High-integration reconfigurable phase shift circuit

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-integration reconfigurable phase shift circuit, belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, solves the problems of how to improve the circuit integration level of the phase shift circuit and reduce the circuit complexity, and realizes a passive attenuation adjustable matching network with an amplitude control function by adding a coupling attenuation coil structure in a traditional differential matching structure. Two paths of orthogonal signals generated by the orthogonal generation network respectively pass through the attenuation adjustable matching network to realize orthogonal signal amplitude control so as to realize a phase shifting function; in addition, the multi-stage attenuation adjustable matching network can further realize large-range gain reconstruction; and finally, the whole circuit adopts a passive transmission structure, so that the circuit has a two-way transmission function and also realizes receiving / transmitting mode reconstruction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of integrated circuit technology and relates to a highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit. Background Technology

[0002] In phased array systems, phase-shifting circuits are mainly used to achieve phase modulation of circuit signals and are an important component of microwave and millimeter-wave phased array circuits. Phase-shifting circuits are widely used in various phased array radars, wireless communication systems, and other circuit systems, and their performance has a significant impact on the core system indicators.

[0003] In traditional phase-shifting circuits, amplitude control of the quadrature signal generation is mainly achieved by a unidirectional variable gain amplifier circuit, resulting in a unidirectional transmission structure that cannot perform gain reconstruction. To achieve receiver and transmitter mode reconstruction and receiver and transmitter gain reconstruction, additional switch arrays or gain control circuits are required. For example, the prior art disclosed in patent application CN115966912A discloses a 2-bit high-power amplified non-reciprocal reflective metasurface. Each metasurface unit has a phase shifter in its first metal layer. By switching the control voltage from positive to negative, an opposite current is generated, controlling the on / off state of a diode on the second metal layer. The metal patch on the second metal layer receives this current and can change the phase shifter circuit of the first metal layer, thereby achieving phase modulation of the reflected electromagnetic wave. However, the additional switch array or gain control circuit further increases the circuit size and complexity, limiting the improvement of circuit integration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve the circuit integration of the phase-shifting circuit and reduce the circuit complexity.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions: A highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit includes a first attenuation adjustable matching network, an orthogonal generation network, a second attenuation adjustable matching network, a third attenuation adjustable matching network, and a fourth attenuation adjustable matching network. The output of the first adjustable attenuation matching network is connected to the input of the quadrature generation network. The first and second outputs of the quadrature generation network are connected to the inputs of the second and third adjustable attenuation matching networks, respectively. The first and second inputs of the fourth adjustable attenuation network are connected to the outputs of the second and third adjustable attenuation matching networks, respectively. The first attenuation adjustable matching network, the orthogonal generation network, the second attenuation adjustable matching network, the third attenuation adjustable matching network, and the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network are all stacked structures.

[0006] Further, the first attenuation adjustable matching network includes a primary coil L0, a secondary coil L1, a coupling attenuation coils, and b transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K0. The two ends of the first primary coil L0 serve as the input terminals of the phase-shifting circuit for receiving input AC signals. The two ends of the first secondary coil L1 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the input terminal of the quadrature generation network. The first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 are coupled together with a coupling attenuation coils. The first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 are arranged in the upper layer of the first attenuation adjustable matching network, and the a coupling attenuation coils are arranged in the lower layer of the first attenuation adjustable matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has b transistors at both ends, where b is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

[0007] Furthermore, the first end of the primary coil L0 and the first end of the secondary coil L1 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the primary coil L0 and the secondary coil L1 are in phase.

[0008] Furthermore, the second attenuation adjustable matching network includes a second primary coil L2, a second secondary coil L3, m coupled attenuation coils, and n transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K1. The two ends of the second primary coil L2 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first output terminal of the quadrature generation network to receive the first differential signal output by the quadrature generation network, denoted as the I-channel differential signal. The second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are coupled together with m coupled attenuation coils. The second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are located in the upper layer of the second attenuation adjustable matching network, and the m coupled attenuation coils are located in the lower layer of the second attenuation adjustable matching network. Each coupled attenuation coil has n transistors at both ends, where n is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

[0009] Furthermore, the first end of the second primary coil L2 and the first end of the second secondary coil L3 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are in phase.

