Unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor

Abstract

The invention provides an unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor, and relates to the technical field of biological reaction devices, the unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor comprises a composting box, a push-pull sealing cover, a reinforcement cage and a ventilation assembly; the push-pull sealing cover is slidably connected to the top of the composting box; a reaction chamber is arranged in the composting box, a feeding hole for loading bundled straw materials into the reinforcement cage is formed in the top of the composting box, and after the push-pull sealing cover is opened, the feeding hole of the composting box is opened, so that materials can be fed from the feeding hole; the ventilation assembly is communicated with the bottom air inlet of the composting box, and the ventilation assembly is located in the composting box and arranged at the bottom of the composting box; the ventilation assembly is used for introducing gas introduced from the outside of the composting box into the reaction chamber of the composting box; the reinforcement cage is vertically arranged in the composting box and is arranged above the ventilation assembly. According to the invention, uniform oxygen supply in the composting reactor is realized, the structural cost of the reactor is reduced, and the composting rate in the composting reactor is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological reaction devices, and particularly relates to a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Composting is a process of converting organic matter into fertilizer under the action of microorganisms through fermentation under artificial control of water, C / N ratio (carbon-nitrogen ratio) and ventilation. In the composting process, organic matter is converted from unstable organic matter into stable humus material. At present, composting technology is equipped, and through structural innovation of the composting reactor and intelligent control, the composting efficiency is improved, which has become an important development direction in the industry. However, the traditional composting device has the actual problems of uneven oxygen supply, high operation energy consumption and difficulty in secondary pollution control.

[0003] The existing Chinese utility model patent (patent number 202120092726.8) discloses a non-powered composting box, and specifically discloses that the main structure of the composting box includes a composting box, a filtering mechanism, a gas cleaning mechanism and a ventilation mechanism. The outer wall of the composting box is provided with a box shell, and the inside of the box shell is provided with a heat preservation plate. The inner side wall of the heat preservation plate is provided with a storage box for storing liquid generated in the composting process to realize solid-liquid separation of the materials in the composting box. The outer wall of the storage box is connected with a fixing ring for fixing the box shell and the storage box. The storage box is provided with the filtering mechanism at the upper portion, which can separate the composting materials. The ventilation mechanism is installed above the filtering mechanism and includes air holes and air ducts. The ventilation mechanism has six air ducts to enable external gas to enter the composting box. The gas cleaning mechanism is arranged above the ventilation mechanism and includes a water outlet, a water inlet and an air outlet to absorb the pollution gas discharged in the composting process. The top of the composting box is provided with a sealing plate and a box cover. The composting box in the prior art has the following disadvantages:

[0004] Firstly, the ventilation mechanism adopts a single-point air inlet structure composed of seven vertical air ducts, and only one air inlet. The air outlet is only the air outlet of the six horizontal air ducts, which leads to a single oxygen diffusion path and a significant oxygen concentration gradient difference in the composting body. Meanwhile, the rough pipe diameter design lacks anti-blocking measures, and the ventilation volume is greatly reduced under the condition of fiber accumulation.

[0005] Secondly, the gas cleaning mechanism matched with the box relies on water washing type physical adsorption. Not only is it necessary to continuously supplement the liquid medium, but also the removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and other pollution gases decreases exponentially with the running time.

[0006] Third, the whole composting equipment lacks the sensing and feedback mechanism for key parameters such as temperature and oxygen content, so that the passive ventilation mode cannot dynamically match the microbial activity demand, causing oxygen supply redundancy and energy waste in the high-temperature stage, and fermentation lag due to insufficient oxygen supply in the low-temperature stage,

[0007] which seriously restricts the composting efficiency and product quality.

