Bushing assembling device and method for special-shaped shell part of new energy battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to new energy battery part assembling equipment, in particular to a bushing assembling device and method for special-shaped shell parts of a new energy battery pack. Two groups of pressing translation assemblies; the pressing translation assembly is arranged on the assembly fixing plate; a reducing assembly; the hole shrinkage assembly is arranged in the assembling frame and is used for performing hole shrinkage treatment on the lining; a driving assembly is assembled; the assembly driving assembly is arranged on the assembly fixing plate; the assembly driving assembly is provided with an ejection core rod capable of moving up and down, and the ejection core rod is matched with the hole shrinkage assembly in position and used for ejecting out the bush subjected to hole shrinkage; the device has the beneficial effects that the two sets of pressing translation assemblies are arranged and alternately move to the ejection position of the ejection core rod of the assembly driving assembly, a double-station alternate operation mode is achieved, the other set of pressing translation assemblies can synchronously conduct pretreatment operation such as feeding while one set of pressing translation assemblies conduct assembly operation, and the assembly efficiency is improved. And the assembly period of a single workpiece is effectively shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to new energy battery component assembly equipment, specifically a bushing assembly device and method for irregularly shaped shell components of a new energy battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the performance and safety of battery packs, as core components, are of paramount importance. Irregularly shaped battery pack shell components are gradually becoming the mainstream design choice in the industry because they can better adapt to complex vehicle interior space layouts and improve the space utilization and energy density of battery packs.

[0003] From the perspective of connection stability, irregularly shaped housing components, due to their irregular shape, make it difficult to ensure uniform stress distribution at connection points when connected to the vehicle or other components using conventional connection methods. When a vehicle travels on bumpy roads or at high speeds, the vehicle body generates significant vibration energy. If this energy is directly and rigidly transferred to the battery pack through bolts and other connectors, the battery pack structure will be subjected to a harsh vibration environment for a long time. Adding bushings, especially bushings with elastomeric structures, can effectively attenuate the vehicle body's vibration energy, greatly improving the stability of the connection between the battery pack and the vehicle, extending the battery pack's lifespan, and ensuring the vehicle and battery pack's safe collision performance.

[0004] However, the traditional assembly methods for bushings of irregularly shaped components in new energy battery packs mostly involve manual hammering or forced insertion. This makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and consistency of assembly for irregularly shaped structures. Due to the large differences in shape and size of various parts of the irregularly shaped shell and the complex stress conditions, the traditional methods are prone to causing bushings to be improperly installed, such as skewed or not fully pressed in, which in turn affects the normal function of the bushings. In view of this, the present invention proposes a bushing assembly device and method for irregularly shaped components of new energy battery packs to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bushing assembly device and method for irregularly shaped housing components of new energy battery packs, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack, comprising:

[0008] Assembly frame; the assembly frame is provided with an assembly fixing plate;

[0009] Two sets of clamping and translation components; the clamping and translation components are mounted on the assembly fixing plate; the clamping and translation components are provided with a placement plate for placing new energy vehicle parts;

[0010] A diameter reduction assembly; the diameter reduction assembly is disposed within the assembly frame to perform diameter reduction processing on the bushing;

[0011] An assembly drive assembly is provided; the assembly drive assembly is mounted on an assembly fixing plate; the assembly drive assembly is provided with an ejector mandrel that can move up and down, the ejector mandrel being matched with the diameter reduction assembly to eject the reduced bushing.

[0012] Among them, the two sets of clamping translation components are alternately displaced to the ejection position of the ejection mandrel of the assembly drive component;

[0013] The pressing and translating component moves the new energy vehicle parts to the assembly drive component, so that the new energy vehicle parts match the bushing position.

[0014] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the pressing and translational assembly includes a pressing unit, the pressing unit is provided with a pressing plate, and the pressing plate is connected to the placement plate;

[0015] The pressing plate is provided with a pressing support rod, and a pressing movable rod is hinged on the pressing support rod. Two sets of pressing positioning rods are provided on the pressing movable rod. A pressing cylinder is provided at the bottom end of the pressing plate, and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder is hinged to the pressing movable rod.

[0016] As an improvement to the above technical solution, a first pressing pad is provided on the placement plate, and the first pressing pad is adapted to the automotive parts;

[0017] The placement plate is provided with a second pressing pad, and the second pressing pad has an ejection through hole. The ejection through hole is matched with the position of the automotive parts assembly area. The ejection mandrel drives the bushing to move out of the ejection through hole and assemble it on the automotive parts.

[0018] The pressing and translating assembly also includes two sets of translating electric guide rails, on which translating sliders are provided. The placement plate is disposed on the two sets of translating sliders, so that the ejector through hole is displaced to the ejector position of the bushing of the diameter reduction assembly.

[0019] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the diameter reduction assembly includes two sets of diameter reduction cylinders, which are disposed inside the assembly frame.

[0020] The piston rods of the two sets of reduced-diameter cylinders are provided with reduced-diameter movable plates, and the reduced-diameter movable plates are provided with reduced-diameter units;

[0021] The diameter reduction assembly also includes a diameter reduction limiting sleeve, which is matched with the position of the assembly drive assembly and is connected inside the assembly frame.

[0022] The diameter reduction limiting sleeve is adapted to the diameter reduction unit, and the diameter reduction unit moves toward the diameter reduction limiting sleeve, so that the diameter reduction unit shrinks inward to drive the bushing to reduce its diameter.

[0023] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the diameter reduction unit includes multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks, which are elastically slidably disposed on the diameter reduction movable plate, and the multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks are arranged in a ring array.

[0024] The reduced diameter movable block is provided with an installation notch, and multiple sets of the installation notches are combined to form a bushing placement groove;

[0025] The outer wall of the reducing movable block is provided with a movable inclined surface, and the inner wall of the reducing limiting sleeve is provided with a reducing inclined surface. The movable inclined surface contacts the reducing inclined surface, causing multiple sets of reducing movable blocks to move toward the axial direction of the reducing limiting sleeve, thereby compressing the bushing.

[0026] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the assembly drive assembly includes a drive electric guide rail, which is connected to the assembly frame, and an assembly plate is slidably disposed on the drive electric guide rail.

[0027] The assembly plate is provided with a first assembly rod, the ejector core is provided on the first assembly rod, and an ejector through groove is provided between the multiple sets of the reduced diameter movable blocks, and the ejector core is provided in the ejector through groove.

