Parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rainfall sensor

Abstract

The invention provides a parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rainfall sensor which comprises a base, three rainfall measuring devices with different precisions are arranged on the base, and output signals of the three rainfall measuring devices are all transmitted to a signal processing device. According to the invention, three rainfall measuring devices with different precisions are horizontally and adjacently arranged, respectively collect rainfall at the same time and independently calculate data according to respective precisions, the three rainfall measuring devices are connected in parallel, and according to the algorithm of the invention, the output results of the three rainfall measuring devices are used as control signals to be input into a logic OR device. The rainfall data comparison and correction can be carried out as long as the rainfall measuring device with one precision has an output signal, and the purpose of carrying out real-time correction on the rainfall error under different rainfall intensities is realized, so that the purpose of accurately monitoring and recording the real-time rainfall is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rain gauge technology, specifically relating to a parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the tipping bucket rain gauge is the type of rain gauge with the smallest error. The commonly used tipping bucket rain gauge has a double tipping bucket structure, which consists of a metering tipping bucket and a counting tipping bucket. Its output accuracy is 0.1 mm. Due to its simple structure and high reliability, it is relatively accurate and efficient for the observation and measurement of general precipitation and is widely used in meteorological and hydrological monitoring.

[0003] One drawback of this type of tipping bucket rain gauge is that when monitoring short-term heavy rainfall (such as rainfall intensity > 4 mm / min), due to the large amount of rainwater accumulated in the water collector, the water flow velocity in the funnel is too fast, and the frequent tipping of the metering bucket causes the rainwater to not all pass through the metering bucket, resulting in measurement errors. The tipping error has a cumulative effect, and the greater the rainfall intensity, the greater the error.

[0004] Invention patent CN119535646A discloses a multi-sensor dual-tilting-bucket rain gauge, and utility model patent CN206339674U discloses a dual-resolution output tilting-bucket rain gauge. Both patents propose using two different precision measuring and counting tilting buckets to address the aforementioned error problem. However, because the two tilting buckets in these two patents are connected in series, rainwater needs to pass through the first measuring bucket and then the second measuring bucket. This results in a time difference in the signals collected by the two buckets, making it impossible to correct the rainfall amount in real time. Neither patent addresses how to record rainfall values ​​when the rainfall amount is not an integer multiple of the second measuring precision (1 mm). Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor. This sensor addresses the problem of rainfall measurement errors during short-duration heavy rainfall (rainfall intensity > 4 mm / min). The dual-output rain gauge sensor uses the outputs of three different precision rain gauges as control signals input to a logic OR device. As soon as any one precision rain gauge outputs a signal, rainfall data comparison and correction begin. This achieves real-time correction of rainfall errors under different rainfall intensities, thereby enabling accurate monitoring and recording of real-time rainfall. This invention also provides two output results: one is the rainfall result corrected in real-time by this invention, and the other is the monitoring result from a commonly used single-precision tipping bucket rain gauge sensor for comparative observation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor, characterized in that it includes a base, on which a first rain gauge measuring device, a second rain gauge measuring device and a third rain gauge measuring device are arranged. The first rain gauge measuring device, the second rain gauge measuring device and the third rain gauge measuring device have different measurement accuracies, and the output signals of the first rain gauge measuring device, the second rain gauge measuring device and the third rain gauge measuring device are all transmitted to a signal processing device.

[0007] The accuracy of the first rainfall measuring device is 0.1 mm, the accuracy of the second rainfall measuring device is 0.5 mm, and the accuracy of the third rainfall measuring device is 1 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the base is provided with multiple adjustment plates around its perimeter. The adjustment plates are fixedly installed on the concrete foundation by fastening screws. The adjustment plates are connected to the base by leveling screws. The base is provided with a level bubble. The level of the base is observed by the level bubble. The base is adjusted by the leveling screws to make the base level.

[0009] Preferably, three measuring device bases are fixedly mounted on the base by mounting screws. The measuring device bases are used to connect the first rainfall measuring device, the second rainfall measuring device, or the third rainfall measuring device. Insect-proof filters are provided between the measuring device bases and the first, second, and third rainfall measuring devices to prevent insects from crawling into the devices and affecting their accuracy and normal operation.

