Process for preparing light-emitting exterior trimming part of transparent base material of car lamp

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior trimming part of a transparent base material of a car lamp. The process comprises the following steps: S1, cleaning the transparent base material; s2, heating the transparent base material, atomizing and spraying primer, and carrying out infrared heating and light curing to obtain a primer film layer; s3, the transparent base material serves as an anode, a to-be-deposited metal film layer material serves as a cathode, sputtering coating is conducted under the vacuum condition, and a first metal film layer is formed on the primer film layer; s4, first intermediate paint atomization spraying, infrared heating and light curing are carried out on the first metal thin film layer, and a first intermediate paint film layer is obtained; s5, the transparent base material serves as an anode, a to-be-deposited metal film layer material serves as a cathode, sputtering coating is conducted under the vacuum condition, and a second metal film layer is formed on the first middle paint film layer; s6, second intermediate paint atomization spraying, infrared heating and light curing are conducted on the second metal film layer, and a second intermediate paint film layer is obtained; and S7, finishing coat atomization spraying, infrared heating, light curing and heat curing are conducted on the second middle paint film layer, and a finishing coat film layer is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive lighting technology, and more specifically to a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component made of a transparent substrate for automotive lighting. Background Technology

[0002] As the automotive industry rapidly moves towards intelligent and electric vehicles, consumers are placing higher demands on the aesthetics and functionality of automotive exterior components. Modern automotive exterior components not only need to have a high-end decorative appearance with electroplated silver to enhance the overall quality of the vehicle, but also need to meet stringent optical performance standards at the technical level—being opaque when stationary but translucent when illuminated, while the back of the exterior components must also exhibit a delicate electroplated silver effect.

[0003] Currently, the industry lacks a mature solution for coating semi-transparent films on exterior surfaces. The closest traditional process primarily uses electroplating. However, this process has significant limitations: its function is limited to imparting a metallic sheen to the product surface. Furthermore, existing exterior finishing processes commonly suffer from light leakage and transmission issues due to pinhole defects. In the production of traditional automotive illuminated exterior parts, a thick metal coating is required on the back of the part to address the light leakage and transmission problems. However, this structural design, due to the excessively thick metal coating, significantly increases manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the prior art by providing a process for preparing luminous exterior parts made from transparent substrates for automotive headlights. The exterior parts prepared by this process can meet the optical requirements of being opaque when static and translucent when lit, and are free of pinhole defects, thereby effectively solving the problems faced by traditional processes (electroplated technology).

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: This invention provides a process for manufacturing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive headlights, the process comprising the following steps: S1. Substrate cleaning: The surface of the transparent substrate is blown clean and then plasma cleaning is performed. S2, Primer spraying: The transparent substrate is heated to remove internal residual stress, and then primer atomization spraying, infrared heating and light curing are performed in sequence to obtain the primer film layer. S3. First coating: Using the transparent substrate as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, sputtering is performed under vacuum conditions to deposit a uniform first metal film on the primer film. S4, First intermediate paint spraying: The first intermediate paint is sequentially atomized and sprayed, infrared heated and light-cured on the first metal film layer to obtain the first intermediate paint film layer; S5. Secondary coating: Using the transparent substrate as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, sputtering coating is performed under vacuum conditions to deposit a uniform second metal film layer on the first intermediate paint film layer. S6. Secondary intermediate paint spraying: The second intermediate paint is sequentially atomized and sprayed, infrared heated and light-cured on the second metal film layer to obtain the second intermediate paint film layer. S7. Topcoat spraying: Topcoat atomization spraying, infrared heating and light curing are performed sequentially on the second intermediate paint film layer, followed by heat curing to obtain the topcoat film layer, thus producing a light-emitting exterior part with a transparent substrate for vehicle lights.

[0006] Specifically, the process provided by this invention for preparing luminescent exterior parts with transparent substrates for automotive lights is a low-cost and efficient method for preparing statically opaque, pinhole-free automotive exterior parts. The main challenge in exterior part coating technology lies in the coordinated achievement of color matching and performance requirements. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure that the finished product color is highly consistent with the preset target color; on the other hand, the exterior layer must simultaneously meet multiple functional requirements such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, scratch resistance, and heat and sun protection. The exterior parts prepared by the process of this invention can achieve static opacity, and after being lit, they can exhibit a luminescent effect with specific logo shapes (transparent after being lit). Furthermore, the light transmission effect is diversified, and the film thickness can be controlled to obtain films with different transparency rates for different light sources. It can also increase the range of coating materials and reduce costs.

