Device and method for enabling jet flow to cooperate with heading machine to penetrate through underground diaphragm wall

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for a jet flow coordinated heading machine to penetrate through an underground diaphragm wall, the device for the jet flow coordinated heading machine to penetrate through the underground diaphragm wall comprises a cutter head, a cutter head cutter and a telescopic spray head, the cutter head cutter is arranged on the cutter head, the cutter head is provided with a telescopic hole position used for installing the telescopic spray head, and the axis of the telescopic hole position extends in the front-back direction; a reciprocating driving mechanism is installed in the telescopic hole site and used for driving the telescopic nozzle to stretch and retract front and back along the telescopic hole site. The telescopic nozzle can realize advanced rapid cutting of a front reinforcing steel bar structure, so that stirring and aggregation of reinforcing steel bars during rotary cutting of the cutterhead cutter are avoided, the cutting length of the reinforcing steel bars is reduced, and smooth deslagging of a spiral conveyor of the tunnel boring machine is facilitated; the technical problems that steel bars are difficult to cut and the cutting length of the steel bars is large in the process that an existing tunnel boring machine penetrates through an underground diaphragm wall are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of TBM tunneling technology, and more specifically, to a device and method for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for urban rail transit construction, the shield tunneling method has become the main construction method for underground tunnels due to its advantages such as safety and efficiency. During subway tunnel construction, due to the need for transfers, new subway tunnels sometimes need to pass close to existing subway stations; and the diaphragm wall structure of existing stations often extends to a certain depth below the station floor, inevitably leading to situations where the tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead cuts into the diaphragm wall. The diaphragm wall structure is mainly a reinforced concrete composite structure. During the contact and slow grinding process between the cutterhead and the glass fiber reinforced concrete wall, the steel reinforcement structure within the wall presents the biggest challenge: while concrete can be quickly ground away during tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation, cutting and damaging the steel reinforcement is difficult. The cutting length of the steel reinforcement directly affects the transmission efficiency and smoothness of the TBM's screw conveyor. Large cutting lengths can cause vibrations in the screw conveyor, further inducing vibrations in the upper station structure. This can lead to minor issues such as micro-cracks in the station structure, affecting its normal use, and in severe cases, even uneven deformation and platform screen door derailment, endangering train operation safety. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the devices and methods for tunnel boring machines to pass through diaphragm walls, so as to ensure that tunnel boring machines can pass through diaphragm walls efficiently and safely, reduce tunneling disturbance, and reduce the generation of long steel bars during the cutting process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to propose a device for a jet-assisted tunnel boring machine to pass through a diaphragm wall, which can solve the technical problems of difficult steel bar cutting and large steel bar cutting length during the current process of tunnel boring machines passing through diaphragm walls. The purpose of this invention is also to propose a method for a jet-assisted tunnel boring machine to pass through a diaphragm wall, thereby solving the technical problems of difficult steel bar cutting and large steel bar cutting length during the current process of tunnel boring machines passing through diaphragm walls.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution: A jet-assisted tunneling machine device for traversing a diaphragm wall includes a cutterhead, cutterhead cutters, and a telescopic nozzle. The cutterhead cutters are mounted on the cutterhead, and the cutterhead has telescopic holes for mounting the telescopic nozzle. The axis of the telescopic holes extends in the front-back direction, and a reciprocating drive mechanism for driving the telescopic nozzle to extend and retract along the telescopic holes is installed in the telescopic holes.

[0005] Beneficial effects: By setting up a telescopic nozzle that can extend / retract relative to the cutterhead, the impact and damage to the telescopic nozzle from concrete slag and other soil and rock masses at the tunnel face are avoided. Simultaneously, the nozzle-target distance can be quickly adjusted, allowing the telescopic nozzle to approach the soil and rock mass in front of the tunnel face during spraying, ensuring cutting effectiveness and full utilization of jet energy. The telescopic nozzle enables rapid, advanced cutting of the reinforcing steel structure ahead, avoiding the stirring and aggregation of the steel bars during cutterhead rotation, reducing the steel bar cutting length, and facilitating smooth slag removal by the tunnel boring machine's screw conveyor. During the cutting process, the jet can also be adjusted to a pure water jet to wet the soil and rock mass and reinforced concrete structure ahead, aiding in precise cutting and separation of the steel bars.

