Desorption device and carbon capture system based on solid amine
By adopting a folded structure heating plate and cooling plate design in the carbon capture device, combined with a vacuum chamber and a vibrating discharge device, the problems of high energy consumption and low heat transfer efficiency of the fixed bed desorption device are solved, and a high-efficiency and low-energy carbon capture process is realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511712892.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing fixed-bed desorption devices suffer from high energy consumption, low heat transfer efficiency, and uneven temperature during carbon capture, which affect regeneration efficiency and system stability.
The design employs a folded heating and cooling plate structure, combined with a vacuum chamber and a vibrating discharge device, to achieve uniform flow of solid amine particles during heating and cooling. Carbon dioxide is efficiently discharged through the folded exhaust channel, reducing the thermal boundary layer and improving heat transfer efficiency.
It achieves a highly efficient and low-energy carbon capture process, improves carbon dioxide desorption efficiency and system stability, and reduces energy loss.
Smart Images
Figure CN121570973A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of carbon capture, and particularly relates to a desorption device and a solid amine-based carbon capture system. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the solid amine-based carbon capture technology, the desorption device, as a core equipment, regenerates the solid amine particles after adsorption saturation, breaks the chemical bond between the amine material and carbon dioxide by applying energy, releases high-concentration CO2 gas, and restores the capture ability of the adsorbent, thereby realizing the continuous operation of the system.
[0003] At present, the desorption device in this field mostly adopts a fixed bed desorption tower structure, which is a pressure-bearing container filled with adsorption-saturated solid amine material. During desorption, the device is first vacuumized, and high-temperature steam is introduced to heat the solid amine to the temperature required for desorption. Under the conditions of high temperature and vacuum, carbon dioxide is desorbed and extracted from the fixed bed.
[0004] However, this conventional structure has several significant problems. First, in the fixed bed desorption device, adsorption / desorption is generally performed in the same reactor. After adsorption, the reactor structure needs to be heated for temperature rise, and after desorption, the reactor structure needs to be cooled for temperature drop, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the system. Second, under vacuum conditions, heat transfer relies entirely on heat conduction, and the heat transfer efficiency of the equipment is low. Finally, the temperature inside the bed layer of the fixed bed is uneven, which leads to incomplete desorption or local overheating, thereby affecting the overall regeneration efficiency and system stability. SUMMARY
[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the application provides a desorption device for a solid amine-based carbon capture system, which is efficient and low in energy consumption, and is crucial for promoting the commercial application of the solid amine-based carbon capture technology. After the solid amine particles enter the feeding section, they slowly flow in the material channel separated by the heating plates and cooling plates in the heating desorption section and the material cooling section, and heating desorption and cooling are realized. The desorbed carbon dioxide enters the vacuum chamber under the action of pressure difference and is then extracted by the vacuum pump.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A desorption device for desorbing carbon dioxide in solid amine particles, comprising an outer shell, wherein the inner part of the outer shell comprises a feeding port, an upper heating desorption zone, a lower material cooling zone, and a discharging port; a plurality of heating plates are arranged in the upper heating desorption zone, and the heating plates are arranged side by side; a filter screen is further arranged in the upper heating desorption zone, and a vacuum chamber is formed between the filter screen and the outer shell, wherein the vacuum chamber is used to collect the carbon dioxide desorbed from the solid amine particles; and a plurality of cooling plates are arranged in the lower material cooling zone, and the cooling plates are arranged side by side.
[0008] Further, the heating plate is a folded structure, the folded structure comprises two or more plate folded connections, and the angle between two adjacent plates is 170-175 degrees.
[0009] Further, the heating plate is provided with an open downward air extraction channel at the folded corner of the folded structure, the air extraction channel is used for collecting the desorbed carbon dioxide of the solid amine particles.
[0010] Further, the heating plate comprises a first plate and a second plate, the lower end of the first plate is folded with the upper end of the second plate; the first plate comprises a first side plate, the first side plate extends downward at the folded corner of the first plate and the second plate and forms the air extraction channel with the second plate.