[0007] Furthermore, a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component made of a transparent substrate for automotive lights includes the following steps: Step S1, substrate cleaning: The surface of the transparent substrate is cleaned by blowing it clean with a handheld electrostatic air gun, and then the surface of the transparent substrate is plasma cleaned by using a magnetron sputtering device in a vacuum environment with the inert gas glow discharge effect; wherein the discharge low vacuum degree is 3.0-6.0 Pa, the inert gas flow rate is 400-800 sccm, the discharge power is 2.0-4.0 KW, and the cleaning time is 0.5-1.0 minutes.

[0008] Furthermore, a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component using a transparent substrate for automotive headlights includes the following steps: Step S2, primer spraying: The transparent substrate is heated using circulating hot air to remove internal residual stress. Then, a primer is atomized and sprayed onto the transparent substrate using a spray gun with a large volume of low-pressure compressed air. Infrared heating is then performed, followed by photocuring to obtain a primer film. The process parameters in step S2 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spray distance 15–20 cm, spraying speed 30–60 cm / s, primer flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 50–60 °C, heating time 6–10 min; photocuring parameters are: UVA: 1000–1200 mJ / cm². 2 Light intensity: 80~150mW / cm 2 .

[0009] Furthermore, a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps: Step S3, primary coating: using the transparent substrate as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, an inert gas of 0.1 to 10.0 Pa is introduced into a vacuum chamber and a DC negative high voltage of 1.0 to 3.0 KV or a 13.56 MHz radio frequency voltage is applied to the cathode target to excite the inert gas to generate glow discharge and bombard the target for sputter coating, so as to deposit a uniform first metal film layer on the primer film layer; Among them, the vacuum degree of vapor deposition is ≤6.0×10 -3 Pa, sputtering power of 25-35KW, sputtering time of 25-35 seconds, and rotation speed of coating fixture of 35-45Hz.

[0010] Furthermore, a process for preparing a transparent substrate light-emitting exterior component for automotive lights includes: Step S4, a single intermediate paint spraying: using a spray gun, a large volume of low-pressure compressed air is used to atomize and spray the first intermediate paint onto the first metal film layer, followed by infrared heating and photocuring to obtain the first intermediate paint film layer; wherein, the process parameters in step S4 are as follows: compressed air pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPa, spray width is 8-12 cm, spraying distance is 15-20 cm, moving speed during spraying is 30-60 cm / s, first intermediate paint flow rate is 1.5-2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature is 60-70℃, and heating time is 6-10 min; the photocuring parameters are: UVA: 300-500 mJ / cm 2 Light intensity: 60~90mW / cm 2 .

[0011] Furthermore, a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps includes: Step S5, secondary coating: using the transparent substrate as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, an inert gas of 0.1 to 10.0 Pa is introduced into a vacuum chamber and a DC negative high voltage of 1.0 to 3.0 KV or a 13.56 MHz radio frequency voltage is applied to the cathode target to excite the inert gas to generate glow discharge and bombard the target for sputter coating, so as to deposit a uniform second metal film layer on the first intermediate paint film layer; Among them, the vacuum degree of vapor deposition is ≤6.0×10 -3 Pa, sputtering power of 25-35KW, sputtering time of 25-35 seconds, and rotation speed of coating fixture of 35-45Hz.

[0012] Furthermore, a process for preparing a transparent substrate light-emitting exterior component for automotive lights includes: Step S6, secondary intermediate paint spraying: using a spray gun, a second intermediate paint is atomized and sprayed onto the second metal film layer using a large volume of low-pressure compressed air, followed by infrared heating and photocuring to obtain the second intermediate paint film layer; wherein, the process parameters in step S6 are as follows: compressed air pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPa, spray width is 8-12 cm, spraying distance is 15-20 cm, moving speed during spraying is 30-60 cm / s, second intermediate paint flow rate is 1.5-2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature is 60-70℃, and heating time is 6-10 min; the photocuring parameters are: UVA: 300-500 mJ / cm 2 Light intensity: 60~90mW / cm 2 .