[0028] The ejector through hole, ejector through groove, diameter reduction limiting sleeve and ejector mandrel are coaxially arranged;

[0029] The assembly plate is also provided with a second assembly rod, and a visual inspection camera is provided on the second assembly rod;

[0030] The first and second assembly rods are symmetrically arranged on the assembly plate. When the ejector mandrel moves upward into the ejector through hole, the second assembly rod moves away from the automotive parts. When the ejector mandrel moves downward into the ejector through hole, the second assembly rod moves toward the direction of the new energy vehicle parts. The assembly area of ​​the bushing is detected by a visual inspection camera.

[0031] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the assembly frame is provided with a storage box for storing automotive parts, and the assembly frame is also provided with two sets of multi-axis robotic arms, which are arranged symmetrically.

[0032] The multi-axis robotic arm is used for loading and unloading automotive parts.

[0033] A method for using a bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1, Adaptive positioning and feeding:

[0035] A multi-axis robotic arm picks up new energy vehicle parts from the placement box, and pre-positions them based on the positioning reference of the new energy vehicle parts and the first and second clamping pads of the placement plate. The new energy vehicle parts are then placed on the placement plate to ensure that the initial alignment deviation between the new energy vehicle parts assembly area and the ejection through hole is ≤0.1mm.

[0036] Step 2, Flexible clamping and fixing:

[0037] The clamping cylinder is activated, driving the clamping movable rod to rotate around the clamping support rod, so that the two sets of clamping positioning rods adaptively fit with the new energy vehicle parts. The new energy vehicle parts are clamped by a preset pressure threshold (5-8N), while the elastic buffer of the second clamping pad is used to avoid damage to the surface of the parts.

[0038] Step 3, Dynamic Alignment Adjustment:

[0039] The electric guide rail drives the placement plate to move, and combined with the preset assembly coordinate parameters, the coaxiality error between the assembly hole axis of the new energy vehicle parts and the ejector mandrel axis is adjusted to ≤0.05mm, so as to achieve precise alignment of the assembly path.

[0040] Step 4: Inclined plane guided collaborative diameter reduction:

[0041] The bushing is placed in the annular slot of the diameter reduction unit. The diameter reduction cylinder drives the diameter reduction movable plate to rise, so that the movable inclined surface of the diameter reduction movable block contacts the diameter reduction inclined surface of the diameter reduction limiting sleeve. Through the inclined surface guide, multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks are forced to shrink synchronously towards the axis, uniformly squeezing and reducing the diameter of the bushing until the outer diameter of the bushing is reduced to 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the assembly hole, and the roundness error of the bushing after diameter reduction is ≤0.02mm. After the diameter reduction is completed, the diameter reduction cylinder drives the diameter reduction movable plate to fall, and the diameter reduction movable block resets under the action of elastic force.

[0042] Step 5: Coaxiality control and jacking assembly:

[0043] The electric guide rail drives the assembly plate to rise, causing the ejector mandrel to push upward along the coaxial path of the ejector through slot and ejector through hole. Utilizing the coaxial design of the ejector mandrel and the diameter reduction limiting sleeve (coaxiality ≤0.03mm), the reduced-diameter bushing is precisely pressed into the assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component. During the pressing process, the ejection force change is monitored in real time (peak value ≤15N) to avoid excessive compression. After the bushing is assembled, the ejector mandrel is reset.

[0044] Step 6, Collaborative Detection and Switching:

[0045] After the ejector core is reset, the electric guide rail drives the assembly plate to move horizontally, so that the visual inspection camera on the second assembly rod is moved to the top of the assembly area. The bushing assembly position accuracy (≤0.05mm), exposed height (deviation ≤0.1mm) and appearance integrity are detected by image acquisition with a resolution of 0.01mm. At the same time, another set of pressing and translating components starts step 1-(5) to realize the dual-station alternating operation, and the single-station switching time is ≤1.5 seconds.

[0046] Step 7: Closed-loop material feeding cycle:

[0047] The multi-axis robotic arm classifies and picks up qualified and unqualified parts based on the inspection results. Qualified parts are transferred to the finished product area, and unqualified parts are transferred to the rework area. At the same time, the next round of material feeding is started, forming a continuous automated assembly closed loop.

[0048] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step 2, the preset pressure threshold is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor of the clamping cylinder. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, the drive is automatically stopped, forming a pressure closed-loop control.

[0049] In step 4, the shrinkage stroke of the shrinkage movable block is precisely controlled by the displacement of the piston rod of the shrinkage cylinder. The ratio of the shrinkage stroke to the initial outer diameter of the bushing is 1:(15-20), ensuring that the bushing maintains a uniform internal stress distribution after shrinkage.

[0050] In step 5, the rising speed of the ejector mandrel is controlled in segments: the initial stage (0-2mm stroke) speed is 5mm / s, the middle stage (2-5mm stroke) speed is 10mm / s, and the end stage (5mm to assembly) speed is reduced to 3mm / s. The frictional damage between the bushing and the assembly hole is reduced by speed gradient control.

[0051] As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step 3, the dynamic alignment adjustment also includes visual auxiliary calibration: by acquiring images of the component assembly area through a visual inspection camera preset on the assembly plate, the deviation value is fed back in real time and the translation electric guide rail is driven to perform compensation adjustment so that the final coaxiality error is ≤0.03mm.

[0052] In step 6, the detection process of the visual inspection camera includes: acquiring images of the assembly area from at least three different angles, identifying the bushing edge contour through image grayscale analysis, calculating the positional deviation by comparing it with a standard template, and determining whether there are scratches or deformations by edge sharpness detection.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0054] By setting two sets of clamping and translation components and having them alternately move to the ejection position of the ejection mandrel of the assembly drive component, a dual-station alternating operation mode is realized. While one set of clamping and translation components 30 is performing assembly operations, the other set can simultaneously perform pre-processing operations such as feeding, effectively shortening the assembly cycle of a single workpiece and significantly improving the overall assembly efficiency.

[0055] By using a diameter reduction component to pre-reduce the diameter of the bushing, the outer diameter of the bushing can be adapted to the assembly hole size of the new energy vehicle parts. This reduces the fitting resistance between the bushing and the assembly hole, and avoids problems such as scratches and deformation on the surface of parts or bushings caused by excessive interference during the traditional forced pressing process. This helps to ensure the structural integrity and performance of the assembled product and improves the assembly quality.

