Biomass-based dust suppressant as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppressants, and particularly relates to a biomass-based dust suppressant as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The biomass-based material comprises a micron-sized structure and a nano-sized structure distributed on the micron-sized structure. After the dust suppressant is sprayed on the surface layer of minerals such as coal, the dust suppression mechanism is changed according to the change of the water content, and when the water content is high, the dust suppressant can adhere to coal dust to suppress flying of the coal dust; when water volatilizes, the micro-nano biomass material or the water-soluble cellulose derivative can spontaneously assemble into a film, and the dried dust suppressant has a complete film-forming structure, certain strength, wind erosion resistance and strong affinity with coal, so that the long-time dust suppression capability of the dust suppressant can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dust suppressant technology, and particularly relates to a biomass-based dust suppressant, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Coal dust is unavoidable during coal mining and transportation, and is a significant source of PM2.5 pollution. Working in tunnels with large amounts of coal dust (aerosols) for extended periods can easily lead to severe silicosis.

[0003] During coal transportation, the bumps caused by the roadbed, switches, and track facilities, coupled with the effects of wind, especially when trains enter tunnels, create a sudden and powerful turbulent airflow. This causes fine coal dust particles smaller than 30 mesh to easily spill or disperse, resulting in losses and environmental pollution along the route. Furthermore, coal dust spilled onto the road surface is further compacted by subsequent vehicles, creating even smaller and more concentrated secondary dust, leading to further coal dust loss and dust pollution along the line. More seriously, in relatively enclosed environments such as coal mining roadways, tunnels, and conveyor belt bridges, when the coal dust concentration in the air exceeds the explosive limit, it can trigger a severe dust explosion. In addition, railway coal transportation also presents the following problems: a) Coal dust falling into farmland, forests, and roadsides along the railway not only affects the normal growth of crops and trees but also pollutes other vehicles on the road; b) Coal dust accumulating on the railway track bed can bury and corrode fasteners, rail slabs, and other components, creating safety hazards, reducing the service life of the railway, and increasing the difficulty of railway maintenance.

[0004] Therefore, effectively suppressing coal dust during coal mining, transportation, and use is an important measure concerning life, health, and safe production.

[0005] Wet dust removal is currently the most widely used method, employing coal seam water injection or spraying at the coal face for dust suppression. However, wet dust removal has several drawbacks: First, the hydrophilicity of water and coal dust makes it difficult to quickly capture fine coal dust, resulting in unsatisfactory dust suppression with just water. Therefore, large amounts of wetting chemical inhibitors are needed to enhance the interaction between coal dust and water. Second, water evaporates quickly, requiring continuous and repeated spraying or watering to achieve a long-term dust-free environment, wasting water resources and increasing transportation load and costs. Therefore, developing green and long-lasting coal dust inhibitors is key to solving coal dust pollution and hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dust suppressant that can effectively inhibit dust accumulation on coal mine surfaces, avoid water waste, and has low transportation costs.

[0007] Specifically, the present invention provides a dust suppressant, the dust suppressant comprising a biomass-based material; the biomass-based material comprising a micron-scale structure and a nano-scale structure distributed on the micron-scale structure.

[0008] The present invention also provides a dust suppressant comprising a biomass-based dispersion, wherein the dispersion comprises the aforementioned biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, wherein the biomass-based material is distributed in the dispersing agent, and the dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the biomass-based material.

[0009] The present invention also provides a dust suppressant, the dust suppressant comprising a surface-modified biomass-based material or a surface-modified biomass-based dispersion; the surface-modified biomass-based dispersion comprising a surface-modified biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, the surface-modified biomass-based material being dispersed in the dispersing agent; the dispersing agent being a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the surface-modified biomass-based material; the surface-modified biomass-based material being a surface-modified version of the above-mentioned biomass-based material; or a material prepared by the preparation method of the biomass-based material, except that the raw biomass is replaced with surface-modified biomass.

