Battery and charging protection circuit

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a battery and a charging protection circuit. The possibility of overcharging of the battery can be effectively reduced while the volume of the battery and the production cost of the battery are reduced. The battery includes: at least one battery cell; the charging protection circuit is connected with at least one battery monomer, and the charging protection circuit comprises a comparison circuit and an on-off circuit; wherein the comparison circuit is configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage in a charging process and output a comparison signal according to a comparison result of the first input voltage and the second input voltage, the first input voltage indicates a charging voltage threshold, and the second input voltage indicates voltages of part of the at least one battery monomer; the on-off circuit is configured to cut off a charging loop of the battery under the condition that the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage; wherein the number of the comparison circuits is greater than that of the on-off circuits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery and a charging protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry. In this context, electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of the automotive industry's sustainable development. And for electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development.

[0003] Overcharging is a major challenge in the development of battery technology. Overcharging typically leads to decreased battery performance, reduced battery life, and even thermal runaway, resulting in significant personal injury and property damage. Therefore, effectively addressing the overcharging problem is an urgent issue that needs to be resolved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery and charging protection circuit that can effectively reduce the possibility of battery overcharging while reducing battery size and production costs.

[0005] In a first aspect, a battery is provided, comprising: at least one battery cell; and a charging protection circuit connected to the at least one battery cell, the charging protection circuit including a comparison circuit and a switching circuit; wherein the comparison circuit is configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage during charging, and output a comparison signal based on a comparison result of the first input voltage and the second input voltage, the first input voltage indicating a charging voltage threshold, and the second input voltage indicating the voltage of a portion of the at least one battery cell; the switching circuit is configured to disconnect the charging circuit of the battery when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage; wherein the number of comparison circuits is greater than the number of switching circuits.

[0006] In this embodiment, a charging protection circuit including a comparison circuit and an on / off circuit is connected to a single battery cell. The comparison circuit is configured to receive a first input voltage indicating a charging voltage threshold and a second input voltage indicating the voltage of the single battery cell. When the voltage of the single battery cell is greater than or equal to the charging voltage threshold, the on / off circuit can promptly cut off the charging circuit, reducing the possibility of overcharging. This not only improves battery performance but also reduces the probability of safety hazards caused by overcharging. Furthermore, setting the number of comparison circuits to be greater than the number of on / off circuits reduces the space occupied by the charging protection circuit, effectively reducing the battery size, and also reduces battery production costs.

[0007] In some possible implementations, each of the at least one battery cell is connected to each of the comparator circuits in the comparator circuit.

[0008] The above technical solution sets the number of comparison circuits to be less than the number of battery cells, and the comparison circuits are connected to a portion of at least one battery cell. In this way, the cost and volume of the battery can be further reduced.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the number of comparison circuits is less than the number of the at least one battery cell, and the comparison circuits are connected to a portion of the at least one battery cell.

[0010] In this way, each battery cell is connected to a comparator circuit. When the voltage of any battery cell reaches the voltage threshold, the switching circuit can quickly respond to overcharging and cut off the charging circuit in time, effectively reducing the possibility of battery overcharging. This not only further improves battery performance but also reduces the probability of safety hazards caused by battery overcharging to a certain extent.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the number of on / off circuits is one, and the output of the comparator circuit is connected to one of the on / off circuits.

[0012] The above technical solution sets the number of on / off circuits to one, which can minimize the number of electronic components included in the charging protection circuit, thereby further reducing the cost of the charging protection circuit and the internal space occupied by the battery, and thus effectively reducing the cost and size of the battery.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the charging protection circuit further includes: a first voltage divider circuit, the input of which receives a preset voltage output from a preset voltage source, the output of which is connected to a first input of the comparator circuit, and the first voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the preset voltage into the first input voltage; and / or

[0014] A second voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the voltage of the battery cell into the second input voltage. The input terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the output terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit.

[0015] The above technical solution, on the one hand, by setting a first voltage divider circuit, allows the first input voltage input to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit to more accurately indicate the charging voltage threshold, thereby further reducing the possibility of battery overcharging. On the other hand, by setting a second voltage divider circuit, it can meet the requirement that the charging voltage threshold is greater than the voltage of the battery cell under specific scenarios (such as when the voltage of a battery cell is converted to the first input voltage by a step-down circuit), thereby ensuring normal battery charging.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the first voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, a first terminal of the first resistor is connected to the preset voltage source, a second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor and the first input terminal of the comparator circuit, and the second terminal of the second resistor is grounded; and / or

[0017] The second voltage divider circuit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded.

[0018] The first voltage divider circuit includes two resistors, and / or the second voltage divider circuit includes two resistors. Since resistors are relatively inexpensive, the above technical solution achieves the function of voltage division at a relatively low cost.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the charging protection circuit further includes a delay circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the second voltage divider circuit, and the output of which is grounded, to delay the second input voltage.