[0056] The clamping and translation component can drive the new energy vehicle parts to the assembly drive component with precision, ensuring that the parts are matched with the bushings that have undergone diameter reduction. At the same time, combined with the position matching design of the ejector mandrel and the diameter reduction component, it can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the parts assembly holes and bushings during the assembly process, reduce assembly deviations, and improve the consistency and accuracy of product assembly.

[0057] The ejector mandrel of the assembly drive component works in conjunction with the diameter reduction component. After the bushing has completed diameter reduction, it can be directly and accurately ejected into the pre-positioned assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component. This realizes the continuous process of bushing diameter reduction and press-fitting, reduces the conversion time and positioning error between processes, improves the stability and reliability of the assembly process, and facilitates automated continuous production. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the diameter reduction component and the pressing and translation component of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure;

[0062] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pressing and translating component of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly drive component of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the diameter reduction component of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diameter-reducing limiting sleeve of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Sectional view of BB;

[0067] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the diameter reduction unit of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the diameter reduction component of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping unit of the present invention.

[0070] In the diagram: 10. Assembly frame; 11. Placement box; 12. Multi-axis robotic arm; 13. Assembly fixing plate; 20. Assembly drive assembly; 21. Ejector mandrel; 22. First assembly rod; 23. Assembly plate; 24. Vision inspection camera; 25. Second assembly rod; 26. Drive electric guide rail; 30. Pressing and translation assembly; 31. Pressing unit; 311. Pressing cylinder; 312. Pressing plate; 313. Pressing movable rod; 314. Pressing support rod; 315. Pressing fixed rod. Positioning rod; 32. Translation slider; 33. Translation electric guide rail; 34. First clamping pad; 35. Second clamping pad; 351. Ejection through hole; 36. Placement plate; 40. New energy vehicle parts; 50. Bushing; 60. Diameter reduction assembly; 61. Diameter reduction cylinder; 62. Diameter reduction movable plate; 63. Diameter reduction unit; 631. Diameter reduction movable block; 632. Movable inclined surface; 633. Ejection through groove; 634. Installation notch; 64. Diameter reduction limiting sleeve; 641. Diameter reduction inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] Example:

[0073] like Figure 1-12 As shown, this embodiment proposes a bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack, including:

[0074] Assembly frame 10; an assembly fixing plate 13 is provided on the assembly frame 10;

[0075] Two sets of pressing and translating components 30; the pressing and translating components 30 are mounted on the assembly fixing plate 13; the pressing and translating components 30 are provided with a placement plate 36 for placing new energy vehicle parts 40;

[0076] A diameter reduction component 60 is disposed within the assembly frame 10 to perform diameter reduction processing on the bushing 50.

[0077] Assembly drive assembly 20; the assembly drive assembly 20 is disposed on the assembly fixing plate 13; the assembly drive assembly 20 is provided with an ejector mandrel 21 that can move up and down, the ejector mandrel 21 is matched with the diameter reduction assembly 60, and is used to eject the reduced diameter bushing 50.

[0078] Among them, the two sets of pressing translation components 30 are alternately displaced to the ejection position of the ejection mandrel 21 of the assembly drive component 20;

[0079] The pressing and translation component 30 drives the new energy vehicle component 40 to move to the assembly drive component 20, so that the new energy vehicle component 40 and the bushing 50 are matched.

[0080] In this case, new energy vehicle component 40 is an irregularly shaped shell for a new energy vehicle battery pack.

[0081] In this embodiment, during the assembly of the bushing 50, the bushing 50 is placed on the diameter reduction assembly 60, and the new energy vehicle component 40 is placed on the pressing and translation assembly 30. Then, the pressing and translation assembly 30 sends the new energy vehicle component 40 into the position of the assembly drive assembly 20. At this time, the diameter reduction assembly 60 performs diameter reduction processing on the bushing 50. After the new energy vehicle component 40 is moved to the assembly area, the ejector mandrel 21 on the assembly drive assembly 20 performs an ejection process on the bushing 50, so that the bushing 50 is pressed into the new energy vehicle component 40.

[0082] Of course, during the assembly process of one set of clamping and translation components 30, another set of clamping and translation components 30 is loaded, and the tooling is continuously assembled through alternating displacement.

[0083] By setting two sets of pressing and translating components 30 and having them alternately move to the ejection position of the ejector mandrel 21 of the assembly drive component 20, a dual-station alternating operation mode is realized. While one set of pressing and translating components 30 is performing assembly operations, the other set can simultaneously perform pre-processing operations such as feeding, effectively shortening the assembly cycle of a single workpiece and significantly improving the overall assembly efficiency.

[0084] By using the diameter reduction component 60 to pre-reduce the diameter of the bushing 50, the outer diameter of the bushing 50 can be adapted to the assembly hole size of the new energy vehicle component 40, reducing the fitting resistance between the bushing 50 and the assembly hole, avoiding problems such as scratches and deformation on the surface of the component or bushing 50 caused by excessive interference during the traditional forced pressing process, which helps to ensure the structural integrity and performance of the assembled product and improves the assembly quality.

[0085] The pressing and translation component 30 can drive the new energy vehicle component 40 to be precisely moved to the assembly drive component 20, ensuring that the component and the bushing 50 with the reduced diameter are matched. At the same time, combined with the position matching design of the ejector mandrel 21 and the reduced diameter component 60, it can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the component assembly hole and the bushing 50 during the assembly process, reduce assembly deviation, and improve the consistency and accuracy of product assembly.

[0086] The ejector mandrel 21 of the assembly drive assembly 20 works in conjunction with the diameter reduction assembly 60. After the bushing 50 completes the diameter reduction, it can be directly and accurately pushed into the pre-positioned assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component 40. This realizes the continuous process of bushing 50 diameter reduction and press-fitting, reduces the conversion time and positioning error between processes, improves the stability and reliability of the assembly process, and facilitates automated continuous production.

[0087] Specifically, the pressing and translating assembly 30 includes a pressing unit 31, the pressing unit 31 is provided with a pressing plate 312, and the pressing plate 312 is connected to the placement plate 36;

[0088] The pressing plate 312 is provided with a pressing support rod 314, and a pressing movable rod 313 is hinged on the pressing support rod 314. Two sets of pressing positioning rods 315 are provided on the pressing movable rod 313. A pressing cylinder 311 is provided at the bottom end of the pressing plate 312, and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 311 is hinged to the pressing movable rod 313.

