Intelligent air-conditioning, refrigerating, heating and temperature-regulating system for traction converter box of tramcar

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent air conditioner refrigerating, heating and temperature adjusting system for a tramcar traction converter box. The system comprises a traction converter box body, a traction converter unit installed in the traction converter box body, a cooling and heating air conditioning unit used for cooling or heating the interior of the traction converter box body, and a temperature and humidity intelligent controller. The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to obtain the current temperature and the current humidity in the traction converter box body; according to the current temperature and the current humidity, the current dew point temperature of air in the traction converter box is calculated in real time; and when refrigeration is needed, an anti-condensation safety threshold value is generated based on the current dew point temperature, and refrigeration operation of the air conditioner unit is controlled according to the anti-condensation safety threshold value, so that condensation is prevented from being generated on the surface of the traction converter unit. According to the method, the anti-condensation safety threshold value based on the real-time dew point temperature is introduced, so that the operation reliability and safety of the traction converter in the high-humidity environment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental control technology for rail transit vehicle components, and more particularly to a temperature and humidity control system for a traction converter box of a tram. Background Technology

[0002] The traction converter of a tram (or light rail vehicle) is the core power component for realizing vehicle traction and braking control. It integrates a large number of high-voltage, high-power power electronic devices, such as IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) modules, reactors, and capacitors. These devices generate enormous heat during operation, causing a rapid increase in the internal temperature of the traction converter housing. To ensure the stable performance and lifespan of these electronic components, effective cooling of the traction converter housing is essential.

[0003] Currently, existing traction converter cooling technologies mainly focus on improving heat dissipation efficiency. Common cooling methods include natural cooling, forced air cooling, heat pipe radiators, and water cooling. The control logic of these cooling systems is generally quite simple, usually triggered based on a fixed high-temperature threshold. For example, when the temperature sensor inside the enclosure detects that the temperature is higher than a certain set value (e.g., 45 degrees Celsius), the controller starts the fan or cooling system for powerful cooling until the temperature drops below another set value (e.g., 35 degrees Celsius).

[0004] However, this control strategy, which focuses solely on cooling, harbors significant safety hazards under certain environmental conditions (especially in high-humidity environments). Trams typically operate on the ground, where the air humidity can be extremely high (e.g., in coastal cities, during the rainy season, or along rivers). When the traction converter housing is filled with hot and humid air due to high-temperature operation, the aforementioned traditional cooling system, once activated, will rapidly lower the temperature of the radiator surface by forcefully cooling the air. If the temperature of the cooled equipment surface (such as the metal casing of the traction converter unit, heat sinks, or structural components near the air conditioning vents) is forcibly reduced below the dew point temperature of the hot and humid air inside the housing, water vapor in the air will immediately undergo a phase change on these cold surfaces, condensing into liquid water droplets—a phenomenon known as condensation.

[0005] For high-voltage, high-power equipment like traction converters, the generation of condensate is catastrophic. Liquid water can severely damage the insulation between electronic components, potentially causing short circuits and arcing between pins of high-voltage parts, burning out expensive power modules, and even causing electrical fires, posing a serious threat to vehicle operational safety.

[0006] In summary, existing traction converter temperature control systems generally lack the ability to sense and calculate the two key environmental parameters: humidity and dew point temperature. Their design goal is simply to prevent high temperatures, but they fail to address the anti-condensation problem arising from the cooling process itself in humid and hot environments, creating a fundamental technical contradiction. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a temperature control system that can intelligently adjust the cooling strategy by considering both temperature and humidity, thereby fundamentally eliminating the risk of condensation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent air conditioning, cooling, heating and temperature control system for tram traction converter boxes, in order to solve the problems pointed out in the background art.

[0008] The intelligent air conditioning, cooling, heating, and temperature control system for tram traction converter boxes provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: Traction converter housing; The traction converter unit is installed in the traction converter housing; A heating and cooling air conditioning unit is used to cool or heat the interior of the traction converter housing; as well as The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured as follows: Obtain the current temperature and humidity inside the traction converter housing; Based on the current temperature and humidity, the current dew point temperature of the air inside the traction converter housing is calculated in real time. as well as When cooling is required, an anti-condensation safety threshold is generated based on the current dew point temperature, and the cooling operation of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit is controlled according to the anti-condensation safety threshold to prevent condensation from occurring on the surface of the traction converter unit.