[0020] This technical solution, by incorporating a delay circuit, ensures that the first input voltage is greater than the second input voltage during charging, thereby guaranteeing normal charging. For example, at power-on, this ensures that the first input voltage is greater than the second input voltage, preventing false triggering upon power-on.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the charging protection circuit further includes: a first filtering circuit configured to receive the first input voltage at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit, for filtering the received first input voltage and outputting the filtered first input voltage to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit; and / or

[0022] The second filtering circuit is configured to receive the second input voltage at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit, so as to filter the received second input voltage and output the filtered second input voltage to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit.

[0023] The above technical solution, by setting a first filter circuit and / or a second filter circuit, can filter out high-frequency noise signals in the first input voltage and the second input voltage, thereby effectively improving the robustness of the charging protection circuit.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the first filter circuit includes a first filter resistor and a first filter capacitor. A first terminal of the first filter resistor receives the first input voltage, a second terminal of the first filter resistor is connected to a first terminal of the first filter capacitor and a first input terminal of the comparator circuit, and a second terminal of the first filter capacitor is grounded; and / or

[0025] The second filter circuit includes a second filter resistor and a second filter capacitor. The first end of the second filter resistor receives the second input voltage. The second end of the second filter resistor is connected to the first end of the second filter capacitor and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit. The second end of the second filter capacitor is grounded.

[0026] The above technical solution sets the first filter circuit and / or the second filter circuit to include resistors and capacitors, thereby achieving the purpose of filtering out high-frequency noise signals at a relatively low cost.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the charging protection circuit further includes: a power supply circuit, the input of which is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparison, configured to convert the voltage of the battery cell into the first input voltage.

[0028] The input to the charging protection circuit is typically the voltage of the connected battery cell. During a single charge, the real-time voltage of the battery cell changes continuously, while the charging voltage threshold remains fixed. Therefore, the above technical solution achieves the setting of the charging voltage threshold by setting a power supply circuit that converts the battery cell voltage into a first input voltage signal. This charging voltage threshold effectively reduces the possibility of overcharging.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the charging protection circuit further includes: a trigger circuit, wherein the input terminal of the trigger circuit is configured to receive the comparison signal, and the output terminal is connected to the switching circuit, the trigger circuit being configured to output a control signal to the switching circuit according to the comparison signal, the control signal being used to control the switching of the charging circuit; wherein, when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage, the control signal is used to control the switching circuit to cut off the charging circuit.

[0030] The above technical solution, by setting a trigger circuit, ensures that regardless of the form of the on / off circuit, when the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage, the comparison signal output by the comparison circuit can trigger the on / off circuit to switch the charging circuit in a timely manner. This not only improves the versatility of the charging protection circuit application, but also further reduces the possibility of battery overcharging.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the charging protection circuit further includes a protection circuit comprising a first capacitor, a diode, and a transient voltage suppression diode, wherein a first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell and a first terminal of the diode, a second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded to a second terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode, and a second terminal of the diode is connected to a second input terminal of the comparator circuit.

[0032] The above technical solution, by setting up a protection circuit, can protect against surge voltage on the bus voltage and prevent reverse connection of the power supply, thereby further improving the performance of the battery.

[0033] In a second aspect, a charging protection circuit is provided, comprising: a comparator circuit configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage during charging, and output a comparison signal based on a comparison result of the first input voltage and the second input voltage, wherein the first input voltage indicates a charging voltage threshold and the second input voltage indicates the voltage of a single battery cell; and a switching circuit configured to disconnect the charging circuit of the battery when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage; wherein the number of the comparator circuits is greater than the number of the switching circuits. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0035] Figure 2 An exploded view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another power supply circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another power supply circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0042] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0043] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0044] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0045] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a trigger circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0046] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0047] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0050] The directional terms used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0052] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

[0053] In the field of new energy, batteries can serve as the primary power source for electrical devices (such as vehicles, ships, or spacecraft). The battery mentioned in this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more individual battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.

[0054] During battery use, the battery needs to be charged. However, overcharging may occur during charging. Overcharging occurs when the charging process is too long or the charging voltage is too high, causing the internal charging reaction of the battery to continue beyond its designed normal charging state.

[0055] Overcharging a battery can cause a series of problems. Firstly, it may reduce battery life. Specifically, overcharging accelerates internal chemical reactions, leading to physical and chemical changes in the battery's internal structure, thus accelerating the aging process. Furthermore, overcharging reduces the battery's cycle life, meaning it can only be charged and discharged a few times, shortening its overall lifespan. Secondly, overcharging can cause the loss of active materials within the battery, reducing its capacity and thus its range. Additionally, overcharging increases the battery's internal resistance, reducing its energy conversion efficiency and decreasing the energy released during discharge. Thirdly, overcharging can also pose safety hazards. For example, overcharging generates a large amount of heat; if this heat cannot be dissipated in time, it can cause a rapid rise in battery temperature, leading to serious safety issues such as smoke, fire, or even explosion. Furthermore, overcharging can cause internal gas pressure to rise, causing the battery casing to expand, which in severe cases may lead to leakage, damaging the environment and equipment.

