Laminated energy storage battery box

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, in particular to a laminated energy storage battery box which comprises a box body, the box body is defined by a bottom plate, side plates and an upper box cover, the laminated energy storage battery box further comprises a plurality of horizontally-arranged liquid cooling plates, each liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet nozzle and a liquid outlet nozzle, and the liquid cooling plates are arranged in the box body at intervals in the vertical direction; the liquid cooling plate is provided with a module section for placing the battery module and a non-module section for not placing the battery module, except the non-module section on the lowest side, the other non-module sections are all provided with wire passing holes which are through up and down, all module monomers of the battery modules in the module section are connected through transverse copper bars, and the battery modules between adjacent placing cavities are connected through vertical copper bars; wherein one layer of battery module is provided with a total positive connecting copper bar for total positive output, and the other layer of battery module is provided with a total negative connecting copper bar for total negative output; the technical problems that in the prior art, the number of battery box interfaces is large, the cooling plate function is single, and the overall structure complexity is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, and more specifically to a stacked energy storage battery box. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of highly efficient integrated energy storage devices, stacked battery boxes consist of multiple layers of independent enclosures stacked in an orderly manner. Adjacent enclosures are securely fixed using customized high-strength connection structures (such as precision clips and bolt fastening components), ensuring both the overall structural stability after stacking and ease of assembly. This equipment generally adopts a modular design concept; each independent module integrates not only a specific number of standardized battery cells but also auxiliary components such as voltage monitoring and heat dissipation control, forming a fully functional independent energy storage unit.

[0003] In terms of space utilization, the stacked battery box eliminates redundant support brackets and distributed structural components found in traditional battery boxes, adopting a highly integrated design that significantly reduces ineffective space occupation. This results in a substantial increase in energy density per unit space, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with stringent installation space requirements, such as new energy vehicles and distributed energy storage power stations. Furthermore, individual modules, with their compact size and lightweight design, can be easily moved manually or with small handling equipment, greatly reducing the labor intensity of on-site handling and installation and improving construction efficiency.

[0004] Ease of maintenance is one of its core advantages. The modular design eliminates the need to disassemble the entire battery box when a fault occurs. After locating the faulty module through an intelligent monitoring system, only the faulty module needs to be replaced to complete the repair. This not only shortens downtime but also significantly reduces component wear and labor costs during maintenance. In terms of scalability, the equipment boasts strong adaptability. Users can increase the total capacity in stages by directly adding battery modules according to actual energy storage needs (such as expanding residential energy storage or increasing the deployment of industrial and commercial power plants), perfectly adapting to scenarios where power demand may dynamically increase. Furthermore, the stacking order and arrangement of each battery module can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape and size limitations of the installation space and wiring layout requirements. It can achieve both high-density vertical stacking and horizontal dispersed arrangement, easily adapting to different types of installation environments. This greatly facilitates future system layout adjustments, expansions, or modifications, further enhancing the equipment's full lifecycle value.

[0005] A common type of stacked battery box can be found in a closed stacked battery box disclosed in patent application publication number CN117832680A. This battery box includes a box body with a cover on top. The top of the box body has a placement slot, and the bottom of the cover has a pressing slot. The placement slot contains a cooling mechanism for cooling the battery, and the pressing slot contains several buffering mechanisms for cushioning the battery. The bottom of the box body has a battery-removing mechanism for easy battery retrieval, and both sides of the box body have opening mechanisms for opening the cover. The cooling mechanism includes several cooling plates evenly fixed to the inner wall of the placement slot, with the battery placed between two adjacent cooling plates. The advantage of this battery box is that it solves the problems of existing technologies that rely solely on ventilation openings for battery heat dissipation, resulting in poor heat dissipation and the risk of battery damage or even explosion due to high temperatures generated during use. Furthermore, this battery box lacks battery cushioning, making it susceptible to impact damage from vibration.

