Built-in porous valve unit

Abstract

The invention provides a built-in porous valve unit which is characterized in that a base is provided with a through hole, and the valve unit is arranged in the through hole; the valve unit comprises an outer spherical shell and an inner spherical column, the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical column are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the through hole, and the outer spherical shell is close to the air inlet side of the through hole relative to the inner spherical column; the inner spherical column is fixedly connected with the base, the outer spherical shell can do linear motion in the axis direction of the through hole, and the wave absorbing effect can be achieved after the outer spherical shell makes contact with the inner spherical column. The valve unit adopts the structure that the outer spherical shell is matched with the inner spherical column, the strength is reliable, the layout is compact, the mass of the valve unit is obviously reduced, the closing stroke of the valve unit is reduced, and the wave absorbing rate of the valve is improved. According to the valve unit, the buffer ring is arranged, so that plastic deformation generated after the outer spherical shell collides with the base at a high speed in the wave absorbing process is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protective equipment in protective engineering, and in particular to a built-in multi-hole type valve unit. Background Technology

[0002] Blast wave shields are protective devices installed at the inlets and outlets of air and smoke ducts in protected engineering projects to block or weaken blast waves. They are normally open to ensure normal ventilation; when the ventilation opening is subjected to an explosive impact load, the shield closes rapidly under the force of the blast wave, thereby ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel inside the project.

[0003] Blast-proof valves should not only have a high wave-damping rate, but also fully consider the design strength of the valve's moving parts to prevent damage to the valve due to high-speed impacts, which would affect its ability to restore ventilation. The design typically requires the inclusion of certain buffering and energy-absorbing measures to effectively dissipate impact energy through the large deformation of the buffering and energy-absorbing components.

[0004] Because the propagation direction of shock waves within the protective engineering passage is uncertain, existing blast wave valves (such as swing valves and hose valves) can only be driven to close quickly when the shock wave acts in the positive direction on the outer end face of the valve's moving parts (such as the outer end face of the swing plate or the outer end face of the hose). To solve this problem, the entire valve base usually needs to be recessed into the door frame wall. However, this design method not only increases the difficulty of hinge installation and debugging, but also significantly increases the engineering construction cost.

[0005] A valve unit is the smallest ventilation component on a valve that provides complete ventilation and wave-damping functions. To reduce valve weight and increase closing speed, multiple valve units are typically mounted on a single valve base, such as the ventilation hose on a hose valve or the swing plate on a swing valve. The valve unit significantly impacts the valve's ventilation and wave-damping performance, requiring a balance between lightweight design and strength. It must minimize the closing stroke of the ventilation openings for rapid closure while ensuring sufficient ventilation area to meet ventilation requirements.

