=800-760=40℃≥15℃, and judge it as low liquid level.

[0045] Deviation and discharge rate calculation: Δh= • (T2−T3)=-0.35×(780-760)=-7cm; Theoretical MgCl2 emission m0=500kg; m 修 =(πr²・Δh・ρ) / 1000=(π×1.5²×(-7)×1.6) / 1000≈-0.079kg; Next discharge amount m=m0+m 修 =500+(-0.079)=499.921kg.

[0046] Operation execution: Perform the next discharge operation according to the calculated 499.921kg, and adjust the liquid level back to the air-cooled area between T3 and T4 to avoid titanium agglomeration.

[0047] Example 2 (High Liquid Level Scenario)

[0048] This embodiment is shown in the table below:

[0049] category Specific content Equipment parameters <![CDATA[The reactor radius r = 1.2 m; T0 = 780 °C; ρ = 1.58 g / cm³; t0 = 290 °C; α = -0.3 cm / °C, β = 0.2 cm / °C, γ = 0.05 cm / °C]]> Initial settings <![CDATA[The h0 is controlled at the T3 position with an error of 8 cm; the heater below T3 is started to maintain T0 = 780 °C]]> Temperature acquisition T2=770℃, T3=765℃, T4=775℃, t1=300℃ (highest temperature within 1 minute after 10 minutes of material discharge) Working condition determination <![CDATA[T0 - T3 = 15℃ < 15℃, T4 > T3, liquid level is on the high side]]> Calculation results <![CDATA[Δh=2.5cm;m0=450kg;m 修 ≈0.0176kg; Next discharge volume m=450.0176kg Operation execution Discharge material at a rate of 450.0176 kg, and adjust the liquid level to the T3-T4 air-cooled zone.

[0050] This embodiment applies to a situation where the liquid level is too high during the production of sponge titanium. The specific parameters and operations are as follows:

[0051] Equipment parameters: Reactor 1 radius r = 1.2m, furnace 2 lower heating set temperature T0 = 780℃, magnesium chloride density ρ at T0 temperature ρ = 1.58g / cm³, large cover 3 set upper limit temperature t0 = 290℃, temperature correction coefficient. =-0.3cm / ℃, β=0.2cm / ℃, γ=0.05cm / ℃.

[0052] Initial settings: The initial liquid level h0 of the reaction is controlled at the position corresponding to thermocouple T3 on the vessel wall, with a control error of 8cm. During the feeding process, the heaters below T3 in furnace 2 are started to maintain the heating temperature T0=780℃.

[0053] Temperature acquisition: 10 minutes after material discharge is completed, temperature data is collected within a 1-minute monitoring cycle to obtain T2=770℃, T3=765℃, T4=775℃, and t1=300℃.

[0054] Operating condition judgment: The calculation T0-T3=780-765=15℃<15℃ is not valid. The actual value is 15℃, which is equal to the critical value. According to T0-T3<15℃, and T4=775℃>T3=765℃, the liquid level is judged to be too high.

[0055] Deviation and discharge rate calculation: Δh=β・(T4−T3)+γ・(t1−t0)=0.2×(775-765)+0.05×(300-290)=2+0.5=2.5cm; Theoretical MgCl2 discharge rate m0=450kg;

[0056] m 修 =(πr²・Δh・ρ) / 1000=(π×1.2²×2.5×1.58) / 1000≈0.0176kg;

[0057] Next discharge quantity m = m0 + m 修 =450 + 0.0176 = 450.0176 kg.

[0058] Operation execution: Perform the next discharge operation according to 450.0176kg, adjust the excessively high liquid level to the air-cooled area between T3 and T4, and ensure that the bottom temperature t1 of the large cover 3 drops back to below the set upper limit t0 to avoid titanium agglomerate sintering.

[0059] Example 3 (Normal Liquid Level Scenario)

[0060] This embodiment is shown in the table below:

[0061] category Specific content Equipment parameters Reactor radius r = 1.8 m; T0 = 820℃; ρ = 1.62 g / cm³; t0 = 310℃; α = -0.4 cm / ℃, β = 0.3 cm / ℃, γ = 0.1 cm / ℃ Initial settings h0 is controlled at position T3 with an error of 3cm; below T3, the heater is activated to maintain T0 = 820℃. Temperature acquisition T2=810℃, T3=808℃, T4=800℃, t1=305℃ (highest temperature within 1 minute after 10 minutes of material discharge) Working condition determination T0-T3 = 12℃ < 15℃, T4 < T3, liquid level is normal. Calculation results Δh=0; m0=600kg; mre=0kg; next discharge amount m=600kg Operation execution Discharge at 600kg / day, with the maintaining solution located in the T3-T4 air-cooled zone.