[0013] Furthermore, a process for preparing a light-emitting exterior part of a transparent substrate for automotive lights: Step S7, topcoat spraying: using a spray gun, a large volume of low-pressure compressed air is used to spray the topcoat onto the second intermediate paint film layer, followed by infrared heating and light curing, and then thermal curing to obtain the topcoat film layer. The process parameters in step S7 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, spraying speed 30–60 cm / s, primer flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 2500–3000 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 100~150mW / cm 2 The thermosetting temperature is 60-70℃, and the curing time is 10-20 minutes.

[0014] The present invention also provides a light-emitting exterior trim part made of a transparent substrate for vehicle lights, which is manufactured by the above-described process. The light-emitting exterior trim part includes a transparent substrate and a primer film layer, a first metal film layer, a first intermediate paint film layer, a second metal film layer, a second intermediate paint film layer and a topcoat film layer sequentially stacked on the transparent substrate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a process for manufacturing luminous exterior parts with transparent substrates for automotive headlights. By employing a double-layer metal film structure, it solves the problems of high cost and color matching associated with traditional processes that require excessively thick metal coatings to conceal pinholes. The process utilizes a complete paint system (including primer, intermediate coat, and topcoat) to effectively isolate the metal film layer, protecting it from damage and improving its adhesion, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the coating process. Through optimization of process parameters, this invention allows for control over the film thickness, resulting in exterior parts that are statically opaque but translucent when illuminated. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-emitting exterior trim part made of transparent substrate for vehicle lights prepared in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0018] The markings in the image are as follows: 1-Transparent substrate, 2-Primer film layer, 3-First metal film layer, 4-First intermediate film layer, 5-Second metal film layer, 6-Second intermediate film layer, 7-Topcoat film layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Moreover, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] This embodiment 1 provides a process for manufacturing a light-emitting exterior part with a transparent substrate for automotive lamps, characterized in that the process includes the following steps: S1. Substrate cleaning: The surface of the transparent substrate 1 is cleaned by blowing with a handheld electrostatic air gun to ensure that the surface of the transparent substrate 1 meets the cleanliness requirements. Then, the surface of the transparent substrate 1 is plasma cleaned by using a magnetron sputtering device in a vacuum environment with the glow discharge effect of inert gas (argon). This not only ensures the high cleanliness of the substrate surface, but also effectively enhances the adhesion between the substrate and the subsequent film layer. The specific process parameters are as follows: discharge low vacuum degree is 3.0~6.0Pa, argon flow rate is 400~800sccm, discharge power is 2.0~4.0KW, and cleaning time is 0.5~1.0 minutes; S2, Primer spraying: The transparent substrate 1 is heated by circulating hot air to effectively remove residual stress inside the substrate. Then, the primer is sprayed by spray gun. The primer is atomized and sprayed on the transparent substrate 1 by a large volume of low-pressure compressed air. Then, infrared heating is performed and finally light curing is performed to obtain primer film layer 2. The specific process parameters for step S2 are as follows: compressed air pressure: 0.3–0.6 MPa; spray width: 8–12 cm; spraying distance: 15–20 cm; moving speed during spraying: 30–60 cm / s; primer flow rate: 1.5–2.0 L / min; infrared heating temperature: 50–60℃; heating time: 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 1000–1200 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 80~150mW / cm 2 ; S3. First coating: Using the transparent substrate 1 as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, an inert gas of 0.1 to 10.0 Pa is introduced into the vacuum chamber and a DC negative high voltage of 1.0 to 3.0 KV or a radio frequency voltage of 13.56 MHz is applied to the cathode target to excite the inert gas to generate glow discharge and bombard the target for sputtering coating, so as to deposit a uniform first metal film 3 on the primer film layer 2. The specific process parameters for step S3 are as follows: vapor deposition vacuum degree ≤ 6.0 × 10⁻⁶ -3 Pa, sputtering power of 25-35KW, sputtering time of 25-35 seconds, and rotation speed of coating fixture of 35-45Hz, that is, rotation speed of transparent substrate 1 of 35-45Hz; S4. First intermediate paint spraying: The intermediate paint is sprayed through a spray gun. The first intermediate paint is atomized and sprayed on the first metal film layer 3 using a large volume of low-pressure compressed air. Then, infrared heating and light curing are performed to obtain the first intermediate paint film layer 4. The specific process parameters for step S4 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, moving speed during spraying 30–60 cm / s, first intermediate paint flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 300–500 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 60~90mW / cm 2 ; S5. Secondary coating: Using the transparent substrate 1 as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, an inert gas of 0.1 to 10.0 Pa is introduced into the vacuum chamber, and a DC negative high voltage of 1.0 to 3.0 KV or a radio frequency voltage of 13.56 MHz is applied to the cathode target to excite the inert gas to generate glow discharge and bombard the target for sputter coating, so as to deposit a uniform second metal film layer 5 on the first intermediate paint film layer 4. The specific process parameters for step S5 are as follows: vapor deposition vacuum degree ≤ 6.0 × 10⁻⁶ -3 Pa, sputtering power of 25-35KW, sputtering time of 25-35 seconds, and rotation speed of coating fixture of 35-45Hz, that is, rotation speed of transparent substrate 1 of 35-45Hz; S6. Secondary intermediate paint spraying: The intermediate paint is sprayed through a spray gun. The second intermediate paint is atomized and sprayed on the second metal film layer 5 using a large volume of low-pressure compressed air. Then, infrared heating and light curing are performed to obtain the second intermediate paint film layer 6. The specific process parameters for step S6 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, moving speed during spraying 30–60 cm / s, second intermediate paint flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 300–500 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 60~90mW / cm 2 ; S7. Topcoat Spraying: Topcoat is sprayed using a spray gun. High-volume, low-pressure compressed air is used to atomize and spray the topcoat onto the second intermediate paint film layer 6. Infrared heating and light curing are then performed, followed by thermal curing (a dual-curing process) to obtain the topcoat film layer 7. This produces a transparent substrate light-emitting exterior part for automotive lights, comprising a transparent substrate 1 and, sequentially, a primer film layer 2, a first metal film layer 3, a first intermediate paint film layer 4, a second metal film layer 5, a second intermediate paint film layer 6, and a topcoat film layer 7, all stacked on the transparent substrate 1. Figure 1 As shown; The specific process parameters for step S7 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, moving speed during spraying 30–60 cm / s, primer flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 2500–3000 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 100~150mW / cm 2 The thermosetting temperature is 60-70℃, and the curing time is 10-20 minutes.

