High-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristic

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with a filtering characteristic, and belongs to the technical field of communication equipment, and the antenna comprises an antenna radiation layer which is printed on a first dielectric substrate and comprises four annular units, and the four annular units are arranged in a four-leaf clover shape on a horizontal plane; the parasitic structure layer is printed on the second dielectric substrate and arranged above the antenna radiation layer in parallel, the parasitic structure layer comprises a circular patch and four sections of arc rings, the circular patch is located at the center of the second dielectric substrate, and the four sections of arc rings are evenly distributed around the circular patch; and the reflection cavity comprises a bottom plate and four reflection walls, the four reflection walls are vertically connected with four edges of the bottom plate to form a semi-open cavity, and the antenna radiation layer and the parasitic structure layer are arranged in the reflection cavity. The antenna covers all 5G communication frequency bands between 1.7 GHz and 3.7 GHz, gain attenuation in a passband is gentle, the antenna has the functions of ultra wide band, high gain and filtering, and the antenna is simple in structure and convenient to process and assemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication equipment technology, and specifically relates to a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] With the commercial deployment and continuous evolution of 5G communication technology, mobile communication networks need to support multi-band, high-speed, and high-capacity data transmission. Antennas are a key component of mobile communication networks, responsible for transmitting and receiving wireless signals; their performance directly determines network coverage quality and transmission efficiency. To balance construction costs and network performance, ultra-wideband antennas capable of covering multiple 5G frequency bands, as well as filtering antennas that reduce system complexity, have become important development directions for current base station antenna technology. Traditional antennas generally adopt an array structure, consisting of multiple radiating elements arranged in a specific pattern and fed by a feed network. However, traditional antenna designs are typically optimized for specific, relatively narrow communication frequency bands, making it difficult to cover the wider frequency bands required by 5G. Furthermore, in multi-band co-location deployments, electromagnetic interference between antennas from different systems becomes a significant problem, affecting system signal quality. Therefore, ultra-wideband antenna technology has emerged, aiming to enable a single antenna to operate effectively over an extremely wide frequency range (e.g., 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz) to meet the needs of 5G multi-band co-location deployments. Traditional ultra-wideband antennas typically employ techniques such as slotting and fractal designs to broaden their bandwidth. However, these antennas lack frequency selectivity, indiscriminately receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves both inside and outside their operating band, making them susceptible to out-of-band interference and leading to a decrease in the system's signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, in practical applications, a separate bandpass filter must be connected, which not only increases the system's insertion loss, size, and cost but also enhances the complexity of installation and maintenance. To address these issues, filtered antenna technology has emerged, its core idea being the integration of the filter's frequency selectivity with the antenna's radiation function. Existing technologies include several designs that combine filtering structures with radiating elements. For example, Chinese patent CN202022756474.2 discloses a 5G filtered antenna integrating a successor network, claiming that no external filter is required. However, such designs often have significant limitations: on the one hand, their effective operating frequency band is usually narrow (e.g., only covering 3.38GHz-3.62GHz), making it difficult to adapt to the full-band requirements of 5G; on the other hand, to achieve filtering performance, the antenna structure often becomes complex, introducing multi-layer dielectric substrates, multiple resonant cavities, or complex plastic mounting components, resulting in high processing difficulty, low production efficiency, and high cost. For dual-polarized filter antennas, high gain is a key indicator for ensuring long-distance signal coverage and transmission quality. Existing ultra-wideband antennas or filter antennas generally suffer from low gain within the passband or excessive gain fluctuations with frequency. For example, some antennas can achieve a gain of 9dBi in the 4GHz band, but the gain is less than 3dBi in the 2GHz band. This drastic gain attenuation seriously affects the consistency of signal coverage across different frequency bands.Furthermore, the ultra-wideband antenna disclosed in Chinese patent CN201910460388.6 has discontinuous frequency band coverage (2300MHz~2700MHz and 3600MHz~3700MHz), failing to cover key 5G frequency bands such as 1.71GHz. It cannot meet the multi-band compatibility requirements in the commercialization of 5G networks, and lacks effective out-of-band suppression capabilities, making it susceptible to out-of-band signal interference from other frequency bands, resulting in decreased communication stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics, thereby solving the issues of insufficient bandwidth coverage, poor gain performance, and complex structure of existing ultra-wideband antennas.