[0062] This embodiment applies to a normal liquid level condition during sponge titanium production. Specific parameters and operations are as follows:

[0063] Equipment parameters: Reactor 1 radius r = 1.8m, furnace 2 lower heating set temperature T0 = 820℃, magnesium chloride density ρ at T0 temperature ρ = 1.62g / cm³, large cover 3 set upper limit temperature t0 = 310℃, temperature correction coefficient. =-0.4cm / ℃, β=0.3cm / ℃, γ=0.1cm / ℃.

[0064] Initial settings: The initial liquid level h0 of the reaction is controlled at the position corresponding to thermocouple T3 on the vessel wall, with a control error of 3cm. During the feeding process, the heaters below T3 in furnace 2 are started to maintain the heating temperature T0=820℃.

[0065] Temperature acquisition: 10 minutes after material discharge is completed, temperature data is collected within a 1-minute monitoring cycle, resulting in T2=810℃, T3=808℃, T4=800℃, and t1=305℃.

[0066] Operating condition judgment: Calculate T0-T3=820-808=12℃<15℃, and T4=800℃<T3=808℃, the liquid level is judged to be normal.

[0067] Deviation and discharge rate calculation: Δh=0; Theoretical MgCl2 discharge rate m0=600kg; m 修 =(πr²・0・ρ) / 1000=0kg; Next discharge amount m=m0+m 修 =600+0=600kg.

[0068] Operation execution: Perform the next discharge operation according to the theoretical discharge capacity of 600kg, maintain the liquid level stable in the air-cooled zone between T3 and T4, ensure that the heat of the reaction process is dissipated in time, and ensure the quality of sponge titanium products.

[0069] The specific advantages of the method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to the present invention are as follows:

[0070] 1. This invention achieves precise control of the liquid level in sponge titanium production by combining multi-dimensional temperature monitoring with dynamic discharge correction, effectively solving the problem of untimely heat dissipation caused by the liquid level deviating from the air-cooled area in traditional control methods. Compared with the traditional single-point temperature monitoring solution, this invention uses five vertically distributed thermocouples on the reactor wall and the thermocouple on the main cover to collect data collaboratively, comprehensively capturing temperature gradient changes at different heights of the reactor. Combined with scenario-based algorithms, it accurately determines the liquid level status, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of liquid level monitoring. This provides comprehensive and accurate data support for discharge correction, avoiding the risk of titanium agglomerate sintering from the source and ensuring the quality stability of sponge titanium products.

[0071] 2. This invention designs a scenario-specific liquid level deviation calculation model, establishing differentiated calculation logic for three operating conditions: low, high, and normal liquid levels. By introducing temperature correction coefficients α, β, and γ, it achieves precise error compensation, breaking the limitations of traditional single-formula control. The personalized algorithm design for different operating conditions can flexibly handle complex variables such as heating temperature fluctuations and titanium agglomerate shape changes during production, avoiding the problem of excessive liquid level deviation caused by a one-size-fits-all control mode. This significantly improves process adaptability and control flexibility, maintaining a stable liquid level in the air-cooled zone even in complex production environments, ensuring timely dissipation of reaction heat.

[0072] 3. This invention combines hardware structure optimization with intelligent algorithms to construct a closed-loop control system of multi-point temperature monitoring, dynamic deviation calculation, and precise material discharge control, enabling automatic liquid level correction without manual intervention. Compared to the traditional method of adjusting the discharge rate based on manual experience, this invention significantly improves the level of production automation, reduces human error, and minimizes magnesium chloride waste through precise discharge control, achieving the dual goals of energy saving, consumption reduction, and quality and efficiency improvement. Furthermore, the rational equipment layout and the scientifically designed air inlet and outlet further enhance the air cooling effect, working synergistically with liquid level control to further improve the stability and efficiency of the production process.

[0073] 4. This invention possesses significant industrial application value and promising prospects. Its core technology can be directly adapted to existing sponge titanium production equipment without requiring large-scale equipment modifications, thus reducing the cost of technology upgrades for enterprises. By solving the industry-wide common problem of titanium agglomerate sintering, this invention effectively improves the qualification rate and quality grade of sponge titanium products, helping enterprises enhance their market competitiveness. Simultaneously, the automated control mode reduces labor and management costs in the production process, and combined with material consumption optimization, further reduces overall production costs, providing a feasible solution for the technological upgrade of the sponge titanium industry and contributing to the industry's high-quality and sustainable development.

