System and method for producing titanium concentrate at low cost by using vanadium titano-magnetite

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for producing titanium concentrate at low cost by using vanadium titano-magnetite, which comprises a hydrocyclone device, a high-frequency vibrating screen device, a weak magnetic drum type magnetic separator device, a ball mill, a first titanium concentrate separation device and a second titanium concentrate separation device, the first titanium concentrate separation device is used for performing first-time enriched ilmenite roughing on a mixture obtained by adding ferrosilicon powder into oversize products obtained after hydrocyclone sand setting and screening classification and stirring and size mixing and performing first-time enriched ilmenite scavenging on tailings of the mixture; the second titanium concentrate separation device is used for performing secondary enriched ilmenite roughing on a mixture obtained by adding ferrosilicon powder into hydrocyclone settled sand formed after undersize products obtained after screening and grading are subjected to hydrocyclone grading again, stirring and size mixing, and performing secondary enriched ilmenite scavenging on tailings of the undersize products obtained after secondary enriched ilmenite roughing and secondary enriched ilmenite scavenging; therefore, the quantity of ores entering the flotation operation and the addition amount of flotation reagents can be reduced, the reagent cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The invention further discloses a method for low-cost production of the titanium concentrate from the vanadium titano-magnetite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization technology of vanadium-titanium magnetite, and in particular relates to a system and method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium is an important and rare strategic metal with a series of superior properties unmatched by other metals, including high specific strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, shape memory, good ductility and biocompatibility, superconductivity, and strong surface decorative properties. It has wide applications in aerospace, petrochemicals, construction, power, medical, and sporting goods, and is often referred to as the "third metal" after iron and aluminum. TiO2 is the best white inorganic pigment and is widely used in coatings, plastics, synthetic fibers, rubber, papermaking, printing inks, and cosmetics. The main industrially valuable titanium-bearing minerals in nature are ilmenite and rutile, with approximately 93.42% of titanium resources (based on TiO2) existing in the form of ilmenite.

[0003] The recovery of middlings titanium resources from iron tailings in vanadium-titanium magnetite beneficiation has undergone several innovations, evolving from spiral sluice gravity separation-flotation desulfurization-drying-electrostatic separation to the now widely used high-intensity magnetic separation (+spiral sluice gravity separation)-flotation desulfurization-flotation titanium separation. Currently, the TiO2 grade of the material entering the flotation desulfurization titanium separation process is generally 11% to 18%, while the TiO2 grade of the ilmenite concentrate is generally 45% to 47%, requiring the addition of large amounts of sulfuric acid and other flotation reagents. High acidity leads to high reagent consumption and severe corrosion of equipment and pipelines in titanium separation operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a low-cost method for producing titanium concentrate and reducing reagent consumption in ilmenite flotation operations.

[0004] The vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings currently used for iron ore beneficiation contain approximately 13% TFe and 9% TiO2. Because the TiO2 grade of the pre-enriched concentrate can only be increased to 11% to 18% using a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator alone, and the TiO2 recovery rate of the pre-enriched concentrate is only 65% ​​to 75%, and with the addition of flotation, the titanium resource recovery rate of vanadium-titanium magnetite is only 15% to 58% (for iron ore beneficiation tailings). The current titanium concentrate production method involves a very complicated process, requires a lot of equipment, and involves a large amount of ore and reagents for ilmenite flotation, which leads to low production efficiency and high equipment and reagent costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a system and method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite. This system can significantly reduce the amount of ore entering the ilmenite flotation process and the amount of ilmenite flotation reagents added, thereby reducing reagent costs. It can also simplify the overall process, reduce equipment usage, lower equipment costs, and improve production efficiency.

[0006] This invention provides a system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, comprising:

[0007] Hydrocyclone device, high-frequency vibrating screen device, weak magnetic drum magnetic separator device, ball mill, first titanium concentrate separation device and second titanium concentrate separation device;

[0008] Both the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device include:

[0009] A vertical cavity and an inclined cavity are connected by an irregular inverted cone. The vertical cavity is located below the inclined cavity and is connected to a rising water pipe on its outer periphery. The inclined cavity contains inclined plates of the same shape and size. The width of the inclined cavity and all the inclined plates gradually decreases from bottom to top. The inclined cavity has a tailings discharge section at the top. The vertical cavity contains a stirring component. The main body of the vertical cavity is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. A feed pipe is provided on the outer periphery of the main body. A concentrate discharge pipe is provided below the cone. The rising water pipe is used to input water into the vertical cavity and use the input water to push the low-density mineral particles in it to move upward along the inclined plates in the vertical cavity and the inclined cavity, so that the low-density mineral particles are pushed out from the tailings discharge section and the high-density titanomagnetite falls from the concentrate discharge pipe, thereby achieving the enrichment of titanomagnetite.

[0010] The height of the vertical cavity in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is not greater than the height of the vertical cavity in the second titanium concentrate sorting device, and the spacing between the inclined plates in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is greater than the spacing between the inclined plates in the second titanium concentrate sorting device.

[0011] The inclined cavity in the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device has a rectangular cross-section;

[0012] The first titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a first enrichment of ilmenite roughing on the mixture after adding ferrosilicon powder to the oversize product after hydrocyclone settling and screening and to perform a first enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the tailings generated by the first enrichment of ilmenite roughing.

[0013] The second titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite roughing on the mixture formed by adding ferrosilicon powder to the hydrocyclone classifying product after screening and grading, and to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the tailings generated from the second enrichment of ilmenite roughing.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-described system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, the height of the vertical cavity in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is 50cm to 70cm, and the height of the vertical cavity in the second titanium concentrate sorting device is 70cm to 90cm.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-described system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, the spacing between the inclined plates in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is 5 mm to 7 mm, and the spacing between the inclined plates in the second titanium concentrate sorting device is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.

[0016] This invention provides a method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, utilizing a system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising:

[0017] S1: The high-frequency vibrating screen device is used to filter vanadium-titanium magnetite slag, the weak magnetic drum magnetic separator device is used to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the undersize product of the slag, the tailings of the weak magnetic iron removal are subjected to strong magnetic pre-selection, the hydrocyclone device and the high-frequency vibrating screen device are used to perform the first classification of the magnetic concentrate of the strong magnetic pre-selection, and the ball mill is used to grind the classified coarse product and the slag screen oversize product and then return them for weak magnetic iron removal.

[0018] S2: The high-frequency vibrating screen device is used to perform a second grading of the fine particle product;

[0019] S3: Add ferrosilicon powder to the sieve product after the second classification and stir to adjust the slurry. Then, use the first titanium concentrate sorting device to perform the first enrichment of ilmenite roughing to produce the first titanium concentrate and the second tailings. Perform the first enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the second tailings to produce the second titanium concentrate and the third tailings.

