Battery system, control method, power utilization device and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a battery system, a control method, a power utilization device and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery system includes: a first battery for outputting electric energy; the second battery is used for outputting electric energy; the switching circuit is connected with the first battery and the second battery and used for switching the connection relation between the first battery and the second battery; the battery management system is used for sending a first signal to the power utilization device when the power utilization device is in the working state, the battery system is arranged in the power utilization device, and the first signal is used for indicating the state of the first battery and / or the second battery; within the first time period, the following steps are executed: controlling the switching circuit to disconnect the first battery and the second battery; and controlling the switching circuit to enable the first battery or the second battery to output electric energy to the electric device, wherein the first time period is less than or equal to 200 milliseconds. The battery system can improve the use experience of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery system and control method, an electrical device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable social development. Rechargeable batteries, with their ability to store and release energy as needed, are widely used in various electrical devices and energy storage systems, and are an important component in promoting energy transition and sustainable development. For the new energy industry, battery technology is a crucial factor in its development.

[0003] Currently, when batteries in vehicles and other electrical devices malfunction, it may be necessary to switch the power supply battery. The switching process usually requires stopping the vehicle and applying high voltage before the battery can be properly handled. After handling, the battery needs to be pre-charged and recharged, which is a rather cumbersome process and affects the user's experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least address the technical problem of cumbersome handling procedures when batteries malfunction, as present in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide a battery system that improves the user experience.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery system, including: a first battery for outputting electrical energy; a second battery for outputting electrical energy; a switching circuit connected to the first and second batteries for switching the connection relationship between the first and second batteries; and a battery management system configured to: send a first signal to the power-consuming device when the device is in operation, wherein the battery system is disposed in the power-consuming device, and the first signal is used to indicate the state of the first and / or second batteries; and perform the following steps within a first time period: controlling the switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the first and second batteries; and controlling the switching circuit to cause the first or second battery to output electrical energy to the power-consuming device, wherein the first time period is less than or equal to 200 milliseconds.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, multiple batteries are set in the battery system. When it is necessary to switch the power supply battery, the battery management system can send a signal to the power-consuming device in a timely manner. By quickly switching the connection relationship between the batteries, the battery supplying power to the power-consuming device can be quickly switched. Since the high voltage reduction and high voltage increase process is reduced, the operating efficiency can be greatly improved, and the impact of battery abnormalities on user use can be reduced. Completing the switching of the power supply battery in a short time can minimize the impact of the switching process on the working status of the power-consuming device and reduce the user's perception of the switching process.

[0007] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes: a first switch for connecting a first battery and a load device in an electrical device; a second switch for connecting the first battery and a second battery in series; and a third switch for connecting the second battery and the load device. By providing multiple switches, flexible switching of battery connection relationships can be achieved, improving the redundancy and reliability of the battery system.

[0008] In some embodiments, controlling the switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the first battery and the second battery includes controlling a second switch to open. By opening the second switch, the first battery and the second battery are no longer connected in series, allowing them to supply power to the load device independently of each other.

[0009] In some embodiments, controlling the second switch to disconnect includes: controlling the second switch to disconnect in response to the current flowing through the first battery and / or the second battery being within a current threshold range. Disconnecting the second switch when the current is within a preset current threshold range allows the second switch to be successfully disconnected, reducing the risk of damage to the second switch due to live switching.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery management system is further configured to: after controlling the second switch to open, determine within a second time period whether the second switch is in a stuck state. During the switching process of the power supply battery, after disconnecting the series connection between the two batteries, it is first confirmed whether the second switch is stuck. If it is not stuck, the power supply to the electrical device is further switched to the first battery or the second battery. This can reduce the risk of battery short circuit due to the second switch sticking and improve the safety of the switching process.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second time period is less than or equal to 100 milliseconds. Completing the sticking fault detection of the second switch in a shorter time can minimize the time required for the switching process and effectively reduce the impact on the operating status of the electrical equipment.

[0012] In some embodiments, controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power device includes: in response to the second switch being in a non-adhesive state and the power device being in a first state, controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power device. Switching to the first battery or the second battery to supply power to the power device when the second switch is not adhesive and the power device is in a suitable state can reduce the risk of switch damage during the switching process and enable the switching process to proceed normally.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first state indicates that the difference between the detection voltage between the first and second detection nodes in the power consumption device and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system is less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold. The first detection node is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, and the second detection node is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the second battery. Power supply to the power consumption device is switched to either the first or second battery only when the voltage difference between the power consumption device and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system is less than the predetermined voltage difference threshold. This improves the safety of the switching process and reduces the risk of switching failures.

[0014] In some embodiments, controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power device includes: controlling a third switch to conduct in response to the first battery being in a second state, so that the second battery outputs electrical energy to the load device; and controlling a first switch to conduct in response to the second battery being in the second state, so that the first battery outputs electrical energy to the load device. By using batteries in normal condition to supply power according to the state of each battery, and disconnecting the abnormal battery from the power device, power can still be supplied to the power device even when the battery is abnormal, minimizing the impact of battery abnormalities on the power device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first switch and / or the third switch are solid-state relays. Solid-state relays have strong load-carrying switching capabilities and can effectively reduce the risk of damage during switching.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first time period is less than or equal to 100 milliseconds. Completing the switching of the power supply battery in a short time can minimize the impact of the switching process on the operating status of the electrical device and reduce the user's perception of the switching process.

[0017] In some embodiments, the battery system further includes a switching element connected to the first battery and the second battery. Using a highly integrated switching element can effectively simplify the switching circuit, reduce the footprint, and lower design costs while achieving the battery system switching function.

[0018] In some embodiments, the switching element includes: a first contact connected to the negative terminal of the second battery; a second contact; a third contact connected to the positive terminal of the first battery; and a fourth contact, wherein when the second and fourth contacts are closed, the first and second batteries are connected in series; when the first contact is closed, the second battery and the load device in the electrical device are connected; and when the third contact is closed, the first battery and the load device are connected. Using a switching element with four contacts allows for flexible switching of the connection relationship between the two batteries, improving the integration of the switching circuit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the battery system further includes a protector connected in series with the switching element, the protector being used to protect the first battery and / or the second battery. By providing the protector, the safety during the switching process can be effectively improved.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery management system is further configured to: control the protector to disconnect in response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in a second state, before the control switching circuit disconnects the connection between the first battery and the second battery. Disconnecting the protector before disconnecting the two batteries can reduce the impact of the switching process on the switching elements and reduce the risk of switch damage.

[0021] In some embodiments, sending a first signal to the power device when it is in operation includes: sending a first signal to the power device in response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in a second state when the power device is in operation. During the operation of the power device, when there is an abnormality in the battery in the battery system, the battery management system can promptly report the abnormal battery state to the power device, thereby switching the power supply battery, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0022] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an electrical device, including: a battery system as described in the above embodiments; a load device connected to the battery system; and a controller for: shutting down the load device in response to receiving a first signal sent by the battery management system. When switching power supplies is required, promptly shutting down the load device in the electrical device can reduce the burden on the battery system during the switching process, allowing the switching process to proceed normally.

