Oblique wall dam body anti-seepage construction method based on three-dimensional model

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, and discloses an inclined wall dam body anti-seepage construction method based on a three-dimensional model, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-dimensional dynamic model, integrating dam body geological survey data, anti-seepage structure design parameters and a construction process logic relation, and constructing a three-dimensional dynamic model; determining a multi-section division scheme of the anti-seepage system through model coupling analysis, and optimizing partition construction planning; the dam slope foundation surface is finished and compacted based on foundation surface processing parameters output by the model, and it is ensured that the foundation surface reaches the standard through three-dimensional scanning data comparison; a cushion layer, an anti-sliding tooth wall and a dam body anti-seepage body are sequentially constructed; a formwork is erected according to the model formwork erecting parameters, concrete slope protection is poured, and the pouring thickness is corrected; and concrete slope protection is cured, and a quality tracing system is established based on the model to monitor the integrity and structural strength of the anti-seepage system. Through the three-dimensional dynamic model, accurate control over the whole construction process is achieved, the leakage risk is effectively reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, the rework cost is reduced, and stable operation of a dam body anti-seepage system is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, in particular to a sloping wall dam body anti-seepage construction method based on a three-dimensional model. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sloping wall dam body anti-seepage construction is a core link in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and its construction quality directly determines the anti-seepage performance, structural stability and engineering service life of the dam body. Especially under the conditions of super-large sloping wall dams or complex geology (such as soil and gravel stratum, desert edge, etc.), the requirements for construction precision, process coordination and overall integrity of the anti-seepage system are more stringent.

[0003] In the traditional sloping wall dam body anti-seepage construction process, the determination of construction parameters and process control rely on manual experience combined with scattered data: on the one hand, the calculation of foundation surface treatment parameters (such as flatness, compaction degree standard), template setting parameters (such as template size, fixed position) needs to manually integrate dam body geological survey data (such as soil layer distribution, bearing capacity) and anti-seepage structure design parameters (such as anti-seepage body thickness, concrete slope protection size), but such data are often stored separately and have poor correlation, and manual integration is prone to deviation, resulting in insufficient foundation surface treatment precision (such as local compaction degree not meeting the requirements), deviation of template setting from the design position, and further causing uneven thickness of the concrete slope protection, damaging the continuity of the anti-seepage system and increasing the risk of leakage; on the other hand, quality control during construction is mostly post-detection, and the spatial correlation of foundation surface compaction degree detection reports, anti-seepage body welding seam air tightness detection results, concrete strength test data with the construction section is low, and image data are also stored independently, making it difficult to form a real-time quality traceability system corresponding to the spatial position of the dam body, so that the monitoring of the integrity and structural strength of the anti-seepage system lags behind, and construction hidden dangers (such as gaps at the junction of the anti-seepage body, insufficient strength due to inadequate concrete curing) cannot be found in time, which not only increases the cost of later rework, but also may affect the safe operation of the project.

[0004] In addition, there is a lack of collaborative optimization means for multiple processes in traditional construction, and the connection of processes such as foundation surface treatment, cushion construction, template setting and concrete pouring relies on manual scheduling, which is prone to cause low construction efficiency due to process connection deviation, especially in the construction of super-large sloping wall dams, it is difficult to meet the dual requirements of time limit and quality. In summary, the existing sloping wall dam body anti-seepage construction method has obvious deficiencies in multi-source data integration, accurate output of key construction parameters and whole-process quality traceability monitoring, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of precision, coordination and safety for sloping wall dam body anti-seepage construction under super-large or complex conditions, and there is an urgent need for a construction technical solution that can effectively integrate data, accurately control processes and realize real-time quality monitoring. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for anti-seepage construction of inclined wall dams based on a three-dimensional model, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses the following technical solution: a method for seepage prevention construction of a sloping wall dam based on a three-dimensional model, comprising the following steps: A three-dimensional dynamic model of the seepage prevention system of the inclined wall dam is constructed. The integrated data is coupled and analyzed through the three-dimensional dynamic model. Based on the analysis results, a multi-segment division scheme of the seepage prevention system is determined. The efficiency of process connection and resource matching under different construction sequences are simulated through the three-dimensional dynamic model to optimize the zoning construction plan. The integrated data includes the geological survey data of the dam body after model integration, the design parameters of the seepage prevention structure, and the logical relationship of the construction process. Based on the foundation surface treatment parameters calculated and output by the three-dimensional dynamic model and integrated data, the foundation surface of the dam slope is trimmed and compacted. Foundation surface data is collected by a three-dimensional scanning device, and the foundation surface data is compared with the foundation surface treatment parameters to ensure that the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface meet the preset seepage prevention standards. A subbase layer is constructed on the treated foundation surface. Data of the subbase layer is collected in real time through the three-dimensional dynamic model. The subbase layer data is compared with the subbase layer design data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model based on the integrated data to monitor the accuracy, and the subbase layer is cured to the preset strength. When constructing anti-slide toothed walls at the toe of the dam slope, the connection interface between the anti-slide toothed walls and the dam body seepage prevention body and the reservoir seepage prevention body is located by using the three-dimensional dynamic model based on the integrated data analysis to determine the connection interface position, and a fitting connection structure is reserved at the connection interface. Based on the laying path parameters generated by the integrated data calculation of the three-dimensional dynamic model, the dam seepage prevention body is laid from bottom to top on the cushion layer. One end of the dam seepage prevention body is connected to the interlocking connection structure, and the other end extends to the top of the dam to form a seepage prevention system. The laying data is collected and fed back to the three-dimensional dynamic model for verification. Based on the template support parameters generated by the integrated data according to the three-dimensional dynamic model, the template is supported, the concrete slope protection structure is poured, and the pouring thickness data is collected and compared and corrected with the model design thickness data. The concrete slope protection structure is maintained, and a quality traceability system is established based on the three-dimensional dynamic model. The detection data and image data of each link are linked, and the integrity and structural strength of the seepage prevention system are analyzed and monitored through the three-dimensional dynamic model.

