Detachable tunnel face supporting and timbering connection integrated device

Abstract

The invention discloses a detachable tunnel face supporting and shoring connection integrated device, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction.The device comprises a primary shoring structure, a plurality of supporting modules are distributed in the circumferential direction of the primary shoring structure at intervals, and the multiple supporting modules are installed between the primary shoring structure and a tunnel face in parallel; the supporting module comprises a telescopic folding assembly, a hydraulic pump, a supporting beam and a buffering cushion, the supporting module supports the tunnel face in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the telescopic folding assembly can stretch out and draw back in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, one end of the telescopic folding assembly is connected with the primary supporting structure, and the other end of the telescopic folding assembly is connected with the hydraulic pump. The output end of the hydraulic pump faces one side of the tunnel face and is connected to one end of the supporting beam. The tunnel face can be temporarily supported, the instability collapse risk of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face is resisted, meanwhile, the surrounding rock deformation is controlled, and the subsequent excavation operation safety and the long-term stability of the tunnel structure are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device. Background Technology

[0002] The tunnel face is the "front-line working face" of tunnel excavation. After excavation, the stress that was originally balanced by the surrounding rock mass is rapidly released. Especially in weak surrounding rock of grades IV, V, and VI, the loose soil and rock are prone to rockfall, collapse, and slippage after losing their restraint. Even high-quality surrounding rock may experience a decrease in strength due to weathering and water seepage after long-term exposure. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a detachable integrated support and connection device for the tunnel face. This device can provide temporary support for the tunnel face, resist the risk of instability and collapse of the surrounding rock, control the deformation of the surrounding rock, and ensure the safety of subsequent excavation operations and the long-term stability of the tunnel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device, which can solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention discloses a detachable tunnel face support and integrated support connection device, including an initial support structure. Multiple support modules are distributed circumferentially along the initial support structure and installed in parallel between the initial support structure and the tunnel face. Each support module includes a telescopic folding assembly, a hydraulic pump, a support beam, and a buffer pad. The support module supports the tunnel face along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The telescopic folding assembly can extend and retract along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. One end of the telescopic folding assembly is connected to the initial support structure, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump. The output end of the hydraulic pump faces the tunnel face and is connected to one end of the support beam. The other end of the support beam is connected to the buffer pad, which contacts the tunnel face and supports it.

[0005] Furthermore, the telescopic folding assembly includes a tail plate, two guide rods fixed parallel to one side of the tail plate, and multiple first and second connecting rods installed between the two guide rods. One end of each guide rod is fixed with a fixing plate, and multiple sliding plates are slidably installed on the outer sides of the two guide rods. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on the tail plate via a support plate, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the outermost sliding plate. Each sliding plate corresponds to a set of first and second connecting rods. The middle parts of the first and second connecting rods are hinged by a first pin, and the first and second connecting rods are staggered. The first pin is fixed to the sliding plate, and a second pin is fixed to the fixing plate. The second pin is simultaneously hinged to one end of a third and fourth connecting rod, and the other ends of the third and fourth connecting rods are respectively hinged to the ends of the corresponding first and second connecting rods. A first flange connected to a hydraulic pump is installed on the outermost first and second connecting rods, and a second flange connected to the initial support structure is installed on the tail plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the initial support structure includes a first inner arch frame, a first outer arch frame coaxially installed on the outside of the first inner arch frame, and a first spoke set in the gap between the first inner arch frame and the first outer arch frame for connecting the first inner arch frame and the first outer arch frame. The tail plate of the support module is connected to the first spoke by a clamp.

[0007] Furthermore, a flange platform corresponding to the first flange is installed on the outside of the hydraulic pump.

[0008] Furthermore, a supporting steel arch frame is installed between the initial support structure and the working face. The supporting steel arch frame includes a second inner arch frame, a second outer arch frame coaxially installed on the outside of the second inner arch frame, and a second spoke set in the interval between the second inner arch frame and the second outer arch frame to connect the second inner arch frame and the second outer arch frame. A cylinder is fixed on the second spoke, and the cylinder corresponds to a hydraulic pump.