[0023] In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to: in response to receiving a first signal sent by the battery management system, adjust the detection voltage between the first detection node and the second detection node in the power consumption device to meet a predetermined voltage condition within a third time period, wherein the first detection node is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, and the second detection node is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the second battery. When the battery needs to be switched, timely adjustment of the voltage on the power consumption device side, reducing the difference between it and the output voltage of the battery system, can improve the safety of the switching process and reduce the risk of switching failures.

[0024] In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to: start the load device in response to the first battery or the second battery outputting electrical energy to the power-consuming device. Timely startup of the load device after the battery system has completed the switchover can reduce the impact of the switchover process on user operation and improve the user experience.

[0025] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides a control method for a battery system, used in the battery system of the above embodiments, comprising: sending a first signal to the power-consuming device when the power-consuming device is in a working state, wherein the battery system is disposed in the power-consuming device, and the first signal is used to indicate the state of a first battery and / or a second battery; and performing the following steps within a first time period: controlling a switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the first battery and the second battery; and controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power-consuming device, wherein the first time period is less than or equal to 200 milliseconds. When a switching of the power supply battery is required, the battery management system can send a signal to the power-consuming device in a timely manner, and by quickly switching the connection relationship between the batteries, it can quickly switch the battery supplying power to the power-consuming device. Since the high-voltage down-and-up high-voltage process is reduced, the operating efficiency can be greatly improved, and the impact of battery abnormalities on user use can be reduced. Completing the switching of the power supply battery in a short time can minimize the impact of the switching process on the working state of the power-consuming device and reduce the user's perception of the switching process.

[0026] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch. The first switch is used to connect the first battery and the load device in the electrical device. The second switch is used to connect the first battery and the second battery in series. The third switch is used to connect the second battery and the load device. Controlling the switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the first battery and the second battery includes controlling the second switch to open. By opening the second switch, the first battery and the second battery are no longer connected in series, and can supply power to the load device independently of each other.

[0027] In some embodiments, controlling the second switch to disconnect includes: controlling the second switch to disconnect in response to the current flowing through the first battery and / or the second battery being within a current threshold range. Disconnecting the second switch when the current is within a preset current threshold range allows the second switch to be successfully disconnected, reducing the risk of damage to the second switch due to live switching.

[0028] In some embodiments, the control method further includes: after controlling the second switch to open, determining whether the second switch is in a stuck state within a second time period. During the switching process of the power supply battery, after disconnecting the series connection between the two batteries, it is first confirmed whether the second switch is stuck. If it is not stuck, the power supply to the electrical device is further switched to the first battery or the second battery. This can reduce the risk of battery short circuit due to the second switch sticking and improve the safety of the switching process.

[0029] In some embodiments, controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power device includes: in response to the second switch being in a non-adhesive state and the power device being in a first state, controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power device. Switching to the first battery or the second battery to supply power to the power device when the second switch is not adhesive and the power device is in a suitable state can reduce the risk of switch damage during the switching process and enable the switching process to proceed normally.

[0030] In some embodiments, controlling the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the power device includes: controlling a third switch to conduct in response to the first battery being in a second state, so that the second battery outputs electrical energy to the load device; and controlling a first switch to conduct in response to the second battery being in the second state, so that the first battery outputs electrical energy to the load device. By using batteries in normal condition to supply power according to the state of each battery, and disconnecting the abnormal battery from the power device, power can still be supplied to the power device even when the battery is abnormal, minimizing the impact of battery abnormalities on the power device.

[0031] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes a switching element connected to a first battery and a second battery. The battery system also includes a protector connected in series with the switching element for protecting the first battery and / or the second battery. The control method further includes: before the switching circuit disconnects the connection between the first battery and the second battery, controlling the protector to disconnect in response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in a second state. Disconnecting the protector before disconnecting the two batteries can reduce the impact of the switching process on the switching element and reduce the risk of switch damage.

[0032] In some embodiments, sending a first signal to the power device when it is in operation includes: sending a first signal to the power device in response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in a second state when the power device is in operation. During the operation of the power device, when there is an abnormality in the battery in the battery system, the battery management system can promptly report the abnormal battery state to the power device, thereby switching the power supply battery, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0033] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of this application provides a control method for an electrical device, used in the electrical device described in the above embodiments, comprising: shutting down a load device in response to receiving a first signal sent by a battery management system. When a battery switching operation is required, promptly shutting down the load device in the electrical device can reduce the burden on the battery system during the switching process, enabling the switching process to proceed normally.

[0034] In some embodiments, the control method further includes: in response to receiving a first signal sent by the battery management system, adjusting the detection voltage between the first detection node and the second detection node in the power consumption device to meet a predetermined voltage condition within a third time period, wherein the first detection node is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, and the second detection node is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the second battery. When the battery needs to be switched, timely adjustment of the voltage on the power consumption device side, reducing the difference between it and the output voltage of the battery system, can improve the safety of the switching process and reduce the risk of switching failure.

[0035] In some embodiments, the control method further includes: activating the load device in response to the first battery or the second battery outputting electrical energy to the power-consuming device. Activating the load device promptly after the battery system has completed the switchover can reduce the impact of the switchover process on user operation and improve the user experience.

[0036] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0037] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of switching elements in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of an electrical device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 9This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the control method of a battery system according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for an electrical device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1000 electrical appliances; Battery system 100, vehicle controller 200, motor 300, switching circuit 110; First battery U1, second battery U2, first switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3, first fuse F1, second fuse F2, switching element T1, first contact 10, second contact 20, third contact 30, fourth contact 40, first coil 50, second coil 60, protector P1, load device Q1, main positive relay K4, main negative relay K5, first detection node A, second detection node B, third detection node C, fourth detection node D, first node 1, second node 2, third node 3, fourth node 4. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0043] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] Currently, the application of rechargeable batteries is becoming increasingly widespread, judging from market trends. They are not only used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in various electronic devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As the application areas of rechargeable batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0049] In cases of battery failure, switching the power supply battery may be necessary, often requiring a high-voltage switch before the switch and subsequent processing can proceed. Taking a vehicle as an example, if a vehicle needs to switch to a specific battery for power—for instance, if the original battery is malfunctioning—and a different battery is required, the vehicle must be pulled over while in motion to allow for a high-voltage switch before the battery can be replaced. Currently, vehicle battery systems may consist of multiple independent batteries connected in parallel, each capable of supplying power. However, even with such a system, switching the power supply battery typically requires stopping the vehicle, applying high voltage, stopping the original battery, and switching to a different one. After the switch, a pre-charge and high-voltage recharge process is required before the vehicle can continue driving. This entire switching process is cumbersome, interrupting the vehicle's power supply and requiring a complete stop, significantly impacting the user experience.

[0050] To improve the user experience and minimize the impact on vehicles and other electrical devices during battery switching, multiple batteries and corresponding switching circuits can be incorporated into the battery system. These switching circuits can be controlled to alter the connections between the batteries. When a battery switch is required, the battery management system promptly reports the battery status to the electrical device. Through coordination with the device, the switching circuits are quickly switched to allow for a change in the power supply battery, discontinuing the use of the original battery and switching to another.

