Efficient signal directional enhancement system and method of miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication antennas, and particularly discloses an efficient signal directional enhancement system and method for a miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna, and the system comprises a housing, a cover plate, a built-in metasurface antenna array module, a signal amplifier module and a heat dissipation structure. The metasurface antenna array module drives three dielectric substrates forming a 120-degree fixed included angle through a composite orientation adjusting mechanism to synchronously perform azimuth rotation and pitching swing, so that accurate orientation of wave beams and switching of multiple intelligent working modes are realized, and multi-target synchronous communication is originally supported. Passive heat dissipation of the signal amplifier module is achieved through the heat conduction base, the heat conduction pieces and the heat dissipation fin sets on the two sides of the shell, an active heat dissipation structure composed of the adjustable blocking piece and the fan is combined, and stable work under high power is guaranteed. According to the invention, through the integrated design of machinery and radio frequency, the communication performance and environmental adaptability of the system are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication antenna technology, specifically to a high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system and method for miniaturized metasurface integrated antennas. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication technology, in order to achieve long-distance and highly reliable signal transmission, it is often necessary to use a combination of high-gain directional antennas and signal power amplifiers. Although traditional reflector or lens antennas can provide high gain, they are bulky and heavy, making them difficult to integrate into miniaturized mobile communication devices.

[0003] Currently, Chinese patent application number CN202411701801.0 discloses a three-dimensional coupled tri-band antenna and communication system for wireless network communication. The antenna has a monopole main radiating element, a first sub-oscillator element, a second sub-oscillator element, a first resonant structure, a second resonant structure, a third resonant structure, and a feed port respectively set on a metal base, and is secured to the metal base with a protective housing for each component. This tri-band antenna combines monopole frequency doubling effect, spatial electromagnetic coupling, and sub-oscillator resonance technology to achieve broadband operation in three different frequency bands. At the same time, by using vertically arranged metal rod structure oscillators as monopole main radiating elements to adjust the frequency doubling resonant frequency, the antenna height is reduced.

[0004] However, existing technologies mainly focus on the multi-band and miniaturization of the antenna itself, and its radiation mode is basically fixed. It is inconvenient to have a mechanism for flexible and precise control of beam pointing, making it difficult to adapt to dynamically changing communication environments and multi-target synchronous communication. At the same time, it lacks an efficient heat dissipation management strategy for the heat generated by the amplifier when it is working in a compact space, making it difficult to guarantee performance stability and reliability in signal directional enhancement scenarios that require high power output. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly efficient signal directional enhancement system and method for miniaturized metasurface integrated antennas, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for a miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna, comprising a housing and a cover plate encapsulated on the front side of the housing. Heat dissipation fin assemblies are provided on both sides of the housing. A partition is provided on the upper middle side inside the housing, and a metasurface antenna array module is penetrated through the middle side of the partition. Heat dissipation structures are embedded on both the left and right sides inside the cover plate. A heat-conducting base is provided at the bottom of the metasurface antenna array module, and each side of the heat-conducting base is connected to the heat dissipation fin assemblies via a heat-conducting sheet. Two heat-conducting sheets are respectively embedded in the left and right side walls of the housing. The bottom of the heat-conducting base is connected to a signal amplifier module, and... A temperature sensor is installed on the amplifier module; the metasurface antenna array module includes a composite pointing adjustment mechanism that runs through the middle of the partition. Three dielectric substrates are evenly distributed circumferentially at a fixed 120-degree angle on the upper periphery of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism. The three dielectric substrates are used to drive the three dielectric substrates to rotate synchronously around their own axes to change the elevation angle, and to drive the three dielectric substrates to rotate together around the central axis of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism to change the azimuth angle. Each dielectric substrate is provided with subwavelength microstructure units arranged in a two-dimensional periodic manner. Each subwavelength microstructure unit is connected to the signal amplifier module for power amplification of the received or to be transmitted radio frequency signal.

[0007] Preferably, the partition has three through slots on its inner side for passing the connection wires of the subwavelength microstructure unit and the signal amplifier module.

[0008] Preferably, the heat-conducting base is provided with connecting columns arranged in an array above it, and each connecting column is fixed to a partition plate.