[0010] The present invention also provides a dust suppressant, the dust suppressant comprising a substituted biomass-based material or a substituted biomass-based dispersion; the substituted biomass dispersion comprising a substituted biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, the substituted biomass-based material being dispersed in the dispersing agent; the dispersing agent being a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the substituted biomass-based material; the biomass-based material in the substituted biomass-based dispersion being the aforementioned biomass-based material; or a material prepared by the preparation method of the biomass-based material, except that the raw biomass is replaced with surface-modified biomass.

[0011] The present invention also provides a dust suppressant, the dust suppressant comprising a multi-component biomass-based dispersion, wherein the continuous phase of the multi-component biomass-based dispersion is a dispersing agent, and the dispersed phase of the dispersion contains a functional component and at least one of the following components 1) to 3):

[0012] 1) The above-mentioned biomass-based materials;

[0013] 2) The above-mentioned alternative biomass-based materials;

[0014] 3) The above-mentioned surface-modified biomass-based materials.

[0015] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned dust suppressant in dust suppression.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] (1) The dust suppressant in this invention includes biomass-based materials, which are environmentally friendly and biodegradable.

[0018] (2) The preparation of the dust suppressant of the present invention is a simple physical process, without the complex synthetic chemical process of synthesizing polymers in traditional organic reinforcing agents.

[0019] (3) The present invention prepares the reinforcing agent by dissolution and regeneration method, which has low energy consumption, the solvent can be recycled and reused, no chemical consumption, and is environmentally friendly.

[0020] (4) The dust suppressant provided by this invention changes its dust suppression mechanism according to the change in moisture content after being sprayed on the surface of coal. When the moisture content is high, the dust suppressant will adhere to the coal dust and inhibit the coal dust from flying. When the moisture evaporates, the micro-nano biomass materials or water-soluble cellulose derivatives in it will spontaneously assemble into a film. After drying, the film structure of the dust suppressant is complete, has a certain strength, is resistant to wind erosion, and has a strong affinity with coal, which can ensure its long-term dust suppression ability. It is not only suitable for dust suppression in the coal transportation process, but also for coal dust control in the coal mining environment, so as to reduce environmental pollution, human health, and production safety problems in the coal mining and transportation process.

[0021] (5) The dust suppressant in this invention includes biomass-based materials and dispersing agents, wherein the dispersing agent is at least one of water, HCl aqueous solution, NaOH aqueous solution or inorganic salt aqueous solution, and a good dust suppression effect can be achieved with a small amount of the agent used; at the same time, the transportation cost of the dust suppressant is low. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the cellulose dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the straw dust suppressant prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a SEM image of the cellulose derivative dust suppressant prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a SEM image of the cellulose dust suppressant prepared in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a SEM image of the cellulose dust suppressant prepared in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a test diagram of the dust suppression effect in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a test diagram of the dust suppression effect in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a dust suppression effect test diagram in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a dust suppression effect test diagram in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a dust suppression effect test diagram in Example 5 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] [Preparation methods for biomass-based materials]

[0033] This invention provides a method for preparing biomass-based materials, wherein the preparation method is selected from method A or method B, wherein method A includes the following steps:

[0034] Biomass is dissolved in a solvent to form a biomass solution;

[0035] The above-mentioned biomass solution and coagulation bath are added to a crushing device, and mechanical crushing is performed while they are being mixed; the biomass-based material is thus prepared.

[0036] Method B includes the following steps: pouring a biomass solution into a coagulation bath to form a biomass gel; and performing micro-nano processing on the biomass gel through mechanical crushing to obtain the biomass-based material.

[0037] The biomass-based material includes a micron-scale structure and a nano-scale structure distributed on the micron-scale structure.

[0038] The mechanical crushing process includes methods such as homogenizers, colloid mills, or ball mills.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A, after the biomass solution and coagulation bath are crushed, the biomass-based material is obtained by filtration and washing.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A, after the washing step, a concentration step can be flexibly selected according to the application or field.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, method B further includes a washing step before mechanical crushing.

