Low-voltage explosion-proof device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety, and particularly relates to a low-pressure explosive-proof device which mainly comprises a cavity, an air channel, a sealing piece, a driver and a guide cover, low-pressure inert protective gas is arranged in the cavity, and the sealing piece is made of brittle materials; the driver is provided with a transmission part and an impact part, the impact part can be arranged to be of various configurations, and rapid and accurate unsealing of the sealing part is achieved in combination with the guide structure; the guide cover is of a conical structure, can incline in a directional mode, is additionally provided with a diffusion part, and can guide explosive-proof powder to be diffused in a directional mode towards key protection areas of a roadway. The device supports a split type or integrated main body structure, the sealing piece fixing mode and the driver triggering mode can be flexibly selected and matched, and multiple devices can be cooperatively arranged when the protection of a single device is insufficient. The device is efficient in response, accurate in protection, safe and reliable, adapts to various coal mine roadway working conditions, has mass production convenience and later maintenance convenience, can effectively block explosion flame spreading, and guarantees underground operation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety technology, and specifically relates to a low-pressure explosion-proof device. Background Technology

[0002] During coal mining, the tunnel environment is complex and influenced by various factors such as geological conditions, ventilation, and mining technology. Risks such as gas accumulation and coal dust dispersion are highly likely. Once the explosive limit is reached, an explosion can occur upon contact with an ignition source. The shock wave and high-temperature flames generated by the explosion can spread rapidly, causing equipment damage, casualties, and the accident area can easily expand further, seriously threatening safe production in the coal mine.

[0003] To reduce the hazards of explosions, explosion-proof devices have become crucial equipment for safety protection in coal mine roadways. Their core principle is to form a protective barrier by rapidly releasing the explosion-proof medium, thus blocking the propagation of the explosion. Existing explosion-proof devices mostly use high-pressure gas as the driving source for the explosion-proof medium, utilizing the instantaneous release force of the high-pressure gas to propel the explosion-proof powder to form a cloud. However, high-pressure gas storage requires withstanding high pressure, which not only places stringent requirements on the pressure resistance of the storage container, significantly increasing the manufacturing cost and production difficulty, but more importantly, during installation, maintenance, and inspection, improper operation or collisions could lead to accidental activation of the device, potentially causing an unexpected release of high-pressure gas with a large instantaneous impact force, easily causing direct injury to workers in the roadway and surrounding equipment. Therefore, to address these issues, we propose a safe and reliable explosion-proof technology solution.

[0004] The methods described in this section are not necessarily methods that had been previously conceived or adopted. Unless otherwise specified, no method described in this section should be assumed to be prior art simply because it is included in this section. Similarly, unless otherwise specified, the issues mentioned in this section should not be considered to be accepted in any prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this invention discloses a low-pressure explosion-proof device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A low-pressure explosion-proof device, comprising: A cavity used to store low-pressure gas; The air passage is connected to the cavity, and when the air passage is depressurized, it will drive the explosion-proof powder used for explosion protection. Seal, used to seal the airway; The actuator is used to drive the seal to release the blockage of the air passage, so as to open the air passage, allowing low-pressure gas to leak out through the air passage and thereby drive the explosion-proof powder to form an explosion-proof powder cloud.

[0007] The present invention also provides another low-pressure explosion-proof device, comprising: There are N chambers, each of which is used to store low-pressure gas; There are N air channels, each air channel is connected to a cavity, and when the air channel is depressurized, it will drive the explosion-proof powder used for explosion protection. N seals, each seal is used to seal the corresponding airway; The actuator is used to drive all the seals to release the corresponding gas passages at the same time, so as to open all the gas passages, allowing low-pressure gas to escape through the gas passages and drive the explosion-proof powder to form an explosion-proof powder cloud. N is a natural number greater than 1.

[0008] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: With comprehensive safety features, this invention is adapted to complex and harsh downhole conditions. It constructs a multi-layered safety protection system throughout the entire process of storage, triggering, and use. Utilizing low-pressure inert gases (nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, etc.) at 0.4-1.6 MPa as the driving medium significantly reduces the risk of tank rupture and leakage. Even in the event of an accidental leak, a high-speed jet of gas will not form, preventing injury to personnel and equipment. Furthermore, filling and maintenance do not require high-pressure equipment, making operation safer. The actuator is equipped with elastic elements and a safety bolt. The elastic elements filter minor disturbances and prevent accidental triggering, while the safety bolt ensures structural stability during transportation and installation. The dual-slide guide ensures precise action of the impact component, preventing seal failure. A permeable interceptor (pore size ≤ 4 mm) effectively intercepts seal fragments, and the slide limit prevents the impact component from ejecting. The seal and sealing components withstand environments ranging from 0℃ to 40℃, high humidity, and high sulfur. The overall structure has strong anti-interference capabilities, capable of handling extreme conditions such as downhole power outages, signal interruptions, and electromagnetic interference, ensuring stable and reliable operation of the device.

[0009] With precise and efficient explosion-proof response and significantly improved protective coverage quality, this invention achieves both timely explosion-proof response and stable protective effect through structural optimization of core components. The seal is made of brittle material (elongation ≤6%), and combined with the impact component's gradually changing cross-section, annular full-area impact, or sawtooth stress concentration design, it can complete brittle fragmentation of the seal within 0.015s, forming a clear breach and avoiding leakage blockage caused by plastic deformation. The guide cover adopts a 5°-60° conical structure, combined with a 30°-90° downward tilt and a truncated conical diffuser plate. Through single-path / dual-path guiding modes, it forcibly guides the explosion-proof powder to diffuse directionally towards the personnel and equipment concentrated area in the lower part of the roadway, solving the problems of misalignment and uneven concentration in the protection area of ​​traditional devices. The diffuser plate angle (30°-150°) and the guide cover tilt angle can be adjusted to adapt to roadways with different cross-sectional dimensions and installation heights, ensuring uniform coverage and qualified concentration of the explosion-proof powder cloud, effectively blocking the propagation of the explosion flame.

[0010] With a wide range of operating conditions and outstanding scalability and practicality, this invention achieves comprehensive adaptability to different downhole scenarios through multi-dimensional structural improvements. The actuator supports multiple methods such as shock wave induction mechanical drive, electromagnetic drive, and explosive agent drive. The impact component can be arranged on one or the opposite side of the seal, and the dual-impact component linkage configuration can better adapt to bidirectional shock wave triggering and unidirectional directional explosion-proof requirements. The device can be matched with the protection requirements of different gas risk levels and roadway cross sections by adjusting the cavity volume (15-30L), the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the gas passage (300-10000mm²), the gas type, and the explosion-proof powder ratio (bicarbonate, inert mineral, composite modified). When a single device is insufficient, multiple devices can be arranged in coordination to achieve full-area protection coverage. The guide cover and diffuser can be replaced with irregular structures to adapt to irregular cross-section roadways, further expanding the application scenario boundaries of the device and taking into account the explosion-proof requirements of both conventional and special operating conditions.

[0011] With its flexible and adaptable structural design and excellent processing, assembly, and mass production capabilities, this invention achieves flexible adaptation and efficient production of core components through modular and multi-scheme structural design. The main body of the device can adopt a split structure (assembly of gas tank and sealing plate) or an integrated structure (casting / forging). The split design reduces processing difficulty and improves mass production efficiency, while the integrated structure enhances sealing and pressure resistance performance, adapting to different working conditions. The sealing element fixing methods include various forms such as receiving groove positioning + pressure element clamping, welding, and direct bolt connection. The pressure element can be ring-shaped, segmented arc-shaped, or independent clamping block. The sealing element uses high-humidity and corrosion-resistant fluororubber, forming multiple sealing guarantees. The drive's transmission component guide and impact component configuration (block, ring, sawtooth, etc.) all support differentiated selection and can be matched according to actual needs, which reduces manufacturing costs and improves the convenience of assembly and subsequent maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 6 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 7 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the impact component in Embodiment 8 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the impact component in Embodiment 9 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 10 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 11 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 14 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 12 of the low-pressure explosion-proof device of the present invention.

[0013] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows: The device consists of: main body 1, cavity 1a, air passage 1b, air-permeable interceptor 11, guide cover 12, sealing membrane 121, diffuser 122, gas tank 13, sealing plate 14, receiving groove 14a, pressure component 15, annular seal 16, slide 17, seal 3, driver 5, drive assembly 51, force-bearing component 511, transmission component 512, transmission bracket 513, impact component 52, sawtooth 521, penetrating component 53, connecting component 54, elastic component 55, and safety bolt 56. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Example 1 Reference Figures 1-2 As shown, the low-pressure explosion-proof device of this embodiment includes a cavity 1a, a gas duct 1b, a seal 3, and an actuator 5. The cavity 1a is used to store low-pressure gas, the gas duct 1b is connected to the cavity 1a, and when the gas duct 1b is depressurized, it will drive the explosion-proof powder used for explosion protection. The seal 3 is used to close the gas duct 1b, and the actuator 5 is used to drive the seal 3 to release the closure of the gas duct 1b.