[0010] Furthermore, the third attenuation adjustable matching network includes a third primary coil L4, a third secondary coil L5, m coupling attenuation coils, and n transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K2. The two ends of the third primary coil L4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the second output terminal of the quadrature generation network to receive the second differential signal output by the quadrature generation network, denoted as the Q-channel differential signal. The third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are coupled and connected to m coupling attenuation coils. The third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are set in the upper layer of the third attenuation adjustable matching network, and the m coupling attenuation coils are set in the lower layer of the third attenuation adjustable matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has n transistors at both ends, where n is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

[0011] Furthermore, the first end of the third primary coil L4 and the first end of the third secondary coil L5 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are in phase.

[0012] Further, the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network includes a fourth primary coil L6, a fourth secondary coil L7, p coupling attenuation coils, and k transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K3. The first end of the third secondary coil L5 is connected to the first end of the second secondary coil L3, and then to the first end of the fourth primary coil L6. The second end of the third secondary coil L5 is connected to the second end of the second secondary coil L3, and then to the second end of the fourth primary coil L6, for synthesizing two differential signals. The two ends of the fourth secondary coil L7 serve as the output terminals of the phase-shifting circuit. The fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are coupled together with p coupling attenuation coils. The fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are located in the upper layer of the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network, and the p coupling attenuation coils are located in the lower layer of the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has k transistors at both ends, where k is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

[0013] Furthermore, the first end of the fourth primary coil L6 and the first end of the fourth secondary coil L7 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are in phase.

[0014] Further, the orthogonal generation network includes a first coupling coil L-1, a second coupling coil L-2, a third coupling coil L-3, a fourth coupling coil L-4, and an impedance Z0; the orthogonal generation network is a stacked structure, with the first coupling coil L-1 and the third coupling coil L-3 disposed on the upper layer of the orthogonal generation network, and the second coupling coil L-2 and the fourth coupling coil L-4 disposed on the lower layer of the orthogonal generation network. The first coupling coil L-1 is coupled to the second coupling coil L-2 with a coupling coefficient of Km, and the third coupling coil L-3 is coupled to the fourth coupling coil L-4 with a coupling coefficient of Kn; one end of the first coupling coil L-1 serves as an isolation... The first coupling coil L-1 is used as the positive terminal of the isolation terminal, and the other end of the first coupling coil L-1 is used as the positive terminal of the first output terminal of the quadrature generation network. One end of the second coupling coil L-2 is used as the positive terminal of the input terminal of the quadrature generation network, and the other end of the second coupling coil L-2 is used as the positive terminal of the second output terminal of the quadrature generation network. One end of the third coupling coil L-3 is used as the negative terminal of the input terminal of the quadrature generation network, and the other end of the third coupling coil L-3 is used as the negative terminal of the second output terminal of the quadrature generation network. One end of the fourth coupling coil L-4 is used as the negative terminal of the isolation terminal, and the other end of the fourth coupling coil L-4 is used as the negative terminal of the first output terminal of the quadrature generation network. The two ends of the impedance Z0 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the isolation terminal, respectively.

[0015] The advantages of this invention are: This invention proposes a highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit, composed of an adjustable attenuation matching network and an orthogonal generation network. Employing a coupled attenuation structure design, by adding a passive coupled attenuation structure to the matching network, the phase-shifting circuit achieves reconfigurable receive and transmit modes and reconfigurable receive and transmit gains without the need for amplification / switching transistors in the main signal transmission path. Compared to traditional unidirectional phase-shifting circuit structures, the phase-shifting circuit proposed in this invention offers advantages in both high integration and reconfigurability.

[0016] This invention achieves a passive attenuation adjustable matching network with amplitude control by adding a coupling attenuation coil structure to a traditional differential matching structure. The two orthogonal signals generated by the orthogonal generation network are respectively passed through the attenuation adjustable matching network to achieve orthogonal signal amplitude control and thus phase shift function. In addition, the multi-stage attenuation adjustable matching network can further achieve a wide range of gain reconstruction. Finally, since the entire circuit adopts a passive transmission structure, it has bidirectional transmission function, which also realizes the reconfiguration of the receive / transmit mode.

