Shallow-soil-covering and micro-sedimentation heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a shallow soil covering and micro sedimentation heading machine. The shallow covering soil and micro-settlement heading machine comprises a backward shrinkage heading device and an advanced heading device, the backward shrinkage heading device comprises an inner shell, a plurality of backward shrinkage heading machines are arranged in the middle of the inner shell, the advanced heading device comprises an outer shell arranged on the edge of the inner shell, and the front end of the outer shell protrudes out of the front end of the inner shell; a protective cover wrapping the operation end of the backward-shrinking heading machine is formed, a plurality of advanced heading machines are arranged in an inner cavity of the protective cover, and the advanced heading machines are evenly distributed along the edge of the inner shell and used for cutting off soil on the front side of the backward-shrinking heading machine. The problem of few applicable working conditions in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machine technology, and in particular to a tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement. Background Technology

[0002] A Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN105257310A, entitled "A Shield Tunneling Machine with Advance Protection at the Excavation Face," discloses a shield tunneling machine with advance protection at the excavation face using a ring-shaped cutterhead design. This design can pre-cut the soil, greatly reducing the disturbance of the surrounding soil layer at the inner cutterhead excavation face. However, the ring-shaped cutterhead in this application is a monolithic structure, causing significant disturbance to the surrounding soil during excavation. Therefore, it is only suitable for relatively hard soil layers. If used in soft soil, the settlement will be large, and the ring-shaped cutterhead is only applicable to circular cross-sections. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a tunneling machine that is suitable for soft soil conditions and can be used in shallow overburden and micro-settlement environments with any cross-sectional shape.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the shallow-cover, low-settlement tunneling machine of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A shallow-overburden, low-settlement tunneling machine includes a retraction tunneling device and an advance tunneling device. The retraction tunneling device includes an inner shell with several retraction tunneling machines arranged in the middle of the inner shell. The advance tunneling device includes an outer shell arranged at the edge of the inner shell, with the front end of the outer shell protruding from the front end of the inner shell, forming a protective cover that encloses the working end of the retraction tunneling machine. Multiple advance tunneling machines are arranged in the inner cavity of the protective cover. The advance tunneling machines are evenly arranged along the edge of the inner shell and are used to cut the soil in front of the retraction tunneling machine.

[0006] Preferably, the outer shell includes an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate. The rear part of the inner ring plate is located on the front side of the inner shell, the front end of the outer ring plate is flush with the front end of the inner ring plate, and the rear end of the outer ring plate extends towards the rear side of the inner shell. The inner and outer ring plates are connected as one unit by a front sealing plate and a rear sealing plate. The front sealing plate is located at the front end of the inner ring plate, and the rear sealing plate is located at the rear end of the inner ring plate. A pipe is provided between the front and rear sealing plates and sleeved on the outside of the working end of the advanced tunneling machine. A partition is provided on the rear side of the pipe. The outer side wall of the partition is welded to the inner wall of the outer ring plate, and the inner side wall of the partition is welded to the outer wall of the inner shell. The outer wall of the inner shell, the inner wall of the outer ring plate, and the end faces of the rear sealing plate and the partition form an advanced soil discharge chamber that communicates with each pipe. A mounting seat for installing the drive end of the advanced tunneling machine is provided on the opposite side of the pipe in the advanced soil discharge chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the advanced tunneling machine includes a reducer fixedly connected to the mounting base, a motor fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer, an advanced drive shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer and pivotally connected to the mounting base, the advanced drive shaft passing through the advanced soil discharge chamber and the pipeline, a helical blade is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the advanced drive shaft, and an advanced tunneling cutter protruding from the front side of the front sealing plate is provided at the front end of the advanced drive shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the middle part of the front sealing plate protrudes towards the rear sealing plate, and the two side edges of the front sealing plate form cutting edges with the ends of the inner and outer ring plates, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the advanced drive shaft and the partition.

[0010] Preferably, the inner shell is provided with a plurality of grouting pipes that communicate with the advanced soil discharge chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the inner shell is provided with a plurality of recessed soil discharge chambers that communicate with the advanced soil discharge chamber.

[0012] Preferably, a screw conveyor fixedly connected to the inner shell is provided at the rear soil discharge chamber.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. By replacing the annular cutterhead with multiple individual advanced tunneling machines, they can be arranged into circular, rectangular, horseshoe, elliptical, and other shapes as needed. Together with the retractable tunneling machine, they can cut any cross-sectional shape, making them widely applicable. Moreover, compared to the annular cutterhead, the cutting force of multiple advanced tunneling machines is dispersed, the torque is small, and the pressure is easy to control when cutting soil in coordination, resulting in less disturbance to the soil. Therefore, they are particularly suitable for soft soil conditions.

