Formula and preparation method of pig feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a pig feed formula and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry feed. The problems that existing pig feed depends on soybean protein, the breeding cost is high, the feed conversion rate is low, the pork quality is poor, and live pigs are prone to stress are solved. The formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35% of corn, 15% of cavings, 15% of brewer's grains, 8% of barley grass, 8% of carrots, 27% of protein worms, 1% of grass water ash, 4% of haws, 2% of eggshell powder, 3% of calcium bentonite, 1% of table salt, 10% of immediate milk and 500ml / 100kg of beer. The brewer's grains, protein worms and the like are used for replacing soybean protein, so that the breeding cost is reduced; the feed conversion rate is increased through the hawthorn and the calcium bentonite, the meat quality is improved through oxidation resistance of the carrots, stress is reduced through the beer and the hawthorn, and the feed is suitable for large-scale breeding of live pigs.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of livestock feed, in particular to a formula of pig feed and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the pig breeding industry, feed is a key factor affecting the growth rate of pigs, meat quality and breeding cost. At present, most of the pig feeds on the market use soybean protein as the main source of protein to meet the demand for protein during the growth of pigs. However, the soybean yield in China is low, which cannot meet the large demand for soybean protein in the domestic breeding industry, resulting in the need to import a large amount of soybeans from abroad every year, which is also easily affected by the price fluctuations of the international soybean market, increasing the breeding cost.

[0003] At the same time, some of the existing pig feeds have unreasonable nutritional ratios, for example, some feeds lack effective antioxidant ingredients, which can easily cause fat oxidation and rancidity problems in pigs during growth, thereby causing undesirable flavors in pork and affecting the quality of pork; some feeds lack ingredients that can promote the digestion and absorption of pigs, resulting in low feed conversion rate, which not only wastes feed resources, but also affects the growth rate of pigs; in addition, some pigs are easily affected by stress factors during breeding, resulting in stress meat and reducing the commodity value of pork.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a pig feed formula and a preparation method thereof, which can reduce the use of soybean protein, ensure the required protein for pig growth, improve feed conversion rate, improve pork quality, and reduce the stress response of pigs. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, such as the dependence of pig feed on soybean protein, high breeding cost, low feed conversion rate, poor pork quality, and the easy stress response of pigs, and provides a formula of pig feed and a preparation method thereof. The pig feed formula does not need to rely on soybean protein to provide sufficient protein for pigs, which reduces the breeding cost, and also improves the feed conversion rate, improves the pork quality, and reduces the stress response of pigs.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A formula of pig feed, by weight percentage, comprising the following raw materials: corn 32%-38%, bran 12%-15%, beer lees 15%-16%, barley grass 7%-8%, carrot 7%-8%, protein worm 2%-3%, grass ash 1%, hawthorn 4%-5%, eggshell powder 1%-2%, calcium bentonite 2%-3%, salt 1%, near-term milk 10%-12%, and beer 500ml / 100kg feed.

[0008] The brewer's grains are either fresh brewer's grains or dried brewer's grains. Fresh brewer's grains have a water content of 60%-65%, while dried brewer's grains have a crude protein content of 25%-30%.

[0009] The protein worms are dried mealworm larvae or dried superworm larvae, with a crude protein content of not less than 50%.

[0010] Furthermore, by weight percentage, the feed includes the following ingredients: 35% corn, 15% rice bran, 15% brewer's grains, 8% barley grass, 8% carrot, 2% plantain worm, 1% grass ash, 4% hawthorn, 2% eggshell powder, 3% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 10% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed.

[0011] Furthermore, by weight percentage, the feed includes the following ingredients: 38% corn, 12% rice bran, 16% brewer's grains, 7% barley grass, 7% carrot, 2% plantain, 1% grass ash, 5% hawthorn, 1% eggshell powder, 2% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 12% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed.

[0012] Furthermore, by weight percentage, the feed includes the following ingredients: 40% corn, 14% rice bran, 15% brewer's grains, 7% barley grass, 7% carrot, 2% plantain, 1% grass ash, 4% hawthorn, 1% eggshell powder, 2% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 10% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed.

[0013] A method for preparing pig feed includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Raw material pretreatment

[0015] (1) After cleaning the corn to remove impurities, crush it and pass it through an 80-100 mesh sieve to obtain corn flour;

[0016] (2) After screening the rice bran to remove large particles of impurities, dry it at 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours, and control the moisture content of the rice bran to 12%-14%.