[0017] Compared to traditional unidirectional phase-shifting circuits, the highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit proposed in this invention achieves reconfigurable receiving and transmitting modes and reconfigurable receiving and transmitting gains within the same area size through a coupling attenuation structure. It features high integration and reconfigurability, low circuit complexity, and is suitable for various highly integrated phase-shifting circuit systems. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional unidirectional phase-shifting circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the attenuation adjustable matching network structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a spatial structure diagram of the attenuation-adjustable matching network structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal generation network of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a spatial structure diagram of the orthogonal generation network structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1 like Figures 2-3 Specifically, a highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit is disclosed, including a first attenuation adjustable matching network, an orthogonal generation network, a second attenuation adjustable matching network, a third attenuation adjustable matching network, and a fourth attenuation adjustable matching network.

[0021] The output of the first attenuation adjustable matching network is connected to the input of the orthogonal generation network. The first and second outputs of the orthogonal generation network are connected to the inputs of the second and third attenuation adjustable matching networks, respectively. The first and second inputs of the fourth attenuation adjustable network are connected to the outputs of the second and third attenuation adjustable matching networks, respectively.

[0022] The highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit disclosed in this invention consists of an attenuation-adjustable matching network and an orthogonal generation network. Each attenuation-adjustable matching network adopts a coupled attenuation structure design, eliminating the need for amplifier or switching transistors in the main signal transmission path. The first attenuation-adjustable matching network serves as the input stage of the phase-shifting circuit, and the fourth attenuation-adjustable network serves as the output stage. Wide-range gain reconstruction is achieved through the first and fourth attenuation-adjustable matching networks, while the phase-shifting function is achieved through the orthogonal generation network, the second attenuation-adjustable matching network, and the third attenuation-adjustable matching network. Since the attenuation-adjustable matching network and the orthogonal generation network adopt a passive circuit architecture, they possess bidirectional transmission capabilities, enabling receive / transmit mode reconfiguration.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first attenuation adjustable matching network, the orthogonal generation network, the second attenuation adjustable matching network, the third attenuation adjustable matching network, and the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network are all stacked structures.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjustable attenuation matching network consists of a traditional differential transformer matching structure and a coupled attenuation coil structure. The coupled attenuation coil is distributed below the differential transformer to form a stacked structure, which does not require additional circuit area. This allows the phase shifting circuit proposed in this invention to achieve reconfigurable receiving and transmitting modes and reconfigurable receiving and transmitting gains of the phase shifting circuit with the same area size as the traditional unidirectional phase shifting circuit.

[0025] Taking the first adjustable attenuation matching network as an example, the first adjustable attenuation matching network includes a first differential transformer, multiple coupling attenuation coils, and multiple transistors. The primary and secondary coils of the first differential transformer are coupled to the multiple coupling attenuation coils. The first differential transformer is located on the upper layer of the first adjustable attenuation matching network, and the multiple coupling attenuation coils are located on the lower layer of the first adjustable attenuation matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has multiple transistors at both ends. The drain of each transistor is connected to the coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive different control voltages. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same. In this embodiment, the resistance to ground of the coupling attenuation coil is adjusted by switching different groups of transistors, thereby adjusting the transmission loss.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first, second, third, and fourth adjustable attenuation matching networks have the same structure, but differ in that the number of coupling attenuation coils, the number of transistors, and the coupling coefficient of the coupling attenuation coils can be the same or different. In this embodiment, the number of coupling attenuation coils, the number of transistors, and the size can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0027] Furthermore, the inductance parameters of the primary and secondary coils of each attenuation adjustable matching network are different, and the actual inductance parameters are related to the circuit parameters of the preceding and following stages and the output impedance.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the first adjustable attenuation matching network is further explained. The first adjustable attenuation matching network includes a primary coil L0, a secondary coil L1, a coupling attenuation coils, and b transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K0. The two ends of the first primary coil L0 serve as the input terminals of a phase-shifting circuit to receive input AC signals. The two ends of the first secondary coil L1 are respectively connected to the positive and negative input terminals of the quadrature generation network. The first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 are coupled together by a coupling attenuation coils. The first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 are located on the upper layer of the first adjustable attenuation matching network, and the a coupling attenuation coils are located on the lower layer. Each coupling attenuation coil has b transistors at both ends, where b is an integer greater than 1. In this embodiment, each coupling attenuation coil has b groups of transistors. Each transistor acts as an independent control unit, controlling the connected coupling attenuation coil individually. Each coupling attenuation coil is controlled by b independent control bits. When the transistors at different control bits are turned on / off, the resistance of the coupling coil to ground is different, resulting in different transmission losses. The size of each group of transistors can be set to be the same or different according to actual needs.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the first attenuation adjustable matching network includes a coupling attenuation coils from coupling attenuation coil L0-1 to coupling attenuation coil L0-a. In this embodiment, b=1. Taking coupling attenuation coil L0-1 as an example, one end of coupling attenuation coil L0-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M1-1, and the other end of coupling attenuation coil L0-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M1-2. The sources of transistors M1-1 and M1-2 are grounded, and the gates of transistors M1-1 and M1-2 are used to receive the corresponding control voltage V1-b.