[0016] The low-pressure gas described in this embodiment is selected from non-flammable and non-combustible inert protective gases. Specifically, one or a mixture of two or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon can be selected. The selection needs to be determined comprehensively based on downhole working conditions, storage costs, and explosion-proof synergy.

[0017] If nitrogen is selected, it has the advantages of stable chemical properties, wide availability, and low preparation and storage costs. Moreover, nitrogen has a density close to that of air, and after release, it can be evenly dispersed in the roadway space to form a synergistic protection system with the explosion-proof powder, which is suitable for the explosion-proof requirements of conventional coal mine roadways. If carbon dioxide is used, its density is greater than that of air. After being released, it is easy to settle in the lower part of the tunnel, which can specifically enhance the asphyxiation explosion-proof effect in areas where personnel and equipment are concentrated. At the same time, carbon dioxide can form a physicochemical synergy with some explosion-proof powders such as bicarbonate powders, improving the flame suppression efficiency and making it suitable for protection scenarios in high-risk areas in the lower part of the tunnel. If argon is selected, its inertness is stronger than that of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and its chemical stability is the best. It can withstand the extreme working conditions of high sulfur and high temperature in underground mines, and will not react with underground equipment or rock mass. It is suitable for special coal mine roadways with high risk and high corrosion. If a mixed gas is used, nitrogen and carbon dioxide can be mixed in a preset ratio to balance cost advantages and precise protection of the middle and lower areas, or a small amount of argon can be added to improve stability under extreme conditions, thus achieving a balance between protective performance and economy.

[0018] In addition to the gas types shown above, other gases supporting the explosion-proof structure can also be selected in other embodiments. For example, in actual use, air can be used as the gas source for consideration of filling efficiency and cost. The filling pressure of the above-mentioned gas needs to be controlled in the low-pressure range of 0.4-1.6MPa to ensure sufficient kinetic energy to drive the explosion-proof powder to form a qualified cloud, while avoiding the pressure risk of the tank caused by high-pressure filling, and adapting to the conventional structural strength of the main body 1 of the device.

[0019] The explosion-proof powder described in this embodiment is selected from powder materials that are resistant to high humidity and high sulfur corrosion environments underground, are non-flammable and do not support combustion, and can efficiently absorb the heat of an explosion flame and interrupt the combustion chain. Specifically, single-function powders or composite modified powders can be selected. The selection of each type and the applicable scenarios are as follows: Bicarbonate powders: Modified sodium bicarbonate powder, potassium bicarbonate powder, or a mixture thereof can be selected. These powders possess excellent chemical explosion-suppressing properties. When exposed to high-temperature explosion flames, they rapidly decompose, releasing carbon dioxide and water vapor. This not only reduces the flame temperature by absorbing heat but also isolates the oxygen supply for combustion and interrupts the combustion chain reaction. After hydrophobic and anti-caking modification treatment, they can withstand the high-humidity environment underground, preventing powder agglomeration from affecting diffusion uniformity. They are suitable for conventional explosion protection scenarios in coal mine roadways, and are especially suitable for flame-blocking requirements in roadways with high methane concentrations.

[0020] Inert mineral powders: Natural inert mineral powders such as talc, mica, and kaolin can be selected. These powders are chemically stable, do not react with the underground media, and are widely available and inexpensive. Their plate-like or layered structure can form a physical barrier layer on the flame front, while absorbing flame heat through the thermal conduction and radiation of the powder particles. They are suitable for coal mine roadways with low gas and high dust, or can be used as auxiliary powders in combination with bicarbonate powders.

[0021] Composite modified powders: Customized powders such as bicarbonate-inert mineral composite powders can be selected. Bicarbonate-inert mineral composite powders can achieve both chemical explosion suppression and physical barrier effects, and a balance between protective efficiency and cost can be achieved through proportional adjustment.

[0022] In addition to the explosion-proof powder types shown above, other explosion-proof powders that support explosion-proof can also be selected in other embodiments, such as the commonly used ABC powder, whose core component is mainly ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0023] In this embodiment, the low-pressure explosion-proof device is further configured with a device body 1, which includes two components: a gas tank 13 and a sealing plate 14. The gas tank 13 has a cylindrical structure that is closed at the left end and open at the right end, and the sealing plate 14 is adapted to be connected to the open right end of the gas tank 13. After assembly, the two together enclose a cavity 1a for storing low-pressure gas. At the same time, a gas passage 1b connected to the cavity 1a is directly formed on the sealing plate 14, thereby achieving a stable connection between the cavity 1a and the gas passage 1b.

[0024] This embodiment uses a split structure to construct cavity 1a and connect cavity to air passage. Air tank 13 can be formed by standardized cylindrical parts processing technology. Sealing plate 14 and air passage 1b can also be manufactured by conventional stamping and drilling processes. The overall components have low processing difficulty and mature forming technology. Moreover, each part can be mass-produced separately and then assembled, which greatly improves production efficiency, reduces manufacturing costs, and has significant mass production advantages.

[0025] Furthermore, the detachable nature of the split structure provides the device with excellent maintenance convenience: during routine maintenance or adjustment of operating conditions, there is no need to disassemble or replace the entire device body. By disassembling the connecting fasteners, vulnerable parts such as the sealing plate 14 and seals can be inspected, cleaned, or replaced. When it is necessary to adjust the cavity volume or airway parameters, the corresponding gas tank 13 or sealing plate 14 can be directly replaced without redesigning and manufacturing the entire device. This significantly reduces maintenance costs and downtime, effectively improving the economic efficiency and operating condition adaptability of the device throughout its entire life cycle.

[0026] In addition to the split structure adopted in this embodiment, in other embodiments, depending on the actual working conditions and processing conditions, an integrally formed structure can be used to construct the cavity 1a and connect it with the air passage 1b. That is, through processes such as casting, forging or seamless welding, the gas tank and the sealing plate can be integrated into a single device body, making the cavity 1a a seamless whole space. At the same time, the corresponding parts of the air passage 1b and the device body can be directly integrally formed, thereby improving the sealing reliability and pressure resistance of the overall structure and making it suitable for application scenarios with higher requirements for structural strength and sealing.

[0027] In this embodiment, the sealing element 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing plate 14 facing the cavity 1a. Its core function is to completely block the inner opening of the airway 1b, thereby blocking the communication path between the cavity 1a and the airway 1b and achieving reliable sealing of the airway 1b.

[0028] This closed structure possesses outstanding structural stability. Since the sealing element 3 is directly fixed to the inner side of the sealing plate 14, when the low-pressure gas in the cavity 1a exerts outward pressure on the sealing element 3, this pressure can be directly transmitted to the sealing plate 14 body, providing direct and stable support for the sealing element 3. This pressure transmission mechanism not only prevents the sealing element 3 from loosening or shifting due to gas pressure, but also further compacts the contact surface between the sealing element 3 and the sealing plate 14, significantly enhancing the connection strength and sealing tightness between the two, effectively reducing the risk of gas leakage.

[0029] In addition to the sealing method of fixing the inner side of the sealing plate to block the airway used in this embodiment, in other embodiments, the following differentiated airway sealing schemes can be selected according to actual working conditions: First, the sealing element 3 is designed as a piston-type structure that is adapted to the inner wall of the airway 1b. It forms a sliding seal with the inner wall of the airway through the sealing ring. Under normal conditions, the sliding is restricted by the limiting structure, thereby blocking the airway; Second, it is fixed to the inner wall of the airway 1b. That is, the sealing element 3 is directly fixed in the internal channel of the airway 1b by interference fit or bonding, and the airway is sealed by filling the cross section of the airway; Third, it is fixed on the side of the sealing plate 14 away from the cavity 1a. That is, the sealing element 3 is installed on the outside of the sealing plate and the airway 1b is sealed by covering the outer end opening.

[0030] In this embodiment, the inner side of the sealing plate 14 has a receiving groove 14a adapted to the sealing member 3. The sealing member 3 is placed in the receiving groove 14a and pressed tightly by the pressing member 15. The groove wall of the receiving groove 14a cooperates with the side wall of the sealing member 3 to limit the radial displacement of the sealing member 3, ensuring that the sealing member 3 is always aligned with the inner end opening of the air passage 1b, maintaining a stable seal on the air passage. The pressing member 15 can apply a continuous and uniform preload to multiple positions of the sealing member 3 through circumferentially evenly distributed bolts or other fasteners, thereby tightly pressing the sealing member 3 into the receiving groove 14a, forming a reliable axial limit. In addition to the combination of positioning of the receiving groove and pressing of the clamping element in this embodiment, other embodiments may also adopt fixing methods such as welding or direct bolt connection according to the working conditions. If welding is used, the sealing element 3 can be directly welded to the bottom of the receiving groove 14a or the edge of the opening of the air passage 1b. Its advantage is that there is no extra connection gap and the sealing reliability is optimal. If direct bolt connection is used, there is no need to open the receiving groove. The sealing element 3 is directly fastened to the position of the air passage opening on the inner side of the sealing plate 14 by multiple circumferentially distributed bolts. This method saves the processing steps of the receiving groove and is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pressure member 15 is an annular shape adapted to the shape of the seal 3. This annular structure can form a complete clamping ring along the circumference of the seal 3, ensuring that the pre-tightening force is evenly applied to all parts of the seal. At the same time, its hollow area will not block the gas flow path in the cavity 1a, and can also reserve space for the trigger end of the actuator 5, compatible with various driving methods such as explosion and pushing. In addition to the annular shape of this embodiment, other embodiments can also use pressure members with various differentiated structures, such as multiple independent clamping blocks fastened to the sealing plate by individual bolts, or segmented arc-shaped pressure blocks, that is, multiple arc-shaped pressure blocks spliced ​​into an annular structure, with each pressure block being independently bolted.