[0009] Optionally, the heating and cooling air conditioning unit is installed on the side wall of the traction converter housing; the traction converter housing is provided with ventilation holes for air intake of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit and air outlets for heat exhaust.

[0010] Optionally, the system further includes a windshield airflow control structure disposed inside the traction converter housing; the windshield airflow control structure is used to guide the air supplied by the heating and cooling air conditioning unit through the traction converter unit.

[0011] Optionally, the system further includes a vehicle information display screen; the intelligent temperature and humidity controller is also configured to transmit the current temperature to the vehicle information display screen and control the operation of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit in response to a target temperature range set on the vehicle information display screen.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to control the heating operation of the air conditioning unit when the current temperature is lower than a preset low temperature threshold.

[0013] Optionally, the system also includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor disposed inside the traction converter housing; The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to obtain the current temperature via the temperature sensor and the current humidity via the humidity sensor.

[0014] Optionally, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller is specifically configured as follows: The current dew point temperature is added to a preset safety margin to generate the anti-condensation safety threshold.

[0015] Optionally, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller is further configured as follows: When the current temperature is higher than the target temperature and the target temperature is lower than the anti-condensation safety threshold, it is determined that there is a risk of condensation. as well as In response to the determination that there is a risk of condensation, the anti-condensation safety threshold is preferentially used as the minimum target temperature for the refrigeration operation.

[0016] Optionally, the air conditioning unit includes a refrigeration module and a heating module; When the intelligent temperature and humidity controller determines that there is a risk of condensation, it is further configured to: The refrigeration module is controlled to operate in order to reduce the air temperature and remove moisture; as well as Simultaneously, the heating module is controlled to reheat the air cooled by the cooling module.

[0017] Optionally, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller is further configured as follows: During the cooling operation, the surface temperature of the traction converter unit or the outlet temperature of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit is monitored in real time and ensured to always be higher than the anti-condensation safety threshold.

[0018] The present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects: This invention provides an intelligent air conditioning cooling and heating temperature control system. By acquiring the temperature and humidity inside the unit in real time and calculating the current air dew point temperature, a dynamic anti-condensation safety threshold is generated. When performing a cooling task, the system ensures that the minimum operating temperature (e.g., outlet temperature or unit surface temperature) remains above this safety threshold. This control strategy fundamentally solves the inherent contradiction between cooling behavior and condensation risk in the prior art, achieving the goal of both cooling and preventing condensation, and greatly improving the operational reliability and safety of the traction converter in high-humidity environments.

[0019] The intelligent temperature and humidity controller in this invention possesses advanced priority decision-making logic. When the target temperature set by the operator (e.g., an excessively low temperature set for extreme cooling) conflicts with the anti-condensation safety threshold calculated by the system, the controller can intelligently determine that there is a risk of condensation and forcibly prioritize the anti-condensation safety threshold as the lower limit for cooling. This design avoids equipment damage due to condensation caused by human error or unreasonable temperature settings, making the system's safety protection mechanism more intelligent and robust.

[0020] This invention also provides an active dehumidification control mode. When a high risk of condensation is detected (e.g., extremely high ambient humidity), the system can coordinate the operation of the refrigeration and heating modules simultaneously. First, deep cooling is used to remove moisture from the air (dehumidification), then the dried air is heated (reheated) before being introduced into the enclosure. This dehumidification and reheating mode, compared to a passive defense strategy that simply limits the minimum cooling temperature, can more proactively and quickly reduce the absolute humidity inside the enclosure, thereby fundamentally lowering the dew point temperature and creating greater margin for safe cooling, enabling the system to adapt to more extreme high-humidity environments.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the traction converter box on the top of the tram in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the traction converter housing in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a wall-mounted air conditioning refrigeration and heating unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the traction converter box temperature setting and display interface in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the interior of the tram traction converter box in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is an external view of the tram traction converter box in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: This example provides an intelligent air conditioning, cooling, heating, and temperature control system for a tram traction converter box. Its core working principle lies in establishing a closed-loop anti-condensation safety control logic based on real-time dew point temperature. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the system includes a traction converter enclosure, a traction converter unit installed inside the enclosure, a heating and cooling air conditioning unit, and a temperature and humidity intelligent controller as the control core.