[0017] (3) If the beer lees are fresh beer lees, filter to remove excess water until the moisture content is 60%-65%; if they are dry beer lees, crush them and pass them through a 60-80 mesh sieve.

[0018] (4) After washing the barley grass, chop it into 1-2cm pieces and dry it at 55-65℃ for 3-4 hours, controlling the moisture content of the barley grass to be 10%-12%.

[0019] (5) Wash the carrots and dice them to 0.5-1cm.

[0020] (6) the dried protein worm is crushed to pass through a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain protein worm powder;

[0021] (7) the ground grass water slurry is crushed to pass through a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain fine grass water slurry powder;

[0022] (8) the washed hawthorn is dried at 50-60°C for 3-4 hours to control the water content of the hawthorn to be 10%-12%, and then the dried hawthorn is crushed to pass through a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain hawthorn powder;

[0023] (9) the washed eggshell is sterilized at 120-130°C for 30-40 minutes, and then dried at 70-80°C for 2-3 hours to control the water content of the eggshell to be 5%-8%, and then the dried eggshell is crushed to pass through a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain eggshell powder;

[0024] (10) the ground calcium bentonite is crushed to pass through a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain fine calcium bentonite powder;

[0025] S2: mixing and stirring

[0026] The pretreated corn powder, bran, beer lees, barley grass, carrot cubes, protein worm powder, fine grass water slurry powder, hawthorn powder, eggshell powder, fine calcium bentonite powder, and salt are weighed and put into a mixing and stirring device, and are preliminarily mixed at a speed of 100-150 r / min for 10-15 minutes; then the near-expiration milk and beer are added, and the mixture is continuously mixed at a speed of 200-250 r / min for 20-30 minutes to obtain a mixed material;

[0027] S3: granulation

[0028] The mixed material is sent into a granulation device, and the ring die aperture of the granulation device is controlled to be 3-5 mm, and the granulation temperature is controlled to be 80-90°C, and then the granulation is performed to obtain pig feed granules;

[0029] S4: cooling and drying

[0030] The pig feed granules are sent into a cooling device, and are cooled to 20-25°C, and the cooling time is 30-40 minutes; then the cooled pig feed granules are sent into a drying device, and are dried at 50-60°C for 1-2 hours to control the water content of the pig feed granules to be 8%-10%, and then the dried pig feed granules are obtained as a finished product.

[0031] Further, in S3, when the pig feed for piglets is prepared, the ring die aperture of the granulation device is 3 mm, and the granulation temperature is 80°C; when the pig feed for growing pigs is prepared, the ring die aperture of the granulation device is 4 mm, and the granulation temperature is 85°C; and when the pig feed for breeding pigs is prepared, the ring die aperture of the granulation device is 5 mm, and the granulation temperature is 90°C.

[0032] The roles of each raw material are as follows:

[0033] Corn: As the core energy source, it provides the main driving force for the growth and development of pigs, meeting the energy needs of daily activities and metabolism.

[0034] Wheat bran: It acts as a filler, increasing the volume of feed while stimulating pig gastrointestinal peristalsis, promoting intestinal digestion, and effectively preventing constipation in pigs.

[0035] Beer lees: Rich in protein, with a crude protein content of 25%-30% in dry beer lees, it can provide sufficient protein for pig growth, replacing soybean protein in traditional feed and reducing dependence on soybean protein.

[0036] Near-expiry milk: It not only supplements protein and energy for pigs but also supplies calcium, promoting bone development and body growth, and increasing the growth rate of pigs.

[0037] Barley grass: Rich in protein, vitamins A, C, E, and B vitamins, it can supplement protein and vitamins for pigs, meeting their nutritional needs during growth and promoting healthy growth.

[0038] Carrots: Rich in β-carotene, a natural antioxidant that effectively prevents the oxidation and spoilage of fat in pigs, avoids undesirable flavors in pork, ensures the inherent aroma of pork, and improves pork quality.

[0039] Hawthorn: It has the functions of invigorating the stomach and promoting digestion, improving feed conversion in pigs, reducing feed waste, preventing stress reactions, avoiding stress meat, improving the commercial value of pork, and aiding fat metabolism, resulting in more uniform fat deposition and better intramuscular fat distribution, making pork more juicy and tender.