[0006] Therefore, in order to meet the above requirements of the valve unit, the explosion-proof valve unit needs to be optimized. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a built-in multi-hole type valve unit, which has reliable wave-damping performance, can achieve wave-damping in different directions, and has good ventilation performance.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An internal multi-hole type valve unit is disclosed. The valve unit is disposed on a valve, which has a base for mounting the valve unit. The base has a through hole, and the valve unit is embedded in the through hole. The valve unit includes an outer spherical shell and an inner spherical column, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the through hole. The outer spherical shell is closer to the air inlet side of the through hole than the inner spherical column. The inner spherical column is fixedly connected to the base, and the outer spherical shell can move linearly along the axial direction of the through hole. When the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical column come into contact, they can play a role in wave damping.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole type valve unit, from the air outlet side to the air inlet side of the through hole, the through hole includes a first circular hole, a second circular hole, and a third circular hole arranged sequentially with increasing diameters. The axes of the first circular hole, the second circular hole, and the third circular hole are collinear. A first step is formed between the first circular hole and the second circular hole, and a second step is formed between the second circular hole and the third circular hole.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole valve unit, the inner ball column is composed of a first cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section, a third cylindrical section, and a first hemispherical section connected in sequence, and the inner ball column is an integral structure; the inner diameter of the first cylindrical section is the same as the inner diameter of the second cylindrical section, the outer diameter of the first cylindrical section is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section, the inner diameter of the second cylindrical section is larger than the inner diameter of the third cylindrical section, and the outer diameter of the third cylindrical section is smaller than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section but larger than the inner diameter of the second cylindrical section; the first cylindrical section is located inside the second circular hole, and the first cylindrical section and the second circular hole are interference-fitted, and the free end of the first cylindrical section is connected to the first step.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole valve unit, the outer spherical shell is composed of a fourth cylindrical section, a fifth cylindrical section, and a second hemispherical section connected in sequence, and the outer spherical shell is an integral structure; the inner diameter of the fourth cylindrical section is the same as the inner diameter of the fifth cylindrical section, the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical section is larger than the outer diameter of the fifth cylindrical section, the outer wall of the fourth cylindrical section contacts the inner wall of the second circular hole, and the inner walls of the fourth and fifth cylindrical sections are in a clearance fit relationship with the outer wall of the second cylindrical section of the inner spherical column; during the movement of the outer spherical shell, the second cylindrical section of the inner spherical column can provide guidance for the movement of the outer spherical shell; a load-bearing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the connection between the fifth cylindrical section and the second hemispherical section.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole type valve unit, the valve unit also includes a return spring, which is nested on the second cylindrical section of the inner ball column. The inner diameter of the return spring is the same as the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section, and the outer diameter of the return spring is smaller than the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical section. One end of the return spring contacts the first cylindrical section, and the other end of the return spring contacts the lower surface of the fourth cylindrical section. When the valve unit is closed by an explosive wave impact, the movement of the outer spherical shell can compress the return spring. After the explosive wave disappears, under the action of the return spring, the outer spherical shell can return to the ventilation state.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole type valve unit, the outer surface of the first hemispherical segment is a hemisphere, and the inner surface of the second hemispherical segment is a hemisphere. The apexes of the outer surfaces of both the first and second hemispherical segments face the side where air enters through the through hole. The inner diameter of the first hemispherical segment is the same as the outer diameter of the second hemispherical segment. A first ventilation hole is provided at the apex of the first hemispherical segment, and a ring of second ventilation holes is provided on the spherical surface of the first hemispherical segment. The second ventilation holes are evenly distributed around the first ventilation hole. A ring of third ventilation holes is evenly distributed circumferentially on the second cylindrical segment. A ring of fourth ventilation holes is evenly distributed on the spherical surface of the second hemispherical segment and around its apex. A ring of fourth ventilation holes is also evenly distributed on the spherical surface of the second hemispherical segment and near its edge. A ring of fifth ventilation holes is evenly distributed at the location; when the valve unit is in the ventilation state, the first hemispherical segment and the second hemispherical segment are not in contact; when the valve unit is in the closed state, the first hemispherical segment and the second hemispherical segment are in contact, the outer surface of the first hemispherical segment can block the fourth ventilation hole, the outer surface of the third cylindrical segment can block the fifth ventilation hole, the inner wall of the second hemispherical segment can block the first ventilation hole and the second ventilation hole, and the inner wall of the fifth cylindrical segment can block the third ventilation hole; there are 7 second ventilation holes, 12 third ventilation holes, 7 fourth ventilation holes, and 9 fifth ventilation holes; there is a distance between the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment of the outer shell and the opening of the through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole valve unit, the valve unit further includes a buffer ring. One end of the buffer ring contacts the second step, and the inner sidewall of the buffer ring is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the fifth cylindrical section. The outer sidewall of the buffer ring contacts the inner wall of the third circular hole. When the valve unit is in the closed state, the other end of the buffer ring contacts the side of the outer spherical shell near the air outlet of the through hole. During movement, the outer spherical shell can compress the buffer ring through the load-bearing ring. The buffer ring is made of a buffer energy-absorbing material.

[0015] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole valve unit, the thickness at both ends of the buffer ring is greater than the thickness in the middle, and from both ends of the buffer ring to the middle of the buffer ring, the inner surface of the buffer ring gradually concaves inward; the contact surface between the load-bearing ring and the buffer ring is an inclined surface, and the thickness of the inner edge of the load-bearing ring is greater than the thickness of the outer edge.

[0016] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole valve unit, the valve unit further includes an elastic retaining ring and a limiting ring. An annular mounting groove is provided circumferentially on the inner wall of the third circular hole, and the edge of the elastic retaining ring is located within the mounting groove. The limiting ring is disposed within the third circular hole, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring is consistent with the inner diameter of the third circular hole. One end of the limiting ring is connected to the elastic retaining ring by a screw. When the valve unit is in a ventilated state, the other end of the limiting ring contacts the side of the load-bearing ring on the outer spherical shell near the air inlet of the through hole, and the limiting ring can limit the movement of the outer spherical shell.