[0023] Specifically, the "primer spraying" process in step S2 of the above embodiment 1 aims to cover injection molding defects on the surface of the transparent substrate 1 and improve surface smoothness. The specific process of this step is as follows: First, in the pretreatment stage, a hot air circulation heating process is adopted—the hot air is continuously circulated in the drying tunnel by a fan, thereby effectively removing residual stress inside the transparent substrate 1 and avoiding product cracking or paint layer defects after spraying; then, the spraying stage is entered, and the primer is sprayed by a spray gun, using ultra-low pressure compressed air with a large air volume to achieve efficient atomization spraying of the primer; next, infrared heating is implemented to promote the paint to spread evenly on the lampshade surface, forming a dense and smooth paint film, while building a penetration layer and accelerating solvent evaporation; finally, the light curing stage is entered, the core principle of which is to use the ultraviolet light energy released by the UV lamp to trigger the polymerization and cross-linking curing reaction between the low molecular weight substances and the diluent in the primer coating, and finally form a hard primer film layer 2. This process is essentially achieved by chemical drying through the formation of chemical bonds.

[0024] The sputtering coating in step S3 is a technique in which charged particles bombard the surface of a target material in a vacuum environment, causing the bombarded target atoms or molecules to be deposited on the surface of a transparent substrate 1 to form a thin film. This process uses low-pressure inert gas glow discharge as an ion source, wherein the cathode target material is made of the material to be deposited, and the transparent substrate 1 serves as the anode. After 0.1 to 10.0 Pa of argon or other inert gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber, a DC negative high voltage of 1 to 3 kV or a 13.56 MHz radio frequency voltage is applied to the cathode (target material, made of Ag or Cr) to excite the gas to generate glow discharge. During the discharge process, the argon ions generated by ionization bombard the surface of the target material under the action of the electric field, causing the target atoms or molecules to be sputtered out and deposited on the surface of the substrate to form a uniform first metal film layer 3.