[0008] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved at present is how to provide a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor, realize uniform oxygen supply in the composting reactor, reduce the structural cost of the reactor, and improve the composting rate in the composting reactor. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor, which realizes uniform oxygen supply in the composting reactor, reduces the structural cost of the reactor, and improves the composting rate in the composting reactor.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor, which comprises a composting box, a push-pull sealing cover, a reinforcement cage and a ventilation assembly; the push-pull sealing cover is slidingly connected to the top of the composting box; the composting box has a reaction chamber inside and a feed inlet on the top for loading baled straw-like materials into the reinforcement cage; after the push-pull sealing cover is opened, the feed inlet of the composting box is open to feed from the feed inlet; the ventilation assembly is in communication with the air inlet at the bottom of the composting box, is located inside the composting box and is arranged at the bottom of the composting box; the ventilation assembly passes the gas from outside the composting box into the reaction chamber of the composting box; the reinforcement cage is vertically arranged inside the composting box and is arranged above the ventilation assembly.

[0011] The non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the ventilation assembly comprises a gas chamber composed of a grid lining plate, a three-sided air slot and a ventilation bottom plate; the gas chamber has a plurality of ventilation cavities for ventilation; the three-sided air slot is arranged at the bottom of the gas chamber; and the ventilation bottom plate is arranged at the top of the gas chamber.

[0012] The non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, further comprising a loading escalator arranged on one side of the composting box.

[0013] The non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the three-sided air slot has a plurality of air pipes; the air pipes protrude outside the composting box and are in communication with the ventilation cavities of the gas chamber; the ventilation bottom plate has a plurality of first ventilation holes; and the first ventilation holes are in communication with the ventilation cavities of the gas chamber.

[0014] The unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the composting box has a plurality of second ventilation holes; a hole cover is detachably connected to the second ventilation hole; and the second ventilation hole is in communication with the interior of the composting box.

[0015] The unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the composting box has a plurality of air inlets; the air inlets are in communication with the ventilation assembly; and a hole cover is detachably connected to the air inlet.

[0016] The unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the composting box, and an aeration fan is connected to the air inlet.

[0017] The unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the composting box has a plurality of openings for loading bundled straw materials.

[0018] The unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein an electrical control panel is mounted on the left side of the composting box.

[0019] The unpowered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor as described above, wherein the material of the push-pull sealing cover is a selective permeable molecular film.

[0020] The application achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The application integrates the ventilation assembly by using the air chamber composed of the grating lining plate connected to the air inlet at the bottom of the composting box, the three-side ventilation groove, and the detachable bottom plate provided with the ventilation holes, and placing the bundled straw materials in the two steel cages (the steel cage adopts a vertical columnar hollow chimney form) arranged in the composting box, utilizing the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the heap in the vertical channel, and the rising of hot air to realize the natural flow of air in the heap, i.e. the "chimney effect", so that the external gas can diffuse into the interior of the heap in time, and the oxygen supply in the interior of the composting box is sufficient and uniform.

[0022] (2) When it is necessary to accelerate the composting period, the reactor can also forcibly ventilate the composting box by connecting the aeration fan to the air inlet at the bottom of the composting box, so that the gas enters the ventilation assembly from the pipeline, and the oxygen diffusion and the fermentation and temperature rise of the heap are further promoted by the steel cage in the form of a hollow chimney, realizing one machine with two functions.

[0023] (3) The electrical control panel mounted on the left side of the composting box, by operating the electrical control panel, the aeration rate can be regulated and controlled, and the temperature of the aeration gas and the heap can also be detected by the sensor, and the aeration can be accurately controlled according to the temperature, reducing energy consumption.