[0032] In this embodiment, there is an annular seal 16 between the sealing plate 14 and the sealing element 3 for sealing the gap. The seal can be made of fluororubber material that is resistant to high humidity and corrosion, and can withstand the harsh environment of high sulfur and high humidity downhole, avoiding leakage channels caused by corrosion at the gap. It works in synergy with the uniform pre-tightening of the annular pressure element to further improve the overall sealing reliability.

[0033] In this embodiment, the actuator 5 uses a destructive triggering method to release the seal 3 from the air passage 1b. Specifically, after receiving an explosion warning signal or sensing an explosion shock wave, the actuator 5 outputs instantaneous explosive impact force, rigid pushing force, etc., to act on the seal 3, directly damaging the seal 3, thereby opening the communication path between the cavity 1a and the air passage 1b.

[0034] To ensure the timeliness of the unsealing action and the efficiency of gas venting, the sealing element 3 in this embodiment is made of a brittle material. The brittle material has an elongation of ≤6% and can withstand an impact energy of ≤3kJ / m² within the working temperature range of 0℃-40℃ downhole, thereby ensuring that the material has typical brittle fracture characteristics. Specifically, the brittle material can be one of glass, alumina ceramic, high-purity graphite, cast brittle alloy (such as brittle cast iron), or brittle polymer (such as polystyrene), or it can be a composite of two or more materials.

[0035] If the seal 3 is made of two or more composite materials, it can be made of alumina ceramic and phenolic brittle resin. The ceramic serves as the core brittle skeleton to ensure the fracture response speed, while the phenolic brittle resin fills the gaps in the ceramic and coats the surface. This retains the overall brittle fracture characteristics and improves the overall structural strength of the seal. At the same time, the resin layer can isolate the high humidity air in the mine, playing a role in moisture and corrosion prevention. Alternatively, it can be made of brittle cast iron and high-purity graphite. The cast iron provides a rigid brittle matrix to ensure rapid fracture formation, while the graphite layer enhances the seal's resistance to sulfur corrosion, making it suitable for the high-sulfur environment in coal mines. Borosilicate glass can also be combined with modified brittle adhesive. The glass ensures the brittle fracture effect, while the modified brittle adhesive optimizes the fit and sealing of the seal and the sealing plate. At the same time, the adhesive layer can alleviate the problem of glass brittleness and easy edge chipping, taking into account both unsealing efficiency and installation compatibility. The core advantage of this type of composite brittle material lies in its ability to retain the core performance of brittle fracture upon impact and rapid breach formation, while specifically addressing the shortcomings of single brittle materials. It meets the time requirements for explosion-proof unsealing, adapts to the complex working conditions of high humidity and high corrosion in underground mines, and enhances the structural strength and installation compatibility of the seal, thereby improving overall service life and reliability. When subjected to the breaking force of the actuator 5, this material will directly undergo integral brittle fracture rather than plastic deformation. This avoids the seal 3 from remaining in the gas passage 1b due to plastic bending, local adhesion, or other problems that could cause flow blockage. Furthermore, it can quickly form a large, unobstructed breach at the inner end of the gas passage 1b, allowing the low-pressure gas in the cavity 1a to escape at high speed. This, in turn, drives the explosion-proof powder to rapidly diffuse and form a qualified explosion-proof cloud, meeting the emergency protection time requirements in high-speed propagation scenarios of explosion flames in underground coal mines.

[0036] In addition to the broken seal release method used in this embodiment, in other embodiments, a non-destructive release method that drives the seal to move can be adopted according to the requirements of device reusability and maintenance convenience under working conditions. For example, for the aforementioned piston-type seal, when explosion isolation is required, the driver 5 drives the release of the limit so that the seal slides out along the inner wall of the air passage under the action of air pressure to achieve release.

[0037] In this embodiment, the driver 5 includes a driving component 51 and an impact member 52. During explosion-proof operation, the driving component 51 outputs driving force to drive the impact member 52 to impact the seal 3 at high speed, causing the seal 3 to undergo integral brittle fracture along the preset stress direction, thereby quickly forming a rupture at the inner end of the gas passage 1b that meets the gas flow requirements, ensuring that the low-pressure gas in the cavity 1a can be efficiently released and drive the explosion-proof powder to form a cloud.

[0038] This embodiment of impact failure mode has a fast response time, and the kinetic energy transfer of the impacting component is direct and without redundant links. The entire process from receiving the signal to the sealing component breaking and forming a rupture can be controlled within 0.015 seconds, which can accurately match the high-speed propagation rhythm of the explosion flame in the coal mine. In addition, the morphology of the impact failure rupture is controllable. By pre-setting the impact point and the stress structure of the sealing component, it can be ensured that the cross-sectional area of ​​the rupture after breaking is stable and meets the standard. Furthermore, this structure has strong adaptability, the overall module is small in size, and can be integrated into the reserved space of the main body of the device. Moreover, the impact force is concentrated and will not cause additional damage to the sealing plate, gas tank and other surrounding components.

[0039] In addition to the impact failure method of this embodiment, other embodiments may also employ blast failure, that is, filling the drive component with a micro explosive agent, and after triggering, the shock wave generated by the deflagration of the agent directly ruptures the seal.

[0040] In this embodiment, the impact member 52 is disposed on the side of the seal 3 facing the cavity 1a, and can directly act on the seal 3 under the drive of the drive component 51 to complete the sealing action; in other embodiments, the impact member 52 can also be disposed on the other side of the seal 3 away from the cavity 1a, and the sealing can be broken by reverse drive, so as to adapt to different overall structural layouts and power transmission paths of the device.

[0041] The impact member 52 adopts a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing structure. Its cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the end away from the seal 3 to the end closer to the seal 3. Based on the inverse relationship between pressure and contact area, this design can effectively reduce the contact area between the impact end and the seal 3 under the same driving force, thereby significantly increasing the impact pressure and providing a sufficient force basis for rapid seal breaking.

[0042] Meanwhile, the impact member 52 is deliberately not provided with a dotted tip at the end near the seal 3. The core purpose is to avoid forming only small local perforations on the seal 3, which would cause large-area damage to the seal 3. Small perforations can easily limit the release rate of gas and explosion-proof powder in the cavity 1a, and can easily cause local blockage due to the small aperture. Large-area damage can form a smooth and regular leakage channel, ensuring that the gas can quickly carry the dynamic explosion-proof powder through the air passage 1b to diffuse, ensuring that the explosion-proof fog reaches the preset protection concentration and coverage range in a short time.

[0043] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 51 includes a force-receiving component 511 and a transmission component 512. The force-receiving component 511 is a disc-shaped shock wave sensing component that can directly receive the shock wave pressure generated by the downhole explosion. The transmission component 512 is a rigid rod-shaped structure, with one end fixedly connected to the force-receiving component 511 and the other end connected to the impact component 52. The three components form a stable force transmission link.

[0044] In this embodiment, the transmission component 512 is located on the side of the seal 3 facing the cavity 1a. Specifically, the transmission component 512 penetrates the left wall of the gas tank 13 and is slidably connected to it. The force-bearing component 511 is fixed to the left end of the transmission component 512. Therefore, when the force-bearing component 511 is subjected to a shock wave from the left, the shock wave from the left can push the force-bearing component 511 to move to the right, so as to transmit it synchronously to the impact component 52 through the transmission component 512, causing the impact component 52 to impact the seal 3 from the inside of the cavity 1a, causing the seal 3 to brittlely fracture. In this way, a rupture that meets the gas flow requirements can be formed at the inner end of the gas passage 1b, thereby completing the gas passage unsealing and the driving trigger of the explosion-proof powder.

[0045] This shock wave-based mechanical linkage drive method does not rely on external power supply or signal transmission systems. It can be driven directly by shock waves, effectively coping with extreme conditions such as downhole power outages and signal interruptions, ensuring the reliability of triggering. In addition, there is no response delay, the force transmission path is purely mechanical linkage, and there is no signal processing time of electronic components, which precisely matches the high-speed propagation rhythm of the explosion flame. Furthermore, this drive method has strong anti-interference capabilities, and the mechanical structure is not easily affected by factors such as downhole electromagnetic interference. Its structural stability and environmental adaptability far exceed those of the electronically controlled drive module.