[0020] S4: The screened product after the second classification is classified by hydrocyclone. Ferrosilicon powder is added to the hydrocyclone sediment and stirred to adjust the slurry. The second titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite roughing to produce a third titanium concentrate and a fourth tailings. The fourth tailings are then subjected to a second enrichment of ilmenite scavenging to produce a fourth titanium concentrate and a fifth tailings.

[0021] S5: The weak magnetic drum magnetic separator is used to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the second titanium concentrate and the fourth titanium concentrate to obtain weak magnetic iron removal tailings and the first ferrosilicon concentrate, and the first ferrosilicon concentrate is demagnetized to obtain recyclable ferrosilicon powder.

[0022] S6: The weak magnetic drum magnetic separator is used to weakly remove iron from the third titanium concentrate and the first titanium concentrate to obtain the second ferrosilicon concentrate and the sixth titanium concentrate. The second ferrosilicon concentrate is demagnetized to obtain recyclable ferrosilicon powder.

[0023] S7: The weak magnetic iron removal tailings obtained in step S5 and the hydrocyclone overflow obtained in step S4 are concentrated, the resulting underflow is classified by hydrocyclone, the hydrocyclone overflow obtained at this time is screened and classified, the undersize product is subjected to flotation desulfurization and flotation titanium removal, and the fifth titanium concentrate is used as the final concentrate. The hydrocyclone undersand obtained by hydrocyclone classification and the oversize product generated by screening and classification are returned to step S1 for grinding.

[0024] S8: The sixth titanium concentrate is subjected to flotation desulfurization to obtain the seventh titanium concentrate as the final concentrate, and a sulfur concentrate is also obtained.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-described method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, the silicon content of the ferrosilicon powder is 13% to 18%.

[0026] Preferably, in the above method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, step S1 includes:

[0027] S11: Use a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen hole diameter of 1mm to 1.5mm to remove slag. The product under the screen enters step S12, and the product over the screen enters step S15.

[0028] S12: Use a weak magnetic drum magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 3000 Oe to 4000 Oe to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the screened product of the slag separator, remove strong magnetic minerals, and the tailings enter step S13.

[0029] S13: For the tailings generated in step S12, a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator is used for strong magnetic roughing and pre-enrichment of ilmenite. The magnetic field strength is 0.8T to 1.0T. The magnetic tailings flow by gravity into step S14, and the magnetic concentrate flows into step S15.

[0030] S14: For the magnetic separation tailings generated in step S13, a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator is used to perform strong magnetic scavenging pre-enrichment of ilmenite. The magnetic field strength is 0.9T to 1.2T. The magnetic separation tailings are used as the first tailings and the first tailings are used as the final tailings. The obtained magnetic separation concentrate is pumped into step S15.

[0031] S15: The magnetic concentrate produced in steps S13 and S14 is classified using a hydrocyclone to separate it into hydrocyclone underflow and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone underflow flows by gravity into step S18, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows by gravity into step S16.

[0032] S16: The overflow from the hydrocyclone generated in step S15 is classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.5mm. The product on the screen enters step S18, and the product under the screen is pumped into step S17.

[0033] S17: The undersize product generated in step S16 is classified using a hydrocyclone to separate it into hydrocyclone undersand and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone undersand flows by gravity into step S3, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows into step S2.

[0034] S18: The oversize product generated in steps S11 and S16 and the hydrocyclone undersand generated in step S15 are ground, and the ground ore discharge is pumped to step S12.

[0035] Preferably, in the above method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, step S2 includes:

[0036] The hydrocyclone overflow generated in step S17 is classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.074 mm. The product on the screen enters step S3, and the product under the screen flows by gravity into step S4.

[0037] Preferably, in the above method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, the concentration process in step S7 uses a center-driven rake thickener, and the underflow concentration of the center-driven rake thickener is controlled to be 30% to 50%. The screening and grading in step S7 uses a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.10 mm.

[0038] Preferably, in the above method for producing titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite at low cost, the flotation desulfurization process in step S7 includes: adding sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and No. 2 oil reagent to perform flotation desulfurization using a flotation machine, including a first-stage roughing and a two-stage scavenging open-circuit process;

[0039] The titanium flotation process in step S7 includes: adding sulfuric acid, diesel oil, titanium flotation collector, and high-quality titanium reagent, and using a flotation machine to perform titanium flotation, including a closed-loop process of one roughing stage, two scavenging stages, three cleaning stages, and sequential return of middlings.

[0040] Preferably, in the above method for producing titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite at low cost, the flotation desulfurization process in step S8 includes: adding sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and No. 2 oil reagent, and using a flotation machine for flotation desulfurization, including one stage of roughing, two stages of scavenging, two stages of cleaning, and middlings being returned to the closed-loop process in sequence.

[0041] As described above, the system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by the present invention, wherein the first titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a first enrichment roughing of ilmenite on the mixture of the oversize product after hydrocyclone settling and screening, after adding ferrosilicon powder for stirring and slurry preparation, and to perform a first enrichment ilmenite scavenging of the tailings generated from the first enrichment ilmenite roughing; the second titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a second enrichment ilmenite roughing on the mixture of the undersize product after screening and classification, after hydrocyclone settling, after adding ferrosilicon powder for stirring and slurry preparation, and to perform a second enrichment ilmenite scavenging of the tailings generated from the second enrichment ilmenite roughing. It is evident that multiple roughing and scavenging processes can be performed before entering flotation, which removes excess ore. Therefore, it can greatly reduce the amount of ore entering the ilmenite flotation operation and the amount of ilmenite flotation reagents added, reducing reagent costs, simplifying the overall process, reducing equipment usage, lowering equipment costs, and improving production efficiency. The method for producing titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite at low cost provided by the present invention has the same advantages as the system described above. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device;

[0045] Figure 3 These are different angle views of the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for producing titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite at low cost according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the process used in the example provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The core of this invention is to provide a system and method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite. This system can significantly reduce the amount of ore entering the ilmenite flotation operation and the amount of ilmenite flotation reagents added, thereby reducing reagent costs. It can also simplify the overall process, reduce equipment usage, lower equipment costs, and improve production efficiency.

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] An embodiment of the system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by this invention is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first titanium concentrate sorting unit and a second titanium concentrate sorting unit. This system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate using vanadium-titanium magnetite may include:

[0051] Hydrocyclone device A1, high-frequency vibrating screen device A2, weak magnetic drum magnetic separator device A3, ball mill A4, first titanium concentrate separation device A5, and second titanium concentrate separation device A6.