[0006] Furthermore, the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a drive gear, a drive motor, a limit block, and a guide structure. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive gear. Multiple transmission teeth are provided on the outside of the telescopic nozzle, and the transmission teeth mesh with the drive gear. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate forward / reverse, thereby driving the telescopic nozzle to extend and retract. The limit block is set in the mounting hole and includes a front limit block and a rear limit block located on the front and rear sides of the transmission teeth, respectively. The limit block is used to block the transmission teeth when the telescopic nozzle moves to the end of the front or rear stroke, thereby limiting the extension and retraction distance of the telescopic nozzle. The guide structure is used to guide the telescopic nozzle.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The reciprocating drive mechanism with a drive gear-transmission gear structure enables the telescopic nozzle to move back and forth, allowing for precise control of the nozzle's extension / retraction distance. This ensures the optimal distance for jet cutting and fully utilizes the jet's cutting power. Limiting blocks restrict the extension and retraction distance of the nozzle, preventing excessive movement and increasing structural safety and reliability. A guide structure guides the nozzle to extend and retract along a set path, ensuring stable movement and achieving better cutting results.

[0008] Furthermore, the guiding structure is a guide rod, and the telescopic nozzle is provided with a guide hole that cooperates with the guide sleeve of the guide rod. At least two guide rods are provided and are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the telescopic nozzle.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The structure is simple and easy to implement. The telescopic nozzle is subjected to uniform force during movement, avoiding shaking or swaying.

[0010] Furthermore, two drive gears, two front limit blocks, and two rear limit blocks are provided, and they are all symmetrically distributed along the axis of the telescopic nozzle.

[0011] Beneficial effects: It ensures that the telescopic nozzle is subjected to uniform force during movement, preventing the telescopic nozzle from shaking or swaying, and resulting in better jet cutting effect.

[0012] Furthermore, the telescopic nozzle includes a telescopic nozzle body and a nozzle embedded in the telescopic nozzle body, wherein the nozzle is movably connected to the telescopic nozzle body by screws.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The nozzle and telescopic nozzle body are detachably connected, making it easy to replace the nozzle after it wears out and facilitating subsequent equipment maintenance.

[0014] Furthermore, the jet-assisted tunneling machine's device for traversing diaphragm walls also includes a rotary head, a telescopic pipeline, and a jet generation system for supplying jets to the telescopic nozzle. The jet generation system includes a mixing chamber, a high-pressure tank, an abrasive shut-off valve, a water pump, and a water tank. The high-pressure tank and the water tank are respectively connected to the mixing chamber. The abrasive shut-off valve is located between the high-pressure tank and the mixing chamber. The outlet of the mixing chamber is connected to the telescopic nozzle through the rotary head. The telescopic pipeline is used to connect the rotary head and the telescopic nozzle.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By setting up a pre-mixed abrasive jet generation system, the abrasive and water are mixed in the mixing chamber before the mixing nozzle to form a solid-liquid two-phase flow. This accelerates the abrasive particles over a long distance while ensuring thorough mixing of the abrasive and water, resulting in high kinetic energy transfer efficiency and improved jet cutting accuracy. It also reduces the required water pump pressure, alleviating energy supply contradictions within the tunnel. While maintaining flow rate, it reduces the equipment pressure level, decreases jet friction heat, effectively lowers the tunnel face temperature, and reduces the risk of heat damage to workers at the working face. The telescopic pipeline ensures smooth pipeline flow during the movement of the telescopic nozzle, facilitating flexible switching of the nozzle's posture. The rotary head continuously attacks the telescopic nozzle with water and abrasive-mixed water flow as the telescopic nozzle rotates with the cutter head, ensuring normal spraying of the telescopic nozzle.