[0030] Furthermore, the first end of the primary coil L0 and the first end of the secondary coil L1 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the primary coil L0 and the secondary coil L1 are in phase.

[0031] In this embodiment, by setting the first terminals of the primary coil L0 and the secondary coil L1 of the first differential transformer to be of the same name, when the positive AC signal of the input phase shifting circuit is applied to the primary coil L0, the secondary coil L1 can sense the positive component of the signal, maintain the phase relationship between the input and output signals of the differential transformer matching structure, and ensure signal integrity.

[0032] In this embodiment, Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of an attenuation-adjustable matching network, where... Figure 4 The left-middle diagram shows a differential transformer formed by the primary coil L0 and the secondary coil L1. Figure 4 The right figure shows a stacked structure formed by a differential transformer and a coupled attenuation coils. Different coupled coils can be distributed on the inner or outer side of the same metal layer, or on the upper or lower surface of different metal layers. The adjustable attenuation matching network proposed in this invention does not require additional circuit area and effectively improves the integration of the phase shifting circuit.

[0033] Furthermore, the second attenuation adjustable matching network is further described as follows: the second attenuation adjustable matching network includes a second primary coil L2, a second secondary coil L3, m coupling attenuation coils, and n transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K1; the two ends of the second primary coil L2 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first output terminal of the quadrature generation network, and are used to receive the first differential signal output by the quadrature generation network, denoted as the I-channel differential signal; the second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are coupled and connected to m coupling attenuation coils; the second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are set in the upper layer of the second attenuation adjustable matching network, and the m coupling attenuation coils are set in the lower layer of the second attenuation adjustable matching network; each coupling attenuation coil has n transistors at both ends, where n is an integer greater than 1.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the second attenuation adjustable matching network includes m coupling attenuation coils from coupling attenuation coil L2-1 to coupling attenuation coil L2-m. In this embodiment, m=1. Taking coupling attenuation coil L2-1 as an example, one end of coupling attenuation coil L2-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M2-1, and the other end of coupling attenuation coil L2-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M2-2. The sources of transistors M2-1 and M2-2 are grounded, and the gates of transistors M2-1 and M2-2 are used to receive control voltage VI1-n.

[0035] Furthermore, the first end of the second primary coil L2 and the first end of the second secondary coil L3 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are in phase.

[0036] Furthermore, the third attenuation adjustable matching network is further described as follows: the third attenuation adjustable matching network includes a third primary coil L4, a third secondary coil L5, m coupling attenuation coils, and n transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K2; the two ends of the third primary coil L4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the second output terminal of the quadrature generation network, and are used to receive the second differential signal output by the quadrature generation network, denoted as the Q-channel differential signal; the third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are coupled and connected to m coupling attenuation coils; the third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are set in the upper layer of the third attenuation adjustable matching network, and the m coupling attenuation coils are set in the lower layer of the third attenuation adjustable matching network; each coupling attenuation coil has n transistors at both ends, where n is an integer greater than 1.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the third attenuation adjustable matching network includes m coupling attenuation coils from coupling attenuation coil L4-1 to coupling attenuation coil L4-m. In this embodiment, m=1. Taking coupling attenuation coil L4-1 as an example, one end of coupling attenuation coil L4-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M4-1, and the other end of coupling attenuation coil L4-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M4-2. The sources of transistors M4-1 and M4-2 are grounded, and the gates of transistors M4-1 and M4-2 are used to receive control voltage VQ1-n.

[0038] Furthermore, the first end of the third primary coil L4 and the first end of the third secondary coil L5 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are in phase.

