Coloring agent added to broiler feed as well as preparation method and application of coloring agent

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, and discloses a coloring agent added to broiler feed as well as a preparation method and application of the coloring agent. Based on the total mass of the broiler feed, the coloring agent added to the broiler feed comprises the following components: 0.5 wt%-2.0 wt% of grease, 0.2 wt%-1.5 wt% of pigment and 0.01 wt%-0.1 wt% of a fat-soluble antioxidant. According to the broiler chicken feed containing the coloring agent, in the feeding cycle of 14-21 days, the breast skin color of capons with poor coloring can be improved by about 1.5 degrees, the chromaticity of the shanks can be improved by 2-3 degrees, the capons with poor appearance quality can be improved to the ideal chromaticity range purchased in the market, and the commodity grade and the selling price are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed additive technology, and in particular to a colorant for use in broiler feed, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In yellow-feathered broiler farming, skin and leg coloration are crucial indicators of appearance quality, directly impacting market acceptance and economic value. Lutein and canthaxanthin are two commonly used pigment sources for chicken coloring. Natural lutein (such as that extracted from marigolds) tends to give skin a light yellow hue, while chemically synthesized lutein (such as apocyanide) tends to give skin an orange-red hue. Canthaxanthin (such as benzoyl peroxide) is particularly effective at coloring chicken feet and beaks. However, pigment deposition is influenced by various factors, including pigment source, formulation ratio, application time, and breed differences. Studies have shown that different pigment ratios and application times significantly affect the coloring effect in yellow-feathered broilers.

[0003] Furthermore, as a fat-soluble substance, lutein's absorption and deposition are highly dependent on the fat content of the diet. High levels of short-chain saturated fatty acids and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids can promote lutein absorption, but oil oxidation can damage the lutein structure, especially under high-temperature conditions, leading to loss of coloring function. Anti-nutritional factors present in feed, such as erucic acid, glucosinolates, tannins, phytic acid, cyclopropene fatty acids, and lipoxygenases, can also inhibit normal pigment deposition.

[0004] In Guangdong and Guangxi provinces of my country, there is a tradition of raising capons (roosters whose testicles have been removed). At market age, the leg color is required to be 7-10 degrees and the skin color 4-7 degrees. However, in actual farming, due to management oversights or disease, chickens often exhibit poor coloring, with breast color only 1-2 degrees and leg color only around 5 degrees, severely limiting their market price.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an exogenous additive solution that can quickly and effectively improve the coloration of capons' skin and shanks, in order to compensate for the insufficient coloration of conventional feed and meet market demand. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a colorant that can be added to broiler feed.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing such a colorant to be added to broiler feed.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to provide a broiler feed.

[0009] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide an application of this broiler feed.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: The first aspect of the present application provides a colorant added to broiler feed, wherein the colorant comprises the following components: oil 0.5wt%-1.5wt%, pigment 0.2wt%-1.5wt%, and fat-soluble antioxidant 0.01wt%-0.1wt%, based on the total mass of the broiler feed.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the colorant comprises the following components: oil 1.0wt%-2.0wt%, pigment 0.5wt%-1.0wt%, and fat-soluble antioxidant 0.01wt%-0.05wt%, based on the total mass of the broiler feed.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the oil is selected from at least one of chicken oil, duck oil, goose oil, lard, beef tallow, mutton tallow, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, and sunflower seed oil.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the oil is chicken oil.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the pigment is a complex of yellow pigment and red pigment; the content of the yellow pigment is 0.16wt%-1.2wt%, and the content of the red pigment is 0.04wt%-0.3wt%, based on the total mass of the broiler feed.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the pigment is a complex of yellow pigment and red pigment; the content of the yellow pigment is 0.4wt%-0.8wt%, and the content of the red pigment is 0.1wt%-0.2wt%, based on the total mass of the broiler feed.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the red pigment is selected from at least one of canthaxanthin and astaxanthin.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the red pigment is canthaxanthin.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the yellow pigment is a complex of natural lutein and chemically synthesized lutein; the content of the natural lutein is 0.15wt%-1.15wt%, and the content of the chemically synthesized lutein is 0.01wt%-0.05wt%, based on the total mass of the broiler feed.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the content of the natural lutein is 0.38wt%-0.75wt% based on the total mass of the broiler chicken feed; the content of the chemically synthesized lutein is 0.02wt%-0.05wt%.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the natural lutein is in a non-esterified and / or free form.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the chemically synthesized lutein is selected from at least one of apo-8'-carotenal, β-apo-8'-carotenal, and canthaxanthin.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the chemically synthesized lutein is apo-8'-carotenal.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the fat-soluble antioxidant is selected from at least one of vitamin E, ethoxyquin, tertiary butyl hydroxy anisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, tertiary butyl hydroquinone, and propyl gallate.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the fat-soluble antioxidant is vitamin E.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the colorant added to the broiler chicken feed consists of the following components based on the total mass of the broiler chicken feed: fat 0.5wt%-2.0wt%; non-esterified and / or free form natural lutein 0.15wt%-1.15wt%; chemically synthesized lutein 0.01wt%-0.05wt%; red pigment 0.04wt%-0.3wt%; fat-soluble antioxidant 0.01wt%-0.1wt%.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the colorant added to the broiler chicken feed consists of the following components based on the total mass of the broiler chicken feed: fat 1.0wt%-2.0wt%; non-esterified and / or free form natural lutein 0.38wt%-0.75wt%; chemically synthesized lutein 0.02wt%-0.05wt%; red pigment 0.1wt%-0.2wt%; fat-soluble antioxidant 0.01wt%-0.05wt%.