[0007] Preferably, the steps for constructing the three-dimensional dynamic model include: Geological survey data of the dam body was collected using drilling equipment and three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar. The geological survey data of the dam body includes: soil layer distribution data, permeability coefficient data, and bearing capacity data of the dam slope and reservoir area. Obtain the design parameters of the seepage prevention structure, which include: the material parameters of the dam seepage prevention body, the thickness parameters of the dam seepage prevention body, the laying range parameters of the reservoir seepage prevention body, and the connection dimension parameters of the anti-slip toothed wall with the dam seepage prevention body and the reservoir seepage prevention body; The collected geological survey data of the dam body and the obtained seepage prevention structure design parameters are initially classified according to data type and imported into the model building platform; The model building platform performs collaborative processing, three-dimensional geometric modeling, and pre-verification of seepage prevention performance on the imported data to form the three-dimensional dynamic model.

[0008] Preferably, the model building platform performs collaborative processing on the imported data, including: The data verification module built into the model building platform is used to remove outliers from the geological survey data of the dam body and contradictory parameters from the anti-seepage structure design parameters. Through parameter association algorithms, soil layer distribution data is bound to parameters of the seepage barrier laying range, permeability coefficient data is bound to parameters of the seepage barrier thickness, and bearing capacity data is bound to parameters of the connection size of the anti-slip toothed wall, forming a preprocessed database with data linkage.

[0009] Preferably, the three-dimensional geometric modeling includes: The model building platform generates three-dimensional geometric models of the dam body, reservoir, anti-slide toothed wall, and seepage prevention body based on the preprocessed database, and annotates the key parameters of each structure.

[0010] Preferably, the pre-verification of the seepage prevention performance includes: The leakage path of the seepage prevention system under hydrostatic pressure is simulated. If a leakage risk point is found in the pre-verification, the pre-processing database is retrieved in reverse, the corresponding seepage prevention structure design parameters are adjusted, the model is re-modeled and verified, until the pre-verification result meets the preset seepage prevention standard, and finally the three-dimensional dynamic model is output.

[0011] Preferably, the process of obtaining the basic surface processing parameters includes: The three-dimensional dynamic model is based on integrated dam geological survey data and seepage prevention structure design parameters. It calculates the load intensity that the dam slope foundation surface needs to bear and the flatness requirements of the seepage prevention system on the foundation surface, and outputs the allowable deviation value of the foundation surface flatness and the minimum value of the foundation surface compaction as foundation surface treatment parameters.

[0012] Preferably, the method of acquiring foundation surface data using a 3D scanning device, comparing the foundation surface data with the foundation surface treatment parameters, and ensuring that the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface meet the preset seepage prevention standards includes: The 3D scanning equipment collects real-time surface elevation data and real-time compaction data of the foundation surface along the dam slope at a preset grid spacing; The real-time surface elevation data is compared point by point with the standard base surface elevation data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model. The elevation deviation of each grid point is calculated. If the deviation exceeds the allowable deviation value of the base surface flatness, the area is repaired. The real-time compaction data is compared with the standard base surface compaction data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model. If the compaction is lower than the standard value, the area is further compacted. The comparison is stopped when the elevation deviation and density of all grid points meet the preset seepage prevention standards.

[0013] Preferably, the process of obtaining the laying path parameters includes: The three-dimensional dynamic model extracts dam slope data and arc segment curvature data from the integrated dam geological survey data, and extracts dam seepage prevention body width parameters and expansion and contraction allowance requirements from the integrated seepage prevention structure design parameters. Using a path planning algorithm, the laying paths are calculated in the order of straight dam slopes first and curved dam slopes last. For straight dam slopes, the laying starting point, laying direction, and overlap width of adjacent anti-seepage bodies are calculated based on the width parameters of the dam body's anti-seepage body and the expansion allowance requirements. For curved dam slopes, the laying direction is corrected based on the curvature data of the curved section, and the size of the curved blocks is calculated based on the width parameters of the dam body's anti-seepage body, so that each anti-seepage body block is laid along the normal direction. The calculation results of the straight and curved dam slopes are integrated to output paving path parameters with paving start coordinates, paving direction angle, overlap width value and curved block size.

[0014] Preferably, the acquisition of the template support parameters includes: The three-dimensional dynamic model is based on the integrated seepage prevention structure design parameters and construction procedure logic. Through structural adaptation calculation, it outputs the specific dimensions of the template, the actual fixed coordinates of the template on the dam slope, the allowable value of the template splicing gap, and the template support parameters of the support point spacing.

[0015] Preferably, the process of collecting and comparing the pouring thickness data with the model design thickness data includes: During the template erection process, the actual dimensions, actual fixed position coordinates, and splicing gap data of the template are collected respectively. The actual dimensions are compared with the template dimensions, the actual fixed coordinates are compared with the fixed coordinates output by the model, and the actual splicing gap is compared with the allowable gap value output by the model. If any data deviation exceeds the preset range, it is corrected by adjusting the template position, replacing the template with a template of suitable size, or filling the splicing gap. After the correction is completed, the concrete slope protection structure is poured. During the pouring process, the actual pouring thickness data of the concrete is collected along the slope surface of the slope protection by a laser thickness gauge according to the preset grid. The actual thickness data is compared with the design thickness data output by the three-dimensional dynamic model point by point. If the actual thickness is less than the design thickness, concrete is poured in addition. If the actual thickness is greater than the design thickness, the excess part is trimmed to achieve the pouring thickness correction.