[0039] Furthermore, the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network is further described as follows: the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network includes a fourth primary coil L6, a fourth secondary coil L7, p coupling attenuation coils, and k transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K3; the first end of the third secondary coil L5 is connected to the first end of the second secondary coil L3, and then connected to the first end of the fourth primary coil L6; the second end of the third secondary coil L5 is connected to the second end of the second secondary coil L3, and then connected to the second end of the fourth primary coil L6, for synthesizing two differential signals; the two ends of the fourth secondary coil L7 serve as the output terminals of the phase shift circuit; p coupling attenuation coils are coupled between the fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7; the fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are located in the upper layer of the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network; the p coupling attenuation coils are located in the lower layer of the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network; each coupling attenuation coil has k transistors at both ends, where k is an integer greater than 1.

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network includes a total of p coupling attenuation coils, from coupling attenuation coil L6-1 to coupling attenuation coil L6-p. In this embodiment, p=1. Taking coupling attenuation coil L6-1 as an example, one end of coupling attenuation coil L6-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M6-1, and the other end of coupling attenuation coil L6-1 is connected to the drain of transistor M6-2. The sources of transistors M6-1 and M6-2 are grounded, and the gates of transistors M6-1 and M6-2 are used to receive the control voltage V1-k.

[0041] Furthermore, the first end of the fourth primary coil L6 and the first end of the fourth secondary coil L7 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are in phase.

[0042] Furthermore, a, m, and p are all integers greater than 1.

[0043] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the orthogonal generation network includes a first coupling coil L-1, a second coupling coil L-2, a third coupling coil L-3, a fourth coupling coil L-4, and an impedance Z0. The orthogonal generation network is a stacked structure, with the first coupling coil L-1 and the third coupling coil L-3 positioned on the upper layer, and the second coupling coil L-2 and the fourth coupling coil L-4 positioned on the lower layer. The first coupling coil L-1 is coupled to the second coupling coil L-2 with a coupling coefficient of Km, and the third coupling coil L-3 is coupled to the fourth coupling coil L-4 with a coupling coefficient of Kn. One end of the first coupling coil L-1 serves as the positive isolation terminal (denoted as ISO+), and the other end of the first coupling coil L-1 serves as... The first output terminal of the quadrature generation network is positive (denoted as I+); one end of the second coupling coil L-2 serves as the positive input terminal of the quadrature generation network (denoted as IN+), and the other end of the second coupling coil L-2 serves as the positive output terminal of the quadrature generation network (denoted as Q+); one end of the third coupling coil L-3 serves as the negative input terminal of the quadrature generation network (denoted as IN-), and the other end of the third coupling coil L-3 serves as the negative output terminal of the quadrature generation network (denoted as Q-); one end of the fourth coupling coil L-4 serves as the negative isolation terminal (denoted as ISO-), and the other end of the fourth coupling coil L-4 serves as the negative first output terminal of the quadrature generation network (denoted as I-); the two ends of the impedance Z0 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the isolation terminal, respectively.

[0044] In this embodiment, the impedance Z0 can be two 50-ohm resistors connected in series.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the orthogonal generation network adopts a transformer-based differential orthogonal generation structure, consisting of two sets of coupled transformers. The coupling relationship of the transformers is used to directly split the AC signal input to the orthogonal generation network into two differential AC signals (I-path and Q-path), as follows: Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 The left-middle image is a top view of the orthogonal generation network. Figure 6 The middle right figure shows two sets of coupled transformers stacked vertically in space, which can effectively reduce the area occupied by the orthogonal generation network and further improve the integration of the phase shifting circuit.

[0046] Furthermore, the specific structure of the orthogonal generation network involved in this invention is not limited to the transformer-based differential orthogonal generation structure proposed in this embodiment. The orthogonal generation network also includes, but is not limited to, various passive orthogonal generation structures such as multiphase filter networks, Lange couplers, and transformer networks, for outputting two differential signals.

[0047] Working principle: (1) In this embodiment, the gain reconstruction function of the phase shift circuit is jointly implemented by the first attenuation adjustable matching network and the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network. Taking the first attenuation adjustable matching network as an example, the gain control process is explained as follows: In the first adjustable attenuation matching network, by adjusting the gate control voltages corresponding to the b transistors M1-1, M1-2, ..., Ma-1, and Ma-2 at the two ends of the a coupled attenuation coils, the corresponding coupled attenuation coils L0-1 to L0-a can be switched between grounded and floating states by switching the gate control voltages. This changes the coupling state between the first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 in the transformer matching structure, thereby achieving the gain control function. At the same time, since the coupled attenuation coils L0-1 to L0-a are located below the first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1, the transformer matching structure and the coupled attenuation structure form a stacked structure. The two structures share the same area without adding extra area, further improving the integration of the phase shifting circuit.