[0024] (4) The push-pull seal cover connected to the top of the compost box of the present application adopts a selective permeable molecular film, has selective permeability, prevents rainwater from entering the compost body of the compost box, and is connected to the compost box through a push-pull pulley structure, so as to facilitate opening of the feed inlet at the top of the compost box and facilitate feeding of the compost box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a left view of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a top view of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a perspective view of a push-pull seal cover of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a perspective view of a reinforcing cage of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a perspective view of a gas chamber of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a perspective view of a three-sided ventilation groove of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a perspective view of a ventilation bottom plate of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose compost reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 10A loading schematic diagram of a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 11 A structural schematic diagram of a feeding escalator according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Reference signs: 1-composting box; 2-pullable sealing cover; 3-reinforced cage; 4-ventilation assembly; 5-pull door; 6-feeding escalator; 11-universal wheel; 12-opening; 21-first group of sealing covers; 22-second group of sealing covers; 31-reinforced cage base; 41-air chamber; 42-three-side ventilation groove; 43-ventilation bottom plate; 61-escalator frame; 62-escalator universal wheel; 411-ventilation cavity; 421-ventilation pipe; 431-first ventilation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1-10 The present application provides a non-powered and intelligent aeration integrated dual-purpose composting reactor, which comprises a composting box 1, a pullable sealing cover 2, a reinforced cage 3, and a ventilation assembly 4. The pullable sealing cover 2 is slidingly connected to the top of the composting box 1. The composting box 1 has a reaction chamber inside and a feeding port on the top for loading bundled straw-like materials into the reinforced cage 3. After the pullable sealing cover is opened, the feeding port of the composting box is open to load the bundled straw-like materials into the reinforced cage 3 from the feeding port. The ventilation assembly 4 is in communication with the bottom air inlet of the composting box 1, and air (containing oxygen) can be introduced into the composting box 1 from the bottom air inlet of the composting box 1. The air enters the ventilation assembly 4, which is located inside the composting box 1 and is arranged at the bottom of the composting box 1. The ventilation assembly 4 is used to introduce the gas introduced from the outside of the composting box 1 into the reaction chamber of the composting box 1. The reinforced cage 3 is vertically arranged inside the composting box 1, and the reinforced cage 3 is arranged above the ventilation assembly 4.

[0040] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the reinforced cage 3 comprises two reinforced cages 3, which are both arranged along the vertical direction, i.e., the two reinforced cages 3 are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the composting box 1 and are arranged at intervals. When the reactor is running, the bundled degradable straws are inserted into the reinforced cage 3 for composting, and the vertically arranged reinforced cage 3 facilitates the diffusion of oxygen.

[0041] Preferably, the two steel cages 3 are vertical columns, and vertical channels are formed inside the steel cages 3, in which the compost materials are placed to form a compost body, and the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the compost body in the vertical channels is utilized to realize the natural circulation of air in the compost body, i.e., the "chimney effect", so that the gas outside the compost box 1 can timely diffuse into the inside of the compost body in the steel cage 3, and the gas at the bottom of the compost box 1 gradually rises with the increase of the temperature of the compost body, forming the upward diffusion of hot air, driving the rapid circulation of cold air at the bottom of the compost box 1, and forming the natural air flow and active diffusion mode of the circulation of cold and hot air, realizing active ventilation without additional power, and the structure is simple, the ventilation structure cost is reduced, and the reactor structure cost is reduced.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the steel cage 3 is formed by bundling five steel bars with a diameter of 12 mm, and the outer diameter is 182 mm. The steel cage 3 formed by bundling multiple steel bars has a hollow chimney shape.

[0043] As shown in Figure 4 and 5 , the application can push and pull the sealing cover 2, which includes a first group of sealing covers 21 and a second group of sealing covers 22, and the first group of sealing covers 21 and the second group of sealing covers 22 are connected with the top of the compost box 1 through pulleys to realize the sliding connection of the first group of sealing covers 21 and the second group of sealing covers 22 with the top of the compost box 1. Pushing the first group of sealing covers 21 or the second group of sealing covers 22 along the top of the compost box 1 can make the first group of sealing covers 21 overlap with the second group of sealing covers 22, so as to open the feeding port at the top of the compost box 1. The connection of the first group of sealing covers 21 and the second group of sealing covers 22 with the top of the compost box 1 through pulleys adopts the existing mode, which will not be described here.

[0044] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the side of the compost box 1 is provided with a square blocking plate, which blocks the side of the first group of sealing covers 21 or the second group of sealing covers 22 to prevent the first group of sealing covers 21 or the second group of sealing covers 22 from being separated from the compost box 1.

[0045] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the side of the compost box 1 is provided with a hook, and a rope is arranged on the hook, and the first group of sealing covers 21 or the second group of sealing covers 22 is bound by the rope to realize the connection of the first group of sealing covers 21 or the second group of sealing covers 22 with the compost box 1, so as to fix the position of the first group of sealing covers 21 or the second group of sealing covers 22 when needed.