[0056] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a battery, including at least one battery cell and a charging protection circuit connected to the at least one battery cell. The charging protection circuit includes a comparator circuit and an on / off circuit. The comparator circuit is configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage during charging, and output a comparison signal based on the comparison result of the first and second input voltages. The first input voltage indicates a charging voltage threshold, and the second input voltage indicates the voltage of a portion of the battery cells in the at least one battery cell. The on / off circuit is configured to cut off the battery's charging circuit when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage. The number of comparator circuits is greater than the number of on / off circuits. Thus, when the voltage of a battery cell exceeds the charging voltage threshold, the on / off circuit can promptly cut off the battery's charging circuit, reducing the possibility of overcharging. This not only improves battery performance but also reduces the probability of safety hazards caused by overcharging to a certain extent. Furthermore, setting the number of comparator circuits to be greater than the number of on / off circuits reduces the space occupied by the charging protection circuit in the battery, thereby effectively reducing the battery's size, and also reduces the battery's production cost.

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0058] like Figure 1As shown, the battery 10 includes at least one battery cell 11 and a charging protection circuit 12 connected to the at least one battery cell 11. The charging protection circuit 12 includes a comparison circuit 121 and an on / off circuit 122. The comparison circuit 121 is configured to receive a first input voltage U1 and a second input voltage U2 during charging, and output a comparison signal based on the comparison result of the first input voltage U1 and the second input voltage U2. The first input voltage U1 indicates a charging voltage threshold, and the second input voltage U2 indicates the voltage of a portion of the battery cells 11 in the at least one battery cell 11. The on / off circuit 122 is configured to disconnect the charging circuit of the battery 10 when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage U2 is greater than or equal to the first input voltage U1.

[0059] The number of comparator circuits 121 is greater than the number of on / off circuits 122.

[0060] In this embodiment, a charging protection circuit 12, including a comparison circuit 121 and an on / off circuit 122, is connected to a battery cell 11. The comparison circuit 121 is configured to receive a first input voltage U1 indicating a charging voltage threshold and a second input voltage U2 indicating the battery cell voltage. When the voltage of the battery cell 11 is greater than or equal to the charging voltage threshold, the on / off circuit 122 can promptly cut off the charging circuit of the battery 10, reducing the possibility of overcharging. This not only improves the performance of the battery 10 but also reduces the probability of safety hazards caused by overcharging. Furthermore, setting the number of comparison circuits 121 to be greater than the number of on / off circuits 122 reduces the space occupied by the charging protection circuit 12 in the battery 10, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the battery 10. It also reduces the production cost of the battery 10.

[0061] like Figure 2The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a battery cell 11 according to an embodiment of this application. The battery cell 11 includes one or more electrode assemblies 120, a housing 131, and a cover plate 132. The housing 131 and the cover plate 132 form a casing or battery box 13. The walls of the housing 131 and the cover plate 132 are both referred to as the walls of the battery cell 11. The shape of the housing 131 depends on the combined shape of the one or more electrode assemblies 120. For example, the housing 131 can be a hollow cuboid, cube, or cylinder, and one side of the housing 131 has an opening so that one or more electrode assemblies 120 can be placed inside the housing 131. For example, when the housing 131 is a hollow cuboid or cube, one plane of the housing 131 is an open surface, that is, this plane does not have a wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 131. When the housing 131 can be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the housing 131 is an open surface, that is, this end face does not have a wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 131. The cover plate 132 covers the opening and is connected to the housing 131 to form a closed cavity for housing the electrode assembly 120. The housing 131 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.

[0062] The battery cell 11 may also include two electrode terminals 114, which can be disposed on a cover plate 132. The cover plate 132 is typically flat, and the two electrode terminals 114 are fixed to the flat surface of the cover plate 132. The two electrode terminals 114 are a positive electrode terminal 114a and a negative electrode terminal 114b, respectively. Each electrode terminal 114 is provided with a corresponding connecting member 15, or a current collector 15, which is located between the cover plate 132 and the electrode assembly 120, and is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 120 and the electrode terminal 114.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, each electrode assembly 120 has a first tab 121a and a second tab 122a. The first tab 121a and the second tab 122a have opposite polarities. For example, when the first tab 121a is a positive tab, the second tab 122a is a negative tab. The first tab 121a of one or more electrode assemblies 120 is connected to an electrode terminal via a connecting member 15, and the second tab 122a of one or more electrode assemblies 120 is connected to another electrode terminal via another connecting member 15. For example, the positive electrode terminal 114a is connected to the positive tab via a connecting member 15, and the negative electrode terminal 114b is connected to the negative tab via another connecting member 15.

[0064] In this battery cell 11, depending on actual usage requirements, the electrode assembly 120 can be configured as a single unit or multiple units, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell 11 contains four independent electrode assemblies 120.

[0065] A pressure relief mechanism 113 may also be provided on the battery cell 11. The pressure relief mechanism 113 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 11 reaches a threshold.

[0066] The switching circuit 122 may include, but is not limited to, a burst tube, a fuse, a self-resetting fuse, etc. For example, the internal resistance of the switching circuit 122 may be between 1.5Ω and 2.3Ω.

