Cost optimization method and system for high-temperature heat storage material

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature heat storage material cost optimization method and system, and relates to the field of high-temperature heat storage material cost optimization. According to the high-temperature heat storage material cost optimization method and system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, a dual-drive mode of a solid waste resource coupling process and a policy lever is constructed, high-quality carbon fibers are efficiently produced by utilizing waste resources of an inferior coal power plant, and remaining residues are treated by a special process to form a novel high-temperature heat storage material; the directional conversion process of coal-series solid waste is formed, the problem of preparation of solid waste in the whole life cycle through SiC is completely solved, the requirements of a national clean production promotion method and an energy-saving method are met, waste generated by a project is effectively utilized, harmlessness and recycling of garbage are truly achieved, and the double targets of energy circulation and clean production are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein belong to the field of cost optimization of high-temperature thermal storage materials, specifically relating to a method and system for cost optimization of high-temperature thermal storage materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of solid waste resource utilization, existing technologies have demonstrated certain environmental and economic benefits.

[0003] For example, patent CN118005360A proposes a method for preparing fluidized solidified soil with synergistic solid waste-slag soil slurry and full particle size optimization. By utilizing solid waste resources such as modified graphite tailings, red mud, slag powder, fly ash, and steel slag, it achieves resource recycling, reduces energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and the prepared fluidized solidified soil exhibits good engineering performance. However, this technology mainly focuses on the direct utilization of solid waste resources and fails to deeply explore the potential value of solid waste, such as the high-value utilization of by-products and the synergistic effect of policy leverage.

[0004] For example, patent CN115340308A provides a pretreatment method for industrial solid waste. By eliminating the content of components such as f-CaO and f-MgO in solid waste, it solves the problems of large compositional fluctuations, low gelling activity, high content of pollutants, and poor engineering performance when solid waste is used as a cementitious material. Furthermore, it provides a cementitious material that can replace cement. Although this method has made progress in improving the efficiency of solid waste resource utilization, it mainly focuses on the pretreatment of solid waste and the preparation of cementitious materials, failing to systematically consider the value enhancement of the entire solid waste resource chain, such as further reducing costs and improving economic efficiency through innovative design of thermal storage materials and the use of policy levers.

[0005] Based on the above analysis, although existing technologies have achieved certain results in the resource utilization of solid waste, there are still shortcomings in areas such as enhancing the value of solid waste derivatives, optimizing the use of policy levers, and exploring pathways for high-value utilization of by-products.

[0006] This disclosure aims to address the problems of high cost, low economic efficiency, and insufficient utilization of by-products in existing technologies by employing multi-level innovation strategies, including solid waste coupling processes, policy leverage and by-product value-added, and integrated optimization of thermal storage systems. It seeks to achieve in-depth value mining and efficient utilization of solid waste resources, providing a new solution for cost optimization of high-temperature thermal storage materials. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments disclosed herein aim to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a method and system for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials.

[0008] One aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure provides a method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Set up industrial production facilities in areas rich in fly ash; S2. Acid treatment process is used to pretreat fly ash to form an activated microstructure; S3. Convert activated fly ash into semi-solid SiC through carbothermic reduction; S4. Lightweight carbon fiber is produced by mixing semi-solid SiC with a carbon source. S5. Lightweight carbon fiber is placed in a high-temperature thermal storage unit and SiC material is produced by electric arc furnace. S6. React SiC materials with industrial waste to form high-temperature thermal storage materials; S7. Calcination modification treatment of heat storage materials.

[0009] Optionally, the acid mentioned in step S2 is an aqueous solution of black gypsum.

[0010] Optionally, step S3 includes activating fly ash using a high-temperature plasma jet generated by arc discharge.

[0011] Optionally, the electric arc furnace described in step S5 uses anthracite as a reducing agent.

[0012] Optionally, the industrial waste mentioned in step S6 is one or more of metallurgical slag, chemical slag, coking wax blocks, and clay.

[0013] Optionally, the calcination modification treatment in step S7 may include the removal of one or more of mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium.