[0042] According to embodiments of the present invention, the reagents used in the washing steps of methods A and B are selected from at least one of water, alcohol, an alcohol-water mixture, an aqueous HCl solution, an aqueous NaOH solution, and an aqueous inorganic salt solution, preferably water and / or alcohol, such as water. The alcohol is, for example, at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, glycerol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol, preferably methanol, ethanol, or ethylene glycol, with ethanol being an example. Further, the ratio of alcohol to water in the alcohol-water mixture is not particularly limited, for example, it can be (1-10):(1-10), preferably 1:(1-10), with examples of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:10. Exemplarily, the inorganic salt can be selected from at least one of Na₂SO₄, NaCl, KCl, CaCl₂, MgCl₂, FeCl₃, KNO₃, and NaNO₃. The reagents used may be the same as or different from the coagulation bath.

[0043] In method A of the present invention, biomass is first completely or partially dissolved in a solvent, and the ordered structure of natural macromolecules (taking cellulose as an example, including lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose, etc.) in the biomass is completely or partially destroyed by dissolution or swelling to form a biomass solution; the biomass solution is mixed with a coagulation bath and simultaneously subjected to crushing treatment: the biomass solution comes into contact with the coagulation bath and rapidly undergoes a gelation transformation to form a loose gel network structure. At the same time, the loose gel network structure is instantly crushed under the crushing treatment of the crushing device, thereby obtaining the biomass-based material of the present invention.

[0044] The inventors unexpectedly discovered that in method A, if the two-phase fluids of biomass solution and coagulation bath are simultaneously injected into the crushing device, the mixture will be crushed. By maximally compressing the gelation time, the strength of the biomass gel is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the crushing difficulty and mechanical energy consumption. A large amount of biomass material can be prepared in a short time with high production efficiency.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A or method B, the biomass solution may be a homogeneous solution in which the biomass is completely dissolved or a heterogeneous solution in which the biomass is partially dissolved.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A or method B, the biomass-based material formed by the homogeneous solution is type II cellulose, and the biomass-based material formed by the heterogeneous solution is a complex of type I cellulose and type II cellulose.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A or method B, there is no particular limitation on the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the biomass solution, for example, the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the biomass solution is ≥2%, preferably ≥3%. Further research has found that, using the method of the present invention, even if the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the biomass solution is ≥4%, high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption production can still be carried out.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A or method B, in order to improve production efficiency, the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the biomass solution is greater than or equal to 4%, preferably greater than or equal to 6%, and more preferably greater than or equal to 8%.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A or method B, the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the biomass solution can reach 8%, preferably 10%, and more preferably 20%, for example 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 25%, or 30%.

[0050] As an example, when the biomass raw material is wood pulp, the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the corresponding biomass solution can reach 10%; when the biomass raw material is straw, the mass percentage concentration of biomass in the corresponding biomass solution can reach 30%.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of the biomass solution to the coagulation bath is 1:1 to 1:200, preferably 1:10 to 1:200, and more preferably 1:0 to 1:100, for example, 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, 1:70, 1:80, 1:90, 1:100, 1:110, 1:120, 1:130, 1:140, 1:150, 1:160, 1:170, 1:180, 1:190 or 1:200.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A, the shearing speed of the crushing device is 500-20000 rpm, preferably 1500-8000 rpm, and more preferably 1500-3000 rpm.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in method A, the addition of the biomass solution and coagulation bath to the crushing device includes the following steps: adding the biomass solution and coagulation bath to a crushing device such as a colloid mill, homogenizer or ball mill at the above volume ratio, and crushing the biomass solution and coagulation bath while mixing to form a micro-nano structure, thereby obtaining the biomass-based material.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature for dissolving the biomass is room temperature to 160°C, preferably 50-120°C, and more preferably 60-90°C.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dissolution time of the biomass is 0.5-6 hours, preferably 0.5-3 hours, and more preferably 1-2 hours.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dissolution of the biomass is carried out under stirring, microwave or ultrasonic conditions.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass is derived from one, two or more of the following substances: cellulose or its derivatives, starch or its derivatives, chitosan or its derivatives, chitin, alginate, lignin, dextran, hemicellulose, straw, plant stems and leaves, reeds, bagasse, Chinese medicine residue, tea residue, corn cob, fruit shell, vines, and branches.