[0010] Preferably, an inner cylinder is fixedly installed on the base of the measuring device by fixing screws. The first rainfall measuring device, the second rainfall measuring device, and the third rainfall measuring device are respectively installed in the inner cylinder. A water collector is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cylinder. The bottom of the water collector is funnel-shaped. An anti-clogging filter screen is provided on the top of the funnel. The output end of the funnel is directly opposite the inlet end of the first rainfall measuring device, the second rainfall measuring device, and the third rainfall measuring device.

[0011] Rainwater is collected by a water collector, and the collected rainwater enters the first, second and third rainfall measuring devices through the bottom funnel structure for measurement.

[0012] Preferably, the first, second, and third rainfall measuring devices have the same structure. The first rainfall measuring device includes a collecting funnel, a positioning screw, an upper tipping bucket, a vertical connecting plate, a horizontal connecting plate, a fixed support, a collecting funnel, a capacity adjusting screw, a metering and counting tipping bucket, a reed switch, a terminal block, and a metering and counting tipping bucket support.

[0013] The fixed support is fixedly installed on the base of the measuring device. A horizontal connecting plate is fixedly installed on the fixed support. An upward-turning bucket is provided in the middle of the horizontal connecting plate. A collecting funnel is connected to the horizontal connecting plate through a vertical connecting plate. A groove is provided on the vertical connecting plate to cooperate with the water outlet end of the collecting funnel. The inlet end of the collecting funnel is located directly below the water receiver. The rainwater collected by the water receiver is sent into the collecting funnel. The outlet end of the collecting funnel is located directly above the upward-turning bucket.

[0014] The top-loading bucket receives rainwater collected by the collection funnel, and flips over when the water reaches a set threshold.

[0015] A collecting funnel is fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal connecting plate. A metering and counting tipping bucket is set between the bottom ends of the fixed support columns. The outlet end of the collecting funnel is located directly above the metering and counting tipping bucket. A magnet is installed on the metering and counting tipping bucket. A metering and counting tipping bucket support is connected to the bottom end of the metering and counting tipping bucket. A reed switch is installed on the metering and counting tipping bucket support. Terminals are connected to both ends of the reed switch.

[0016] The collecting funnel collects the rainwater discharged from the tipping bucket and transports it to the metering and counting tipping bucket. When the set threshold is reached, the metering and counting tipping bucket flips, causing the magnet to flip as well. The reed switch generates a switching signal due to the magnet scanning, and the switching signal is output to the signal processing device through the terminal block. The rainwater discharged from the metering and counting tipping bucket is discharged outside the device through the insect-proof filter.

[0017] The signals output from the reed switches of the first, second, and third rainfall measuring devices are led out through terminals and used as counting signals for their respective accuracy measuring devices, as well as as control signals. They are simultaneously connected to the three input terminals of a logic OR device. As long as one accuracy reed switch has an output signal, the rainfall will be calculated and corrected in real time according to the algorithm of this invention.

[0018] Preferably, a positioning screw is connected to the vertical connecting plate, the positioning screw being located above the upper tipping bucket, and the tipping threshold of the upper tipping bucket is adjusted by the positioning screw.

[0019] Preferably, the metering and counting tipping bucket support is provided with capacity adjustment screws on both sides, and the capacity adjustment screws are located above the metering and counting tipping bucket. The tipping threshold of the metering and counting tipping bucket is adjusted by adjusting the capacity adjustment screws.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention places a first, second, and third rainfall measuring device with different accuracies horizontally adjacent to each other, each simultaneously collecting rainfall and independently calculating data according to its own accuracies. The first, second, and third rainfall measuring devices are connected in parallel. The algorithm of this invention uses the output results of the first, second, and third rainfall measuring devices as control signals input to the logic OR device. As long as one rainfall measuring device with a certain accuracies has an output signal, the rainfall data comparison and correction will begin. This achieves the purpose of real-time correction of rainfall errors under different rainfall intensities, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately monitoring and recording real-time rainfall.

[0021] 2. The present invention also provides two output results: one is the rainfall result after real-time correction by the present invention, and the other is the result of the commonly used single-precision tipping bucket rain gauge for comparative observation.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rainfall measuring device in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the appearance of the invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a side view of the appearance of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a logic block diagram of the correction algorithm of this invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0031] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor, including a base 5, on which a first rain gauge 1, a second rain gauge 2 and a third rain gauge 3 are disposed. The first rain gauge 1, the second rain gauge 2 and the third rain gauge 3 have different measurement accuracies, and the output signals of the first rain gauge 1, the second rain gauge 2 and the third rain gauge 3 are all transmitted to a signal processing device.