[0046] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the first group of sealing covers 21 and the second group of sealing covers 22 are provided with left and right inclined slopes of 10°, which is beneficial to avoid the accumulation of rainwater on the top of the push-pull sealing cover 2.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1As shown, the ventilation assembly 4 includes: an air chamber 41 composed of a grid liner, a three-sided ventilation channel 42, and a ventilation base plate 43; the air chamber 41 has multiple ventilation cavities 411 for ventilation; the three-sided ventilation channel 42 is disposed at the bottom of the air chamber 41; and the ventilation base plate 43 is disposed at the top of the air chamber 41. The three-sided ventilation channel 42 is used to introduce air from outside the compost bin 1 into the air chamber 41, and the air inside the air chamber 41 is introduced into the interior of the compost bin 1 through the ventilation cavities 411.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side length of the grille liner constituting the air chamber 41 is 20cm, and the grille liner is 15cm away from the bottom of the chamber, thereby facilitating air circulation. Here, the side length of the grille liner and the distance between the grille liner and the bottom of the chamber are not limited. The side length of the grille liner and the distance between the grille liner and the bottom of the chamber can be designed as needed.

[0049] like Figure 11 As shown, the reactor also includes a feeding ladder 6, which is located on one side of the composting bin 1. Operators can climb the feeding ladder 6 to easily feed the material into the inlet at the top of the composting bin 1.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, the three-sided ventilation slot 42 has multiple ventilation pipes 421; the ventilation pipes 421 extend outside the composting bin 1 and are connected to the ventilation cavity 411 of the air chamber 41, and air is introduced into the ventilation cavity 411 of the air chamber 41 through the ventilation pipes 421.

[0051] like Figure 9 As shown, the ventilation base plate 43 has a plurality of first ventilation holes 431; the first ventilation holes 431 are connected to the ventilation cavity 411 of the air chamber 41, thereby allowing air to be introduced into the ventilation cavity 411 to introduce oxygen into the reactor body.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the first ventilation hole 431 on the ventilation base plate 43 is 0.50 cm, and the interval between adjacent first ventilation holes 431 is 5 cm, which will not cause material leakage or insufficient ventilation. Here, the diameter of the first ventilation hole 431 and the interval between adjacent first ventilation holes 431 are not limited. The diameter of the first ventilation hole 431 and the interval between adjacent first ventilation holes 431 can be designed according to needs.

[0053] like Figure 8As shown, the three-side ventilation groove 42 is provided with a reinforcement cage base 31, which is fixedly arranged on the three-side ventilation groove 42 and has a plurality of fixing pipes arranged vertically, i.e. in the vertical direction, and the plurality of reinforcements of the reinforcement cage 3 are inserted into the fixing pipes to fix the bottom of the reinforcement cage 3. The plurality of fixing pipes avoid the ventilation bottom plate 43 to prevent interference. Alternatively, the plurality of fixing pipes pass through the ventilation bottom plate 43 so that the reinforcements of the reinforcement cage 3 can be inserted into the fixing pipes.

[0054] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the top of the reinforcement cage 3 is connected to the wall of the compost bin 1 by iron chains to improve the stability of the connection between the reinforcement cage 3 and the compost bin 1.

[0055] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the compost bin 1 has a plurality of second ventilation holes, each of which is detachably connected with a hole cover that can be detached from or mounted on the second ventilation hole. When ventilation into the compost bin 1 is needed, the hole cover is detached from the second ventilation hole, and when ventilation into the compost bin 1 is not needed, the hole cover is mounted on the second ventilation hole. The second ventilation holes are in communication with the interior of the compost bin 1, and air is introduced into the interior of the compost bin 1 through the second ventilation holes. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the compost bin 1 is provided with second ventilation holes on the left side, the right side and the back side, respectively, to introduce air into the interior of the compost bin 1.

[0056] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the compost bin 1 is made of stainless steel to prevent rusting.

[0057] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the compost bin 1 has a plurality of air inlets, which are in communication with the ventilation assembly 4 and are detachably connected with hole covers. When air needs to be introduced into the compost bin 1, the hole covers are detached from the air inlets, and when air does not need to be introduced into the compost bin 1, the hole covers are mounted on the air inlets. Preferably, the air inlets are arranged at the bottom of the compost bin 1.