[0026] The intelligent temperature and humidity controller is configured to continuously acquire two key real-time environmental parameters from inside the traction converter enclosure via its data acquisition interface: the current temperature and the current humidity. The controller integrates an algorithm module for calculating air conditions. This module (e.g., using a built-in lookup table or a known algorithm based on the physical properties of humid air) dynamically and in real-time calculates the current dew point temperature of the air inside the enclosure using the aforementioned real-time temperature and humidity input values. When the current temperature inside the enclosure exceeds the preset cooling trigger temperature (e.g., a higher upper limit of operating temperature) due to heat generated by the traction converter unit during operation, and the system determines that a cooling program needs to be initiated, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller does not directly use a fixed low temperature value as the cooling target as in existing technologies. Instead, it prioritizes its core anti-condensation safety strategy: it first generates a dynamic anti-condensation safety threshold based on the just-calculated current dew point temperature using a specific algorithm (e.g., adding a safety margin to the dew point temperature).

[0027] Subsequently, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller uses this real-time updated anti-condensation safety threshold as the absolute minimum temperature limit for this cooling operation. Based on this threshold (or a conventional target temperature that is guaranteed to be above this threshold), it precisely controls the cooling power and outlet air temperature of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit. In this way, the system ensures that the temperature of the cold air supplied by the heating and cooling air conditioning unit, as well as the surface temperature of the traction converter unit cooled by the cold air, remains above the current dew point temperature of the air inside the enclosure at all times during cooling operation. This proactively and preventively avoids the possibility of water vapor condensing into water on the surface of the unit's high-pressure components, fundamentally guaranteeing the long-term safe and stable operation of the traction converter in various high-humidity environments.

[0028] Example 2: Based on the system described in Example 1, this example further defines the physical installation layout and external airflow organization of the system. The heating and cooling air conditioning unit is integrated and installed on the side wall of the traction converter housing. This side-mounted design is not only suitable for the undercarriage of trams (or such as...) Figure 1 The narrow installation space on the roof (as shown) also facilitates subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0029] To facilitate the normal operation of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit, ventilation holes and air outlets are specially provided on the corresponding wall surface of the traction inverter enclosure (i.e., the side wall where the air conditioning unit is installed or the adjacent wall surface) for the heat exchange of the air conditioning unit itself. The specific working principle is as follows: when the heating and cooling air conditioning unit is running (whether cooling or heating), its external heat exchange system (such as the condenser in cooling mode or the outdoor heat exchanger in heating mode) needs to exchange heat with the atmospheric environment outside the enclosure: air from outside the enclosure is drawn into the external heat exchange path of the air conditioning unit through one or more dedicated air inlet vents; after the heat exchange is completed (for example, removing the heat released by the condenser during cooling), this air is then forcibly discharged into the surrounding environment outside the enclosure through one or more dedicated exhaust vents.

[0030] This structured air intake and exhaust channel design physically isolates the external heat exchange cycle (i.e., outdoor circulation) of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit from the internal air temperature regulation cycle (i.e., indoor circulation). This ensures that the heating and cooling air conditioning unit can operate efficiently and stably, while preventing the waste heat (or waste cold) discharged from it from causing secondary thermal pollution or interference to the controlled environment inside the traction converter housing. This provides the necessary physical prerequisite for achieving precise temperature and humidity control.

[0031] Example 3: Based on the physical installation structure described in Example 2, in order to further optimize the cooling (or heating) efficiency inside the traction converter housing and ensure that the temperature regulation energy is accurately applied to the target object (i.e., the traction converter unit), this example also adds a wind deflector air induced draft control structure inside the traction converter housing.

[0032] This windshield airflow control structure can be specifically implemented as a series of aerodynamically designed, fixed- or adjustable-angle guide vanes, internal air ducts of specific shapes, or partitions used to isolate ineffective spaces. Its core working principle lies in the active and precise management and guidance of the flow path of the temperature-controlled air (i.e., cold or hot air) delivered into the housing by the heating and cooling air conditioning unit in Example 2. When the heating and cooling air conditioning unit delivers cold air into the housing, this windshield airflow control structure is designed to capture this cold airflow and confine it within a predetermined flow channel, forcing it to preferentially and at high speed flow over the surfaces of the main heat-generating components of the traction converter unit (e.g., the heat sinks of the power module, the surface of the reactor, etc.).