[0067] The positive terminal of comparator circuit 121 is configured to receive the first input voltage U1, and the negative terminal is configured to receive the second input voltage U2. Comparator circuit 121 can be, for example, [missing information - likely a specific type of circuit]. Figure 3 The circuit shown, or, could also be Figure 4 The circuit shown.

[0068] In some embodiments, the number of comparison circuits 121 is less than the number of at least one battery cell 11, and the comparison circuits 121 are connected to a portion of the at least one battery cell 11.

[0069] Alternatively, the comparator circuit 121 may be connected to any part of at least one battery cell 11.

[0070] Optionally, the battery cells 11 connected to the comparison circuit 121 can be determined based on certain criteria. For example, the battery cells 11 connected to the comparison circuit 121 can be determined based on the battery state parameters of each battery cell 11 in at least one battery cell 11. Battery state parameters may include, for example, temperature, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), capacity, etc. As another example, the battery cells 11 connected to the comparison circuit 121 can be determined based on the environment in which the battery 10 is located.

[0071] The above technical solution sets the number of comparison circuits 121 to be less than the number of battery cells 11. The comparison circuits 121 are connected to a portion of the battery cells 11 in at least one battery cell 11. In this way, the cost and volume of the battery 10 can be further reduced.

[0072] Since the high-voltage platform of a battery system is usually composed of hundreds of battery cells connected in series, different battery cells need to be charged with the same current. The difference in the capacity and initial voltage state of the battery cells will lead to a difference in their actual charging voltage. That is, some battery cells will reach the overcharge threshold first. If you continue to charge them, it will harm the overcharged battery cells.

[0073] In view of the above problems, in some embodiments, each of the at least one battery cell 11 may be connected to each of the comparator circuits 121 in the comparator circuit 121.

[0074] In other words, the comparator circuit 121 corresponds one-to-one with the battery cell 11, and the number of comparator circuits 121 is the same as the number of battery cells 11.

[0075] Thus, each battery cell 11 is connected to the comparator circuit 121. In this way, when the voltage of any battery cell 11 reaches the voltage threshold, the switching circuit 122 can quickly respond to overcharging and cut off the charging circuit in time, effectively reducing the possibility of overcharging of the battery 10. This not only further improves the performance of the battery 10, but also effectively reduces the probability of safety hazards caused by overcharging of the battery 10.

[0076] The number of switching circuits 122 can be multiple. For example, the charging protection circuit 12 includes three comparator circuits 121, wherein the outputs of two comparator circuits 121 are connected to one switching circuit 122, and the output of the other comparator circuit 121 is connected to another switching circuit 122.

[0077] Alternatively, the number of on / off circuits 122 can be one, and the output of the comparator circuit 121 is connected to the common on / off circuit 122.

[0078] This technical solution sets the number of on / off circuits 122 to one, which can minimize the number of electronic components included in the charging protection circuit 12, thereby further reducing the cost of the charging protection circuit 12 and the internal space occupied by the battery 10, and thus effectively reducing the cost and volume of the battery 10.

[0079] Optionally, the charging voltage threshold can be a fixed value, meaning that the charging voltage threshold remains the same regardless of when charging is performed. The charging voltage threshold can be a value obtained by the user through multiple experiments or determined based on experience.

[0080] Alternatively, the charging voltage threshold can be a variable. For example, the charging voltage threshold was V1 during the last charge, and it is V2 during the current charge. Exemplarily, the charging voltage threshold can change according to changes in the battery state, or according to changes in the external environment, or according to different charging purposes.

[0081] It should be noted that the charging voltage threshold is a fixed value during the same charging process.

[0082] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "the second input voltage U2 is greater than or equal to the first input voltage U1" means that the second input voltage U2 is about to be greater than or equal to the first input voltage U1, or that the second input voltage U2 is already greater than or equal to the first input voltage U1.

[0083] As an example, the first input of the comparator circuit 121 can be directly connected to a preset voltage source S, the output of which is the charging voltage threshold.

[0084] Considering that the input of the charging protection circuit 12 is typically the voltage of the battery cell 11 connected to it, and that the real-time voltage of the battery cell 11 changes continuously during a single charge, while the charging voltage threshold remains fixed, the charging protection circuit 12 may, as another example, include a power supply circuit 123. The input of the power supply circuit 123 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 11, and its output is connected to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121. The power supply circuit 123 is configured to convert the voltage of the battery cell 11 into the first input voltage.

[0085] The power supply circuit 123 can be a boost circuit, a buck circuit, or any other circuit. Figures 5-7 Three possible schematic circuit diagrams of the power supply circuit 123 according to embodiments of this application are shown.

[0086] The above technical solution sets a charging voltage threshold by setting a power supply circuit 123 that converts the voltage of the battery cell 11 into a first input voltage input signal. In this way, the possibility of overcharging the battery 10 can be effectively reduced by setting the charging voltage threshold.

[0087] Furthermore, the charging protection circuit 12 may also include a first voltage divider circuit 124. The input terminal of the first voltage divider circuit 124 receives a preset voltage output from the preset voltage source S, and the output terminal of the first voltage divider circuit 124 is connected to the first terminal of the comparator circuit 121. The first voltage divider circuit 124 is configured to divide the preset voltage into a first input voltage U1.