[0017] Furthermore, in the aforementioned built-in multi-hole valve unit, a pressure relief hole is provided on the second cylindrical section of the inner ball column. There are two pressure relief holes, which are arranged opposite to each other.

[0018] Analysis reveals that this invention discloses a built-in multi-hole valve unit. This valve unit employs a structure with an outer spherical shell and an inner spherical column, offering reliable strength, a compact layout, significantly reduced mass, shorter closing stroke, and improved wave-damping efficiency. The valve unit incorporates a buffer ring to effectively reduce the plastic deformation of the outer spherical shell after high-speed impact with the base during wave-damping. This valve unit offers reliable wave-damping performance, can achieve wave-damping in different directions, provides good ventilation, has a simple structure, and the detachable limiting ring facilitates installation and maintenance, reducing manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner spherical column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer spherical shell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A top-view structural diagram.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a valve unit in a ventilated state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a gate unit in the closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1 Inner spherical column; 10 First cylindrical section; 11 Second cylindrical section; 12 Third cylindrical section; 13 First hemispherical section; 14 First ventilation hole; 15 Second ventilation hole; 16 Third ventilation hole; 17 Pressure relief hole; 2 Return spring; 3 Outer spherical shell; 30 Fourth cylindrical section; 31 Fifth cylindrical section; 32 Second hemispherical section; 33 Fourth ventilation hole; 34 Fifth ventilation hole; 35 Load-bearing ring; 4 Buffer ring; 5 Limiting ring; 6 Elastic retaining ring; 7 Screw; 8 Base; 80 First round hole; 81 Second round hole; 82 Third round hole; 83 First step; 84 Second step; 85 Mounting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. Indeed, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the invention without departing from its scope or spirit. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the invention encompass such modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0030] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components; a wired connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] The accompanying drawings illustrate one or more examples of the invention. The detailed description uses numerals and letters to refer to features in the drawings. Similar or analogous reference numerals in the drawings and description have been used to refer to similar or analogous parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the location or importance of individual components.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a built-in multi-hole type valve unit is provided. This valve unit is disposed on a valve, and the valve has a base 8 for mounting the valve unit. The base 8 has a through hole, and the valve unit is disposed within the through hole; as shown... Figure 1As shown, the valve unit includes an outer spherical shell 3 and an inner spherical column 1, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the through hole. The outer spherical shell 3 is closer to the air inlet side of the through hole than the inner spherical column 1. The inner spherical column 1 is fixedly connected to the base 8. One end of the outer spherical shell 3 is fitted onto the inner spherical column 1 and can move linearly along the axial direction of the through hole. The contact between the outer spherical shell 3 and the inner spherical column 1 serves to dampen the wave. When the valve unit is normally open, it maintains normal ventilation within the structure. When the structure is impacted, under the action of the blast shock wave, the outer spherical shell 3 moves towards the inner spherical column 1, causing the valve unit to close rapidly, blocking the shock wave outside the structure and ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment inside. After the shock wave dissipates, the valve unit returns to the open state, ensuring the restoration of ventilation. This valve unit, with its structure of the outer spherical shell 3 and inner spherical column 1, is strong, reliable, and compact, significantly reducing the weight of the valve unit, shortening its closing stroke, and improving its wave damping rate.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, from the air outlet side to the air inlet side of the through hole, the through hole includes a first circular hole 80, a second circular hole 81, and a third circular hole 82 arranged sequentially with increasing diameters. The axes of the first circular hole 80, the second circular hole 81, and the third circular hole 82 are collinear. A first step 83 is formed between the first circular hole 80 and the second circular hole 81, and a second step 84 is formed between the second circular hole 81 and the third circular hole 82.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner spherical column 1 is composed of a first cylindrical section 10, a second cylindrical section 11, a third cylindrical section 12, and a first hemispherical section 13 connected in sequence, forming a single integral structure. The inner diameter of the first cylindrical section 10 is the same as that of the second cylindrical section 11, while the outer diameter of the first cylindrical section 10 is larger than that of the second cylindrical section 11. The inner diameter of the second cylindrical section 11 is larger than that of the third cylindrical section 12, and the outer diameter of the third cylindrical section 12 is smaller than that of the second cylindrical section 11 but larger than its inner diameter. The first cylindrical section 10 is located within the second circular hole 81, and there is an interference fit between the first cylindrical section 10 and the inner wall of the second circular hole 81. The free end of the first cylindrical section 10 is connected to the first step 83. During installation, the inner spherical column 1 is cooled with liquid nitrogen and then inserted into the through hole of the base 8. After the temperature recovers, the inner spherical column 1 is securely fixed within the base 8.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the outer spherical shell 3 is composed of a fourth cylindrical section 30, a fifth cylindrical section 31, and a second hemispherical section 32 connected in sequence, and the outer spherical shell 3 is an integral structure. The inner diameter of the fourth cylindrical section 30 is the same as the inner diameter of the fifth cylindrical section 31, and the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical section 30 is larger than the outer diameter of the fifth cylindrical section 31. The outer wall of the fourth cylindrical section 30 contacts the inner wall of the second circular hole 81 of the through hole. The inner walls of the fourth cylindrical section 30 and the fifth cylindrical section 31 are in a clearance fit with the outer wall of the second cylindrical section 11 of the inner spherical column 1. During the movement of the outer spherical shell 3, the second cylindrical section 11 of the inner spherical column 1 can provide guidance for the movement of the outer spherical shell 3. A load-bearing ring 35 is provided on the outer periphery of the connection between the fifth cylindrical section 31 and the second hemispherical section 32.