[0033] This approach significantly improves the convective heat transfer coefficient and efficiency between cold air and key heat sources, ensuring that cooling energy is used most effectively to reduce the temperature of the unit's core components, rather than being wasted or accumulating cold in other non-critical areas within the unit. This precise airflow guidance design not only significantly improves the overall temperature control response speed and energy utilization of the system, but also makes the control of the traction converter unit's surface temperature more uniform and precise. This allows for better coordination with the anti-condensation safety logic described in Example 1, preventing the risk of condensation due to localized overcooling.

[0034] Example 4: Based on the system described in Example 1, this example adds a human-computer interaction interface, specifically a vehicle information display screen integrated into the tram driver's cab or train monitoring system.

[0035] The temperature and humidity intelligent controller in this embodiment is additionally configured with a communication interface (such as a CAN bus interface or an industrial Ethernet interface), enabling it to access the vehicle's overall control network and conduct bidirectional data communication with the vehicle information display screen.

[0036] The human-machine interaction principle of this system is reflected in two aspects: First, information output and status monitoring. The intelligent temperature and humidity controller will periodically (or when changes occur) transmit a series of key status parameters, such as the current temperature and humidity inside the traction converter housing obtained by the sensor described in Example 6, and the current dew point temperature calculated by Example 1, to the vehicle information display screen via the vehicle bus. These parameters are displayed in real time in digital or graphical form, allowing train drivers or ground maintenance personnel to remotely and intuitively monitor whether the environmental status inside the traction converter housing is normal. Second, command input and parameter setting, such as... Figure 4As shown, the vehicle information display screen is also configured to allow operators with appropriate permissions (such as drivers or maintenance technicians) to actively set a desired target temperature range inside the enclosure (e.g., 25 degrees Celsius to 35 degrees Celsius) through its touch interface or physical buttons, based on the current operating conditions (e.g., different seasons, different load conditions, or specific line environments).

[0037] After receiving the target temperature range set by the operator, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller will use it as the reference parameter for normal temperature control operation. Without violating the safety priority logic described in Example 8, it will control the start-up, shutdown and operation of the air conditioning unit according to this target range, thereby realizing an advanced control strategy that combines intelligent and automated safety protection with customized and humanized operation management.

[0038] Example 5: This example further supplements and improves the temperature regulation function of the intelligent temperature and humidity controller in Example 1, enabling it to not only have cooling capabilities but also equipment protection capabilities in low-temperature environments. The non-volatile memory of the intelligent temperature and humidity controller not only presets a high-temperature threshold for triggering cooling but also presets a low-temperature threshold (for example, set to below 5 degrees Celsius or 0 degrees Celsius according to the specifications of the electronic components in the traction converter unit). This low-temperature threshold represents the lowest ambient temperature that the traction converter unit can withstand for safe operation or standby storage.

[0039] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During the continuous monitoring of the internal environment of the enclosure as described in Embodiment 1, when the current temperature value acquired by the intelligent temperature and humidity controller is determined to be below the preset low-temperature threshold, the system determines that there is a risk of low-temperature damage (such as drift of electronic component performance parameters, freezing failure of electrolytic capacitors, or embrittlement of mechanical structures). At this time, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller will automatically switch its control mode, immediately suppress any cooling logic (even if there is a cooling request), and instead actively and automatically send a heating operation command to the heating module of the heating and cooling air conditioning unit (such as a built-in PTC ceramic heater or heat pump cycle), controlling it to start delivering hot air into the traction converter enclosure. The heating operation will continue until the current temperature inside the enclosure is raised back to a safe temperature range above the low-temperature threshold (for example, rising back to 8 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius), at which point the controller will stop the heating operation and return the system to the standby monitoring state.

[0040] This automated low-temperature protection logic ensures that the internal environment of the traction converter unit remains within a suitable operating temperature range, even in cold northern climates or during long-term overnight shutdowns, thus guaranteeing the equipment's start-up reliability and service life.

