Experimental device and method for blast furnace lining making

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for blast furnace lining making, and particularly relates to the technical field of blast furnace longevity and maintenance, which comprises an experimental container and coke heating equipment, the device is reasonable in structural design, the blast furnace grouting lining-making operation process can be reproduced to a great extent through a grouting lining-making physical experiment, the flowing and solidification forming conditions of lining-making slurry in a blast furnace can be truly simulated, and the lining-making effect can be improved by carrying out related experiments and analyzing experimental result data. Effective experimental data of slurry solidification structure distribution and geometric morphology under different grouting lining-making conditions can be obtained, and then the relation between key parameters such as grouting layout, cooling column structure, slurry viscosity and pumping pressure and indexes such as final slurry filling distribution and lining-making thickness is determined. The experimental conclusions can provide effective technical guidance for on-site construction, the lining making position precision is improved, the lining making structure thickness uniformity is optimized, and the reliability and general applicability of the blast furnace grouting lining making technology are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blast furnace longevity and maintenance technology, and more specifically, to an experimental apparatus and method for blast furnace lining. Background Technology

[0002] During normal production, blast furnace refractory linings are subjected to harsh environments of high temperature, high pressure, chemical erosion, and material scouring. Especially after the cooling walls are gradually damaged, the cooling capacity of the cooling system begins to deteriorate severely. The blast furnace body, waist, and belly will experience localized overheating or even red-hot cracking of the furnace shell to varying degrees. In some cases, gas leaks may also occur, leading to a significant deterioration of the operating environment in front of the blast furnace and compromising production safety. Therefore, regular maintenance of the blast furnace lining is a key measure to ensure that it reaches its design life or even longer during its first generation of service.

[0003] The experimental apparatus disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN222145187U, used to test the lithium-ion transference number of a lithium-ion battery, includes a first casing and a placement stage. The first casing has a receiving groove, and the bottom wall of the receiving groove has a first positioning groove. The placement stage is housed in the receiving groove, and its end face has a second positioning groove. The first and second positioning grooves are opposite each other; the first positioning groove is used to house a first lithium sheet, and the second positioning groove is used to house a second lithium sheet. The lithium-ion symmetric battery prepared by this experimental apparatus exhibits good symmetry.

[0004] Because the cost of regularly replacing damaged cooling walls is very high, the main methods used in blast furnace production to maintain cooling capacity are spraying or grouting. Spraying uses mechanized spraying equipment to apply liquid refractory material to the furnace wall, resulting in high material utilization. However, its drawback is that construction requires a complete furnace shutdown, including cooling, replacement, and subsequent reheating, a time-consuming process that severely impacts continuous production in steel companies. In contrast, grouting does not require a complete furnace shutdown. During planned downtime, lining material is pressed into the furnace lining through pre-drilled grouting holes in the furnace shell using a grouting machine. This method significantly reduces downtime, ensuring normal and safe blast furnace production and significantly reducing the direct and indirect costs of blast furnace maintenance. Due to its significant advantages, grouting has become the mainstream technology for blast furnace lining repair.

[0005] With the development of large-scale blast furnaces, grouting lining technology has gradually revealed new problems. First, the operation process is poorly controllable. The internal structure of the blast furnace is complex and invisible, and the flow and final distribution of the grout inside the furnace shell is a complete "black box" process. Operators cannot know whether the grout has reached the target area, whether the voids have been filled, or whether there are pores. Construction relies entirely on experience and lacks scientific guidance. Second, the control parameters of the operation process are disconnected from the final lining effect. Currently, only input parameters such as grouting pressure and flow rate can be monitored during construction. However, there is no clear correspondence between these parameters and the actual distribution of the grout in the complex three-dimensional space. The same grouting pressure and flow rate may produce drastically different lining results under different operating conditions. Therefore, it often leads to lining position deviation, uneven thickness, or even failure to effectively fill the target area, making the maintenance effect not meet the design expectations. The above shortcomings indicate that the existing grouting lining technology still has problems such as unstable effect, large fluctuation in maintenance quality, and serious material waste. It may even create safety hazards due to incomplete filling, ultimately affecting the goal of extending the service life of the blast furnace.