[0009] Furthermore, a protruding rib is fixed on the inner side of the cylinder, and the protruding rib extends along the axial direction of the cylinder. A sliding groove corresponding to the protruding rib is opened on the outer side of the hydraulic pump, and the protruding rib and the sliding groove slide together.

[0010] Furthermore, a hydraulic channel is provided on the inner side of the cylinder, and a through hole communicating with the hydraulic channel is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder. A piston is slidably sealed and installed in the through hole. The piston is connected to the cylinder through an elastic lifting device. The piston is in contact with the outer wall of the hydraulic pump. An oil pump is installed on the outer side of the cylinder and is connected to the hydraulic channel through a pipeline.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses a detachable integrated support and reinforcement device for tunnel faces. By arranging multiple support modules along the circumference, it can simultaneously adapt to the tunnel face shape, satisfying the flexibility of temporary support. Using the initial support structure as a base, it can promptly transfer support force to the tunnel face, ensuring timely temporary support. Employing this device, effective support can be provided to the tunnel face during muck removal and shotcrete construction stages, improving the stability of the tunnel face and enhancing tunnel construction safety. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first flange. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic and folding assembly; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder.

[0013] The following are labeled in the attached diagram: 1. Initial support structure; 2. Support module; 3. Telescopic folding assembly; 4. Hydraulic pump; 5. Support beam; 6. Buffer pad; 7. Tail plate; 8. Guide rod; 9. First connecting rod; 10. Second connecting rod; 11. Fixed plate; 12. Sliding plate; 13. Support plate; 14. Hydraulic cylinder; 15. First pin; 16. Second pin; 17. Third connecting rod; 18. Fourth connecting rod; 19. First flange; 20. Second flange; 21. First inner arch frame; 22. First outer arch frame; 23. First spoke; 24. Flange platform; 25. Support steel arch frame; 26. Second inner arch frame; 27. Second outer arch frame; 28. Second spoke; 29. ​​Cylinder; 30. Protrusion; 31. Slide groove; 32. Hydraulic channel; 33. Through hole; 34. Piston; 35. Elastic lifting device; 36. Oil pump. Detailed Implementation

[0014] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device, including an initial support structure 1, and multiple support modules 2 distributed circumferentially along the initial support structure 1. The multiple support modules 2 are installed in parallel between the initial support structure 1 and the tunnel face. Through the initial support structure 1, reaction force support is provided, which can apply external force to the tunnel face in a timely manner, fill stress gaps, improve the stability of the tunnel face, and avoid the occurrence of danger.

[0015] Specifically, the support module 2 disclosed in this invention includes a telescopic folding assembly 3, a hydraulic pump 4, a support beam 5, and a buffer pad 6. The support module 2 supports the tunnel face along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The telescopic folding assembly 3 can extend and retract along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, thereby fine-tuning the support position of the device to adapt to the needs of different positions and shapes of the tunnel face. The buffer pad 6 is made of highly elastic polyurethane, and the support force of each section of the top beam can be finely adjusted by the hydraulic pump 4 to conform to the arc contour and uneven surface of the tunnel face, preventing local blockage and overall instability and collapse. One end of the telescopic folding assembly 3 is connected to the initial support structure 1, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump 4. The output end of the hydraulic pump 4 faces the tunnel face and is connected to one end of the support beam 5. The output direction of the hydraulic pump 4 is consistent with the support direction of the device. The other end of the support beam 5 is connected to the buffer pad 6, which contacts the tunnel face and supports it.

[0016] The device of this invention is primarily adapted to Class IV and V weak surrounding rock and large-section tunnels. During construction, it involves excavating one section, supporting another, and locking the third section. During the muck removal and shotcrete construction stages, it can effectively support the tunnel face, improve the stability of the tunnel face, and enhance the safety of tunnel construction.

[0017] In this embodiment, the telescopic folding assembly 3 includes a tail plate 7, two guide rods 8 fixed parallel to one side of the tail plate 7, and multiple first connecting rods 9 and second connecting rods 10 installed between the two guide rods 8. A fixing plate 11 is fixed to one end of each of the two guide rods 8, and multiple sliding plates 12 are slidably installed on the outer sides of the two guide rods 8. The tail plate 7 and each sliding plate 12 are parallel to each other. The sliding plates 12 can slide along the guide rods 8 to adjust the shape of the first connecting rods 9 and the second connecting rods 10. Using this device, the torsion of the hydraulic pump 4 during support can be reduced, thus improving the stability of the support.