[0040] Protein worms: Rich in protein, they can supplement a large amount of protein for pigs, improve their immunity, and enhance their disease resistance; at the same time, they can also make intramuscular fat deposition better, further improving the taste and juiciness of pork and improving pork quality.

[0041] A small amount of beer: It can effectively reduce the stress response of pigs during breeding, keep them in a good growth state, and avoid the impact of stress factors on pig growth and pork quality.

[0042] Grass water ash: contains potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and other mineral elements, can supplement the required mineral elements for live pigs, meet the demand for mineral elements in the growth process of live pigs; at the same time, grass water ash also has detoxification effect, can help live pigs to expel harmful substances in the body, promote the healthy growth of live pigs.

[0043] Eggshell powder: the main component is calcium carbonate, which can supplement calcium for live pigs, promote the development of live pig bones, prevent live pigs from having bone diseases caused by calcium deficiency, and ensure the normal growth of live pigs.

[0044] Calcium bentonite: has good adsorption and ion exchange, can prolong the residence time of feed in the digestive tract of live pigs, make the nutrients in the feed more fully digested and absorbed, and improve the utilization rate of feed.

[0045] Salt: as a life element, can supplement sodium and chlorine for live pigs, maintain normal osmotic pressure and acid-base balance in live pigs, and ensure the normal physiological functions of live pigs.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0047] 1. Significant substitution effect of soybean meal: without adding soybean protein, sufficient protein is provided by a variety of raw materials, meeting the needs of live pigs at each growth stage, and responding to the national policy of reducing the amount of soybean meal substitution.

[0048] 2. The breeding cost is greatly reduced: the raw materials are mainly industrial by-products or near-term resources, the procurement cost is low, and the feed utilization rate is high, so the comprehensive breeding cost is obviously reduced.

[0049] 3. Growth performance is improved: promote the growth of live pigs, shorten the breeding period, and at the same time, enhance the immunity of live pigs, reduce the health risk in the breeding process.

[0050] 4. The quality of pork is obviously improved: inhibit fat oxidation and rancidity, improve intramuscular fat deposition, improve the juiciness of pork, avoid bad flavor, and ensure the quality of pork.

[0051] 5. Outstanding stress resistance: effectively relieve the stress reaction of live pigs in the breeding process, avoid stress meat, and improve the commodity value of pork. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0053] Figure 1A whole process flow chart for preparing the pig feed of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 A sub-process flow chart for pretreating raw materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] For the purposes of making the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0056] A formula of a pig feed, including the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 35%, wheat bran 15%, beer lees 15%, barley grass 8%, carrot 8%, protein worm 2%, grass water ash 1%, hawthorn 4%, eggshell powder 2%, calcium-based bentonite 3%, table salt 1%, fresh milk 10%, and a small amount of beer (1 bottle of beer is added for preparing 100 kg of the pig feed, and the net content of each bottle of beer is 500 ml).

[0057] Embodiment 1

[0058] A formula of a pig feed, including the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 35%, wheat bran 15%, beer lees 15%, barley grass 8%, carrot 8%, protein worm 2%, grass water ash 1%, hawthorn 4%, eggshell powder 2%, calcium-based bentonite 3%, table salt 1%, fresh milk 10%, and 1 bottle (500 ml) of beer.

[0059] A preparation method of the pig feed, including the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: pretreatment of raw materials

[0061] 1. After the corn is cleaned, it is crushed and passed through a 80-mesh sieve to obtain corn powder, which is reserved.

[0062] 2. After the wheat bran is screened, it is dried at 60°C for 2 hours, and the water content is controlled to be 12%, which is reserved.

[0063] 3. After the beer lees is filtered, the water content is controlled to be 60%, which is reserved.

[0064] 4. After the barley grass is washed, it is cut into pieces of 1 cm, and then dried at 55°C for 3 hours, and the water content is controlled to be 10%, which is reserved.

[0065] 5. After the carrot is washed, it is cut into 0.5 cm cubes, which is reserved.

[0066] 6. After the protein insect is cleaned, it is dried at 50℃ for 4 hours, and the water content is controlled at 8%. After being crushed, it is passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain protein insect powder, which is ready for use.

[0067] 7. After the grass water ash is ground, it is passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain fine grass water ash powder, which is ready for use.

[0068] 8. After the hawthorn is cleaned, it is dried at 50℃ for 3 hours, and the water content is controlled at 10%. After being crushed, it is passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain hawthorn powder, which is ready for use.