[0058] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the air inlets at the bottom of the compost bin 1 are connected with an aeration fan, which can accelerate the composting period. The aeration fan connected to the compost bin 1 can forcibly ventilate the interior of the compost bin 1 to achieve precise aeration in different stages and periods of composting. The gas forcibly introduced by the aeration fan enters the ventilation assembly 4 from the pipeline and further diffuses in the compost bin 1 under the action of the hollow chimney (reinforcement cage 3) to promote the temperature fermentation of the compost in the compost bin 1, and according to actual needs, a machine can be used for two purposes.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 1, the compost bin 1 is provided with a ventilation assembly 4, which is arranged at the bottom of the compost bin 1 and is in communication with the interior of the compost bin 1. The ventilation assembly 4 is provided with a plurality of ventilation bottom plates 43, which are arranged in the ventilation assembly 4 and are in communication with the interior of the compost bin 1. The ventilation bottom plates 43 are arranged in the ventilation assembly 4 in a staggered manner, and the ventilation bottom plates 43 are arranged in the ventilation assembly 4 in a staggered manner. Figure 10As shown, the compost box 1 has a plurality of openings 12 for loading the bundled straw materials. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the openings 12 are square holes. The shape of the openings 12 is not limited herein and can be circular, rectangular, rhombic, etc. The square holes are only a preferred solution.

[0060] Preferably, square holes are provided on the rear side and both sides of the bottom of the compost box 1, and the bundled straw materials are loaded from the square holes. The bundled straw materials loaded on the bottom of the compost box 1 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the straw materials in the steel reinforcement cage 3 are arranged vertically. The bundled straw materials loaded in the steel reinforcement cage 3 do not interfere with the straw materials on the bottom of the compost box 1. Some of the straw materials in the steel reinforcement cage 3 can be inserted into the gaps of the straw materials on the bottom of the compost box 1, or the straw materials in the steel reinforcement cage 3 can be arranged above the straw materials on the bottom of the compost box 1, so as to avoid interference when the straw materials are placed.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the bundled straw materials placed on the bottom of the compost box 1 are arranged in a cross shape. The arrangement of the straw materials on the bottom of the compost box 1 is not limited herein and can be freely arranged according to needs.

[0062] As a specific embodiment of the present application, an electrical control panel is installed on the left side of the compost box 1. The electrical control panel is controlled by integrated control elements (wall-mounted electrical cabinet) and a sensor feedback system. The wall-mounted electrical cabinet is a conventional electrical control or power distribution device, which mainly functions to centrally manage, protect, and distribute power and control signals of electrical equipment. Details are not described herein.

[0063] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the control elements are used to regulate the aeration rate. In the case where an aeration fan is connected to the compost box 1, the ventilation volume of the compost box 1 is adjusted. The operator sets the speed of the aeration fan through the knobs, buttons, or touch screen on the panel, and the speed change changes the air volume.

[0064] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the gas in the compost box 1 is measured by the sensor feedback system.

[0065] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the electrical control panel is connected with a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is inserted into the internal space of the compost box 1, converts the detected temperature signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the signal processing module inside the electrical control panel. Specifically, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the aeration gas and the compost body, and the control elements accurately control the aeration according to the temperature of the aeration gas detected by the temperature sensor, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0066] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the electrical control panel includes a liquid crystal display screen. The liquid crystal display screen is used to display measured temperatures, etc. The liquid crystal display screen displays the compost temperature and gas temperature, and precisely controls the aeration time and aeration rate based on the compost temperature.

[0067] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compost bin 1 is provided with casters 11 at the four corners of its bottom, and each caster 11 is provided with a brake plate. The brake plate is used to brake the casters 11 when needed to prevent them from rotating.

[0068] like Figure 11 As shown, the loading escalator 6 includes a stair frame 61, and four casters 62 are provided at the bottom corners of the loading escalator 6. Brakes are provided on the casters 62. The brakes are used to stop the casters 62 when needed to prevent them from rotating.