[0006] The aforementioned battery box has been optimized in terms of battery placement and heat dissipation, but it still has some shortcomings: 1) The existing battery packs use independent interfaces between each layer, resulting in a large number of interfaces and messy wiring, which not only increases assembly time but also increases the failure rate of loose interfaces and poor contact. 2) The cooling plate only serves a heat dissipation function and does not provide any support or base. The cooling structure and the support structure are independent of each other, which requires additional support components for the box, increasing weight and wasting internal space. 3) The numerous components such as cylinders, lead screws, pistons, springs, and slide rails increase the complexity of the structure, as well as assembly time and subsequent maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a stacked energy storage battery box to solve the technical problems of existing battery boxes having multiple interfaces, single-function cooling plates, and high overall structural complexity.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the stacked energy storage battery box provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A stacked energy storage battery box includes a box body, which is formed by a bottom plate, side plates and a top cover, and further includes: Multiple horizontally arranged liquid cooling plates, each with an inlet and an outlet for adding coolant, are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction within the housing to divide the interior of the housing into multiple placement cavities for placing battery modules, and each liquid cooling plate is used to support the placement of the battery modules. The liquid cooling plate has a module section for placing battery modules and a non-module section for not placing battery modules. Except for the bottommost non-module section, the other non-module sections are provided with through holes that run vertically. The individual modules of the battery modules in the module section are connected by horizontal copper busbars, and the battery modules between adjacent placement cavities are connected by vertical copper busbars. The through holes are used to allow the vertical copper busbars to pass through. One battery module has a main positive connection copper busbar for total positive output, and the other battery module has a main negative connection copper busbar for total negative output, so that the entire battery box has only one positive output port and one negative output port.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the liquid cooling plate simultaneously serves the dual functions of cavity partitioning and structural support, enriching the functionality of the liquid cooling plate and eliminating independent support components, reducing the number of internal parts of the box. At the same time, it reduces the ineffective space occupation, improves the spatial energy density of the battery box, and can accommodate more battery modules in the same volume; the wiring holes in the non-module section provide internal wiring channels for the vertical copper busbars, realizing the internal connection of battery modules in adjacent placement cavities, avoiding the messy layout of interlayer connections relying on external wiring harnesses and connectors in traditional technologies; only one total positive output port and one total negative output port are retained, simplifying external wiring, shortening assembly time, and reducing the risk of faults such as loose interfaces, poor contact, and short circuits, thus improving the operational stability of the battery box; it solves the technical problems of multiple battery box interfaces, single function of cooling plates, and high overall structural complexity in existing technologies.

[0010] Furthermore, the non-module segments are located on the side edge of the liquid cooling plate, and each of the non-module segments is aligned in the vertical direction to facilitate the installation of each vertical copper busbar.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the non-module sections are aligned vertically, so that all vertical copper busbars are arranged on one side, reducing the difficulty of copper busbar installation and reducing assembly time.

[0012] Furthermore, the housing has a support assembly for supporting each liquid cooling plate, and each liquid cooling plate is movably arranged on the support assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the support assembly includes support beams and a buffer insulation layer. Multiple support beams are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the buffer insulation layer is arranged on the support beams. The buffer insulation layer serves as a buffer between the liquid cooling plate and the support beams for insulation.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: multiple support beams are distributed horizontally, which can evenly transfer the weight of the liquid cooling plate and the battery module above, avoid local stress concentration, effectively prevent the support structure or liquid cooling plate from deforming or breaking due to long-term heavy load, and enhance the load-bearing reliability of the overall structure of the enclosure; the buffer insulation layer can buffer the vibration and impact between the liquid cooling plate and the support beam, reduce mechanical wear of both, and extend the service life of the components; at the same time, its insulation function can reduce the heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate and the external environment, avoid temperature fluctuations in the liquid cooling system, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and is especially suitable for outdoor energy storage scenarios with low temperature and large temperature difference.

[0015] Furthermore, the support assembly also includes a supporting upper frame and a supporting lower frame. The supporting upper frame has an upward-turned edge on its side, and the supporting lower frame has a downward-turned edge on its side. The upward-turned edge of the supporting upper frame and the downward-turned edge of the supporting lower frame are nested and interlocked to wrap the liquid cooling plate and prevent dust and moisture from entering.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the nested interlocking structure of the upper and lower flanges of the box forms a physical protective barrier, completely wrapping the edge of the liquid cooling plate and the gaps between the layers, blocking dust and moisture from entering from the structural level. In addition, this interlocking structure also increases the interlayer bonding strength, avoids the loosening of the layers caused by long-term vibration, and further improves the impact resistance and deformation resistance of the battery box.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer sides of the interlocking upper and lower flanges of the housing are also covered with sealing gaskets to further improve the sealing effect.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: on the basis of the protection of the flange interlocking, the elastic compression of the sealing gasket achieves dual protection of structural sealing and material sealing, which can be adapted to complex outdoor environments such as water immersion and dust; at the same time, the sealing gasket can absorb minor vibrations, reduce wear at the flange interlocking, extend the service life of the structure, and reduce the frequency of maintenance.