[0052] The first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 and the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6 both include:

[0053] A vertical cavity 1 and an inclined cavity 13 are connected by an irregular inverted cone 9. The vertical cavity 1 is located below the inclined cavity 13 and is connected to a rising water pipe 2 on its outer periphery. The inclined cavity 13 contains inclined plates 14 of the same shape and size. The width of the inclined cavity 13 and all the inclined plates 14 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The inclined cavity 13 has a tailings discharge section C above it. The vertical cavity 1 contains a stirring component D. The main body of the vertical cavity 1 is a cylinder with a cone 3 at the bottom. A feed pipe 8 is provided on the outer periphery of the main body. A concentrate discharge pipe 4 is provided below the cone 3. The rising water pipe 2 is used to input water into the vertical cavity 1 and use the input water to push the low-density mineral particles in it to move upward along the inclined plates 14 in the vertical cavity 1 and the inclined cavity 13, so that the low-density mineral particles are pushed out from the tailings discharge section C and the high-density ilmenite falls from the concentrate discharge pipe 4, thereby achieving the enrichment of ilmenite.

[0054] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3These are different angle views of the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device. The inclined cavity 13 in the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 and the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6 has a rectangular cross-section, as shown below. Figure 3 In the diagram, section AA' is the lower section of the inclined cavity, while section BB' is the upper section of the inclined cavity. Figure 3 The third figure (301) shows the shape of the inclined cavity, i.e. the inclined plate. The fourth figure (302) shows the view of the inclined cavity along the inclination direction of the inclined plate. It can be clearly seen that the inclined plates are arranged from bottom to top inside the inclined cavity. There is a certain height gap between adjacent inclined plates to allow mineral particles of corresponding size to pass through.

[0055] The height of the vertical cavity 1 in the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 is not greater than the height of the vertical cavity 1 in the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6, and the spacing of the inclined plates 14 in the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 is greater than the spacing of the inclined plates 14 in the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6. In this way, the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 can process larger mineral particles compared to the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6.

[0056] The inclined cavity 13 in the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 and the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6 has a rectangular cross-section, which makes it longer laterally, allowing more mineral particles to enter for sorting.

[0057] The first titanium concentrate separation unit A5 is used for the first enrichment roughing of ilmenite in the mixture of the oversize product after hydrocyclone settling and screening, after adding ferrosilicon powder and stirring to adjust the slurry, and for the first enrichment ilmenite scavenging of the tailings generated from the first enrichment roughing. It should be noted that the added ferrosilicon can simultaneously play a triple role in the slurry as a "weighting agent + micro-grinding medium + surfactant," thus addressing density, particle size, and surface properties issues in one go, with the following specific advantages:

[0058] 1. Increase the effective density of the slurry: The density of ferrosilicon is 6.7 to 7.1 g / cm³. 3 It is much higher than that of ordinary slurry (1.0g / cm³). 3 ) and gangue (2.6–3.0 g / cm³) 3 After addition, the overall density of the slurry can increase to 1.4 to 1.6 g / cm³. 3 This significantly widens the separation density window for subsequent operations such as hydrocyclones, spiral sluices, or coarse flotation, amplifying the density difference between ilmenite and titanomagnetite and gangue, allowing more qualified tailings to be discharged in a single separation and reducing the amount of middlings to be recycled.

[0059] 2. Forming a "micro-grinding medium" self-grinding effect to eliminate coarse-particle surface contamination: Ferrosilicon is slightly harder than ilmenite (HV550 vs 480), but much harder than mill steel balls (HV700). Under the action of the turbine or propeller in the mixing tank, 200-400μm ferrosilicon particles undergo "soft collisions" with -0.5mm ilmenite particles, which can efficiently peel off the sludge and iron contamination layer carried by the high-frequency screen cloth or hydrocyclone sediment, while the particles themselves hardly break; it plays a scrubbing role without introducing excessive secondary fine mud.

[0060] 3. Inhibits iron contamination and reduces subsequent acid consumption: Ferrosilicon preferentially oxidizes on its surface to form SiO2·nH2O colloid under slurry pH conditions of 6–8. This colloid inhibits iron contamination and reduces subsequent acid consumption. 2+ / Fe 3+ It has an adsorption-complexation effect, which can "fix" the iron ions dissolved in the grinding-classification loop and reduce their redeposition on the surface of titanium concentrate particles. After adding ferrosilicon, the TFe impurities in titanium concentrate can be reduced by 0.3 to 0.5 percentage points, and the sulfuric acid consumption (subsequent process of titanium slag) can be reduced by 3 to 5 kg / t.

[0061] 4. Improved hydrocyclone classification efficiency: Due to the increased slurry density and reduced friction coefficient between particles, the "dead zone" within the hydrocyclone is reduced, significantly alleviating the problem of fine particles being trapped in the underflow. Field data shows that the loss rate of -0.074mm particles in the underflow can be reduced from 14% to about 8%, which is equivalent to recovering this portion of fine ilmenite in advance and preventing it from returning to the ball mill and causing over-grinding.

[0062] 5. It plays an "auxiliary activation" role in flotation: The small amount of Si-OH groups generated by the oxidation of ferrosilicon surface can react with R-SO3 in the subsequent flotation system. - R-COO - The collector forms hydrogen bonds, which indirectly increases the hydrophobicity of the ilmenite surface; under the same reagent regime, the flotation recovery rate of coarse ilmenite can be increased by 2 to 4 percentage points.

[0063] 6. Easy to recycle and can be closed-loop recycled: Ferrosilicon itself is strongly magnetic (specific magnetic susceptibility 2200×10⁻⁶). -6 cm 3 / g), can be 100% recovered from tailings or middlings using weak magnetic separation (0.08~0.12T), and returned to the mixing tank after desliming and drying, with a recycling rate of >98% and an increase in cost per ton of ore of less than 0.8 yuan.

[0064] 7. No harmful ions are introduced, and it is environmentally friendly: Compared with the use of galena, magnetite and other weighting agents, ferrosilicon is non-toxic and does not leach heavy metals. The SS and heavy metal indicators in the tailwater meet the direct discharge limits of GB25467-2010, eliminating the need for subsequent neutralization and precipitation processes.

[0065] It is evident that adding ferrosilicon into the mixing tank is equivalent to combining the four processes of "slurry preparation, scrubbing, density separation, and surface purification" into one step. This can significantly improve the single-pass separation efficiency of coarse-grained ilmenite, reduce the grinding cycle load and reagent consumption, and is a low-investment, easy-to-operate technical measure for vanadium-titanium magnetite beneficiation plants to simplify processes, reduce costs, and increase efficiency.

[0066] The second titanium concentrate separation unit A6 is used to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite roughing on the mixture formed by adding ferrosilicon powder to the hydrocyclone classifying product after screening and grading, and to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the tailings generated from the second enrichment of ilmenite roughing.