[0032] The accuracy of the first rainfall measuring device 1 is 0.1 mm, the accuracy of the second rainfall measuring device 2 is 0.5 mm, and the accuracy of the third rainfall measuring device 3 is 1 mm.

[0033] In this embodiment, a plurality of adjusting plates 504 are provided around the base 5. The adjusting plates 504 are fixedly installed on the concrete foundation by fastening screws 506. The adjusting plates 504 are connected to the base 5 by horizontal adjusting screws 505. A level bubble 503 is provided on the base 5. The level bubble 503 is used to observe whether the base 5 is level. The level adjusting screws 505 are used to adjust the base 5 so that the base 5 is level.

[0034] In this embodiment, three measuring device bases 501 are fixedly installed on the base 5 by mounting screws 507. The measuring device bases 501 are used to connect the first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2, or the third rainfall measuring device 3. An insect-proof filter 502 is provided between the measuring device base 501 and the first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2, and the third rainfall measuring device 3 to prevent insects from crawling into the device and affecting the accuracy and normal operation of the device.

[0035] In this embodiment, an inner cylinder 401 is fixedly installed on the base 501 of the measuring device by fixing screws 404. The first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2, and the third rainfall measuring device 3 are respectively arranged inside the inner cylinder 401. A water collector 402 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cylinder 401. The bottom of the water collector 402 is funnel-shaped, and an anti-clogging filter 403 is provided on the top of the funnel. The output end of the funnel is directly opposite the inlet end of the first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2, and the third rainfall measuring device 3. An outer cylinder 4 is also fixedly installed on the base 5. The three inner cylinders 401 are located on the outer cylinder 4 and are arranged in a triangular pattern.

[0036] Rainwater is collected by the water collector 402, and the collected rainwater enters the first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2 and the third rainfall measuring device 3 through the bottom funnel structure for measurement.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2, and the third rainfall measuring device 3 have the same structure. The first rainfall measuring device 1 includes a collecting funnel 101, a positioning screw 102, an upper tipping bucket 103, a vertical connecting plate 104, a horizontal connecting plate 105, a fixed support column 106, a collecting funnel 107, a capacity adjusting screw 108, a metering and counting tipping bucket 109, a reed switch 110, a terminal block 111, and a metering and counting tipping bucket bracket 112.

[0038] The fixed support column 106 is fixedly installed on the base 501 of the measuring device. A horizontal connecting plate 105 is fixedly installed on the fixed support column 106. An upward-turning bucket 103 is provided in the middle of the horizontal connecting plate 105. A collecting funnel 101 is connected to the horizontal connecting plate 105 through a vertical connecting plate 104. A groove is provided on the vertical connecting plate 104 to cooperate with the water outlet end of the collecting funnel 101. The inlet end of the collecting funnel 101 is located directly below the water receiver 402. The rainwater collected by the water receiver 402 is sent into the collecting funnel 101. The outlet end of the collecting funnel 101 is located directly above the upward-turning bucket 103.

[0039] The top-loading bucket 103 receives rainwater collected by the collection funnel 101, and flips over when the set threshold is reached.

[0040] A collecting funnel 107 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal connecting plate 105. A metering and counting tipping bucket 109 is arranged between the bottom ends of the fixed support columns 106. The outlet end of the collecting funnel 107 is located directly above the metering and counting tipping bucket 109. A magnet is provided on the metering and counting tipping bucket 109. A metering and counting tipping bucket bracket 112 is connected to the bottom end of the metering and counting tipping bucket 109. A reed switch 110 is provided on the metering and counting tipping bucket bracket 112. Terminal posts 111 are connected to both ends of the reed switch 110.

[0041] The collecting funnel 107 collects the rainwater discharged by the tipping bucket 103 and transports it to the metering and counting tipping bucket 109. When the set threshold is reached, the metering and counting tipping bucket 109 flips, causing the magnet to flip. The reed switch 110 generates a switching signal due to the magnet scanning, and the switching signal is output to the signal processing device through the terminal 111. The rainwater discharged by the metering and counting tipping bucket 109 is discharged outside the device through the insect-proof filter 502.