[0051] Using such a battery system enables rapid battery switching, allowing the device to switch to another battery for power without requiring the device to apply high voltage. This greatly improves operational efficiency, significantly reduces the user's perception of the switching process, and minimizes the impact on the user when using the device.

[0052] The battery system disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices or energy storage devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system incorporating the battery system disclosed in this application can be used to construct such an electrical device or energy storage device. This helps to reduce the impact of battery switching on the normal operation of the electrical device and improves the user experience.

[0053] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0054] This application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery as a power source. The energy storage device can be, but is not limited to, an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage power station, an energy storage battery pack, or a portable energy storage system.

[0055] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device 1000 according to an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery system 100 is installed inside the vehicle, and the battery system 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery system 100 can be used for low-voltage power supply to the vehicle; for example, the battery system 100 can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a vehicle controller 200 and a motor 300. The vehicle controller 200 is used to control the battery system 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, the battery system 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0058] This application provides a battery system. (See reference...) Figure 2 The battery system 100 includes a first battery U1, a second battery U2, a switching circuit 110, and a battery management system (not shown).

[0059] The first battery, U1, is used to output electrical energy.

[0060] The second battery, U2, is used to output electrical energy.

[0061] The switching circuit 110 is connected to the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 and is used to switch the connection relationship between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2.

[0062] Battery management systems are used for: When the electrical device 1000 is in operation, a first signal is sent to the electrical device 1000; Perform the following steps during the first time period: The control switch circuit 110 disconnects the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. The control switch circuit 110 enables the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to output electrical energy to the power-consuming device 1000.

[0063] The battery system 100 is installed in the electrical device 1000. A first signal is used to indicate the status of the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2.

[0064] In embodiments of this application, the term "battery" may encompass a single battery cell, or a series, parallel, or hybrid configuration of multiple battery cells (e.g., a battery pack or battery module).

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery system 100 includes two batteries. In some embodiments, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be physically isolated from each other or functionally independent, for example, they can be located in different battery compartments or energy chambers. Different battery compartments or energy chambers can be defined by the functional division of the batteries in the electrical system, or by the structural design of the battery casing and / or internal components.

[0066] The switching circuit 110 is connected to both the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. By switching the switching circuit 110, the connection relationship between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be changed. For example, it can control the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 to be connected in series, in parallel, or either one of them to supply power to the electrical device 1000 individually. The specific design of the switching circuit 110 will be described in detail below.

[0067] A Battery Management System (BMS) is used for intelligent management of batteries. When the electrical device 1000 is in operation, meaning the battery system 100 is supplying power to the device 1000, the BMS will promptly report the battery status to the device 1000 when the battery system 100 needs to switch power sources, i.e., send a first signal to the device 1000. For example, if the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are originally connected in series and jointly supply power to the device 1000, the BMS will send a first signal to the device 1000 when it needs to switch to using only one battery for power. In some embodiments, the BMS can send the first signal to the corresponding controller in the device 1000 via a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, such as the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) or Microcontroller Unit (MCU) in a vehicle. Taking a vehicle as an example, after receiving the first signal, the electrical device 1000 will take corresponding measures to prioritize the battery switching task and quickly complete the switching of each switch. The measures taken by the electrical device 1000 after receiving the first signal will be described in detail below.

[0068] Since the electrical device is in operation, the battery switching needs to be completed within a short period of time, namely the first time period, to reduce the impact on the electrical device. The battery management system will control the switching circuit 110 to disconnect the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 during this period, and use either the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to supply power to the electrical device 1000.

[0069] By setting up multiple batteries in the battery system, when a switch of power supply batteries is required, the battery management system can promptly send a signal to the power-consuming device. By quickly switching the connection relationship between the batteries, the battery supplying power to the power-consuming device can be switched rapidly. Since the processes of applying high voltage, pre-charging, and applying high voltage are reduced, the operating efficiency can be greatly improved and the impact of battery abnormalities on user use can be reduced.

[0070] According to some embodiments of this application, the first time period is less than or equal to 200 milliseconds (ms).

[0071] As mentioned above, the electrical device is in operation during battery switching, so the switching time needs to be as short as possible. The first time period can be set to less than or equal to 200ms. During this period, the battery system 100 and the electrical device 1000 cooperate to complete the switching of the power supply battery. Taking a vehicle as an example, during the battery switching process, i.e., the first time period, the vehicle does not need to undergo high-voltage switching operations to complete the switching of the power supply battery. Because the entire process is very short, the user can experience the switching process almost imperceptibly.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first time period can be set to less than or equal to 100ms.

[0073] Switching the power supply battery in a short time can minimize the impact of the switching process on the operating status of electrical devices and reduce the user's awareness of the switching process.

[0074] According to some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 The switching circuit 110 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3.

[0075] The first switch K1 is used to connect the first battery U1 and the load device in the electrical device 1000.

[0076] The second switch K2 is used to connect the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 in series.

[0077] The third switch K3 is used to connect the second battery U2 and the load device.

[0078] like Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the switching circuit 110 may include three switches. The first switch K1 can be connected between the first battery U1 and the load device, the second switch K2 can be connected between the two batteries, and the third switch K3 can be connected between the second battery U2 and the load device. Figure 3In the example shown, the first detection node A and the second detection node B are the nodes connected to the load device Q1 in the electrical device 1000. A first switch K1 is connected between the first battery U1 and the first detection node A; more specifically, it is positioned between the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the positive terminal of the second battery U2. When the first switch K1 is closed, the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the first detection node A, i.e., the load device, are connected; when the first switch K1 is open, the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the load device are not connected. A second switch K2 is positioned between the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2. When the second switch K2 is closed, the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2 are connected; when the second switch K2 is open, the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2 are not connected. A third switch K3 is connected between the second battery U2 and the second detection node B; more specifically, it is positioned between the negative terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2. When the third switch K3 is closed, the negative terminal of the second battery U2 and the second detection node B, i.e., the load device, are connected; when the third switch K3 is open, the negative terminal of the second battery U2 and the load device are not connected.

[0079] When the second switch K2 is closed and both the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are open, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series and supply power to the load device in the electrical device 1000. The voltage output by the battery system 100 is the sum of the output voltages of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. When the first switch K1 is closed and both the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are open, only the first battery U1 in the battery system 100 supplies power to the load device in the electrical device 100, and the voltage output by the battery system 100 is the output voltage of the first battery U1. When the third switch K3 is closed and both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open, only the second battery U2 in the battery system 100 supplies power to the load device in the electrical device 100, and the voltage output by the battery system 100 is the output voltage of the second battery U2. In some embodiments, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 have the same output voltage. In this embodiment, the second switch K2 can be opened and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 can be closed. At this time, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in parallel and supply power to the power device 1000 together. The voltage output by the battery system 100 is the output voltage of the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2.

[0080] In some embodiments, the initial state of the battery system 100 is that the first battery U1 and the second battery U2, connected in series, jointly supply power to the electrical device 1000 to achieve a higher output voltage. This initial state is that the second switch K2 is closed, and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 are both open.