[0025] The “one-time intermediate paint spraying” process in step S4 works on the same principle as step S2. This process mainly achieves two objectives: on the one hand, by forming the first intermediate paint film layer 4 as a protective layer, the first metal film layer 3 and the second metal film layer 5 are effectively isolated, thereby ensuring that the first metal film layer 3 is not damaged; on the other hand, the adhesion of the second metal film layer 5 is enhanced, thereby improving the overall implementation effect of the coating process.

[0026] The technical principle of the "secondary coating" process in step S5 is the same as that in step S3. The main purpose of implementing the secondary coating is to solve the pinhole defect problem that is common in the current exterior decoration process. It covers the pinholes generated by the first coating, effectively preventing the occurrence of light transmission and light leakage. Compared with the traditional thick metal coating, the present invention effectively reduces the film thickness and thus reduces the cost, so that the film thickness can achieve a state of static opacity and light transmission when lit.

[0027] The technical principle of the "secondary intermediate coat spraying" process in step S6 is the same as that in step S4. The purpose of implementing the secondary intermediate coat treatment is to achieve a dual function: on the one hand, to form a protective isolation layer between the second metal film layer 5 and the topcoat film layer 7 to ensure the structural integrity of the second metal film layer 5; on the other hand, to improve the adhesion performance of the topcoat and further optimize the overall spraying quality.

[0028] The "topcoat spraying" process in step S7 operates on the same principle as step S2, aiming to achieve multiple functional characteristics of the exterior coating, including precise color matching, excellent abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, scratch resistance, and high-temperature sun protection. It also provides effective protection for the second metal film layer 5, ensuring its integrity remains intact. Furthermore, to increase the stability of the topcoat, this step involves double curing: after the UV curing stage, the topcoat undergoes heat curing. Since rapid cross-linking of molecular chains after UV curing may generate internal stress, the subsequent heating acts as an annealing process. This allows the molecular chain segments to gain energy for relaxation and rearrangement, significantly reducing internal stress and thus improving the adhesion and flexibility of the paint film, preventing later cracking or peeling.

[0029] The process provided by this invention for manufacturing luminous exterior parts with transparent substrates for automotive lights addresses the light leakage and transmission issues caused by pinhole defects in the exterior parts in a way that differs from traditional processes. Traditional processes mainly rely on depositing a thick metal coating on the exterior parts, but this method significantly increases manufacturing costs due to the use of excessively thick metal coatings. This solution, however, uses a double-layer metal film and a double-coating protection scheme to solve the cost and color matching problems caused by the excessively thick metal coating used in traditional processes to cover pinholes. This solution employs a complete paint system to meet the requirements of exterior color matching, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, ultimately achieving an ideal optical state where the exterior coating is statically opaque but translucent when illuminated.

[0030] The above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for manufacturing luminescent exterior parts using a transparent substrate for automotive lamps, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: S1. Substrate cleaning: The surface of the transparent substrate (1) is blown clean and then plasma cleaning is performed. S2, Primer spraying: The transparent substrate (1) is heated to remove internal residual stress, and then primer atomization spraying, infrared heating and light curing are performed in sequence to obtain primer film layer (2). S3, First coating: The transparent substrate (1) is used as the anode, and the metal film material to be deposited is used as the cathode target. Sputtering is performed under vacuum conditions to deposit a uniform first metal film (3) on the primer film layer (2). S4, First intermediate paint spraying: The first intermediate paint is sprayed by atomization, infrared heating and light curing are performed on the first metal film layer (3) in sequence to obtain the first intermediate paint film layer (4). S5. Secondary coating: The transparent substrate (1) is used as the anode, and the metal film material to be deposited is used as the cathode target. Sputtering is performed under vacuum conditions to deposit a uniform second metal film (5) on the first intermediate paint film layer (4). S6, Secondary intermediate paint spraying: The second intermediate paint is sprayed by atomization, infrared heating and light curing are performed on the second metal film layer (5) in sequence to obtain the second intermediate paint film layer (6); S7. Topcoat spraying: Topcoat atomization spraying, infrared heating and light curing are performed sequentially on the second intermediate paint film layer (6), and then heat curing is performed to obtain the topcoat film layer (7) and produce the light-emitting exterior part of the transparent substrate of the car lamp.

2. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1, Substrate cleaning: Use a handheld electrostatic air gun to clean the surface of the transparent substrate (1), and then use a magnetron sputtering device to perform plasma cleaning treatment on the surface of the transparent substrate (1) in a vacuum environment using the glow discharge effect of inert gas. The discharge low vacuum degree is 3.0–6.0 Pa, the inert gas flow rate is 400–800 sccm, the discharge power is 2.0–4.0 KW, and the cleaning time is 0.5–1.0 minutes.

3. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2, Primer spraying: The transparent substrate (1) is heated by circulating hot air to remove internal residual stress. Then, the primer is sprayed on the transparent substrate (1) by a spray gun using a large volume of low-pressure compressed air. Infrared heating is then performed, and finally photocuring is performed to obtain a primer film layer (2). The process parameters in step S2 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, moving speed during spraying 30–60 cm / s, primer flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 50–60 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 1000–1200 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 80~150mW / cm 2 .

4. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3, First coating: The transparent substrate (1) is used as the anode, and the metal film material to be deposited is used as the cathode target. An inert gas of 0.1 to 10.0 Pa is introduced into the vacuum chamber, and a DC negative high voltage of 1.0 to 3.0 KV or a radio frequency voltage of 13.56 MHz is applied to the cathode target to excite the inert gas to generate glow discharge and bombard the target for sputtering coating, so as to deposit a uniform first metal film layer (3) on the primer film layer (2). Among them, the vacuum degree of vapor deposition is ≤6.0×10 -3 Pa, sputtering power of 25-35KW, sputtering time of 25-35 seconds, and rotation speed of coating fixture of 35-45Hz.

5. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4, First intermediate paint spraying: Using a spray gun, a large volume of low-pressure compressed air is used to spray the first intermediate paint onto the first metal film layer (3), followed by infrared heating and light curing to obtain the first intermediate paint film layer (4). The process parameters in step S4 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, moving speed during spraying 30–60 cm / s, first paint flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 300–500 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 60~90mW / cm 2 .

6. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5, Secondary Coating: Using the transparent substrate (1) as the anode and the metal film material to be deposited as the cathode target, an inert gas of 0.1 to 10.0 Pa is introduced into the vacuum chamber and a DC negative high voltage of 1.0 to 3.0 KV or a radio frequency voltage of 13.56 MHz is applied to the cathode target to excite the inert gas to generate glow discharge and bombard the target for sputtering coating, so as to deposit a uniform second metal film layer (5) on the first intermediate paint film layer (4). Among them, the vacuum degree of vapor deposition is ≤6.0×10 -3 Pa, sputtering power of 25-35KW, sputtering time of 25-35 seconds, and rotation speed of coating fixture of 35-45Hz.

7. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6, Secondary intermediate paint spraying: Using a spray gun, a large volume of low-pressure compressed air is used to spray the second intermediate paint onto the second metal film layer (5), followed by infrared heating and light curing to obtain the second intermediate paint film layer (6). The process parameters in step S6 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, spraying speed 30–60 cm / s, second paint flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 300–500 mJ / cm². 2 Light intensity: 60~90mW / cm 2 .

8. The process for preparing a light-emitting exterior component based on a transparent substrate for automotive lamps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7, Topcoat spraying: Using a spray gun, a large volume of low-pressure compressed air is used to spray the topcoat onto the second intermediate paint film layer (6), followed by infrared heating and light curing, and then heat curing to obtain the topcoat film layer (7). The process parameters in step S7 are as follows: compressed air pressure 0.3–0.6 MPa, spray width 8–12 cm, spraying distance 15–20 cm, spraying speed 30–60 cm / s, primer flow rate 1.5–2.0 L / min, infrared heating temperature 60–70 °C, heating time 6–10 min; UV curing parameters: UVA: 2500–3000 mJ / cm² 2 Light intensity: 100~150mW / cm 2 The thermosetting temperature is 60-70℃, and the curing time is 10-20 minutes.

9. A light-emitting exterior trim part made of a transparent substrate for vehicle lights, characterized in that, The luminous exterior component is manufactured using the process described in any one of claims 1 to 8. It includes a transparent substrate (1) and a primer film layer (2), a first metal film layer (3), a first intermediate paint film layer (4), a second metal film layer (5), a second intermediate paint film layer (6), and a topcoat film layer (7) sequentially stacked on the transparent substrate (1).

Images