[0027] In some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the colorant added to the broiler chicken feed consists of the following components, by total mass of the broiler chicken feed: chicken oil 1.0 wt% - 2.0 wt%; non-esterified and / or free form natural lutein 0.38 wt% - 0.75 wt%; apofat 0.02 wt% - 0.05 wt%; canthaxanthin 0.1 wt% - 0.2 wt%; vitamin E 0.01 wt% - 0.05 wt%.

[0028] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the colorant added to the broiler chicken feed according to the first aspect of the present application, comprising the following steps: mixing the components to obtain the colorant added to the broiler chicken feed.

[0029] A third aspect of the present application provides a broiler chicken feed, comprising a base feed, and the colorant added to the broiler chicken feed according to the first aspect of the present application.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the base feed comprises the following components by mass: 540-810 parts of sorghum, 40-60 parts of wheat bran, 148-222 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of stone powder, 1.6-2.4 parts of sodium chloride, 2.4-3.6 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.56-0.84 parts of choline chloride, 1.6-2.4 parts of DL-methionine, 0.56-0.84 parts of L-threonine, 0.8-1.2 parts of chicken vitamin premix, 0.24-0.36 parts of avian trace element premix, 0.16-0.24 parts of phytase, 1.6-2.4 parts of montmorillonite, 3.5-5.3 parts of rice hull powder, 0.4-0.6 parts of ethoxyquin, 0.8-1.2 parts of humic acid sodium, 0.32-0.48 parts of livestock and poultry trace element premix, 0.4-0.6 parts of propionic acid, 0.16-0.24 parts of tannic acid, 0.08-0.12 parts of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the basic feed comprises the following components in mass parts: 607-743 parts of sorghum, 45-55 parts of wheat bran, 166-203 parts of soybean meal, 9-11 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 11-14 parts of stone powder, 1.8-2.2 parts of sodium chloride, 2.7-3.3 parts of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.63-0.77 parts of choline chloride, 1.8-2.2 parts of DL-methionine, 0.63-0.77 parts of L-threonine, 0.9-1.1 parts of chicken vitamin premix, 0.27-0.33 parts of avian trace element premix, 0.18-0.22 parts of phytase, 1.8-2.2 parts of montmorillonite, 3.9-4.8 parts of rice hull powder, 0.45-0.55 parts of ethoxyquin, 0.9-1.1 parts of humic acid sodium, 0.36-0.44 parts of livestock and poultry trace element premix, 0.45-0.55 parts of propionic acid, 0.18-0.22 parts of tannic acid, 0.09-0.11 parts of dl-α-tocopherol acetate.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the nutritional level of the basic feed satisfies: crude protein content of 12.5wt%-18.5wt%; crude fat content of 5.5wt%-8.3wt%; calcium content of 0.7wt%-1.0wt%; total phosphorus content of 0.4wt%-0.7wt%; available phosphorus content of 0.2wt%-0.4wt%; lysine content of 0.7wt%-1.1wt%; methionine content of 0.3wt%-0.5wt%; total methionine and cystine content of 0.5wt%-0.8wt%; threonine content of 0.5wt%-0.8wt%; arginine content of 0.8wt%-1.2wt%; valine content of 0.5wt%-0.8wt%; isoleucine content of 0.4wt%-0.7wt%; tryptophan content of 0.16wt%-0.24wt%; and metabolic energy of 2400-3660kcal.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the basal feed has a nutrient level that satisfies: crude protein content of 14.0wt%-17.0wt%; crude fat content of 6.2wt%-7.6wt%; calcium content of 0.8wt%-0.9wt%; total phosphorus content of 0.5wt%-0.6wt%; available phosphorus content of 0.28wt%-0.35wt%; lysine content of 0.85wt%-1.0wt%; methionine content of 0.35wt%-0.45wt%; total content of methionine and cystine of 0.6wt%-0.7wt%; threonine content of 0.6wt%-0.7wt%; arginine content of 0.9wt%-1.1wt%; valine content of 0.6wt%-0.7wt%; isoleucine content of 0.5wt%-0.6wt%; tryptophan content of 0.18wt%-0.22wt%; and metabolic energy of 2745-3355kcal.