[0081] In one example, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 can use switching elements such as relays and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOS). It should be understood that although in Figure 3 The switch K1, K2, and K3 are illustrated as individual switching elements that are independent of each other. However, in other embodiments, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 may also be a switch module that includes multiple switching elements or includes switching elements and other components. Alternatively, multiple switches may be integrated into the same component. This application does not limit this.

[0082] By setting multiple switches, the battery connection relationship can be flexibly switched, improving the redundancy and reliability of the battery system.

[0083] According to some embodiments of this application, controlling the switch circuit 110 to disconnect the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 includes: controlling the second switch K2 to disconnect.

[0084] As mentioned above, when the second switch K2 is turned on, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series. Therefore, the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be broken by turning off the second switch K2.

[0085] It should be understood that controlling the second switch K2 to open can be done by switching the second switch K2 from the on state to the off state. For example, when the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series, the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be broken by switching the second switch K2 to the off state. Alternatively, the second switch K2 can be kept in the off state. For example, when the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in parallel, or when the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 supplies power to the electrical device alone, the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be broken by keeping the second switch K2 in the off state.

[0086] By disconnecting the second switch, the first and second batteries are no longer connected in series and can supply power to the load device independently.

[0087] According to some embodiments of this application, controlling the second switch K2 to open includes: controlling the second switch K2 to open in response to the current flowing through the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 being within a current threshold range.

[0088] In the embodiments of this application, the current flowing through the first battery U1 can indicate the current in the power supply circuit where the first battery U1 is located, or it can be understood as the output current of the first battery U1 when supplying power to the electrical device 1000. Correspondingly, the current flowing through the second battery U2 can indicate the current in the power supply circuit where the second battery U2 is located, or it can be understood as the output current of the second battery U2 when supplying power to the electrical device 1000. When the second switch K2 is turned on, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series, and the current flowing through the first battery U1 is equal to the current flowing through the second battery U2.

[0089] As mentioned above, during switch switching, the battery system 100 may still be supplying power, i.e., operating under load, with current and voltage still flowing through the power supply circuit. Since the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series, the current flowing through the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 is equal to the current flowing through the second switch K2. Taking the second switch K2 as a relay as an example, relays typically have a current threshold range that allows for live switching. If the current flowing through the relay exceeds this threshold range, the relay may fail to switch normally. The current threshold range can be determined based on the live switching capability of the second switch K2.

[0090] After receiving the first signal from the battery management system, the power supply device 1000 will take corresponding measures, such as shutting down the downstream load device Q1 to reduce the circuit current. By taking these measures, the current in the power supply circuit will drop rapidly. When the battery management system detects that the bus current, i.e., the current flowing through the second switch K2, is within the current threshold range that allows the second switch K2 to perform on-line switching, it will control the second switch K2 to open.

[0091] Disconnecting the second switch when the current is within a preset current threshold range ensures that the second switch can be successfully disconnected, reducing the risk of damage to the second switch due to live switching.

[0092] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery management system is further configured to: determine whether the second switch K2 is in a sticky state during a second time period after the second switch K2 is turned off.

[0093] like Figure 3 As shown, if the second switch K2 fails to open and remains stuck, closing the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 may cause a short circuit in the battery, damaging the battery system 100. Therefore, before closing the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3, it is necessary to confirm whether the second switch K2 has been properly opened and has not become stuck.

[0094] In some embodiments, whether the second switch K2 is in a stuck state can be determined by comparing the output voltage of the battery system 100 with the sum of the output voltages of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. For example, the voltage difference between the output voltage of the battery system 100 and the sum of the output voltages of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be used to determine whether the second switch K2 is in a stuck state. In one example, if the difference between the output voltage of the battery system 100 and the sum of the output voltages of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 (or the absolute value of the difference) is greater than 5% of the sum of the output voltages of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 and lasts for a period of time (e.g., 50 ms), then the second switch K2 is considered not to be in a stuck state and has been successfully disconnected. Taking the output voltage of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 as 400 volts (V) as an example, the sum of the output voltage of the first battery U1 and the output voltage of the second battery U2 is 800V. When the voltage difference between the output voltage of the battery system 100 and 800V is detected to be greater than 5%×800V=40V and lasts for 50ms, it is considered that the second switch K2 is not in a sticky state and has been successfully disconnected.

[0095] During the switching of power supply batteries, after disconnecting the series connection between the two batteries, first check whether the second switch is stuck. If it is not stuck, then switch to the first or second battery to supply power to the electrical device. This can reduce the risk of battery short circuit due to the second switch sticking and improve the safety of the switching process.

[0096] According to some embodiments of this application, the second time period is less than or equal to 100 milliseconds.

[0097] Since the electrical device 1000 is in operation, the detection process for the second switch K2 also needs to be completed very quickly, that is, the detection of the second switch K2 needs to be completed within a relatively short second time period.

[0098] In some embodiments, the second time period can be set to less than or equal to 50ms.

[0099] Completing the detection of adhesion faults in the second switch in a short time can minimize the time required for the switching process and effectively reduce the impact on the working status of electrical equipment.

[0100] According to some embodiments of this application, the control switch circuit 110 causes the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to output electrical energy to the power user 1000, including: in response to the second switch K2 not being in a sticky state and the power user 1000 being in a first state, the control switch circuit 110 causes the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to output electrical energy to the power user 1000.

[0101] As mentioned above, during switch switching, the battery system 100 may still be under load, and the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 also have certain limitations on switching under load. For example, switching can only be performed normally when the current flowing through the switch or the voltage across the switch is within a certain range. Therefore, the cooperation of the power-consuming device 1000 is also required to successfully close the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3. Only when the second switch K2 has been opened and the power-consuming device 1000 is in a suitable state, i.e., the first state, is the switch circuit 110 controlled to output electrical energy from the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to the power-consuming device 1000, for example, by closing the first switch K1 or the third switch K3.

[0102] The specific settings for the first state will be detailed below.

[0103] When the second switch is not stuck and the electrical device is in a suitable state, switching to the first or second battery to supply power to the electrical device can reduce the risk of switch damage during the switching process and ensure that the switching process can proceed normally.

[0104] According to some embodiments of this application, the difference between the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B in the first state indication power supply device 1000 and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 is less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold.

[0105] The first detection node A is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the positive terminal of the second battery U2. The second detection node B is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2.

[0106] like Figure 8 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the output voltage of the battery system 100 can, for example, indicate the voltage between the third detection node C connected to the main positive relay K4 and the fourth detection node D connected to the main negative relay K5, which can also be referred to as the Pack voltage. The first detection node A can, for example, indicate the node connected to the main positive relay K4 in the power consumption device 1000, and the second detection node B can, for example, indicate the node connected to the main negative relay K5 in the power consumption device 1000.

[0107] In one example, the initial state of battery system 100 is that the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series, and the output voltage of battery system 100 is the sum of the output voltages of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. However, if a switch is made, the two batteries are no longer in series; for example, only one of the normal batteries is used to supply power to the electrical device 1000, and the output voltage of battery system 100 will drop significantly. In the embodiments of this application, the predetermined output voltage of battery system 100 can also be understood as the voltage output by battery system 100 after the switching circuit 110 is switched.