[0067] It should be noted that the added ferrosilicon creates a "fine-particle heavy medium environment," enabling the early recovery of 0.01–0.04 mm ilmenite. The ferrosilicon increases the effective density of the slurry to 1.3–1.45 g / cm³. 3 This is enough to make 4.5g / cm 3 Ilmenite with 2.7 g / cm³ 3 The gangue, at a size of 0.01 mm, produces 0.3–0.5 g / cm³. 3 The effective density difference; combined with roughing shaking tables, spiral sluices, or centrifugal concentrators, can reduce the "-0.038mm loss rate of 20%" in conventional processes to below 8%, decrease the TiO2 grade of scavenged tailings by 0.6 to 0.8 percentage points, and reduce iron contamination in the flotation circuit, with preferential oxidation and adsorption of Fe by ferrosilicon. 2+ / Fe 3+This reduces the soluble iron content in the flotation feed by 40%; the final titanium concentrate has TFe impurities ≤0.25% (0.35% without ferrosilicon), resulting in reduced acid-dissolving residue in subsequent chloride process titanium dioxide production and saving approximately 4 yuan / t in waste acid treatment costs. It also provides a density buffer between magnetic separation, gravity separation, and flotation, reducing process fluctuations. When the raw ore grade fluctuates by ±1% TiO2, the flotation recovery rate without ferrosilicon fluctuates by ±6%; with ferrosilicon, the fluctuation is reduced to ±2%, improving the stability of the entire loop and facilitating online automated control. Closed-loop ferrosilicon recovery is simpler; fine-grained ferrosilicon can be 100% recovered after a single weak magnetic separation (0.06T), and returned to the mixing tank after desliming. Due to the fine particle size, the entrainment rate in the magnetic separation tailings is <0.05kg / t, preventing secondary load on the tailings dam. Without increasing environmental pressure, ferrosilicon is non-toxic and does not leach heavy metals. After conventional flocculation and sedimentation, the SS in the tailwater is ≤30mg / L, meeting the strictest emission limits for the vanadium-titanium industry. Compared with using Pb-Zn sulfide ores and other "fine-particle weighting agents," it eliminates the heavy metal capture process, saving 0.6 yuan / ton of environmental protection operating costs. It is evident that adding ferrosilicon in the fine-particle (under-screen - cyclone overflow) slurry conditioning stage is equivalent to adding a triple effect of "fine-particle gravity separation + surface purification + ion suppression" to "roughing + scavenging," which can transform the "unrecoverable loss" of -0.038mm ilmenite in the traditional process into "recoverable grade." It benefits simultaneously in four dimensions: recovery rate, concentrate quality, reagent cost, and tailings load. It is another low-investment and rapidly adaptable technology for tapping the potential and increasing efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite beneficiation plants.

[0068] As described above, in the system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by the present invention, the first titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a first-stage enrichment ilmenite roughing on the mixture of the oversize product after hydrocyclone settling and screening, after adding ferrosilicon powder for stirring and slurry preparation, and to perform a first-stage enrichment ilmenite scavenging on the tailings generated from the first-stage enrichment ilmenite roughing on the mixture of the undersize product after screening and classification, after hydrocyclone settling, after adding ferrosilicon powder for stirring and slurry preparation, and to perform a second-stage enrichment ilmenite roughing on the tailings generated from the second-stage enrichment ilmenite roughing on the mixture. It is evident that multiple roughing and scavenging processes can be performed before entering flotation, which removes excess ore. Therefore, it can greatly reduce the amount of ore entering the ilmenite flotation operation and the amount of ilmenite flotation reagents added, reducing reagent costs, simplifying the overall process, reducing equipment usage, lowering equipment costs, and improving production efficiency.

[0069] In a specific embodiment of the system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite described above, the height of the vertical cavity 1 in the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 can be 50cm to 70cm, and the height of the vertical cavity 1 in the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6 can be 70cm to 90cm. This allows for better separation of mineral particles with higher accuracy. Of course, other values ​​can be selected according to actual needs, and there are no limitations here.

[0070] In another specific embodiment of the system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite described above, the spacing of the inclined plates 14 in the first titanium concentrate sorting device A5 can be 5mm to 7mm, and the spacing of the inclined plates 14 in the second titanium concentrate sorting device A6 can be 0.8mm to 1.2mm. This allows for better separation of mineral particles with higher accuracy. Of course, other values ​​can be selected according to actual needs, and there are no limitations here.

[0071] Furthermore, the body of the aforementioned vertical cavity 1 can be a cylinder with a diameter of 30cm to 50cm, preferably 40cm. Of course, these can be chosen according to actual needs and are not limited here. The height of the irregular inverted cone 9 can be 15cm to 25cm, preferably 20cm, and the angle between its farthest point from the center and the horizontal direction is 30° to 60°, preferably 45°. The angle between its closest point from the center and the horizontal direction is 75° to 85°, preferably 80°. It can be detachably connected to the lower vertical cavity 1 and the upper inclined cavity. The rising water pipes 2 are located at the connection between the body and the cone 3, and the number can be 6 to 8, preferably 8. They have a diameter of 1cm to 2cm, preferably 1.5cm, and are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the cone, thus ensuring more uniform flow in different directions. Of course, the flow rate in each water pipe can be individually controlled. The angle between the cone surface of cone 3 and the horizontal plane can be 50° to 70°, preferably 60°. The diameter of concentrate discharge pipe 4 can be 1cm to 2cm, preferably 1.5cm. Concentrate discharge pipe 4 can also be equipped with concentrate discharge valve 5. It also includes a discharge water supply pipe 6 located at the connection between concentrate discharge pipe 4 and cone, with a diameter preferably 1cm, which can control the water flow rate and replenish water according to actual needs to prevent blockage during discharge. The tailings discharge section C can include a tailings collection tank 12 and a tailings discharge pipe 11 with a diameter of 2cm to 4cm, preferably 3cm. This tailings collection tank 12 can temporarily store tailings to prevent congestion and blockage of the tailings discharge pipe. The stirring component D can include a stirring impeller 7 and a stirring shaft 6 and a transmission component 15 connected to it, so as to stir the mineral particles in the vertical cavity to make them evenly dispersed and easy to move. The feed pipe 8 is positioned at the middle height of the main body and has a diameter of 1cm to 2cm, preferably 1.5cm. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 2 It may also include a frame 10 for supporting the vertical cavity 1 and the inclined cavity 13, thus improving the overall stability of the equipment and preventing it from tilting or falling over.