[0011] Further, the air extraction channel is connected with the filter screen, the carbon dioxide in the air extraction channel enters the vacuum chamber through the filter screen.
[0012] Further, the heating plate comprises a first plate, a second plate and a third plate, the first plate, the second plate and the third plate are folded;
[0013] The cooling plate comprises a fourth plate and a fifth plate, the fourth plate and the fifth plate are folded.
[0014] Further, a plurality of heat medium inlet branch pipes and a plurality of heat medium outlet branch pipes are further arranged on the shell, the upper end of a single heating plate is connected with a corresponding single heat medium inlet branch pipe, and the lower end of a single heating plate is connected with a corresponding single heat medium outlet branch pipe.
[0015] Further, it further comprises:
[0016] A heat medium inlet main pipe and a heat medium outlet main pipe, the heat medium inlet main pipe is connected with the plurality of heat medium inlet branch pipes, and the heat medium outlet main pipe is connected with the plurality of heat medium outlet branch pipes.
[0017] Further, the lower end of the lower material cooling area is provided with a vibrating discharging device, the vibrating discharging device is used for controlling the flow speed of the solid amine particles in the upper heating desorption area and the lower material cooling area.
[0018] In addition, the application also provides a solid amine-based carbon capture system comprising the desorption device.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
[0020] The application provides a high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption solid amine-based carbon capture desorption device, which realizes heating and cooling in the same device and has a simple and practical structure.
[0021] The heating plate and cooling plate are connected by a folded structure, which increases the heating / cooling area and allows the material to flow back and forth in the folded channel, resulting in better disturbance and more favorable heat transfer.
[0022] The angled bends of the folded structure feature downward-facing exhaust channels, facilitating the discharge of desorbed carbon dioxide and reducing exhaust resistance. The filter screen's pore size can trap material particles while allowing desorbed carbon dioxide to pass through, significantly improving exhaust efficiency.
[0023] The discharge device adjusts the discharge speed, thereby controlling the flow speed of the material between the heating / cooling plates. During the material flow process, by breaking the thermal boundary layer and maintaining the maximum heat transfer temperature difference, the thermal resistance on the material side is greatly reduced, thereby significantly improving the overall heat transfer effect.
[0024] The desorption device of this application does not require switching operation, thus avoiding additional energy loss.
[0025] In this application, the solid amine continuously brings new solid amine particles into contact with the heating plate in a flowing state, which disrupts the temperature boundary layer in a static state, maintains the maximum heat transfer temperature difference, and enhances the heat transfer mechanism. The same applies during the cooling process, thereby improving heating and cooling efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the application and, together with their description, serve to explain the application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the desorption device of this application;
[0028] Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 AA view;
[0029] Figure 3 For this application Figure 1 Detailed drawing A;
[0030] Figure 4 For this application Figure 1 Detailed drawing B;
[0031] Figure 5 For this application Figure 1 BB view;
[0032] Figure 6 For this application Figure 1 The CC view.
