Adjustable ecological flow discharging device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering ecological discharge equipment, in particular to an adjustable and controllable ecological flow discharge device which comprises a dam body arranged in a riverbed foundation and further comprises a water diversion pipeline arranged in the dam body in a communicating mode. The flashboard part comprises a limiting frame arranged at the drainage end of the water diversion pipeline, a flashboard body is vertically inserted into the limiting frame in a sliding mode, and a gradual change through hole corresponding to the position of the water diversion pipeline and used for drainage is formed in the flashboard body; each buoy driving assembly comprises a guide pipe arranged at the downstream of the dam body and a buoy body inserted into the guide pipe; according to the device, active regulation and control of the ecological flow of the downstream river channel can be achieved, stepless and continuous regulation of the discharged flow can be achieved through linkage of the gradual change through hole and the buoy body, it is ensured that the flow of the downstream river channel can be actively fed back in time and stabilized within the preset ecological requirement range, the control precision is high, and the response speed is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological flow discharge equipment for water conservancy and hydropower projects, specifically to an adjustable ecological flow discharge device. Background Technology

[0002] Rivers are the lifeblood of regional ecosystems, maintaining the survival of aquatic organisms, river channel stability, and the ecological balance of the basin. While damming and water storage can bring significant benefits such as flood control, power generation, and irrigation, it can also alter the natural hydrological conditions of rivers, disrupt the connectivity and flow rhythm of downstream sections, and cause ecological problems such as river channel shrinkage and habitat destruction. To mitigate the adverse effects of damming, releasing water downstream to meet ecological needs has become a key measure for water conservancy projects to safeguard the ecological health of the basin.

[0003] Currently, common ecological flow release technologies are as follows: First, fixed ecological water pipes, whose flow depends entirely on the upstream reservoir water level. Excessive flow during the wet season leads to water waste, while insufficient flow or even flow interruption during the dry season fails to meet dynamic ecological water demand. Second, gate-controlled discharge, which controls the discharge flow by adjusting the opening of the tailrace gate or floodgate of the power station. It is flexible in adjustment but has significant drawbacks. Operation relies on hydraulic or electric systems, resulting in high energy consumption and costs. The scheduling focuses on power generation and flood control, and the reliability of ecological flow guarantee is insufficient. Third, natural fishway or bypass valves, whose core function is biological migration with incidental discharge, suffer from high cost, complex structure, and large footprint. They have weak flow regulation capabilities and are difficult to cope with the flow control needs under wide water level fluctuations.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies face problems such as high cost, reliance on external power, and poor reliability. There is a lack of a device that can respond to changes in water conditions in real time and actively and continuously adjust the discharge flow based on the actual ecological water demand downstream, without the need for external power. In view of this, we propose an adjustable ecological flow discharge device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings mentioned in the background section and provide an adjustable ecological flow discharge device.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adjustable ecological flow discharge device includes a dam body installed in the riverbed foundation, and further includes: A water diversion pipeline is installed within the dam body; The gate section includes a limiting frame disposed at the discharge end of the water intake pipe, a gate plate body is vertically slidably inserted into the limiting frame, and the gate plate body is provided with a gradually changing through hole corresponding to the position of the water intake pipe for discharge. At least one float drive assembly includes a guide pipe disposed downstream of the dam body and a float body inserted in the guide pipe for synchronously rising and falling with the liquid level. The discharge control assembly includes a rope for connecting the buoy body and the gate plate, and a pulley system installed on the rope for reducing resistance; When the float body rises or falls with the liquid level, it drives the gate plate to rise or fall synchronously.