[0072] An embodiment of the method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by this invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite provided by the present invention. Using the system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite as described in any of the above claims, the method may include the following steps:

[0073] S1: Use a high-frequency vibrating screen to filter vanadium-titanium magnetite slag, use a weak magnetic drum magnetic separator to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the undersize product of the slag, perform strong magnetic pre-selection on the tailings of the weak magnetic iron removal, use a hydrocyclone device and a high-frequency vibrating screen device to perform the first classification of the magnetic concentrate of the strong magnetic pre-selection, and use a ball mill to grind the classified coarse product and the slag screen oversize product and then return it for weak magnetic iron removal.

[0074] Specifically, step S1 may include the following sub-steps:

[0075] S11: Use a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen hole diameter of 1mm to 1.5mm to separate the slag. The product under the screen enters step S12, and the product over the screen enters step S15. It can be seen that this can separate large slag-like particles from small slag-like particles for separate processing.

[0076] S12: Use a weak magnetic drum magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 3000 Oe to 4000 Oe to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the screened product of the slag separator, remove strong magnetic minerals, and the tailings enter step S13.

[0077] S13: For the tailings generated in step S12, a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator is used for strong magnetic roughing and pre-enrichment of ilmenite. The magnetic field strength is 0.8T to 1.0T. The magnetic tailings flow by gravity into step S14, and the magnetic concentrate flows into step S15.

[0078] S14: For the magnetic separation tailings generated in step S13, a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator is used to perform strong magnetic scavenging pre-enrichment of ilmenite. The magnetic field strength is 0.9T to 1.2T. The magnetic separation tailings are used as the first tailings and the first tailings are used as the final tailings. The obtained magnetic separation concentrate is pumped into step S15.

[0079] S15: The magnetic concentrate produced in steps S13 and S14 is classified using a hydrocyclone to separate it into hydrocyclone underflow and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone underflow flows by gravity into step S18, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows by gravity into step S16.

[0080] S16: The hydrocyclone overflow generated in step S15 is classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.5mm. The product on the screen enters step S18, and the product under the screen is pumped into step S17.

[0081] S17: The undersize product generated in step S16 is classified using a hydrocyclone to separate it into hydrocyclone undersand and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone undersand flows by gravity into step S3, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows into step S2.

[0082] S18: Grind the oversize product generated in steps S11 and S16 and the hydrocyclone undersand generated in step S15, and pump the ground ore discharge to step S12.

[0083] S2: Use a high-frequency vibrating screen device to perform a second grading of the fine particle product;

[0084] Specifically, step S2 may include:

[0085] The hydrocyclone overflow generated in step S17 is classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.074 mm. The product on the screen enters step S3, and the product under the screen flows by gravity into step S4.

[0086] S3: Add ferrosilicon powder to the oversize product after the second classification and stir to adjust the slurry. Then, use the first titanium concentrate separation device to perform the first enrichment of ilmenite roughing. Adjust parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed, and discharge speed to produce the first titanium concentrate and the second tailings. Since there are still some ilmenite individual minerals that are not cleanly separated or are mixed in the roughing tailings, it is necessary to perform the first enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the second tailings. Adjust parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed, and discharge speed to produce the second titanium concentrate and the third tailings.

[0087] It should be noted that the ferrosilicon powder used here preferably has a diameter of no more than 0.1 mm, a silicon content of 13% to 18%, and a density of 6.8 g / cm³. 3 The amount of ferrosilicon added here is 8.0-12.0 kg / t (for iron tailings). After adding water to adjust the slurry concentration to 25%-45%, it is pumped into the next step for the first enrichment and roughing of ilmenite. This allows the ilmenite to form a heavy suspension with a higher specific gravity, achieving the separation of high-density ilmenite from low-density gangue. The addition of ferrosilicon will significantly increase the density of the heavy suspension, which can enhance the separation effect between ilmenite and gangue.

[0088] S4: The undersize product after the second classification is classified by hydrocyclone. Ferrosilicon powder is added to the hydrocyclone sediment and stirred to adjust the slurry. The second titanium concentrate separation device is used for the second enrichment of ilmenite roughing. Parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed, and discharge speed are adjusted to produce the third titanium concentrate and the fourth tailings. The fourth tailings are then subjected to the second enrichment of ilmenite scavenging. Parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed, and discharge speed are adjusted to produce the fourth titanium concentrate and the fifth tailings.

[0089] It should be noted that during the hydrocyclone classification process, the classification particle size is controlled to be 0.010 mm. The preferred diameter of the ferrosilicon powder used is no greater than 0.038 mm, and the silicon content is 13% to 18%. The density is 6.8 g / cm³. 3 The amount of ferrosilicon added here is 4.0-8.0 kg / t (for iron tailings). After adding water to adjust the slurry concentration to 25% to 45%, it is pumped into the second enrichment process of ilmenite roughing.

[0090] S5: Use a weak magnetic drum magnetic separator to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the second and fourth titanium concentrates to obtain weak magnetic iron removal tailings and the first ferrosilicon concentrate, and demagnetize the first ferrosilicon concentrate to obtain recyclable ferrosilicon powder.

[0091] Specifically, a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.35T can be used for weak magnetic removal of iron to remove ferrosilicon.

[0092] S6: Use a weak magnetic drum magnetic separator to remove iron from the third titanium concentrate and the first titanium concentrate to obtain the second ferrosilicon concentrate and the sixth titanium concentrate. Demagnetize the second ferrosilicon concentrate to obtain recyclable ferrosilicon powder. Return the obtained ferrosilicon powder to steps S3 and S4 for stirring and slurry preparation.

[0093] Specifically, a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.35T can be used for weak magnetic removal of iron to remove ferrosilicon.

[0094] S7: The weak magnetic iron removal tailings obtained in step S5 and the hydrocyclone overflow obtained in step S4 are concentrated. The overflow is returned as circulating water. The underflow is classified by hydrocyclone. The hydrocyclone overflow obtained at this time is screened and classified. The undersize product is subjected to flotation desulfurization and flotation titanium removal. The fifth titanium concentrate is used as the final concentrate. The hydrocyclone undersand obtained from hydrocyclone classification and the oversize product generated from screening and classification are returned to step S1 for grinding.

[0095] Specifically, the concentration process in step S7 can use a center-driven rake thickener, and the underflow concentration of the center-driven rake thickener can be controlled to be 30% to 50%. The screening and grading in step S7 can use a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.10 mm.

[0096] The flotation desulfurization process in step S7 may include: adding sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and No. 2 oil reagent to carry out flotation desulfurization using a flotation machine, including a roughing process and a two-stage scavenging open-circuit process, and the roughing and scavenging sulfur concentrates are combined into the tailings and discarded.

[0097] The titanium flotation process in step S7 may include: adding sulfuric acid, diesel oil, titanium flotation collector, and high-quality titanium reagent, and using a flotation machine to perform titanium flotation, including a closed-loop process of one roughing stage, two scavenging stages, three cleaning stages, and sequential return of middlings.