[0004] A high-gain ultrawideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics includes: The antenna radiating layer is printed on the first dielectric substrate and includes four ring units. The four ring units are arranged in a clover shape on the horizontal plane and form a pair of intersecting double ring dipoles. Each double ring dipole includes two symmetrically arranged ring units. The parasitic structure layer is printed on the second dielectric substrate and disposed parallel to the antenna radiating layer. The parasitic structure layer includes a circular patch and four arc rings. The circular patch is located at the center of the second dielectric substrate, and the four arc rings are evenly distributed around the circular patch. The reflective cavity includes a base plate and four reflective walls. The four reflective walls are perpendicularly connected to the four sides of the base plate to form a semi-open cavity. The antenna radiation layer and the parasitic structure layer are disposed in the reflective cavity.

[0005] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the four ring units are a first ring unit, a second ring unit, a third ring unit, and a fourth ring unit, wherein the first ring unit is located on the upper layer of the first dielectric substrate, and the second, third, and fourth ring units are all located on the lower layer of the first dielectric substrate.

[0006] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vertices of the four ring units are all located at the center of the first dielectric substrate.

[0007] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, all four ring units are pentagonal ring structures, wherein the vertices of the first ring unit and the second ring unit extend outward, and a rectangular structure is connected to one side of the vertex extension of the first ring unit, and the third ring unit has the same structure as the fourth ring unit.

[0008] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, three cylindrical through holes are provided in the bottom region of the first annular unit and the middle region of the rectangular structure. Copper pillars are provided in the cylindrical through holes, and the copper pillars penetrate the first dielectric substrate and the antenna radiating layer to form an electrical connection channel.

[0009] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the parasitic structure layer is located 4 mm above the antenna radiating layer.

[0010] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the central angle of the arc ring is 60°, and the four arc ring segments are evenly arranged on the circumference at 90-degree intervals.

[0011] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the base plate is disposed parallel to the antenna radiating layer directly below it, and the distance between the base plate and the antenna radiating layer is 29.2 mm.

[0012] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the four arc rings are axially symmetrically distributed along the diagonal of the second dielectric substrate.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the center of the arc ring is 20.61 mm away from the center of the circular patch.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the antenna operates in a frequency band of 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz, with an average gain of 9.87 dBi and a peak gain of 10.87 dBi within the passband.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, both the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are FR4 dielectric substrates.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: 1. It achieves integrated ultra-wideband coverage and high-performance filtering, solving the problem of system complexity. This invention integrates filtering functionality into the antenna structure, achieving a unified antenna and filter. The parasitic structure layer and the radiating element create a coupling effect, resulting in highly efficient frequency selectivity, enabling the antenna to suppress out-of-band interference signals. This invention covers all frequency bands from 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz and also provides filtering capabilities. It overcomes the limitations of existing ultra-wideband antennas, which only cover the 2300 MHz to 2700 MHz and 3600 MHz bands, fail to cover the 5G band near 1.71 GHz, thus lacking multi-band compatibility, and also lack support for out-of-band interference and high antenna gain.

[0017] 2. A high and flat passband gain was achieved, significantly improving signal coverage quality and transmission distance. This invention effectively focuses and directs the electromagnetic wave energy radiated by the antenna into a predetermined radiation direction through the synergistic effect of a semi-open reflective cavity, significantly reducing energy leakage to the rear. Simultaneously, optimized radiating elements and parasitic structure design ensure efficient energy radiation over a wide frequency band. The antenna achieves excellent performance with high gain and smooth gain variation across the entire ultra-wide operating frequency band from 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz. Actual measurement data shows that its average gain in the passband reaches 9.87 dBi, its peak gain reaches 10.87 dBi, and its gain fluctuation is less than 2 dBi.

[0018] 3. The antenna structure is simple and compact, facilitating manufacturing and reducing costs while improving production efficiency. The structure of this invention is implemented using FR4 substrate through printing or etching, including the radiating element, parasitic structure, and walls of the reflective cavity. The entire antenna lacks complex three-dimensional components; all parts can be processed using mature PCB (printed circuit board) technology. This planar and modular design facilitates standardization and mass production, reducing processing difficulty and mold costs, and minimizing assembly steps, thereby improving production efficiency. Compared to existing 5G filter antennas, which exhibit significant gain attenuation with frequency changes within the operating passband and have complex structures, this invention shows gradual gain attenuation across multiple 5G frequency bands and lacks complex three-dimensional structures, making processing and assembly simpler.