[0088] The preset voltage source S can be a single battery cell 11, and the preset voltage can be the voltage of the single battery cell 11, or the preset voltage can be the voltage of the single battery cell 11 after the voltage drop through a diode. When the charging protection circuit 12 includes a power supply circuit 123, the preset voltage can be the output signal of the power supply circuit 123.

[0089] By setting the first voltage divider circuit 124, the first input voltage U1 input to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121 can more accurately indicate the charging voltage threshold, thereby further reducing the possibility of overcharging the battery 10.

[0090] like Figure 8 As shown, the first voltage divider circuit 124 may include a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a preset voltage source S, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.

[0091] At this point, the charging voltage threshold can satisfy the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, V th V is the charging voltage threshold. CC1 This is the preset voltage. It can be seen that the charging voltage threshold can be changed by adjusting the resistance values ​​of R1 and R2.

[0094] The first voltage divider circuit 124 includes two resistors. Since resistors are relatively inexpensive, the above technical solution achieves the function of voltage division at a relatively low cost.

[0095] When the power supply circuit 123 is a step-down circuit, the first input voltage, i.e. the charging voltage threshold, is less than the voltage of the battery cell 11, which is contrary to the normal charging situation.

[0096] Therefore, in some embodiments, the charging protection circuit 12 may further include a second voltage divider circuit 125. The input terminal of the second voltage divider circuit 125 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 11, and the output terminal of the second voltage divider circuit 125 is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121. The second voltage divider circuit 125 is configured to divide the voltage of the battery cell 11 into a second input voltage U2.

[0097] By setting the second voltage divider circuit 125, the charging voltage threshold can be made greater than the voltage of the battery cell 11 under specific scenarios (such as the voltage of the battery cell 11 being converted into the first input voltage by the step-down circuit), thereby ensuring that the charging of the battery 10 proceeds normally.

[0098] Refer again Figure 8 The second voltage divider circuit 125 may include a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 11, the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4 and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded.

[0099] At this time, the second input voltage U2 can satisfy the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] U2 indicates the output voltage of the battery cell 11 connected to it after passing through the second voltage divider circuit 125, V in The voltage of the battery cell 11 connected to it does not pass through the second voltage divider circuit 125. It can be seen that the value of the second input voltage U2 can be changed by adjusting the resistance values ​​of R3 and R4.

[0102] The second voltage divider circuit 125 includes two resistors. Since resistors are relatively inexpensive, the above technical solution achieves the function of voltage division at a relatively low cost.

[0103] Considering that the first input voltage U1 may contain high-frequency noise, the charging protection circuit 12 may further include a first filter circuit 126. The first filter circuit 126 is configured to receive the first input voltage U1 at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121 to filter the received first input voltage U1 and output the filtered first input voltage U1 to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121.

[0104] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first filter circuit 126 may include a first filter resistor R5 and a first filter capacitor C1. The first end of the first filter resistor R5 receives the first input voltage U1. The second end of the first filter resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the first filter capacitor C1 and the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121. The second end of the first filter capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0105] The first filter cutoff frequency of the first filter circuit 126 can be adjusted by changing the resistance value of the first filter resistor R5 and the capacitance value of the first filter capacitor C1. The first filter cutoff frequency f1 can satisfy the following:

[0106]

[0107] Alternatively, the first filter circuit 126 may include a first filter inductor and a first filter capacitor C1 connected in series. The input terminal of the first filter inductor receives the first input voltage U1, and the output terminal of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121.

[0108] Similar to the first input voltage U1, the second input voltage U2 may also contain high-frequency noise. Therefore, the charging protection circuit 12 may also include a second filter circuit 127, which is configured to receive the second input voltage U2 at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121 to filter the received second input voltage U2 and output the filtered second input voltage U2 to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121.

[0109] Specifically, refer to again Figure 9The second filter circuit 127 may include a second filter resistor R6 and a second filter capacitor C2. The first end of the second filter resistor R6 receives the second input voltage U2. The second end of the second filter resistor R6 is connected to the first end of the second filter capacitor C2 and the second input end of the comparator circuit. The second end of the second filter capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0110] The second filter cutoff frequency of the second filter circuit 127 can be adjusted by changing the resistance value of the second filter resistor R6 and the capacitance value of the second filter capacitor C2. The second filter cutoff frequency f2 can satisfy the following:

[0111]

[0112] Alternatively, the second filter circuit 127 may include a second filter inductor and a second filter capacitor C2, which are connected in series. The input terminal of the second filter inductor receives the second input voltage U2, and the output terminal of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121.

[0113] The above technical solution, by setting the first filter circuit 126 and / or the second filter circuit 127, can filter out high-frequency noise signals in the first input voltage U1 and the second input voltage U2, thereby effectively improving the robustness of the charging protection circuit 12.

[0114] Furthermore, by configuring the first filter circuit 126 and / or the second filter circuit 127 to include resistors and capacitors, the purpose of filtering out high-frequency noise signals is achieved at a lower cost.