[0016] Beneficial Effects: The 3D model-based seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams of this invention integrates geological survey data of the dam body, seepage prevention structure design parameters, and construction procedure logic through a 3D dynamic model. It can accurately calculate and output key construction parameters such as foundation surface treatment parameters, laying path parameters, and formwork support parameters, improving the accuracy of foundation surface treatment, the accuracy of seepage prevention body laying, and the construction quality of concrete slope protection, thereby reducing the risk of leakage in the seepage prevention system from the source. At the same time, the model can simulate different construction sequences and optimize zonal construction planning, enhance the efficiency of multi-process collaboration, and shorten the construction period. The model can accurately locate the connection interface between the anti-slip toothed wall and the seepage prevention body, guide the reserved interlocking connection structure, ensure seamless connection between the dam body seepage prevention body and the reservoir seepage prevention body, improve the reliability and stability of the overall seepage prevention system, and fully meet the requirements of precision, collaboration, and safety in the seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams under ultra-large or complex geological conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the construction method for seepage prevention of inclined wall dams based on a three-dimensional model, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In this document, the term "comprising" is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0021] This embodiment aims to solve the problems of poor integration of multi-source data, inaccurate calculation of key construction parameters, and lagging quality monitoring in the traditional inclined wall dam seepage prevention construction, which easily leads to leakage of the seepage prevention system and low construction efficiency. It provides a solution... Figure 1 The 3D model-based seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams, as shown, includes the following steps: S1 – Constructs a 3D dynamic model of the seepage prevention system for the inclined wall dam. This model is used to couple and analyze integrated data, determining a multi-segment division scheme for the seepage prevention system based on the analysis results. The 3D dynamic model also simulates the efficiency of process connections and resource matching under different construction sequences, optimizing the zoning construction plan. The integrated data includes geological survey data of the dam body after model integration, seepage prevention structure design parameters, and logical relationships of construction procedures. The 3D dynamic model is a digital model that integrates multi-source data, enabling data coupling analysis and construction simulation. It is not a static geometric model and can receive real-time construction data feedback for verification and monitoring; a typical example is a specialized construction model built using BIM technology. The integrated data refers to the geological survey data of the dam body, which includes data on the distribution, permeability coefficient, and bearing capacity of the soil layers on the dam slope and reservoir, obtained through drilling, ground-penetrating radar, etc.; the design parameters of the seepage prevention structure, which include parameters such as the material, thickness, and laying range of the seepage prevention structure in the reservoir, determined according to the engineering design documents; and the logical relationship of the construction procedures, namely, the sequence and connection requirements of foundation treatment → cushion layer construction → anti-slip toothed wall construction → seepage prevention laying → formwork erection → concrete pouring → curing. These three are integrated into a unified data set by the model. Coupling analysis refers to the model performing correlation calculations on the integrated data. For example, by combining soil bearing capacity data and seepage prevention thickness data, it analyzes the required compaction degree of the foundation surface, avoiding parameter deviations caused by calculations based on single data.

[0022] S2 - Based on the integrated data and the calculation output of the foundation surface treatment parameters of the three-dimensional dynamic model, the foundation surface of the dam slope is repaired and compacted. The foundation surface data is collected by the three-dimensional scanning equipment and compared with the foundation surface treatment parameters to ensure that the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface meet the preset seepage prevention standards.

[0023] S3 - Construct a subbase layer on the treated foundation surface. Collect subbase layer data in real time through a three-dimensional dynamic model. Compare the subbase layer data with the subbase layer design data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model based on the integrated data to monitor the accuracy, and cure it to the preset strength.

[0024] S4 - During the construction of the anti-slide toothed wall at the toe of the dam slope, the connection interface location is determined based on the integrated data analysis using a three-dimensional dynamic model. This allows for the positioning of the connection interface between the anti-slide toothed wall and the dam's seepage prevention body and the reservoir's seepage prevention body. A pre-installed interlocking connection structure is then reserved at this interface. This interlocking connection structure refers to the structured interface reserved during the construction of the anti-slide toothed wall to connect the dam's seepage prevention body and the reservoir's seepage prevention body. It is typically a grooved structure with an elastic sealing gasket, rather than a simple planar overlap, which improves the sealing performance and structural stability of the connection.

[0025] S5 - Based on the laying path parameters generated by the integrated data calculation of the three-dimensional dynamic model, the dam seepage prevention body is laid from bottom to top on the cushion layer. One end of the dam seepage prevention body is connected to the interlocking connection structure, and the other end extends to the top of the dam to form a seepage prevention system. The laying data is collected and fed back to the three-dimensional dynamic model for verification.

[0026] S6 - Based on the template support parameters (including template size and fixed position) generated from the integrated data of the 3D dynamic model, the template is erected, the concrete slope protection structure is poured, and the pouring thickness data is collected and compared and corrected with the thickness data designed in the model.

[0027] S7-Maintenance of concrete slope protection structure, and establishment of a quality traceability system based on a three-dimensional dynamic model, linking test data and image data of each stage, and analyzing and monitoring the integrity and structural strength of the seepage prevention system through the three-dimensional dynamic model. The quality traceability system refers to binding the test reports of each construction stage (such as foundation surface compaction report, seepage prevention weld test report) and construction images (such as subbase construction photos, seepage prevention laying video) with the spatial location of the corresponding construction section in the three-dimensional dynamic model, and realizing the linkage traceability of data-location-image through the unique identifier of the section.

[0028] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on a three-dimensional model in this embodiment integrates and couples multi-source data through a three-dimensional dynamic model, avoiding the bias of traditional manual data integration. This makes the zoning planning of the seepage prevention system more scientific, the process connection smoother, and improves the overall construction efficiency. Relying on the precise parameters output by the model (foundation surface treatment parameters, laying path parameters, etc.) and real-time data comparison, it ensures that the quality of each construction link, such as the foundation surface, cushion layer, seepage prevention body, and concrete slope protection, meets the standards, reducing the risk of leakage of the seepage prevention system from the source. Combined with the quality traceability system established by the model, it replaces the traditional post-event inspection mode, which can monitor the integrity and structural strength of the seepage prevention system in real time, promptly detect construction hazards, reduce rework costs in the later stage, and ensure the long-term stability of the dam seepage prevention system.

[0029] In this embodiment, the steps for constructing the three-dimensional dynamic model include: S11 - Geological survey data of the dam body is collected through drilling equipment and 3D ground-penetrating radar. This data includes soil layer distribution data, permeability coefficient data, and bearing capacity data for the dam slope and reservoir area. Drilling equipment, such as core drilling rigs, is used to obtain samples of the underground soil layers within the dam body. By drilling and sampling, soil layer composition and thickness are analyzed to determine soil layer distribution and bearing capacity data. 3D ground-penetrating radar is a device that detects the distribution of underground media by emitting and receiving high-frequency electromagnetic waves. It can quickly obtain information such as the location of soil layer interfaces and the presence of fissures in the dam slope and reservoir area without requiring extensive drilling, thus helping to refine the soil layer distribution and permeability coefficient data.