[0089] In this embodiment, the clamping unit 31 drives the clamping movable rod 313 to rotate around the clamping support rod 314 through the clamping cylinder 311, which drives the two sets of clamping positioning rods 315 to adaptively fit with the new energy vehicle parts 40. It can achieve flexible clamping according to the shape contour of the parts, avoiding the pressure damage or deformation caused by rigid clamping to the surface of the parts, and effectively protecting the structural integrity of the parts.

[0090] By using the clamping cylinder 311 to provide driving force, combined with the lever-type transmission structure of the clamping movable rod 313, the clamping force of the clamping positioning rod 315 on the new energy vehicle parts 40 can be precisely controlled by a preset pressure threshold. This ensures that the new energy vehicle parts are stably positioned during assembly, prevents assembly deviations caused by displacement, and avoids damage to parts due to overpressure, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the clamping operation.

[0091] Specifically, the placement plate 36 is provided with a first pressing pad 34, which is adapted to the automotive parts;

[0092] The placement plate 36 is provided with a second pressing pad 35, and the second pressing pad 35 has an ejection through hole 351. The ejection through hole 351 is matched with the position of the automotive parts assembly area. The ejection mandrel 21 drives the bushing 50 to move out of the ejection through hole 351 and be assembled on the automotive parts.

[0093] In this embodiment, both the first pressing pad 34 and the second pressing pad 35 are made of rubber material, thereby reducing the risk of the surface of the new energy vehicle parts 40 being crushed or scratched, and protecting the appearance and structural integrity of the parts.

[0094] In this embodiment, a first pressing pad 34 adapted to the automotive parts is provided on the placement plate 36, which can provide a support positioning reference that fits the shape of the parts, ensuring that the initial position of the new energy vehicle parts 40 is accurate when placed, reducing subsequent assembly errors caused by placement deviations, and improving the reliability and consistency of the positioning of the new energy vehicle parts 40.

[0095] The second clamping pad 35 serves two purposes. First, it works in conjunction with the first clamping pad 34 to provide stable support for the new energy vehicle component 40 from different positions, enhancing the stability of the new energy vehicle component 40 during translation and assembly. Second, its ejection through hole 351 matches the position of the vehicle component assembly area, providing a precise channel for the ejector mandrel 21 to drive the bushing 50 for assembly operations. This ensures that the bushing 50 can accurately enter the component assembly area along the preset path, avoiding assembly misalignment caused by channel offset and improving assembly accuracy.

[0096] Specifically, the pressing translation component 30 also includes two sets of translation electric guide rails 33, and translation sliders 32 are provided on the translation electric guide rails 33. The placement plate 36 is provided on the two sets of translation sliders 32, so that the ejection through hole 351 is displaced to the ejection position of the bushing 50 of the diameter reduction component 60.

[0097] In this embodiment, two sets of translation electric guide rails 33 and translation sliders 32 cooperate to form a translation drive structure. The placement plate 36 is placed on the two sets of translation sliders 32. The placement plate 36 can be moved smoothly and controllably by the precise drive of the translation electric guide rails 33. This ensures that the ejection through hole 351 can be accurately moved to the ejection position of the bushing 50 of the diameter reduction component 60. This effectively improves the alignment accuracy of the assembly position of the new energy vehicle parts 40 and the bushing 50 and reduces assembly errors caused by displacement deviation.

[0098] Specifically, the diameter reduction assembly 60 includes two sets of diameter reduction cylinders 61, which are disposed inside the assembly frame 10.

[0099] The piston rods of the two sets of reducing cylinders 61 are provided with reducing movable plates 62, and the reducing movable plates 62 are provided with reducing units 63.

[0100] The diameter reduction component 60 also includes a diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64, which is matched with the assembly drive component 20 and is connected inside the assembly frame 10.

[0101] The diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64 is adapted to the diameter reduction unit 63. The diameter reduction unit 63 is displaced toward the diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64, so that the diameter reduction unit 63 retracts inward to drive the bushing 50 to reduce its diameter.

[0102] In this embodiment, two sets of reducing cylinders 61 synchronously drive the reducing movable plate 62 to move the reducing unit 63. Combined with the matching design of the reducing limit sleeve 64 and the reducing unit 63, the reducing unit 63 is retracted inward by moving into the reducing limit sleeve 64. This can form a uniform and stable extrusion force on the bushing 50, ensuring the consistency of the bushing 50's reducing process, effectively controlling the dimensional accuracy and roundness of the bushing 50 after reducing, and improving the compatibility of the bushing 50 with the assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component 40.

[0103] The diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64 is matched with the assembly drive component 20 to provide precise guidance and limit for the shrinking action of the diameter reduction unit 63, so that the position of the bushing 50 after diameter reduction is consistent with the ejection path of the subsequent ejection mandrel 21, ensuring the positioning continuity of the bushing 50 from the diameter reduction process to the ejection assembly process, reducing the positional deviation during the process transition, and improving the overall assembly accuracy.

[0104] The reduction cylinder 61 is used to drive the reduction unit 63. The driving force is stable and adjustable, which can adapt to the reduction requirements of bushings 50 of different materials and specifications. The reduction amount can be precisely controlled by adjusting the output parameters of the reduction cylinder 61, which enhances the versatility and flexibility of the device.

[0105] Specifically, the diameter reduction unit 63 includes multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks 631, which are elastically slidably disposed on the diameter reduction movable plate 62, and the multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks 631 are arranged in a ring array.

[0106] The reduced diameter movable block 631 is provided with an installation notch 634, and multiple sets of the installation notches 634 are combined to form a bushing 50 placement groove.

[0107] The outer wall of the reducing movable block 631 is provided with a movable inclined surface 632, and the inner wall of the reducing limiting sleeve 64 is provided with a reducing inclined surface 641. The movable inclined surface 632 contacts the reducing inclined surface 641, causing multiple sets of reducing movable blocks 631 to move toward the axial direction of the reducing limiting sleeve 64, thereby compressing the bushing 50.

[0108] In this embodiment, when the bushing 50 is subjected to a diameter reduction process, the bushing 50 is placed in a placement groove formed by multiple sets of mounting notches 634. Of course, the placement groove is adapted to the bushing 50 before diameter reduction. Then, the diameter reduction cylinder 61 is operated, which causes the diameter reduction movable plate 62 to rise and drive the diameter reduction unit 63 to move into the diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64. Under the contact of the movable inclined surface 632 and the diameter reduction inclined surface 641, the diameter reduction unit 63 moves towards the axial direction of the diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64 to squeeze the bushing 50, so that the bushing 50 is reduced in diameter.