[0058] For example, the cellulose derivative includes one or more of the following substances: carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

[0059] For example, the starch derivative includes one of the following substances: carboxymethyl starch; for example, the chitosan derivative includes one of the following substances: carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0060] For example, the cellulose is selected from one, two or more of microcrystalline cellulose, cotton pulp, refined cotton, defatted cotton, wood pulp, cotton linters, bamboo pulp, straw pulp, bacterial cellulose and low-quality cellulose.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the starch is selected from one, two or more of the following: soluble starch, amylopectin, high amylose, amylose, mung bean starch, potato starch, wheat starch, sweet potato starch, water chestnut starch, lotus root starch, water caltrop starch, corn starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, kudzu starch, cassava starch, coconut starch, crystal starch, and cornstarch.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass is selected from at least one of microcrystalline cellulose, bacterial cellulose, lignin, cotton pulp, wood pulp, bamboo pulp, straw pulp, refined cotton, defatted cotton, cotton linters, sugarcane bagasse, wood, and straw; preferably one or more of microcrystalline cellulose, refined cotton, defatted cotton, and wood pulp.

[0063] Preferably, the lignin may be selected from one or more of syringyl lignin, guaiacyl lignin, and p-hydroxyphenyl lignin; or, the lignin may be selected from one or more of alkaline lignin, acidic lignin, dealkalized lignin, and organic solvent-soluble lignin.

[0064] The low-quality cellulose is plant tissue containing at least cellulose and lignin, such as herbaceous plants and / or agricultural and forestry waste.

[0065] For example, the herbaceous plant is selected from one or more of trees, shrubs, vines, leaves, and bamboo.

[0066] For example, the agricultural and forestry waste is selected from one or more of the following: tree bark, leaves, sawdust, crop straw, fruit shells or kernels, corn cobs, sugarcane bagasse, etc.

[0067] Preferably, the straw can be selected from one or more of wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, soybean straw, cotton straw, ginger stalks, and sesame straw.

[0068] According to embodiments of the present invention, the solvent for dissolving biomass can be selected from any excellent solvent known in the art capable of completely dissolving biomass. Preferably, depending on the type of cellulose or cellulose-containing raw material, the selected solvent can be selected from one or more of the following systems: organic solvents, ionic liquids, mixed solvents of ionic liquids and organic solvents, choline-type ionic liquid eutectic solvent systems, organic solvent / salt systems, amine oxide systems (NMMO), urethane systems, alkali / water systems, alkali / urea systems, alkali / thiourea systems, liquid ammonia / NH4SCN, organic acids, aqueous solutions of metal salts, alcoholic solutions of metal hydrates, and aqueous-alcoholic mixed solutions of metal hydrates, etc.

[0069] The organic solvent may be selected from one or more of N,N-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N-methylimidazolium, imidazolium, pyridine, ethylenediamine, hexafluoroacetone, hexafluoroisopropanol, glycerol, methyl isobutyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and γ-valerol (GVL).

[0070] The organic solvent / salt system may be selected from one or more of the following: N,N-dimethylacetamide / lithium chloride (DMAc / LiCl) system, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone / NMP, and N,N-dimethyl sulfoxide / tetrabutylamine fluoride system (DMSO / TBAF).

[0071] The alkali / water system can be selected from one or both of NaOH / H2O and KOH / H2O.

[0072] The alkali / urea system can be selected from NaOH / Urea.

[0073] The alkaline / thiourea system is selected from NaOH / thiourea.

[0074] The organic acid may be selected from one or more of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and benzylsulfonic acid.

[0075] The aqueous solution of the metal salt is preferably an aqueous solution of metal salts such as CaCl2, ZnCl2, LiClO4, Ca(SCN)2, and LiSCN.

[0076] The alcoholic solution of the metal hydrate can be selected from a methanol solution of CaBr2·H2O or a methanol solution of CaCl2·2H2O.

[0077] The aqueous-alcoholic mixed solution of the metal hydrate can be selected from the methanol aqueous solution of CaBr2·H2O or the methanol aqueous solution of CaCl2·2H2O.