[0046] In addition to the shock wave sensing mechanical drive method in this embodiment, other embodiments may also select electromagnetic drive or explosive agent drive methods according to the working conditions.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the seal 3 is impacted from the inside of cavity 1a, and the impact direction is consistent with the subsequent gas leakage direction inside the cavity. That is, the direction of the splashing of seal 3 fragments will be consistent with the leakage direction. This can avoid the seal 3 fragments generating large resistance to gas leakage and ensure rapid and smooth gas release. This arrangement does not occupy the space outside the gas duct 1b, and can avoid the interference of external structures on the diffusion path of the explosion-proof powder, thus improving reliability. In addition, in this embodiment, the angle ε between the axis of the transmission component 512 and the axis of the guide cover 12 is 0 degrees, that is, coaxial setting. The coaxial scheme can eliminate the eccentric torque and realize the axial efficient transmission of driving force, improve the response speed and reliability of impact seal breaking, and at the same time make the internal layout of the device symmetrical and the force uniform, and do not interfere with the diffusion path of the explosion-proof powder to ensure smooth and accurate channel. It can also simplify the production and assembly process by unifying the assembly positioning benchmark, which is convenient for later inspection and maintenance and reduces operation and maintenance costs.

[0048] In this embodiment, two slide blocks 17 are also provided on the main body 1 of the device corresponding to the movement trajectory of the transmission component 512. The slide blocks 17 slide in cooperation with the transmission component 512 to provide stable guidance for the sliding movement of the transmission component 512. The two slide blocks 17 are distributed along the axial direction of the transmission component 512. One slide block 17 is close to the connection end of the impact component 52, specifically located inside the gas tank 13, and the other slide block 17 is close to the connection end of the force-bearing component 511, specifically located on the left side of the outer side of the gas tank 13. This double slide block guiding layout can limit the radial swing of the transmission component 512 by synchronously guiding both ends. This ensures that the impact component 52 always impacts the designated force point of the seal 3 along the preset axial direction, avoiding impact deviation that could cause the seal to break and fail to meet the standards.

[0049] In addition to the dual-slide configuration of this embodiment, other embodiments may adjust the number of slides according to the length of the transmission component and the working conditions, such as a single slide or three or more slides.

[0050] In this embodiment, the driver 5 is also equipped with an elastic element 55, which is preferably a spring. It is sleeved on the outside of the transmission component 512, with one end abutting against the force-bearing end face of the side of the transmission component 512, and the other end abutting against the slide 17 on the outside of the main body 1 of the device, so as to form a stable elastic support structure. This elastic element 55 has a dual core function: on the one hand, when the driving component 51 is driven by an external force to move towards the sealing component 3, the elastic element will be compressed and generate a reverse elastic force, forming a motion resistance. This resistance can filter the interference of slight external forces such as vibration of downhole equipment and airflow disturbance. Only when the impact force generated by the explosion shock wave is sufficient to overcome this resistance can the impact component 52 be driven to complete the impact on the sealing component 3, effectively improving the driver's anti-false triggering capability and ensuring the stability of the device under non-emergency conditions; on the other hand, after the driving component 51 drives the impact component 52 to complete the impact and breakage of the sealing component, the rebound force of the elastic element 55 can drive the driving component and the impact component to quickly return to the initial position.

[0051] In this embodiment, the slide 17 is a cylindrical structure with an inner diameter smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the impact member 52. After the impact member 52 completes its impact action on the seal 3 with the drive assembly 51, if it is pushed by the gas pressure of the gas venting from the cavity 1a to slide away from the seal and reaches the slide 17, the slide 17 will directly block the end of the impact member 52, thereby limiting the impact member 52 from continuing to move through the slide 17. The core purpose of this limiting design is to prevent the impact member 52 from completely detaching from the constraint of the device body 1 under the action of gas pressure and popping outward. This prevents it from causing collision damage to the surrounding equipment downhole, avoids secondary mechanical injury to on-site personnel, and also prevents the impact member from falling off and causing the drive assembly structure to fail, thus ensuring the subsequent structural integrity of the device.

[0052] In this embodiment, a safety bolt 56 is installed between the slide 17 near the force-bearing component 511 and the transmission component 512. This safety bolt 56 serves as a mandatory safety measure during transportation, storage, installation, and maintenance, restricting the sliding of the transmission component 512 to prevent the seal 3 from being broken when not in operation. When in operation, the safety bolt 56 should be removed.

[0053] In this embodiment, the main body 1 of the device is integrally formed or sealed with a guide cover 12 at the outer outlet of the air duct 1b. The basic function of the guide cover 12 is to limit the diffusion position of the explosion-proof powder, ensuring that the explosion-proof powder cloud can directionally cover the predetermined explosion-proof area, and avoiding the irregular diffusion of powder that causes blind spots or waste of resources. In this embodiment, the guide cover 12 has a conical structure. The radial dimension of the end near the air duct 1b is smaller and it is connected to the outer port of the air duct 1b. The radial dimension of the end away from the air duct 1b is larger and forms an opening. This conical structure can constrain the diffusion direction of the airflow and powder through the channel direction, so as to achieve precise control of the diffusion position. At the same time, the guide cover 12 has the dual functions of explosion-proof powder storage and guidance. Its internal cavity can be pre-filled with a certain amount of explosion-proof powder, and a sealing membrane 121 is provided at the open end, which can isolate external dust and moisture under normal conditions, and prevent the explosion-proof powder from getting damp and clumping or being lost. When the low-pressure gas in cavity 1a is released at high speed through air passage 1b, the airflow will break through the sealing membrane 121 and drive the explosion-proof powder in the guide cover to diffuse in a direction along the conical channel to the predetermined explosion-proof area, so as to limit the diffusion position and ensure that the explosion-proof cloud accurately covers the predetermined area.

[0054] Within the longitudinal section of the guide cover 12 along the axis, the included angle between the upper and lower sides of its inner wall is α, and the value of α is limited to 5°-60°. In this embodiment, α is preferably 20°. This angle allows the explosion-proof powder to form a spray area and cloud concentration that are suitable for the protection requirements. It can not only accurately confine the powder within the preset protection area, but also ensure that the explosion-proof powder concentration in the area meets the standard to block the spread of the explosion flame. In other embodiments, the specific value of α can be adjusted according to the actual cross-sectional size of the underground roadway, the range of the preset protection area, and the working conditions such as the gas discharge pressure of the cavity, so as to match the explosion-proof protection requirements in different scenarios.

[0055] In this embodiment, the main body 1 of the device is further provided with a breathable interceptor 11, which is fixedly installed on the outside of the sealing plate 14. It has the dual functions of gas flow and fragment interception, and can effectively intercept fragments generated by the breakage of the sealing plate 3 without obstructing the release of gas and explosion-proof powder from the cavity 1a to the air passage 1b. Its breathable pore diameter is ≤4mm, which can intercept large-sized fragments to avoid high-speed ejection and damage to personnel or equipment. Small fragments with a particle size <4mm will have their kinetic energy attenuated by air resistance after being ejected and will not pose a substantial hazard. In addition, in this embodiment, the breathable interceptor 11 is concave in shape. This shape can be fitted and fixed to the sealing plate 14. At the same time, the concave structure increases the effective area for fragment interception and prevents the pores from being blocked by fragment accumulation.

[0056] In its initial state, the low-pressure explosion-proof device is fixed to a predetermined position on the top or side wall of the coal mine roadway by a mounting bracket. The open end of the guide cover 12 faces the core protection area of ​​the roadway cross-section, ensuring that the diffusion path of the explosion-proof powder accurately covers the predetermined range. The cavity 1a of the main body 1 of the device stores non-flammable and non-combustible low-pressure inert gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon. The guide cover 12 is pre-filled with explosion-proof powder that is resistant to the humid underground environment and is non-flammable and non-combustible, such as modified sodium bicarbonate powder, potassium bicarbonate powder, talc powder, or mica powder. The sealing membrane 121 at its open end can isolate external dust and moisture, preventing the explosion-proof powder from becoming damp, clumping, or being lost. At this time, the sealing element 3 is positioned by the receiving groove 14a, pressed by the annular pressing element 15, and sealed by the annular sealing element 16, reliably sealing the gas passage 1b; the safety bolt 56 of the actuator 5 has been removed, and the elastic element 55 provides resistance against accidental triggering. The entire device is in the explosion-proof preparatory state, waiting to be triggered.

[0057] When an explosion occurs downhole, the shock wave first acts on the disc-shaped force-bearing component 511 of the actuator 5. After overcoming the pre-tightening resistance of the elastic component 55, it pushes the transmission component 512 to move along the guide axis of the double slide block 17, driving the cross-section gradually changing impact component 52 to impact the sealing component 3 at high speed from the inside of the cavity 1a. The sealing component 3 is made of brittle material (such as glass, alumina ceramic, or composite brittle material). After being impacted, it quickly undergoes brittle fragmentation, and the gas passage 1b quickly forms a smooth breach. The fragments fly in the same direction as the gas release and are intercepted by the gas-permeable interceptor 11. After the breach is formed, the low-pressure inert gas in the cavity 1a is released at high speed, breaks through the sealing membrane 121 of the guide cover 12 through the gas passage 1b, and drives the internal explosion-proof powder to diffuse directionally along the conical guide cover 12, forming a uniform explosion-proof powder cloud. When the flame front of the explosion spreads to the cloud and fog area, the explosion-proof powder quickly absorbs the heat of the flame, and together with the inert gas, isolates the oxidizing gas and combustible materials, effectively blocking the flame transmission, attenuating the intensity of the shock wave, and ultimately suppressing the spread of the explosion and preventing the accident from expanding.