[0007] Preferably, the gradient through-hole adopts an inverted V-shaped structure in which the discharge spacing gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting frame is fixedly installed on the riverbed foundation, and a limiting cavity is vertically provided inside the limiting frame; The gate plate has floats detachably installed on both sides, and multiple guide wheels are rotatably installed on the floats. The gate plate with the floats and guide wheels installed is slidably inserted into the limiting cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the upstream and downstream sides of the limiting frame are respectively provided with water passage holes and drainage openings that communicate with the limiting cavity, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the water passage holes.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the limiting cavity is provided with a vertically arranged guide groove, and the gate plate is provided with a guide block for sliding insertion along the guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the pulley block includes a hoisting pulley installed at the middle of the top of the gate plate, and a first positioning pulley installed on the spillway side of the dam body, wherein a second positioning pulley is installed at the outer end of the spillway side of the dam body via a pulley bracket; The first positioning pulley and the second positioning pulley are respectively located on both sides of the hoisting pulley; A third positioning pulley is installed on the riverbed foundation between the limiting frame and the pontoon drive assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the two ends of the rope are fixedly connected to the first positioning pulley and the float body, respectively; The rope is sequentially wound around the hoisting pulley, the second positioning pulley, and the third positioning pulley along the wheel groove.

[0013] Preferably, the guide tube body is provided with a water inlet hole, and a mud-blocking sleeve located outside the water inlet hole is fitted on the guide tube; The guide tube has a support wheel mounted on its top edge via a support frame to support the rope and prevent friction.

[0014] Preferably, a drain valve is installed at the upstream inlet end of the water diversion pipeline, and a protective grille is installed outside the water diversion pipeline.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This adjustable ecological flow discharge device can realize the active regulation of the ecological flow of the downstream river channel. Through the linkage between the gradual through hole and the float body, it can realize the stepless and continuous adjustment of the discharge flow, ensuring that the downstream river flow can be timely and actively fed back and stabilized within the preset ecological demand range. It has high control precision and fast response speed. 2. The entire control process of this device utilizes the buoyancy of water as a power source, requiring no external electricity or complex hydraulic and control systems; moreover, the device has a reliable structure, low failure rate, is easy to maintain, has low application cost, and is widely applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship of the gate section of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation relationship between the guide tube and the mudguard sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0017] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Riverbed foundation; 2. Dam body; 3. Water diversion pipeline; 4. Limiting frame; 401. Discharge opening; 5. Gate plate; 6. Gradient through hole; 7. Float drive assembly; 701. Guide pipe; 702. Float body; 8. Pulley block; 801. First positioning pulley; 802. Second positioning pulley; 803. Pulley bracket; 804. Third positioning pulley; 9. Discharge valve; 10. Protective grid; 11. Water passage hole; 12. Guide block; 13. Guide groove; 14. Float; 15. Guide wheel; 16. Limiting cavity; 17. Lifting pulley; 18. Rope; 19. Counterweight; 20. Water inlet; 21. Mud retaining sleeve; 22. Support frame; 23. Support wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention will describe the above technical solution in detail through the following embodiments: This embodiment of the ecological flow discharge device is used to proactively and promptly discharge water according to the downstream liquid level to achieve ecological water replenishment. Specifically, it includes a dam body 2 installed in the riverbed foundation 1. In this embodiment, a water diversion pipe 3 is installed inside the dam body 2 to provide ecological water for discharge. However, considering the need for adjustable discharge function, a discharge valve 9 is installed at the upstream inlet end of the water diversion pipe 3, and a protective grille 10 is installed externally. The discharge valve 9 is used to completely cut off the water source in case the device needs maintenance or in an emergency to ensure operational safety. The protective grille 10 can effectively intercept large floating objects such as branches and garbage to prevent blockage of the pipe and subsequent control components, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system.