[0006] To optimize grouting lining technology and achieve the goal of safe and efficient blast furnace lining, it is necessary to systematically study the influence of grout properties on its flow behavior, the influence of cooling column type on grout adhesion performance, and the influence of grouting lining parameters (such as grouting machine pumping pressure and pumping frequency) on grout forming structure. Due to the complex and harsh internal environment of the blast furnace, it is impossible to directly monitor and analyze the flow and solidification state of the lining grout in the confined space using instruments on-site. In addition, the lining grout is a non-Newtonian fluid, and its viscosity changes significantly with shear rate and temperature, exhibiting strong rheological properties. When this fluid enters the complex environment inside the blast furnace (high temperature, high pressure, and coexistence of gas, liquid, and solid phases), it is difficult to accurately simulate, predict, and optimize its design by establishing an accurate fluid dynamics model. Based on the above analysis, it is necessary to conduct a systematic study of the blast furnace grouting lining process through physical experiments. The experimental results can provide important guidance for optimizing grouting lining technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental device for lining construction of blast furnaces. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to reproduce the conditions at the operation site of blast furnace grouting lining construction to the greatest extent in the experiment, truly simulate the flow and solidification forming of the lining slurry inside the blast furnace, conduct macroscopic and local feature analysis on the solidification structure, obtain effective experimental data for studying the solidification structure of the slurry under different working conditions, propose an optimized improvement direction for grouting lining based on the research conclusions, fundamentally solve the problem of blind construction caused by the invisibility inside the blast furnace and the complex flow of the slurry, provide effective technical guidance for accurately controlling the spatial distribution form of the slurry inside the furnace shell, ensure uniform lining thickness and accurate position, completely eliminate filling blind spots, and improve the reliability and general applicability of the blast furnace grouting lining technology quality.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An experimental device for lining construction of blast furnaces, including an experimental container and a coke heating device; the experimental container includes a front steel plate, a top steel plate, a bottom steel plate, a back steel plate and side steel plates; the number of side steel plates is two, and adjacent two steel plates are fixedly connected by bolt sets; the coke heating device includes a coke heating rack, a table and a coke container; a table is arranged outside the coke heating rack; a coke container is placed on the table.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: A number of grouting holes are opened on the front steel plate, a grouting port or a cooling column is installed on the grouting hole, a pressure measuring hole is opened at the center position of the front steel plate, and a special mud pressure gauge is installed on the pressure measuring hole by threading.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: A pressure relief hole is opened on the top steel plate.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The coke heating rack includes a hearth bottom rack, a flame hearth, moving pulleys, a heating rack pusher and a liquefied gas pipeline; a number of flame hearths are arranged in a rectangular array on the top surface of the hearth bottom rack, and the surface of the table is higher than the horizontal plane of the flame hearths, the bottom surface size of the coke container is adapted to the heating area formed by multiple flame hearths; the four moving pulleys are connected to the bottom surface of the hearth bottom rack through support rods; the heating rack pusher is fixedly arranged on one side of the hearth bottom rack; the liquefied gas pipeline is arranged on the flame hearths.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The table is of a "return" - shaped structure.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The coke container includes a U - shaped side wall plate, a grid bottom plate, a dumping side door, a door bolt and a lifting ring; the grid bottom plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the U - shaped side wall plate; the dumping side door is arranged on the U - shaped side wall plate; the door bolt is arranged on the dumping side door; the four lifting rings are evenly fixedly arranged on the top surface of the U - shaped side wall plate.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the U-shaped side wall panel, the grid bottom plate and the tilting side door are coated with high-temperature resistant paint, and the U-shaped side wall panel and the tilting side door are provided with an asbestos heat insulation interlayer.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the grouting port includes an outer cover plate A, screw holes A, ball valve interface A and side grout outlets; a plurality of screw holes A are evenly provided on the outer cover plate A; the ball valve interface A is provided on the outer cover plate A; a plurality of side grout outlets are provided in a ring array on the circumferential surface of the ball valve interface A.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the cooling column includes an outer cover plate B, screw holes B, a slurry inlet, a ball valve interface B, and a column body; a plurality of screw holes B are evenly provided on the outer cover plate B; a slurry inlet is provided on the outer cover plate B; the ball valve interface B is located on one side of the outer cover plate B and communicates with the slurry inlet; the column body is located on the other side of the outer cover plate B.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also relates to a method for an experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Assemble the experimental container with bolts, ensuring there are no obvious gaps between the steel plates. Apply diaphragm material to the inner surface of the experimental container. Install the grouting port or cooling column parts at the grouting hole of the experimental container according to the experimental design. Cover the grouting hole without the above parts with a baffle. Install a mud-specific pressure gauge on the pressure measuring hole.