[0108] In the initial state, the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B is equal to the output voltage when the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series. At the instant the second switch K2 is opened, the voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B is still equal to the sum of the output voltages of the two batteries. As mentioned above, after receiving the first signal from the battery management system, the power device 1000 will take corresponding measures, such as shutting down the downstream load device Q1 to reduce the loop current. As the loop current decreases, the voltage on the power device 1000 side, i.e., the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B, will also decrease. When the difference between the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 is less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold, the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 can be closed. In some embodiments, the predetermined voltage difference threshold can be determined based on the energized switching capability of the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3.

[0109] Continuing with the example where the output voltage of both the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 is 400V, in the initial state, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series, and the output voltage of the battery system 100 is 800V. At this time, the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B is also 800V. If one of the batteries is abnormal, a switch needs to be made to switch to another normal battery for power supply. After the switch, the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 will be 400V. The power device 1000 will take measures to reduce the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B. When it is determined that the second switch K2 has been opened, and the voltage difference between the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B and the predetermined output voltage 400V is less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold, for example, the voltage difference between the two (e.g., the absolute value of the voltage difference) is less than the predetermined voltage difference threshold of 20V, that is, when the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B is in the range of 380V to 420V, the first switch K1 or the third switch K3 can be closed.

[0110] Only when the difference between the voltage on the device side and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system is less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold, will the power supply to the device be switched to the first or second battery. This can improve the safety of the switching process and reduce the risk of switching failures.

[0111] According to some embodiments of this application, the control switch circuit 110 causes the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to output electrical energy to the power-consuming device 1000, including: In response to the first battery U1 being in the second state, control the third switch K3 to be turned on so that the second battery U2 outputs electrical energy to the load device; In response to the second battery U2 being in the second state, the first switch K1 is turned on so that the first battery U1 outputs electrical energy to the load device.

[0112] In the embodiments of this application, the "second state" can indicate a state where the battery is faulty and unable to provide power normally, such as abnormal output voltage or abnormal output current. When the battery is in this second state, it means that it needs to be isolated, disconnected from the rest of the electrical device, and no longer used for power supply.

[0113] like Figure 3 As shown, when the first battery U1 is abnormal, i.e., in the second state, it needs to be disconnected from other parts of the power-consuming device 1000, i.e., the first switch K1 is turned off and the third switch K3 is closed, and the second battery U2 is used for power supply; when the second battery U2 is abnormal, i.e., in the second state, it needs to be disconnected from other parts of the power-consuming device 1000, i.e., the third switch K3 is turned off and the first switch K1 is closed, and the first battery U1 is used for power supply.

[0114] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, in the branch where the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are located, corresponding fuses and other protective components can be connected in series to provide overcurrent protection. Figure 4 In the example shown, the first battery U1 is connected in series with the first fuse F1, and the second battery U2 is connected in series with the second fuse F2.

[0115] Based on the status of each battery, use the batteries in good condition to supply power, and disconnect the abnormal batteries from the electrical device. This allows the electrical device to still be powered even when the battery is abnormal, minimizing the impact of battery abnormality on the electrical device.

[0116] According to some embodiments of this application, the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 are solid-state relays.

[0117] Compared to conventional relays, solid-state relays have better load switching capabilities.

[0118] When conventional relays are used for the first switch K1 and the third switch K3, the battery management system determines that the second switch K2 is open and the electrical device 1000 is in the first state. It will then control the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 to turn on, and the entire switching process can be controlled within a short time. Because both sides of the switches remain energized during the switching process, the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 may experience a sticking abnormality during the energized switching process. Even with this sticking fault, the battery can still supply power to the electrical device 1000. In this case, the sticking relay can be replaced after the vehicle is taken to a service station or repair shop.

[0119] When solid-state relays are used for the first switch K1 and the third switch K3, the battery management system determines that the second switch K2 is open and the power device 1000 is in the first state, and will control the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 to turn on. The battery management system can, for example, use pulse-width modulation (PWM) pulses to control the first switch K1 and / or the third switch K3 to turn on, and the entire switching process can be controlled within a short time. Because solid-state relays have good load-bearing switching capabilities, the risk of sticking during live switching is greatly reduced, which can reduce subsequent maintenance and replacement operations.

[0120] Solid-state relays have strong load switching capabilities, which can effectively reduce the risk of damage during switching.

[0121] According to some embodiments of this application, the first time period is less than or equal to 100 milliseconds.

[0122] By selecting appropriate components for the switching circuit, the battery switching time can be shortened.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first time period can also be set to less than or equal to 50ms.

[0124] Switching the power supply battery in a short time can minimize the impact of the switching process on the operating status of electrical devices and reduce the user's awareness of the switching process.

[0125] According to some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 5 The switching circuit 110 includes a switching element T1.

[0126] The switching element T1 is connected to the first battery U1 and the second battery U2.

[0127] In one example, the switching element T1 can be a magnetic latching relay. A magnetic latching relay includes multiple contacts, and the switching function is achieved by the closing and opening of these contacts. The open and closed states of each contact are held by the magnetic force generated by a permanent magnet. When the relay contacts need to switch between open and closed states, the state transition is achieved by energizing the coil. When the contacts are in the holding state, the coil does not need to be continuously energized; the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is sufficient to maintain the relay's state.

[0128] Using highly integrated switching components can effectively simplify the switching circuit, reduce its size, and lower design costs while achieving battery system switching functionality.

[0129] According to some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The switching element T1 includes a first contact 10, a second contact 20, a third contact 30, and a fourth contact 40.

[0130] The first contact 10 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery U2. The third contact 30 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery U1.

[0131] When the second contact 20 and the fourth contact 40 are closed, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series.

[0132] When the first contact 10 is closed, the second battery U2 and the load device in the electrical device 1000 are connected.

[0133] When the third contact 30 is closed, the first battery U1 and the load device are connected.

[0134] like Figure 5 As shown, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected to the switching element T1 through the first node 1, the second node 2, the third node 3 and the fourth node 4. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates an example using a magnetic latching relay as the switching element T1. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the magnetic latching relay includes four contacts and two coils. The first contact 10 is connected to the first node 1, which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery U2. The third contact 30 is connected to the third node 3, which is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery U1. The first coil 50 can drive the first contact 10 and the fourth contact 40 to close or open, and the second coil 60 can drive the second contact 20 and the third contact 30 to close or open.

[0135] exist Figure 6In the example shown, when the second contact 20 and the fourth contact 40 are closed, the first node 1 and the third node 3 are connected, and the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in series. When the first contact 10 is closed, the first node 1 and the fourth node 4 are connected, and the second battery U2 can provide power. When the third contact 30 is closed, the third node 3 and the second node 2 are connected, and the first battery U1 can provide power. Furthermore, when the first contact 10 and the second contact 20 are closed, the first node 1 and the fourth node 4 are connected, while the third node 3 and the second node 2 are not connected, and only the second battery U2 can provide power. When the third contact 30 and the fourth contact 40 are closed, the third node 3 and the second node 2 are connected, while the first node 1 and the fourth node 4 are not connected, and only the first battery U1 can provide power. When the first contact 10 and the third contact 30 are closed, the first node 1 and the fourth node 4 are connected, the third node 3 and the second node 2 are connected, and the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 are connected in parallel.