[0069] 9. After the eggshell is cleaned, it is sterilized at 120℃ for 30 minutes, and then dried at 70℃ for 2 hours, and the water content is controlled at 5%. After being crushed, it is passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain eggshell powder, which is ready for use.

[0070] 10. After the calcium bentonite is ground, it is passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain fine calcium bentonite powder, which is ready for use.

[0071] 11. After the near-expiry milk is detected to be qualified, it is placed in a stirring tank, which is ready for use.

[0072] 12. The beer is opened and ready for use.

[0073] Step two: mixing and stirring

[0074] The above pretreated raw materials are weighed and placed in a mixing and stirring device. After being preliminarily mixed at a speed of 100 r / min for 10 minutes, the near-expiry milk and beer are added and continuously mixed at a speed of 200 r / min for 20 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0075] Step three: granulation

[0076] The mixture is sent to a granulation device, and the ring mold aperture is 3 mm, and the granulation temperature is 80℃ to obtain pig feed granules.

[0077] Step four: cooling and drying

[0078] The pig feed granules are cooled to 20℃ in a cooling device for 30 minutes, and then dried at 50℃ for 1 hour, and the water content is controlled at 8% to obtain finished pig feed.

[0079] Step five: screening and packaging

[0080] Unqualified granules are removed by screening, and sterile packaging materials are used for packaging, 20 kg / bag, and the final product is obtained after sealing.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] A formula of pig feed, including the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 35%, bran 15%, beer dregs 15%, barley grass 8%, carrot 8%, protein worm 27%, grass water ash 1%, hawthorn 4%, eggshell powder 2%, calcium bentonite 3%, salt 1%, near-term milk 10%, and beer 1 bottle (500ml).

[0083] The preparation method of the pig feed, including the following steps:

[0084] Step one: raw material pretreatment

[0085] 1. Corn is cleaned and crushed, and then passed through a 90-mesh sieve to obtain corn powder for standby.

[0086] 2. Bran is screened and dried at 65°C for 2.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 13% for standby.

[0087] 3. Beer dregs are dry beer dregs, which are crushed and passed through a 70-mesh sieve for standby.

[0088] 4. Barley grass is washed and cut into 1.5 cm, and then dried at 60°C for 3.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 11% for standby.

[0089] 5. Carrot is washed and cut into 0.8 cm for standby.

[0090] 6. Protein worm is washed and dried at 55°C for 4.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 9%, and then crushed and passed through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain protein worm powder for standby.

[0091] 7. Grass water ash is ground and passed through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain fine grass water ash powder for standby.

[0092] 8. Hawthorn is washed and dried at 55°C for 3.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 11%, and then crushed and passed through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain hawthorn powder for standby.

[0093] 9. Eggshell is washed, sterilized at 125°C for 35 minutes, and then dried at 75°C for 2.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 6.5%, and then crushed and passed through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain eggshell powder for standby.

[0094] 10. Calcium bentonite is ground and passed through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain fine calcium bentonite powder for standby.

[0095] 11. Near-term milk is detected and qualified, and then placed in a stirring tank for standby.

[0096] 12. Beer is opened for standby.

[0097] Step two: mixing and stirring

[0098] The pretreated raw materials were weighed and put into a mixing and stirring device, and were preliminarily mixed at a rotating speed of 120 r / min for 12 minutes; then fresh milk and beer were added, and mixing was continued at a rotating speed of 220 r / min for 25 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0099] Step three: granulation

[0100] The mixture was sent into a granulation device, and granulation was performed at a temperature of 85°C to obtain pig feed granules.

[0101] Step four: cooling and drying

[0102] The pig feed granules were cooled in a cooling device to 22°C for 35 minutes, and then were dried at 55°C for 1.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 9%, to obtain finished pig feed.

[0103] Step five: screening and packaging

[0104] Unqualified granules were removed by screening, and the pig feed was packaged in sterile packaging materials as 50 kg / bag, and the final product was obtained after sealing.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] A pig feed formula included the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 35%, wheat bran 15%, beer lees 15%, barley grass 8%, carrot 8%, protein worm 27%, grass water ash 1%, hawthorn 4%, eggshell powder 2%, calcium bentonite 3%, salt 1%, fresh milk 10%, and beer 1 bottle (500 ml).