[0019] Furthermore, multiple reinforcing ribs are connected between the upper and lower support frames of each support component to improve strength.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the reinforcing ribs connect and support the upper and lower frame, further improving the overall structural strength of the box, especially enhancing the load-bearing capacity of stress concentration areas such as corners, and preventing deformation during transportation or installation.

[0021] Furthermore, each of the non-module sections has two protruding edges extending from the housing, and the housing has notches for the protruding edges to extend out. The inlet and outlet nozzles are respectively arranged on the two protruding edges to allow coolant to be added outside the housing.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the external placement of the inlet and outlet nozzles allows the filling, replacement, and piping connection of coolant to be completed outside the enclosure, eliminating the need for internal coolant piping, simplifying the internal structure of the enclosure, reducing the complexity of piping processing, assembly, and sealing, and lowering the risk of internal piping leakage; at the same time, it can also avoid interference between the liquid cooling nozzles and internal battery modules or copper busbars, and facilitate operators to observe and maintain the coolant piping, improving the convenience of operation and maintenance.

[0023] Furthermore, the module segment is covered with a thermally conductive structural adhesive layer, and multiple PC limiting strips are arranged on the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer to divide the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer into multiple placement positions. Each placement position is provided with one of the module units, and the ends of the multiple PC limiting strips in the length direction are connected by baffles.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer fills the gap between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module, achieving efficient heat conduction (reducing thermal resistance and avoiding local overheating of the battery), and fixing the battery module to the liquid cooling plate through the adhesive force of the structural adhesive, avoiding the use of independent fasteners to fix the battery module, reducing the number of parts and improving connection stability; the PC limiting strip divides the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer into independent placement positions, accurately positioning each module unit, avoiding displacement and collision of module units during transportation or vibration, while the baffle further reinforces and limits the positioning, protecting the battery units from mechanical damage and extending battery life.

[0025] Furthermore, the total positive connection copper busbar is located on the bottommost battery module, and the total negative connection copper busbar is located on the topmost battery module.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the stacked energy storage battery box provided by this invention are: (1) The liquid cooling plate separates the cavity and provides structural support for the battery module. The through holes and vertical copper busbars enable interlayer internal connection and single-point positive and negative electrode output layout, which greatly reduces redundant parts and external interfaces, solves the problems of complex structure and messy interfaces in the existing technology, and achieves a synergistic improvement in high integration and operational stability. (2) The nesting and interlocking of the upper and lower flanges of the box in the support assembly and the wrapping of the liquid cooling plate form a protective barrier. Combined with the subsequent sealing gasket design, it can enhance the dustproof and waterproof performance, while strengthening the interlayer connection strength and improving the box's impact and deformation resistance.

[0027] (3) The inlet and outlet nozzles are arranged externally by the convex edge, so that the coolant can be added and replaced outside the box, simplifying the pipeline connection and maintenance process, avoiding the risk of internal pipeline leakage, and avoiding interference with the internal components, thus improving the ease of assembly.

[0028] (4) The thermally conductive adhesive layer, together with the PC limiting strip and the baffle, not only improves the thermal conductivity of the battery module and the liquid cooling plate and avoids local overheating, but also accurately positions the module unit, prevents displacement and collision caused by transportation or vibration, extends the battery life and improves structural stability. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the stacked energy storage battery box provided by the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is an internal schematic diagram of the stacked energy storage battery box provided by the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module supported by the uppermost liquid cooling plate in the figure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between the single-layer casing and the liquid cooling plate in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of each layer of liquid cooling plates in this invention (only one layer of liquid cooling plate is shown, showing the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer, PC limiting strip, and baffle). Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the upper and lower flanges of the box body in this invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Housing; 2. Base plate; 3. Side plate; 4. Top cover; 5. Liquid cooling plate; 51. Module section; 52. Non-module section; 6. Liquid inlet; 7. Liquid outlet; 8. Battery module; 81. Module unit; 9. Wiring hole; 10. Horizontal copper busbar; 11. Vertical copper busbar; 12. Main positive connection copper busbar; 13. Main negative connection copper busbar; 14. External communication interface; 15. Explosion-proof vent valve; 16. Support beam; 17. Support upper frame; 18. Support lower frame; 19. Housing upper flange; 20. Housing lower flange; 21. Sealing gasket; 22. Reinforcing rib; 23. Lifting point; 24. Raised edge; 25. Notch; 26. Thermally conductive structural adhesive layer; 27. PC limit strip; 28. Placement position; 29. ​​Stop bar. Detailed Implementation