[0109] When the reducing unit 63 disengages from the reducing limit sleeve 64, the reducing movable block 631 is elastically slidably disposed on the reducing movable plate 62, and the reducing movable block 631 is reset so that the next set of bushings 50 can perform the reducing process.

[0110] Multiple sets of reducing diameter movable blocks 631 are arranged in a ring array. Their mounting notches 634 are combined to form a placement groove that fits the bushing 50 before reducing diameter. This can form a circumferentially enveloping positioning of the bushing 50, ensuring that the bushing 50 is subjected to uniform force during the reducing diameter process, avoiding deformation of the bushing 50 caused by excessive local compression, ensuring the roundness accuracy of the bushing 50 after reducing diameter, and improving the compatibility between the bushing 50 and the assembly hole.

[0111] The movable inclined surface 632 on the outer wall of the reducing movable block 631 contacts and engages with the reducing inclined surface 641 on the inner wall of the reducing limiting sleeve 64. Through the guiding effect of the inclined surface, the axial driving force of the reducing cylinder 61 is converted into the radial shrinkage force of the reducing movable block 631 in the axial direction, so as to realize the synchronous and symmetrical shrinkage of multiple sets of reducing movable blocks 631, uniformly squeeze and reduce the diameter of the bushing 50, accurately control the reduction amount of the bushing 50, and ensure the consistency and stability of the reduction size.

[0112] The reducing diameter movable block 631 is elastically slidably mounted on the reducing diameter movable plate 62. It can automatically reset when the reducing diameter unit 63 is disengaged from the reducing diameter limiting sleeve 64. The reset action can be completed without additional drive structure, which simplifies the device structure. At the same time, it ensures that the next set of bushings 50 can be quickly and accurately placed in the placement slot, realize the continuous operation of the reducing diameter process, and improve work efficiency.

[0113] Specifically, the assembly drive assembly 20 includes a drive electric guide rail 26, which is connected to the assembly frame 10, and an assembly plate 23 is slidably disposed on the drive electric guide rail 26.

[0114] The assembly plate 23 is provided with a first assembly rod 22, the ejector core rod 21 is provided on the first assembly rod 22, and an ejector through groove 633 is provided between the multiple sets of the reduced diameter movable blocks 631, and the ejector core rod 21 is provided in the ejector through groove 633.

[0115] The ejector through hole 351, ejector through groove 633, diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64, and ejector core 21 are coaxially arranged.

[0116] In this embodiment, the electric guide rail 26 drives the assembly plate 23 to slide, thereby driving the ejector mandrel 21 to achieve precise up and down displacement. The displacement stroke and speed of the ejector mandrel 21 can be precisely controlled to ensure that the ejector mandrel 21 can stably push the bushing 50 along the preset path, avoiding misalignment of the bushing 50 due to displacement deviation, and improving the controllability and accuracy of the assembly action.

[0117] The ejector through hole 351, ejector through groove 633, diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64 and ejector mandrel 21 are coaxially arranged to form a unified assembly reference axis. This ensures that the bushing 50 is carried out along the same axis throughout the entire process from diameter reduction to being ejected into the assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component 40. This effectively guarantees the coaxiality of the bushing 50 and the component assembly hole, reduces assembly deviation, and improves the consistency of product assembly.

[0118] Specifically, the assembly plate 23 is also provided with a second assembly rod 25, and a visual inspection camera 24 is provided on the second assembly rod 25;

[0119] The first assembly rod 22 and the second assembly rod 25 are symmetrically arranged on the assembly plate 23. When the ejector core rod 21 moves upward into the ejector through hole 351, the second assembly rod 25 moves away from the automotive parts. When the ejector core rod 21 moves downward into the ejector through hole 351, the second assembly rod 25 moves toward the new energy vehicle parts 40. The assembly area of ​​the bushing 50 is detected by the visual inspection camera 24.

[0120] In this embodiment, a first assembly rod 22 and a second assembly rod 25 are symmetrically arranged on the assembly plate 23, and the second assembly rod 25 is equipped with a vision inspection camera 24. The displacement linkage of the assembly plate 23 is used to realize the alternating operation of the ejector mandrel 21 and the vision inspection camera 24: when the ejector mandrel 21 performs the assembly action, the vision inspection camera 24 moves away from the parts to avoid interference; after the assembly is completed, the vision inspection camera 24 moves with the assembly plate 23 to the inspection position, realizing the automated connection between the assembly and inspection processes. There is no need for an additional drive structure to switch the workstation, which simplifies the device layout and improves the continuity of operation.

[0121] The visual inspection camera 24 can accurately inspect the assembly area of ​​bushing 50. By acquiring images of the assembly area in real time and comparing them with standard templates, it can identify assembly defects in a timely manner, form a closed-loop quality control, effectively reduce the risk of defective products flowing out, and improve the stability and reliability of product assembly quality.

[0122] The visual inspection camera 24 and the ejector mandrel 21 share the displacement reference of the assembly plate 23, ensuring the consistency of the reference between the inspection position and the assembly position, reducing misjudgments caused by the offset of the inspection reference, and improving the accuracy of the inspection results.

[0123] Specifically, the assembly frame 10 is provided with a storage box 11 for storing automotive parts, and the assembly frame 10 is also provided with two sets of multi-axis robotic arms 12, which are symmetrically arranged.

[0124] The multi-axis robotic arm 12 is used for loading and unloading automotive parts.

[0125] In this embodiment, the placement box 11 is placed flat on the assembly frame 10. Its position can be adjusted according to the actual situation. After the adjustment is completed, it is fixed by bolts so that the multi-axis robotic arm 12 can grip the automotive parts for loading and unloading processes.

[0126] A method for using a bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack includes the following steps:

[0127] Step 1, Adaptive positioning and feeding:

[0128] The multi-axis robotic arm 12 picks up the new energy vehicle component 40 from the placement box 11, and pre-positions it based on the positioning reference of the new energy vehicle component 40 and the first pressing pad 34 and the second pressing pad 35 of the placement plate 36. The new energy vehicle component 40 is then placed on the placement plate 36 to ensure that the initial alignment deviation between the assembly area of ​​the new energy vehicle component 40 and the ejection through hole 351 is ≤0.1mm.

[0129] Step 2, Flexible clamping and fixing:

[0130] Start the clamping cylinder 311 to drive the clamping movable rod 313 to rotate around the clamping support rod 314, so that the two sets of clamping positioning rods 315 adaptively fit with the new energy vehicle parts 40. The new energy vehicle parts 40 are clamped by the preset pressure threshold (5-8N), while the elastic buffer of the second clamping pad 35 is used to avoid damage to the surface of the parts.