[0078] The amine oxide system can be an NMMO / H2O / DMSO system, an NMMO / H2O / diethyltriamine system, or an NMMO / H2O system.

[0079] The ionic liquid is selected from organic molten salts formed by cations and anions with a melting point below 100°C, and is preferably an organic molten salt capable of dissolving the biomass natural polymer.

[0080] For example, the cation of the ionic liquid is selected from one or more of substituted or unsubstituted imidazole, pyridine, pyrrole, amine, phosphine, choline, diazabicyclic, and amino acid-type cations; for example, the substituent can be C. 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 One or more of alkenyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl groups; preferably one or more of methyl, ethyl, butyl, and allyl groups;

[0081] Preferably, the cation is selected from one or more of the following cations: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([EMIM]), 3-methylimidazolium cation ([MIM]), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([PMIM]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([AMIM]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([BMIM]), 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium cation ([BMMIM]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium cation ([MMIM]), 1-methoxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([MeOEMIM]), 1-methoxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([MeOMMIM]), 1-hydroxy-3-methylimidazolium cation ([HMIM]), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium cation ([HOEMIM]), 1-methyl-3-benzylmethylimidazolium cation ([MBzIM]), 1 The following cations are listed: pentyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([PeMIM]), 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([BzMIM]), 1-m-methoxybenzyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([MeOBzMIM]), 1-m-methylbenzyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([MeBzMIM]), N-methylpyridine cation ([MPyr]), N-ethylpyridine cation ([EPyr]), N-butylpyridine cation ([BPyr]), N-hexylpyridine cation ([HPyr]), 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidone ion ([BMPyrr]), tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine ([THEMA]), tetrabutylamine ([TBA]), tetrabutylphosphine ([PBu4]), glycine cation ([Gly]), choline cation ([Ch]), and 1,5-diazazobicyclo[4.3.0]one-5-ene ([DBNH]).

[0082] More preferably, the cation is selected from one or more of the following cations: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([EMIM]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([AMIM]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([BMIM]), and choline cation ([Ch]).

[0083] For example, the anion is selected from one or more of the following: halogen anions, organic acid radicals, organic acid ester anions, and amino acid anions.

[0084] Preferably, the anion shown is selected from one or more of the following anions: chloride ion ([Cl]), bromide ion ([Br]), fluoride ion ([F]), formate ion ([HCOO]), acetate ion ([CH3COO] or [Ac]), glycolate ion ([HOCH2COO]), propionate ion ([CH3CH2COO] or [OPr]), butyrate ion ([CH3CH2CH2COO] or [OBu]), octanoate ion ([Oct]), benzoate ion ([C6H5COO] or [PhCOO]), lactate ion ([CH3CH(OH)COO] or [Lac]), and thioglycolate ion ([HSCH2COO]). The anions include one or more of the following: hexafluorophosphate ([PF6]), trifluoroborate ([BF3]), methyl phosphate ([(MeO)HPO2] or [MP]), dimethyl phosphate ([(MeO)2PO2] or [DMP]), diethyl phosphate ([(EtO)2PO2] or [DEP]), methanesulfonate anion ([MeOSO3]), trifluoromethanesulfonate anion ([CF3SO3]), glycine anion ([Gly]), lysine anion ([Lys]), valine anion ([Val]), dicyandiamide anion ([N(CN)2] or [DCA]), and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonylimide) ([Tf2N]).

[0085] More preferably, the anion is selected from one or more of the following anions: chloride ion ([Cl]), formate ion ([HCOO]), acetate ion ([Ac]), methyl phosphate ion ([(MeO)HPO2] or [MP]), dimethyl phosphate ion ([(MeO)2PO2] or [DMP]) and dicyandiamide anion ([N(CN)2] or [DCA]).