[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0034] 1 desorption device;
[0035] 1.1 housing, 1.2 feed inlet, 1.3 discharge outlet;
[0036] 2.1 heating plate, 2.2 hot medium inlet branch pipe, 2.3 hot medium outlet branch pipe, 2.4 hot medium inlet main pipe, 2.5 hot medium outlet main pipe;
[0037] 3.1 cooling plate, 3.2 cold medium inlet branch pipe, 3.3 cold medium outlet branch pipe, 3.4 cold medium inlet main pipe, 3.5 cold medium outlet main pipe;
[0038] 4 solid amine particles;
[0039] 5 vibrating discharge device;
[0040] 6.1 suction filter screen assembly, 6.2 vacuum chamber, 6.3 suction port, 6.4 suction micro channel, 6.5 heating plate sealing plate, 6.6 metal filter screen;
[0041] A area is feed area, B area is heating desorption area, C area is material cooling area, D area is discharge area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0042] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the scheme of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the relationship between the method steps can be in order or not in order, as long as it does not affect the overall technical effect, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. The following description of the present application is only for understanding as the description of individual embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application, other embodiments are not embodied in the following description, but it does not mean that the present application excludes these other embodiments, the technical scheme of the present application is also not limited to the specific embodiments described below, and the protection scope of the present application is also not limited to the specific embodiments described below. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0044] It should be noted that if the terms "first," "second," etc., appear in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application, such descriptions are only used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, this application provides a desorption device 1 for desorbing carbon dioxide from solid amine particles 4. It includes a shell 1.1, which contains an inlet 1.2, an upper heating desorption zone B, a lower material cooling zone C, and an outlet 1.3. It may also include an inlet zone A and an outlet zone D. The upper heating desorption zone B contains a plurality of heating plates 2.1 arranged side-by-side. The upper heating desorption zone B also contains a filter screen 6.1, forming a vacuum chamber 6.2 between the filter screen 6.1 and the shell 1.1. The vacuum chamber 6.2 is used to collect the carbon dioxide desorbed from the solid amine particles 4. The lower material cooling zone C contains a plurality of cooling plates 3.1 arranged side-by-side.
[0046] Solid amine particles 4 enter the feeding zone A through the feed inlet 1.2. The feeding zone A can be equipped with high and low level gauges. Feeding stops when the high level is reached and starts when the low level is reached. The feeding zone maintains a certain stacking height to ensure that the solid amine particles 4 can enter the heating and desorption zone B evenly.
[0047] A plurality of heating plates 2.1 are disposed within the upper heating desorption zone B, and the plurality of heating plates 2.1 are arranged side by side within the upper heating desorption zone B. Specifically, as shown... Figures 2-6 As shown, the front section of the heating plate 2.1 is welded to the outer shell 1.1, and the rear section is welded to the filter screen 6.1. The left and right ends form flow channels for solid amine particles 4 between the heating plate 2.1 and the outer shell 1.1. The outer shell 1.1 has several heat medium inlet branches 2.2 and several heat medium outlet branches 2.4. The upper end of a single heating plate 2.1 is connected to the corresponding single heat medium inlet branch 2.2, and the lower end of a single heating plate 2.1 is connected to the corresponding single heat medium outlet branch 2.4.
[0048] Heating plate 2.1 has a hollow structure. The heat medium in the heat medium inlet branch pipe 2.2 enters the heating plate 2.1, transfers heat to the solid amine particles 4, and then exits from the heat medium outlet branch pipe 2.3. One heating plate 2.1 corresponds to one heat medium inlet branch pipe 2.2 and one heat medium outlet branch pipe 2.3. A heat medium inlet header pipe 2.4 is provided to distribute the heat medium to each heat medium inlet branch pipe 2.2, and a heat medium outlet header pipe 2.5 is provided to collect the heat medium from each heat medium outlet branch pipe 2.3. The heat medium can be steam, heat transfer oil, etc.
[0049] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure -5, the heating plate 2.1 has a folded structure, which includes two or more plates connected by folds, and the angle between two adjacent plates is 170°-175°; the heating plate 2.1 has a downward-facing exhaust channel 6.4 at the folded corner of the folded structure, and the exhaust channel 6.4 is used to collect the carbon dioxide desorbed from the solid amine particles 4. Specifically, as... Figure 4 As shown, the heating plate 2.1 includes a first plate 2.11 and a second plate 2.12. The lower end of the first plate 2.11 is folded to the upper end of the second plate 2.12. The first plate 2.11 includes a first side plate 2.111. The first side plate 2.111 extends downward at the angle between the first plate 2.11 and the second plate 2.12 and forms the air extraction channel 6.4 between it and the second plate 2.12.
[0050] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure 6, the exhaust channel 6.4 is connected to the filter screen 6.1, and the carbon dioxide in the exhaust channel 6.4 enters the vacuum chamber 6.2 through the filter screen 6.1.