[0018] Hydraulic cylinders 14 are mounted on the tail plate 7 via support plates 13. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the outermost sliding plate 12. The hydraulic cylinder 14 is designed to drive the device to extend and retract. Each sliding plate 12 corresponds to a set of first connecting rods 9 and second connecting rods 10. The middle parts of the first connecting rods 9 and 10 are hinged by a first pin 15. The first connecting rods 9 and 10 are staggered end to end. The first pin 15 is fixed on the sliding plate 12. A second pin 16 is fixed on the fixing plate 11. The second pin 16 is simultaneously hinged to one end of the third connecting rod 17 and the fourth connecting rod 18. The other ends of the third connecting rod 17 and the fourth connecting rod 18 are respectively hinged to the ends of the corresponding first connecting rods 9 and 10. A first flange 19 connected to the hydraulic pump 4 is mounted on the outermost first connecting rods 9 and 10. A second flange 20 connected to the initial support structure 1 is mounted on the tail plate 7. The present invention equips the bottom of the telescopic folding component 3 with the telescopic folding component 3, which can automatically control the telescopic folding component 3 to extend and retract. After it reaches the predetermined position, the adaptive support module 2 provides temporary support for the working face, thereby achieving synchronous adaptation to the working face shape and providing support, making it more convenient to use.

[0019] In this embodiment, the initial support structure 1 includes a first inner arch frame 21, a first outer arch frame 22 coaxially installed on the outside of the first inner arch frame 21, and a first spoke 23 disposed in the gap between the first inner arch frame 21 and the first outer arch frame 22 for connecting the first inner arch frame 21 and the first outer arch frame 22. The first inner arch frame 21 and the first outer arch frame 22 are both arched and fixed on the inside of the tunnel. The tail plate 7 of the support module 2 is connected to the first spoke 23 by a clamp, which can improve the stability of the reaction support.

[0020] In this embodiment, a flange platform 24 corresponding to the first flange 19 is installed on the outside of the hydraulic pump 4, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of the hydraulic pump 4.

[0021] In this embodiment, a supporting steel arch frame 25 is also installed between the initial support structure 1 and the working face. The supporting steel arch frame 25 includes a second inner arch frame 26, a second outer arch frame 27 coaxially installed outside the second inner arch frame 26, and a second spoke 28 disposed in the interval between the second inner arch frame 26 and the second outer arch frame 27 to connect the second inner arch frame 26 and the second outer arch frame 27. A cylinder 29 is fixed on the second spoke 28, and the cylinder 29 corresponds one-to-one with the hydraulic pump 4. When the hydraulic pump 4 is working, the rotation of the motor and the movement of the plunger of the oil pump 36 will generate vibration and periodic inertial force. If the pump body is simply installed on the telescopic folding frame, these vibrations will be directly transmitted to the entire support structure skeleton, which may cause fatigue of local components or loosening of bolts. This invention supports the hydraulic pump 4 by designing the cylinder 29, reducing the bending moment force, reducing the amplitude of the device when the hydraulic pump 4 is started, and improving the stability of the support.

[0022] In this embodiment, a protruding rib 30 is fixed on the inner side of the cylinder 29. The protruding rib 30 extends along the axial direction of the cylinder 29. A sliding groove 31 corresponding to the protruding rib 30 is opened on the outer side of the hydraulic pump 4. The protruding rib 30 and the sliding groove 31 are slidably engaged.

[0023] In this embodiment, a hydraulic channel 32 is provided on the inner side of the cylinder 29, and a through hole 33 communicating with the hydraulic channel 32 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 29. A piston 34 is slidably and sealed in the through hole 33. The piston 34 is connected to the cylinder 29 through an elastic lifting device 35 and contacts the outer wall of the hydraulic pump 4. An oil pump 36 is installed on the outer side of the cylinder 29 and is connected to the hydraulic channel 32 through a pipe. By designing the piston 34, this invention can reduce the vibration generated by the hydraulic pump 4 when it is started, thereby reducing fatigue or bolt loosening in the device.