[0034] The fourth aspect of the present application provides use of the broiler feed of the third aspect of the present application in improving the skin and / or shank color of capon.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the use comprises feeding the capon with the broiler feed for 14-21 days.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding conditions of the capon comprise: a feeding density of 0.2-0.3m 2 per bird, a light duration of 14-21h per day, a light intensity of 8-12lx, a temperature of 20-22℃, and a humidity of 50%-60%.

[0037] The basic principle of the present application is explained as follows: 1) The color of the skin and shank of capon is mainly determined by the type and amount of carotenoids deposited. Xanthophyll (lutein) dominates the yellowness of the skin and fat, and red pigment (canthaxanthin) significantly contributes to the redness of the shank and beak. Therefore, the present application simultaneously uses xanthophyll and red pigment to simultaneously improve the two key appearance indicators of chicken breast (yellowish) and shank (reddish), which meets the specific appearance requirements of the market for capon "yellow skin and red shank". In particular, non-esterified (free) lutein is particularly preferred. Compared with esterified lutein, non-esterified lutein has a smaller molecular weight, can be directly absorbed without being subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in the intestinal tract, has a shorter absorption path and higher absorption efficiency, can enter the blood circulation more quickly, and can be targeted to deposit in the target tissue, which is the key to achieving rapid improvement.