[0036] Furthermore, the valve unit also includes a return spring 2, which is nested on the second cylindrical section 11 of the inner ball column 1. The inner diameter of the return spring 2 is the same as the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section 11, and the outer diameter of the return spring 2 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical section 30 of the outer spherical shell 3. One end of the return spring 2 contacts the first cylindrical section 10 of the inner ball column 1, and the other end of the return spring 2 contacts the fourth cylindrical section 30 of the outer spherical shell 3. After the return spring 2 is installed, it is in a certain degree of compression. When the valve unit is closed by the impact of the blast wave, the movement of the outer spherical shell 3 can further compress the return spring 2. After the blast wave disappears, the outer spherical shell 3 can return to the ventilation state under the action of the return spring 2.

[0037] Furthermore, the outer surface of the first hemispherical segment 13 of the inner spherical column 1 is a hemispherical surface, and the inner and outer surfaces of the second hemispherical segment 32 of the outer spherical shell 3 are both hemispherical surfaces. The apex of the outer surface of the first hemispherical segment 13 and the apex of the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment 32 both face the side of the air inlet through the through hole. The inner diameter of the first hemispherical segment 13 is the same as the outer diameter of the second hemispherical segment 32. A first ventilation hole 14 is provided at the apex of the first hemispherical segment 13, and a ring of second ventilation holes 15 is provided on the spherical surface of the first hemispherical segment 13. The second ventilation holes 15 are evenly distributed around the first ventilation holes 14. A ring of third ventilation holes 16 is evenly distributed circumferentially on the second cylindrical segment 11. A ring of fourth ventilation holes 33 is evenly distributed on the spherical surface of the second hemispherical segment 32 and around the apex of the second hemispherical segment 32. A ring of fifth ventilation holes 34 is evenly distributed on the spherical surface of the second hemispherical segment 32 and near the edge of the second hemispherical segment 32.

[0038] To ensure the total ventilation area of ​​the valve unit meets requirements, the ventilation holes (first ventilation hole 14, second ventilation hole 15, and third ventilation hole 16) on the inner spherical column 1 and the ventilation holes (fourth ventilation hole 33 and fifth ventilation hole 34) on the outer spherical shell 3 are designed with a staggered arrangement. Specifically, when the valve unit is closed, the outer surface of the fourth ventilation hole 33 on the outer spherical shell 3 corresponds to the outer surface between the first ventilation hole 14 and the second ventilation hole 15 on the inner spherical column 1, and the outer surface of the fifth ventilation hole 34 on the outer spherical shell 3 corresponds to the outer surface between the second ventilation hole 15 and the third ventilation hole 16 on the inner spherical column 1. When the valve unit is in the ventilation state, the first hemispherical segment 13 and the second hemispherical segment 32 do not contact each other. When the valve unit is in the closed state, the first hemispherical segment 13 is in contact with the second hemispherical segment 32. At this time, the outer surface of the first hemispherical segment 13 can block the fourth ventilation hole 33, the outer surface of the third cylindrical segment 12 can block the fifth ventilation hole 34, the inner wall of the second hemispherical segment 32 can block the first ventilation hole 14 and the second ventilation hole 15, and the inner wall of the fifth cylindrical segment 31 can block the third ventilation hole 16. This arrangement eliminates the need to consider the installation angle of the outer spherical shell 3 and the inner spherical column 1 when assembling the valve unit, avoiding the problem that the relative positions of the ventilation holes on the outer spherical shell 3 and the ventilation holes on the inner spherical column 1 change due to the rotation of the outer spherical shell 3, which would prevent the ventilation holes from being effectively blocked.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, seven second ventilation holes 15, twelve third ventilation holes 16, seven fourth ventilation holes 33, and nine fifth ventilation holes 34 are provided. The valve unit is built into the base 8. The windward surface of the outer spherical shell 3 (the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment 32) is spherical. There is a distance between the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment 32 of the outer spherical shell 3 and the opening of the through hole. No matter which direction the shock wave load comes from outside the valve, it can ensure that it acts positively on the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment 32 and drives the valve unit to close quickly, ensuring the reliability of wave damping.