[0019] Step 2: Load the coke to be heated into the coke container in advance, connect the liquefied gas pipeline to the liquefied gas tank, open the liquefied gas valves in sequence, ignite the flame burner core, and after the flame is stable, place the coke container on the table using a gantry crane. Then, move the coke heating rack using the heating rack pusher to adjust its relative position to the coke container, ensuring that the heating area can completely cover the bottom of the coke container. Finally, adjust the flame height and start timing.

[0020] Step 3: After heating the coke for about half an hour, use an infrared thermometer to intermittently measure the coke temperature at different locations in the coke container. When the average coke temperature exceeds 450°C, heating can be stopped. The average coke temperature can be eventually raised to about 500°C through the spontaneous combustion of the coke in the open environment.

[0021] Step 4: Secure the hook on the top of the hoist to the hook of the crane, and fix the four chains to the four lifting rings of the coke container. Then, operate the crane to smoothly lift the coke container so that the tilting side door is placed above the experimental container. Open the latch and operate the hoist chain to slowly raise the height of the suspended side of the coke container. Under the action of gravity, the coke will begin to slide down into the experimental container below. Finally, the coke left in the tilted coke container can be manually filled into the experimental container with the help of tools such as iron rakes.

[0022] Step 5: Operate the gantry crane to remove the coke container. Use tools such as iron rakes to measure the coke material level on the top of the experimental container. The material level should be slightly lower than the height of the steel plate of the experimental container. Finally, operate the gantry crane to cover the top steel plate of the experimental container and tighten the bolts.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. Physical experiments on grouting and lining can largely reproduce the grouting and lining operation process of blast furnaces, realistically simulating the flow and solidification of the lining slurry inside the blast furnace. By conducting relevant experiments and analyzing the experimental results, effective experimental data on the distribution and geometric morphology of the slurry solidification structure under different grouting and lining conditions can be obtained. This clarifies the relationship between key parameters such as grouting layout, cooling column structure, slurry viscosity, and pumping pressure, and indicators such as the final slurry filling distribution and lining thickness. These experimental conclusions can provide effective technical guidance for on-site construction, improve the accuracy of lining position, optimize the uniformity of lining structure thickness, and enhance the reliability and universal applicability of blast furnace grouting and lining technology.

[0025] 2. By conducting multiple physical experiments, we can obtain the design basis for optimizing one or more parameters under different grouting operation conditions. For example, we can determine the appropriate ratio of lining powder to binder for different on-site lining conditions, optimize the layout of grouting holes and cooling columns on the furnace shell, and optimize the structure type of grouting port and cooling column, among other key parameters.

[0026] 3. After optimization, the blast furnace grouting and lining technology can promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement in blast furnace production, resulting in huge economic benefits. First, a high-quality lining repair can extend the effective life of the furnace lining from the current 3-6 months to more than one year, reducing the probability of unplanned shutdowns and emergency repairs, and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the blast furnace. Second, high-quality lining repair can reduce the waste of lining materials by accurately predicting the required grout volume and flow path, avoiding over-grouting or ineffective grouting. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental container structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the experimental container structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coke heating rack and table structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coke container structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting port structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling column structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Experimental container; 2. Coke heating equipment; 3. Grouting port; 4. Cooling column;

[0035] 101. Front steel plate; 102. Top steel plate; 103. Bottom steel plate; 104. Back steel plate; 105. Side steel plate;

[0036] 1011, Grouting hole; 1012, Pressure testing hole;

[0037] 1021. Pressure relief hole;

[0038] 201. Coke heating rack; 202. Table; 203. Coke container;

[0039] 2011. Stove base frame; 2012. Flame stove core; 2013. Moving casters; 2014. Heating rack push handle; 2015. Liquefied gas pipeline;

[0040] 2031, U-shaped side wall panel; 2032, grille bottom plate; 2033, tilting side door; 2034, door latch; 2035, lifting ring;

[0041] 301. Outer cover plate A; 302. Screw hole A; 303. Ball valve interface A; 304. Side slurry outlet;

[0042] 401. Outer cover plate B; 402. Screw hole B; 403. Slurry inlet; 404. Ball valve interface B; 405. Column. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining, including an experimental container 1 and a coke heating device 2; the experimental container 1 includes a front steel plate 101, a top steel plate 102, a bottom steel plate 103, a back steel plate 104, and side steel plates 105; there are two side steel plates 105, and adjacent steel plates are fixedly connected by bolt sets; the front steel plate 101 has eight grouting holes 1011, and grouting ports 3 or cooling columns 4 are installed on the grouting holes 1011; a pressure measuring hole 1012 is opened at the center of the front steel plate 101, and a slurry-specific pressure gauge is threaded onto the pressure measuring hole 1012; a pressure relief hole 1021 is opened on the top steel plate 102 to ensure that the pressure inside the experimental container 1 is within a safe range during the experiment;