[0115] Under normal charging conditions, the first input voltage U1 should be greater than the second input voltage U2. At the moment of power-on, both the first input voltage U1 and the second input voltage U2 rise from 0. To ensure the normal function of the charging protection circuit 12, and to ensure that the first input signal is always greater than the second input voltage U2, in some embodiments, the charging protection circuit 12 may further include a delay circuit, which is configured to receive the second input voltage U2 at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121 to perform delay processing on the received second input voltage U2.

[0116] This technical solution, by setting a delay circuit, ensures that the first input voltage U1 is greater than the second input voltage U2 during the charging process, thereby guaranteeing normal charging. For example, at power-on, this ensures that the first input voltage U1 is greater than the second input voltage U2, preventing false triggering upon power-on.

[0117] When the charging protection circuit 12 includes a second voltage divider circuit 125, the input terminal of the delay circuit can be connected to the output terminal of the second voltage divider circuit 125, and the output terminal of the delay circuit can be connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121.

[0118] If the second voltage divider circuit 125 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, the first terminal of the delay circuit can be connected to the second terminal of the third resistor R3 and the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, and the second terminal of the delay circuit can be grounded. In this case, the third resistor R3 not only has the function of voltage division, but also can limit the charging speed of the delay circuit so that the first input voltage U1 is greater than the second input voltage U2.

[0119] Alternatively, the first terminal of the delay circuit can be connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, and the second terminal of the delay circuit can be grounded.

[0120] As an example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the delay circuit may include a first delay capacitor C3. The larger the capacitance value of the first delay capacitor, the longer the delay time.

[0121] When the charging protection circuit 12 includes a second voltage divider circuit 125 and a second filter circuit 127, and the second voltage divider circuit 125 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, and the second filter circuit 127 includes a second filter resistor R6 and a second filter capacitor C2, the delay time t1 of the second input voltage U2 can satisfy the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] As another example, the delay circuit may include a second delay capacitor and a second delay resistor.

[0124] It should be noted that although the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 121 is not connected to the delay circuit, the first input voltage U1 has a delay time due to the parasitic capacitance in the charging protection circuit 12. When the charging protection circuit 12 includes a first voltage divider circuit 124 and a first filter circuit 126, and the first voltage divider circuit 124 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the first filter circuit 126 includes a first filter resistor R5 and a first filter capacitor C1, the delay time t2 of the first input voltage U1 can satisfy:

[0125]

[0126] If the switching circuit 122 is a blown tube, a blown tube usually requires current to trigger it. However, the comparison signal output by the comparator circuit 121 is a signal, not a current. In this case, if the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage U2 is greater than the first input voltage U1, the comparison signal cannot drive the switching circuit 122, and the switching circuit 122 cannot cut off the charging circuit of the battery 10 in time.

[0127] Therefore, in some embodiments, the charging protection circuit 12 may further include: a trigger circuit 128, the input of which is configured to receive a comparison signal and the output of which is connected to the on / off circuit 122. The trigger circuit 128 is configured to output a control signal to the on / off circuit 122 according to the comparison signal, the control signal being used to control the on / off state of the charging circuit.

[0128] When the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage U2 is greater than or equal to the first input voltage U1, the control signal is used to control the on / off circuit 122 to cut off the charging circuit.

[0129] like Figure 11 As shown, the trigger circuit 128 may include a resistor R7, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), referred to as MOS transistor Q1, and a short-circuit protection diode D1.

[0130] based on Figure 11 The trigger circuit 128 is used when the battery cell 11 is working normally. The first input voltage U1 is greater than the second input voltage U2, the comparison signal is high, and the source and gate voltage Vgs of Q1 is 0V. Q1 is cut off and the switching circuit 122 is not triggered. When the battery cell 11 is overcharged, the first input voltage U1 is less than the second input voltage U2, the comparison signal is low, the source and gate voltage Vgs of Q1 is VCC1, Q1 is turned on, triggering the switching circuit 122, thereby cutting off the charging circuit.

[0131] It should be noted that the selection of Q1 and the short-circuit protection diode D1, as well as the routing of the printed circuit board (PCB), must meet the requirements for transient overcurrent. If these requirements are not met, the large current may damage the devices and circuits it passes through.

[0132] The trigger circuit 128 may also exclude the short-circuit protection diode D1. Furthermore, besides... Figure 11 In addition to the circuit shown, the trigger circuit 128 can also be Figure 12 The circuit shown is shown. Wherein, Figure 12The DC / DC converter in this context can include common power supply topologies such as low-dropout regulators (LDOs), BUCK circuits, BOOST circuits, BUCK-BOOST, forward converters, and flyback converters.

[0133] The above technical solution, by setting the trigger circuit 128, ensures that regardless of the form of the on / off circuit 122, when the second input voltage U2 is greater than or equal to the first input voltage U1, the comparison signal output by the comparison circuit 121 can trigger the on / off circuit 122 to switch the charging circuit in time. This not only improves the versatility of the charging protection circuit 12, but also further reduces the possibility of overcharging the battery 10.