[0136] Taking the example that the output voltage of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 is 400V, the correspondence between the state of each contact and the battery connection state is shown in Table 1 below.

[0137] Table 1

[0138] exist Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the example shown, the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be disconnected by opening the second contact 20 and the fourth contact 40. Correspondingly, by closing the first contact 10, the second battery U2 can output electrical energy to the power user 1000; by closing the third contact 30, the first battery U1 can output electrical energy to the power user 1000; and by closing the first contact 10 and the third contact 30, the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be connected in parallel to output electrical energy to the power user 1000.

[0139] Using a switching element with four contacts, the switching function of the connection relationship between two batteries can be flexibly realized, improving the integration of the switching circuit.

[0140] According to some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 7 The battery system 100 also includes a protector P1.

[0141] Protector P1 is connected in series with switching element T1. Protector P1 is used to protect the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2.

[0142] like Figure 7As shown, since the magnetic latching relay has a relatively weak load-bearing switching capability, when the switching element T1 uses a magnetic latching relay, it can be used in conjunction with the protector P1. The protector P1 can be connected in series with the switching element T1. Figure 7 In the example shown, protector P1 can be connected between the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2. Before controlling the switching element T1 to switch, protector P1 can be disconnected, so that the switching element T1 is disconnected from the rest of the circuit, allowing it to switch without load.

[0143] In some embodiments, the protector P1 may use an excitation fuse, which may also be referred to as a PyroFuse, Pyrotechnical safety switch (PSS), or other similar components.

[0144] By installing a protector, the safety during the switching process of the changeover switch can be effectively improved.

[0145] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery management system is further configured to: control the protector P1 to disconnect in response to the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 being in a second state before the control switch circuit 110 disconnects the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2.

[0146] In scenarios where the switching element T1 is a magnetically latched relay, when battery switching is required, such as when a battery in the battery system 100 malfunctions, the battery management system will first disconnect the protector P1, for example, by controlling the PyroFuse to explode, and then control the switching element T1 to disconnect the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2, for example, by disconnecting the second contact 20 and the fourth contact 40. This allows the switching element T1 to disconnect the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 without a load, reducing the risk that the switching element T1 may be damaged during the disconnection process, preventing the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 from conducting to the load device and thus failing to supply power to the electrical device 1000. In some embodiments, the process of the battery management system controlling the protector P1 to disconnect and controlling the switching element T1 to switch can be kept within a short time, for example, within 30ms.

[0147] During the process of the control switching element T1 connecting the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to the load device (e.g., closing the third contact 30 or the first contact 10), a live switching situation may occur. That is, when the contact is closed, the circuit is connected, and the voltage and current output by the battery are instantaneously applied to the relay, which may cause the relay to stick. Although the relay has a sticking fault, it can still allow the battery to supply power to the electrical device 1000. In this case, the sticking relay can be replaced after the vehicle enters a service station or repair shop.

[0148] Disconnecting the protector before disconnecting the two batteries can reduce the impact of the switching process on the switching elements and reduce the risk of switch damage.

[0149] According to some embodiments of this application, sending a first signal to the power device 1000 when the power device 1000 is in an operating state includes: sending a first signal to the power device 1000 in response to the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 being in a second state when the power device 1000 is in an operating state.

[0150] As mentioned above, the second state indicates a battery malfunction, which may affect the power supply to the device 1000, requiring a battery switchover. In this situation, the battery management system will promptly send a first signal to the device 1000 to report the abnormal battery status.

[0151] During the operation of an electrical device, when an abnormality occurs in the battery in the battery system, the battery management system can promptly report the abnormal battery status to the electrical device, thereby switching the power supply battery, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0152] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device. (Reference) Figure 8 The electrical device 1000 includes the battery system 100, load device Q1, and controller (not shown) in the above embodiments.

[0153] The load device Q1 is connected to the battery system 100.

[0154] The controller is used for: In response to receiving the first signal from the battery management system, the load device Q1 is turned off.

[0155] The embodiment of the power supply device 1000 can be referred to the embodiment of the battery system 100, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0156] In the embodiments of this application, the load device may refer to a high-voltage load and / or a low-voltage load connected to the battery system 100, and the load device Q1 is powered by the battery system 100. In the example where the electrical device 1000 is a vehicle, the controller may be a vehicle control unit (VCU), a microcontroller (MCU), or the like.

[0157] As described above, when the battery system 100 needs to switch batteries, the battery management system will send a first signal to the electrical device 1000. Taking the electrical device 1000 as a vehicle as an example, after receiving the first signal, the vehicle will quickly shut down the load device Q1 (e.g., within 10ms) to reduce the current in the circuit. When the current in the circuit drops to within the current threshold range, the battery management system will control the switching circuit 110 to disconnect the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 (e.g., disconnect the second switch K2) and proceed with subsequent operations.

[0158] When switching power supply batteries is required, promptly shutting off the load devices in the electrical appliance can reduce the burden on the battery system during the switching process, allowing the switching process to proceed normally.

[0159] According to some embodiments of this application, the controller is further configured to: in response to receiving a first signal sent by the battery management system, adjust the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B in the power-consuming device 1000 to meet a predetermined voltage condition within a third time period. The first detection node A is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the positive terminal of the second battery U2. The second detection node B is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2.

[0160] In addition to shutting down the load device Q1, the controller will also adjust the back electromotive force, which is the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B, also known as the Link voltage.

[0161] In some embodiments, the third time period can be set to the millisecond level, for example, less than or equal to 10 ms. The controller can adjust the difference between the detected voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 to be less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold within a short time (e.g., 10 ms). When the difference between the detected voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 is less than the predetermined voltage difference threshold, i.e., when the power device 1000 is in the first state, the battery management system can control the switching circuit 100 according to the states of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2, causing either the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to be connected to the load device Q1, supplying power to the load device Q1.

[0162] It should be understood that the order in which the controller shuts down the load device Q1 and adjusts the back electromotive force can be designed according to the usage requirements. For example, the load device Q1 can be shut down and the back electromotive force can be adjusted at the same time, or the load device Q1 can be shut down first, or the back electromotive force can be adjusted first, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0163] When a battery malfunctions and needs to be switched, timely adjustment of the voltage on the device side to reduce the difference between the voltage and the battery system's output voltage can improve the safety of the switching process and reduce the risk of switching failures.

[0164] According to some embodiments of this application, the controller is also configured to: start the load device Q1 in response to the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 turning on the power-consuming device 1000.

[0165] Once the battery system 100 completes the switchover, the controller can quickly start the load device Q1. The entire switchover process can be completed in microseconds or milliseconds.

[0166] Once the battery system has completed the switch, the load equipment should be started promptly. Since there is no need to perform operations such as lowering or raising the high voltage, the switch can be completed in a very short time, which can reduce the impact of the switch on the user and improve the user experience.

[0167] Based on the same technical concept, this application provides a control method for a battery system, used in the battery system 100 described above. (Reference) Figure 9 The battery system control method 800 includes steps 810 to 830.

[0168] Step 810: When the electrical device 1000 is in an operational state, a first signal is sent to the electrical device. The battery system 100 is installed in the electrical device 1000. The first signal is used to indicate the status of the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2.