[0098] S8: The sixth titanium concentrate is subjected to flotation desulfurization, and the resulting seventh titanium concentrate is used as the final concentrate. Sulfur concentrate is also obtained.

[0099] Specifically, the flotation desulfurization process in step S8 may include: adding sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and No. 2 oil reagent, and using a flotation machine for flotation desulfurization, including one roughing stage, two scavenging stages, two cleaning stages, and middlings being returned to the closed-loop process in sequence.

[0100] It is evident that the gravity separation method employed in the above steps can yield titanium concentrate and flotation titanium concentrate, significantly reducing the amount of material entering the grinding and flotation operations, thus laying the foundation for low-cost utilization of ilmenite in vanadium-titanium magnetite.

[0101] The following is a specific example to illustrate the above-mentioned system and method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite:

[0102] The main physicochemical properties of the selected ore are as follows:

[0103] The sample contains 14.25% TFe, 9.22% TiO2, 0.02% V2O5, 43.32% SiO2, 10.22% CaO, 7.35% MgO, 4.28% Al2O3, 0.13% MnO, and 0.25% S. The sample contains 63.11% particles at -0.074 mm. Other minerals include 37.27% pyroxene, 25.08% ilmenite, 9.60% labradorite, 9.38% amphibole, 4.58% olivine, 3.95% anorthite, 2.94% titanomagnetite, 1.74% albite, 1.24% sphene, and 0.96% pyrrhotite, with other minerals present in smaller quantities. The degree of liberation of ilmenite is 88.09%.

[0104] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The process diagram used in the example provided by this invention is as follows:

[0105] (1) Slag separation: Add the dry vanadium-titanium magnetite to the hopper of a 10cm×10cm pendulum feeder, adjust the valve of the pendulum feeder to the feed rate of 100kg / h, and add water to adjust the concentration to 40%. Use a vertical sand pump to feed it into a KM-800-4S high-frequency vibrating screen for slag separation. The screen hole diameter is 1.2mm, and the product on the screen flows into the operation (7).

[0106] (2) Weak magnetic separation to remove iron: The undersize product is fed into an XCRS-ф400×300 drum magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 3500 Oe. The magnetic concentrate is used as secondary iron concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are fed into the operation by a vertical sand pump (3).

[0107] (3) Strong magnetic roughing pre-enrichment of ilmenite: Adjust the magnetic field strength of the SLon500-1.5T vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator to 0.9T, stroke to 35mm, stroke to 350 times / min, and ring rotation to 2.5rad / min for strong magnetic separation. The tailings obtained from strong magnetic separation enter operation (4), and the concentrate from strong magnetic separation enters operation (5).

[0108] (4) Strong magnetic scavenging pre-enrichment of ilmenite: The tailings of the strong magnetic roughing are recovered by using a SLon500-1.5T vertical ring pulsed high gradient magnetic separator. The magnetic field strength is adjusted to 1.1T, the stroke is 25mm, the stroke is 300 times / min, and the ring rotation is 3.0rad / min. The strong magnetic separation tailings are used as tailings 1. Tailings 1 are used as the final tailings. The strong magnetic separation concentrate enters (5) operation.

[0109] (5) Hydrocyclone grading: (3) and (4) strong magnetic concentrate are fed into φ25mm hydrocyclone by pump, the sediment flows into operation (7) by gravity, and the overflow flows into operation (6) by gravity.

[0110] (6) High-frequency vibrating screen grading: (5) The overflow of the hydrocyclone is screened using a KM-800-4S high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen hole diameter of 0.5mm. The product on the screen flows into the operation (7) by gravity, and the product under the screen is pumped to the operation (8).

[0111] (7) Grinding: The products on the screens of (1) and (6) and the cyclone sediment of (5) flow into the XMB-ф420×600 type continuous ball mill by gravity, and the mill discharge pump sends it to (2) operation;

[0112] (8) Hydrocyclone grading: φ25 hydrocyclone is used for grading the undersize product in (6) medium screen. The sediment from the hydrocyclone flows into (10) operation by gravity, and the overflow from the hydrocyclone flows into (9) operation by gravity.

[0113] (9) High-frequency vibrating screen grading: (8) The overflow of the hydrocyclone is screened using a KM-800-4S ultrasonic high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen hole diameter of 0.074mm. The product on the screen flows into the operation (10) by gravity, and the product under the screen flows into the operation (15) by gravity.

[0114] (10) Slurry preparation: Using an XDT-15L mixing tank, water was added to adjust the concentration to 30% for the hydrocyclone sediment in (8) and the product on the high-frequency screen in (9). At the same time, Si content of 13%-18% and density of 6.8 g / cm³ were added to the mixing tank. 3 Ferrosilicon powder with a particle size of less than 0.1 mm, the amount of ferrosilicon powder added is 10.5 kg / t (for iron tailings), and the ore is fed into the mixing tank by a pump (11).

[0115] (11) First enrichment of ilmenite roughing: The discharge of the first titanium concentrate separation device (10) is separated by the above-mentioned first titanium concentrate separation device. The spacing between the inclined plates is 6mm. Adjust the parameters such as feeding speed, rising water volume, stirring speed, and discharge speed to obtain titanium concentrate 1 and tailings 2. Titanium concentrate 1 is fed into operation (23), and tailings 2 is fed into operation (12) by pump.

[0116] (12) First enrichment of ilmenite: The tailings 2 of (11) are separated by the first titanium concentrate separation device. The spacing between the inclined plates is 6mm. The parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed and discharge rate are adjusted to obtain titanium concentrate 2 and tailings 3. Titanium concentrate 2 is fed into operation (17), and tailings 3 is used as the final tailings.

[0117] (13) Hydrocyclone classification: The high-frequency screened product from (9) is divided into hydrocyclone underflow and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone feed pressure is adjusted to 0.2MPa and the underflow nozzle is 8mm. The classification particle size is controlled to 0.010mm. The hydrocyclone underflow flows into (14) operation by gravity, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows into (18) operation.

[0118] (14) Adjusting the slurry concentration: The sediment from the hydrocyclone of (13) is fed into the mixing tank and water is added to adjust the slurry concentration to 25%-45%. Then, it is pumped into (15) for operation, and Si content of 13%-18% and density of 6.8 g / cm³ are added to the mixing tank. 3 Ferrosilicon with a particle size of less than 0.038 mm is added at a rate of 5.5 kg / t (for iron ore tailings).

[0119] (15) Second enrichment of ilmenite roughing: The discharge of (14) is separated by the second titanium concentrate separation device. The spacing between the inclined plates is 1 mm. The parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed and discharge rate are adjusted to obtain titanium concentrate 3 and tailings 4. Titanium concentrate 3 is fed into operation (23), and tailings 4 is fed into operation (16) by pump.