[0058] Using low-pressure inert protective gas as the driving medium has significant safety benefits: its lower storage pressure greatly reduces the risk of leakage from cavity 1a due to material aging, external impact, or complex downhole conditions. Even in the event of an accidental leak, the low-pressure gas will not form the high-speed jet of the original high-pressure gas, effectively preventing impact injuries to downhole workers and damage to equipment in the roadway. Furthermore, the filling, replenishment, and maintenance of the low-pressure gas do not rely on high-pressure filling equipment, making the operation simpler and safer, reducing safety hazards caused by improper high-pressure operation and lowering operational risks for workers. In addition, the low-pressure state results in a smaller pressure load on gas passage 1b and seal 3, reducing wear and aging of the sealing structure, lowering the probability of premature gas leakage due to seal failure, and preventing the unexpected diffusion of explosion-proof powder caused by accidental gas release, which could affect normal downhole operations or cause explosion-proof devices to fail. This ensures the stable operation of the downhole safety monitoring system, strengthening the safety defenses for downhole operations from multiple aspects, including storage, operation, maintenance, and operational condition adaptation.

[0059] In the low-pressure explosion-proof device of this embodiment, the volume of its cavity 1a can be flexibly selected between 15-30L, and the minimum flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage can be flexibly selected within the range of 300-10000mm². It should be noted that in this embodiment, the minimum flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage is the cross-sectional area of ​​the rupture formed after the brittle fracture of the circular seal 3. This rupture will serve as part of the function, and the minimum flow cross-sectional area can be changed by controlling the damage condition of the seal 3 to adapt to different usage requirements.

[0060] The specific parameter ratios for the cavity volume, minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage, and air pressure mentioned above can be customized to suit the actual working conditions of coal mine roadways, such as roadway cross-sectional dimensions, gas explosion risk level, and expected explosion-proof protection range. For different parameter ratio schemes, corresponding performance verification tests have been completed in this embodiment. Data on the fogging of the explosion-proof medium and the explosion-proof protection effect under each ratio have been compiled into the test parameter and effect comparison table attached as Table 1, which can serve as a direct reference for selection in practical applications.

[0061]

[0062] Table 1 If the protection range or medium release capacity of a single low-pressure explosion-proof device cannot meet the explosion-proof protection requirements of complex roadway scenarios, a scheme of coordinating multiple devices can be adopted in practical engineering applications. That is, at the same roadway protection point, multiple explosion-proof devices are deployed in a coordinated manner according to the preset spacing and angle to achieve full coverage of the protection range.

[0063] Example 2 In actual underground applications, this low-pressure explosion-proof device needs to be fixed to a pre-set anchoring point at the top of the roadway or at a high point in the roadway using a special mounting bracket. This installation method allows the main body of the device to avoid the core passage and equipment transportation space of the roadway, thus avoiding spatial interference with routine operations such as underground personnel inspection, material transfer, and equipment relocation.

[0064] If the open end of the guide cover 12, which is far from the air duct 1b, is arranged perpendicular to its own axis, the explosion-proof powder will diffuse towards the upper part of the roadway with the airflow due to the installation height of the device and the natural diffusion characteristics of the airflow. This will make it difficult to cover the key protection areas in the middle and lower parts of the roadway where personnel and equipment are concentrated and where explosion disasters are easy to spread. There will also be uneven distribution problems, such as the upper part having a higher concentration of explosion-proof powder and the middle and lower parts having a concentration far below the protection threshold, which will prevent the formation of an effective explosion-proof barrier.

[0065] More notably, the guide cover 12 is actually installed horizontally along its axis. The explosion-proof powder, under gravity, will naturally settle, and due to its excellent fluidity, even when the guide cover is fully filled, it will slide and accumulate downwards along the inner wall within a short time, resulting in an irregular cavity at the top of the guide cover 12. This leads to an imbalance in the airflow release path: in the upper part, due to the lower quantity of explosion-proof powder and the wider channel, the airflow resistance is significantly lower, causing the gas released from the cavity to preferentially exit at high speed from the upper channel, further carrying the explosion-proof powder towards the upper part of the tunnel; while in the middle and lower parts, due to the compaction of the explosion-proof powder, not only is the airflow channel narrowed, but the increased frictional resistance of the powder also obstructs the release, ultimately resulting in a concentration distribution that is higher at the top and lower at the bottom.

[0066] Therefore, this embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1, as detailed in the following reference. Figure 3 As shown, the open end of the guide cover 12 away from the air passage 1b is inclined downward relative to the axis of the guide cover 12. Due to this inclined structure, the axial extension dimension of the lower part of the inner wall of the guide cover 12 is significantly shorter than that of the upper part, thus forming an asymmetrical flow guiding structure with early release at the lower part and continuous flow guidance and obstruction at the upper part. The difference in the length of the flow guiding path can force more explosion-proof powder to diffuse directionally into the lower part of the roadway. This not only solves the problem of misalignment of the protection area caused by the high installation position, but also effectively avoids the drawback of uneven concentration of explosion-proof powder cloud at the top and bottom, ensuring that the explosion-proof powder concentration and coverage of the target protection area meet the underground explosion-proof protection standards.

[0067] Furthermore, in the longitudinal section of the guide cover 12 passing through the axis, the angle between the open end of the guide cover 12 away from the air passage 1b and its axis is β. The value of β is limited to 30-90 degrees and β is not equal to 90 degrees. In this embodiment, β is preferably 60 degrees. This angle can ensure the directional downward flow of the explosion-proof powder while avoiding powder concentration and sedimentation due to an excessively small tilt angle, thus reducing the protection range. It can also prevent the inability to effectively correct the airflow diffusion direction due to an excessively large tilt angle, achieving the optimal balance between directional flow guidance and protective coverage. In other embodiments, the specific value of β can be adjusted according to the actual cross-sectional dimensions of the underground roadway, the vertical height of the preset protection area, the gas leakage pressure inside the cavity, and other working conditions to adapt to the explosion-proof protection requirements in different scenarios.

[0068] In this embodiment, a diffuser disk 122 is coaxially fixed to the open end of the guide cover 12. The diffuser disk 122 is a truncated cone-shaped hollow structure with open ends. The radial dimension of the end closer to the guide cover 12 is smaller than that of the end farther from the guide cover 12. The connection between the diffuser disk 12 and the guide cover 12 is achieved by welding with a bracket or fastening with flange bolts. During flow guidance, the explosion-proof powder in the middle is guided by the gradually expanding channel inside the diffuser disk 122, while the explosion-proof powder in the outer periphery diffuses outward along the outer wall of the diffuser disk 122, forming a dual-path flow guidance mode. This structure not only splits the originally concentrated flow path into a central core channel and an outer diffusion channel, significantly expanding the protection coverage compared to a single flow path, adapting to the full-area protection needs of large-section roadways, but also guides the outer particles to disperse evenly, ensuring that the explosion-proof powder particles are fully dispersed throughout the space. This avoids the problem of excessively high local concentrations and insufficient concentrations in distant and edge areas, effectively ensuring that the explosion-proof powder concentration in the protected area reaches the explosion-proof threshold.

[0069] In other embodiments, such as in the application scenario of irregular cross-section roadways, the truncated cone structure of the diffuser 122 can be replaced with an irregularly shaped guide plate that adapts to the shape of the roadway cross-section. This allows the explosion-proof powder in the middle to be guided through the internal channel of the guide plate and the explosion-proof powder in the outer periphery to be diffused along the outer wall of the guide plate, thereby forming an explosion-proof powder cloud that adapts to the shape of the roadway cross-section and thus achieving precise protection.

[0070] In the longitudinal section of the diffuser 122 along the axis, the included angle γ between the upper and lower sides of its inner surface ranges from 30 to 150 degrees, with 120 degrees being preferred in this embodiment. A reasonable setting of γ can accommodate dual-path requirements, preventing the internal channel from becoming too narrow and causing powder agglomeration, or too wide and resulting in insufficient concentration in the core area, while also providing stable support for the outer flow to ensure an orderly diffusion path. The preferred 120-degree angle achieves a reasonable balance between internal flow efficiency and the outer diffusion range. This dual-path structure significantly expands the protective coverage area, allowing the explosion-proof powder to be fully dispersed in space to ensure the concentration meets standards. Combined with the inclined arrangement of the guide cover 12, it also strengthens the protection of the core area in the lower part of the roadway and fills in edge dead corners, while reducing explosion-proof powder settling, extending the cloud suspension time, and improving the explosion-proof effect. In other embodiments, γ can be adjusted according to the working conditions such as the cross-sectional size of the roadway, the installation height of the device, the particle size of the explosion-proof powder, and the protection range. For example, a small angle can be selected for core protection in small cross-sectional roadways, and a large angle can be selected for full coverage in large cross-sectional roadways. Irregularly shaped roadways can be replaced with irregularly shaped guide plates and γ can be adjusted simultaneously to ensure that the diversion and diffusion effect is in a better state in each scenario.