[0009] Preferably, the three subwavelength microstructure units on the dielectric substrate are configured to form a fixed multi-beam radiation structure, which can simultaneously generate three independent beams separated by 120 degrees in the azimuth plane for simultaneous data transmission and reception with three different remote communication nodes in space.

[0010] Preferably, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism includes a lower cover and an upper cover embedded and fixed inside the middle side of the partition. The lower cover is locked and fixed to the bottom of the upper cover. A first motor is locked and fixed to the left side of the bottom of the lower cover. A screw is connected to the top output end of the first motor. An internal thread block is threaded onto the outer surface of the screw. The internal thread block is embedded in the inner side of the support plate. The left side of the support plate slides against the inner wall of the lower cover. A rotating sleeve rotates through the right side of the support plate. A sliding key is fixed through the rotating sleeve. The sliding key slides longitudinally through the inside of the cylindrical column. The cylindrical column is fixed through the middle side of the driven bevel gear. The bottom right side of the driven bevel gear... The side-meshing transmission has a drive bevel gear, which is connected to the left output end of the second motor. The second motor is locked and fixed inside the right side of the upper cover. The cylindrical column rotates through the middle side of the positioning seat, and the positioning seat is fixed through the inner top of the upper cover. A three-pronged bracket is locked and fixed at the top of the sliding key column. Universal connecting rods are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the three ends of the three-pronged bracket. A carrier is connected to the bottom of each universal connecting rod. The side of the three carriers near the cylindrical column is wrapped around the outside of the positioning column, and the other end of the three positioning columns is fixed to the cylindrical column. The side of the three carriers away from the positioning column is connected to the three dielectric substrates respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is fixed to the carrier by a positioning shaft, and the axis of the positioning shaft coincides with the axis of the positioning post.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation structure includes a through groove disposed inside the cover plate. A first air vent plate and a second air vent plate are respectively embedded in the right and left sides of the through groove. A fixed baffle plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the through groove. The upper and lower sides of the rear part of the fixed baffle plate are fastened to the cover plate by a support frame. A fan is locked and fixed to the side of the rear part of the support frame near the first air vent plate. A third motor is locked and fixed to the middle rear part of the support frame. The front output end of the third motor is connected to a rotating frame. The rotating frame is inserted and rotated inside a support block. The support block is locked and fixed to the middle front part of the support frame. A special-shaped rod is rotatably connected to each of the two ends of the front side of the rotating frame. The other end of the special-shaped rod is connected to a moving baffle plate. A pedestal is inserted and rotated into the middle front part of the rotating frame. The front part of the pedestal is fixed to the fixed baffle plate.

[0013] Preferably, a recessed groove is provided on the inner side of each of the two movable baffles that are close to each other, and the irregular rod is disposed inside the recessed groove. The front side of each movable baffle is in sliding contact with the fixed baffle, and a sealing strip is provided on the outer periphery of the rear side of the fixed baffle.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides an efficient signal directional enhancement method based on the above system, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The composite pointing adjustment mechanism drives the three dielectric substrates to adjust the elevation and azimuth angles, so that the beam generated by the metasurface antenna array module is aligned with the target communication node. In the receiving mode, the wireless signal in space is captured by the subwavelength microstructure unit and converted into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the signal amplifier module for low-noise amplification and output to the back-end processing unit. In the transmitting mode, the baseband signal is amplified by the signal amplifier module and fed into the subwavelength microstructure unit, where it is phase-modulated and radiated into space in the form of a directional beam.

[0016] Simultaneously, a thermal management process is implemented: the temperature sensor monitors the operating temperature of the signal amplifier module in real time; when the temperature exceeds the first threshold, the fan in the heat dissipation structure is activated, and the third motor is controlled to drive the baffle to adjust the ventilation area of ​​the through slot, thereby implementing forced convection heat dissipation; the heat generated by the signal amplifier module is simultaneously conducted to the heat dissipation fins on both sides of the housing for passive heat dissipation through the heat-conducting base and heat-conducting plate.