[0045] Experimental container 1 was filled with high-temperature coke to reproduce the actual environment inside the blast furnace where the coke is in direct contact with the furnace shell after the cooling wall is completely worn. The lining slurry was pumped into the grouting hole 1011 through the high-pressure pumping pipeline of the grouting machine. After the slurry was fully solidified, experimental container 1 was disassembled, and the solidification structure of the slurry formed inside experimental container 1 was observed, measured and recorded. The lining effect under different slurry properties, grouting operation parameters and grouting port 3 / cooling column 4 layout conditions was analyzed, providing valuable experimental data and theoretical guidance for optimizing grouting lining technology.

[0046] Experimental container 1 is assembled from multiple high-pressure resistant steel plates of moderate thickness (2-4mm). The three-dimensional dimensions of experimental container 1 can be designed as 1m×3m×1m (width×height×thickness), where the width×height dimension is mainly based on the size of a single cooling wall. If the height of the experimental site is limited, the height of the container can be appropriately reduced (e.g., 2.5m). A layer of high-temperature resistant diaphragm material (e.g., tin foil) needs to be pasted on the inner surface of each steel plate to isolate the inner surface of the steel plate from the slurry, preventing the slurry from being unable to be completely removed from the steel plate after solidification. The pressure change inside experimental container 1 during the grouting process is recorded in real time using a special pressure gauge for slurry. In addition, since each steel plate has a large mass, it is also necessary to design and install fixed hooks on the upper part of the steel plate for easy lifting and transportation.

[0047] The coke heating equipment 2 includes a coke heating rack 201, a table 202, and a coke container 203; the table 202 is arranged around the coke heating rack 201; the coke container 203 is placed on the table 202;

[0048] The coke heating rack 201 includes a burner core base 2011, flame burner cores 2012, casters 2013, a heating rack pusher 2014, and a liquefied gas pipeline 2015. Six flame burner cores 2012 are arranged in a rectangular array on the top surface of the burner core base 2011, and the surface of the table 202 is higher than the horizontal plane of the flame burner cores 2012. The bottom dimensions of the coke container 203 are adapted to the heating area formed by the multiple flame burner cores 2012, and its height depends on the total volume of coke to be heated, but a higher height is recommended. The height should not exceed 1.0m to avoid uneven heating in the vertical direction; four movable pulleys 2013 are connected to the bottom surface of the stove core base frame 2011 via support rods; the heating rack pusher 2014 is fixed to one side of the stove core base frame 2011; the liquefied gas pipeline 2015 is installed on the flame stove core 2012; the table 202 has a "U" shaped structure; the flame stove core 2012 is connected to the liquefied gas tank via the liquefied gas pipeline 2015, and the flame size of the flame stove core 2012 can be controlled by the corresponding rotary switch;

[0049] The coke container 203 includes a U-shaped side wall panel 2031, a grid bottom plate 2032, a tilting side door 2033, a latch 2034, and lifting rings 2035. The grid bottom plate 2032 is fixed to the bottom surface of the U-shaped side wall panel 2031, and its function is to facilitate direct contact between the flame below and the coke. The tilting side door 2033 is set on the U-shaped side wall panel 2031. The latch 2034 is set on the tilting side door 2033. Four lifting rings 2035 are evenly fixed on the top surface of the U-shaped side wall panel 2031. The U-shaped side wall panel 2031, the grid bottom plate 2032, and the tilting side door 2033 are coated with high-temperature resistant paint, and the U-shaped side wall panel 2031 and the tilting side door 2033 are provided with asbestos insulation layers to reduce heat loss.

[0050] The grouting port 3 includes an outer cover plate A301, screw holes A302, ball valve interface A303, and side grout outlets 304; four screw holes A302 are evenly provided on the outer cover plate A301; the ball valve interface A303 is provided on the outer cover plate A301; three side grout outlets 304 are arranged in a ring array on the circumferential surface of the ball valve interface A303.

[0051] The cooling column 4 includes an outer cover plate B401, screw holes B402, a slurry inlet 403, a ball valve interface B404, and a column body 405; four screw holes B402 are evenly provided on the outer cover plate B401; the slurry inlet 403 is provided on the outer cover plate B401; the ball valve interface B404 is located on one side of the outer cover plate B401 and communicates with the slurry inlet 403; the column body 405 is located on the other side of the outer cover plate B401.