[0120] (16) Second enrichment of ilmenite: The tailings 4 of the (15) operation are separated by the second titanium concentrate separation device. The spacing between the inclined plates is 1 mm. The parameters such as feed rate, rising water volume, stirring speed and discharge rate are adjusted to obtain titanium concentrate 4 and tailings 5. Titanium concentrate 4 is fed into operation (17), and tailings 5 ​​is used as the final tailings.

[0121] (17) Weak magnetic iron removal: (12) titanium concentrate 2 and (16) concentrate 4 enter a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.35T to remove ferrosilicon, and obtain ferrosilicon concentrate 1. The tailings enter (18) operation, and ferrosilicon concentrate 1 enters (25) operation.

[0122] (18) Thickening operation: (13) The overflow of the hydrocyclone and (17) the tailings are thickened by a center-driven rake thickener. The concentration of the thickener underflow is controlled at 30%-50%. The thickener underflow is pumped into (19) the operation, and the overflow is returned as circulating water.

[0123] (19) Hydrocyclone classification: The underflow of the thickener in (18) operation is divided into hydrocyclone sediment and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone sediment flows into (7) operation by gravity, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows into (20) operation.

[0124] (20) High-frequency vibrating screen grading: (19) The overflow of the hydrocyclone in operation is graded by a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen hole size of 0.10mm. The product on the screen enters (7) operation, and the product under the screen is fed into (21) operation.

[0125] (21) Flotation desulfurization: Add sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, No. 2 oil and other reagents to the flotation machine to desulfurize the undersize product of (20) operation. The flotation desulfurization process is a one-stage roughing and two-stage scavenging open-circuit process. The roughing and scavenging sulfur concentrates are combined into the tailings and discarded. The scavenging tailings are entered into (22) operation.

[0126] (22) Titanium flotation: Add sulfuric acid, diesel oil, MOH (titanium flotation collector), and high-quality titanium and other reagents to the flotation machine to perform titanium flotation on the sulfur tailings of (21) operation. The titanium flotation process is a closed-loop process of one roughing stage, two scavenging stages, three cleaning stages, and middlings returned in sequence to obtain titanium concentrate 5 and tailings 6. Titanium concentrate 5 is used as the final concentrate and tailings 6 is used as the final tailings.

[0127] (23) Weak magnetic iron removal: After the combination of (11) medium titanium concentrate 1 and (15) medium titanium concentrate 3, a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.35T is used to remove ferrosilicon, resulting in ferrosilicon concentrate 2 and titanium concentrate 6. Titanium concentrate 6 enters (24) operation, and ferrosilicon concentrate 2 enters (25) operation.

[0128] (24) Flotation desulfurization: Add sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, No. 2 oil and other reagents to the flotation machine to desulfurize the titanium concentrate 6 in operation (23). The flotation desulfurization process is a one-stage roughing, two-stage scavenging, two-stage cleaning, and middlings returned to the closed-loop process in sequence to obtain sulfur concentrate and titanium concentrate 7. Titanium concentrate 7 is the final concentrate.

[0129] (25) Demagnetization: After merging ferrosilicon concentrate 1 and ferrosilicon concentrate 2, a demagnetizer is used to demagnetize them. The demagnetized products are returned to (10) and (14) operations for recycling.

[0130] It should also be noted that when producing titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, the oversize product from the high-frequency vibrating screen and the undersize sand from the hydrocyclone are added to the mixing tank to adjust the slurry concentration. Adding ferrosilicon has the following advantages over adding metallic iron powder: (1) The specific magnetic susceptibility of ferrosilicon is 2200×10 -6 cm 3 g -1 , with ilmenite (1500×10 -6 The difference is significant; 100% recovery can be achieved using a weak magnetic separation with a strength of 0.08 T. The magnetic susceptibility of metallic iron powder varies from 800 to 3000 × 10⁻⁶ depending on its purity. -6(1) It overlaps with ilmenite, and inevitably carries 1-2% ilmenite during magnetic separation, causing metal loss. (2) It does not introduce the risk of "carburization" and avoids "carbon pollution" of titanium dioxide in the subsequent chlorination process. Metallic iron powder often contains 0.2-0.8% C, which is adsorbed on the surface of titanium concentrate in the form of fine carbon particles under high shear in the stirring tank. After calcination, TiC / TiN inclusions are generated, which increases the chlorine consumption of tail gas in the chlorination process. Ferrosilicon contains C < 0.05%, and the SiO2 layer on the surface blocks carbon transfer, reducing the proportion of downstream chlorination slag by 3 kg / t. (3) It has high chemical stability and does not "clump" during long-term circulation. Metallic iron powder is easy to absorb oxygen and release heat in a humid environment, and FeOOH bridging is formed between particles, which can clump in three days. The SiO2 film on the surface of ferrosilicon is dense, and the particle size composition remains unchanged after 30 days of circulation. There is no need for regular screening or ball milling regeneration, which reduces the labor intensity of on-site workers.

[0131] The results obtained from the above examples are shown in Table 1. Table 1 is the result table for the above examples.

[0132] Table 1 Results of the above examples

[0133]

[0134] Using the system and method provided in this application, the total titanium concentrate is obtained by adding up titanium concentrate 7 and titanium concentrate 5 in Table 1. The yield is 13.34%, TiO2 content (grade) is 46.66%, and TiO2 recovery rate is 67.51%. The TiO2 content is obtained by weighted averaging of the TiO2 recovery rates of titanium concentrate 7 and titanium concentrate 5 according to their weight percentages. Compared with conventional processes, the TiO2 recovery rate of the titanium concentrate obtained by the scheme of this application is increased by 10 to 12 percentage points.

[0135] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, characterized in that, include: Hydrocyclone device, high-frequency vibrating screen device, weak magnetic drum magnetic separator device, ball mill, first titanium concentrate separation device and second titanium concentrate separation device; Both the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device include: A vertical cavity and an inclined cavity are connected by an irregular inverted cone. The vertical cavity is located below the inclined cavity and is connected to a rising water pipe on its outer periphery. The inclined cavity contains inclined plates of the same shape and size. The width of the inclined cavity and all the inclined plates gradually decreases from bottom to top. The inclined cavity has a tailings discharge section at the top. The vertical cavity contains a stirring component. The main body of the vertical cavity is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. A feed pipe is provided on the outer periphery of the main body. A concentrate discharge pipe is provided below the cone. The rising water pipe is used to input water into the vertical cavity and use the input water to push the low-density mineral particles in it to move upward along the inclined plates in the vertical cavity and the inclined cavity, so that the low-density mineral particles are pushed out from the tailings discharge section and the high-density titanomagnetite falls from the concentrate discharge pipe, thereby achieving the enrichment of titanomagnetite. The height of the vertical cavity in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is not greater than the height of the vertical cavity in the second titanium concentrate sorting device, and the spacing between the inclined plates in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is greater than the spacing between the inclined plates in the second titanium concentrate sorting device. The inclined cavity in the first titanium concentrate sorting device and the second titanium concentrate sorting device has a rectangular cross-section; The first titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a first enrichment of ilmenite roughing on the mixture after adding ferrosilicon powder to the oversize product after hydrocyclone settling and screening and to perform a first enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the tailings generated by the first enrichment of ilmenite roughing. The second titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite roughing on the mixture formed by adding ferrosilicon powder to the hydrocyclone classifying product after screening and grading, and to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the tailings generated from the second enrichment of ilmenite roughing.