[0017] Preferably, the step of aligning the beam generated by the metasurface antenna array module with the target communication node is achieved by switching the following operating modes:

[0018] In the multi-target synchronous communication mode, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism is controlled to fix the three dielectric substrates at a specific pitch angle and drive the entire array to rotate to the target position, so that the fixed multi-beam radiation structure composed of the three dielectric substrates simultaneously locks three different remote communication nodes to establish three parallel independent communication links.

[0019] In single-target enhanced communication mode, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism is controlled to precisely align the main lobe of the beam of one of the dielectric substrates with a single high-priority target, while simultaneously turning off or reducing the transmission power of the corresponding channels of the other two dielectric substrates, so as to concentrate energy to achieve point-to-point communication.

[0020] In signal search mode, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism is controlled to drive the entire array to perform periodic azimuth rotation and synchronously scan the elevation angle, while monitoring the received signal strength until the direction of the strongest signal is locked.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The composite pointing adjustment mechanism of this invention, driven by two motors, can precisely control the synchronous azimuth rotation and pitch swing of three dielectric substrates, allowing the beam to flexibly cover the forward hemispherical airspace. The fixed multi-beam structure formed by the three dielectric substrates can stably generate three spatially separated independent high-gain beams, thus natively supporting multi-target synchronous communication modes and significantly improving the link capacity and efficiency of the system in multi-node networking applications. At the same time, the system has the ability to dynamically switch between multiple intelligent working modes, which can concentrate energy for single-target long-distance communication when needed, and can also quickly establish and maintain communication links in mobile or search states, enhancing adaptability and connection robustness in different application scenarios.

[0023] The system of this invention efficiently conducts the heat generated by the signal amplifier module through the heat-conducting base and heat-conducting plate to the large-area heat dissipation fins on both sides of the housing for passive dissipation. At the same time, the heat dissipation structure can automatically start when the temperature exceeds the standard. By precisely controlling the opening and closing of the moving baffle to adjust the ventilation area, and in conjunction with the fan to generate directional forced airflow, it can achieve precise and efficient cooling of the core heat-generating area, ensuring that the signal amplifier can continue to work in the optimal temperature range, thereby maintaining high linearity output and long service life.

[0024] The system of this invention adopts a highly integrated mechanical and radio frequency design, which achieves complex functions while ensuring structural compactness, stability, and electromagnetic performance. The connection between the dielectric substrate and the adjustment mechanism ensures the synchronization and accuracy of the three radiating units during movement. The wiring grooves on the partition organize the radio frequency traces and reduce signal loss and interference. The heat-conducting structure not only undertakes heat dissipation but also provides stable mechanical support for the internal modules through its connecting pillars. This allows the system to integrate multiple functions such as beamforming, power amplification, precise pointing, and efficient heat dissipation within a limited space, achieving a balance between high performance and miniaturization. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metasurface antenna array module of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the universal joint, the carrier, and the positioning column of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a rear view of the connection between the baffle plate and the support frame of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotating frame and the irregular rod of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Housing - 1; 2. Cover plate - 2; 3. Heat dissipation fin assembly - 3; 4. Partition plate - 4; 5. Metasurface antenna array module - 5; 6. Heat dissipation structure - 6; 7. Thermally conductive base - 7; 8. Thermally conductive sheet - 8; 9. Signal amplifier module - 9; 10. Temperature sensor - 10; 41. Wiring groove - 41; 71. Connecting post - 71; Composite pointing adjustment mechanism - 51; 52. Dielectric substrate - 52; 53. Subwavelength microstructure unit - 53; 511. Lower cover - 511; 512. Upper cover - 512; First motor - 513; Screw - 514; Internal threaded block - 515; Support plate - 516; Rotating sleeve - 517. Sliding key column-518, cylindrical column-519, driven bevel gear-5110, driving bevel gear-5111, second motor-5112, positioning seat-5113, three-pronged bracket-5114, universal joint-link-5115, carrier-base-5116, positioning column-5117, through slot-61, first air vent plate-62, second air vent plate-63, fixed stop plate-64, bearing frame-65, fan-66, third motor-67, rotating frame-68, support block-69, irregular rod-610, moving stop plate-611, platform-612. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides a high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for miniaturized metasurface integrated antennas. The system includes a housing 1 and a cover plate 2 encapsulated on the front side of the housing 1. Heat dissipation fin groups 3 are provided on both outer walls of the housing 1. A partition plate 4 is fixedly installed on the upper side inside the housing 1. A metasurface antenna array module 5 is provided through the middle side inside the partition plate 4. Independent heat dissipation structures 6 are embedded on both the left and right sides inside the cover plate 2.