[0052] The grouting port 3 and the cooling column 4 are parts and equipment installed at the grouting hole 1011 of the front steel plate 101 of the experimental container 1. The grouting port 3 is mainly used to guide the lining grout from the grouting pipeline into the experimental container 1. In addition to guiding the grout from the grouting port 3, the cooler also assists the grout entering the container to solidify and form, commonly known as "grouting". In physical experiments, different types of grouting ports 3 can be designed and studied, such as single horizontal grouting port 3, single lateral grouting port 3, multi-port multi-directional grouting port 3, etc.

[0053] The cooling column 4 mainly considers three factors: diameter, surface morphology, and cross-sectional shape. For example, the diameter of the cooling column 4 can be designed to be 60mm and 100mm respectively; the surface of the cooling column 4 can be designed to have two structures: smooth surface and rough surface. The rough surface can be achieved by designing a concave-convex rib groove structure, with the aim of improving the surface roughness of the cooling column; in addition to the conventional circle, the cross-sectional shape of the cooling column 4 can also be a polygon such as hexagon or octagon.

[0054] This invention, through the setup of an experimental container 1, coke heating equipment 2, grouting port 3, and cooling column 4, enables physical experiments on grouting and lining to largely replicate the blast furnace grouting and lining operation process. It realistically simulates the flow and solidification of the lining slurry inside the blast furnace. By conducting relevant experiments and analyzing the experimental results, effective experimental data on the distribution and geometric morphology of the slurry solidification structure under different grouting and lining conditions can be obtained. This clarifies the relationship between key parameters such as grouting layout, cooling column 4 structure, slurry viscosity, and pumping pressure, and indicators such as the final slurry filling distribution and lining thickness. These experimental conclusions can provide effective technical guidance for on-site construction, improve the accuracy of lining position, optimize the uniformity of lining structure thickness, and enhance the reliability and universal applicability of blast furnace grouting and lining technology.

[0055] In addition, the present invention also relates to a method for an experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Assemble the experimental container 1 with bolts, ensuring there are no obvious gaps between the steel plates. Apply diaphragm material to the inner surface of the experimental container 1. Install the grouting port 3 or cooling column 4 at the grouting hole 1011 of the experimental container 1 according to the experimental design. Cover the grouting hole 1011 without the above parts with a baffle. Install a mud-specific pressure gauge on the pressure measuring hole 1012.

[0057] Step 2: Load the coke to be heated into the coke container 203 in advance, connect the liquefied gas pipeline 2015 to the liquefied gas tank, open the liquefied gas valve in sequence, ignite the flame burner core 2012, and after the flame is stable, place the coke container 203 on the table 202 by the overhead crane. Then, move the coke heating rack 201 by the heating rack pusher 2014 to adjust its relative position with the coke container 203, ensuring that the heating area can completely cover the bottom of the coke container 203. Finally, adjust the flame height and start timing.

[0058] Step 3: After heating the coke for about half an hour, use an infrared thermometer to intermittently measure the coke temperature at different locations in the coke container 203. When the average coke temperature exceeds 450°C, heating can be stopped. The average coke temperature can be eventually raised to about 500°C by the spontaneous combustion of the coke in the coke container 203 in an open environment, which generally lasts for at least 20 minutes.

[0059] Step 4: Fix the hook above the hoist to the hook of the crane, and fix the four chains to the four lifting rings 2035 of the coke container 203 respectively. Then, operate the crane to smoothly lift the coke container 203, so that the tilting side door 2033 is placed above the experimental container 1. Open the latch 2034, and operate the hoist chain length to slowly raise the height of the suspended side of the coke container 203. Under the action of gravity, the coke begins to slide into the experimental container 1 below. Finally, the coke left in the tilted coke container 203 can be manually filled into the experimental container 1 with the help of tools such as iron rakes.

[0060] Step 5: Operate the overhead crane to remove the coke container 203. Use tools such as an iron rake to check the coke material level at the top of the experimental container 1. The material level should be slightly lower than the height of the steel plate of the experimental container 1. Finally, operate the overhead crane to cover the top steel plate 102 of the experimental container 1 and tighten the bolts.

[0061] Grouting experiment work was carried out:

[0062] The first step involves mixing the lining powder and liquid binder in a specific ratio (generally, the binder accounts for 10% to 15% of the mass) in a mixer, and then pouring the resulting lining slurry into the grouting machine's feed trough. The grouting machine can be rented from a company qualified to provide blast furnace grouting and lining services or purchased through other channels. Operators of the grouting machine must possess professional operating qualifications.