[0030] S12 - Obtain the design parameters of the seepage prevention structure. The design parameters of the seepage prevention structure include: the material parameters of the dam seepage prevention body, the thickness parameters of the dam seepage prevention body, the laying range parameters of the reservoir seepage prevention body, and the connection dimension parameters of the anti-slip toothed wall with the dam seepage prevention body and the reservoir seepage prevention body.

[0031] S13 - The collected geological survey data of the dam body and the obtained design parameters of the seepage prevention structure are initially classified according to data type and imported into the model building platform. The initial data classification refers to dividing the data into two categories: geological data (soil layer distribution, permeability coefficient, bearing capacity) and design data (seepage prevention material, thickness, laying range, connection dimensions), to avoid low processing efficiency caused by mixing different types of data.

[0032] The S14 model building platform collaboratively processes imported data, performs 3D geometric modeling, and pre-verifies seepage prevention performance to form a 3D dynamic model. The model building platform refers to a professional software platform with data processing, modeling, and performance analysis capabilities, such as Revit and Bentley BIM software, which support multi-source data import, 3D modeling, and simulation analysis.

[0033] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models in this embodiment collects geological data by combining drilling equipment with three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar, balancing data accuracy and collection efficiency to ensure comprehensive and accurate geological survey data of the dam body; the data is imported into the model building platform according to data type classification, laying the foundation for subsequent collaborative data processing; and the platform is used to complete data processing, modeling, and seepage prevention performance pre-verification, so that the three-dimensional dynamic model not only has geometric presentation function, but can also predict seepage risks in advance, ensuring that the model can directly serve as a guide for subsequent construction and improving the reliability and efficiency of pre-construction preparation work.

[0034] Furthermore, the model building platform performs collaborative processing on the imported data, including: S141 - Using the data verification module built into the model building platform, outliers in the dam geological survey data (such as permeability coefficient data and bearing capacity data exceeding reasonable ranges) and contradictory parameters in the anti-seepage structure design parameters (such as parameters where the thickness of the anti-seepage body does not match the laying range) are removed. The data verification module refers to the built-in data analysis function module in the model building platform, which can preset reasonable data ranges (e.g., the reasonable range for the permeability coefficient of the gravel layer in a certain area is 1×10⁻⁶). -3 ~1×10 -4 (If the value exceeds cm / s, it is considered an outlier). Abnormal data is automatically identified and removed. For contradictory parameters (such as the designed impermeable body thickness being too thin to cover the preset laying range), the module prompts that manual confirmation or adjustment is required to ensure that the parameter logic is consistent.

[0035] S142 - Through parameter association algorithms, soil layer distribution data is bound to parameters related to the laying range of the impermeable body, permeability coefficient data to parameters related to the thickness of the impermeable body, and bearing capacity data to parameters related to the connection dimensions of the anti-slip toothed wall, forming a pre-processed database with interconnected data. The parameter association algorithm is a calculation algorithm that establishes logical relationships between different types of data. For example, if a section in the soil layer distribution data is a weakly permeable layer, then when associating the impermeable body laying range parameter, it ensures that no section of the impermeable body is missed; if a section in the permeability coefficient data has a high permeability coefficient, then when associating the impermeable body thickness parameter, the thickness of the impermeable body in that section is appropriately increased to improve the impermeability. Secondly, the pre-processed database is a structured database formed after data verification and parameter association. The data has clear logical relationships and is not stored in isolation. Subsequent modeling or parameter calculations can directly call the associated data without repeated integration.

[0036] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on 3D models in this embodiment eliminates outliers and contradictory parameters through a data verification module, avoiding erroneous data from affecting subsequent modeling and construction parameter calculations, and ensuring data accuracy. It establishes data linkage relationships based on parameter association algorithms, making different types of data form an organic whole, providing a logically clear data source for subsequent 3D geometric modeling and seepage prevention performance pre-verification. The formation of a preprocessed database significantly improves the efficiency of subsequent model construction and parameter output, while ensuring the consistency of data calls at each stage and reducing construction deviations caused by isolated data.

[0037] Secondly, three-dimensional geometric modeling includes: The S143 model building platform, based on a pre-processed database, generates 3D geometric models of the dam body, reservoir, anti-slide toothed wall, and seepage barrier, and annotates key parameters of each structure (such as seepage barrier thickness and anti-slide toothed wall connection dimensions). The 3D geometric model refers to the transformation of data from the pre-processed database into a visualized 3D structural model through the model building platform. This model intuitively presents the spatial morphology of the dam body (such as dam slope and curved sections), the planar extent of the reservoir, the location and shape of the anti-slide toothed wall, and the placement of the seepage barrier on the dam body and reservoir. Furthermore, the annotation of key parameters means directly marking core parameters affecting seepage prevention, such as the seepage barrier thickness and anti-slide toothed wall connection dimensions, at the corresponding structural locations in the 3D geometric model (e.g., marking "thickness XX" in the seepage barrier area and "connection dimension XX" at the connection between the anti-slide toothed wall and the seepage barrier). Construction personnel can directly view these parameters in the model without repeatedly consulting design documents.

[0038] Based on the above, the 3D model-based anti-seepage construction method for inclined wall dams in this embodiment uses a 3D geometric model generated from a preprocessed database to ensure a high degree of matching between the model and actual engineering geological conditions and design requirements, avoiding a disconnect between the model and the site. Key parameters are directly marked at the corresponding positions on the model, making the construction personnel's understanding of the core requirements of each structure more intuitive and accurate, reducing construction errors caused by misinterpretation of design documents. The visualized 3D model also provides a clear spatial carrier for subsequent construction simulation and process connection analysis, improving the rationality of construction planning.