[0131] Step 3, Dynamic Alignment Adjustment:

[0132] The translation electric guide rail 33 drives the placement plate 36 to shift, and combined with the preset assembly coordinate parameters, adjusts the coaxiality error between the axis of the assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component 40 and the axis of the ejector mandrel 21 to ≤0.05mm, so as to achieve precise alignment of the assembly path.

[0133] Step 4: Inclined plane guided collaborative diameter reduction:

[0134] The bushing 50 is placed in the annular placement groove of the diameter reduction unit 63. The diameter reduction cylinder 61 drives the diameter reduction movable plate 62 to rise, so that the movable inclined surface 632 of the diameter reduction movable block 631 contacts the diameter reduction inclined surface 641 of the diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64. Through the inclined surface guide, multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks 631 are forced to shrink synchronously towards the axis, and the bushing 50 is uniformly squeezed and reduced in diameter until the outer diameter of the bushing 50 is reduced to 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the assembly hole, and the roundness error of the bushing 50 after diameter reduction is ≤0.02mm. After the diameter reduction is completed, the diameter reduction cylinder 61 drives the diameter reduction movable plate 62 to fall, and the diameter reduction movable block 631 is reset under the action of elastic force.

[0135] Step 5: Coaxiality control and jacking assembly:

[0136] The electric guide rail 26 drives the assembly plate 23 to rise, causing the ejector mandrel 21 to push upward along the coaxial path of the ejector through slot 633 and ejector through hole 351. Utilizing the coaxial design (coaxiality ≤ 0.03 mm) of the ejector mandrel 21 and the diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64, the reduced-diameter bushing 50 is precisely pressed into the assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component 40. During the pressing process, the change in ejection force (peak value ≤ 15 N) is monitored in real time to avoid excessive compression. After the bushing 50 is assembled, the ejector mandrel 21 is reset.

[0137] Step 6, Collaborative Detection and Switching:

[0138] After the ejector core 21 is reset, the drive electric guide rail 26 drives the assembly plate 23 to move horizontally, so that the visual inspection camera 24 on the second assembly rod 25 is moved to the top of the assembly area. The assembly position accuracy (≤0.05mm), exposed height (deviation ≤0.1mm), and appearance integrity of the bushing 50 are detected by image acquisition with a resolution of 0.01mm. At the same time, another set of pressing and translation components (30) starts step 1-(5) to realize the dual-station alternating operation, and the single-station switching time is ≤1.5 seconds.

[0139] Step 7: Closed-loop material feeding cycle:

[0140] The multi-axis robotic arm 12 classifies and picks up qualified and unqualified parts according to the inspection results. Qualified parts are transferred to the finished product area, and unqualified parts are transferred to the rework area. At the same time, the next round of feeding is started, forming a continuous automated assembly closed loop.

[0141] In this embodiment, efficient and precise automated assembly is achieved through multi-dimensional collaborative design: two sets of clamping and translation components 30 operate alternately, combined with a multi-axis robotic arm 12 to complete adaptive positioning and feeding (initial alignment deviation ≤ 0.1mm) and closed-loop unloading cycle, and with dynamic alignment adjustment (coaxiality error ≤ 0.05mm), continuous conveying and positioning of new energy vehicle parts 40 are realized; through flexible clamping and fixing (preset pressure threshold 5-8N) and elastic buffer design, damage to the surface of the parts is avoided; by using inclined plane guide collaborative diameter reduction, the outer diameter of the bushing 50 is precisely reduced to 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the assembly hole (roundness error ≤ 0.02mm). The bushing 50 is precisely press-fitted by combining the coaxial design (coaxiality ≤ 0.03 mm) of the ejector through hole 351, ejector through groove 633, diameter reduction limiting sleeve 64 and ejector mandrel 21 with ejector force monitoring (peak value ≤ 15 N). The assembly quality (position accuracy ≤ 0.05 mm, exposed height deviation ≤ 0.1 mm) is detected in real time by the visual inspection camera 24, and the dual-station rapid switching is realized (single station switching time ≤ 1.5 seconds). The whole system forms an automated closed loop of "loading-assembly-inspection-unloading", which effectively improves assembly efficiency, accuracy and quality stability, reduces the risk of manual intervention and defective products, and is suitable for large-scale mass production.

[0142] Specifically, in step 2, the preset pressure threshold is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor of the clamping cylinder 311. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, the drive is automatically stopped, forming a pressure closed-loop control.

[0143] In step 4, the shrinkage stroke of the shrinkage movable block 631 is precisely controlled by the displacement of the piston rod of the shrinkage cylinder 61. The ratio of the shrinkage stroke to the initial outer diameter of the bushing 50 is 1:(15-20), ensuring that the bushing 50 maintains a uniform internal stress distribution after shrinkage.

[0144] In step 5, the rising speed of the ejector mandrel 21 is controlled in segments: the initial stage (0-2mm stroke) speed is 5mm / s, the middle stage (2-5mm stroke) speed is 10mm / s, and the end stage (5mm to assembly position) speed is reduced to 3mm / s. The frictional damage between the bushing 50 and the assembly hole is reduced by speed gradient control.

[0145] In this embodiment, in step 2, the pressure sensor of the clamping cylinder 311 monitors the preset pressure threshold in real time. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, the drive is automatically stopped, forming a pressure closed-loop control. This can accurately control the clamping force on the new energy vehicle component 40, ensuring that the new energy vehicle component 40 will not be displaced due to insufficient pressure during assembly, and also avoiding surface damage or structural deformation of the new energy vehicle component 40 due to excessive pressure. This improves the reliability and safety of the clamping operation and ensures the structural integrity of the component.

[0146] In step 4, the shrinkage stroke of the shrinkage block 631 is precisely controlled by the displacement of the piston rod of the shrinkage cylinder 61. The ratio of the shrinkage stroke to the initial outer diameter of the bushing 50 is set to 1:(15-20), which can achieve precise control of the shrinkage amount of the bushing 50, ensuring that the bushing 50 is subjected to uniform force during the shrinkage process. This ensures that the bushing 50 maintains a uniform internal stress distribution after shrinkage, avoiding problems such as deformation and cracking of the bushing 50 during subsequent assembly or use due to uneven internal stress, and improving the structural stability and service life of the bushing 50 after shrinkage.