[0048] Taking the coupling attenuation coil L0-1 as an example, the switching between grounded and floating states of the coupling attenuation coil is further explained as follows: There are b groups of grounding transistors at both ends of the coupling attenuation coil L0-1. Considering that the gate control signal of the first group of transistors is V1-1, when the gate control voltage V1-1 corresponding to the grounding transistors M1-1 and M1-2 at both ends of the coupling attenuation coil L0-1 is low (transistor off), the grounding transistors M1-1 and M1-2 are off, and the coupling attenuation coil L0-1 is in a floating state. At this time, the first attenuation adjustable matching network is in the reference state (no attenuation).

[0049] When the gate control voltage V1-1 of the grounding transistors M1-1 and M1-2 is high (transistors are turned on), the coupling attenuation coil L0-1 is grounded. At this time, the coupling state between the first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 changes, and the coupling coefficient K0 decreases. This is recorded as attenuation state 1-1. The above process is repeated for each coupling attenuation coil. Each of the a coupling attenuation coils can achieve b independently controlled attenuation states.

[0050] Similarly, the gain control process of the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network is similar to that of the first adjustable attenuation matching network. Each of the p coupled attenuation coils can achieve k independently controlled attenuation states. The gain reconstruction function of the phase shift circuit can be realized by the corresponding signals of the first adjustable attenuation matching network and the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network.

[0051] (2) In this embodiment, the phase shifting function of the phase shifting circuit is jointly implemented by the quadrature generation network, the second attenuation adjustable matching network, and the third attenuation adjustable matching network. The phase shifting function implementation process is as follows: The two differential signals (I and Q) generated by the quadrature generation network are impedance matched and attenuated by the second and third adjustable attenuation matching networks, respectively. The attenuation control process is the same as that of the first adjustable attenuation matching network in (1). The two signals output by the second and third adjustable attenuation matching networks are then combined and input into the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network to realize the phase shift function.

[0052] (3) The process of implementing the receive / transmit mode reconstruction function in this embodiment is as follows: Since the attenuation adjustable matching network and the orthogonal generation network used in this embodiment are both passive transmission structures, the highly integrated reconfigurable phase shifting circuit proposed in this embodiment has bidirectional transmission function. Combined with the above-mentioned gain reconstruction and phase shifting functions, the receive and transmit gain reconstruction can be realized.

[0053] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of a traditional unidirectional phase-shifting circuit. The traditional unidirectional phase-shifting circuit mainly consists of a differential matching network, an orthogonal generation network, and a variable gain amplifier.

[0054] Differential matching networks can only achieve impedance matching, not attenuation control. Furthermore, in the phase-shifting function, the gain control of the two quadrature signals is implemented using a unidirectional variable gain amplifier, meaning the phase-shifting function can only achieve unidirectional transmission (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (One-way transmission from left to right in the middle).

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit, characterized in that, It includes a first attenuation adjustable matching network, an orthogonal generation network, a second attenuation adjustable matching network, a third attenuation adjustable matching network, and a fourth attenuation adjustable matching network; The output of the first adjustable attenuation matching network is connected to the input of the quadrature generation network. The first and second outputs of the quadrature generation network are connected to the inputs of the second and third adjustable attenuation matching networks, respectively. The first and second inputs of the fourth adjustable attenuation network are connected to the outputs of the second and third adjustable attenuation matching networks, respectively. The first attenuation adjustable matching network, the orthogonal generation network, the second attenuation adjustable matching network, the third attenuation adjustable matching network, and the fourth attenuation adjustable matching network are all stacked structures.

2. The highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustable attenuation matching network includes a primary coil L0, a secondary coil L1, a coupling attenuation coils, and b transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K0. The two ends of the first primary coil L0 serve as the input terminals of the phase-shifting circuit for receiving input AC signals. The two ends of the first secondary coil L1 are respectively connected to the positive and negative input terminals of the quadrature generation network. The first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 are coupled together by a coupling attenuation coils. The first primary coil L0 and the first secondary coil L1 are located on the upper layer of the first adjustable attenuation matching network, and the a coupling attenuation coils are located on the lower layer of the first adjustable attenuation matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has b transistors at both ends, where b is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

3. The highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end of the primary coil L0 and the first end of the secondary coil L1 are of the same name, so that the AC signals of the primary coil L0 and the secondary coil L1 are in phase.