[0041] Example 6: This example details the specific hardware implementation and physical basis for the intelligent temperature and humidity controller in Example 1 to acquire the two key input data: current temperature and current humidity. To achieve accurate and representative environmental sensing, this system installs at least one high-precision temperature sensor (e.g., a thermistor or digital temperature chip) and at least one high-precision humidity sensor (e.g., a capacitive or resistive humidity sensor, which may also be integrated into the same temperature and humidity composite sensor module) at several key locations inside the traction converter housing (e.g., a location reflecting the average air conditioner state inside the housing, such as the return air vent of a heating and cooling air conditioning unit; or a weak point most prone to condensation, such as near the metal casing of the traction converter unit). These sensors are physically connected to the input interface of the main processing unit (e.g., a microcontroller (MCU) or a PLC) of the intelligent temperature and humidity controller via dedicated shielded signal cables (to resist high-intensity electromagnetic interference generated by the traction converter) or via a low-power wireless sensor network.

[0042] The working principle of this embodiment is that these deployed temperature and humidity sensors measure the air thermodynamic temperature and relative humidity at their location in real time and continuously (or periodically at a very high data refresh rate), and instantly convert these measured physical quantities into standardized electrical signals (e.g., 4-20 mA current signals, 0-5 V voltage signals, or I2C / SPI digital bus signals) and output them. The main processing unit of the temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to actively poll and read, or passively receive, signals from these sensors triggered by interrupts via its corresponding data acquisition interface (e.g., A / D converter or digital I / O port). After necessary signal conditioning (e.g., filtering, amplification, calibration), the signals are decoded and restored to accurate values ​​of the current temperature and humidity, thus providing the most original, timely, and reliable real-time data source for the subsequent dew point calculation and all control decision logic described in Embodiment 1.

[0043] In embodiments of the present invention, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller calculates the current dew point temperature in real time, and this calculation can employ standard algorithms known to those skilled in the art. For example, but not limited to, the controller can incorporate a dew point calculation formula known in the art (such as the Magnus-Tetens formula).

[0044] Example 7: This example details the specific algorithm implementation and technical logic of the core step of generating the anti-condensation safety threshold described in Example 1. After the temperature and humidity intelligent controller calculates the current dew point temperature of the air inside the chamber in real time through the internal calculation module described in Example 1 (based on the temperature and humidity data obtained in Example 6), its control program does not directly use this current dew point temperature threshold as the lower limit of cooling control.

[0045] This is because setting the cooling target to exactly equal the dew point temperature would cause the system to operate at the critical point where condensation is about to occur, lacking sufficient disturbance rejection and safety redundancy. Any minute measurement error, temperature fluctuation, or uneven airflow could lead to actual condensation. Therefore, to ensure absolute safety, the control logic of the temperature and humidity intelligent controller is specifically configured to perform an operation that increases the safety margin: it reads a temperature difference value defined as a preset safety margin from its internal non-volatile memory (this value can be preset by the manufacturer or subsequently calibrated by maintenance personnel). This temperature difference is for example, a fixed temperature value, such as an empirical 2 or 3 degrees Celsius; or in more advanced algorithms, this margin value can be a variable dynamically adjusted based on the current humidity, for example, the higher the humidity, the larger the margin value.

[0046] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: after obtaining the current dew point temperature, the controller's main processing unit immediately performs a mathematical addition operation, adding the preset safety margin value to the currently calculated current dew point temperature value. The final sum obtained from this addition operation, namely (current dew point temperature + preset safety margin), is confirmed by the controller as the final anti-condensation safety threshold under the current operating conditions, used to guide and constrain all subsequent refrigeration operations. This threshold physically represents an absolutely safe operating lower limit that always dynamically floats above the actual condensation point, thereby ensuring that even under the most unfavorable operating conditions, the surface temperature of the controlled equipment will never reach the true dew point.

[0047] In Embodiment 7 of the present invention, the preset safety margin is a key parameter used to ensure absolute operational safety under fluctuating operating conditions.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the preset safety margin is set to a fixed value of 2°C to 5°C. For example, a 5°C safety margin ensures that the surface temperature remains dry under all circumstances. In other embodiments with extremely low tolerance for condensation risk, the margin may be set to approximately 2.8°C above the current dew point temperature, or in broader industrial applications, to a range of approximately 5.5°C to 13.9°C. This margin value may be preset in the controller's non-volatile memory.