[0071] Example 3 Reference Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 2. The difference lies in the arrangement of the diffuser disk 122. In embodiment 2, the diffuser disk 122 and the guide cover 12 are coaxially arranged, while in this embodiment, the axes of the diffuser disk 122 and the guide cover 12 are arranged at an angle δ. The value of δ ranges from 15 to 90 degrees. In this embodiment, δ and the included angle β are complementary angles, that is, δ is 30 degrees. This non-coaxial offset arrangement can achieve precise adaptation between the flow direction and the overall installation posture of the device, providing a structural basis for the directional diffusion of explosion-proof powder.

[0072] In this embodiment, when the axial offset angle δ between the diffuser disk 122 and the guide cover 12 is complementary to the tilt angle β of the open end of the guide cover (i.e., δ+β=90°), a relatively superior flow guiding synergy effect can be formed: the downward tilting structure of the guide cover 12 provides a basic directional flow guiding trend for the explosion-proof powder, and the offset direction of the diffuser disk 122 is precisely complementary to this trend. Through the dual angle constraint, the explosion-proof powder guided by the gradually expanding channel inside the diffuser disk in the middle and the explosion-proof powder diffused along the outer wall of the diffuser disk in the periphery form a full-area coverage flow field. This ensures that the explosion-proof powder accurately covers the entire protection area of ​​the roadway, and completely avoids the problem of some explosion-proof powder escaping to the ineffective area at the top of the roadway when coaxially deployed. This significantly improves the compliance rate of the explosion-proof powder concentration in the core protection area and ensures that the protection threshold of the entire cross section meets the explosion-proof technical requirements.

[0073] Meanwhile, the complementary angle between δ and β allows the diffuser disk 122 to maintain a regular truncated conical structure. Compared to non-standard irregular structures that require custom-made molds, this regular configuration can be directly formed using standardized processing techniques such as CNC lathe cutting and stamping. The processing accuracy is easy to control and the dimensional consistency is high. This not only reduces the cost of mold development and manufacturing but also improves the efficiency of mass production, giving it significant advantages for industrial applications.

[0074] In other embodiments, the value of δ can be decoupled from the complementary angle with β. The angle parameter of δ can be flexibly adjusted according to actual working conditions such as the cross-sectional size of the roadway, the installation height of the device, the particle size characteristics of the explosion-proof powder, the gas venting pressure, and the expected protection coverage, so as to achieve the optimal adaptation between the diffusion path of the explosion-proof powder and the protection requirements in different scenarios.

[0075] Example 4 Reference Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 3. The core difference is the arrangement of the transmission component 512 and the guide cover 12. Specifically, the angle ε between the axis of the transmission component 512 and the axis of the guide cover 12 is 0-90 degrees and not 0 degrees, and they are non-coaxial. This structure can make the direction of the shock wave and the direction of the explosion-proof powder spray form a preset angle, so as to adapt to the complex working conditions in which the source of the shock wave in the tunnel is not collinear with the protected area, and to meet the requirements of directional explosion-proof.

[0076] Example 5 Reference Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 3. The core difference lies in the structural form of the breathable interceptor 11. Compared with the concave breathable interceptor 11 fixed to the outside of the sealing plate 14 in embodiment 3, the breathable interceptor 11 in this embodiment adopts a planar structure and is vertically installed in the internal channel of the guide cover 12. This planar structure can retain its core functions of breathability and debris interception, effectively preventing the debris generated by the breakage of the sealing plate 3 from entering the guide path and avoiding interference with the diffusion of the explosion-proof powder. At the same time, the planar configuration is simpler to process than the concave structure, which can greatly reduce the mold and manufacturing costs, and take into account both protective performance and economy.

[0077] Example 6 Reference Figure 7As shown, this embodiment is a structural improvement on embodiment 3. The core difference is that the transmission component 512 and the impact component 52 are both arranged on the side of the sealing component 3 facing away from the cavity 1a (i.e., the right side in the illustrated orientation), rather than the side facing the cavity 1a as in embodiment 3. To adapt to this arrangement, two slides 17 are added to the device, and the two slides 17 are respectively fixed on the breathable interceptor 11 and the diffuser 122, providing a stable sliding guide for the transmission component 512; at the same time, the force-bearing component 511 is arranged at the rightmost end of the device, forming a transmission link from right to left.

[0078] When the device receives a shock wave from the right, the shock wave can directly act on the rightmost force-bearing component 511. The driving force is stably transmitted to the impact component 52 via the transmission component 512 along the slide 17. The impact component 52 applies an impact force from the right side of the seal 3 to the left side, causing the seal 3 to brittlely fracture and the gas passage 1b to be unsealed, thereby achieving explosion-proof protection for the right-side area. This layout scheme has significant technical advantages: First, the entire driving component is located outside the cavity 1a, without occupying the effective space of the cavity 1a inside the gas tank 13, which can ensure the storage capacity of the explosion-proof powder in the cavity 1a and the space for gas release; Second, there is no need to open a separate through channel for the impact component 52 or the transmission component 512 on the wall of the gas tank 13, which avoids the risk of gas leakage in the cavity 1a caused by additional openings from the root, and improves the overall sealing reliability of the device; Third, the reverse layout of the driving component can directly respond to the shock wave from the right side of the device, achieving directional explosion-proof protection for the right-side area, expanding the applicable scenarios of the device.

[0079] Example 7 Reference Figures 8-9 As shown, this embodiment is a structural improvement on the basis of embodiment 3. The core difference is that the transmission component 512 and the impact component 52 of the drive assembly adopt a split-type opposite-side arrangement scheme. Specifically, the transmission component 512 is arranged on the side of the sealing member 3 facing the cavity 1a, while the impact component 52 is arranged on the side of the sealing member 3 facing away from the cavity 1a. The two are respectively located on the left and right sides of the sealing member 3. In order to realize the cross-side transmission of power, the transmission component 512 axially penetrates the sealing member 3, and the penetration part with the sealing member 3 adopts a sealed sliding connection structure, which not only ensures the axial movement freedom of the transmission component 512, but also maintains the initial sealing effect of the sealing member 3 on the cavity 1a.

[0080] When the device receives a shock wave from the right, the shock wave drives the transmission component 512 to move axially to the left. Since the transmission component 512 and the impact component 52 are linked, their leftward movement can simultaneously pull the impact component 52 to apply a reverse pulling force to the seal 3, thereby achieving a "pull-explosion" type breakage of the seal 3. This causes the seal 3 to shatter rapidly and form a breach at the inner end of the gas passage 1b, completing the release and guided diffusion of gas and explosion-proof powder in the cavity 1a, and achieving explosion-proof protection for the target area. This opposite-side layout scheme can adapt to the triggering scenario of the shock wave from the right, and the opposite-side layout can disperse the structural space occupied by one side of the device, optimizing the space utilization of the overall structure.

[0081] In this embodiment, the impact member 52 adopts a cross-sectional gradient structure, and its cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the side away from the seal member 3 to the side closer to the seal member 3; at the same time, the connection between the impact member 52 and the transmission member 512 achieves a cross-sectional overlap connection, and the connection part of the two forms an integrated linkage structure without steps.

[0082] It is worth noting that the transmission component 512 needs to be inserted into the pre-set assembly groove of the seal 3 during assembly, while the angled part at the connection between the impact component 52 and the transmission component 512 can be directly adapted to the groove wall of the assembly groove. When the device is triggered, the transmission component 512 drives the impact component 52 to move synchronously, and the angled part at its connection can quickly penetrate into the assembly groove of the seal 3. It uses the stress concentration effect to tear the groove wall and trigger a chain rupture, ultimately causing the seal 3 to achieve a large-area, rapid brittle fracture along the assembly groove, ensuring that the gas passage 1b can form a smooth venting channel in a short time, and ensuring that the explosion-proof powder and gas in the cavity 1a can quickly diffuse to the protected area.

[0083] The advantage of this structural design is that, through the combined effect of gradual cross-section change and angled intrusion, it not only improves the response speed of seal breaking but also ensures the controllability of seal 3 breaking, avoiding the problem of incomplete local breaking leading to venting obstruction.

[0084] Example 8 Reference Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment makes structural improvements based on embodiment 3. The core difference lies in the overall configuration of the impact member 52. Specifically, the impact member 52 adopts a continuous annular structure without gaps, instead of the conventional block or rod structure in embodiment 3. The annular impact member 52 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the transmission member 512, and its annular end face is parallel to and aligned with the surface of the seal 3 facing the cavity 1a. The annular outer diameter covers the preset breaking area on the seal 3.