[0036] The bottom of the metasurface antenna array module 5 is provided with a heat-conducting base 7. The left and right sides of the heat-conducting base 7 are thermally connected to the heat dissipation fin groups 3 on both sides of the housing 1 through a heat-conducting sheet 8. The two heat-conducting sheets 8 are respectively embedded in the left and right side walls of the housing 1. The bottom of the heat-conducting base 7 is fixedly connected to the signal amplifier module 9 and conducts heat. A temperature sensor 10 for real-time monitoring is installed on the signal amplifier module 9.

[0037] The metasurface antenna array module 5 includes a composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 that runs through the middle of the partition 4. Three dielectric substrates 52 are evenly distributed around the upper periphery of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 at a fixed 120-degree angle. The composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 drives the three dielectric substrates 52 to rotate synchronously around their own axes to change the elevation angle, and drives the three dielectric substrates 52 to rotate together around the central axis of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 to change the azimuth angle. Each dielectric substrate 52 is provided with subwavelength microstructure units 53 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern. These subwavelength microstructure units 53 are connected to the signal amplifier module 9 through lines to amplify the power of the received or to be transmitted radio frequency signals.

[0038] The partition 4 has three through slots 41 running through its interior side for neatly passing the connection wires between the subwavelength microstructure unit 53 and the signal amplifier module 9. The heat-conducting base 7 has connecting posts 71 arranged in an array above it, and each connecting post 71 is fixed to the partition 4 to provide stable support. The channels formed by the hollowed-out sections facilitate heat dissipation. The subwavelength microstructure units 53 on the three dielectric substrates 52 are configured to form a fixed multi-beam radiation structure, which can simultaneously generate three independent high-gain beams separated by 120 degrees in the azimuth plane, thereby enabling simultaneous data transmission and reception with three different remote communication nodes in space.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 This invention provides a high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for a miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna. The composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 includes a lower cover 511 and an upper cover 512 embedded and fixed inside the middle side of the partition 4. The lower cover 511 is locked and fixed to the bottom of the upper cover 512 by a locking member. A first motor 513 is locked and fixed to the left side of the bottom of the lower cover 511. A screw 514 is connected to the top output end of the first motor 513. An internal thread block 515 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw 514. The internal thread block 515 is embedded in the inner side of the support plate 516. The left side of the support plate 516 is inserted into the guide groove that slides on the inner wall of the lower cover 511. The first motor 513 is used as a power source to drive the screw 514 to rotate so that the internal thread block 515 drives the support plate 516 to move and adjust its longitudinal orientation within the guide groove of the lower cover 511.

[0040] A rotating sleeve 517 is mounted rotatably through the right side of the support plate 516. A sliding key 518 is fixedly fixed inside the rotating sleeve 517. The sliding key 518 slides longitudinally through the inside of a cylindrical column 519, which is fixedly inside the driven bevel gear 5110. The rotating sleeve 517 at the bottom supports the sliding key 518. Changing the longitudinal position of the support plate 516 causes the rotating sleeve 517 and the sliding key 518 to change their height synchronously. A driving bevel gear 5111 meshes with the bottom right side of the driven bevel gear 5110. 11 is connected to the left output end of the second motor 5112, and the second motor 5112 is locked and fixed inside the right side of the upper cover 512. The cylindrical column 519 rotates through the middle side inside the positioning seat 5113, and the positioning seat 5113 is fixed through the inner side of the top of the upper cover 512. With the second motor 5112 as the power source, the cylindrical column 519 can drive the sliding key column 518 to rotate through the cooperation of the active bevel gear 5111 and the driven bevel gear 5110, so that the sliding key column 518 can still rotate synchronously with the cylindrical column 519 after changing its height position inside the cylindrical column 519.