[0019] 4. Perfectly adapts to the requirements of 5G multi-band networking and has broad application prospects. The antenna of this invention has a complete operating frequency band covering the range of 1.7GHz to 3.7GHz, which includes the main commercial frequency bands of current 5G communication (such as 1.8GHz, 2.1GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.5GHz, etc.), achieving true multi-band compatibility.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of an antenna radiating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower surface structure of an antenna radiating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the parasitic structure layer provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reflective cavity provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna standing wave ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is an actual gain diagram of an antenna provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a 1.7GHz antenna pattern provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a 2.7GHz antenna pattern provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a 3.7GHz antenna pattern provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure label: 1-Antenna radiating layer; 2-Parasitic structure layer; 3-Reflecting cavity; 11-First ring unit; 12-Second ring unit; 13-Third ring unit; 14-Fourth ring unit; 15-First dielectric substrate; 16-Rectangular structure; 21-Circular patch; 22-Circular ring; 23-Second dielectric substrate; 31-Base plate; 32-Reflective wall. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Example 1 Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the invention. Figures 1-10 This invention provides a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics, comprising: Antenna radiating layer 1 is printed on the first dielectric substrate 15 and includes four ring units. The four ring units are arranged in a clover shape on the horizontal plane. The four ring units form a pair of intersecting double ring dipoles, wherein each double ring dipole includes two symmetrically arranged ring units. Parasitic structure layer 2 is printed on the second dielectric substrate 23 and disposed parallel above the antenna radiating layer 1. The parasitic structure layer 2 includes a circular patch 21 and four arc rings 22. The circular patch 21 is located at the center of the second dielectric substrate 23, and the four arc rings 22 are evenly distributed around the circular patch 21. The reflective cavity 3 includes a base plate 31 and four reflective walls 32. The four reflective walls 32 are perpendicularly connected to the four sides of the base plate 31 to form a semi-open cavity. The antenna radiation layer 1 and the parasitic structure layer 2 are disposed inside the reflective cavity 3.

[0035] Both the first dielectric substrate 15 and the second dielectric substrate 23 are FR4 dielectric substrates.

[0036] Specifically, the four ring units are the first ring unit 11, the second ring unit 12, the third ring unit 13 and the fourth ring unit 14, wherein the first ring unit 11 is located on the upper layer of the first dielectric substrate 15, and the second ring unit 12, the third ring unit 13 and the fourth ring unit 14 are all located on the lower layer of the first dielectric substrate 15.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the antenna radiating layer is optimized and differentiated to achieve optimal impedance matching and radiation performance. In this embodiment, the first dielectric substrate 15 is a square FR4 substrate measuring 60mm × 60mm × 0.8mm. The four ring units are arranged in a staggered, upper-lower layer layout. The first ring unit 11 is disposed solely on the upper layer of the first dielectric substrate 15, located in the upper left corner. The second ring unit 12, third ring unit 13, and fourth ring unit 14 are all disposed on the lower layer of the first dielectric substrate 15, and are complementary to the upper ring unit 11. This distribution results in the four ring units being arranged in a cloverleaf shape on the horizontal plane. This structure improves the surface current distribution of the antenna, extends the antenna's operating frequency in the high-frequency range, and, moreover, achieves the integration of cross dipoles within the planar space of the FR4 substrate, greatly improving space utilization within the limited substrate area and laying the foundation for a compact antenna design.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve balanced feeding and good radiation characteristics of the cross dipole, the contours of each ring unit are differentiated. The first ring unit 11 and the second ring unit 12 have the same shape and size, and are arranged axially symmetrically about the geometric center of the first dielectric substrate 15 in the horizontal plane. This symmetry ensures that the dipole formed by this unit has a symmetrical current distribution and radiation pattern in one polarization direction. The third ring unit 13 and the fourth ring unit 14 also have the same shape and size, and are arranged axially symmetrically about the geometric center of the first dielectric substrate 15 in the horizontal plane to form a dipole in another polarization direction. The contour design of the third ring unit 13 and the fourth ring unit 14 complements that of the first ring unit 11 and the second ring unit 12.