[0015] 2. Each advanced tunneling machine has its own soil discharge function, that is, the spiral blades transport the soil and debris cut by the advanced tunneling cutter to the advanced soil discharge chamber, and the soil discharge is smooth and efficient.

[0016] 3. The middle part of the front sealing plate protrudes towards the rear sealing plate, and the two side edges of the front sealing plate form cutting edges with the ends of the inner and outer ring plates, respectively, so that the cut soil and debris can enter the pipeline. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the shallow-cover, low-settlement tunneling machine of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA sectional view.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C.

[0020] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the inner shell and the outer shell.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the inner shell and the outer shell.

[0022] Among them, 1 is the retraction tunneling device, 11 is the inner shell, 12 is the retraction tunneling machine, 13 is the retraction soil discharge chamber, 14 is the screw conveyor, 15 is the grouting pipe, 16 is the through hole, 2 is the advanced tunneling device, 21 is the outer shell, 211 is the inner ring plate, 212 is the outer ring plate, 213 is the front sealing plate, 214 is the rear sealing plate, 215 is the pipe, 216 is the cutting edge, 22 is the partition plate, 221 is the mounting base, 23 is the advanced soil discharge chamber, 24 is the advanced tunneling machine, 241 is the reducer, 242 is the motor, 243 is the advanced drive shaft, 244 is the screw blade, 245 is the advanced tunneling cutter, and 25 is the sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. After reading this invention, any modifications of the invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0024] like Figure 1-5As shown, a shallow-overburden, low-settlement tunneling machine includes a retraction tunneling device 1 and an advance tunneling device 2. The retraction tunneling device 1 includes an inner shell 11, with a retraction tunneling machine 12 installed in the middle of the inner shell 11. The retraction tunneling machine includes a cutterhead drive mechanism fixedly connected to the inner shell. The cutterhead drive mechanism is assembled from a motor commonly used in the prior art through a planetary reducer and gearbox. The cutterhead drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the cutterhead rotatably connected to the inner shell. This retraction tunneling machine can cut out a circular cross-section. To cut out other shapes of cross-sections, the "Tunneling Machine Capable of Cutting Out Arbitrary Shapes" disclosed in CN202832556U can be used. A retraction discharge chamber 13 is provided at the bottom of the inner shell 11, and the inner shell 11 is located at the retraction discharge chamber 13. A screw conveyor 14 is installed. The advanced tunneling device 2 includes an outer shell 21, which includes an inner ring plate 211 and an outer ring plate 212. The rear part of the inner ring plate 211 is welded to the front outer wall of the inner shell 11. The front end of the outer ring plate 212 is flush with the front end of the inner ring plate 211, and the rear end of the outer ring plate 212 extends toward the rear side of the inner shell 11. The inner and outer ring plates are connected as one unit by a front sealing plate 213 and a rear sealing plate 214, forming a protective cover that encloses the working end of the retractable tunneling machine 12. The front sealing plate 213 is located at the front end of the inner ring plate 211, and the rear sealing plate 214 is located at the rear end of the inner ring plate 211. Multiple pipes 215 are welded between the front and rear sealing plates. The pipes 215 are evenly arranged along the edge of the inner shell 11, and the middle part of the front sealing plate 213 protrudes toward the rear sealing plate. 214. The two sides of the front sealing plate 213 form cutting edges 216 with the ends of the inner and outer ring plates, respectively, so that the front end of the protective cover forms a V-shaped groove, which facilitates the entry of the cut soil into the pipe. A baffle 22 is arranged on the rear side of the pipe 215. The outer side wall of the baffle 22 is welded to the inner wall of the outer ring plate 212, and the inner side wall of the baffle 22 is welded to the outer wall of the inner shell 11. The outer wall of the inner shell 11, the inner wall of the outer ring plate 212, and the end faces of the rear sealing plate 214 and the baffle 22 constitute the advanced soil discharge chamber 23 connected to each pipe 215. Three grouting pipes 15 connected to the advanced soil discharge chamber 23 are welded on the inner shell 11. Grout is injected into the advanced soil discharge chamber 23 through the grouting pipes 15, which can increase the plasticity, impermeability and flowability of the soil in the advanced soil discharge chamber 23. The bottom wall of the rearward soil discharge chamber 13 has a through hole 16 for connecting the advance soil discharge chamber 23 and the rearward soil discharge chamber 13. The advance soil discharge chamber 23 is located on the opposite side of the pipe 215 and has a mounting base 221 welded to it, which corresponds to the pipe 215. The mounting base 221 is used to install the advance tunneling machine 24. The advance tunneling machine 24 includes a reducer 241 fixedly connected to the mounting base 221. The input end of the reducer 241 is fixedly connected to a motor 242, and the output end of the reducer 241 is fixedly connected to an advance drive shaft 243 pivotally connected to the mounting base 221. A sealing ring 25 is installed between the advance drive shaft 243 and the partition plate 22 to prevent soil and debris in the advance soil discharge chamber from overflowing along the gap between the advance drive shaft and the partition plate and causing malfunctions. The advance drive shaft 243 passes through the advance soil discharge chamber 23 and the pipe 215.A helical blade 244 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the advance drive shaft 243, and an advance tunneling cutter 245 protruding from the front side of the front sealing plate 213 is mounted on the front end of the advance drive shaft 243.