[0051] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 5, the heating plate 2.1 includes a first plate 2.11, a second plate 2.12, and a third plate 2.13, which are connected in a folded manner; the cooling plate 3.1 includes a fourth plate 3.11 and a fifth plate 3.12, which are connected in a folded manner.
[0052] The heating plate 2.1 is connected in a zigzag shape, which on the one hand increases the heat exchange contact area, and on the other hand, the zigzag connection can change the direction of the solid amine particles 4 during the flow process, increase the material disturbance, destroy the material thermal boundary layer, and strengthen the heat transfer effect; the zigzag corners of the heating plate 2.1 are provided with air extraction channels 6.4, and the solid amine particles 4 flow under the action of gravity, and the air extraction channels 6.4 are not filled with materials, leaving a certain space; the filter screen 6.1 and the shell 1.1 form a vacuum chamber 6.2, and the vacuum chamber 6.2 is provided with an air extraction port 6.3; the carbon dioxide gas generated by desorption enters the vacuum chamber 6.2 from the gaps between the solid amine particles 4 and the air extraction channels 6.4 through the filter screen 6.1, and then is extracted from the air extraction port 6.3; the welding part of the filter screen 6.1 and the heating plate 2.1 uses gas-proof steel plate, and the remaining part uses a mesh to ensure that the gas passes through while trapping the solid amine particles 4; the setting of the air extraction channel 6.4 reduces the air extraction resistance, so that the desorption gas can be better discharged, avoiding accumulation between the particles, and improving the desorption efficiency.
[0053] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 、 6 , one end of the heating plate 2.1 is blocked by the shell 1.1, and the other side is blocked by the heating plate sealing plate 6.5 in the air extraction filter screen assembly 6.1; the heating plate sealing plate 6.5 is a metal plate, which is slightly wider than the heating plate 2.1, and the shape is consistent with the zigzag line of the heating plate; the sealing structure composed of the two layers of walls of the heating plate itself, the shell and the heating plate sealing plate can prevent the heating medium from overflowing. The air extraction filter screen assembly 6.1 is composed of the heating plate sealing plate 6.5 and the metal filter screen 6.6, and the aperture of the metal filter screen 6.6 is smaller than that of the solid amine particles, which can prevent the solid amine particles from leaking out. The air extraction filter screen assembly 6.1 and the shell form a vacuum chamber, and the vacuum pump extracts the carbon dioxide generated by desorption to the vacuum chamber and then to the rear end for utilization. Due to the blockage of the metal filter screen 6.6, only carbon dioxide enters the vacuum chamber, and the solid amine material does not enter.
[0054] The resistance of the carbon dioxide desorbed from the gap between the solid amine particles to the vacuum chamber is large, in order to improve the discharge speed of the carbon dioxide and strengthen the desorption efficiency, air extraction microchannels are provided at the zigzag corners of the heating plate, the air extraction microchannels are 10-20 mm long and are formed by extending the outer wall of the heating plate zigzag corner, and the air extraction microchannels are composed of the metal filter screen 6.6 and the outer side of the heating plate after the zigzag corner. Due to the blockage of the filter screen, the solid amine particles cannot enter the microchannels, but the carbon dioxide gas generated by desorption can enter.
[0055] The solid amine particles 4 which have completed desorption in the upper heating desorption zone B have a high temperature, and need to be cooled before being adsorbed again. A lower material cooling zone C is arranged at the outlet of the upper heating desorption zone B. The lower material cooling zone C is provided with a plurality of cooling plates 3.1. The upper ends of the cooling plates 3.1 are connected to a coolant inlet branch pipe 3.2, and the lower ends are connected to a coolant outlet branch pipe 3.4. The front end and the rear end of each cooling plate 3.1 are welded to the outer shell 1.1, and the left and right ends of each cooling plate 3.1 form a solid amine particle 4 flow channel together with the outer shell 1.1 and the cooling plates 3.1. The cooling plates 3.1 are hollow structures. Coolant in the coolant inlet branch pipe 3.2 enters the cooling plates 3.1, takes away the heat of the solid amine particles 4, and is discharged from the coolant outlet branch pipe 3.3. One cooling plate 3.1 corresponds to one coolant inlet branch pipe 3.2 and one coolant outlet branch pipe 3.3. A coolant inlet main pipe 3.4 is arranged to distribute the coolant medium to each coolant inlet branch pipe 3.2. A coolant outlet main pipe 3.5 is arranged to collect the coolant from each coolant outlet branch pipe 3.3. The coolant can be cooling water.