[0063] The second step is to connect the outlet of the grouting machine's grouting pipeline to the first part to be grouted (grouting port 3 or cooling column 4) on the front steel plate 101 of the experimental container 1. A ball valve is installed between the part and the pipeline to control the opening and closing of the grouting pipeline. Ball valves are also installed on other parts to be grouted in sequence, and the ball valves are kept closed.

[0064] The third step is to tighten the connection between the grout delivery pipeline and the ball valve with a wrench. After opening the pipeline ball valve, the operator must stay away from the experimental container 1. Then the grouting machine starts pumping. The pumping interval of the grout can be set by the operator, generally 5 to 10 seconds. At the same time, record the changes in pumping pressure displayed on the pressure gauge.

[0065] Fourth step: After reaching the required number of pumping cycles, close the ball valve and disconnect the pipeline. Connect the pipeline to the ball valve at the next grouting location, tighten the connection, and open the corresponding ball valve. Repeat the grouting operation in step three.

[0066] Fifth step: After all grouting work is completed, ensure that the ball valves at all grouting holes 1011 are closed, and wait for the grout in the experimental container 1 to gradually solidify. At the same time, the grouting machine operator cleans the grouting machine equipment and pipelines.

[0067] Conduct experimental analysis;

[0068] First, after the lining slurry in the experimental container 1 has completely solidified (usually about half a day), remove the fixing screws on the top steel plate 102, back steel plate 104 and one of the side steel plates 105 of the experimental container 1, and move the steel plates away one by one by a crane.

[0069] The second step is to remove the loose coke in experimental container 1, expose the solidified structure formed by the slurry and coke, and gently sweep away the coke residue left on the surface of the solidified structure.

[0070] The third step is to use 3D scanning equipment to scan the solidified structure from all angles and measure and record its main morphological features. The main features of the solidified structure include macroscopic features, such as overall shape, coverage area and solidification thickness, as well as local features, such as the morphology and size of the solidified structure near cooling column 4.

[0071] The fourth step is to take several solidified structure samples at different locations after the main features have been measured to obtain information such as the mechanical strength and microstructure of the samples.

[0072] The fifth step is to use tools such as pneumatic picks to gradually dismantle the solidified structure from the outside. During the dismantling process, attention should be paid to the position of grouting port 3 or cooling column 4. When the dismantling reaches the above positions, construction should be stopped, and the distribution of grout near the grouting port and the grout wrapping around the cooling column should be carefully observed and recorded.

[0073] Step 6: After all the disassembly work is completed, remove the cooling column 4 and grouting port 3 from the front steel plate 101 and clean them. Since the grout on the parts has completely solidified, it is necessary to use tools such as screwdrivers and steel brushes to remove it.

[0074] Step 7: Inspect the diaphragm material on the inner surface of experimental container 1. If there is any damage, repair it in time. After the repair is completed, reinstall the disassembled back steel plate 104 and side steel plate 105 back into their original positions and tighten them with screws for the next experiment.

[0075] Working principle of this invention:

[0076] First, preparations for the experiment were made. The steel plates (2.5mm thick) of experimental container 1 were transported to the experimental site using a gantry crane. Tin foil was evenly pasted onto the inner surface of each steel plate. Then, experimental container 1 was assembled, ensuring that all bolts connecting the steel plates were tightened. For this experiment, eight grouting holes 1011 (110mm in diameter) were pre-drilled on the front steel plate 101 of experimental container 1. Each grouting hole 1011 was fitted with either a grouting inlet 3 or a cooling column 4. The specific layout is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a ball valve (DN32) of the corresponding size is installed on each grouting port 3 or cooling column 4, and the ball valve is kept in the closed state. A pressure measuring hole 1012 (M20*1.5) is opened at the center of the front steel plate 101 for installing a mud-specific pressure gauge to monitor the pressure change inside the container. The required mass of coke to be added is estimated based on the effective volume of the experimental container 1. In this experiment, approximately 1.0t of coke is loaded into the coke container 203 (2.4m×1.6m×0.8m). Complete the pipeline connection between the liquefied gas tank and the flame burner cores 2012 (2×3 matrix layout) on the coke heating rack 201, and check the airtightness of the pipeline. Ignite each group of flame burner cores 2012 in sequence, and use a crane to place the coke container 203 on the U-shaped table 202. Adjust the position of the coke heating rack 201 under the U-shaped table 202 to ensure that the flame heating range can completely cover the bottom of the coke container 203. Adjust the flame of the flame burner cores 2012 to a suitable position. Timing began after the height was determined. After heating for approximately 32 minutes, the average temperature of the coke above coke container 203 was measured using an infrared thermometer and found to be 455℃. Heating was then stopped, and the coke was allowed to stand for approximately 20 minutes until the average temperature reached 500℃. A hoist was then used to connect the crane hook to the four lifting rings 2035 on coke container 203. The crane was operated to slowly lift coke container 203 until the tilting side door 2033 was placed on top of experimental container 1. The tilting side door 2033 of coke container 203 was then opened. The latch 2034 of 033 is used to lift the height of the two lifting rings 2035 at the far outlet end of the coke container 203 by operating the hoist chain. After the coke container 203 is tilted, the coke falls naturally under the action of gravity. Finally, the coke left at the bottom of the coke container 203 is transferred to the experimental container 1 by manual use of an iron rake. When the coke pile height in the experimental container 1 is slightly lower than the top edge of the container, the coke pile surface is leveled manually. Finally, the top steel plate 102 is covered by a hoist and tightened.

