Stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude-change pole based on Y-Z plane inclined beam

Abstract

The amplitude-change pole comprises a large beam and a small beam, the large beam is a straight beam, the center line of the large beam extends along the Z axis, and a threaded blind hole is formed in the rear end face of the large beam in the Z-axis direction and used for fixing a piezoelectric ceramic set; the small beam is a Y-Z plane inclined beam, the center line of the small beam is located on the Y-Z plane and forms a certain angle with the Z axis and the Y axis, and a rectangular section groove and a threaded through hole are formed in the front end of the small beam and used for installing and fixing a turning tool. The large beam is connected with the small beam through an interface; a flange is arranged in the middle of the girder, and through holes which are evenly distributed along the circumference are formed in the flange and used for fixing the amplitude-change pole to a rack. Two-dimensional elliptical vibration turning can be achieved only through a single excitation source, a control system is simple, phase difference regulation and control are not needed, the size is small, and cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision and ultra-precision turning of difficult-to-machine materials, and relates to a single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer, specifically a stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam. Background Technology

[0002] For difficult-to-machine materials, ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration diamond turning is a precision and ultra-precision machining technology with excellent machining results and wide applications. The key to realizing ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration diamond turning lies in the ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration turning device, and the core component of the ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration turning device is the ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer, whose function is to convert and transmit the vibration from its excitation component to the diamond turning tool.

[0003] There are two types of excitation methods for amplitude transformers: single excitation and dual excitation. The dual excitation method requires two sets of piezoelectric excitation sources and is widely used. The single excitation method only requires one set of piezoelectric excitation sources. Compared with the dual excitation method, the control system is simpler, no phase difference adjustment is required, the size is smaller, the cost is lower, and the advantages are obvious.

[0004] To generate ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration from a single excitation control system, a special structure needs to be designed for the amplitude transformer to convert one-dimensional vibration into two-dimensional elliptical vibration. Commonly used special structural forms include adding counterweights, creating inclined slots, and adding inclined beams. Regardless of the form, there is room for simplification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam, so as to realize diamond turning machining by single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam has an overall stepped structure, including a main beam and secondary beams, wherein: The main beam is a straight beam with a circular cross-section and its centerline extends along the Z-axis; The rear end face of the beam has a threaded blind hole along the Z-axis for fixing the piezoelectric ceramic assembly. The beam is an inclined beam in the YZ plane with a rectangular cross-section. Its centerline is on the YZ plane and forms a certain angle with both the Z-axis and the Y-axis. The front end of the small beam has a rectangular cross-section groove and a threaded through hole for installing and fixing turning tools. The bottom surface of the rectangular cross-section groove is parallel to the XZ plane, and the center line of the threaded through hole is parallel to the Y axis. The main beam and the secondary beam are connected by an interface; A flange is provided in the middle of the main beam. The flange is disc-shaped and has through holes evenly distributed around its circumference for fixing the luffing rod to the frame.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Two-dimensional elliptical vibration turning can be achieved with only a single excitation source. The control system is simple, requires no phase difference adjustment, and is small in size and low in cost.

[0008] (2) The mechanical structure is simple. It only replaces the form of the small beam of the stepped amplitude rod without special structure with an inclined beam whose center line is along the Z axis, and the center line is at a certain angle to both the Z axis and the Y axis. No additional structure is required, and it is easy to process and manufacture. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the amplitude transformer of the present invention; Figure 2 This is another isometric view of the amplitude transformer of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the amplitude transformer of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a half-sectional side view of the amplitude transformer of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the amplitude transformer of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is not limited thereto. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0011] This invention provides a stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, the overall structure of the amplitude transformer is a stepped structure, including a main beam 6 and a secondary beam 2, wherein: The main beam 6 is a straight beam with a circular cross-section and a large size, with its centerline extending along the Z-axis. The rear end face 7 of the main beam 6 is used to connect with the piezoelectric ceramic assembly, and a threaded blind hole 9 is opened on this face along the Z-axis direction for fixing the piezoelectric ceramic assembly. The small beam 2 is an inclined beam in the YZ plane with a rectangular cross-section and a small size. Its centerline is on the YZ plane and forms a certain angle with both the Z-axis and the Y-axis. The size of the angle is determined according to the design requirements: different angles correspond to different two-dimensional elliptical vibration trajectory shapes at the tip of the tool. The size of the angle can be selected according to the requirements for generating the trajectory shape. The front end of the small beam 2 has a rectangular section groove 1 and a threaded through hole 8 for installing and fixing turning tools. The bottom surface of the rectangular section groove 1 is parallel to the XZ plane, and the center line of the threaded through hole 8 is parallel to the Y axis. The main beam 6 and the secondary beam 2 are connected by the interface 3; A flange 4 is provided in the middle of the main beam 2. The flange 4 is disc-shaped and has 6 through holes 5 evenly distributed around its circumference, which are used to fix the amplitude transformer to the frame.

[0012] When the piezoelectric ceramic assembly generates a one-dimensional longitudinal vibration excitation along the Z-axis, the main beam of the amplitude transformer vibrates and transmits the longitudinal vibration along the Z-axis forward to the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam. Since the centerline of the secondary beam and the centerline of the main beam form a certain angle in the YZ plane, the longitudinal vibration along the Z-axis transmitted to the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam decomposes into a longitudinal vibration component along the centerline of the secondary beam and a bending vibration component perpendicular to the centerline of the secondary beam. The decomposed longitudinal and bending vibration components continue to propagate forward along the secondary beam at different wave velocities to the diamond tool installed and fixed at the front end. Because the wave velocity of the longitudinal vibration is inconsistent with the wave velocity of the bending vibration, a phase difference is generated between the longitudinal and bending vibration components as they propagate forward along the secondary beam. When the phase difference between the two components at the tool tip is not an integer multiple of 180°, the steady-state composite vibration trajectory of the tool tip is an ellipse in the YZ plane; that is, elliptical vibration is generated at the tool tip in the YZ plane. Furthermore, since the center line of the beam's projection on the XZ plane is parallel to the Z-axis, the vibration does not generate a component along the X-axis during transmission. The elliptical vibration generated at the tip of the tool is confined to the YZ plane and is a two-dimensional elliptical vibration.

Claims

1. A stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam, characterized in that... The overall structure of the amplitude transformer is a stepped structure, including a main beam and a secondary beam, wherein: The main beam is a straight beam with its centerline extending along the Z-axis; The rear end face of the beam has a threaded blind hole along the Z-axis for fixing the piezoelectric ceramic assembly. The beam is an inclined beam in the YZ plane, with its centerline on the YZ plane and at a certain angle to both the Z-axis and the Y-axis. The front end of the small beam has a rectangular cross-section groove and a threaded through hole for installing and fixing turning tools; The main beam and the secondary beam are connected by an interface; A flange is provided in the middle of the main beam, with through holes evenly distributed around the circumference for fixing the luffing rod to the frame.

2. The stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cross-section of the beam is circular.

3. The stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cross-section of the beam is rectangular.

4. The stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam according to claim 1, characterized in that... The bottom surface of the rectangular cross-section groove is parallel to the XZ plane, and the center line of the threaded through hole is parallel to the Y axis.

5. The stepped single-excitation ultrasonic two-dimensional elliptical vibration amplitude transformer based on a YZ plane inclined beam according to claim 1, characterized in that... The flange is disc-shaped.

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