[0041] A three-pronged bracket 5114 is locked and fixed at the top of the sliding key column 518 so that the three-pronged bracket 5114 moves synchronously with the sliding key column 518. Universal linkages 5115 are rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the three ends of the three-pronged bracket 5114. A carrier 5116 is connected to the bottom of each universal linkage 5115. The side of the three carriers 5116 closest to the cylinder column 519 is wrapped around the outside of the positioning column 5117, and the other end of the three positioning columns 5117 is fixed to the cylinder column 519. The side of the three carriers 5116 away from the positioning column 5117 is fixed to the three dielectric substrates 52 by a positioning shaft, and the axis of the positioning shaft is aligned with the axis of the positioning column 5117. When the sliding key column 518 changes height longitudinally, the universal linkages 5115 drive the carriers 5116 to rotate on the outer surface of the positioning column 5117 so that the three dielectric substrates 52 can perform stable pitch rotation.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The present invention provides a high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for a miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna. The heat dissipation structure 6 includes a through groove 61 that runs through the inside of the cover plate 2. A first vent plate 62 and a second vent plate 63 are respectively embedded in the right and left sides of the through groove 61. A baffle plate 64 is fixedly connected to the front side of the through groove 61. The upper and lower sides of the rear part of the baffle plate 64 are fastened to the cover plate 2 by a support frame 65.

[0043] A fan 66 is locked and fixed to the rear side of the support frame 65 near the first air vent plate 62, and a third motor 67 is locked and fixed to the middle rear side of the support frame 65. The front output end of the third motor 67 is connected to the rotating frame 68, and the rotating frame 68 is inserted and rotated inside the support block 69 so that the third motor 67 drives the rotating frame 68 to rotate. The support block 69 is locked and fixed to the middle front side of the support frame 65, and the support block 69 supports the rotating frame 68. The two ends of the front side of the rotating frame 68 are... Each part is rotatably connected to an irregularly shaped rod 610, and the other end of the irregularly shaped rod 610 is connected to a movable baffle 611. Under the action of the rotating frame 68, the irregularly shaped rods 610 on both sides drive the two movable baffles 611 to move closer or further away from each other. A rotatable base 612 is inserted into the middle of the front part of the rotating frame 68, and the front part of the base 612 is fixed to the fixed baffle 64, so that the base 612 can further support the rotating frame 68 and ensure the stability of the rotation of the rotating frame 68.

[0044] The two movable baffles 611 have recessed grooves on their inner sides, and the end of the shaped rod 610 is located inside the recessed grooves. The front side of the movable baffles 611 is in sliding contact with the rear surface of the fixed baffle 64, and a sealing strip is provided on the outer periphery of the rear side of the fixed baffle 64 to ensure the airtightness between the moving parts.

[0045] The system operates on a closed-loop principle that tightly integrates directional beam control, signal power management, and efficient thermal management. Its core operating mechanism is as follows:

[0046] First, when the communication direction needs to be adjusted, the second motor 5112 drives the cylinder 519 to rotate through the bevel gear set (5110, 5111), which in turn drives the entire tripod 5114 and the three dielectric substrates 52 to rotate synchronously through the sliding key column 518, completing the large-scale scanning and alignment of the beam in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the first motor 513 drives the screw 514 to rotate, forcing the internal thread block 515 that meshes with it to drive the support plate 516 to move vertically. This displacement is converted into the lifting motion of the tripod 5114 through the sliding key column 518, and through the three sets of universal linkages 5115 and the carrier 5116, the vertical displacement is precisely converted into the synchronous pitch rotation of the three dielectric substrates 52 around their respective positioning axes, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the beam in the vertical plane. This allows the fixed multi-beam formed by the three dielectric substrates 52 to flexibly cover the front hemispherical airspace and can switch between multiple intelligent modes such as multi-target synchronous communication, single-target enhanced communication, and signal search.