[0031] An embodiment of the stacked energy storage battery box provided by the present invention: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the stacked energy storage battery box includes a box body 1, which is formed by a bottom plate 2, side plates 3 and an upper box cover 4. In addition, multiple horizontally arranged liquid cooling plates 5 are installed inside the box body 1.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, each liquid cooling plate 5 has an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 for adding coolant. Multiple liquid cooling plates 5 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction inside the housing 1 to divide the interior of the housing 1 into multiple placement cavities for placing battery modules 8. Each liquid cooling plate 5 is used to support the placement of battery modules 8.

[0033] The liquid cooling plate 5 has a module section 51 for placing battery modules 8 and a non-module section 52 for not placing battery modules 8. Except for the bottommost non-module section 52, the other non-module sections 52 are provided with through holes 9 that run vertically through the top and bottom. The individual module units 81 of the battery modules 8 in the module section 51 are connected by a horizontal copper busbar 10. The battery modules 8 between adjacent placement cavities are connected by a vertical copper busbar 11. The through holes 9 are used for the vertical copper busbar 11 to pass through. Meanwhile, the bottom battery module 8 has a total positive connection copper busbar 12 for total positive output, and the top battery module 8 has a total negative connection copper busbar 13 for total negative output, so that the entire battery box has only one positive output port and one negative output port.

[0034] The liquid cooling plate 5 serves a dual function of cavity partitioning and structural support, enriching its functionality and eliminating independent support components, thus reducing the number of internal parts in the housing 1. It also reduces ineffective space occupation, increasing the energy density of the battery box and allowing for more battery modules 8 to be accommodated within the same volume. The wiring holes 9 in the non-module section 52 provide internal wiring channels for the vertical copper busbar 11, enabling internal connections between adjacent battery modules 8 and avoiding the messy layout of traditional interlayer connections relying on external wiring harnesses and connectors. Only one total positive output port and one total negative output port are retained, simplifying external wiring, shortening assembly time, and reducing the risk of faults such as loose interfaces, poor contact, and short circuits, thereby improving the operational stability of the battery box.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, each of the non-module sections 52 has two protruding edges 24 extending from the housing 1. The housing 1 has notches 25 for the protruding edges 24 to extend out. The inlet nozzle 6 and outlet nozzle 7 are respectively arranged on the two protruding edges 24 to allow coolant to be added outside the housing 1. The external placement of the inlet nozzle 6 and outlet nozzle 7 allows coolant filling, replacement, and pipeline connection to be completed outside the housing 1, eliminating the need for internal coolant pipelines, simplifying the internal structure of the housing 1, reducing the complexity of pipeline processing, assembly, and sealing, and reducing the risk of internal pipeline leakage. At the same time, it also avoids interference between the liquid cooling nozzles and the internal battery modules 8 or copper busbars, and facilitates the observation and maintenance of coolant pipelines by operators, improving the convenience of operation and maintenance.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the enclosure 1 also has an external communication interface 14 and an explosion-proof vent valve 15. When the battery module 8 is charging or discharging, abnormally heating up, or experiencing a minor malfunction, it may generate a small amount of gas (such as electrolyte decomposition gas), causing the pressure inside the enclosure 1 to increase. If the pressure cannot be released in time, it may cause the enclosure 1 to deform, the seal to fail, and in extreme cases, even cause the enclosure 1 to rupture. The explosion-proof vent valve 15 will automatically open when the pressure reaches a preset threshold, quickly releasing the high-pressure gas inside, reducing the risk of pressure on the enclosure 1, avoiding the potential for explosion at the source, and protecting the safety of the battery module 8 and surrounding equipment.

[0037] In non-faulty conditions, the explosion-proof vent valve 15 can achieve a small amount of gas exchange (ventilation function) between the inside of the enclosure 1 and the outside, balancing the pressure difference between the inside and outside. For example, when the ambient temperature changes, the thermal expansion and contraction of the air inside the enclosure 1 will cause pressure fluctuations. The ventilation function can prevent such fluctuations from damaging the sealing structure, and at the same time prevent the formation of negative pressure inside the enclosure 1, which would cause external moisture to be drawn in, indirectly protecting the battery module 8 from moisture.