[0020] Therefore, this embodiment includes a gate section, wherein the limiting frame 4 is fixedly installed on the riverbed foundation 1 by pre-embedded parts in the foundation or high-strength anchor bolts to ensure its stability under the impact of water flow. A limiting cavity 16 is vertically provided in the limiting frame 4. The limiting cavity 16 is provided with a water passage hole 11 and a discharge opening 401 communicating with the limiting cavity 16 on its inner and outer sides, respectively. One end of the water intake pipe 3 is sealed to the water passage hole 11 by flange connection or welding to prevent water leakage and ensure that all flow is metered and controlled through the limiting frame 4. The discharged water will be discharged through the discharge opening 401. Considering how to achieve continuous discharge regulation, this embodiment provides a gradually changing through hole 6 on the gate plate 5 that corresponds to the position of the water intake pipe 3 for discharge.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7The structure shown includes detachable floats 14 on both sides of the gate plate 5. The floats 14 provide buoyancy to offset part of the gate plate 5's weight, allowing for a faster response to changes in liquid level and improving the smoothness of the lifting and lowering. To further reduce lifting friction, guide wheels 15 are rotatably mounted on the floats 14 to fit against the limiting cavity 16. A vertically arranged guide groove 13 is provided on the inner wall of the limiting cavity 16, and a guide block 12 is provided on the gate plate 5 for sliding along the guide groove 13. The guide wheel 15 rolls within the limiting cavity 16, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the resistance to movement and makes the gate plate 5 rise and fall more smoothly. At the same time, it precisely restricts the gate plate 5 to move only in the vertical direction, preventing it from swaying back and forth or left and right. The gradual through hole 6 adopts an inverted V-shaped structure with the discharge spacing gradually decreasing from bottom to top. When the downstream liquid level is insufficient, it can cooperate with the counterweight 19 installed on the rope 18 to complete the lifting of the gate plate 5, that is, the discharge channel becomes larger to discharge and replenish the water source. Conversely, it reduces the replenishment until it closes.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 The structure shown includes two float drive assemblies 7, including a guide pipe 701 located downstream of the dam body 2, and a float body 702 inserted into the guide pipe 701 for synchronously rising and falling with the liquid level. The guide pipe 701 has a water inlet hole 20. In this embodiment, a mud-blocking sleeve 21 located outside the water inlet hole 20 is fitted on the guide pipe 701 to maintain liquid level communication. In practical applications, the flowing water will not cause accumulation, and the mud-blocking sleeve 21 can act as a buffer barrier to prevent some impurities from clogging the water inlet hole 20 due to impact.

[0023] To achieve the liquid level linkage effect, when the float body 702 rises or falls with the liquid level, it drives the gate plate 5 to rise or fall synchronously; a discharge control component is provided, including a rope 18 for connecting the float body 702 and the gate plate 5, and a pulley group 8 installed on the rope 18 to reduce resistance.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pulley block 8 includes a hoisting pulley 17 installed at the top center of the gate plate 5, and a first positioning pulley 801 installed on the spillway side of the dam body 2. A second positioning pulley 802 is installed at the outer end of the spillway side of the dam body 2 via a pulley bracket 803. To achieve hoisting stability, the first positioning pulley 801 and the second positioning pulley 802 are respectively located on both sides of the symmetrically arranged hoisting pulley 17. A third positioning pulley 804 is installed on the riverbed foundation 1 and located between the spillway end of the limiting frame 4 and the float drive assembly 7. One end of the rope 18 is fixed to the first positioning pulley 801 and is wound around the hoisting pulley 17, the second positioning pulley 802 and the third positioning pulley 804 along the wheel groove. The other end is fixedly connected to the float body 702. To avoid wear with the guide pipe 701, a support wheel 23 is rotatably installed at the top edge of the guide pipe 701 via a support frame 22. The rope 18 is supported on the support wheel 23 to achieve friction-reducing lifting.

[0025] In this embodiment, the hoisting pulley 17 is used as a movable pulley. Utilizing the labor-saving principle of the movable pulley, it is beneficial to balance gravity, enabling the float body 702 to sensitively drive the gate plate 5 to achieve discharge regulation according to changes in liquid level. The working principle of the ecological flow discharge device in this application is as follows: After the device is installed and debugged, taking the downstream water level as the target ecological water level as an example, at this time, the buoyancy of the float body 702, the weight of the counterweight 19, and the weight of the gate plate 5 reach a dynamic balance. The gate plate 5 is stationary, and the gradual through hole 6 on it exposes a specific flow area. The discharge flow just maintains the target water level. The regulation process when the downstream water level drops: When the downstream water consumption increases or the inflow decreases, causing the downstream water level to drop, the float body 702 descends within the guide pipe 701. As the float body 702 descends, it exerts a force on the pulley block 8 through the rope 18, causing the original dynamic balance to become unbalanced. The rope 18 pulls the pulley block 8, which in turn generates a lifting force on the hanging pulley 17 on the gate plate 5. Under the action of the net lifting force, the gate plate 5 moves upward. As the gate plate 5 moves upward, the larger part of the gradual through hole 6 is aligned with the flow channel, the flow area increases continuously, and the discharge flow increases. The increased discharge flow gradually caused the downstream water level to rise, and the float body 702 also rose accordingly until a new dynamic balance was restored, realizing the cycle control of water level drop-flow increase-water level stabilization. When downstream rainfall or reduced water usage causes the water level to rise, the float rises within the guide pipe 701. As the float rises, the rope 18 slackens, reducing its lifting force on the gate plate 5. The gate plate 5 moves downward, causing the smaller portion of the gradually changing through-hole 6 to align with the flow channel, continuously reducing the flow area and decreasing the downstream flow rate.