[0047] Secondly, when receiving signals, electromagnetic waves from the target direction in space are captured by subwavelength microstructure units 53 on the dielectric substrate 52. These microstructures modulate the wavefront phase through their specific geometry and arrangement, efficiently converging the signal and converting it into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is then transmitted to the signal amplifier module 9 through the connecting wires in the wiring slot 41, where it is amplified with low noise to improve the signal-to-noise ratio before being sent to the back-end circuit for processing. When transmitting signals, the process is reversed. The signal from the baseband is amplified by the signal amplifier module 9 to obtain sufficient energy before being fed into the metasurface antenna array. The subwavelength microstructure units 53 perform secondary phase modulation on the high-power radio frequency signal, shaping it into a powerful directional beam and radiating it in a predetermined direction, thereby achieving directional enhancement and long-distance transmission of the signal.

[0048] Third, when the signal amplifier module 9 operates at high power, it generates a large amount of heat. The temperature sensor 10 installed on it monitors its operating temperature in real time. When the temperature exceeds the first set threshold, the system immediately starts the intelligent heat dissipation program: On the one hand, the heat is quickly conducted to the large-area heat dissipation fin group 3 on both sides of the housing 1 through the heat-conducting base 7 and the heat-conducting plate 8 embedded in the side wall, and passively dissipated through natural convection and radiation; on the other hand, the system simultaneously starts active heat dissipation, that is, it controls the third motor 67 to drive the rotating frame 68 to rotate, and pushes the two moving baffles 611 to slide in opposite directions through the irregular rod 610, thereby dynamically adjusting the effective ventilation area of ​​the through slot 61, realizing precise control of the cooling air volume, and then turning on the fan 66 in the heat dissipation structure 6 to generate forced airflow, efficiently guiding the cold air to the heat-generating components, forming a powerful forced convection heat dissipation, together ensuring that the performance of the core amplifier is not degraded due to overheating.

[0049] Fourth, the system's core controller dynamically selects the optimal operating mode based on preset instructions or real-time sensing of the communication environment. In multi-target synchronous communication mode, the three dielectric substrates 52 are fixed at the optimal elevation angle, and the entire array rotates to the target azimuth, enabling three independent beams to simultaneously lock onto three different communication nodes, establishing three parallel data links to improve the overall capacity. When communication with a single long-distance or high-priority target is required, the system switches to single-target enhancement mode. In this mode, the system precisely aligns one beam with the target and shuts down or reduces the power of the other two channels, concentrating all energy on a single path to achieve the longest distance or highest quality communication. When the direction of the unknown signal source is unknown, the system enters signal search mode, driving the antenna array to perform azimuth rotation and elevation scanning, while simultaneously monitoring the received signal strength in real time. Once the strongest signal is detected, the scanning is immediately stopped and locked, completing the automatic establishment of the link.

[0050] This invention also provides an efficient signal directional enhancement method based on the above system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0051] First, the three dielectric substrates 52 are driven by the composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 to adjust the elevation and azimuth angles, so that the beam generated by the metasurface antenna array module 5 is precisely aligned with the target communication node. In the receiving mode, the weak wireless signal in space is captured by the subwavelength microstructure unit 53 and converted into an electrical signal. This signal is transmitted to the signal amplifier module 9 for low-noise amplification and then output to the back-end processing unit. In the transmitting mode, the baseband signal is amplified by the signal amplifier module 9 and then fed into the subwavelength microstructure unit 53. After phase modulation, a high-gain directional beam is formed and radiates into space.

[0052] Meanwhile, the system executes a thermal management process: the temperature sensor 10 monitors the operating temperature of the signal amplifier module 9 in real time; when the temperature exceeds the first threshold, the system automatically controls the third motor 67 to drive the baffle 611 to move to adjust the ventilation area of ​​the through slot 61, and then starts the fan 66 in the heat dissipation structure 6 to implement forced convection heat dissipation; and the heat generated by the signal amplifier module 9 is simultaneously conducted to the heat dissipation fin group 3 on both sides of the housing 1 through the heat-conducting base 7 and the heat-conducting plate 8 for passive heat dissipation, forming a dual heat dissipation guarantee that combines active and passive heat dissipation.

[0053] The beam alignment step can be achieved by switching between different intelligent operating modes:

[0054] In the multi-target synchronous communication mode, the system controls the composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 to fix the three dielectric substrates 52 at a specific pitch angle and drive the entire array to rotate to the target position, so that the fixed multi-beam radiation structure composed of the three dielectric substrates 52 can simultaneously lock three different remote communication nodes, thereby establishing three parallel and independent communication links.