[0039] Furthermore, all four ring units are pentagonal ring structures. The vertices of the first ring unit 11 and the second ring unit 12 extend outwards. A rectangular structure 16 is connected to one side of the extended vertex of the first ring unit 11. The third ring unit 13 and the fourth ring unit 14 have the same structure. The vertices of all four ring units are located at the center of the first dielectric substrate 15. Three cylindrical through holes are formed in the bottom area of ​​the first ring unit 11 and the middle area of ​​the rectangular structure 16. Copper pillars are placed in the cylindrical through holes, and the copper pillars penetrate the first dielectric substrate 15 and the antenna radiating layer 1 to form an electrical connection channel.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the overall outline of the first ring unit 11 and the second ring unit 12 is a pentagonal ring with its vertex offset outwards. The vertex position is integrally connected to a rectangular structure with dimensions of 3.88mm × 3.20mm. Similarly, the overall outline of the third ring unit 13 and the fourth ring unit 14 is also a pentagonal ring with its vertex offset outwards. The rectangular region extending from the vertex of the first ring unit 11 / second ring unit 12 is removed from the vertices of the second ring unit 14, thus complementing the first ring unit 11 / second ring unit 12. This differentiated outline design can match the current distribution characteristics of the dipole, helping to optimize the impedance matching state of the radiating element. Specifically, on the one hand, necessary physical space is left for the feeding structure of adjacent units (such as a rectangular feeding plate) to avoid electrical short circuits or excessive coupling. On the other hand, by fine-tuning the current path lengths on different arms, the resonance characteristics of the antenna at different frequency points are collaboratively optimized, thereby jointly widening the overall operating bandwidth of the antenna.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, to achieve electrical connection of the annular cross dipole, a rectangular structure 16 is connected to the apex extension side of the first annular unit 11. Simultaneously, three cylindrical through-holes are formed in the bottom region of the first annular unit 11 and the middle region of the rectangular structure 16. Copper pillars are disposed within the cylindrical through-holes to form electrical interconnection channels. The copper pillars employ a through-type power supply structure, which can reduce power supply losses and enhance the reliability of electrical connections between upper and lower units.

[0042] Specifically, the parasitic structure layer 2 is located 4 mm above the antenna radiating layer 1. Four arc-shaped rings 22 are axially symmetrically distributed along the diagonal of the second dielectric substrate 23. The central angle of each arc-shaped ring 22 is 60°, and the four arc-shaped rings 22 are evenly spaced 90 degrees apart on the circumference. The center of each arc-shaped ring 22 is 20.61 mm from the center of the circular patch 21.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a parasitic structure layer 2 is added on the basis of the antenna radiating layer 1 to optimize the antenna performance. The parasitic structure layer 2 is printed on the second dielectric substrate 23, which is a square FR4 board material of 60mm×60mm×0.8mm, and the board material is located 4mm directly above the antenna radiating layer 1. The parasitic structure layer 2 consists of a circular patch 21 and four equally distributed arc rings 22. The circular patch 21 is located at the geometric center of the FR4 substrate, with a radius of 14.55 mm. The outer arc rings 22 are radially distributed with respect to the central circle. Each arc ring 22 has a central angle of 60° and a width of 1.94 mm. The four arc rings 22 are axially symmetrical along the diagonal of the FR4 substrate. Adjacent arc rings 22 are evenly spaced at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction. The center of each arc ring 22 is 20.61 mm from the center of the circular patch 21, which is one-quarter of the intermediate frequency wavelength. The circular patch 21 improves the impedance matching of the antenna by optimizing the resonance effect with the antenna section, ultimately enabling the antenna to achieve ultra-wideband performance. The four arc rings 22 affect the gain of the high-frequency part of the antenna, ultimately causing a sharp drop in the gain of the high-frequency part of the antenna, thus achieving filtering performance. The parasitic structure couples with the antenna element, which can significantly enhance the antenna's filtering characteristics. The size matching and distributed layout of the central circular patch 21 and the outer arc ring 22 can suppress specific interference signals outside the operating frequency band. At the same time, the axisymmetric and uniform arrangement of the arc ring 22 can effectively avoid additional disturbances to the beam characteristics of the antenna's main radiation direction, ensuring the stability of the antenna's core performance such as radiation gain and directivity coefficient within the operating frequency band.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, to optimize the antenna's reflection performance, a reflective cavity 3 is further designed based on the antenna radiating layer 1 and the parasitic structure layer 2. This structure concentrates the electromagnetic wave energy radiated by the antenna towards the transmission direction, improving the antenna's gain within the passband and achieving high antenna gain. Specifically, the reflective cavity 3 consists of an integrally connected base plate 31 and four reflective walls 32. Both the base plate 31 and the four reflective walls 32 are made of FR4 substrate. The base plate 31 is arranged parallel to the antenna radiating layer 1 directly below it, with a distance of 29.2 mm between it and the antenna radiating layer 1. The base plate 31 has planar dimensions of 180mm × 200mm and is printed on an FR4 substrate of the same size and 0.8mm thickness. Four reflective walls 32 are arranged perpendicularly around the edge of the base plate 31, forming a semi-open cavity structure. The two front and rear reflective walls 32, distributed along the length of the base plate 31, have planar dimensions of 180mm × 45mm, while the two left and right reflective walls 32, distributed along the width of the base plate 31, have planar dimensions of 200mm × 45mm. All four reflective walls 32 are printed on an FR4 substrate of the same size as the base plate 31 and with a thickness of 0.8mm. This reflective cavity structure design allows for efficient reflection of the radiated signal from the antenna element through the base plate 31, reducing energy loss into the downward space. At the same time, the four reflective walls 32 can constrain the electromagnetic environment inside the cavity, reducing the impact of external clutter interference on antenna performance.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the antenna operates in a frequency band of 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the antenna's VSWR is less than 1.85 in the operating frequency band, and further reduced to below 1.5 in the high-frequency band of 2.4GHz to 3.7GHz, achieving excellent impedance matching characteristics of the antenna over a wide frequency range.