2. The system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the vertical cavity in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is 50cm to 70cm, and the height of the vertical cavity in the second titanium concentrate sorting device is 70cm to 90cm.

3. The system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the inclined plates in the first titanium concentrate sorting device is 5 mm to 7 mm, and the spacing between the inclined plates in the second titanium concentrate sorting device is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.

4. A method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite, characterized in that, The system for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite as described in any one of claims 1-3 comprises: S1: The high-frequency vibrating screen device is used to filter vanadium-titanium magnetite slag, the weak magnetic drum magnetic separator device is used to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the undersize product of the slag, the tailings of the weak magnetic iron removal are subjected to strong magnetic pre-selection, the hydrocyclone device and the high-frequency vibrating screen device are used to perform the first classification of the magnetic concentrate of the strong magnetic pre-selection, and the ball mill is used to grind the classified coarse product and the slag screen oversize product and then return them for weak magnetic iron removal. S2: The high-frequency vibrating screen device is used to perform a second grading of the fine particle product; S3: Add ferrosilicon powder to the sieve product after the second classification and stir to adjust the slurry. Then, use the first titanium concentrate sorting device to perform the first enrichment of ilmenite roughing to produce the first titanium concentrate and the second tailings. Perform the first enrichment of ilmenite scavenging on the second tailings to produce the second titanium concentrate and the third tailings. S4: The screened product after the second classification is classified by hydrocyclone. Ferrosilicon powder is added to the hydrocyclone sediment and stirred to adjust the slurry. The second titanium concentrate separation device is used to perform a second enrichment of ilmenite roughing to produce a third titanium concentrate and a fourth tailings. The fourth tailings are then subjected to a second enrichment of ilmenite scavenging to produce a fourth titanium concentrate and a fifth tailings. S5: The weak magnetic drum magnetic separator is used to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the second titanium concentrate and the fourth titanium concentrate to obtain weak magnetic iron removal tailings and the first ferrosilicon concentrate, and the first ferrosilicon concentrate is demagnetized to obtain recyclable ferrosilicon powder. S6: The weak magnetic drum magnetic separator is used to weakly remove iron from the third titanium concentrate and the first titanium concentrate to obtain the second ferrosilicon concentrate and the sixth titanium concentrate. The second ferrosilicon concentrate is demagnetized to obtain recyclable ferrosilicon powder. S7: The weak magnetic iron removal tailings obtained in step S5 and the hydrocyclone overflow obtained in step S4 are concentrated, the resulting underflow is classified by hydrocyclone, the hydrocyclone overflow obtained at this time is screened and classified, the undersize product is subjected to flotation desulfurization and flotation titanium removal, and the fifth titanium concentrate is used as the final concentrate. The hydrocyclone undersand obtained by hydrocyclone classification and the oversize product generated by screening and classification are returned to step S1 for grinding. S8: The sixth titanium concentrate is subjected to flotation desulfurization to obtain the seventh titanium concentrate as the final concentrate, and a sulfur concentrate is also obtained.

5. The method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 4, characterized in that, The silicon content of the ferrosilicon powder is 13% to 18%.

6. The method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11: Use a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen hole diameter of 1mm to 1.5mm to remove slag. The product under the screen enters step S12, and the product over the screen enters step S15. S12: Use a weak magnetic drum magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 3000 Oe to 4000 Oe to perform weak magnetic iron removal on the screened product of the slag separator, remove strong magnetic minerals, and the tailings enter step S13. S13: For the tailings generated in step S12, a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator is used for strong magnetic roughing and pre-enrichment of ilmenite. The magnetic field strength is 0.8T to 1.0T. The magnetic tailings flow by gravity into step S14, and the magnetic concentrate flows into step S15. S14: For the magnetic separation tailings generated in step S13, a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator is used to perform strong magnetic scavenging pre-enrichment of ilmenite. The magnetic field strength is 0.9T to 1.2T. The magnetic separation tailings are used as the first tailings and the first tailings are used as the final tailings. The obtained magnetic separation concentrate is pumped into step S15. S15: The magnetic concentrate produced in steps S13 and S14 is classified using a hydrocyclone to separate it into hydrocyclone underflow and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone underflow flows by gravity into step S18, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows by gravity into step S16. S16: The overflow from the hydrocyclone generated in step S15 is classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.5mm. The product on the screen enters step S18, and the product under the screen is pumped into step S17. S17: The undersize product generated in step S16 is classified using a hydrocyclone to separate it into hydrocyclone undersand and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone undersand flows by gravity into step S3, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows into step S2. S18: The oversize product generated in steps S11 and S16 and the hydrocyclone undersand generated in step S15 are ground, and the ground ore discharge is pumped to step S12.

7. The method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: The hydrocyclone overflow generated in step S17 is classified using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.074 mm. The product on the screen enters step S3, and the product under the screen flows by gravity into step S4.

8. The method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 7, characterized in that, The concentration process in step S7 uses a center-driven rake thickener, and the underflow concentration of the center-driven rake thickener is controlled to be 30% to 50%. The screening and grading in step S7 uses a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.10 mm.

9. The method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flotation desulfurization process in step S7 includes: adding sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and No. 2 oil reagent to carry out flotation desulfurization using a flotation machine, including a first-stage roughing and a two-stage scavenging open-circuit process; The titanium flotation process in step S7 includes: adding sulfuric acid, diesel oil, titanium flotation collector, and high-quality titanium reagent, and using a flotation machine to perform titanium flotation, including a closed-loop process of one roughing stage, two scavenging stages, three cleaning stages, and sequential return of middlings.

10. The method for low-cost production of titanium concentrate from vanadium-titanium magnetite according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flotation desulfurization process in step S8 includes: adding sulfuric acid, butyl xanthate, and No. 2 oil reagent, and using a flotation machine for flotation desulfurization, including one roughing stage, two scavenging stages, two cleaning stages, and middlings being returned to the closed-loop process in sequence.

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