[0055] In the single-target enhanced communication mode, the system control composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 precisely aligns the main lobe of one of the dielectric substrates 52 with a single high-priority target, while simultaneously shutting down or reducing the transmission power of the corresponding channels of the other two dielectric substrates 52, so as to concentrate all energy to achieve the longest distance or highest quality point-to-point communication.

[0056] In signal search mode, the system controls the composite pointing adjustment mechanism 51 to drive the entire array to perform periodic azimuth rotation and synchronously scan the elevation angle, while monitoring the received signal strength in real time until the direction with the strongest signal is locked.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for a miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna, comprising a housing (1) and a cover plate (2) encapsulated on the front side of the housing (1), wherein heat dissipation fin groups (3) are provided on both sides of the housing (1), characterized in that: A partition (4) is provided on the upper side of the interior of the housing (1). A metasurface antenna array module (5) is provided through the middle side of the partition (4). Heat dissipation structures (6) are embedded on both the left and right sides of the cover plate (2). A heat-conducting base (7) is provided at the bottom of the metasurface antenna array module (5). The left and right sides of the heat-conducting base (7) are connected to the heat dissipation fin group (3) through a heat-conducting sheet (8). The two heat-conducting sheets (8) are respectively embedded in the left and right side walls of the housing (1). The bottom of the heat-conducting base (7) is connected to the signal amplifier module (9), and a temperature sensor (10) is installed on the signal amplifier module (9). The metasurface antenna array module (5) includes a through-hole A composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) is installed inside the middle side of the partition (4). Three dielectric substrates (52) are evenly distributed around the upper periphery of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) at a fixed 120-degree angle. The three dielectric substrates (52) are used to drive the three dielectric substrates (52) to rotate synchronously around their own axes to change the pitch angle, and to drive the three dielectric substrates (52) to rotate together around the central axis of the composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) to change the azimuth angle. Each dielectric substrate (52) is provided with subwavelength microstructure units (53) arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern. Each subwavelength microstructure unit (53) is connected to the signal amplifier module (9) for power amplification of the received or to be transmitted radio frequency signal.

2. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for miniaturized metasurface integrated antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition (4) has three through slots (41) on its inner side for passing through the connection wires of the subwavelength microstructure unit (53) and the signal amplifier module (9).

3. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for the miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting base (7) is provided with connecting columns (71) arranged in an array above it, and each connecting column (71) is fixed to the partition plate (4).

4. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for miniaturized metasurface integrated antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three subwavelength microstructure units (53) on the dielectric substrate (52) are configured to form a fixed multi-beam radiation structure, which can simultaneously generate three independent beams separated by 120 degrees in the azimuth plane for simultaneous data transmission and reception with three different remote communication nodes in space.

5. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for the miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) includes a lower cover (511) and an upper cover (512) embedded and fixed inside the middle side of the partition (4). The lower cover (511) is locked and fixed to the bottom of the upper cover (512). A first motor (513) is locked and fixed to the left side of the bottom of the lower cover (511). A screw (514) is connected to the top output end of the first motor (513). An internal thread block (515) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw (514). The internal thread block (515) is embedded in... The support plate (516) is located inside the support plate (516), and the left side of the support plate (516) slides into the inner wall of the lower cover (511). A rotating sleeve (517) is rotatably inserted through the right side of the support plate (516). A sliding key column (518) is fixedly inserted through the rotating sleeve (517). The sliding key column (518) slides longitudinally through the inside of the cylindrical column (519), and the cylindrical column (519) is fixedly inserted through the middle side of the driven bevel gear (5110). The driven bevel gear (5110) engages with the bottom right side for transmission. There is a drive bevel gear (5111), which is connected to the left output end of the second motor (5112). The second motor (5112) is locked and fixed inside the right side of the upper cover (512). The cylindrical column (519) rotates through the middle side of the positioning seat (5113), and the positioning seat (5113) is fixed through the inner side of the top of the upper cover (512). A three-pronged bracket (5114) is locked and fixed at the top of the sliding key column (518). The bottom sides of the three ends of the column are rotatably connected to universal joints (5115). Each universal joint (5115) is connected to a carrier (5116) at its bottom. The side of the three carriers (5116) near the cylinder (519) is wrapped around the outside of the positioning column (5117). The other end of the three positioning columns (5117) is fixed to the cylinder (519). The side of the three carriers (5116) away from the positioning column (5117) is connected to the three dielectric substrates (52) respectively.

6. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for the miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (52) is fixed to the carrier (5116) by a positioning shaft, and the axis of the positioning shaft coincides with the axis of the positioning post (5117).

7. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for miniaturized metasurface integrated antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure (6) includes a through groove (61) that runs through the inside of the cover plate (2). A first vent plate (62) and a second vent plate (63) are respectively embedded in the right and left sides of the through groove (61). A baffle plate (64) is fixedly connected to the front side of the through groove (61). The upper and lower sides of the rear part of the baffle plate (64) are fastened to the cover plate (2) by a support frame (65). A fan (66) is locked and fixed on the side of the rear part of the support frame (65) near the first vent plate (62). The middle side of the rear part of the support frame (65) is locked and fixed. There is a third motor (67), the front output end of the third motor (67) is connected to the rotating frame (68), and the rotating frame (68) is inserted and rotated inside the support block (69). The support block (69) is locked and fixed to the front middle side of the bearing frame (65). The two ends of the front side of the rotating frame (68) are respectively rotatably connected to a special-shaped rod (610). The other end of the special-shaped rod (610) is connected to the moving baffle (611). The front middle side of the rotating frame (68) is inserted and rotated to a platform (612), and the front part of the platform (612) is fixed to the fixed baffle (64).

8. The high-efficiency signal directional enhancement system for the miniaturized metasurface integrated antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two movable baffles (611) have recessed grooves on their inner sides, and the shaped rod (610) is set inside the recessed grooves. The front side of the movable baffles (611) is in sliding contact with the fixed baffle (64), and a sealing strip is provided on the outer periphery of the rear side of the fixed baffle (64).

9. A highly efficient signal directional enhancement method based on the system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) drives the three dielectric substrates (52) to adjust the elevation and azimuth angles, so that the beam generated by the metasurface antenna array module (5) is aligned with the target communication node. In the receiving mode, the wireless signal in space is captured by the subwavelength microstructure unit (53) and converted into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the signal amplifier module (9) for low-noise amplification and output to the back-end processing unit. In the transmitting mode, the baseband signal is amplified by the signal amplifier module (9) and fed into the subwavelength microstructure unit (53), and after phase modulation, it is radiated into space in the form of a directional beam. Meanwhile, a thermal management process is implemented: the temperature sensor (10) monitors the operating temperature of the signal amplifier module (9) in real time; when the temperature exceeds the first threshold, the fan (66) in the heat dissipation structure (6) is started, and the third motor (67) is controlled to drive the moving baffle (611) to adjust the ventilation area of ​​the through slot (61) and implement forced convection heat dissipation; the heat generated by the signal amplifier module (9) is synchronously conducted to the heat dissipation fin group (3) on both sides of the housing (1) through the heat-conducting base (7) and the heat-conducting plate (8) for passive heat dissipation.

10. The efficient signal directional enhancement method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of aligning the beam generated by the metasurface antenna array module (5) with the target communication node is achieved by switching the following operating modes: In the multi-target synchronous communication mode, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) is controlled to fix the three dielectric substrates (52) at a specific pitch angle and drive the entire array to rotate to the target position, so that the fixed multi-beam radiation structure composed of the three dielectric substrates (52) simultaneously locks three different remote communication nodes to establish three parallel independent communication links. In the single-target enhanced communication mode, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) is controlled to precisely align the main lobe of one of the dielectric substrates (52) with a single high-priority target, while turning off or reducing the transmission power of the corresponding channels of the other two dielectric substrates (52) to concentrate energy to achieve point-to-point communication. In signal search mode, the composite pointing adjustment mechanism (51) is controlled to drive the entire array to perform periodic azimuth rotation and synchronously scan the elevation angle, while monitoring the received signal strength until the direction with the strongest signal is locked.

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