[0014] Another aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure provides a high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization system for implementing the high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization method described above. The system includes a crusher, a stirrer, an electric arc furnace, a granulator, a calcining furnace, a packaging machine, and a conveying mechanism. The input end of the pulverizer is connected to the acid source mechanism and the material conveying channel; A drying chamber is provided at the output end of the stirrer; The drying oven, the electric arc furnace, the granulator, and the calcining furnace are connected in series.

[0015] Optionally, the system may also include a spraying device and a dust removal device.

[0016] Optionally, the system also includes an information processing module and an energy control module for real-time monitoring of system operating parameters.

[0017] Optionally, the information processing module is used to control the series-parallel structure of multiple thermal storage units.

[0018] This disclosure discloses a method and system for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials. By constructing a dual-drive model of "solid waste resource coupling process + policy leverage", it utilizes the waste resources of low-quality coal power plants to efficiently produce high-quality carbon fiber. The remaining residue is processed by a special process to form a new type of high-temperature thermal storage material, forming a directional conversion process for coal-based solid waste. This completely solves the problem of solid waste throughout the entire life cycle of SiC production, complies with the requirements of the National Cleaner Production Promotion Law and the Energy Conservation Law, and ensures that all waste generated by the project is effectively utilized, truly achieving the harmlessness and resource utilization of waste, and realizing the dual goals of energy recycling and cleaner production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this disclosure provides a method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials, including: Step S1: Set up industrial production facilities in areas rich in fly ash.

[0022] Specifically, fly ash residue contains a large amount of low-valence inorganic salts, which can reduce the oxygen content in carbon fibers and improve the pore structure, thus facilitating the preparation of high-temperature thermal storage materials with high dust holding capacity. Constructing environmentally friendly and efficient integrated bases for fly ash pretreatment and clean heat source production in fly ash-rich areas can pretreat fly ash, achieving near-source processing and reducing transportation costs. The purpose of pretreatment is to eliminate the limiting factors of fly ash on other processing methods, solve the problem of incomplete combustion pollutant emissions when used as road filler, and address the issues of poor activity and easy sintering when used as a cement admixture. In pretreatment, harmful heavy metals in fly ash are separated through physicochemical methods such as calcination and acidolysis, while high-grade silicon and carbon sources are generated. The chemical reaction during calcination is: CaCO₃ → CaO + CO↑. The acidic solution used in the acidolysis process is dilute sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. The chemical reaction during acidolysis is: SiO₂ + 2HCl = SiCl₂ + 2H₂O.

[0023] Step S2: Pre-treat fly ash using an acid treatment process to form an activated microstructure.

[0024] Specifically, an acid treatment process is used to pretreat fly ash to form an activated microstructure and improve its reactivity. The acid used can be an aqueous solution of black gypsum.

[0025] Step S3: Convert activated fly ash into semi-solid SiC through carbothermic reduction.

[0026] Specifically, carbothermal reduction converts carbonates in activated fly ash into industrial by-product carbon sources, while simultaneously solidifying immature silica in the fly ash to generate semi-solid SiC with industrial application value. The fly ash can be activated by heating it with a high-temperature plasma jet generated by arc discharge.

[0027] Step S4: Mix semi-solid SiC with a carbon source to produce lightweight carbon fiber.

[0028] Specifically, through a thermal decomposition integrated process, semi-solid SiC is mixed with inexpensive carbon sources such as biomass and chemical kiln exhaust gas to produce lightweight, low-cost carbon fibers, which are then used as pore-forming agents in subsequent high-temperature thermal storage units.

[0029] Step S5: Place the lightweight carbon fiber into the high-temperature heat storage unit and produce SiC material through an electric arc furnace.