[0107] The preparation method of the pig feed included the following steps:

[0108] Step one: pretreatment of raw materials

[0109] 1. The corn was cleaned and crushed to pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain corn powder, which was used as needed.

[0110] 2. The wheat bran was screened and dried at 70°C for 3 hours, with the water content controlled at 14%, which was used as needed.

[0111] 3. The beer lees were filtered to have a water content of 65%, which was used as needed.

[0112] 4. The barley grass was washed and cut into pieces of 2 cm, and was dried at 65°C for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 12%, which was used as needed.

[0113] 5. The carrot was washed and cut into 1-cm cubes, which was used as needed.

[0114] 6. The protein worm was washed and dried at 60°C for 5 hours, with the water content controlled at 10%, which was crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain protein worm powder, which was used as needed.

[0115] 7. The grass water slurry is ground and sieved through a 120 mesh screen to obtain fine grass water slurry powder, which is ready for use.

[0116] 8. The hawthorn is cleaned and dried at 60°C for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 12%. After being ground and sieved through an 80 mesh screen, hawthorn powder is obtained, which is ready for use.

[0117] 9. The eggshell is cleaned, sterilized at 130°C for 40 minutes, and then dried at 80°C for 3 hours, with the water content controlled at 8%. After being ground and sieved through a 120 mesh screen, eggshell powder is obtained, which is ready for use.

[0118] 10. The calcium bentonite is ground and sieved through a 120 mesh screen to obtain fine calcium bentonite powder, which is ready for use.

[0119] 11. The near-term milk is detected and qualified, and then placed in a stirring tank, which is ready for use.

[0120] 12. The beer is opened and ready for use.

[0121] Step two: mixing and stirring

[0122] The above pretreated raw materials are weighed and placed in a mixing and stirring device. After being preliminarily mixed at a speed of 150 r / min for 15 minutes, the near-term milk and beer are added and continuously mixed at a speed of 250 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0123] Step three: granulation

[0124] The mixture is sent to a granulation device, with a ring die aperture of 5 mm and a granulation temperature of 90°C, to obtain pig feed granules.

[0125] Step four: cooling and drying

[0126] The pig feed granules are cooled to 25°C in a cooling device for 40 minutes, and then dried at 60°C for 2 hours, with the water content controlled at 10%, to obtain finished pig feed.

[0127] Step five: screening and packaging

[0128] Unqualified granules are removed by screening, and then packaged in sterile packaging materials as 40 kg / bag. After being sealed, the final product is obtained.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] A formula of a special pig feed for fattening pigs includes, by weight percentage, the following raw materials: corn 38%, bran 12%, beer lees 16%, barley grass 7%, carrot 7%, protein worm 25%, grass water slurry 1%, hawthorn 5%, eggshell powder 1%, calcium bentonite 2%, salt 1%, near-term milk 12%, and beer 1 bottle (500 ml, for preparing 100 kg of feed).

[0131] The method for preparing the pig feed comprises the following steps:

[0132] Step 1: Pretreatment of raw materials

[0133] 1. After the corn is cleaned, it is crushed and passed through a 90-mesh sieve to obtain corn powder, which is reserved.

[0134] 2. After the bran is screened, it is dried at 65°C for 2.5 hours, and the water content is controlled at 13%, which is reserved.

[0135] 3. The beer lees are dry beer lees, which are crushed and passed through a 70-mesh sieve, and reserved.

[0136] 4. After the barley grass is washed, it is cut into 1.5 cm pieces and dried at 60°C for 3 hours, and the water content is controlled at 11%, which is reserved.

[0137] 5. After the carrots are washed, they are cut into 0.8 cm cubes and reserved.

[0138] 6. After the mealworms are washed, they are dried at 55°C for 4 hours, and the water content is controlled at 9%. After crushing, they are passed through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain mealworm powder, which is reserved.

[0139] 7. After the grass ash is ground, it is passed through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain fine grass ash powder, which is reserved.

[0140] 8. After the hawthorn is washed, it is dried at 55°C for 3.5 hours, and the water content is controlled at 11%. After crushing, it is passed through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain hawthorn powder, which is reserved.

[0141] 9. After the eggshells are washed, they are sterilized at 125°C for 35 minutes, and then dried at 75°C for 2.5 hours, and the water content is controlled at 7%. After crushing, they are passed through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain eggshell powder, which is reserved.