[0039] In addition, the pre-verification of seepage prevention performance includes: S144 - Simulates the leakage path of the seepage prevention system under hydrostatic pressure. If pre-verification identifies leakage risk points (such as gaps at the junction of the anti-slip toothed wall and the seepage prevention body), the pre-processing database is retrieved in reverse, and the corresponding seepage prevention structure design parameters are adjusted (such as increasing the junction size of the anti-slip toothed wall). The model is then re-modeled and verified until the pre-verification results meet the preset seepage prevention standards, and finally, a three-dimensional dynamic model is output. Simulated hydrostatic pressure refers to simulating the hydrostatic pressure borne by the dam body after reservoir impoundment (such as the pressure value corresponding to the normal impoundment level) using the simulation function of the model building platform, and analyzing whether the water flow will penetrate the seepage prevention system and form a leakage path under this pressure. Leakage risk points refer to weak points in the seepage prevention system found during the simulation process. In addition to gaps at the junction of the anti-slip toothed wall and the seepage prevention body, these may also include the risk of seepage body damage due to unreasonable design at the joints of the seepage prevention body and insufficient thickness of the bedding layer. Reverse retrieval of the preprocessing database means that when a leakage risk point is discovered, there is no need to re-collect data. Instead, the design parameters related to the risk point (such as the connection dimension parameters of the anti-slip toothed wall) can be directly retrieved from the preprocessing database for targeted adjustments, thus avoiding duplicate data processing.

[0040] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models in this embodiment can identify potential risk points of the seepage prevention system in advance by simulating the seepage path under hydrostatic pressure, avoiding rework due to seepage problems after construction and significantly reducing rework costs. The method also reverse-engineers the preprocessing database to adjust parameters and re-verify them, ensuring that the parameter adjustments are supported by data and that the adjusted seepage prevention system still conforms to geological conditions and design logic. The final output three-dimensional dynamic model has higher seepage prevention reliability and provides more accurate guidance for on-site construction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the basic surface processing parameters includes: The S21-3D dynamic model is based on integrated dam geological survey data (including dam slope soil bearing capacity data and soil permeability coefficient data) and anti-seepage structure design parameters (including dam anti-seepage body thickness parameters and cushion layer thickness parameters). It calculates the load intensity that the dam slope foundation surface must bear and the flatness requirements of the anti-seepage system on the foundation surface, outputting the allowable deviation value for foundation surface flatness and the minimum value for foundation surface compaction parameters. The load intensity refers to the pressure generated by the weight of the superstructure that the dam slope foundation surface must bear, mainly including the weight of the cushion layer and the dam anti-seepage body. The model calculates this by combining the thickness of the dam anti-seepage body, the thickness of the cushion layer, and the material density (such as the density of the anti-seepage body material and the density of the cushion layer mortar). The flatness requirement refers to the surface flatness that the foundation surface must achieve to ensure uniform cushion layer laying and tight adhesion between the anti-seepage body and the foundation surface. If the foundation surface has excessive undulations, it can easily lead to localized thinness of the cushion layer or suspension of the anti-seepage body, increasing the risk of leakage. The model calculates the allowable deviation for flatness by combining the anti-seepage body laying requirements and the cushion layer thickness. The core parameters for foundation surface treatment are the allowable deviation of flatness (controlling the range of surface undulations of the foundation surface) and the minimum compaction value (controlling the density of the foundation surface to avoid later settlement). These are the core indicators guiding foundation surface repair and compaction.

[0042] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on a three-dimensional model in this embodiment integrates geological data and design data through a three-dimensional dynamic model to calculate the foundation surface treatment parameters. This avoids the unreasonable parameters caused by neglecting data correlation in traditional manual calculations (such as setting excessively high compaction without considering the soil bearing capacity, or setting excessively wide flatness deviation without considering the thickness of the seepage prevention body). The output allowable flatness deviation value and minimum compaction value provide clear standards for foundation surface treatment, ensuring that the quality of foundation surface treatment meets the requirements of subsequent cushion layer construction and seepage prevention body laying, and reducing subsequent seepage prevention risks caused by improper foundation surface treatment.

[0043] Furthermore, foundation surface data is collected using 3D scanning equipment, and this data is compared with foundation surface treatment parameters to ensure that the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface meet the preset seepage prevention standards, including: The S22-3D scanning equipment collects real-time surface elevation and compaction data of the foundation surface along the dam slope at a preset grid spacing. The preset grid spacing refers to the distance between the scanning points to ensure comprehensive and accurate data collection. The spacing is determined by the required accuracy of the foundation surface processing; higher accuracy requires smaller spacing to avoid missing substandard areas due to insufficient sampling points. Real-time surface elevation data refers to the actual elevation values ​​of each grid point on the foundation surface collected by the 3D scanning equipment, used to determine the flatness of the foundation surface. Standard foundation surface elevation data is the theoretical elevation value of the foundation surface generated by the 3D dynamic model based on design requirements.

[0044] S23 - The real-time surface elevation data is compared point-by-point with the standard base surface elevation data generated by the 3D dynamic model. The elevation deviation of each grid point is calculated. If the deviation exceeds the allowable deviation value for the flatness of the base surface, the area is repaired. Repair refers to using scrapers, milling equipment, etc., to cut off the high points and fill in the low points in areas where the elevation deviation exceeds the allowable range.

[0045] S24 - Compare the real-time compaction data with the standard foundation surface compaction data (i.e., the minimum compaction value of the foundation surface) generated by the 3D dynamic model. If the compaction is lower than the standard value, then the area is re-compacted. Re-compactment refers to the process of re-compacting areas with compaction lower than the standard value using equipment such as slope rollers and plate compactors.

[0046] S25 - Stop the comparison when the elevation deviation and compaction of all grid points meet the preset seepage prevention standards.

[0047] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on a three-dimensional model in this embodiment collects foundation surface data according to a preset grid spacing to ensure that data collection is comprehensive and avoids the failure to detect substandard areas. By comparing real-time data with standard model data point by point, the judgment of the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface is more accurate, avoiding the accidental deviation of traditional manual inspection (such as random sampling inspection). Targeted repairs and compaction are carried out for substandard areas to ensure that the overall quality of the foundation surface meets the preset seepage prevention standards, providing a flat and dense foundation for subsequent subbase construction and ensuring the fit between the subbase and the foundation surface.

[0048] In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the laying path parameters includes: The S51-3D dynamic model extracts dam slope data and arc-shaped section curvature data from integrated dam geological survey data, and extracts dam seepage barrier width parameters and expansion / contraction allowance requirements from integrated seepage barrier design parameters. Specifically, dam slope data refers to the inclination angle of the straight dam slope, affecting the laying direction of the seepage barrier. Arc-shaped section curvature data refers to the degree of curvature of the arc-shaped dam section, determining the required correction of the arc-shaped seepage barrier block size and laying direction. Expansion / contraction allowance requirements refer to the length allowance reserved during the laying of the seepage barrier to accommodate expansion and contraction caused by later dam settlement or temperature changes, preventing the seepage barrier from cracking due to expansion and contraction.