[0042] The signals output by the reed switches 110 of the first rainfall measuring device 1, the second rainfall measuring device 2, and the third rainfall measuring device 3 are led out through the terminal 111. They are used as counting signals for their respective accuracy measuring devices and as control signals, and are simultaneously connected to the three input terminals of a logic OR device. As long as one accuracy reed switch 110 has an output signal, the rainfall will be calculated and corrected in real time according to the algorithm of the present invention.

[0043] In this embodiment, a positioning screw 102 is connected to the vertical connecting plate 104. The positioning screw 102 is located above the upper tipping bucket 103, and the tipping threshold of the upper tipping bucket 103 is adjusted by the positioning screw 102.

[0044] In this embodiment, capacity adjustment screws 108 are provided on both sides of the metering and counting tipping bucket support 112. The capacity adjustment screws 108 are located above the metering and counting tipping bucket 109, and the tipping threshold of the metering and counting tipping bucket 109 is adjusted by the capacity adjustment screws 108.

[0045] In use, the rainwater collected by the water collector 402 corresponding to the first precision measuring device is filtered by the anti-clogging filter 403 in the water collector 402 and then enters the first precision measuring device. The rainwater collected by the collecting funnel 101 flows from the bottom outlet of the collecting funnel 101 into one side of the tilting bucket 103.

[0046] When the rainwater in one side of the tipping bucket 103 reaches the threshold corresponding to 0.1 mm of rainfall, the tipping bucket 103 flips over, pouring the rainwater collected on one side of the tipping bucket 103 into the collection funnel 107 below. The other side of the tipping bucket 103 flips up to continue collecting the rainwater flowing down from the collection funnel 101.

[0047] Rainwater in the collecting funnel 107 flows into one side of the metering and counting funnel 109 through the water outlet at the bottom of the collecting funnel 107. When the rainwater in one side of the metering and counting funnel 109 reaches the threshold corresponding to 0.1mm of rainfall, the metering and counting funnel 109 flips over, and the flipping of the metering and counting funnel 109 causes the magnet connected to it to rotate.

[0048] The magnet rotates and scans the reed switch 110, which is vertically installed in the metering and counting tipping bucket support 112. The reed switch 110 generates an output signal due to the magnet scanning, and the output signal terminal 111 transmits the signal to the signal processing device 6.

[0049] The metering and counting funnel 109 flips over to discharge the rainwater collected on one side of the metering and counting funnel 109. The other side of the metering and counting funnel 109 flips up to continue collecting the rainwater flowing down from the collection funnel 107. The rainwater discharged from the metering and counting funnel 109 passes through the insect-proof filter 502 and is discharged to the bottom of the base 5.

[0050] When there is still rainwater in the water collector 402, repeat the above operation. The product of the number of output signals of the first precision measuring device 1 within the statistical time period and the single rainfall amount of 0.1 mm is the statistical rainfall amount.

[0051] The working principle of the second rainfall measuring device 2 and the third rainfall measuring device 3 is the same as that of the first precision measuring device 1. The statistical rainfall is the product of the number of output signals of the second rainfall measuring device 2 and the single rainfall of 0.5 mm within the statistical time period. The statistical rainfall is the product of the number of output signals of the third rainfall measuring device 3 and the single rainfall of 1 mm within the statistical time period.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the correction algorithm of this device is as follows: At 00:00:00 every day, the rain counter D0, the rain counter D1 and count counter H1 of the first precision measuring device 1, the rain counter D2 and count counter H2 of the second precision measuring device 2, and the rain counter D3 and count counter H3 of the third precision measuring device 3 are cleared to zero. The switch signals K1, K2, and K3 of the first precision measuring device 1, the second precision measuring device 2, and the third precision measuring device 3 are set to zero. K1, K2, and K3 are connected to the input terminals of a logic OR device.

[0053] When none of the three rainfall measuring devices (1, 2, and 3) output a rainfall signal, the control signal K0 at the output of the logic OR device will be 0, and the rainfall recording and correction program will not be started. The rainfall counter D0 will be 0, and the three measuring devices will simultaneously and independently monitor and calculate the rainfall.