[0077] After completing the above preparations, the grouting experiment was started. 1.0t of lining powder (high-strength ceramic wear-resistant material, main components: fused white corundum and alumina micro powder) was poured into the mixer, and 12wt.% of liquid binder (30% silica sol) was added and mixed thoroughly. The mixed lining slurry was poured into the loading tank of the grouting machine. At the same time, the slurry pipeline was connected to the first grouting hole 1011, and the ball valve at the corresponding position was opened. The grouting machine operator started the pumping button and started the grouting operation. The slurry pumping interval was about 10 seconds / time. At the same time, the maximum pumping pressure during grouting was recorded as about 15MPa. After pumping 3 times, the pumping was stopped. After closing the ball valve, the slurry pipeline was removed and installed at the second grouting hole 1011. The above grouting operation was repeated. After the grouting work was completed, it was confirmed that the ball valves at all grouting holes 1011 were closed, and the lining material in the experimental container 1 was allowed to solidify. The grouting machine operator cleaned the grouting equipment and pipeline.

[0078] Twenty hours after the grouting operation was completed, the lining grout in experimental container 1 had completely solidified. The fixing bolts of the top steel plate 102, back steel plate 104, and side steel plate 105 were removed in sequence. A gantry crane was used to remove these steel plates. Shovels were used to clean up any coke particles scattered on the ground, and a brush was used to carefully remove any remaining coke residue from the solidified structure, exposing its full morphology. A 3D scanning device was used to comprehensively scan the lining material and the solidified coke morphology within experimental container 1, obtaining detailed geometric morphological data of the solidified structure. The dimensions of key locations were measured with a tape measure and photographed for observation and recording. After completion, the staff used a pneumatic pick to gradually dismantle the solidified grout. During the dismantling process, the solidified grout structure around the grouting port 3 or cooling column 4 at each grouting hole 1011 was measured and photographed. After all the above data collection was completed, the remaining solidified structure inside the experimental container 1 was disassembled and cleaned. The grouting port 3 or cooling column 4 and the ball valve at the corresponding position were removed. The above parts were cleaned with tools such as iron brushes. The tin foil inside the experimental container 1 was inspected and repaired. The removed back steel plate 104 and side steel plate 105 were reinstalled in their original positions to prepare for the next experiment.

[0079] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0080] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining, characterized in that, It includes an experimental container (1) and a coke heating device (2); the experimental container (1) includes a front steel plate (101), a top steel plate (102), a bottom steel plate (103), a back steel plate (104) and side steel plates (105); the number of the side steel plates (105) is two, and adjacent steel plates are fixedly connected by bolt kits. The coke heating device (2) includes a coke heating rack (201), a table (202) and a coke container (203); a table (202) is arranged around the coke heating rack (201); a coke container (203) is placed on the table (202).

2. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of grouting holes (1011) are formed in the front steel plate (101), a grouting port (3) or a cooling column (4) is installed on the grouting holes (1011), a pressure measuring hole (1012) is formed at the center of the front steel plate (101), and a special mud pressure gauge is threadedly installed on the pressure measuring hole (1012).

3. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure relief hole (1021) is formed in the top steel plate (102).

4. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coke heating rack (201) includes a stove core bottom rack (2011), a flame stove core (2012), moving pulleys (2013), a heating rack pusher (2014) and a liquefied gas pipeline (2015); a plurality of flame stove cores (2012) are arranged in a rectangular array on the top surface of the stove core bottom rack (2011), the surface of the table (202) is higher than the horizontal plane of the flame stove core (2012), and the bottom surface size of the coke container (203) is adapted to the heating area formed by the plurality of flame stove cores (2012); the four moving pulleys (2013) are connected to the bottom surface of the stove core bottom rack (2011) through support rods; the heating rack pusher (2014) is fixedly arranged on one side of the stove core bottom rack (2011); the liquefied gas pipeline (2015) is arranged on the flame stove core (2012).

5. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The table (202) has a "return" - shaped structure.

6. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coke container (203) includes a U - shaped side wall plate (2031), a grid bottom plate (2032), a dumping side door (2033), a door latch (2034) and a lifting ring (2035); the grid bottom plate (2032) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the U - shaped side wall plate (2031); the dumping side door (2033) is arranged on the U - shaped side wall plate (2031); the door latch (2034) is arranged on the dumping side door (2033); the four lifting rings (2035) are uniformly fixedly arranged on the top surface of the U - shaped side wall plate (2031).

7. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 6, characterized in that, The U - shaped side wall plate (2031), the grid bottom plate (2032) and the dumping side door (2033) are painted with high - temperature resistant paint, and asbestos heat - insulating layers are arranged on the U - shaped side wall plate (2031) and the dumping side door (2033).

8. The experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grouting port (3) includes an outer cover plate A (301), screw holes A (302), ball valve interface A (303), and side grout outlets (304); a plurality of screw holes A (302) are evenly provided on the outer cover plate A (301); the ball valve interface A (303) is provided on the outer cover plate A (301); a plurality of side grout outlets (304) are provided in a ring array on the circumferential surface of the ball valve interface A (303).

9. An experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling column (4) includes an outer cover plate B (401), screw holes B (402), a slurry inlet (403), a ball valve interface B (404), and a column body (405); a plurality of screw holes B (402) are evenly provided on the outer cover plate B (401); a slurry inlet (403) is provided on the outer cover plate B (401); the ball valve interface B (404) is located on one side of the outer cover plate B (401) and communicates with the slurry inlet (403); the column body (405) is located on the other side of the outer cover plate B (401).

10. A method for an experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining, applicable to the experimental apparatus for blast furnace lining as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the experimental container (1) with bolts, ensuring that there are no obvious gaps between the steel plates. Apply diaphragm material to the inner surface of the experimental container (1). Install the grouting port (3) or cooling column (4) parts at the grouting hole (1011) of the experimental container (1) according to the experimental design plan. Cover the grouting hole (1011) without the above parts with a baffle. Install a mud-specific pressure gauge on the pressure measuring hole (1012). Step 2: Load the coke to be heated into the coke container (203) in advance, connect the liquefied gas pipeline (2015) to the liquefied gas tank, open the liquefied gas valve in sequence, ignite the flame burner core (2012), and after the flame is stable, place the coke container (203) on the table (202) by the overhead crane. Then, move the coke heating rack (201) by the heating rack pusher (2014) and adjust its relative position with the coke container (203) to ensure that the heating area can completely cover the bottom of the coke container (203). Finally, adjust the flame height and start timing. Step 3: After heating the coke for about half an hour, use an infrared thermometer to measure the coke temperature at different locations in the coke container (203) at multiple points intermittently. When the average coke temperature exceeds 450°C, heating can be stopped. The average coke temperature can be eventually raised to about 500°C by the spontaneous combustion of the coke in the coke container (203) in an open environment (generally lasting at least 20 minutes). Step 4: Fix the hook above the hoist to the hook of the crane, and fix the four chains to the four rings (2035) of the coke container (203) respectively. Then, operate the crane to lift the coke container (203) smoothly, so that the tilting side door (2033) is placed above the experimental container (1). Open the latch (2034), operate the length of the hoist chain to slowly raise the height of the side of the coke container (203) that is suspended. Under the action of gravity, the coke begins to slide down into the experimental container (1) below. Finally, the coke left in the tilted coke container (203) can be manually filled into the experimental container (1) with the help of tools such as iron rakes. Step 5: Operate the overhead crane to remove the coke container (203), use tools such as iron rakes to measure the coke material level on the top of the experimental container (1), the material level being slightly lower than the height of the steel plate of the experimental container (1), and finally operate the overhead crane to cover the top steel plate (102) of the experimental container (1) and tighten the bolts.

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