[0038] External communication interface 14 serves as a data exchange bridge between the battery box and the external control system. Its core function is to realize status monitoring and command transmission, ensuring the coordinated operation of the system. The interface will uniformly transmit the core operating data of the battery box (after integration by the internal BMS) to the external energy storage monitoring system, including: ① Battery status (voltage, temperature, remaining charge SOC, and state of health SOH of each module); ② Equipment status (operation status of the liquid cooling system, whether the sealing protection is intact, and whether there are faults such as over-temperature / over-voltage / leakage); ③ Operating parameters (charging and discharging power, cumulative charging and discharging amount, etc.), allowing maintenance personnel to monitor the battery box's operating status in real time.

[0039] It receives control commands from external control systems, such as starting / stopping charging and discharging, adjusting charging and discharging power, turning on / off liquid cooling, and resetting faults, eliminating the need for manual on-site operation. This meets the centralized management and control requirements of energy storage power stations and improves operational efficiency.

[0040] In this embodiment, only one external communication interface is needed to realize the communication management of the entire battery pack (all battery modules 8), which replaces the traditional design of setting a separate communication interface for each layer. This reduces the number of communication harnesses and interfaces, reduces the risk of signal interference and poor contact, simplifies external wiring, and improves the communication reliability of the entire energy storage system.

[0041] It should be noted that the external communication interface 14 and the explosion-proof vent valve 15 are conventional components, and their functions are also existing technologies, so they will not be described in detail.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the non-module section 52 is located at the side edge of the liquid cooling plate 5, and each of the non-module sections 52 is aligned vertically to facilitate the installation of each vertical copper busbar 11. The alignment of the non-module sections 52 vertically ensures that all vertical copper busbars 11 are arranged on one side, reducing the difficulty of copper busbar installation and reducing assembly time.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the module segment 51 is covered with a thermally conductive structural adhesive layer 26. Multiple PC limiting strips 27 are arranged on the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer 26 to divide it into multiple placement positions 28. Each placement position 28 is occupied by one of the module units 81. The ends of the multiple PC limiting strips 27 in the longitudinal direction are connected by baffles 29. The thermally conductive structural adhesive layer 26 fills the gap between the liquid cooling plate 5 and the battery module 8, achieving efficient heat conduction (reducing thermal resistance and preventing localized overheating of the battery). It also uses the adhesive force of the structural adhesive to fix the battery module 8 to the liquid cooling plate 5, avoiding the need for separate fasteners to fix the battery module 8, reducing the number of components and improving connection stability. The PC limiting strips 27 divide the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer 26 into independent placement positions 28, accurately positioning each module unit 81 and preventing displacement or collision of the module units 81 during transportation or vibration. Simultaneously, the baffles 29 further reinforce and limit the placement, protecting the battery units from mechanical damage and extending battery life.

[0044] In addition, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the housing 1 has a support assembly inside for supporting each liquid-cooled plate 5, and each liquid-cooled plate 5 is movably arranged on the support assembly. Specifically, the support assembly includes support beams 16 and a buffer insulation layer. Multiple support beams 16 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the buffer insulation layer is arranged on the support beams 16. The buffer insulation layer serves as a buffer between the liquid-cooled plate 5 and the support beams 16 for heat preservation. In other embodiments, the liquid-cooled plate 5 can also be fastened to the support beams 16 by an embedded structure to further improve the stability of the liquid-cooled plate 5.

[0045] Multiple support beams 16 are distributed horizontally to evenly distribute the weight of the liquid cooling plate 5 and the battery module 8 above it, avoiding local stress concentration and effectively preventing deformation or breakage of the support structure or liquid cooling plate 5 due to long-term heavy load, thus enhancing the overall load-bearing reliability of the housing 1. The buffer insulation layer can buffer the vibration and impact between the liquid cooling plate 5 and the support beams 16, reduce mechanical wear, and extend the service life of the components. At the same time, its insulation function can reduce heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate 5 and the external environment, avoid temperature fluctuations in the liquid cooling system, and improve heat dissipation efficiency, making it particularly suitable for outdoor energy storage scenarios with low temperature and large temperature differences.

[0046] There are many options for the cushioning and insulation surface layer, such as flame-retardant modified polyurethane (PU) foam and silicone rubber foam. There are no restrictions here, and staff can choose the material of the cushioning and insulation surface layer according to actual needs.