[0069] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the push-pull sealing cover 2 is made of a selectively permeable molecular membrane. The selectively permeable molecular membrane has selective permeability; by setting the pore size and chemical properties of the selectively permeable molecular membrane, it can separate target pollutants and harmful gases. The separated pollutants can be recycled through subsequent processes (e.g., adsorption, catalytic conversion). In addition, the selectively permeable molecular membrane can retain water-soluble nutrients. For example, nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in compost often exist in water-soluble forms and are easily lost through water permeation or volatilization. The pore size and chemical properties of the selectively permeable molecular membrane can retain these water-soluble nutrient molecules, preventing them from diffusing into the external environment through the molecular membrane. Understandably, the selectively permeable molecular membrane allows oxygen to enter the compost bin 1 and carbon dioxide to exit the compost bin 1.

[0070] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compost bin 1 has a sliding door 5 on the front, which can be opened to open the compost bin 1. The sliding door 5 is an existing sliding door, which will not be described in detail here.

[0071] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the experimental results of intelligent and precise aeration in this application are as follows:

[0072] The composting materials, based on wet weight, were mixed in a ratio of chicken manure: sawdust: tomato straw: rice straw = 76:20:2:2 in a dual-purpose composting reactor that integrates non-powered and intelligent systems according to this invention, and then subjected to forced ventilation composting. The compost pile mass was 2.5t, and the initial moisture content of the mixture was adjusted to 60%. The ventilation method alternated between continuous and intermittent ventilation, with continuous ventilation at a ventilation rate of 80 m / s for the first ten days. 3 / h, from day 11 until the end of composting, intermittent ventilation mode is used, with a cycle of 30 minutes (10 minutes of ventilation, 20 minutes of shutdown) and a ventilation rate of 80m. 3The sample is taken on the day of composting and every 7 days, and the sampling points are divided into three layers, with a 15cm interval between two layers.

[0073] The ultra-high temperature composting at >75 DEG C can be realized during the composting process, the high temperature period lasts for 60 days, the highest temperature (77.5 DEG C) is reached on the 2nd day, composting maturity is realized on the 28th day, the seed germination index is >70%, and the organic matter conversion rate is 56.38%, which is increased by 36.2% compared with the organic matter conversion rate (41.7%) of the traditional high-temperature aerobic composting in the prior art carried out by Ma et al. on a 60L composting reactor scale.

[0074] Meanwhile, the single treatment amount of the unpowered and intelligent integrated dual-purpose composting reactor is 2.5t, which is the amount of excrement of 840 pigs, the unit treatment capacity is 893kg / day, the energy consumption is 2.16kWh / day, and the energy consumption per ton of treatment is 24.20kWh / t. Compared with the 40L composting tank reactor used in the prior art, the energy consumption per ton of treatment is about 369.2kWh / t, and the energy consumption of the composting reactor is reduced by about 93.44%, which greatly reduces the energy loss.

[0075] As another specific embodiment of the present application, the effect evaluation of the composting device under the natural unpowered ventilation condition is as follows:

[0076] The fresh chicken manure is mixed with corn straw according to a wet basis ratio of 9.5:0.5 to carry out natural ventilation composting, the initial material moisture content is adjusted to 60%, and the ventilation mode is natural ventilation. Two treatment modes are set as follows:

[0077] In T1 treatment, the baled corn straw is loaded into two chimneys of the unpowered and intelligent integrated dual-purpose composting reactor of the present application, the baled straw is placed in the form of a cross at the bottom of the composting tank, and then the mixed material is added for composting.

[0078] In T2 treatment, the mixed material is stacked into a trapezoidal stack with a scale of about 3m 3 In a certain place, the composting time is from December of the current year to February of the next year, and the period is 70 days. The sample is taken on the day of composting and every 7 days, and the sampling points are divided into three layers, with a 15cm interval between two layers. The research results show that the unpowered cross ventilation of the composting reactor of the present application can promote rapid temperature rise of composting, the highest temperature (74.81 DEG C) is reached on the 7th day, which is 12 days earlier than that of the pile composting, and the temperature peak (74.81 DEG C) is significantly higher than that of the pile composting (50.46 DEG C). Composting maturity is realized on the 21st day, and the seed germination index is >70%.