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the antenna achieves a high gain of 9.87 dBi and a peak gain of 10.87 dBi within the 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz operating frequency band. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits a sharp gain drop of 16.4 dB at a high frequency of 3700 MHz and a sharp gain drop of 14.3 dB at a low frequency of 1700 MHz, achieving good isolation between the passband and stopband. Moreover, compared to existing ultra-wideband antennas that only cover the 2300 MHz to 2700 MHz and 3600 MHz to 3700 MHz frequency bands, failing to cover the 5 GHz band near 1.71 GHz and thus unable to meet multi-band compatibility requirements, the ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna structure designed in this invention can cover all frequency bands from 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz and also possesses filtering capabilities.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 8-10As shown, the antenna exhibits clear and distinct main lobe contours in its radiation patterns at the 1.7 GHz, 2.7 GHz, and 3.7 GHz frequencies within the operating frequency band, and the maximum radiation gain consistently occurs at the 0° radiation direction, achieving directional and concentrated signal energy transmission. Simultaneously, in the radiation direction, the antenna's main polarization gain at the three key frequencies is significantly higher than its cross-polarization gain, achieving a cross-polarization ratio exceeding 15 dB. This effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference caused by cross-polarization components, enhancing the anti-interference capability of signal transmission.

[0048] In summary, the high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics described in this invention has the following advantages: 1. It achieves integrated ultra-wideband coverage and high-performance filtering, solving the problem of system complexity. This invention integrates filtering functionality into the antenna structure, achieving a unified antenna and filter. The parasitic structure layer and the radiating element create a coupling effect, resulting in highly efficient frequency selectivity, enabling the antenna to suppress out-of-band interference signals. This invention covers all frequency bands from 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz and also provides filtering capabilities. It overcomes the limitations of existing ultra-wideband antennas, which only cover the 2300 MHz to 2700 MHz and 3600 MHz bands, fail to cover the 5G band near 1.71 GHz, thus lacking multi-band compatibility, and also lack support for out-of-band interference and high antenna gain.