[0016] Furthermore, the jet generation system also includes a throttle valve, a check valve, a pressure gauge, and a safety valve. The water pump is connected to the mixing chamber via the throttle valve and the check valve. The pressure gauge is located between the throttle valve and the check valve to monitor the pipeline pressure. The safety valve is located on the water pump outlet side and is connected to the water tank.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Throttling valves can further increase fluid pressure; pressure gauges are used to monitor pipeline pressure to ensure safe and reliable system operation; safety valves are used to prevent system pipeline pressure from exceeding specified values, protecting personal safety and equipment operation. Setting a shut-off valve helps control the concentration and time of abrasive settling, and by adjusting the shut-off valve, the abrasive jet / water jet can be switched to achieve the switching of the nozzle's fluid jet pattern.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotary valve and the mixing chamber are connected by a high-pressure pipeline.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The rotary device and the mixing chamber are connected by a high-pressure pipeline, which improves the pressure resistance of the pipeline, ensures the normal supply of abrasive mixing flow / water flow, and enhances the stability and safety of system operation.

[0020] The present invention also provides the following technical solutions: A method for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall, implemented based on a jet-assisted tunneling machine device for penetrating a diaphragm wall according to the present invention, includes the following steps: S1. Arrange telescopic nozzle bodies and cutter heads on the cutter head; S2. When the tunneling machine's forward cutterhead encounters a reinforced concrete diaphragm wall, the cutterhead's cutting tools first compact the surface of the reinforced concrete diaphragm wall. S3: The steel bars inside the reinforced concrete diaphragm wall are exposed. The jet generation system is activated, and the telescopic nozzle sprays out an abrasive jet to cut the steel bars. S4. As the cutter head rotates, the abrasive jet cuts the steel bar and forms a groove. The steel bar is cut into small segments ahead of the cutter head. The reciprocating drive mechanism is activated, causing the telescopic nozzle to gradually extend and approach the steel bar as the cutting depth increases. S5. After the steel bar cutting is completed, the reciprocating drive mechanism controls the telescopic nozzle to retract, and the cutterhead continues to advance forward to start the next round of tunneling.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a method for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to traverse diaphragm walls. By incorporating a telescopic nozzle that can extend / retract relative to the cutterhead, the impact and damage to the telescopic nozzle from concrete slag and other soil and rock masses at the tunnel face can be avoided. Simultaneously, the nozzle-target distance can be quickly adjusted, allowing the telescopic nozzle to approach the soil and rock mass in front of the tunnel face during spraying, ensuring cutting efficiency and full utilization of jet energy. The telescopic nozzle enables rapid, advanced cutting of the reinforcing steel structure ahead, avoiding the stirring and aggregation of the steel bars during cutterhead rotation, reducing the cutting length, and facilitating smooth slag removal by the tunnel boring machine's screw conveyor. During the cutting process, the jet can also be adjusted to a pure water jet to wet the soil and rock mass and reinforced concrete structure ahead, aiding in precise cutting and separation of the steel bars. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a specific embodiment 1 of the device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the jet-coordinated tunneling machine device for penetrating a diaphragm wall of the present invention, when the telescopic nozzle is ejected; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cutting effect of a specific embodiment 1 of the jet-coordinated tunneling machine device for penetrating a diaphragm wall according to the present invention; Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of the telescopic nozzle in a specific embodiment 1 of the device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall according to the present invention; Reference numerals: 1-Cutterhead; 11-Telescopic nozzle; 111-Abrasive jet; 1111-Groove; 112-Nozzle; 113-Screw; 114-Drive gear; 115-Guide rod; 116-Limit stop; 117-Guide hole; 118-Transmission gear; 12-Hog cutter; 13-Tearing cutter; 14-Telescopic pipeline; 15-Rotator; 16-High-pressure pipeline; 2-Reinforced concrete diaphragm wall; 21-Reinforcing steel bar; 3-High-pressure tank; 31-Upper end cover; 32-Abrasive; 33-Stop valve; 34-Mixing chamber; 4-Check valve; 5-Throttle valve; 51-Pressure gauge; 6-Water tank; 61-Water pump; 62-Safety valve; 7-Telescopic orifice. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Specific embodiment 1 of the device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall according to the present invention: like Figures 1-4 As shown, the device for this jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall includes a cutterhead 1, cutterhead cutters, and a telescopic nozzle 11. The cutterhead cutters are mounted on the cutterhead 1. In this embodiment, the cutterhead cutters include multiple roller cutters 12 and tearing cutters 13, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the roller cutter 12 is located on the radial outer side of the cutter head 1, and the tearing cutter 13 is located on the radial inner side of the cutter head 1. The cutter head 1 is provided with multiple telescopic holes 7 for mounting telescopic nozzles. The axis of the telescopic holes 7 extends in the front-back direction, and a reciprocating drive mechanism is installed in the telescopic holes 7 to drive the telescopic nozzle 11 to extend and retract along the telescopic holes.