[0049] Example 8: Based on the anti-condensation safety threshold generated in Example 7, this example further describes in detail the intelligent decision-making and priority adjudication logic when the desired target temperature set by the operator (as described in Example 4) conflicts with the system's own anti-condensation safety requirements.

[0050] In its main control loop, the temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to immediately execute a set of pre-emptive, high-level safety judgment logic whenever it is determined that cooling is required (i.e., the current temperature is higher than the cooling trigger temperature in Example 1).

[0051] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The controller first reads the target temperature set by the user, which was passed in by Embodiment 4, from the memory; then, the controller performs a crucial logical comparison, namely, determining whether the user's target temperature is lower than the dynamic anti-condensation safety threshold just calculated by Embodiment 7. If this comparison condition is determined to be true (i.e., target temperature < anti-condensation safety threshold), this physically means that the cooling temperature expected by the operator has exceeded the safety limit. If cooling is forcibly performed according to this target, condensation will inevitably occur.

[0052] Therefore, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller will immediately determine that there is a high risk of condensation. In response to this highest-priority risk assessment, the controller's safety protection logic will override the operator's instructions: it will actively ignore or reject the user-set target temperature value that is too low; instead, it will forcibly and preferentially adopt the anti-condensation safety threshold generated in Example 7 itself, or a temperature value slightly higher than that threshold (e.g., threshold + 0.5 degrees Celsius), and use it as the actual minimum target temperature for this cooling operation (i.e., the absolute lower limit of cooling). This control strategy, which prioritizes safety, ensures that the system's anti-condensation protection function always overrides the user-defined temperature control target, thus logically preventing condensation accidents caused by improper target settings.

[0053] Example 9: Based on the condensation risk identified in Example 8, this example provides a more proactive and powerful strategy for dealing with high humidity environments, namely, dehumidification and reheat mode. In this example, the air conditioning unit is clearly divided into an independent refrigeration module (mainly including a compressor, evaporator, and expansion valve) and an independent heating module (e.g., a PTC electric heater or a four-way valve switching for a heat pump).

[0054] When the temperature and humidity intelligent controller determines a risk of condensation in the logic of Example 8, especially when it detects extremely high ambient humidity, causing the current dew point temperature to be very close to the current temperature, making the safe cooling temperature difference (i.e., current temperature - anti-condensation safety threshold) provided by Example 7 very narrow and difficult to effectively cool down, the controller can be configured to activate this special dehumidification and reheating collaborative working mode. Its specific working principle is that the controller simultaneously sends operating commands to both the cooling module and the heating module: First, the refrigeration module (e.g., the compressor operates at full power) is intentionally cooled to a level far below the dew point temperature of the air inside the chamber. This forces the hot, humid air flowing through the evaporator to be deeply cooled, causing a large amount of water vapor in the air to condense and precipitate rapidly on the cold evaporator surface. The condensate is then discharged outside the chamber through a drain pipe (thus achieving forced dehumidification of the air inside the chamber). Then, this cooled and dried air is not directly introduced into the traction converter housing (because its temperature would be too low and trigger condensation), but is instead guided through the simultaneously activated heating module. The heating module (e.g., electric heating) reheats this dry air, rapidly raising its temperature above the anti-condensation safety threshold determined in Example 7 (or Example 8). Finally, air with a safe temperature (not lower than the safety threshold) and extremely low humidity (dry) is introduced into the traction converter housing.

[0055] This synergistic working method of first deep cooling and dehumidification, followed by immediate heating and temperature rise, effectively and proactively reduces the absolute humidity inside the chamber without significantly lowering (or even slightly raising) the internal temperature. This fundamentally lowers the current dew point temperature of the air inside the chamber, greatly expanding the margin for safe cooling in the future.

[0056] Example 10: Based on the anti-condensation safety threshold generated in Example 7, this example adds a crucial, real-time safety verification and closed-loop feedback mechanism to the entire anti-condensation control system. To ensure that the theoretical control target of the anti-condensation safety threshold set in Examples 7 and 8 is strictly adhered to and achieved in actual physical operation, this system is additionally equipped with a temperature sensor for real-time verification.