[0079] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0080] (1) The application utilizes the air chamber composed of the grating lining plate connected with the air inlet at the bottom of the compost box, the three-side ventilation groove, and the detachable bottom plate with ventilation holes to integrate the ventilation assembly, and places the bundled straw materials in the two steel cages (the steel cage adopts the vertical columnar hollow chimney form) arranged inside the compost box, utilizes the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the pile in the vertical channel, and hot air rises to realize the natural flow of air in the pile, that is, the "chimney effect", so that the external gas can diffuse into the pile in time, and the oxygen supply in the compost box is sufficient and uniform. The application utilizes the "chimney effect" to realize the rapid and uniform dispersion of oxygen in the pile under the condition of no power, reduces the resistance of the material to oxygen diffusion, realizes the effects of improving the composting temperature, composting degree, organic matter conversion rate, and shortening the composting period.

[0081] (2) When it is necessary to speed up the composting period, the reactor can also perform forced ventilation on the compost box through the air exposure fan connected with the air inlet at the bottom of the compost box, the gas enters the ventilation assembly from the pipeline, and the hollow chimney form steel cage is further utilized to promote oxygen diffusion, increase the oxygen concentration in the pile, promote the fermentation and temperature rise of the pile, and realize one machine with two functions.

[0082] (3) The electrical control panel installed on the left side of the compost box can regulate and control the aeration rate by operating the electrical control panel, and can also detect the temperature of the aeration gas and the pile through the sensor, and accurately control the aeration according to the temperature, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0083] (4) The push-pull sealing cover connected with the top of the compost box adopts a selective permeable molecular film, has selective permeability, prevents rainwater from entering the pile in the compost box, and the push-pull sealing cover is connected with the compost box through a push-pull pulley structure, so as to facilitate the opening of the feeding port at the top of the compost box to facilitate feeding into the compost box.

[0084] In the description of the application, the terms "first", "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0085] In the description of the present application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the application. Details are set forth in the following description for purpose of explanation. It should be appreciated that one of ordinary skill in the art would realize that the application can be practiced without the use of these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not elaborated as they would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited by the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded with the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed.

[0086] The above description is merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. Variations and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Any variations and modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration, characterized in that, include: Compost bins, retractable sealing covers, steel cages, and ventilation components; The push-pull sealing cover is slidably connected to the top of the compost bin; The compost bin has a reaction chamber inside and a feed inlet at the top for loading bundles of straw into the steel cage. When the push-pull sealing cover is opened, the feed inlet of the compost bin is open to allow material to be fed in from the feed inlet. The ventilation component is connected to the air inlet at the bottom of the composting bin. The ventilation component is located inside the composting bin and is disposed at the bottom of the composting bin. The ventilation component introduces gas from outside the composting bin into the reaction chamber of the composting bin. The steel cage is vertically installed inside the compost bin and is positioned above the ventilation assembly.

2. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation assembly includes: an air chamber composed of a grille liner, a three-sided ventilation slot, and a ventilation base plate; The air chamber has multiple ventilation cavities for ventilation; The three-sided ventilation slot is located at the bottom of the air chamber; The ventilation base plate is located on top of the air chamber.

3. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes material loading escalators, The feeding ladder is located on one side of the compost bin.

4. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The three-sided ventilation slot has multiple ventilation pipes; the ventilation pipes extend outside the compost bin and communicate with the ventilation cavity of the air chamber; The ventilation base plate has multiple first ventilation holes; The first ventilation hole is connected to the ventilation cavity of the air chamber.

5. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The compost bin has multiple second ventilation holes; each second ventilation hole is detachably connected to a cover. The second ventilation hole is connected to the interior of the compost bin.

6. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The compost bin has multiple air inlets; The air inlet is connected to the ventilation assembly; The air inlet is detachably connected to a cover.

7. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The air inlet is located at the bottom of the composting bin, and an aeration fan is connected to the outside of the air inlet.

8. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compost bin has multiple openings for loading bundles of straw-like materials.

9. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An electrical control panel is installed on the left side of the compost bin.

10. The dual-purpose composting reactor integrating non-powered and intelligent aeration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The push-pull sealing cover is made of a selectively permeable molecular membrane.

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