[0049] 2. A high and flat passband gain was achieved, significantly improving signal coverage quality and transmission distance. This invention effectively focuses and directs the electromagnetic wave energy radiated by the antenna into a predetermined radiation direction through the synergistic effect of a semi-open reflective cavity, significantly reducing energy leakage to the rear. Simultaneously, optimized radiating elements and parasitic structure design ensure efficient energy radiation over a wide frequency band. The antenna achieves excellent performance with high gain and smooth gain variation across the entire ultra-wide operating frequency band from 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz. Actual measurement data shows that its average gain in the passband reaches 9.87 dBi, its peak gain reaches 10.87 dBi, and its gain fluctuation is less than 2 dBi.

[0050] 3. The antenna structure is simple and compact, facilitating manufacturing and reducing costs while improving production efficiency. The structure of this invention is implemented using FR4 substrate through printing or etching, including the radiating element, parasitic structure, and walls of the reflective cavity. The entire antenna lacks complex three-dimensional components; all parts can be processed using mature PCB (printed circuit board) technology. This planar and modular design facilitates standardization and mass production, reducing processing difficulty and mold costs, and minimizing assembly steps, thereby improving production efficiency. Compared to existing 5G filter antennas, which exhibit significant gain attenuation with frequency changes within the operating passband and have complex structures, this invention shows gradual gain attenuation across multiple 5G frequency bands and lacks complex three-dimensional structures, making processing and assembly simpler.

[0051] 4. Perfectly adapts to the requirements of 5G multi-band networking and has broad application prospects. The antenna of this invention has a complete operating frequency band covering the range of 1.7GHz to 3.7GHz, which includes the main commercial frequency bands of current 5G communication (such as 1.8GHz, 2.1GHz, 2.6GHz, 3.5GHz, etc.), achieving true multi-band compatibility.

[0052] Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics, characterized in that, The application relates to an antenna, which comprises the following parts: an antenna radiation layer, which is printed on a first dielectric substrate and comprises four ring-shaped units arranged in a four-leaf clover shape in a horizontal plane, the four ring-shaped units forming a pair of crossed double-ring dipoles, wherein each double-ring dipole comprises two symmetrically arranged ring-shaped units; a parasitic structure layer, which is printed on a second dielectric substrate and is arranged in parallel above the antenna radiation layer, the parasitic structure layer comprising a circular patch and four circular-arc rings, the circular patch being located at the center of the second dielectric substrate, and the four circular-arc rings being evenly distributed around the circular patch; a reflection cavity, which comprises a bottom plate and four reflection walls, the four reflection walls being vertically connected with four edges of the bottom plate to form a semi-open cavity, and the antenna radiation layer and the parasitic structure layer being arranged in the reflection cavity.

2. The high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four ring-shaped units are respectively a first ring-shaped unit, a second ring-shaped unit, a third ring-shaped unit and a fourth ring-shaped unit, wherein the first ring-shaped unit is located on the upper layer of the first dielectric substrate, and the second ring-shaped unit, the third ring-shaped unit and the fourth ring-shaped unit are located on the lower layer of the first dielectric substrate.

3. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top points of the four ring-shaped units are located at the center of the first dielectric substrate.

4. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that, The four ring-shaped units are all pentagonal ring structures, wherein the top points of the first ring-shaped unit and the second ring-shaped unit extend outward, the top point of the first ring-shaped unit is connected with a rectangular structure on one side, and the third ring-shaped unit and the fourth ring-shaped unit have the same structure.

5. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom region of the first ring-shaped unit and the middle region of the rectangular structure are provided with three cylindrical through holes, and a copper column is arranged in the cylindrical through hole to form an electrical connection channel penetrating through the first dielectric substrate and the antenna radiation layer.

6. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parasitic structure layer is located 4 mm above the antenna radiation layer.

7. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central angle of the circular-arc ring is 60 degrees, and the four circular-arc rings are evenly arranged at an interval of 90 degrees on the circumference.

8. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom plate is arranged in parallel below the antenna radiation layer, and the distance between the bottom plate and the antenna radiation layer is 29.2 mm.

9. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four circular-arc rings are distributed in axial symmetry along the diagonal line of the second dielectric substrate.

10. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center of the circular-arc ring is 20.61 mm away from the center of the circular patch.

11. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized by, The working frequency band of the antenna is 1.7 GHz-3.7 GHz, the average gain in the passband is 9.87 dBi, and the peak gain is 10.87 dBi.

12. The high-gain, ultra-wideband, dual-polarized antenna with filtering characteristics according to claim 1, characterized by, The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are both FR4 dielectric plates.

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