[0057] The installation locations of these verification sensors are highly targeted. For example, one or more sensors are specifically designed to monitor the actual outlet temperature of the cold air supplied to the interior of the unit by the heating and cooling air conditioning unit (because this is the lowest temperature source); and / or, one or more sensors are directly attached to the surface temperature of the metal casing of the traction converter unit, which is most prone to condensation and has high thermal inertia. The working principle of this embodiment is that throughout the entire cooling operation, the intelligent temperature and humidity controller not only sets the control target (i.e., the anti-condensation safety threshold), but also simultaneously monitors the actual temperature readings from the aforementioned one or more verification sensors in real time at an extremely high sampling frequency (e.g., several or even dozens of times per second).

[0058] A high-speed comparator or PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control algorithm inside the controller continuously compares the real-time monitored actual temperature value (whether it is the air outlet temperature or the unit surface temperature) with the dynamic anti-condensation safety threshold in memory.

[0059] Once the control algorithm predicts or detects that the actual temperature is approaching (e.g., below the safety threshold + 0.5 degrees Celsius) or momentarily below the safety threshold, the controller will immediately take real-time, closed-loop intervention measures, such as rapidly reducing the output power of the refrigeration module (e.g., commanding the inverter compressor to reduce its speed) or temporarily stopping the refrigeration operation, to ensure that the physical temperature at this critical location is always (in any transient process) rigidly maintained above the anti-condensation safety threshold, thus forming a dynamic calculation, active control, real-time verification, closed-loop feedback, and extremely high-safety-level anti-condensation protection system.

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A tramcar traction converter box intelligent air conditioning refrigeration heating temperature regulating system, characterized in that, The system comprises: a traction converter box; a traction converter unit installed in the traction converter box; a cooling and heating air conditioning unit for cooling or heating the inside of the traction converter box; and a temperature and humidity intelligent controller configured to: obtain a current temperature and a current humidity inside the traction converter box; calculate a current dew point temperature of air inside the traction converter box in real time according to the current temperature and the current humidity; and generate an anti-condensation safety threshold based on the current dew point temperature when cooling is needed, and control the cooling operation of the cooling and heating air conditioning unit according to the anti-condensation safety threshold to prevent condensation on the surface of the traction converter unit. The cooling and heating air conditioning unit is installed on a side wall of the traction converter box, and the traction converter box is provided with a ventilation hole for air intake of the cooling and heating air conditioning unit and an air outlet for heat dissipation. The system further comprises a wind baffle air guide control structure arranged inside the traction converter box, which is used to guide the air sent by the cooling and heating air conditioning unit to flow through the traction converter unit.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein: The system further comprises a vehicle information display screen, and the temperature and humidity intelligent controller is further configured to transmit the current temperature to the vehicle information display screen and control the operation of the cooling and heating air conditioning unit in response to a target temperature range set on the vehicle information display screen.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein: The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to control the heating operation of the cooling and heating air conditioning unit when the current temperature is lower than a preset low temperature threshold.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein: The system further comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor arranged inside the traction converter box.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein: The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is configured to obtain the current temperature via the temperature sensor and the current humidity via the humidity sensor.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein: The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is specifically configured to: add a preset safety margin to the current dew point temperature to generate the anti-condensation safety threshold.

7. The system of claim 1 or 6, wherein: The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is further configured to: determine that there is a condensation risk when the current temperature is higher than a target temperature and the target temperature is lower than the anti-condensation safety threshold; and 8. The system of claim 7, wherein: in response to determining that there is the condensation risk, preferentially use the anti-condensation safety threshold as the lowest target temperature for the cooling operation. The cooling and heating air conditioning unit comprises a cooling module and a heating module. When determining that there is the condensation risk, the temperature and humidity intelligent controller is further configured to: control the cooling module to operate to lower the air temperature and condense water; and 9. The system of claim 8, wherein: simultaneously control the heating module to operate to reheat the air cooled by the cooling module. The temperature and humidity intelligent controller is further configured to: monitor and ensure that the surface temperature of the traction converter unit or the air outlet temperature of the cooling and heating air conditioning unit is always higher than the anti-condensation safety threshold in real time during the cooling operation. ​ ​ 10. The system of claim 7, wherein: ​ ​

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