[0025] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a drive gear 114, a drive motor, a limiting block 116, and a guide structure. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive gear 114. Multiple transmission teeth 118 are provided on the outside of the telescopic nozzle 11, and the transmission teeth 118 mesh with the drive gear 114. The drive motor drives the drive gear 114 to rotate forward / reverse, thereby driving the telescopic nozzle 11 to extend and retract. The limiting block 116 is provided within the mounting hole and includes a front limiting block and a rear limiting block located on the front and rear sides of the transmission teeth, respectively. The limiting block 116 is used to block the transmission teeth 118 when the telescopic nozzle moves to the end of its front or rear stroke, limiting the extension and retraction distance of the telescopic nozzle 11. The guide structure cooperates with the telescopic nozzle to guide it, allowing the telescopic nozzle to extend and retract along a set path, ensuring the stability of the movement. In this embodiment, the guiding structure is a guide rod 115. The rear of the telescopic nozzle has a guide hole 117 that mates with the guide rod guide sleeve. Two guide rods are provided and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the telescopic nozzle. In other embodiments, three, four, or more than two guide rods may be provided. Two drive gears 114, two front limit blocks, and two rear limit blocks are also provided, all symmetrically distributed along the axis of the telescopic nozzle. This ensures that the telescopic nozzle 11 experiences balanced force and maintains good stability and accuracy during the reciprocating drive mechanism's movement.

[0026] The reciprocating drive mechanism with a drive gear-transmission gear structure enables the telescopic nozzle to move back and forth. This allows for precise control of the extension / retraction distance of the telescopic nozzle, ensuring the optimal distance for jet cutting and maximizing the cutting capability of the jet. Limiting blocks restrict the extension and retraction distance of the telescopic nozzle, preventing excessive movement and increasing structural safety and reliability.

[0027] The telescopic nozzle is designed as a split structure. The telescopic nozzle 11 includes a telescopic nozzle body and a nozzle 112 embedded in the telescopic nozzle body. The nozzle 112 is movably connected to the telescopic nozzle body by a screw 113. This design ensures that the damaged nozzle 112 can be easily replaced after a period of use, increasing the convenience of later maintenance of the telescopic nozzle.

[0028] The jet-assisted tunneling machine's device for traversing diaphragm walls also includes a rotary head 15, a telescopic pipeline 14, and a jet generating system for supplying jets to the telescopic nozzles. The jet generating system includes a mixing chamber 34, a high-pressure tank 3, an abrasive shut-off valve 33, a water pump 61, a water tank 6, a throttle valve 5, a check valve 4, a pressure gauge 51, and a safety valve 62. The high-pressure tank 3 has an upper end cap 31 on its upper side, and contains abrasive 32. The high-pressure tank 3 is connected to the mixing chamber 34 and is used to supply abrasive to the mixing chamber 34. The abrasive shut-off valve 33 is located between the high-pressure tank 3 and the mixing chamber 34 and can be used to control the flow of abrasive, thereby switching the state of the jet ejected from the telescopic nozzles; it also helps control the concentration and time of abrasive settling.

[0029] Water pump 61 pumps water from water tank 6 to mixing chamber 34. Water pump 61 is connected to mixing chamber 34 via throttle valve 5 and check valve 4. Pressure gauge 51 is installed between throttle valve 5 and check valve 4 to monitor pipeline pressure. Safety valve 62 is located on the pump outlet side and connected to the water tank to prevent a sudden increase in pipeline pressure due to blockage of internal pipes or other components, which could pose a danger. Throttle valve 5 can adjust the fluid flow rate in the pipeline in real time to ensure jet supply. Mixing chamber 34 is a key component of the entire jet generation system. The outlet of mixing chamber 34 is connected to telescopic nozzle 11 via rotary head 15, and rotary head 15 and mixing chamber 34 are connected via high-pressure pipeline 16. The abrasive is mixed and thoroughly stirred with the high-pressure fluid in mixing chamber 34, and then transported to telescopic nozzle 11 via high-pressure pipeline. The main body of the rotary head 15 is a rotary seal. The rotary head continuously supplies water and abrasive-mixed water to the telescopic nozzle as it rotates with the cutter head, ensuring normal spraying from the telescopic nozzle. In addition, the telescopic nozzle 11 is connected to the rotary head 15 via a telescopic pipe 14. This telescopic pipe 14 can deform as the telescopic nozzle 11 moves forward / backward, ensuring smooth flow during the extension and retraction of the nozzle, thus facilitating flexible switching of the nozzle's posture.