[0030] Specifically, SiC is produced using a solid reduction method in an electric arc furnace, with anthracite as the reducing agent. Lightweight carbon fibers are placed in a high-temperature thermal storage unit, which uses low-grade industrial by-product carbon as the reducing agent to directly and rapidly obtain SiC with semiconductor properties. This SiC is then mixed with anthracite and fed into the electric arc furnace to produce SiC materials. SiC produced using the electric arc method has advantages such as concentrated energy, low pollution, and low cost. This efficient and low-cost SiC synthesis technology removes elements such as Si, Al, and Ca from fly ash while simultaneously obtaining SiC. The principle of SiC synthesis is carbothermic reduction using a resistance furnace or induction furnace: SiO + C = Si + C. The carbon sources required for SiC synthesis generally include graphite, coke, petroleum coke, or organic carbon sources. The optimal temperature for SiC synthesis is above 1800℃, and the most suitable growth temperature is 2000℃~3000℃.

[0031] The obtained SiC is amorphous SiC. It can be processed through grinding, grading, sieving, and other post-processing techniques to meet the application requirements for high-temperature thermal storage materials. To ensure SiC meets these requirements, its particle size is preferably 10μm to 20μm, and its purity is preferably above 98%.

[0032] Step S6: React SiC material with industrial waste to form a high-temperature thermal storage material.

[0033] Specifically, SiC produced by electric arc furnaces complements other industrial wastes in terms of physicochemical properties. Through multi-factor coupling, chemical reactions occur between the substances, forming a novel high-temperature inorganic energy storage material with excellent heat storage performance. The other industrial wastes include metallurgical slag, chemical slag, coking wax blocks, and clay, etc.

[0034] Step S7: Calcine and modify the heat storage material.

[0035] Specifically, the new high-temperature thermal storage material undergoes calcination modification in a tank furnace to improve its physicochemical properties such as porosity, average particle size, density, and thermal conductivity. Simultaneously, harmful heavy metal elements are removed, resulting in a non-toxic and harmless high-temperature thermal storage material. These harmful heavy metal elements include mercury, arsenic, lead, and cadmium.

[0036] The directional conversion process of coal-based solid waste can be represented as follows: fly ash → powdery solid waste with activated microstructure → semi-solid silicon carbide precursor → lightweight carbon fiber → low-quality carbon fiber containing a large amount of residue → electric arc furnace melting → SiC material → high-temperature thermal storage material. With policy support, through large-scale application, the cost of preparing SiC thermal storage materials from fly ash can be reduced to less than 25 yuan / kg, showing great potential for large-scale commercialization.

[0037] This disclosure discloses a method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials. By constructing a dual-drive model of "solid waste resource coupling process + policy leverage", it utilizes the waste resources of low-quality coal power plants to efficiently produce high-quality carbon fiber. The remaining residue is processed by a special process to form a new type of high-temperature thermal storage material, forming a directional conversion process for coal-based solid waste. This completely solves the problem of solid waste throughout the entire life cycle of SiC production, complies with the requirements of the National Cleaner Production Promotion Law and the Energy Conservation Law, and ensures that all waste generated by the project is effectively utilized, truly achieving the harmlessness and resource utilization of waste, and realizing the dual goals of energy recycling and cleaner production.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, another embodiment of this disclosure provides a high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization system for implementing the high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization method described above. The system includes: The system comprises a crusher 21, a mixer 22, an electric arc furnace 23, a granulator 24, a calcining furnace 25, a packaging machine 26, and a conveying mechanism 27. The input end of the crusher 21 is connected to an acid source mechanism 211 and a material conveying channel 212. The output end of the mixer 22 is equipped with a drying chamber 221. The drying chamber 221, the electric arc furnace 23, the granulator 24, and the calcining furnace 25 are connected in series.

[0039] Specifically, acid source and fly ash are fed into crusher 21 through acid source mechanism 211 and material conveying channel 212 respectively for crushing. After being stirred by agitator 22, they are fed into electric arc furnace 23 to produce SiC material. Subsequently, they pass through granulator 24 to form SiC particles with a particle size of 10μm to 20μm, and then are sent to calcination furnace 25 for calcination modification treatment of the heat storage material. Finally, packaging machine 26 packages the heat storage material into modular solid particle heat storage units, and conveying mechanism 27 delivers the packaged products. The rated heat storage density of the heat storage unit is 10MJ / m³ to 80MJ / m³, and the operating temperature is 100℃ to 1500℃.