[0049] S52 - Using a path planning algorithm, the laying path is calculated in the order of straight dam slopes preceding curved dam slopes. For straight dam slopes, the laying starting point, laying direction, and overlap width of adjacent anti-seepage materials are calculated based on the width parameters of the dam body's anti-seepage material and the expansion / contraction allowance requirements. For curved dam slopes, the laying direction is corrected based on the curvature data of the curved section, and the size of the curved blocks is calculated based on the width parameters of the dam body's anti-seepage material, ensuring that each anti-seepage material is laid along the normal direction. "Normal direction laying" means that the laying direction of the anti-seepage material in the curved section is perpendicular to the tangent direction of the curved section, rather than along the tangent direction. This avoids wrinkles or excessive stretching of the anti-seepage material in the curved section, ensuring a tight fit between the anti-seepage material and the dam slope.

[0050] S53 integrates the calculation results of straight and curved dam slopes, outputting laying path parameters including laying start coordinates, laying direction angle, overlap width, and curved segment dimensions. The laying path parameters include laying start coordinates (determining the starting position of each impermeable body), laying direction angle (determining the inclination direction of the impermeable body laying), overlap width (determining the overlap width of adjacent impermeable bodies to ensure joint sealing), and curved segment dimensions (determining the size of each impermeable body in the curved segment), serving as direct guidance for impermeable body laying.

[0051] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on a three-dimensional model in this embodiment extracts key data from the model and calculates the laying path according to straight segments and curved segments, taking into account the laying requirements of different dam slope shapes and avoiding poor laying quality of the seepage prevention body in curved segments caused by uniform path planning; the curved segments are laid according to the normal direction and the laying direction is corrected to ensure that the seepage prevention body fits tightly with the dam slope, reduce wrinkles or tensile damage, and improve the seepage prevention effect; the detailed laying path parameters output provide clear guidance for construction personnel, avoid the arbitrariness of manual path planning, reduce the waste of seepage prevention body, and at the same time ensure the quality of the overlap of adjacent seepage prevention bodies and reduce the risk of leakage at the splice.

[0052] In this embodiment, obtaining the template support parameters includes: The S61-3D dynamic model is based on integrated seepage prevention structure design parameters (including concrete slope thickness, dam slope gradient, and dimensions of the skip-pour pouring blocks) and construction sequence logic (including formwork splicing sequence and support system load-bearing requirements). Through structural adaptation calculations, it outputs specific formwork dimensions (length, height, and thickness), actual fixed coordinates of the formwork on the dam slope, allowable values ​​for formwork splicing gaps, and formwork support parameters for support point spacing. The skip-pour pouring block dimensions refer to the dimensions of the concrete slope divided into several independent blocks for multiple pours to avoid cracking due to concrete shrinkage after pouring. These dimensions are determined by the model in conjunction with concrete shrinkage characteristics and construction efficiency. The support system load-bearing requirements refer to the load requirements that the formwork support structure must withstand, mainly including the self-weight of the concrete and the weight of construction personnel and equipment during pouring. These requirements are calculated by the model in conjunction with the concrete slope thickness and pouring method (such as chute entry or overhead pump entry). Structural adaptation calculation refers to the calculation of formwork support parameters that are adapted to the actual height of the project by combining the thickness of the concrete slope protection structure (to determine the formwork height), the slope of the dam (to determine the formwork tilt angle and fixing method), the size of the skip-pour blocks (to determine the formwork length), and the load-bearing requirements of the support system (to determine the formwork thickness and the spacing between support points). This avoids concrete pouring deformation caused by unreasonable formwork size or fixing method.

[0053] Based on the above, the 3D model-based seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams in this embodiment integrates design parameters and process logic through model integration to perform structural adaptation calculations. This ensures that the formwork support parameters meet both the structural design requirements of the concrete slope protection and the practical needs of the construction process (such as matching the formwork splicing sequence with the skip-pour pouring sequence). The output parameters, such as formwork dimensions, fixed coordinates, allowable splicing gaps, and support point spacing, provide precise guidance for formwork support, avoiding problems such as formwork deformation and concrete slope protection forming deviations caused by traditional manual estimation of formwork parameters. This ensures the structural dimensions and flatness of the concrete slope protection and further enhances the integrity of the seepage prevention system.

[0054] Furthermore, the thickness data of the poured concrete is collected and compared with the thickness data designed in the model for correction, including: S62 - During the template erection process, the actual dimensions of the template, the coordinates of the actual fixed position, and the splicing gap data are collected respectively. The actual dimensions are compared with the template dimensions, the actual fixed coordinates are compared with the fixed coordinates output by the model, and the actual splicing gap is compared with the allowable gap value output by the model. If any data deviation exceeds the preset range, it is corrected by adjusting the template position, replacing the template with a template of suitable size, or filling the splicing gap.

[0055] S63 - After correction, the concrete slope protection structure is poured. During the pouring process, a laser thickness gauge is used to collect the actual pouring thickness data of the concrete along the slope surface according to a preset grid. The actual thickness data is compared point by point with the design thickness data output by the 3D dynamic model. If the actual thickness is less than the design thickness, additional concrete is poured; if the actual thickness is greater than the design thickness, the excess part is trimmed, thus achieving pouring thickness correction. A laser thickness gauge is a high-precision device that measures the thickness of an object by emitting a laser beam. During the concrete pouring process, it can collect the actual thickness of each grid point of the slope protection in real time, avoiding the lag and error of traditional manual rod measurement. Template correction methods include: adjusting the template position (translating or rotating the template with fixed coordinate deviation to conform to the model requirements); replacing the template with a suitable size (replacing the template with a new template that conforms to the model size for templates with actual size deviations exceeding the standard); filling the splicing gaps (filling the splicing gaps with sealing materials (such as foam strips or sealant) to prevent grout leakage during concrete pouring); and pouring additional concrete (pouring concrete to areas where the actual thickness is less than the design thickness using chutes or small-diameter pipes). Trimming excess concrete refers to removing excess concrete from areas where the actual thickness is greater than the design thickness using a trowel or milling machine before the concrete initially sets.