[0030] In actual engineering, the equipment parameters are set as follows: the output pressure of water pump 61 can reach 50MPa, and the flow rate can reach 20 liters per minute. The output pressure and flow rate of water pump 61 are related to the diameter and pressure holding level of nozzle 112. The pressure bearing level of high-pressure pipeline 16 is greater than 100MPa, the pressure bearing capacity of high-pressure tank 3 is greater than 60MPa, and the volume of high-pressure tank 3 is greater than 50 liters. Since the larger the volume of high-pressure tank 3, the higher the continuous output capacity of abrasive jet 111, but due to the manufacturing difficulty of high-pressure containers and the space limitations of tunnel boring machines, the volume of high-pressure tank 3 is generally 50-100 liters.

[0031] In actual use, the drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate forward / reverse, thereby causing the telescopic nozzle to extend and retract. The jet generation system supplies high-pressure abrasive fluid / water to the telescopic nozzle through the rotary head and telescopic pipeline, from which the abrasive jet / water jet is ejected. When the telescopic nozzle ejects the abrasive jet 111, the reinforcing bar 21 can be pre-cut into small segments. As the cutter head 1 rotates, a larger area of ​​the reinforcing bar 21 is cut into segments, and the abrasive jet 111 cuts the reinforcing bar 21 to form a groove 1111. By setting a telescopic nozzle that can extend / retract relative to the cutter head, the impact and damage of the telescopic nozzle to the working face concrete slag and other strata rock and soil can be avoided. At the same time, the nozzle-target distance can be quickly adjusted so that the telescopic nozzle is close to the rock and soil in front of the working face during spraying, ensuring the cutting effect and full utilization of jet energy. The telescopic nozzle can achieve pre-cutting of the reinforcing bar structure in front, avoiding the stirring and aggregation of the reinforcing bar when the cutter head rotates, reducing the length of the reinforcing bar cut, and helping the tunnel boring machine's screw conveyor to smoothly discharge slag.

[0032] Specific embodiment 2 of the device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall according to the present invention: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the guide structure is a guide cylinder, and correspondingly, a guide ring hole is provided at the rear of the telescopic nozzle, and the guide ring hole and the guide cylinder sleeve are guided and engaged.

[0033] Based on the above-mentioned device for jet-assisted tunneling machines to penetrate diaphragm walls, this invention provides a method for jet-assisted tunneling machines to penetrate diaphragm walls. However, this method is not limited to the above-mentioned device for jet-assisted tunneling machines to penetrate diaphragm walls, and includes the following steps: S1. Arrange telescopic nozzle bodies and cutter heads on the cutter head; S2. When the tunneling machine's forward cutterhead encounters a reinforced concrete diaphragm wall, the cutterhead's cutting tools first compact the surface of the reinforced concrete diaphragm wall. S3: The steel bars inside the reinforced concrete diaphragm wall are exposed. Start the jet generation system, open the water pump and abrasive shut-off valve, and the telescopic nozzle sprays out an abrasive jet to cut the steel bars. S4. As the cutter head rotates, the abrasive jet cuts the steel bar and forms a groove. The steel bar is cut into small segments ahead of the cutter head. The reciprocating drive mechanism is activated, causing the telescopic nozzle to gradually extend and approach the steel bar as the cutting depth increases. S5. After the steel bar cutting is completed, the reciprocating drive mechanism controls the telescopic nozzle to retract, and the cutterhead continues to advance forward to start the next round of tunneling.