[0040] Furthermore, the valve unit also includes a buffer ring 4. One end of the buffer ring 4 contacts the second step 84 of the through hole. The inner wall of the buffer ring 4 has a clearance fit with the outer wall of the fifth cylindrical section 31, and the outer wall of the buffer ring 4 contacts the inner wall of the third circular hole 82. When the valve unit is in the closed state, the other end of the buffer ring 4 contacts the air outlet side of the load-bearing ring 35 of the outer spherical shell 3 near the through hole. During the movement, the outer spherical shell 3 can squeeze the buffer ring 4 through the load-bearing ring 35. In order to prevent the outer spherical shell 3 from undergoing large plastic deformation after high-speed impact with the base 8 and to ensure that the valve can reliably reset, a buffer ring 4 is provided between the outer spherical shell 3 and the base 8. The buffer ring 4 is made of a buffer energy-absorbing material. Under the action of the shock wave, the load-bearing ring 35 of the outer spherical shell 3 impacts the buffer ring 4, causing the buffer ring 4 to deform to dissipate the impact energy.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the thickness at both ends of the buffer ring 4 is greater than that in the middle. The thickness at both ends of the buffer ring 4 is the same. From the ends to the middle of the buffer ring 4, the inner surface of the buffer ring 4 gradually concaves inward, making the thickness of the buffer ring 4 gradually decrease from the ends to the middle. The buffer ring 4 effectively buffers the high-speed impact of the outer spherical shell 3, ensuring that the valve unit has reliable strength under impact and guaranteeing the rapid recovery of ventilation function after the shock wave. Considering that the buffer ring 4 becomes thicker in the middle after being deformed by impact, which could easily cause the outer valve unit to jam, the buffer ring 4 is designed with a structure that is thick at both ends and thin in the middle. This guides the buffer ring 4 to deform towards the thin wall direction, making the overall deformation of the buffer ring 4 uniform and effectively solving the problem of the valve jamming and inability to reset. The contact surface between the load-bearing ring 35 and the buffer ring 4 is an inclined surface. The thickness of the inner edge of the load-bearing ring 35 is greater than the thickness of the outer edge. This setting can ensure that after the load-bearing ring 35 contacts the buffer ring 4, the buffer ring 4 will deform outward under the action of force, reducing the risk of the buffer ring 4 deforming inward and damaging the outer spherical shell 3.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the valve unit also includes an elastic retaining ring 6 and a limiting ring 5. An annular mounting groove 85 is provided circumferentially on the inner wall of the third circular hole 82, and the edge of the elastic retaining ring 6 is located within the mounting groove 85. The limiting ring 5 is disposed within the third circular hole 82, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring 5 is consistent with the inner diameter of the third circular hole 82. Figure 7 As shown, one end of the limiting ring 5 is connected to the elastic retaining ring 6 by screws 7; when the valve unit is in the ventilation state, the other end of the limiting ring 5 contacts the side of the load-bearing ring 35 on the outer spherical shell 3 near the air intake hole. The limiting ring 5 and the elastic retaining ring 6 can limit the linear movement of the outer spherical shell 3 through cooperation, preventing the outer spherical shell 3 from popping out of the valve base 8 during the reset process. The detachable limiting ring 5 has a simple structure and reliable performance, which not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of valve unit components, but also reduces manufacturing costs to a certain extent.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, a pressure relief hole 17 is provided on the second cylindrical section 11 of the inner ball column 1. There are two pressure relief holes 17, which are arranged opposite to each other. This arrangement can prevent the air in the local cavity formed between the outer ball shell 3, the inner ball column 1 and the base 8 from being compressed without being released during the closing process of the valve unit, thereby forming a gas spring effect.