[0142] 10. After the calcium bentonite is ground, it is passed through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain fine calcium bentonite powder, which is reserved.

[0143] 11. After the near-expired milk is detected to be qualified, it is placed in a stirring tank, which is reserved.

[0144] 12. The beer is opened and reserved.

[0145] Step 2: Mixing and stirring

[0146] The above pretreated raw materials are weighed and placed in a mixing and stirring device. After preliminary mixing at a speed of 130 r / min for 13 minutes, near-expired milk and beer are added, and the mixing and stirring are continued at a speed of 230 r / min for 28 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0147] Step 3: Granulation

[0148] The mixture is sent to a granulating device, the ring die aperture is 4 mm, and the granulating temperature is 85°C, to obtain pig feed granules.

[0149] Step four: cooling and drying

[0150] The pig feed granules are cooled in a cooling device to 23°C for 35 minutes, and then dried at 55°C for 1.5 hours, with the water content controlled at 9%, to obtain finished pig feed.

[0151] Step five: screening and packaging

[0152] The unqualified granules are removed by screening, and sterile packaging material is used for packaging into bags of 50 kg each, and the final product is obtained after sealing.

[0153] Comparative example (traditional soybean protein feed)

[0154] A formula of a traditional soybean protein pig feed includes the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 35%, soybean meal 25%, rice bran 15%, wheat bran 10%, fish meal 5%, calcium carbonate 2%, salt 1%, and premix 7%.

[0155] The preparation method thereof refers to the conventional feed granulation process, including the steps of raw material crushing, mixing, granulation, cooling and drying, and packaging.

[0156] Comparative example (traditional soybean protein feed)

[0157] A formula of a traditional soybean protein pig feed includes the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 35%, soybean meal 25%, rice bran 15%, wheat bran 10%, fish meal 5%, calcium carbonate 2%, salt 1%, and premix 7%.

[0158] The preparation method thereof refers to the conventional feed granulation process, including the steps of raw material crushing, mixing, granulation, cooling and drying, and packaging.

[0159] Test example (performance verification)

[0160] Test materials and design

[0161] 1. Test animals: 120 healthy three-way crossbred pigs with a body weight of (30±2) kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, each group of 30 pigs, namely Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, Example 4 group, and Comparative Example group.

[0162] 2. Test period: 120 days.

[0163] 3. Feeding management: the pigs in each group were subjected to the same feeding environment, feeding density, and management mode, and were allowed to freely eat and drink, and the daily feed intake was recorded.

[0164] 4. Detection index: after the experiment, the average daily weight gain, feed conversion rate, stress reaction rate of each group of pigs were measured, and the intramuscular fat content, drip loss and flavor score of pork were also detected (10 professional evaluators were used to score by 10 points).

[0165] Table 1 test results

[0166] Indicators Example 1 group Example 2 group Example 3 group Example 4 group Comparative example group Average daily weight gain (g) 826 842 835 868 752 Feed conversion ratio 2.31 2.28 2.30 2.25 2.64 Stress reaction incidence (%) 3.3 3.3 0 0 16.7 Intramuscular fat content (%) 3.6 3.8 3.7 4.2 2.8 Drip loss (%) 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.8 3.2 Flavor score (points) 8.6 8.8 8.7 9.2 7.2

[0167] From the above test results, it can be seen that the average daily weight gain of pigs fed with the feed of embodiments 1-4 of the present application is increased by 9.8%-15.4% compared with the comparative examples, the feed conversion rate is reduced by 12.9%-14.8%, and the stress reaction rate is significantly reduced (as low as 0), which fully reflects the advantages of the present formula in promoting growth, improving feed utilization and anti-stress. In terms of meat quality, the intramuscular fat content of pork in the present application group is increased by 28.6%-50% compared with the comparative examples, the drip loss is reduced by 37.5%-43.8%, and the flavor score is increased by 19.4%-27.8%, which proves that the present formula can effectively improve the quality of pork. At the same time, the soybean meal accounts for 25% in the comparative examples, while the present application does not use soybean protein, and the cost of each ton of feed is reduced by 180-220 yuan compared with the comparative examples, which meets the policy requirements of the "Three-year Action Plan for Reducing the Amount of Soybean Meal for Feed".