[0047] In addition, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the support assembly also includes an upper support frame 17 and a lower support frame 18. The upper support frame 17 has an upper flange 19 on its side, and the lower support frame 18 has a lower flange 20 on its side. The upper flange 19 of the lower upper support frame 17 and the lower flange 20 of the upper lower support frame 18 are nested and interlocked to wrap the liquid cooling plate 5 to prevent dust and moisture from entering.

[0048] For specific details on the fit between the upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 of the cabinet, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7 The shaded area in the diagram represents the lower support border 18, which is used to distinguish it from the upper support border 17. Generally speaking, the lower support border 18 is lower and the upper support border 17 is higher. However, this diagram shows the interaction between the lower upper support border 17 and the adjacent lower support border 18. Therefore, the lower support border 18 is higher and the upper support border 17 is lower. This is hereby explained.

[0049] The nested interlocking structure of the upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 of the enclosure forms a physical protective barrier, completely wrapping the edge of the liquid cooling plate 5 and the gaps between layers. This structurally prevents dust and moisture from entering. In addition, this interlocking structure increases the interlayer bonding strength, avoids loosening of the layers due to long-term vibration, and further improves the impact resistance and deformation resistance of the battery box.

[0050] In addition, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer sides of the interlocking upper flange 19 and lower flange 20 of the enclosure are further covered with sealing gaskets 21 to further improve the sealing effect. Based on the protection of the interlocking flanges, the elastic compression of the sealing gasket 21 achieves dual protection of structural and material sealing, making it suitable for complex outdoor environments such as water immersion and dust. Simultaneously, the sealing gasket 21 can absorb minor vibrations, reduce wear at the interlocking flanges, extend the structural service life, and reduce maintenance frequency. In this embodiment, the sealing gasket 21, together with the upper flange 19 and lower flange 20 of the enclosure, achieves IP67 protection. In other embodiments, the protection level can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, each support component is connected to its upper support frame 17 and lower support frame 18 by multiple reinforcing ribs 22 to improve strength. The reinforcing ribs 22 connect the upper support frame 17 and the lower support frame 18, further enhancing the overall structural strength of the box 1, especially strengthening the load-bearing capacity of stress concentration areas such as corners, and preventing deformation during transportation or installation.

[0052] Furthermore, four lifting points 23 are arranged between the upper support frame 17 and the lower support frame 18, distributed at the four corners. These lifting points provide a handling interface for the battery box, eliminating the need for additional lifting tools or binding structures, simplifying the handling and installation process, reducing labor costs, and preventing damage to the side panels 3 or interfaces of the box 1 during handling. In other embodiments, the lifting points 23 can also be located beside the reinforcing rib 22, i.e., at non-corner locations.

[0053] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the battery box has 3 intermediate layers in addition to the bottom and top layers. In other embodiments, the number of intermediate layers can be increased or decreased, for example, 2 or 4 layers are possible, and the components of each layer are interchangeable.

[0054] The working principle of the stacked energy storage battery box provided by the present invention is as follows: multiple liquid cooling plates 5 are arranged at intervals to form independent battery module 8 placement cavities. The gap between the battery module 8 and the liquid cooling plate 5 is filled in each placement cavity by a thermally conductive adhesive layer 26 (simultaneously achieving heat conduction and fixation), and the module unit 81 is accurately positioned by means of PC limiting strip 27. The support beams 16 arranged horizontally in the support assembly will provide stable support to the liquid cooling plate 5 through the buffer insulation surface layer on them (which buffers the vibration and impact during operation / transportation and reduces the heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate 5 and the outside). The upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 of the box between the layers will nest and interlock to cover the edge of the liquid cooling plate 5, and the sealing gasket 21 at the interlocking point will achieve IP67 protection. Meanwhile, the vertically aligned wire holes 9 of the non-module section 52 of the liquid cooling plate 5 will provide an internal wiring channel for the vertical copper busbar 11, enabling the battery modules 8 in adjacent placement cavities to complete inter-layer electrical connection. The positive and negative terminals of all modules are combined through the total positive connection copper busbar 12 (arranged at the bottom layer) and the total negative connection copper busbar 13 (arranged at the top layer), and then output electrical energy to the outside through a single total positive output port and a single total negative output port on the housing 1. The liquid cooling system's inlet 6 and outlet 7 are externally mounted via the protruding edge 24 of the non-module section 52. The coolant enters the flow channels of each layer of liquid cooling plates 5 through the inlet 6, circulates and carries away the heat generated by the battery module 8 during operation, and is then discharged through the outlet 7, achieving uniform heat dissipation. The explosion-proof vent valve 15 inside the housing 1 automatically opens to release pressure when the battery generates gas during operation, causing abnormal internal pressure, while maintaining a small amount of ventilation to balance the internal and external air pressure without compromising the sealing protection. The external communication interface 14 undertakes the data exchange function: uploading data such as voltage, temperature, SOC, SOH, and liquid cooling system status of the battery module 8 integrated in the internal BMS to the external energy storage monitoring system, and receiving remote control commands (such as adjusting charging and discharging power, starting and stopping liquid cooling, etc.). The entire system, with its modular placement cavity design, can flexibly increase or decrease the number of battery modules 8 and liquid cooling plates 5 to adapt to different energy storage capacity requirements. Through structural integration and functional reuse, it saves internal space of the battery box while ensuring safe and reliable operation, and facilitates the operation and maintenance of the battery box.