[0169] Steps 820 to 830 are executed during the first time period.

[0170] Step 820: Control switch circuit 110 disconnects the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2.

[0171] Step 830: Control switch circuit 110 causes the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to output electrical energy to the power-consuming device 1000.

[0172] The embodiment of the control method 800 for the battery system can refer to the embodiment of the battery system 100, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0173] When a battery switch is required, the battery management system can promptly send a signal to the device and quickly switch the battery supplying power to the device by rapidly changing the connection between batteries. By reducing the high-voltage transitions, the system can significantly improve operational efficiency and minimize the impact of battery malfunctions on the user experience.

[0174] According to some embodiments of this application, the switching circuit 110 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3. The first switch K1 is used to connect the first battery U1 and the load device Q1 in the electrical device 1000. The second switch K2 is used to connect the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 in series. The third switch K3 is used to connect the second battery U2 and the load device Q1.

[0175] Step 820 includes: controlling the second switch K2 to open.

[0176] By disconnecting the second switch, the first and second batteries are no longer connected in series and can supply power to the load device independently.

[0177] According to some embodiments of this application, controlling the second switch K2 to open includes: controlling the second switch K2 to open in response to the current flowing through the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 being within a current threshold range.

[0178] Disconnecting the second switch when the current is within a preset current threshold range ensures that the second switch can be successfully disconnected, reducing the risk of damage to the second switch due to live switching.

[0179] According to some embodiments of this application, the control method 800 further includes: after controlling the second switch K2 to open, determining whether the second switch K2 is in a sticky state during a second time period.

[0180] During the switching of power supply batteries, after disconnecting the series connection between the two batteries, first check whether the second switch is stuck. If it is not stuck, then switch to the first or second battery to supply power to the electrical device. This can reduce the risk of battery short circuit due to the second switch sticking and improve the safety of the switching process.

[0181] According to some embodiments of this application, step 830 includes: in response to the second switch K2 not being in a sticky state and the power device 1000 being in a first state, controlling the switch circuit 110 to cause the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 to output electrical energy to the power device 1000.

[0182] When the second switch is not stuck and the electrical device is in a suitable state, switching to the first or second battery to supply power to the electrical device can reduce the risk of switch damage during the switching process and ensure that the switching process can proceed normally.

[0183] According to some embodiments of this application, step 830 includes: In response to the first battery U1 being in the second state, control the third switch K3 to be turned on so that the second battery U2 outputs electrical energy to the load device Q1; In response to the second battery U2 being in the second state, the first switch K1 is turned on so that the first battery U1 outputs electrical energy to the load device Q1.

[0184] Based on the status of each battery, use the batteries in good condition to supply power, and disconnect the abnormal batteries from the electrical device. This allows the electrical device to still be powered even when the battery is abnormal, minimizing the impact of battery abnormality on the electrical device.

[0185] According to some embodiments of this application, the switching circuit 110 includes a switching element T1. The switching element T1 is connected to a first battery U1 and a second battery U2. The battery system 100 also includes a protector P1. The protector P1 is connected in series with the switching element T1 for protecting the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2.

[0186] Control method 800 also includes: Before step 820: In response to the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 being in the second state, the control protector P1 is disconnected.

[0187] Disconnecting the protector before disconnecting the two batteries can reduce the impact of the switching process on the switching elements and reduce the risk of switch damage.

[0188] According to some embodiments of this application, step 810 includes: when the power device 1000 is in an operating state, in response to the first battery U1 and / or the second battery U2 being in a second state, sending a first signal to the power device 1000.

[0189] During the operation of an electrical device, when an abnormality occurs in the battery in the battery system, the battery management system can promptly report the abnormal battery status to the electrical device, thereby switching the power supply battery, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the battery system.

[0190] Based on the same technical concept, this application provides a control method for an electrical device, used in the electrical device 1000 described above. (Reference) Figure 10 The control method 900 for electrical devices includes step 910.

[0191] Step 910: In response to receiving the first signal sent by the battery management system, shut down the load device Q1.

[0192] The embodiment of the control method 900 for the electrical device can refer to the embodiments of the battery system 100 and the electrical device 1000, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0193] When switching power supply batteries is required, promptly shutting off the load devices in the electrical appliance can reduce the burden on the battery system during the switching process, allowing the switching process to proceed normally.

[0194] According to some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 10 The control method 900 also includes Figure 10 Step 920 is indicated in the dashed box.

[0195] Step 920: In response to receiving the first signal sent by the battery management system, the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B in the power consumption device 1000 is adjusted to meet the predetermined voltage condition within the third time period.

[0196] The first detection node A is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery U1 and the positive terminal of the second battery U2. The second detection node B is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery U1 and the negative terminal of the second battery U2.

[0197] It should be understood that the order of steps 910 and 920 can be designed according to the usage requirements. For example, steps 910 and 920 can be executed simultaneously, or steps 910 can be executed first, or steps 920 can be executed first, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0198] When the battery needs to be switched, timely adjustment of the voltage on the power device side to reduce the difference between it and the output voltage of the battery system can improve the safety of the switching process and reduce the risk of switching failure.

[0199] According to some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 10 The control method 900 also includes Figure 10 Step 930 is indicated in the dashed box.

[0200] Step 930: In response to the first battery U1 or the second battery U2 outputting electrical energy to the electrical device, the load device Q1 is started.

[0201] Once the battery system has completed the switch, promptly activating the load device can minimize the impact of the switchover process on user operation and improve the user experience.

[0202] A specific embodiment of this application is described below. It should be understood that this specific embodiment is described for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0203] like Figure 8 As shown, the battery system 100 is installed in the electrical device 1000 to supply power to the electrical device 1000. Figures 2 to 4As shown, the battery system 100 includes a first battery U1, a second battery U2, a switching circuit 110, and a battery management system. The switching circuit 110 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3. Taking a vehicle as an example of an electrical device 1000, when one of the batteries in the battery system 100 malfunctions and cannot supply power to the electrical device 1000 normally (i.e., the battery is in the second state), the battery management system will send a first signal to the controller in the vehicle via a CAN signal. Upon receiving the first signal, the controller in the vehicle will quickly shut down the load device Q1 in the vehicle, reducing the current in the circuit. The battery management system will then enter a battery switching mode. In this mode, the battery switching task has the highest priority, and the battery system 100 and the vehicle will cooperate to quickly switch the various switches to achieve the switching of the power supply battery.

[0204] When the current flowing through the second switch K2 drops to within the current threshold range, the battery management system will disconnect the second switch K2. The controller in the vehicle will also adjust the back electromotive force, i.e., the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B. The controller will quickly adjust the difference between the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 to be less than the predetermined voltage difference threshold. During this period, the battery management system will also determine whether the second switch K2 is in a stuck state. If the second switch K2 is not stuck, and the difference between the detection voltage between the first detection node A and the second detection node B and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system 100 is less than the predetermined voltage difference threshold, the battery management system will control the first switch K1 or the third switch K3 to close according to the state of the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. When the first battery U1 is abnormal, i.e., in the second state, the first switch K1 is disconnected, the third switch K3 is closed, and the second battery U2 is used for power supply; when the second battery U2 is abnormal, i.e., in the second state, the third switch K3 is disconnected, the first switch K1 is closed, and the first battery U1 is used for power supply.