[0168] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A formula for pig feed, characterized in that, By weight percentage, the feed includes the following ingredients: 32%-38% corn, 12%-15% rice bran, 15%-16% brewer's grains, 7%-8% barley straw, 7%-8% carrots, 2%-3% plantains, 1% grass ash, 4%-5% hawthorn, 1%-2% eggshell powder, 2%-3% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 10%-12% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed. The brewer's grains are either fresh brewer's grains or dried brewer's grains. Fresh brewer's grains have a water content of 60%-65%, while dried brewer's grains have a crude protein content of 25%-30%. The protein worms are dried mealworm larvae or dried superworm larvae, with a crude protein content of not less than 50%.

2. The pig feed formula according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight percentage, the following ingredients are included: 35% corn, 15% rice bran, 15% brewer's grains, 8% barley grass, 8% carrot, 2% plantain worm, 1% grass ash, 4% hawthorn, 2% eggshell powder, 3% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 10% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed.

3. The pig feed formula according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight percentage, the feed contains the following ingredients: 38% corn, 12% rice bran, 16% brewer's grains, 7% barley grass, 7% carrot, 2% plantain, 1% grass ash, 5% hawthorn, 1% eggshell powder, 2% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 12% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed.

4. The pig feed formula according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight percentage, the following ingredients are included: 40% corn, 14% rice bran, 15% brewer's grains, 7% barley grass, 7% carrot, 2% plantain, 1% grass ash, 4% hawthorn, 1% eggshell powder, 2% calcium-based bentonite, 1% salt, 10% near-expiry milk, and 500ml of beer per 100kg of feed.

5. A method for preparing pig feed as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Raw material pretreatment (1) After cleaning the corn to remove impurities, crush it and pass it through an 80-100 mesh sieve to obtain corn flour; (2) After screening the rice bran to remove large particles of impurities, dry it at 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours, and control the moisture content of the rice bran to 12%-14%. (3) If the beer lees are fresh beer lees, filter to remove excess water until the moisture content is 60%-65%; if the beer lees are dry, crush them and pass them through a 60-80 mesh sieve. (4) After washing the barley grass, chop it into 1-2cm pieces and dry it at 55-65℃ for 3-4 hours, controlling the moisture content of the barley grass to be 10%-12%. (5) Wash the carrots and dice them to 0.5-1cm. (6) After washing the plantains, dry them at 50-60℃ for 4-5 hours, control the moisture content of the plantains to be 8%-10%, crush them and pass them through a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain plantain powder. (7) Grind the straw water ash and pass it through a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain fine straw water ash powder; (8) After washing the hawthorn and removing the rotten parts, dry it at 50-60℃ for 3-4 hours, control the moisture content of the hawthorn to 10%-12%, pulverize it and pass it through a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain hawthorn powder; (9) After washing the eggshells, sterilize them at 120-130℃ for 30-40 minutes, then dry them at 70-80℃ for 2-3 hours, controlling the moisture content of the eggshells to 5%-8%, crush them and pass them through a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain eggshell powder. (10) Grind the calcium-based bentonite and pass it through a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain fine calcium-based bentonite powder; S2: Mixing and stirring Weigh out the pretreated corn flour, rice bran, brewer's grains, barley straw, diced carrots, protein insect powder, fine grass ash powder, hawthorn powder, eggshell powder, fine calcium-based bentonite powder, and salt, and put them into a mixing device. Mix them initially at 100-150 r / min for 10-15 minutes. Then add near-expiry milk and beer, and continue mixing at 200-250 r / min for 20-30 minutes to obtain the mixture. S3: Granulation The mixture is fed into a pelleting equipment. The ring die diameter of the pelleting equipment is controlled to be 3-5mm and the pelleting temperature is 80-90℃. After pelleting, pig feed pellets are obtained. S4: Cooling and Drying Pig feed pellets are fed into a cooling device and cooled to 20-25℃ for 30-40 minutes. The cooled pig feed pellets are then fed into a drying device and dried at 50-60℃ for 1-2 hours, controlling the moisture content of the pig feed pellets to 8%-10%, to obtain the finished pig feed.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S3, when preparing piglet feed, the ring die diameter of the pelleting equipment is 3mm and the pelleting temperature is 80℃; when preparing fattening pig feed, the ring die diameter of the pelleting equipment is 4mm and the pelleting temperature is 85℃; when preparing breeding pig feed, the ring die diameter of the pelleting equipment is 5mm and the pelleting temperature is 90℃.

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