[0055] The entire battery box represents an improvement and upgrade of existing equipment, solving the technical problems of multiple battery box interfaces, single-function cooling plates, and high overall structural complexity in existing technologies.

[0056] Based on the above description in this specification, those skilled in the art will also understand that the following terms, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "width," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the present invention and simplifying the description. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms should not be understood or interpreted as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A stacked energy storage battery box, comprising a box body, the box body being formed by a bottom plate, side plates, and a top cover, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple horizontally arranged liquid cooling plates, each with an inlet and an outlet for adding coolant, are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction within the housing to divide the interior of the housing into multiple placement cavities for placing battery modules, and each liquid cooling plate is used to support the placement of the battery modules. The liquid cooling plate has a module section for placing battery modules and a non-module section for not placing battery modules. Except for the bottommost non-module section, the other non-module sections are provided with through holes that run vertically. The individual modules of the battery modules in the module section are connected by horizontal copper busbars, and the battery modules between adjacent placement cavities are connected by vertical copper busbars. The through holes are used to allow the vertical copper busbars to pass through. One battery module has a main positive connection copper busbar for total positive output, and the other battery module has a main negative connection copper busbar for total negative output, so that the entire battery box has only one positive output port and one negative output port.

2. The stacked energy storage battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-module sections are located on the side edge of the liquid cooling plate, and each non-module section is aligned vertically to facilitate the installation of each vertical copper busbar.

3. The stacked energy storage battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing contains a support assembly for supporting each liquid cooling plate, and each liquid cooling plate is movably arranged on the support assembly.

4. The stacked energy storage battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support assembly includes support beams and a buffer insulation layer. Multiple support beams are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the buffer insulation layer is arranged on the support beams. The buffer insulation layer serves as a buffer between the liquid cooling plate and the support beams for heat preservation.

5. The stacked energy storage battery box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly also includes a supporting upper frame and a supporting lower frame. The supporting upper frame has an upward-turned edge on its side, and the supporting lower frame has a downward-turned edge on its side. The upward-turned edge of the supporting upper frame and the downward-turned edge of the supporting lower frame are nested and interlocked to wrap the liquid cooling plate and prevent dust and moisture from entering.

6. The stacked energy storage battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer sides of the interlocking upper and lower flanges of the housing are also covered with sealing gaskets to further improve the sealing effect.

7. The stacked energy storage battery box according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Each support component is further reinforced with multiple reinforcing ribs connecting its upper and lower support edges to enhance strength.

8. The stacked energy storage battery box according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: Each of the non-module sections has two protruding edges extending from the housing, and the housing has notches for the protruding edges to extend out. The inlet and outlet nozzles are respectively arranged on the two protruding edges to allow coolant to be added outside the housing.

9. The stacked energy storage battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The module segment is covered with a thermally conductive structural adhesive layer, and multiple PC limiting strips are arranged on the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer to divide the thermally conductive structural adhesive layer into multiple placement positions. Each placement position is equipped with one of the module units, and the ends of the multiple PC limiting strips in the length direction are connected by baffles.

10. The stacked energy storage battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main positive connection copper busbar is located on the bottommost battery module, and the main negative connection copper busbar is located on the topmost battery module.

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