[0040] For example, the system further includes a spraying device and a dust removal device. The spraying device is located at the output end of the electric arc furnace 23 and cools the high-temperature SiC material by spraying water mist or a water curtain to prevent the material from overheating and sintering, which would affect its heat storage performance. The dust removal device is connected between the crusher 21 and the agitator 22 to remove dust impurities from the fly ash and prevent contamination of subsequent processes.

[0041] For example, the system further includes an information processing module and an energy control module for real-time monitoring of system operating parameters.

[0042] Specifically, the information processing module is electrically connected to the modular solid particle thermal storage unit. It collects the temperature and flow rate of the thermal storage unit through temperature sensors and flow sensors, and predicts the thermal energy demand based on meteorological data and user historical load, while optimizing the thermal storage / heat release sequence.

[0043] The energy control module is electrically connected to the electric arc furnace 23, directly controlling the electrical energy input. It dynamically adjusts the power of the electric arc furnace 23 according to the heat storage density range (10MJ / m³~80MJ / m³), balancing heat output and energy efficiency. It can integrate an electricity price signal receiving unit (such as a off-peak / peak electricity meter) to activate electric heating during off-peak hours, reducing energy costs.

[0044] For example, the information processing module is also used to control the series-parallel structure of multiple thermal storage units. Fuzzy logic or machine learning algorithms are employed to coordinate the switching between series and parallel connections of multiple modular thermal storage units, achieving uniform heat distribution.

[0045] This disclosure discloses a high-temperature thermal energy storage material cost optimization system. By constructing a dual-drive model of "solid waste resource coupling process + policy leverage", it utilizes the waste resources of low-quality coal power plants to efficiently produce high-quality carbon fiber. The remaining residue is processed by a special process to form a new type of high-temperature thermal energy storage material, forming a directional conversion process for coal-based solid waste. This completely solves the solid waste problem throughout the entire life cycle of SiC production, complies with the requirements of the National Cleaner Production Promotion Law and the Energy Conservation Law, and ensures that all waste generated by the project is effectively utilized, truly achieving the harmlessness and resource utilization of waste, and realizing the dual goals of energy recycling and cleaner production.

[0046] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Set up industrial production facilities in areas rich in fly ash; S2. Acid treatment process is used to pretreat fly ash to form an activated microstructure; S3. Convert activated fly ash into semi-solid SiC through carbothermic reduction; S4. Lightweight carbon fiber is produced by mixing semi-solid SiC with a carbon source. S5. Lightweight carbon fiber is placed in a high-temperature thermal storage unit and SiC material is produced by electric arc furnace. S6. React SiC materials with industrial waste to form high-temperature thermal storage materials; S7. Calcination modification treatment of heat storage materials.

2. The method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acid mentioned in step S2 is an aqueous solution of black gypsum.

3. The method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes activating fly ash using a high-temperature plasma jet generated by arc discharge.

4. The method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric arc furnace described in step S5 uses anthracite as a reducing agent.

5. The method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The industrial waste mentioned in step S6 is one or more of metallurgical slag, chemical slag, coking wax blocks, and clay.

6. The method for optimizing the cost of high-temperature thermal storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcination modification treatment in step S7 includes the removal of one or more of mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium.

7. A cost optimization system for high-temperature thermal storage materials, used to implement the cost optimization method for high-temperature thermal storage materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The system includes a crusher, a mixer, an electric arc furnace, a granulator, a calcining furnace, a packaging machine, and a conveying mechanism; The input end of the pulverizer is connected to the acid source mechanism and the material conveying channel; A drying chamber is provided at the output end of the stirrer; The drying oven, the electric arc furnace, the granulator, and the calcining furnace are connected in series.

8. The high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system also includes a spraying device and a dust removal device.

9. The high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The system also includes an information processing module and an energy control module for real-time monitoring of system operating parameters.

10. The high-temperature thermal storage material cost optimization system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The information processing module is also used to control the series and parallel structure of multiple thermal storage units.

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