[0024] The specific operation sequence is as follows: excavation of the working face, with a single advance of 0.8-1m → connection of the telescopic folding assembly 3 to the initial support structure 1 via flanges and clamps → activation of the telescopic folding assembly 3 to extend and move forward to the designated position → activation of the hydraulic jacking beam to tighten the working face → monitoring of the support force and connection node load by pressure sensors → proceeding to the next round of excavation after ensuring safety.

[0025] The specific installation steps are as follows: 1. Positioning and marking: Mark the vertical docking points at the designated locations on the steel arch frame of the initial support structure and at the ends of the telescopic folding components 3, respectively; 2. Secure the clamps: Place the clamps on the marked positions on the steel arch frame, tighten the bolts to lock the clamps in place, and ensure they are not loose; 3. Install the flange: Weld the flange to the end of the telescopic folding assembly, then align the end of the device with the flange interface on the clamp and adjust it to be completely vertical; 4. Tightening and locking: Pass the bolts through the pre-drilled holes in the two flanges, then place the flat washer and spring washer in sequence, and tighten the nuts to complete the fixing; 5. Verification and review: Use a level / right-angle ruler to check the verticality and make minor adjustments until it meets the standard.

Claims

1. A detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device, characterized in that: The system includes an initial support structure, with multiple support modules spaced circumferentially along the initial support structure. These support modules are installed in parallel between the initial support structure and the tunnel face. Each support module includes a telescopic folding assembly, a hydraulic pump, a support beam, and a buffer pad. The support modules support the tunnel face along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The telescopic folding assembly can extend and retract along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. One end of the telescopic folding assembly is connected to the initial support structure, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump. The output end of the hydraulic pump faces the tunnel face and is connected to one end of the support beam. The other end of the support beam is connected to the buffer pad, which contacts and supports the tunnel face.

2. The detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic folding assembly includes a tail plate, two guide rods fixed parallel to one side of the tail plate, and multiple first and second connecting rods installed between the two guide rods. A fixing plate is fixed to one end of each guide rod, and multiple sliding plates are slidably installed on the outer sides of the two guide rods. A hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the tail plate via a support plate, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the outermost sliding plate. Each sliding plate corresponds to a set of first and second connecting rods. The middle parts of the first and second connecting rods are hinged by a first pin, and the first and second connecting rods are staggered. The first pin is fixed to the sliding plate, and a second pin is fixed to the fixing plate. The second pin is simultaneously hinged to one end of a third and fourth connecting rod, and the other ends of the third and fourth connecting rods are respectively hinged to the ends of the corresponding first and second connecting rods. A first flange connected to a hydraulic pump is installed on the outermost first and second connecting rods, and a second flange connected to the initial support structure is installed on the tail plate.

3. The detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The initial support structure includes a first inner arch frame, a first outer arch frame coaxially mounted on the outside of the first inner arch frame, and a first spoke set in the gap between the first inner arch frame and the first outer arch frame to connect the first inner arch frame and the first outer arch frame. The tail plate of the support module is connected to the first spoke by a clamp.

4. The detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flange platform corresponding to the first flange is installed on the outside of the hydraulic pump.

5. A detachable tunnel face support and integrated support connection device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: A supporting steel arch frame is also installed between the initial support structure and the working face. The supporting steel arch frame includes a second inner arch frame, a second outer arch frame coaxially installed on the outside of the second inner arch frame, and a second spoke set in the interval between the second inner arch frame and the second outer arch frame to connect the second inner arch frame and the second outer arch frame. A cylinder is fixed on the second spoke, and the cylinder corresponds to a hydraulic pump.

6. The detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the cylinder is fixed with a protruding rib, which extends along the axial direction of the cylinder. The outer side of the hydraulic pump is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the protruding rib, and the protruding rib and the sliding groove are in sliding fit.

7. The detachable tunnel face support and support connection integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hydraulic channel is provided on the inner side of the cylinder, and a through hole communicating with the hydraulic channel is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder. A piston is slidably sealed and installed in the through hole. The piston is connected to the cylinder through an elastic lifting device. The piston is in contact with the outer wall of the hydraulic pump. An oil pump is installed on the outer side of the cylinder and is connected to the hydraulic channel through a pipeline.

Images