[0056] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models in this embodiment uses data comparison and correction during the formwork erection process to eliminate deviations in formwork size, position, and splicing gaps in advance, avoiding defects in concrete slope protection caused by formwork problems. During the pouring process, a laser thickness gauge collects thickness data in real time and compares it with the model design data to achieve dynamic correction of concrete thickness, ensuring uniform slope protection thickness and avoiding localized thinness affecting seepage prevention and structural strength, or localized excessive thickness causing material waste. The entire process of pre-correction + in-process monitoring mode significantly improves the construction quality of concrete slope protection and ensures its protective function for the dam's seepage prevention body.

[0057] In this embodiment, the establishment of the quality traceability system and the model monitoring logic are as follows: S71 - Construction personnel first assign unique identifiers to the test data of each construction step (including foundation surface compaction test reports, subbase strength test records, airtightness test results of anti-seepage welds, and concrete slope protection strength test data) and corresponding construction section image data (including foundation surface treatment images, anti-seepage laying images, formwork erection images, and pouring process images), and bind them to the spatial location of the corresponding section in the 3D dynamic model to build a traceable quality traceability system. The unique identifier refers to a unique code assigned to each construction section (e.g., "K0+300~K1+000-01"). Each code corresponds one-to-one with the spatial location of that section in the 3D dynamic model, allowing for quick retrieval of all test data and image data for that section.

[0058] S72 - When monitoring the integrity and structural strength of the seepage prevention system, the system uses a 3D dynamic model to retrieve the bound data of the corresponding section: The model's sectioning function is used to view image data and test data at the connection between the seepage prevention body and the anti-slip toothed wall, and at the splicing points of the seepage prevention body, to determine if there are any gaps or potential leakage hazards; concrete slope protection strength test data is retrieved and compared with the preset concrete strength standard value in the model to determine if the structural strength meets the standard, and an integrity and strength monitoring report is generated simultaneously. The model sectioning function refers to the visualization function of the 3D dynamic model, which can cut the model in any direction to view image data and test data of the internal structure of the dam (such as the connection between the seepage prevention body and the anti-slip toothed wall, and at the splicing points of the seepage prevention body), rather than just viewing the surface morphology. The monitoring report includes documents containing the results of the seepage prevention system integrity assessment (such as the presence of gaps and potential leakage hazards) and the structural strength assessment results (such as whether the concrete slope protection strength meets the standard), which can serve as the basis for construction quality acceptance and subsequent operation and maintenance.

[0059] Based on the above, the seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models in this embodiment binds detection data, image data and model sections with unique identifiers, realizing the linkage and traceability of data-location-image. If seepage problems are subsequently discovered, the problematic section can be quickly located and historical construction data can be retrieved to clarify the cause of the problem and reduce investigation time. The model sectioning function combined with data retrieval allows for a direct view of the quality status of the seepage prevention structure inside the dam, avoiding the limitations of traditional detection methods that cannot penetrate deep into the interior. The real-time generated monitoring report provides a clear basis for construction quality control, ensuring the integrity of the seepage prevention system and the compliance of structural strength standards. At the same time, it lays a data foundation for project acceptance and long-term operation and maintenance, ensuring the long-term safe operation of the dam.

[0060] In summary, the 3D model-based seepage prevention construction method for inclined wall dams in this embodiment uses a 3D dynamic model as its core carrier. By integrating geological survey data of the dam body, seepage prevention structure design parameters, and logical relationships of construction procedures, it generates construction parameters (such as foundation surface treatment parameters, seepage prevention body laying path parameters, and formwork support parameters) adapted to the actual project through coupling analysis and seepage prevention performance pre-verification. Based on the model, it achieves real-time data comparison and correction during construction, full-process quality traceability, and dynamic monitoring of the seepage prevention system, constructing a closed-loop technology system encompassing data integration, simulation optimization, precise construction, and dynamic monitoring. Based on this, this application solves the problems of large deviations in manually integrated data, rough parameter estimation, and reliance on post-construction testing in traditional construction. It not only improves the accuracy of each construction stage, such as foundation surface treatment, seepage prevention body laying, and concrete slope protection, reducing the risk of seepage in the seepage prevention system from the source, but also optimizes the efficiency of process connections, reduces rework costs, and ultimately ensures the integrity, structural stability, and long-term safe operation of the inclined wall dam seepage prevention system. It can efficiently adapt to the seepage prevention construction needs of inclined wall dams under ultra-large or complex geological conditions.

[0061] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any suitable combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processor can be implemented in one or more of the following: application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to implement the functions described herein, or combinations thereof. For software implementation, some or all of the processes of the embodiments can be performed by a computer program instructing the associated hardware. During implementation, the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transmission of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to a computer. Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code having the form of instructions or data structures and accessible to a computer.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for seepage prevention construction of a sloping wall dam based on a three-dimensional model, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A three-dimensional dynamic model of the seepage prevention system of the inclined wall dam is constructed. The integrated data is coupled and analyzed through the three-dimensional dynamic model. Based on the analysis results, a multi-segment division scheme of the seepage prevention system is determined. The efficiency of process connection and resource matching under different construction sequences are simulated through the three-dimensional dynamic model to optimize the zoning construction plan. The integrated data includes the geological survey data of the dam body after model integration, the design parameters of the seepage prevention structure, and the logical relationship of the construction process. Based on the foundation surface treatment parameters calculated and output by the three-dimensional dynamic model and integrated data, the foundation surface of the dam slope is trimmed and compacted. Foundation surface data is collected by a three-dimensional scanning device, and the foundation surface data is compared with the foundation surface treatment parameters to ensure that the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface meet the preset seepage prevention standards. A subbase layer is constructed on the treated foundation surface. Data of the subbase layer is collected in real time through the three-dimensional dynamic model. The subbase layer data is compared with the subbase layer design data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model based on the integrated data to monitor the accuracy, and the subbase layer is cured to the preset strength. When constructing anti-slide toothed walls at the toe of the dam slope, the connection interface between the anti-slide toothed walls and the dam body seepage prevention body and the reservoir seepage prevention body is located by using the three-dimensional dynamic model based on the integrated data analysis to determine the connection interface position, and a fitting connection structure is reserved at the connection interface. Based on the laying path parameters generated by the integrated data calculation of the three-dimensional dynamic model, the dam seepage prevention body is laid from bottom to top on the cushion layer. One end of the dam seepage prevention body is connected to the interlocking connection structure, and the other end extends to the top of the dam to form a seepage prevention system. The laying data is collected and fed back to the three-dimensional dynamic model for verification. Based on the template support parameters generated by the integrated data according to the three-dimensional dynamic model, the template is supported, the concrete slope protection structure is poured, and the pouring thickness data is collected and compared and corrected with the model design thickness data. The concrete slope protection structure is maintained, and a quality traceability system is established based on the three-dimensional dynamic model. The detection data and image data of each link are linked, and the integrity and structural strength of the seepage prevention system are analyzed and monitored through the three-dimensional dynamic model.

2. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for constructing the three-dimensional dynamic model include: Geological survey data of the dam body was collected using drilling equipment and three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar. The geological survey data of the dam body includes: soil layer distribution data, permeability coefficient data, and bearing capacity data of the dam slope and reservoir area. Obtain the design parameters of the seepage prevention structure, which include: the material parameters of the dam seepage prevention body, the thickness parameters of the dam seepage prevention body, the laying range parameters of the reservoir seepage prevention body, and the connection dimension parameters of the anti-slip toothed wall with the dam seepage prevention body and the reservoir seepage prevention body; The collected geological survey data of the dam body and the obtained seepage prevention structure design parameters are initially classified according to data type and imported into the model building platform; The model building platform performs collaborative processing, three-dimensional geometric modeling, and pre-verification of seepage prevention performance on the imported data to form the three-dimensional dynamic model.

3. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 2, characterized in that, The model building platform performs collaborative processing on the imported data, including: The data verification module built into the model building platform is used to remove outliers from the geological survey data of the dam body and contradictory parameters from the anti-seepage structure design parameters. Through parameter association algorithms, soil layer distribution data is bound to parameters of the seepage barrier laying range, permeability coefficient data is bound to parameters of the seepage barrier thickness, and bearing capacity data is bound to parameters of the connection size of the anti-slip toothed wall, forming a preprocessed database with data linkage.

4. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three-dimensional geometric modeling includes: The model building platform generates three-dimensional geometric models of the dam body, reservoir, anti-slide toothed wall, and seepage prevention body based on the preprocessed database, and annotates the key parameters of each structure.

5. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pre-verification of seepage prevention performance includes: The leakage path of the seepage prevention system under hydrostatic pressure is simulated. If a leakage risk point is found in the pre-verification, the pre-processing database is retrieved in reverse, the corresponding seepage prevention structure design parameters are adjusted, the model is re-modeled and verified, until the pre-verification result meets the preset seepage prevention standard, and finally the three-dimensional dynamic model is output.

6. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the basic surface processing parameters includes: The three-dimensional dynamic model is based on integrated dam geological survey data and seepage prevention structure design parameters. It calculates the load intensity that the dam slope foundation surface needs to bear and the flatness requirements of the seepage prevention system on the foundation surface, and outputs the allowable deviation value of the foundation surface flatness and the minimum value of the foundation surface compaction as foundation surface treatment parameters.

7. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method of acquiring foundation surface data using a 3D scanning device, comparing the foundation surface data with the foundation surface processing parameters, and ensuring that the flatness and compaction of the foundation surface meet the preset seepage prevention standards includes: The 3D scanning equipment collects real-time surface elevation data and real-time compaction data of the foundation surface along the dam slope at a preset grid spacing; The real-time surface elevation data is compared point by point with the standard base surface elevation data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model. The elevation deviation of each grid point is calculated. If the deviation exceeds the allowable deviation value of the base surface flatness, the area is repaired. The real-time compaction data is compared with the standard base surface compaction data generated by the three-dimensional dynamic model. If the compaction is lower than the standard value, the area is further compacted. The comparison is stopped when the elevation deviation and density of all grid points meet the preset seepage prevention standards.

8. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the laying path parameters includes: The three-dimensional dynamic model extracts dam slope data and arc segment curvature data from the integrated dam geological survey data, and extracts dam seepage prevention body width parameters and expansion and contraction allowance requirements from the integrated seepage prevention structure design parameters. Using a path planning algorithm, the laying paths are calculated in the order of straight dam slopes first and curved dam slopes last. For straight dam slopes, the laying starting point, laying direction, and overlap width of adjacent anti-seepage bodies are calculated based on the width parameters of the dam body's anti-seepage body and the expansion allowance requirements. For curved dam slopes, the laying direction is corrected based on the curvature data of the curved section, and the size of the curved blocks is calculated based on the width parameters of the dam body's anti-seepage body, so that each anti-seepage body block is laid along the normal direction. The calculation results of the straight and curved dam slopes are integrated to output paving path parameters with paving start coordinates, paving direction angle, overlap width value and curved block size.

9. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the template support parameters includes: The three-dimensional dynamic model is based on the integrated seepage prevention structure design parameters and construction procedure logic. Through structural adaptation calculation, it outputs the specific dimensions of the template, the actual fixed coordinates of the template on the dam slope, the allowable value of the template splicing gap, and the template support parameters of the support point spacing.

10. The method for seepage prevention construction of inclined wall dams based on three-dimensional models according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of collecting and comparing the pouring thickness data with the model design thickness data includes: During the template erection process, the actual dimensions, actual fixed position coordinates, and splicing gap data of the template are collected respectively. The actual dimensions are compared with the template dimensions, the actual fixed coordinates are compared with the fixed coordinates output by the model, and the actual splicing gap is compared with the allowable gap value output by the model. If any data deviation exceeds the preset range, it is corrected by adjusting the template position, replacing the template with a template of suitable size, or filling the splicing gap. After the correction is completed, the concrete slope protection structure is poured. During the pouring process, the actual pouring thickness data of the concrete is collected along the slope surface of the slope protection by a laser thickness gauge according to the preset grid. The actual thickness data is compared with the design thickness data output by the three-dimensional dynamic model point by point. If the actual thickness is less than the design thickness, concrete is poured in addition. If the actual thickness is greater than the design thickness, the excess part is trimmed to achieve the pouring thickness correction.

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