[0038] 2) Lutein and canthaxanthin are both fat-soluble substances, and their absorption in the intestinal tract strictly depends on the presence of fat, fat can stimulate bile secretion, form mixed micelles, dissolve and transport pigments to the intestinal wall cells for absorption, so the oil added in the application can play the role of a solvent, can make the fat-soluble pigment uniformly dispersed in the colorant, and form a uniform system after mixing with the feed, ensure that each chicken ingests a consistent dose, in addition, oil as an exogenous fat can effectively stimulate bile secretion, greatly improve the bioavailability of pigments, without enough oil, even if more pigments are added, they cannot be effectively absorbed, most of them will be excreted with feces; wherein, chicken oil is preferably used, compared with soybean oil, lard and other oils, the animal origin of chicken oil is more matched with the physiology of castrated chickens, and the absorption efficiency is better, at the same time, chicken oil itself has an appetite-inducing property, which can improve the palatability of the feed, ensure the feed intake, and indirectly ensure the effective intake of pigments; 3) Carotenoid pigment molecular structure contains multiple conjugated double bonds, which is extremely easy to be oxidized and destroyed, especially in the presence of oil, metal ions and high temperature and humidity, once oxidized, the pigment molecular structure changes, and the coloring ability is permanently lost, therefore, the application adds a fat-soluble antioxidant, which is uniformly distributed in the lipid phase composed of oil and pigment by the principle of similar dissolves similar, when oxidative stress occurs, the fat-soluble antioxidant will be oxidized first, thereby protecting the sensitive pigment molecules from attack, ensuring the stability of the pigment in storage and the digestive tract, so that it can be absorbed and deposited in an intact and effective form.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: The colorant added to the broiler feed provided by the application realizes the efficiency and stability of the whole process from the intake to the deposition of the pigment through the ternary synergistic system of oil + pigment + fat-soluble antioxidant, wherein the oil as a carrier significantly promotes the dissolution and intestinal absorption of fat-soluble pigments; the fat-soluble antioxidant provides a protective effect, effectively prevents the oxidation and failure of the pigment during processing, storage and in the digestive tract, and ensures the integrity of its coloring function; and the preferred non-esterified or free form pigment and the scientific ratio of yellow and red pigments are combined to precisely strengthen the skin yellowness and shank redness, laying a material foundation for rapid coloring; the broiler feed containing the colorant can improve the skin color of the castrated chicken breast by about 1.5 degrees and the shank color by 2-3 degrees in a feeding period of 14-21 days, improve the appearance quality of the castrated chicken to the ideal color range of market purchase, and significantly improve the commodity grade and selling price. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The colorant added to the broiler feed provided by the application realizes the efficiency and stability of the whole process from the intake to the deposition of the pigment through the ternary synergistic system of oil + pigment + fat-soluble antioxidant, wherein the oil as a carrier significantly promotes the dissolution and intestinal absorption of fat-soluble pigments; the fat-soluble antioxidant provides a protective effect, effectively prevents the oxidation and failure of the pigment during processing, storage and in the digestive tract, and ensures the integrity of its coloring function; and the preferred non-esterified or free form pigment and the scientific ratio of yellow and red pigments are combined to precisely strengthen the skin yellowness and shank redness, laying a material foundation for rapid coloring; the broiler feed containing the colorant can improve the skin color of the castrated chicken breast by about 1.5 degrees and the shank color by 2-3 degrees in a feeding period of 14-21 days, improve the appearance quality of the castrated chicken to the ideal color range of market purchase, and significantly improve the commodity grade and selling price. Figure 2Coloring of shank of cockerel fed with the broiler feed of Example 1 for 21 days in the test example; Figure 3 Coloring of breast of cockerel fed with the broiler feed of Comparative Example 1 for 21 days in the test example; Figure 4 Coloring of shank of cockerel fed with the broiler feed of Comparative Example 1 for 21 days in the test example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present application will be further described in details by specific examples. The raw materials, reagents or apparatus used in the examples and comparative examples are commercially available or can be obtained by the prior art methods unless otherwise specified. The test or test method is the conventional method in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0042] Example 1 This example provides a broiler feed, which is composed of a base feed and a colorant added to the broiler feed. The base feed is composed as shown in Table 1 and has the nutritional level as shown in Table 2. The colorant is composed of chicken oil 1.2 wt%, non-esterified natural xanthophyll 0.4 wt%, apo-ester 0.02 wt%, canthaxanthin 0.1 wt%, and vitamin E 0.02 wt%. The components of the colorant are mixed and then mixed with the base feed to obtain the broiler feed.

[0043] Table 1 Composition of base feed in Example 1

[0044] Table 2 Nutritional level of base feed in Example 1

[0045] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a broiler feed, which is composed of a base feed. The base feed is composed and has the nutritional level as in Example 1.

[0046] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a broiler feed, which is composed of a base feed and a colorant added to the broiler feed. The base feed is composed and has the nutritional level as in Example 1. The colorant is composed of non-esterified natural xanthophyll 0.4 wt%, apo-ester 0.02 wt%, and canthaxanthin 0.1 wt%. The components of the colorant are mixed and then mixed with the base feed to obtain the broiler feed.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 The comparative example provides a broiler feed, which is composed of a basic feed and a colorant added to the broiler feed, the composition and nutritional level of the basic feed are the same as in Example 1, and the colorant is composed of the following components: non-esterified natural lutein 0.4 wt%, apo-ester 0.02 wt%, canthaxanthin 0.1 wt%, vitamin E 0.02 wt%, after mixing the components of the colorant, the colorant is uniformly mixed with the basic feed to obtain the broiler feed.