[0025] The specific working process and principle of a shallow-cover, low-settlement tunneling machine: Multiple advance tunneling machines work collaboratively, excavating the soil in front of the retracting tunneling machine. This pre-cutting of the soil ensures that while the retracting tunneling machine excavates the soil inside its protective cover, the soil outside the cover remains unaffected. Even if the retracting tunneling machine over-excavates or under-excavates, ground subsidence or uplift will not occur, thus ensuring construction safety. The excavated soil from the advance tunneling machines is discharged through the advance discharge chamber to the retracting discharge chamber, where it is transported together with the excavated soil from the retracting tunneling machine by a screw conveyor to the rear. This invention utilizes multiple individual advance tunneling machines for advance excavation. These machines can be assembled into any geometric shape to meet the construction requirements of any cross-sectional shape. The cutting force of a single advance tunneling machine is dispersed, with low torque and easily controllable pressure, resulting in less disturbance to the soil.

Claims

1. A tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement, characterized in that: It includes a retractable tunneling device and an advanced tunneling device. The retractable tunneling device includes an inner shell, in which several retractable tunneling machines are arranged in the middle. The advanced tunneling device includes an outer shell located at the edge of the inner shell. The front end of the outer shell protrudes from the front end of the inner shell, forming a protective cover that encloses the working end of the retractable tunneling machine. Multiple advanced tunneling machines are arranged in the inner cavity of the protective cover. The advanced tunneling machines are evenly arranged along the edge of the inner shell and are used to cut the soil in front of the retractable tunneling machine.

2. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell includes an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate. The rear of the inner ring plate is located on the front side of the inner shell. The front end of the outer ring plate is flush with the front end of the inner ring plate, and the rear end of the outer ring plate extends towards the rear side of the inner shell. The inner and outer ring plates are connected as one unit by a front sealing plate and a rear sealing plate. The front sealing plate is located at the front end of the inner ring plate, and the rear sealing plate is located at the rear end of the inner ring plate. A pipe is provided between the front and rear sealing plates and is sleeved on the outside of the working end of the advanced tunneling machine. A partition is provided on the rear side of the pipe. The outer side wall of the partition is welded to the inner wall of the outer ring plate, and the inner side wall of the partition is welded to the outer wall of the inner shell. The outer wall of the inner shell, the inner wall of the outer ring plate, and the end faces of the rear sealing plate and the partition form an advanced soil discharge chamber that communicates with each pipe. A mounting base for installing the drive end of the advanced tunneling machine is provided on the opposite side of the pipe in the advanced soil discharge chamber.

3. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The advanced tunneling machine includes a reducer fixedly connected to the mounting base. A motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer, and an advanced drive shaft pivotally connected to the mounting base is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer. The advanced drive shaft passes through the advanced soil discharge chamber and the pipeline. Helical blades are provided on the outer circumference of the advanced drive shaft, and an advanced tunneling cutter protruding from the front side of the front sealing plate is provided at the front end of the advanced drive shaft.

4. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle part of the front sealing plate protrudes towards the rear sealing plate, and the two side edges of the front sealing plate form cutting edges with the ends of the inner and outer ring plates, respectively.

5. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided between the advanced drive shaft and the partition.

6. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner shell is equipped with several grouting pipes that communicate with the advanced soil discharge chamber.

7. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner shell is provided with several rear-shrinkage soil discharge chambers that are connected to the advanced soil discharge chamber.

8. The tunneling machine with shallow overburden and minimal settlement according to claim 7, characterized in that: A screw conveyor, which is fixedly connected to the inner shell, is installed at the rear soil discharge chamber.

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