[0026] This device uses a series of interconnected mechanisms, including the float body 702 sensing the water level, the pulley group 8 transmitting signals and balancing forces, and the gate plate 5 changing the flow area, to construct a device that requires no external power, can adapt to changes in downstream water volume, and achieves precise and stepless ecological flow discharge.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable ecological flow discharge device, comprising a dam body (2) installed in a riverbed foundation (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A water diversion pipeline (3) is installed inside the dam body (2); The gate section includes a limiting frame (4) disposed at the discharge end of the water intake pipe (3), a gate plate body (5) is vertically slidably inserted in the limiting frame (4), and the gate plate body (5) is provided with a gradually changing through hole (6) corresponding to the position of the water intake pipe (3) for discharge. At least one float drive assembly (7) includes a guide pipe (701) disposed downstream of the dam body (2) and a float body (702) inserted in the guide pipe (701) for synchronously rising and falling with the liquid level. The discharge control assembly includes a rope (18) for connecting the float body (702) and the gate plate (5), and a pulley assembly (8) mounted on the rope (18) for reducing resistance. When the float body (702) rises or falls with the liquid level, it drives the gate plate (5) to rise or fall synchronously.

2. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gradient through hole (6) adopts an inverted V-shaped structure in which the discharge spacing gradually decreases from bottom to top.

3. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting frame (4) is fixedly installed on the riverbed foundation (1), and a limiting cavity (16) is vertically provided inside the limiting frame (4). The gate plate (5) has floats (14) detachably installed on both sides. Multiple guide wheels (15) are rotatably installed on the floats (14). The gate plate (5) with the floats (14) and guide wheels (15) installed is slidably inserted into the limiting cavity (16).

4. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of the limiting frame (4) are respectively provided with a water passage hole (11) and a discharge opening (401) that are connected to the limiting cavity (16), and the water pipe (3) is connected to the water passage hole (11).

5. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the limiting cavity (16) is provided with a vertically arranged guide groove (13), and the gate plate (5) is provided with a guide block (12) for sliding insertion along the guide groove (13).

6. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pulley block (8) includes a hoisting pulley (17) installed at the middle of the top of the gate plate (5) and a first positioning pulley (801) installed on the spillway side of the dam body (2). A second positioning pulley (802) is installed at the outer end of the spillway side of the dam body (2) through a pulley bracket (803). The first positioning pulley (801) and the second positioning pulley (802) are located on both sides of the hoisting pulley (17); The riverbed foundation (1) is equipped with a third positioning pulley (804) located between the limiting frame (4) and the pontoon drive assembly (7).

7. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the rope (18) are fixedly connected to the first positioning pulley (801) and the float body (702), respectively; The rope (18) is sequentially wound around the hoisting pulley (17), the second positioning pulley (802) and the third positioning pulley (804) along the wheel groove.

8. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide tube (701) has a water inlet hole (20) on its body, and a mudguard sleeve (21) located outside the water inlet hole (20) is fitted on the guide tube (701). The guide tube (701) has a support wheel (23) mounted on the top edge of the tube body via a support frame (22) to support the rope (18) and prevent friction.

9. The adjustable ecological flow discharge device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A drain valve (9) is installed at the upstream inlet end of the water diversion pipe (3), and a protective grille (10) is installed outside the water diversion pipe (3).

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