[0034] This invention, by incorporating a telescopic nozzle that can extend / retract relative to the cutterhead, avoids impact and damage to the nozzle from concrete slag and other soil and rock masses at the tunnel face. Simultaneously, it allows for rapid adjustment of the nozzle-target distance, ensuring the telescopic nozzle approaches the soil and rock mass in front of the tunnel face during spraying, guaranteeing cutting effectiveness and full utilization of jet energy. The telescopic nozzle enables rapid, pre-cutting of the reinforcing steel structure ahead, avoiding the stirring and aggregation of the steel bars during cutterhead rotation, reducing the steel bar cutting length, and facilitating smooth slag removal by the tunnel boring machine's screw conveyor. During the cutting process, the jet can also be adjusted to a pure water jet to wet the soil and rock mass and reinforced concrete structure ahead, aiding in precise cutting and separation of the steel bars.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall, characterized in that, It includes a cutter head, cutter head cutters, and telescopic nozzles. The cutter head cutters are mounted on the cutter head, and the cutter head has telescopic holes for mounting the telescopic nozzles. The axis of the telescopic holes extends in the front-back direction, and a reciprocating drive mechanism for driving the telescopic nozzles to extend and retract along the telescopic holes is installed in the telescopic holes.

2. The device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating drive mechanism includes a drive gear, a drive motor, limit blocks, and a guide structure. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive gear. Multiple transmission teeth are provided on the outside of the telescopic nozzle, and these transmission teeth mesh with the drive gear. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate forward / reverse, thereby driving the telescopic nozzle to extend and retract. The limit blocks are set in the mounting holes and include a front limit block and a rear limit block located on the front and rear sides of the transmission teeth, respectively. The limit blocks are used to block the transmission teeth when the telescopic nozzle moves to the end of the front or rear stroke, thus limiting the extension and retraction distance of the telescopic nozzle. The guide structure is used to guide the telescopic nozzle.

3. The device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding structure is a guide rod, and the telescopic nozzle is provided with a guide hole that cooperates with the guide sleeve of the guide rod. At least two guide rods are provided and are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the telescopic nozzle.

4. A device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Two drive gears, two front limit blocks, and two rear limit blocks are provided, and they are all symmetrically distributed along the axis of the telescopic nozzle.

5. A device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall as described in claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The telescopic nozzle includes a telescopic nozzle body and a nozzle embedded in the telescopic nozzle body, wherein the nozzle is movably connected to the telescopic nozzle body by screws.

6. The device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to traverse a diaphragm wall as described in claim 1, 2, or 3, further includes a rotary head, a telescopic pipeline, and a jet generating system for providing jets to the telescopic nozzle. The jet generating system includes a mixing chamber, a high-pressure tank, an abrasive shut-off valve, a water pump, and a water tank. The high-pressure tank and the water tank are respectively connected to the mixing chamber. The abrasive shut-off valve is disposed between the high-pressure tank and the mixing chamber. The outlet of the mixing chamber is connected to the telescopic nozzle through the rotary head. The telescopic pipeline is used to connect the rotary head and the telescopic nozzle.

7. The device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The jet generation system also includes a throttle valve, a check valve, a pressure gauge, and a safety valve. The water pump is connected to the mixing chamber via the throttle valve and the check valve. The pressure gauge is located between the throttle valve and the check valve to monitor the pipeline pressure. The safety valve is located on the water pump outlet side and is connected to the water tank.

8. The device for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The rotary valve and the mixing chamber are connected by a high-pressure pipeline.

9. A method for a jet-assisted tunneling machine to penetrate a diaphragm wall, characterized in that, The implementation of the jet-assisted tunneling machine for penetrating diaphragm walls according to any one of claims 1-8 is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Arrange telescopic nozzle bodies and cutter heads on the cutter head; S2. When the tunneling machine's forward cutterhead encounters a reinforced concrete diaphragm wall, the cutterhead's cutting tools first compact the surface of the reinforced concrete diaphragm wall. S3: The steel bars inside the reinforced concrete diaphragm wall are exposed. The jet generation system is activated, and the telescopic nozzle sprays out an abrasive jet to cut the steel bars. S4. As the cutter head rotates, the abrasive jet cuts the steel bar and forms a groove. The steel bar is cut into small segments ahead of the cutter head. The reciprocating drive mechanism is activated, causing the telescopic nozzle to gradually extend and approach the steel bar as the cutting depth increases. S5. After the steel bar cutting is completed, the reciprocating drive mechanism controls the telescopic nozzle to retract, and the cutterhead continues to advance forward to start the next round of tunneling.

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