[0205] In the battery system 100, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 can all use conventional relays or solid-state relays. Solid-state relays have better load switching capabilities and can reduce the risk of damage during power-on switching.

[0206] like Figures 5 to 7As shown, the switching circuit 110 may also include a switching element T1 and a protector P1. The switching element T1 may be, for example, a magnetic latching relay. By switching the closing or opening of each contact in the magnetic latching relay, the connection relationship between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2 can be switched. When battery switching is required, for example, when a battery in the battery system 100 is abnormal, the battery management system will disconnect the protector P1 and disconnect the second contact 20 and the fourth contact 40 to disconnect the connection between the first battery U1 and the second battery U2. When the first battery U1 is abnormal, i.e., in the second state, the first contact 10 is closed, and the second battery U2 is used for power supply; when the second battery U2 is abnormal, i.e., in the second state, the third contact 30 is closed, and the first battery U1 is used for power supply.

[0207] After the battery switch is complete, the vehicle's controller will activate the load device Q1. The entire switchover process can be completed in milliseconds or microseconds, minimizing the impact on user operation and improving the user experience.

[0208] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery system, characterized in that, include: The first battery is used to output electrical energy; The second battery is used to output electrical energy; A switching circuit, connected to the first battery and the second battery, is used to switch the connection relationship between the first battery and the second battery; Battery management system, the battery management system being used for: When the electrical device is in operation, a first signal is sent to the electrical device, wherein the battery system is disposed in the electrical device, and the first signal is used to indicate the status of the first battery and / or the second battery; Perform the following steps during the first time period: The control circuit disconnects the connection between the first battery and the second battery; and The switching circuit is controlled to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device, wherein the first time period is less than or equal to 200 milliseconds.

2. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes: A first switch is used to connect the first battery and the load device in the electrical device. A second switch is used to connect the first battery and the second battery in series; and The third switch is used to connect the second battery and the load device.

3. The battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control of the switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the first battery and the second battery includes: The second switch is turned off.

4. The battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control of the second switch to disconnect includes: In response to the current flowing through the first battery and / or the second battery being within the current threshold range, the second switch is controlled to open.

5. The battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery management system is also used for: After the control of the second switch is turned off: Determine whether the second switch is in a stuck state during the second time period.

6. The battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second time period is less than or equal to 100 milliseconds.

7. The battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control of the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device includes: In response to the second switch not being in the sticky state and the electrical device being in the first state, the switching circuit is controlled to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device.

8. The battery system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first state indicates that the difference between the detection voltage between the first detection node and the second detection node in the electrical device and the predetermined output voltage of the battery system is less than a predetermined voltage difference threshold, wherein the first detection node is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, and the second detection node is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the second battery.

9. The battery system according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The control of the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device includes: In response to the first battery being in the second state, the third switch is controlled to be turned on so that the second battery outputs electrical energy to the load device; and In response to the second battery being in the second state, the first switch is controlled to be turned on so that the first battery outputs electrical energy to the load device.

10. The battery system according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The first switch and / or the third switch are solid-state relays.

11. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first time period is less than or equal to 100 milliseconds.

12. The battery system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes: A switching element is connected to the first battery and the second battery.

13. The battery system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The switching element includes: The first contact is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery; Second contact; The third contact is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery; and The fourth contact, of which, When the second contact and the fourth contact are closed, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series; When the first contact is closed, the second battery and the load device in the electrical device are connected; When the third contact is closed, the first battery and the load device are connected.

14. The battery system according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The battery system also includes: A protector, connected in series with the switching element, is used to protect the first battery and / or the second battery.

15. The battery system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The battery management system is also used for: Before the control switch circuit disconnects the connection between the first battery and the second battery: In response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in the second state, the protector is controlled to disconnect.

16. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sending a first signal to the electrical device when the device is in operation includes: When the electrical device is in operation, the first signal is sent to the electrical device in response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in a second state.

17. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, include: The battery system as described in any one of claims 1-16; A load device connected to the battery system; as well as Controller, used for: In response to receiving the first signal sent by the battery management system, the load device is shut down.

18. The electrical appliance according to claim 17, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: In response to receiving the first signal sent by the battery management system, the detection voltage between the first detection node and the second detection node in the power-consuming device is adjusted to meet a predetermined voltage condition within a third time period, wherein the first detection node is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, and the second detection node is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the second battery.

19. The electrical appliance according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: The load device is started in response to the first battery or the second battery outputting electrical energy to the electrical device.

20. A control method for a battery system, used in the battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: When the electrical device is in operation, a first signal is sent to the electrical device, wherein the battery system is disposed in the electrical device, and the first signal is used to indicate the status of the first battery and / or the second battery; Perform the following steps during the first time period: The control circuit disconnects the connection between the first battery and the second battery; and The switching circuit is controlled to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device, wherein the first time period is less than or equal to 200 milliseconds.

21. The control method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch. The first switch is used to connect the first battery and the load device in the electrical device. The second switch is used to connect the first battery and the second battery in series. The third switch is used to connect the second battery and the load device. Controlling the switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the first battery and the second battery includes: The second switch is turned off.

22. The control method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The control of the second switch to disconnect includes: In response to the current flowing through the first battery and / or the second battery being within the current threshold range, the second switch is controlled to open.

23. The control method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The control method further includes: After the control of the second switch is turned off: Determine whether the second switch is in a stuck state during the second time period.

24. The control method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The control of the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device includes: In response to the second switch not being in the sticky state and the electrical device being in the first state, the switching circuit is controlled to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device.

25. The control method according to any one of claims 21-24, characterized in that, The control of the switching circuit to cause the first battery or the second battery to output electrical energy to the electrical device includes: In response to the first battery being in the second state, the third switch is controlled to be turned on so that the second battery outputs electrical energy to the load device; and In response to the second battery being in the second state, the first switch is controlled to be turned on so that the first battery outputs electrical energy to the load device.

26. The control method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes a switching element connected to the first battery and the second battery. The battery system further includes a protector connected in series with the switching element for protecting the first battery and / or the second battery. The control method further includes: Before the control switch circuit disconnects the connection between the first battery and the second battery: In response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in the second state, the protector is controlled to disconnect.

27. The control method according to claim 20, characterized in that, Sending a first signal to the electrical device when the device is in operation includes: When the electrical device is in operation, the first signal is sent to the electrical device in response to the first battery and / or the second battery being in a second state.

28. A method for controlling an electrical appliance, used in the electrical appliance as described in claim 17, characterized in that, include: In response to receiving the first signal sent by the battery management system, the load device is shut down.

29. The control method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The control method further includes: In response to receiving the first signal sent by the battery management system, the detection voltage between the first detection node and the second detection node in the power-consuming device is adjusted to meet a predetermined voltage condition within a third time period, wherein the first detection node is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery and the positive terminal of the second battery, and the second detection node is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the second battery.

30. The control method according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that, The control method further includes: The load device is started in response to the first battery or the second battery outputting electrical energy to the electrical device.

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