4. The highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second attenuation adjustable matching network includes a second primary coil L2, a second secondary coil L3, m coupled attenuation coils, and n transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K1. The two ends of the second primary coil L2 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first output terminal of the quadrature generation network to receive the first differential signal output by the quadrature generation network, denoted as the I-channel differential signal. The second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are coupled together by m coupled attenuation coils. The second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are located in the upper layer of the second attenuation adjustable matching network, and the m coupled attenuation coils are located in the lower layer of the second attenuation adjustable matching network. Each coupled attenuation coil has n transistors at both ends, where n is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

5. A highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first end of the second primary coil L2 and the first end of the second secondary coil L3 are the same name ends, so that the AC signals of the second primary coil L2 and the second secondary coil L3 are in phase.

6. The highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third attenuation adjustable matching network includes a third primary coil L4, a third secondary coil L5, m coupling attenuation coils, and n transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K2. The two ends of the third primary coil L4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the second output terminal of the quadrature generation network to receive the second differential signal output by the quadrature generation network, denoted as the Q-channel differential signal. The third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are coupled together by m coupling attenuation coils. The third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are located in the upper layer of the third attenuation adjustable matching network, and the m coupling attenuation coils are located in the lower layer of the third attenuation adjustable matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has n transistors at both ends, where n is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

7. A highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first end of the third primary coil L4 and the first end of the third secondary coil L5 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the third primary coil L4 and the third secondary coil L5 are in phase.

8. The highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth adjustable attenuation matching network includes a fourth primary coil L6, a fourth secondary coil L7, p coupling attenuation coils, and k transistors, with a coupling coefficient of K3. The first end of the third secondary coil L5 is connected to the first end of the second secondary coil L3, and then to the first end of the fourth primary coil L6. The second end of the third secondary coil L5 is connected to the second end of the second secondary coil L3, and then to the second end of the fourth primary coil L6, for synthesizing two differential signals. The two ends of the fourth secondary coil L7 serve as the output terminals of the phase-shifting circuit. The fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are coupled together with p coupling attenuation coils. The fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are located in the upper layer of the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network, and the p coupling attenuation coils are located in the lower layer of the fourth adjustable attenuation matching network. Each coupling attenuation coil has k transistors at both ends, where k is an integer greater than 1. The drain of each transistor is connected to a coupling attenuation coil, the source of the transistor is grounded, and the gate of the transistor is used to receive the corresponding control voltage. The number of transistors at both ends of each coupling attenuation coil is the same.

9. A highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first end of the fourth primary coil L6 and the first end of the fourth secondary coil L7 are terminals with the same name, so that the AC signals of the fourth primary coil L6 and the fourth secondary coil L7 are in phase.

10. A highly integrated reconfigurable phase-shifting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orthogonal generation network includes a first coupling coil L-1, a second coupling coil L-2, a third coupling coil L-3, a fourth coupling coil L-4, and an impedance Z0. The orthogonal generation network is a stacked structure, with the first coupling coil L-1 and the third coupling coil L-3 arranged in the upper layer of the orthogonal generation network, and the second coupling coil L-2 and the fourth coupling coil L-4 arranged in the lower layer. The first coupling coil L-1 and the second coupling coil L-2 are coupled together with a coupling coefficient of Km, and the third coupling coil L-3 and the fourth coupling coil L-4 are coupled together with a coupling coefficient of Kn. One end of the first coupling coil L-1 serves as the positive terminal of the isolation terminal, and the other end of the first coupling coil L-1 serves as the positive terminal of the first output terminal of the orthogonal generation network. One end of the second coupling coil L-2 serves as the positive input terminal of the orthogonal generation network, and the other end of the second coupling coil L-2 serves as the positive output terminal of the orthogonal generation network. One end of the third coupling coil L-3 serves as the negative input terminal of the quadrature generation network, and the other end of the third coupling coil L-3 serves as the negative output terminal of the quadrature generation network. One end of the fourth coupling coil L-4 serves as the negative isolation terminal, and the other end of the fourth coupling coil L-4 serves as the negative output terminal of the quadrature generation network. The two ends of the impedance Z0 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the isolation terminal, respectively.

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