[0074] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium, comprising a reactor (1), a furnace (2), a large cover (3), a feed inlet (4), an air inlet (5), an air outlet (6), a large cover thermocouple (31), and a vessel wall thermocouple, characterized in that, The furnace (2) is equipped with multiple sets of heaters and air inlets (5), the reactor (1) is equipped with a thermocouple, the cover (3) is installed on the top of the reactor (1), the cover thermocouple (31) and the feed inlet (4) are installed on the cover (3), and the air outlet (6) is opened on the side of the furnace (2) corresponding to the reactor (1). During the production process, temperature data is collected through thermocouples on the vessel wall and thermocouples on the cover (31). Based on the temperature data, the liquid level deviation Δh is calculated. The next discharge amount is then adjusted in conjunction with the liquid level deviation Δh to control the reaction liquid level in the air-cooled zone and prevent titanium agglomerate sintering. The next discharge amount is calculated using the following formula: ； ； Where m is the next discharge volume. ρ is the theoretical MgCl2 emission rate, r is the radius of reactor (1), ρ is the density of magnesium chloride at temperature T0, and Δh is the liquid level deviation.

2. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor wall thermocouples are set to 5, and the 5 reactor wall thermocouples are arranged along the same vertical line of the reactor (1) wall. The interval between two adjacent reactor wall thermocouples is 60cm. They are numbered T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 from bottom to top, and their corresponding installation positions are the lower part, lower middle part, middle part, upper middle part and upper part of the reactor (1) wall.

3. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermocouple (31) of the cover is embedded inside the cover (3) to measure the temperature at the bottom of the cover (3) and record it as t1. The upper limit temperature of the cover (3) is set as t0, and t0 is a preset fixed value.

4. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (5) is set to two, which are respectively called air inlet A (51) and air inlet B (52). Air inlet A (51) is opened at the same height position of the furnace wall thermocouple T3, and air inlet B (52) is opened at the same height position of the furnace wall thermocouple T4.

5. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet (6) is located 10-20cm below the thermocouple T3 on the furnace wall (2). The air outlet (6) and the air inlet (5) work together to form a cooling channel. The cooling area covers the reactor (1) area between the thermocouples T3 and T4 on the furnace wall.

6. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial liquid level of the reaction is recorded as h0. The initial liquid level h0 is controlled at the height position of the reactor (1) corresponding to the thermocouple T3 on the vessel wall. The control error of the initial liquid level h0 does not exceed 10cm. During the feeding process, the heater below the thermocouple T3 on the vessel wall corresponding to the furnace (2) is started, and the heating temperature is set to T0.

7. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid level deviation Δh is calculated based on temperature data for different scenarios, specifically including: When T0-T3 ≥ 15℃, the liquid level is too low: ; When T0-T3 < 15℃ and T4 > T3, the liquid level is too high: ; When T0-T3 < 15℃ and T4 < T3, the liquid level is normal. ; in, For liquid level deviation; Temperature correction factor; T0 is the set temperature for heating the lower part of the furnace; T2, T3, and T4 are the vessel wall temperatures; t1 is the actual temperature of the main cover; t0 is the set upper limit temperature of the main cover; r is the reactor radius; The density of magnesium chloride at temperature T0.

8. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature correction factor is -(0.3-0.4)cm / ℃, the temperature correction factor is 0.2-0.3cm / ℃, and the temperature correction factor is 0.05-0.1cm / ℃; the temperatures T2, T3, T4 and t1 are determined by the highest temperature within 1 minute after 10 minutes of material discharge.

9. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature data collected by the thermocouples T2, T3, and T4 on the vessel wall, as well as the temperature data collected by the thermocouple (31) on the cover, are all the highest temperature values ​​in the monitoring cycle within 10 minutes after the material is discharged, followed by 1 minute of continuous monitoring.

10. The method for precisely controlling the liquid level in the production of sponge titanium according to claim 1, characterized in that, By controlling the discharge operation with the corrected discharge amount m, the reaction liquid level is kept stable in the air-cooled area between the thermocouples T3 and T4 on the vessel wall, ensuring that the bottom temperature t1 of the large cover (3) does not exceed the set upper limit temperature t0, thus avoiding the sintering of titanium lumps during the production of sponge titanium.

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