[0054] When the metering and counting funnel 109 of the first precision measuring device 1 flips once, the reed switch 110 of the first precision measuring device 1 generates a switching signal, denoted as digital signal K1=1. At this time, the count counter H1=H1+1 and the rainfall counter D1=0.1*H1. When the metering and counting funnel 109 of the second precision measuring device 2 flips once, the reed switch 110 of the second precision measuring device 2 generates a switching signal, denoted as digital signal K2=1. At this time, the count counter H2=H2+1 and the rainfall counter D2=0.5*H2. When the metering and counting funnel 109 of the third precision measuring device 3 flips once, the reed switch 110 of the third precision measuring device 3 generates a switching signal, denoted as digital signal K3=1. At this time, the count counter H3=H3+1 and the rainfall counter D3=1*H3.

[0055] The rainfall recording and correction procedure begins each time K0=1, meaning one or more of K1, K2, and K3 are 1.

[0056] When K1=1, D0=D0+0.1; when D2>D0, D0=D2; when D3>D0, D0=D3. Repeat the above operation. D0 outputs the rainfall data corrected in real time by this invention, and D1 outputs the rainfall data with an accuracy of 0.1mm. In order to obtain statistical rainfall data, the minute rainfall data can be obtained by storing the D0 and D1 data every minute at regular intervals. Rainfall data with a time of more than one minute can be obtained using statistical methods.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the inventive essence shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge, characterized in that, Includes a base (5), on which a first rainfall measuring device (1), a second rainfall measuring device (2) and a third rainfall measuring device (3) are provided. The first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) and the third rainfall measuring device (3) have different measurement accuracies. The output signals of the first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) and the third rainfall measuring device (3) are all transmitted to a signal processing device.

2. The parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (5) is provided with multiple adjustment plates (504) around its perimeter. The adjustment plates (504) are fixedly installed on the concrete foundation by fastening screws (506). The adjustment plates (504) are connected to the base (5) by horizontal adjustment screws (505). The base (5) is provided with a level bubble (503).

3. A parallel multi-precision corrected dual-output rain gauge sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, Three measuring device bases (501) are fixedly installed on the base (5) by mounting screws (507). The measuring device bases (501) are used to connect the first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) or the third rainfall measuring device (3). An insect-proof filter (502) is provided between the measuring device base (501) and the first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) and the third rainfall measuring device (3).

4. A parallel multi-precision corrected dual-output rain gauge sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner cylinder (401) is fixedly installed on the base (501) of the measuring device by fixing screws (404). The first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) and the third rainfall measuring device (3) are respectively set inside the inner cylinder (401). A water collector (402) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cylinder (401). The bottom of the water collector (402) is funnel-shaped. An anti-clogging filter (403) is set on the top of the funnel. The output end of the funnel is directly opposite the inlet end of the first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) and the third rainfall measuring device (3).

5. A parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first rainfall measuring device (1), the second rainfall measuring device (2) and the third rainfall measuring device (3) have the same structure. The first rainfall measuring device (1) includes a collecting funnel (101), a positioning screw (102), an upper tipping bucket (103), a vertical connecting plate (104), a horizontal connecting plate (105), a fixed support (106), a collecting funnel (107), a capacity adjusting screw (108), a metering and counting tipping bucket (109), a reed switch (110), a terminal block (111) and a metering and counting tipping bucket bracket (112). The fixed support column (106) is fixedly installed on the base (501) of the measuring device. A horizontal connecting plate (105) is fixedly installed on the fixed support column (106). An upward tilting bucket (103) is provided in the middle position of the horizontal connecting plate (105). A collecting funnel (101) is connected to the horizontal connecting plate (105) through a vertical connecting plate (104). The inlet end of the collecting funnel (101) is located directly below the water receiver (402), and the outlet end of the collecting funnel (101) is located directly above the upward tilting bucket (103). A collecting funnel (107) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal connecting plate (105). A metering and counting tipping bucket (109) is provided between the bottom ends of the fixed support column (106). The outlet end of the collecting funnel (107) is located directly above the metering and counting tipping bucket (109). A magnet is provided on the metering and counting tipping bucket (109). A metering and counting tipping bucket bracket (112) is connected to the bottom end of the metering and counting tipping bucket (109). A reed switch (110) is provided on the metering and counting tipping bucket bracket (112). Terminals (111) are connected to both ends of the reed switch (110).

6. A parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, A positioning screw (102) is connected to the vertical connecting plate (104), and the positioning screw (102) is located above the tipping bucket (103).

7. A parallel multi-precision correction dual-output rain gauge sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The metering and counting tipping bucket support (112) is provided with capacity adjustment screws (108) on both sides, and the capacity adjustment screws (108) are located above the metering and counting tipping bucket (109).

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