[0048] Test Example The test was carried out in the research and development base of Nanning Haida Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 120 healthy, similar weight, 150-day-old Lingshan soil castrated chickens (Roche color fan score less than 6) caused by management were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 30 chickens in each group. The broiler feeds provided in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used for feeding, and the whole feeding period was 21 days. The feeding method was ground bedding flat feeding, free feeding and drinking water, each group was fed in one pen, and the feeding density was 0.25 m 2 / each, 18h light per day, light intensity of about 10lx, pen temperature was controlled at 20-22℃, humidity was between 50%-60%, and the immune program, hygiene, disinfection and other work were carried out according to the routine operation of the chicken farm.

[0049] On the 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st day of the test, 3 castrated chickens were selected from each group, and the colorimetric measurement of the chest and shank was carried out by 3 people at the same time using the Roche color fan, and the average value was taken as the final result.

[0050] Table 3 Chest color of castrated chickens in the test example

[0051] Table 4 Shank color of castrated chickens in the test example

[0052] Figure 1 The chest color of the castrated chickens fed with the broiler feed in Example 1 for 21 days in the test example, Figure 2 The shank color of the castrated chickens fed with the broiler feed in Example 1 for 21 days in the test example, Figure 3 The chest color of the castrated chickens fed with the broiler feed in Comparative Example 1 for 21 days in the test example, Figure 4 The shank color of the castrated chickens fed with the broiler feed in Comparative Example 1 for 21 days in the test example, from Table 3, Table 4 and Figures 1-4It can be seen that after 21 days of feeding with the broiler feed of Example 1, the average value of the chicken breast color of the capon is 3.88 degrees, which is increased by 1.38 degrees compared with the beginning of the test, and the average value of the shank color of the capon is 6.63 degrees, which is increased by 2.75 degrees compared with the beginning of the test. Compared with the group using the broiler feed of Comparative Example 1, the chicken breast and shank color of the capon is obviously improved, indicating that the colorant added to the broiler feed provided by the application and the broiler feed for improving the skin and shank color of the capon have good effects.

[0053] The colorant added to the broiler feed in Comparative Example 2 does not use oil and fat-soluble antioxidants. After feeding with the broiler feed containing the colorant, the improvement effect on the chicken breast color is higher than that of Comparative Example 1, lower than that of Comparative Example 3, and significantly lower than that of Example 1. The improvement effect on the shank color is lower than that of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 and Example 1, indicating that only adding pigments to the basic feed cannot be effectively absorbed by the capon and is difficult to play a role. The colorant added to the broiler feed in Comparative Example 3 does not use oil. After feeding with the broiler feed containing the colorant, the improvement effect on the chicken breast and shank color is better than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, but still significantly worse than that of Example 1, indicating that oil is crucial for the uniform dispersion and absorption of fat-soluble pigments.

Claims

1. A colorant added to broiler feed, characterized in that, Based on the total mass of the broiler feed, the colorant comprises the following components: 0.5wt%-2.0wt% oil, 0.2wt%-1.5wt% pigment, and 0.01wt%-0.1wt% fat-soluble antioxidant.

2. The colorant added to broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil is selected from at least one of chicken oil, duck oil, goose oil, lard, beef tallow, mutton tallow, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, and sunflower seed oil.

3. The colorant added to broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pigment is a compound of yellow and red pigments; based on the total mass of the broiler feed, the content of the yellow pigment is 0.16wt%-1.2wt%, and the content of the red pigment is 0.04wt%-0.3wt%.

4. The colorant added to broiler feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The red pigment is selected from at least one of cantharidin and astaxanthin.

5. The colorant added to broiler feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The yellow pigment is a compound of natural lutein and chemically synthesized lutein; based on the total mass of the broiler feed, the content of natural lutein is 0.15wt%-1.15wt%; and the content of chemically synthesized lutein is 0.01wt%-0.05wt%.

6. The colorant added to broiler feed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The natural lutein is natural lutein in a non-esterified and / or free form.

7. The colorant added to broiler feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fat-soluble antioxidant is selected from at least one of vitamin E, ethoxyquinoline, tert-butyl-p-hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, tert-butylhydroquinone, and propyl gallate.

8. The method for preparing the colorant added to broiler feed according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing the components to obtain the colorant to be added to broiler feed.

9. A broiler feed, characterized in that, Includes basic feed, and colorant added to broiler feed as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. The use of the broiler feed of claim 9 in improving the skin and / or shank coloration of capons.

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