[0147] In step 5, the rising speed of the ejector mandrel 21 is controlled in segments. The initial stage is low-speed operation to facilitate accurate alignment, the middle stage is accelerated to improve assembly efficiency, and the end stage is decelerated to reduce frictional damage between the bushing 50 and the assembly hole. By reasonably setting the speed gradient, while ensuring assembly efficiency, the frictional loss between the bushing 50 and the component assembly hole is effectively reduced, protecting the surface quality of the bushing 50 and the components, and further improving the stability of the assembly quality.

[0148] Specifically, in step 3, the dynamic alignment adjustment also includes visual-assisted calibration: the visual inspection camera 24 preset on the assembly plate 23 collects images of the component assembly area, provides real-time feedback on the deviation value, and drives the translation electric guide rail 33 to perform compensation adjustment so that the final coaxiality error is ≤0.03mm.

[0149] In step 6, the detection process of the visual inspection camera 24 includes: acquiring images of the assembly area from at least 3 different angles, identifying the edge contour of the bushing 50 through image grayscale analysis, calculating the positional deviation by comparing it with the standard template, and determining whether there are scratches or deformations by edge sharpness detection.

[0150] In this embodiment, in step 3, a vision inspection camera 24 pre-installed on the assembly plate 23 acquires images of the assembly area of ​​the new energy vehicle component 40, provides real-time feedback on deviation values, and drives the translation electric guide rail 33 for compensation and adjustment, controlling the final coaxiality error to ≤0.03mm, thus achieving ultra-high precision alignment between the assembly holes of the new energy vehicle component and the axis of the ejector mandrel 21. This vision-assisted calibration mechanism can dynamically capture positioning deviations and quickly respond to compensation, effectively eliminating alignment deviations caused by factors such as mechanical transmission errors and the tolerances of the new energy vehicle component 40 itself, providing an ultimate positioning benchmark for the subsequent precise assembly of the bushing 50, and significantly improving the consistency and reliability of the assembly path;

[0151] In step 6, the visual inspection camera 24 acquires images of the assembly area from at least three different angles. Grayscale analysis of the images identifies the edge contour of the bushing 50 and compares it with a standard template to calculate positional deviations. Simultaneously, edge sharpness detection identifies scratches or deformations, achieving comprehensive and high-precision inspection of the bushing 50's assembly quality. Multi-angle image acquisition ensures the integrity of the inspection field of view, avoiding blind spots that may exist from a single angle. Grayscale analysis and comparison with the standard template accurately quantify positional deviations (such as positional accuracy and exposed height), while edge sharpness detection effectively identifies appearance defects. The combination of these two methods provides comprehensive control over assembly quality, significantly reducing the risk of defective products leaving the assembly and providing precise data support for closed-loop quality management.

[0152] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack, characterized in that: include: Assembly frame (10); an assembly fixing plate (13) is provided on the assembly frame (10); Two sets of pressing and translating components (30); the pressing and translating components (30) are mounted on the mounting and fixing plate (13); the pressing and translating components (30) are provided with a placement plate (36) for placing new energy vehicle parts (40); A diameter reduction assembly (60); the diameter reduction assembly (60) is disposed within the assembly frame (10) to perform diameter reduction processing on the bushing (50); Assembly drive assembly (20); the assembly drive assembly (20) is set on the assembly fixing plate (13); the assembly drive assembly (20) is provided with an ejector mandrel (21) that moves up and down, the ejector mandrel (21) is matched with the diameter reduction assembly (60) and is used to eject the reduced bushing (50); Among them, the two sets of pressing translation components (30) are alternately displaced to the ejection position of the ejection mandrel (21) of the assembly drive component (20); The pressing translation component (30) drives the new energy vehicle component (40) to move to the assembly drive component (20), so that the new energy vehicle component (40) and the bushing (50) are matched.

2. The bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing and translating assembly (30) includes a pressing unit (31), the pressing unit (31) is provided with a pressing plate (312), and the pressing plate (312) is connected to the placement plate (36); The pressing plate (312) is provided with a pressing support rod (314), and a pressing movable rod (313) is hinged on the pressing support rod (314). Two sets of pressing positioning rods (315) are provided on the pressing movable rod (313). A pressing cylinder (311) is provided at the bottom end of the pressing plate (312), and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (311) is hinged to the pressing movable rod (313).

3. The bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The placement plate (36) is provided with a first pressing pad (34), which is adapted to the automotive parts; The placement plate (36) is provided with a second pressing pad (35), and the second pressing pad (35) has an ejection through hole (351). The ejection through hole (351) is matched with the position of the automotive parts assembly area. The ejection mandrel (21) drives the bushing (50) to move out of the ejection through hole (351) and be assembled on the automotive parts. The pressing translation assembly (30) also includes two sets of translation electric guide rails (33), on which translation sliders (32) are provided. The placement plate (36) is placed on the two sets of translation sliders (32), so that the ejection through hole (351) is displaced to the ejection position of the bushing (50) of the diameter reduction assembly (60).

4. The bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter reduction assembly (60) includes two sets of diameter reduction cylinders (61), which are disposed inside the assembly frame (10); The piston rods of the two sets of reduced diameter cylinders (61) are provided with reduced diameter movable plates (62), and the reduced diameter movable plates (62) are provided with reduced diameter units (63). The diameter reduction assembly (60) also includes a diameter reduction limiting sleeve (64), which is matched with the assembly drive assembly (20) in position and is connected inside the assembly frame (10). The diameter reduction limiting sleeve (64) is adapted to the diameter reduction unit (63), and the diameter reduction unit (63) is displaced toward the diameter reduction limiting sleeve (64), so that the diameter reduction unit (63) shrinks inward to drive the bushing (50) to reduce its diameter.

5. The bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter reduction unit (63) includes multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks (631), which are elastically slidably disposed on the diameter reduction movable plate (62), and the multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks (631) are arranged in a ring array. The reduced diameter movable block (631) is provided with an installation notch (634), and multiple sets of the installation notches (634) are combined to form a bushing (50) placement groove; The outer wall of the reducing movable block (631) is provided with a movable inclined surface (632), and the inner wall of the reducing limiting sleeve (64) is provided with a reducing inclined surface (641). The movable inclined surface (632) contacts the reducing inclined surface (641), causing multiple sets of reducing movable blocks (631) to move toward the axial direction of the reducing limiting sleeve (64), thereby compressing the bushing (50).