[0044] The outer spherical shell 3 and the inner spherical column 1 will deform under impact. In order to avoid motion interference, the wall thickness of the outer spherical shell 3 and the inner spherical column 1 is reduced in some local positions to reduce the chance of the valve getting stuck and ensure that the valve can be reset normally after being loaded.

[0045] The working principle of this valve unit is as follows: like Figure 8 As shown, before the external load is applied, under the spring force of the return spring 2, the outer spherical shell 3 and the inner spherical column 1 are in a non-contact state, and the elastic retaining ring 6 and the upper limit ring 5 limit the outer spherical shell 3; when an external load is applied to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell 3, the outer spherical shell 3 slides towards the inner spherical column 1, and the load-bearing ring 35 on the outer spherical shell 3 first contacts the buffer ring 4, using the buffer ring 4 to buffer and absorb energy. After the outer spherical shell 3 moves a certain time and distance, as... Figure 9 As shown, the inner spherical surface of the second hemispherical segment 32 of the outer spherical shell 3 contacts the outer spherical surface of the first hemispherical segment 13 of the inner spherical column 1. At this time, the corresponding ventilation openings are sealed, and the external load is transferred to the buffer ring 4 and the inner spherical column 1, and then to the base 8 of the valve, realizing a certain proportion of wave damping effect of the valve unit in wartime. After the external impact load is unloaded, the outer spherical shell 3 returns to its initial position under the action of the return spring 2, realizing normal ventilation of the valve unit. During the entire process, the outer spherical shell 3, the inner spherical column 1, the return spring 2, and the limiting component are not damaged; only the buffer ring 4 is damaged.

[0046] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: An internal multi-hole valve unit is disclosed. This valve unit employs a structure with an outer spherical shell 3 and an inner spherical column 1, offering reliable strength, a compact layout, significantly reduced weight, shorter closing stroke, and improved wave-damping efficiency. The valve unit incorporates a buffer ring 4 to effectively reduce the plastic deformation of the outer spherical shell 3 after high-speed impact with the base 8 during wave-damping. This valve unit offers reliable wave-damping performance, can achieve wave-damping in different directions, provides good ventilation, has a simple structure, and the detachable limiting ring 5 facilitates installation and maintenance, reducing manufacturing costs.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A built-in multi-hole type valve unit, the valve unit being disposed on a valve, the valve having a base for mounting the valve unit, characterized in that, The base is provided with a through hole, and the valve unit is built into the through hole; The valve unit includes an outer spherical shell and an inner spherical column, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the through hole. The outer spherical shell is closer to the air inlet side of the through hole than the inner spherical column. The inner spherical column is fixedly connected to the base, and the outer spherical shell can move linearly along the axis of the through hole. When the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical column come into contact, they can play a role in absorbing waves.

2. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, From the air outlet side to the air inlet side of the through hole, the through hole includes a first circular hole, a second circular hole, and a third circular hole arranged sequentially with progressively increasing diameters. The axes of the first circular hole, the second circular hole, and the third circular hole are collinear. A first step is formed between the first circular hole and the second circular hole, and a second step is formed between the second circular hole and the third circular hole.

3. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner spherical column is composed of a first cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section, a third cylindrical section and a first hemispherical section connected in sequence, and the inner spherical column is an integral structure; The inner diameter of the first cylindrical section is the same as the inner diameter of the second cylindrical section, the outer diameter of the first cylindrical section is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section, the inner diameter of the second cylindrical section is larger than the inner diameter of the third cylindrical section, and the outer diameter of the third cylindrical section is smaller than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section but larger than the inner diameter of the second cylindrical section. The first cylindrical section is located inside the second circular hole, and the first cylindrical section and the second circular hole are interference fit. The free end of the first cylindrical section is connected to the first step.

4. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer spherical shell is composed of a fourth cylindrical section, a fifth cylindrical section, and a second hemispherical section connected in sequence, and the outer spherical shell is an integral structure; The inner diameter of the fourth cylindrical section is the same as that of the fifth cylindrical section, the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical section is larger than that of the fifth cylindrical section, the outer wall of the fourth cylindrical section is in contact with the inner wall of the second circular hole, and the inner walls of the fourth cylindrical section and the fifth cylindrical section are in a clearance fit relationship with the outer wall of the second cylindrical section of the inner ball column. During the movement of the outer spherical shell, the second cylindrical section of the inner spherical column can provide guidance for the movement of the outer spherical shell; A load-bearing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the connection between the fifth cylindrical section and the second hemispherical section.

5. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve unit also includes a return spring, which is nested on the second cylindrical section of the inner ball column. The inner diameter of the return spring is the same as the outer diameter of the second cylindrical section, and the outer diameter of the return spring is smaller than the outer diameter of the fourth cylindrical section. One end of the return spring is in contact with the first cylindrical section, and the other end of the return spring is in contact with the lower surface of the fourth cylindrical section. When the valve unit is closed by the impact of the blast wave, the movement of the outer spherical shell can compress the return spring. After the blast wave disappears, the outer spherical shell can return to the ventilation state under the action of the return spring.

6. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the first hemispherical segment is a hemispherical surface, and the inner surface of the second hemispherical segment is a hemispherical surface. The apex of the outer surface of the first hemispherical segment and the apex of the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment both face the side of the air inlet of the through hole. The inner diameter of the first hemispherical segment is the same as the outer diameter of the second hemispherical segment. A first ventilation hole is provided at the apex of the first hemispherical segment, and a ring of second ventilation holes is provided on the spherical surface of the first hemispherical segment. The second ventilation holes are evenly distributed around the first ventilation hole, and a ring of third ventilation holes is evenly distributed along the circumference of the second cylindrical segment. A ring of fourth ventilation holes is evenly distributed on the surface of the second hemisphere and around the apex of the second hemisphere; a ring of fifth ventilation holes is evenly distributed on the surface of the second hemisphere and near the edge of the second hemisphere. When the valve unit is in the ventilation state, the first hemisphere segment and the second hemisphere segment do not contact each other; When the valve unit is in the closed state, the first hemispherical segment is in contact with the second hemispherical segment. The outer surface of the first hemispherical segment can block the fourth ventilation hole, the outer surface of the third cylindrical segment can block the fifth ventilation hole, the inner wall of the second hemispherical segment can block the first ventilation hole and the second ventilation hole, and the inner wall of the fifth cylindrical segment can block the third ventilation hole. The second ventilation hole has 7 holes, the third ventilation hole has 12 holes, the fourth ventilation hole has 7 holes, and the fifth ventilation hole has 9 holes; There is a distance between the outer surface of the second hemispherical segment of the outer shell and the opening of the through hole.

7. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve unit also includes a buffer ring, one end of which contacts the second step, the inner sidewall of the buffer ring and the outer wall of the fifth cylindrical section are in a clearance fit relationship, and the outer sidewall of the buffer ring contacts the inner wall of the third circular hole. When the valve unit is in the closed state, the other end of the buffer ring contacts the side of the outer spherical shell near the air outlet of the load-bearing ring. During the movement, the outer spherical shell can squeeze the buffer ring through the load-bearing ring. The buffer ring is made of a buffer energy-absorbing material.

8. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness at both ends of the buffer ring is greater than the thickness in the middle, and from both ends of the buffer ring to the middle of the buffer ring, the inner surface of the buffer ring gradually concaves inward. The contact surface between the load-bearing ring and the buffer ring is an inclined surface, and the thickness of the inner edge of the load-bearing ring is greater than the thickness of the outer edge.

9. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve unit also includes an elastic retaining ring and a limiting ring. An annular mounting groove is provided on the inner wall of the third circular hole along the circumferential direction, and the edge of the elastic retaining ring is located in the mounting groove. The limiting ring is disposed in the third circular hole, the outer diameter of the limiting ring is the same as the inner diameter of the third circular hole, and one end of the limiting ring is connected to the elastic retaining ring by a screw; When the valve unit is in the ventilation state, the other end of the limiting ring contacts the side of the load-bearing ring on the outer spherical shell near the air inlet of the through hole, and the limiting ring can limit the outer spherical shell.

10. The built-in multi-hole type valve unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two pressure relief holes are provided on the second cylindrical section of the inner spherical column, and the two pressure relief holes are arranged opposite to each other.

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