[0085] When the transmission component 512 is driven by force to drive the annular impact component 52 to impact the seal 3 along the axial direction, since the impact component 52 is a continuous and uninterrupted annular ring, it can simultaneously form an annular full-area impact on the corresponding area of ​​the seal 3. Utilizing the annular stress distribution characteristics, an annular rupture zone is quickly formed on the surface of the seal 3, which in turn causes the overall collapse of the inner area of ​​the rupture zone, ultimately causing the seal 3 to form a large-area through-hole.

[0086] The continuous annular impact surface of the annular impactor 52 can achieve synchronous full-area pressure application. Compared with local point or line impact, it can significantly shorten the seal breakage response time of the seal 3, and the rupture range is controllable, which can ensure that the air passage 1b can quickly form a smooth venting channel. In addition, the unobstructed annular structure is uniformly stressed, and it is not easy for local stress concentration to cause deformation or breakage during the impact process, thus improving the structural reliability of the drive component.

[0087] Example 9 Reference Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment is a structural improvement on the basis of embodiment 3. The core difference lies in the structure of the sealing contact end of the impact member 52. Specifically, the side of the impact member 52 facing the sealing member 3 has multiple serrations 521 at the contact part with the sealing member 3. All serrations 521 are distributed in a continuous ring array along the end face of the impact member 52. The tips of each serration 521 face the same direction and all point to the surface of the sealing member 3. The tooth roots are integrally formed with the body of the impact member 52. The tooth spacing of the serrations 521 is uniform, and the tooth tips are blunted to balance sealing efficiency and structural strength.

[0088] When the device receives the shock wave trigger signal, the transmission component 512 transmits the driving force to the impact component 52, causing it to drive the annularly distributed serrations 521 to simultaneously impact the seal 3. Since the contact area of ​​the tooth tips of the serrations 521 is small, multi-point stress concentration can be formed in the corresponding area of ​​the seal 3, which quickly pierces the surface structure of the seal 3. As the impact force continues to be applied, the stress points of each serration 521 form a continuous rupture line along the annular trajectory, which in turn causes the overall collapse of the area inside the annular rupture line of the seal 3, and finally forms a large area and a regular edge ulcer at the inner end of the airway 1b.

[0089] The serrated annular structure can significantly reduce the initial driving force required for breaching the seal through multi-point stress concentration, improve the triggering sensitivity of the device, and adapt to the triggering scenario of low-intensity shock waves. In addition, the annular arrangement of serrations 521 can achieve precise control of the breach range, ensuring that the flow cross section of the breach meets the requirements for the release of explosion-proof powder and gas, and avoiding insufficient breaching.

[0090] Example 10 Reference Figures 12-13As shown, this embodiment is a structural improvement on the basis of embodiment 3. The core difference is that the actuator 5 has added a through-hole 53, and the structure and connection method of the impact member 52 have been optimized. The specific structural configuration is as follows: The through-hole 53 is integrally formed on the side of the impact member 52 near the seal 3, and the through-hole 53 axially seals through the seal 3. The through-hole part of the through-hole 53 and the seal 3 adopt a sealed sliding fit, which not only ensures the initial sealing performance of the seal 3 to the cavity 1a, but also provides a transmission path for the subsequent breaking action; The impact member 52 adopts a cross-sectional gradient configuration, and its cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the side away from the seal 3 to the side closer to the seal 3; At the same time, the cross-section of the impact member 52 and the through-hole 53 overlaps at the connection point, and the connection part of the two forms an integrated linkage structure without steps.

[0091] This embodiment is adapted to the triggering scenario of the shock wave from the left. When the device receives the shock wave from the left, the shock wave acts on the transmission component 512 and drives it to move the impact component 52 and the penetrating component 53 to the right. At this time, the angle between the impact component 52 and the penetrating component 53 can directly penetrate the reserved groove of the sealing component 3 for assembling the penetrating component 53. The stress concentration effect is used to quickly tear the groove wall and cause the sealing component 3 to rupture along the groove area, thereby completing the unsealing of the gas passage 1b and allowing the gas and explosion-proof powder in the cavity 1a to be smoothly released to the protected side area, achieving directional explosion-proof.

[0092] In this embodiment, the fragments generated by the breakage of the seal 3 are splashed in the same direction as the gas and explosion-proof powder in the cavity 1a. This prevents fragments from splashing in the opposite direction and blocking the flow channel, which can greatly improve the smoothness of gas and explosion-proof powder release after the gas passage 1b is unsealed, and ensure that the explosion-proof medium can quickly reach the right-side protection area to complete the explosion-proof protection.

[0093] Example 11 Reference Figures 14-15As shown, this embodiment improves upon embodiment 3 in terms of structure. The core difference lies in the use of a dual-impact component bidirectional linkage configuration for the drive assembly. It integrates the advantages of the opposite-side split arrangement of embodiment 7 and the through-transmission of embodiment 10, enabling bidirectional shock wave triggering and unidirectional directional explosion-proof functions. The specific structural configuration is as follows: Two impact components 52 are provided, one positioned on the side of the seal 3 facing the cavity 1a, and the other correspondingly positioned on the side of the seal 3 facing away from the cavity 1a. The two are arranged opposite to each other with the seal 3 as the symmetrical plane. The driver 5 is equipped with a connecting component 54, which axially penetrates the seal 3 and is connected to the seal 3. The through-hole is a sealed sliding fit, and its two ends are fixedly connected to two impact members 52 respectively, forming a cross-seal linkage link of "impact member 52-connector 54-impact member 52"; the drive component 51 can selectively drive either of the two impact members 52 to complete the seal breaking action; both impact members 52 adopt a cross-sectional gradient structure, and their cross-sectional area is gradually reduced from the side away from the seal 3 to the side closer to the seal 3. Moreover, the cross-section of each impact member 52 and the connector 54 overlaps at the connection point, and the connection point of the two forms an integrated linkage structure without steps, which can ensure the stability of power transmission and the effectiveness of stress concentration seal breaking.

[0094] The working logic of this embodiment can adapt to shock waves from different sources on the left and right sides, and ultimately achieves directional spraying of explosion-proof powder towards the right-side protected area. The specific triggering process is as follows: When the device receives a shock wave from the right side, the drive component 51 first drives the impact member 52 on the side of the seal 3 facing away from the cavity 1a. Under the action of the driving force, the impact member 52 pulls the other impact member 52 to move synchronously through the connector 54. The angled part of the impact member 52 connected to the connector 54 enters the reserved assembly groove of the seal 3. The stress concentration effect is used to achieve the same "pull-out" type of seal breaking as in Embodiment 7. After the seal 3 breaks, the gas and explosion-proof powder in the cavity 1a are released to the right. When the device receives a shock wave from the left side, the drive component 51 drives the impact member 52 on the side of the seal 3 facing the cavity 1a. The impact member 52 drives the connector 54 and the other impact member 52 to move to the right. The angled part of the impact member 52 enters the corresponding groove of the seal 3, forming the same unidirectional fragment splashing and smooth release effect as in Embodiment 10. Ultimately, the explosion-proof powder is also directionally diffused to the right.

[0095] This dual-impact linkage configuration has significant technical advantages: First, it integrates the right-side shock wave response capability of Example 7 with the left-side shock wave adaptability of Example 10, achieving bidirectional trigger compatibility and greatly expanding the applicability range of the device in downhole working conditions; Second, the cross-sectional gradient and cross-sectional overlap design of the dual impact components can ensure that the seal 3 can be ruptured over a large area under both triggering modes, avoiding incomplete local rupture leading to blocked release; Third, regardless of whether the shock wave is triggered from the left or right side, the explosion-proof powder is maintained to be injected unidirectionally to the right, which can accurately match the scenario requirements of key protection on one side of the roadway.

[0096] Example 12 Reference Figure 16 As shown, the low-pressure explosion-proof device in this embodiment includes N independent device bodies 1 (N is a natural number greater than 1). In this embodiment, N=3 is preferred. In other embodiments, the specific value of N can be flexibly selected according to the actual working conditions such as the cross-sectional size of the underground roadway, the protection coverage range, and the explosion-proof strength requirements (e.g., N=2 is suitable for small cross-section roadways, N=4 or 5 is suitable for ultra-large cross-section or long-distance roadways), making it more versatile. Each device body 1 is equipped with a cavity 1a, an air passage 1b, and a seal 3. The three device bodies 1 share a unified driver 5 and a matching shared structure. Compared with directly using three independent low-pressure explosion-proof devices in parallel, the redundant structure can be simplified and the overall cost can be reduced. Each cavity 1a is used to store low-pressure gas, and each air passage 1b is connected to its own cavity 1a. When the air passage 1b is depressurized, it will drive the preset explosion-proof powder. Each seal 3 is used to close the corresponding air passage 1b. The common driver 5 is used to synchronously drive the three seals 3 to release the seals on the corresponding air passages 1b, so that the low-pressure gas in the three cavities 1a can be released synchronously through their respective air passages 1b, thereby driving multiple sets of explosion-proof powder to form a cloud of explosion-proof powder covering the entire area.