[0134] Furthermore, the charging protection circuit 12 may also include a protection circuit, the input of which is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 11, and the output of which is connected to the second input of the comparator circuit 121, for protecting against surge voltage on the bus voltage and preventing reverse connection of the power supply. This further improves the performance of the circuit.

[0135] For example, the protection circuit may include a transient voltage suppressor (TVS), a first capacitor C5, and a diode D2. The first terminal of the first capacitor C5 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 11 and the first terminal of the diode D2. The second terminal of the first capacitor C5 is grounded to the second terminal of the transient voltage suppressor (TVS). The second terminal of the diode D2 is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 121, along with the first terminal of the transient voltage suppressor (TVS).

[0136] TVS is a high-efficiency protection device in the form of a diode. When the two poles of TVS are subjected to a reverse transient high-energy impact, it can change the high impedance between its two poles to a low impedance at a speed on the order of 10 to the power of -12 seconds, absorbing surge power of up to several kilowatts, clamping the voltage between the two poles to a predetermined value, and effectively protecting the precision components in electronic circuits from damage by various surge pulses.

[0137] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a specific charging protection circuit 12 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. It can be seen that... Figure 13 The charging protection circuit 12 shown includes a power supply circuit 123, a first voltage divider circuit 124, a second voltage divider circuit 125, a first filter circuit 126, a second filter circuit 127, a delay circuit, a comparison circuit 121, a trigger circuit 128, an on / off circuit 122, and a safety protection circuit 129.

[0138] Among them, Vin V is the voltage of the battery cell 11 connected to the charging protection circuit 12. i For V in The voltage after the approximately 0.4V drop across diode D2. C4 can act as a decoupling agent, improving V. i Performance, such as smoothing out V i High-frequency small fluctuation signals in the signal.

[0139] Each battery cell can correspond to a power supply circuit 123, a first voltage divider circuit 124, a second voltage divider circuit 125, a first filter circuit 126, a second filter circuit 127, a delay circuit, a comparator circuit 121, a trigger circuit 128, and a safety protection circuit 129. In other words, each battery cell can be configured with all circuits in the charging protection circuit 12 except for the on / off circuit 122, and multiple battery cells share one on / off circuit 122.

[0140] It should be understood that Figure 13 The same symbol indicates that they are connected together in the entire charging protection circuit 12.

[0141] like Figure 14 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a charging protection circuit 14. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the charging protection circuit 14 includes:

[0142] The comparison circuit 141 is configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage during charging, and output a comparison signal based on the comparison result of the first input voltage and the second input voltage, wherein the first input voltage indicates a charging voltage threshold and the second input voltage indicates the voltage of a single battery cell.

[0143] The on / off circuit 142 is configured to disconnect the charging circuit of the battery when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage.

[0144] The number of the comparison circuits 141 is greater than the number of the switching circuits 142.

[0145] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, each battery cell is connected to each comparator circuit 141 in the comparator circuit 141.

[0146] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the number of comparison circuits 141 is less than the number of battery cells, and the comparison circuits 141 are connected to some of the battery cells.

[0147] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the number of the on / off circuit 142 is one, and the output terminal of the comparison circuit 141 is connected to one of the on / off circuits 142.

[0148] Optionally, in this embodiment, the charging protection circuit further includes: a first voltage divider circuit, the input terminal of which receives a preset voltage output from a preset voltage source, the output terminal of which is connected to a first input terminal of the comparator circuit 141, and the first voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the preset voltage into the first input voltage; and / or

[0149] The second voltage divider circuit has its input terminal connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell and its output terminal connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 141. The second voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the voltage of the battery cell into the second input voltage.

[0150] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor. A first terminal of the first resistor is connected to the preset voltage source, and a second terminal of the first resistor is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor and a first input terminal of the comparator circuit 141. The second terminal of the second resistor is grounded; and / or

[0151] The second voltage divider circuit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 141, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded.

[0152] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the charging protection circuit further includes: a delay circuit, wherein the input terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the output terminal of the second voltage divider circuit, and the output terminal of the delay circuit is grounded, so as to perform delay processing on the second input voltage.

[0153] Optionally, in this embodiment, the charging protection circuit further includes: a first filtering circuit, configured to receive the first input voltage at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 141, to filter the received first input voltage and output the filtered first input voltage to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit 141; and / or

[0154] The second filtering circuit is configured to receive the second input voltage at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 141, so as to filter the received second input voltage and output the filtered second input voltage to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 141.

[0155] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first filtering circuit includes a first filtering resistor and a first filtering capacitor. A first terminal of the first filtering resistor receives the first input voltage. A second terminal of the first filtering resistor is connected to a first terminal of the first filtering capacitor and a first input terminal of the comparator circuit 141. The second terminal of the first filtering capacitor is grounded; and / or

[0156] The second filter circuit includes a second filter resistor and a second filter capacitor. The first end of the second filter resistor receives the second input voltage. The second end of the second filter resistor is connected to the first end of the second filter capacitor and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 141. The second end of the second filter capacitor is grounded.