[0056] The cooled solid amine particles 4 enter the discharge zone D. A vibrating discharge device 5 is arranged at the lower end of the lower material cooling zone C. The vibrating discharge device 5 is used to control the flow speed of the solid amine particles 4 in the upper heating desorption zone B and the lower material cooling zone C. The discharge speed can be controlled by frequency conversion, so as to control the flow speed of the solid amine particles 4 in the upper heating desorption zone B and the lower material cooling zone C. By matching the material flow speed, the length of the upper heating desorption zone and the lower material cooling zone, the sufficient desorption and cooling of the solid amine particles 4 can be ensured. The vibrating discharge device 5 is provided with a conical section and a discharge port 1.3 at the bottom. The discharged material can be sent to the adsorption equipment by means of pneumatic conveying or a conveyor.
[0057] In some embodiments, the application also provides a solid amine-based carbon capture system (not shown in the figure), which comprises the desorption device 1 as described above.
[0058] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent right of the application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent right of the application should be subject to the appended claims, and the implementation schemes are described for best illustrating the principles of the application and its practical application, so as to enable other skilled persons in the art to best use the application with various modifications suitable for the specific use and various described implementation schemes.
Claims
1. A desorption device for desorbing carbon dioxide from solid amine particles, comprising a shell, characterized in that: The outer shell includes a feed inlet, an upper heating and desorption zone, a lower material cooling zone, and a discharge outlet. The upper heating and desorption zone is equipped with several heating plates arranged side by side. A filter screen is also provided in the upper heating and desorption zone, and a vacuum chamber is formed between the filter screen and the outer shell. The vacuum chamber is used to collect the carbon dioxide desorbed from the solid amine particles. The lower material cooling zone is equipped with several cooling plates arranged side by side.
2. The desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating plate has a folded structure, which includes two or more plates connected by folds, and the angle between two adjacent plates is 170°-175°.
3. The desorption device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating plate has a downward-facing exhaust channel at the corner of the folded structure, which is used to collect the carbon dioxide desorbed from the solid amine particles.
4. The desorption device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating plate includes a first plate and a second plate, with the lower end of the first plate and the upper end of the second plate connected in a folded manner; the first plate includes a first side plate, which extends downward at the fold between the first plate and the second plate and forms the air extraction channel between the side plate and the second plate.
5. The desorption device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extraction channel is connected to the filter screen, and carbon dioxide in the extraction channel enters the vacuum chamber through the filter screen.
6. The desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating plate includes a first plate, a second plate, and a third plate, which are connected by a folded joint. The cooling plate includes a fourth plate and a fifth plate, which are connected by a folded joint.
7. The desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer casing is also provided with several heat medium inlet branch pipes and several heat medium outlet branch pipes. The upper end of a single heating plate is connected to the corresponding single heat medium inlet branch pipe, and the lower end of a single heating plate is connected to the corresponding single heat medium outlet branch pipe.
8. The desorption device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The system includes a heat medium inlet main pipe and a heat medium outlet main pipe, wherein the heat medium inlet main pipe is connected to the plurality of heat medium inlet branch pipes, and the heat medium outlet main pipe is connected to the plurality of heat medium outlet branch pipes.
9. The desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibrating discharge device is provided at the lower end of the lower material cooling zone. The vibrating discharge device is used to control the flow rate of solid amine particles in the upper heating desorption zone and the lower material cooling zone.
10. A carbon capture system based on solid amines, characterized in that... Includes the desorption device as described in any one of claims 1-9.