[0097] Furthermore, the shared actuator 5 includes a force-receiving component 511, N transmission components 512, N impact components 52, and a transmission support 513. The force-receiving component 511 adopts a double-disc series structure, specifically consisting of two disc-shaped components connected coaxially along the axial direction by a connecting rod. Both ends of the connecting rod are fixed to the center positions of the two disc-shaped structures, forming a stable integrated force-receiving unit. This double-disc series design significantly increases the contact area of ​​the shock wave, improving force-receiving efficiency compared to a single disc structure, thus stably receiving the driving force and ensuring triggering reliability.

[0098] One end of each of the three transmission components 512 is fixedly connected to one of the three impact components 52, and the other end is connected to the force-bearing component 511 through the transmission bracket 513. In this way, the three sets of sealing structures can be linked by only one set of driving components, which significantly reduces the number of duplicate parts.

[0099] The three main body units 1 are evenly distributed along the protective cross-section of the roadway, with their respective air ducts 1b and guide covers 12 facing the core protective area of ​​the roadway, forming a staggered and interconnected coverage layout. Simultaneously, the three main body units can share a single set of mounting brackets and fixing points, eliminating the need for multiple separate mounting bases and further simplifying the structural space occupied. All three impact components 52 utilize the mature structural design of the aforementioned embodiments, matching the corresponding sealing component 3's adaptable structure to ensure the consistency and reliability of the sealing-breaking effect.

[0100] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: When an explosion occurs underground, the shock wave acts on the two disc-shaped structures of the force-bearing component 511. The combined force is transmitted to the transmission support 513 through the connecting rod and distributed to the three transmission components 512, which drive the three impact components 52 to simultaneously impact the corresponding sealing components 3. After being impacted, each sealing component 3 rapidly undergoes brittle fracture, and the three gas channels 1b are simultaneously opened. The low-pressure gas in each cavity 1a is released at high speed, driving the explosion-proof powder at the corresponding position to diffuse directionally along the guide cover 12. Finally, three independent and interconnected explosion-proof powder clouds are formed on the roadway cross section, which, when superimposed, constitute a full-area explosion-proof barrier.

[0101] In this embodiment, specific technical information not explicitly described (such as low-pressure gas selection, explosion-proof powder type, sealing structure, slide configuration, etc.) follows the mature implementation methods of the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated here. This embodiment uses a simplified and redundant common structure. Compared with three independent low-pressure explosion-proof devices, it eliminates two complete actuators and multiple sets of repetitive installation components, which can effectively reduce material costs, reduce assembly steps, and improve production and installation efficiency.

[0102] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0103] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0104] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0105] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0106] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pressure explosion-proof device, characterized in that, include: A cavity used to store low-pressure gas; The air passage is connected to the cavity, and when the air passage is depressurized, it will drive the explosion-proof powder used for explosion protection. Seal, used to seal the airway; The actuator is used to drive the seal to release the blockage of the air passage, so as to open the air passage, allowing low-pressure gas to leak out through the air passage and thereby drive the explosion-proof powder to form an explosion-proof powder cloud.

2. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the low-pressure gas is 0.4-1.6 MPa.

3. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity volume is 15-30L.

4. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the actuator drives the seal to release the air passage, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage in the flow direction is 300-10000 mm².

5. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator releases the airway by breaking the seal, and the broken seal forms a rupture that becomes part of the airway. The seal is made of a brittle material so that it will brittlely fracture when broken by the actuator.

6. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brittle material satisfies the following mechanical properties: Elongation at operating temperature ≤6%.

7. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The brittle material is selected from one or more of the following: glass, ceramics, graphite, brittle alloys, and brittle polymers.

8. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 5, characterized in that... The actuator includes a drive assembly and an impactor. The drive assembly drives the impactor to impact the seal, causing the seal to shatter and form a rupture that meets the airway flow requirements.

9. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impact element is located on one side or the other side of the seal facing the cavity; The cross-sectional area of ​​the impact member gradually decreases from the side away from the seal to the side closer to the seal; The impact member does not form a dotted tip at the end near the seal.

10. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impact element is annular, and the annulus is a continuous annulus without any notches.

11. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The portion of the impactor that contacts the seal has multiple serrations, which are arranged in a ring.

12. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impactor is located on one or the other side of the seal facing the cavity, and the driver further includes a through member, which is disposed on the side of the impactor near the seal and seals through the seal; The cross-sectional area of ​​the impact member gradually decreases from the side away from the seal to the side closer to the seal; The cross-sections at the connection between the impact member and the penetrating member overlap.

13. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The impactor is two, and the two impactors are respectively located on one side of the seal facing the cavity and the other side; The driver also includes a connector that connects between the two impact members; The drive assembly is used to drive either of the two impactors to impact the seal; The cross-sectional area of ​​both impact members gradually decreases from the side away from the seal to the side closer to the seal; The cross sections at the connection points of each impact component and connector overlap.

14. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a force-receiving component and a transmission component, and the transmission component is connected to the force-receiving component and the impact component. When the stressed component receives a shock wave, it will drive the transmission component to move the impact component to impact the seal.

15. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The transmission component is located on one side or the other side of the seal facing the cavity.

16. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 14, characterized in that: It also includes a device body, which has a cavity and an air passage.

17. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The main body of the device has at least one slide, and the transmission component is slidably connected to the slide.

18. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The driver also includes an elastic element located between the driving assembly and the device body to provide resistance when the driving assembly moves toward the seal and to provide a restoring force after the driving assembly drives the impact member to impact the seal.

19. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The main body of the device includes two slides, one of which is close to the impact member and the other is close to the force-bearing member.

20. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 17, characterized in that: When the impact member slides to the slide block, the slide block will restrict the impact member from passing through the slide block.

21. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The main body of the device also has a breathable interceptor, which is used to intercept seal fragments released from the air passage.

22. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The air-permeable interceptor is either planar or concave in shape.

23. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The main body of the device has a guide cover, which is connected to the air duct and is used to guide the explosion-proof powder to form an explosion-proof powder cloud.

24. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The guide cover is also used to store explosion-proof powder; The opening end of the guide cover has a sealing film to protect against explosion-proof powder.

25. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 24, characterized in that: The guide cover is conical, and the radial dimension of the end near the airway is smaller than the radial dimension of the end away from the airway. In the longitudinal section of the guide cover through the axis, the included angle between the upper and lower sides corresponding to the inner side is α, and the included angle α is 5-60 degrees.

26. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 25, characterized in that: The guide shield is inclined relative to the axis of the guide shield at the end away from the air passage.

27. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 26, characterized in that: In the longitudinal section of the guide shroud through the axis, the angle between the end of the guide shroud away from the air passage and its axis is β, and the angle β is 30-90 degrees, but not equal to 90 degrees.

28. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the transmission component and the axis of the guide cover is ε, and the angle ε is 0-90 degrees.

29. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The guide cover is also provided with a diffusion disk at its open end, which is used to guide and diffuse the explosion-proof powder cloud.

30. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 29, characterized in that: The diffuser disk is conical with open ends, and the radial dimension of the end closer to the guide cover is smaller than the radial dimension of the end farther from the guide cover. In the longitudinal section of the diffuser disk through the axis, the included angle between the upper and lower sides corresponding to the inner side is γ, and the included angle γ is 30-150 degrees.

31. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 30, characterized in that: The angle between the diffuser disk and the axis of the guide cover is δ, and the angle δ is 15-90 degrees.

32. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The main body of the device also includes a gas cylinder and a sealing plate. One end of the gas cylinder is open, and the sealing plate is connected to the open end of the gas cylinder and surrounds the gas cylinder to form the cavity. The air passage is formed on the sealing plate.

33. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 32, characterized in that: The seal is fixed to the side of the sealing plate facing the cavity.

34. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 33, characterized in that: The inner side of the sealing plate has a receiving groove adapted to the sealing element; The seal is placed in the receiving groove and pressed tightly by the clamping element; The sealing plate and the sealing element have a sealing element for sealing the gap.

35. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 34, characterized in that: The shape of the pressing component is an annular shape adapted to the shape of the sealing component.

36. A low-pressure explosion-proof device, characterized in that, include: There are N chambers, each of which is used to store low-pressure gas; There are N air channels, each air channel is connected to a cavity, and when the air channel is depressurized, it will drive the explosion-proof powder used for explosion protection. N seals, each seal is used to seal the corresponding airway; The actuator is used to drive all the seals to release the corresponding gas passages at the same time, so as to open all the gas passages, allowing low-pressure gas to escape through the gas passages and drive the explosion-proof powder to form an explosion-proof powder cloud. N is a natural number greater than 1.

37. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 36, characterized in that: The driver includes a force-receiving component, N transmission components and N impact components. One end of each of the N transmission components is connected to one of the N impact components, and the other end of each of the N transmission components is connected to the force-receiving component. When the stressed component receives a shock wave, it will drive the transmission component to move the corresponding impact component to impact the corresponding seal.

38. The low-pressure explosion-proof device according to claim 37, characterized in that: The load-bearing component includes two disc-shaped members connected coaxially in series by a connecting rod. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively fixed to the center position of the two disc-shaped structures to form a stable integrated load-bearing unit.

Images