[0157] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the charging protection circuit further includes: a power supply circuit, the input terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the output terminal of which is connected to the first input terminal of the comparison, configured to convert the voltage of the battery cell into the first input voltage.

[0158] Optionally, in this embodiment, the charging protection circuit further includes: a trigger circuit, wherein the input terminal of the trigger circuit is configured to receive the comparison signal, and the output terminal is connected to the switching circuit 142. The trigger circuit is configured to output a control signal to the switching circuit 142 according to the comparison signal, the control signal being used to control the switching of the charging circuit; wherein, when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage, the control signal is used to control the switching circuit 142 to cut off the charging circuit.

[0159] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the charging protection circuit further includes: a protection circuit, including a first capacitor, a diode and a transient voltage suppression diode, wherein the first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell and the first terminal of the diode, the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded to the second terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode, and the second terminal of the diode is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit 141.

[0160] It should be understood that the charging protection circuit 14, the comparator circuit 141, and the on / off circuit 142 can be, for example, [missing information - likely related to specific circuits or devices]. Figure 1 The charging protection circuit 12, the comparator circuit 121, and the switching circuit 122 are described in detail below. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0161] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: At least one battery cell; A charging protection circuit is connected to the at least one battery cell, and the charging protection circuit includes a comparison circuit and an on / off circuit. The comparison circuit is configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage during charging, and output a comparison signal based on the comparison result of the first input voltage and the second input voltage. The first input voltage indicates a charging voltage threshold, and the second input voltage indicates the voltage of a portion of the battery cells in the at least one battery cell. The on / off circuit is configured to cut off the charging circuit of the battery when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage; The number of the comparison circuits is greater than the number of the on / off circuits.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the at least one battery cell is connected to each of the comparison circuits in the comparison circuit.

3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of comparison circuits is less than the number of the at least one battery cell, and the comparison circuits are connected to a portion of the at least one battery cell.

4. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of on / off circuits is one, and the output terminal of the comparator circuit is connected to one of the on / off circuits.

5. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The charging protection circuit also includes: A first voltage divider circuit, wherein the input terminal of the first voltage divider circuit receives a preset voltage output from a preset voltage source, and the output terminal of the first voltage divider circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit, and the first voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the preset voltage into the first input voltage; and / or A second voltage divider circuit is configured to divide the voltage of the battery cell into the second input voltage. The input terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the output terminal of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit.

6. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor. A first terminal of the first resistor is connected to the preset voltage source, and a second terminal of the first resistor is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor and a first input terminal of the comparator circuit. The second terminal of the second resistor is grounded; and / or The second voltage divider circuit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded.

7. The battery according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The charging protection circuit also includes: A delay circuit is provided, wherein the input terminal of the delay circuit is connected to the output terminal of the second voltage divider circuit, and the output terminal of the delay circuit is grounded, so as to delay the second input voltage.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The charging protection circuit also includes: A first filtering circuit is configured to receive the first input voltage at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit, to filter the received first input voltage and output the filtered first input voltage to the first input terminal of the comparator circuit; and / or The second filtering circuit is configured to receive the second input voltage at its input terminal and connect its output terminal to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit, so as to filter the received second input voltage and output the filtered second input voltage to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit.

9. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first filter circuit includes a first filter resistor and a first filter capacitor. A first terminal of the first filter resistor receives the first input voltage. A second terminal of the first filter resistor is connected to a first terminal of the first filter capacitor and a first input terminal of the comparator circuit. The second terminal of the first filter capacitor is grounded; and / or The second filter circuit includes a second filter resistor and a second filter capacitor. The first end of the second filter resistor receives the second input voltage. The second end of the second filter resistor is connected to the first end of the second filter capacitor and the second input terminal of the comparator circuit. The second end of the second filter capacitor is grounded.

10. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The charging protection circuit also includes: A power supply circuit, wherein the input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the comparison, and is configured to convert the voltage of the battery cell into the first input voltage.

11. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The charging protection circuit also includes: A trigger circuit, wherein the input terminal of the trigger circuit is configured to receive the comparison signal, and the output terminal is connected to the on / off circuit, and the trigger circuit is configured to output a control signal to the on / off circuit according to the comparison signal, the control signal being used to control the on / off state of the charging circuit; When the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage, the control signal is used to control the on / off circuit to cut off the charging circuit.

12. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The charging protection circuit also includes: The protection circuit includes a first capacitor, a diode, and a transient voltage suppression diode. The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell and the first terminal of the diode. The second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded to the second terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode. The second terminal of the diode and the first terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode are connected to the second input terminal of the comparator circuit.

13. A charging protection circuit, characterized in that, include: A comparison circuit is configured to receive a first input voltage and a second input voltage during charging, and output a comparison signal based on the comparison result of the first input voltage and the second input voltage, wherein the first input voltage indicates a charging voltage threshold and the second input voltage indicates the voltage of a single battery cell. The on / off circuit is configured to disconnect the charging circuit of the battery when the comparison signal indicates that the second input voltage is greater than or equal to the first input voltage; The number of the comparison circuits is greater than the number of the on / off circuits.

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