6. The bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The assembly drive assembly (20) includes a drive electric guide rail (26), which is connected to the assembly frame (10), and an assembly plate (23) is slidably disposed on the drive electric guide rail (26). The assembly plate (23) is provided with a first assembly rod (22), the ejector core rod (21) is provided on the first assembly rod (22), and an ejector through groove (633) is provided between multiple sets of the reduced diameter movable blocks (631), and the ejector core rod (21) is provided in the ejector through groove (633). The ejector through hole (351), ejector through groove (633), diameter reduction limiting sleeve (64) and ejector mandrel (21) are coaxially arranged; The assembly plate (23) is also provided with a second assembly rod (25), and a visual inspection camera (24) is provided on the second assembly rod (25). The first assembly rod (22) and the second assembly rod (25) are symmetrically arranged on the assembly plate (23). When the ejector core rod (21) moves upward into the ejector through hole (351), the second assembly rod (25) moves away from the automotive parts. When the ejector core rod (21) moves downward into the ejector through hole (351), the second assembly rod (25) moves toward the new energy vehicle parts (40). The assembly area of ​​the bushing (50) is detected by the visual inspection camera (24).

7. The bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The assembly frame (10) is provided with a storage box (11) for storing automotive parts, and the assembly frame (10) is also provided with two sets of multi-axis robotic arms (12), which are symmetrically arranged. The multi-axis robotic arm (12) is used for loading and unloading automotive parts.

8. A method for using a bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, Adaptive positioning and feeding: The new energy vehicle parts (40) are picked up from the placement box (11) by the multi-axis robotic arm (12). Based on the positioning reference of the new energy vehicle parts (40) and the first pressing pad (34) and the second pressing pad (35) of the placement plate (36), the new energy vehicle parts (40) are pre-positioned and placed on the placement plate (36) to ensure that the initial alignment deviation between the assembly area of ​​the new energy vehicle parts (40) and the ejection through hole (351) is ≤0.1mm. Step 2, Flexible clamping and fixing: Start the clamping cylinder (311) to drive the clamping movable rod (313) to rotate around the clamping support rod (314), so that the two sets of clamping positioning rods (315) adaptively fit with the new energy vehicle parts (40), and clamp the new energy vehicle parts (40) by the preset pressure threshold of 5-8N, while using the elastic buffer of the second clamping pad (35) to avoid damage to the surface of the parts; Step 3, Dynamic Alignment Adjustment: The translation electric guide rail (33) drives the placement plate (36) to move. Combined with the preset assembly coordinate parameters, the coaxiality error between the assembly hole axis of the new energy vehicle parts (40) and the axis of the ejector mandrel (21) is adjusted to ≤0.05mm, so as to achieve precise alignment of the assembly path. Step 4: Inclined plane guided collaborative diameter reduction: The bushing (50) is placed in the annular placement groove of the diameter reduction unit (63). The diameter reduction cylinder (61) drives the diameter reduction movable plate (62) to rise, so that the movable inclined surface (632) of the diameter reduction movable block (631) contacts the diameter reduction inclined surface (641) of the diameter reduction limiting sleeve (64). Through the inclined surface guide, multiple sets of diameter reduction movable blocks (631) are forced to shrink towards the axis synchronously, and the bushing (50) is uniformly squeezed and reduced in diameter until the outer diameter of the bushing (50) is reduced to 0.3-0.5mm smaller than the assembly hole, and the roundness error of the bushing (50) after diameter reduction is ≤0.02mm. After the diameter reduction is completed, the diameter reduction cylinder (61) drives the diameter reduction movable plate (62) to fall, and the diameter reduction movable block (631) resets under the action of elastic force. Step 5: Coaxiality control and jacking assembly: The electric guide rail (26) drives the assembly plate (23) to rise, so that the ejector core (21) pushes upward along the coaxial path of the ejector through slot (633) and ejector through hole (351). The coaxiality of the ejector core (21) and the diameter reduction limit sleeve (64) is ≤0.03mm, and the diameter reduction bushing (50) is precisely pressed into the assembly hole of the new energy vehicle component (40). During the pressing process, the peak value of the ejector force change is monitored in real time to avoid excessive compression. After the bushing (50) is assembled, the ejector core (21) is reset. Step 6, Collaborative Detection and Switching: After the ejector core (21) is reset, the drive electric guide rail (26) moves the assembly plate (23) to translate, so that the visual inspection camera (24) on the second assembly rod (25) is moved to the top of the assembly area. The assembly position accuracy of the bushing (50) is ≤0.05mm, the exposed height is ≤0.1mm, and the appearance integrity is detected by image acquisition with a resolution of 0.01mm. At the same time, another set of pressing and translating components (30) starts steps 1-5 to realize the dual-station alternating operation, and the single-station switching time is ≤1.5 seconds. Step 7: Closed-loop material feeding cycle: The multi-axis robotic arm (12) classifies and picks up qualified and unqualified parts according to the test results. Qualified parts are transferred to the finished product area, and unqualified parts are transferred to the rework area. At the same time, the next round of material feeding is started to form a continuous automated assembly closed loop.

9. The method of using the bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2, the preset pressure threshold is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor of the clamping cylinder (311). When the pressure exceeds the threshold, the drive is automatically stopped, forming a pressure closed-loop control. In step 4, the shrinkage stroke of the shrinkage movable block (631) is precisely controlled by the displacement of the piston rod of the shrinkage cylinder (61). The ratio of the shrinkage stroke to the initial outer diameter of the bushing (50) is 1:15-20, ensuring that the bushing (50) maintains a uniform internal stress distribution after shrinkage. In step 5, the rising speed of the ejector mandrel (21) is controlled in segments: the initial stage 0-2mm stroke speed is 5mm / s, the middle stage 2-5mm stroke speed is 10mm / s, and the end 5mm to the assembly position speed is reduced to 3mm / s. The frictional damage between the bushing (50) and the assembly hole is reduced by speed gradient control.

10. The method of using the bushing assembly device for irregularly shaped housing components of a new energy battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the dynamic alignment adjustment also includes visual auxiliary calibration: by using a visual inspection camera (24) preset on the assembly plate (23) to collect images of the component assembly area, feedback the deviation value in real time and drive the translation electric guide rail (33) to perform compensation adjustment, so that the final coaxiality error is ≤0.03mm; In step 6, the detection process of the visual inspection camera (24) includes: acquiring images of the assembly area from at least 3 different angles, identifying the edge contour of the bushing (50) through image grayscale analysis, calculating the positional deviation by comparing it with the standard template, and determining whether there are scratches or deformations by edge sharpness detection.

Images