[0086] According to the present invention, the ionic liquid may be selected from one or more of the following ionic liquids: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([EMIM][Cl]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid ([EMIM][Br]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium formate ionic liquid ([EMIM][HCOO]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid ([EMIM][Ac]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium octanoate ionic liquid ([EMIM][Oct]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][MP]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][MP]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][Cl]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][CLOOD]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium octanoate ionic liquid ([EMIM][Oct]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][MP]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][CLOOD]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][CLOOD]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][CLOOD]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ... [EMIM][DMP]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([EMIM][DEP]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium propionate ionic liquid ([EMIM][OPr]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium octate ionic liquid ([EMIM][OBu]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium glycinate ionic liquid ([EMIM][Gly]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium lysine ionic liquid ([EMIM][Lys]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid ([AMIM][Br]), 1-ene 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium carbamate ionic liquid ([AMIM][HCOO]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid ([AMIM][Ac]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([BMIM][Cl]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid ([BMIM][Br]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium carbamate ionic liquid ([BMIM][HCOO]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid ([BMIM][Ac]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxyacetate ionic liquid ([BMIM][HOCH2COO]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium propionate ionic liquid The following ionic liquids are available: [BMIM][CH3CH2COO], [BMIM][Lac], [BMIM][CH3CH2CH2COO], [BMIM][C6H5COO], [BMIM][H2NCH2COO], [BMIM][N(CN)2], and [BMIM][Tf2N].1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid ([BMIM][PF6]), 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid ([BMIM][BF4]), 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate ionic liquid ([BMIM][MeOSO3]), 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ionic liquid ([BMIM][CF3SO3]), 1-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid ([BMMIM][BF4]), 3-methylimidazolium formate ionic liquid ([MIM][HCOO]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([MMIM][Cl]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([MMIM][Cl]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride... 1,3-Dimethylimidazolium methyl phosphate ionic liquid ([MMIM][MP]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquid ([MMIM][DMP]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methanesulfonate ionic liquid ([MMIM][MeOSO3]), 1-hydroxy-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([HMIM][Cl]), 1-hydroxy-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethyl sulfonate ionic liquid ([HMIM][CF3SO3]), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([HOEMIM][Cl]), 1-methoxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid ([MeOMMIM][Br]), 1-methoxyethyl N-methyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid ([MeOEMIM][Br]), N-ethylpyridine chloride ionic liquid ([EPyr][Cl]), N-ethylpyridine bromide ionic liquid ([EPyr][Br]), N-methylpyridine carboxylate ionic liquid ([MPyr][HCOO]), tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine acetate ionic liquid ([THEMA][Ac]), tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine methanesulfonate ionic liquid ([THEMA][MeOSO3]), tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate ionic liquid [THEMA][CF3SO3], tetrabutylphosphine valine ionic liquid [PBu4][Val], tetrabutylphosphine lis Amino acid salt ionic liquids [PBu4][Lys], tetrabutylphosphine glycine salt ionic liquid [PBu4][Gly], 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([BzMIM][Cl]), 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyandiamide salt ionic liquid ([BzMIM][DCA]), 1-m-methylbenzyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([MeBzMIM][Cl]), 1-m-methoxybenzyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([MeOBzMIM][Cl]), choline chloride ionic liquid ([Ch][Cl]), choline bromide ionic liquid (Ch][Br]), and choline acetate ionic liquid ([Ch][CH3COO]).Ionic liquids include propionic choline ([Ch][CH3CH2COO]), butyrate choline ([Ch][CH3CH2CH2COO]), glycine hydrochloride ([Gly][Cl]), and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]ketone-5-ene acetate ([DBNH][Ac]).

[0087] Preferably, the choline-type eutectic solvent system is selected from one or more of [Ch][Cl] / urea, [Ch][Br] / urea, [Ch][Cl] / thio-urea, [Ch][Cl] / glycerol, and [Ch][Cl] / lactic acid.

[0088] Preferably, the solvent system for dissolving cellulose or cellulose-containing raw materials is selected from the ionic liquid and / or the NaOH / Urea system; more preferably, the ionic liquid for dissolving cellulose or cellulose-containing raw materials is selected from one or more of [AMIM][Cl], [BMIM][Cl], [EMIM][Ac], and [BMIM][Ac].

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the coagulation bath is selected from at least one of water, alcohol, an alcohol-water mixture, an aqueous HCl solution, an aqueous NaOH solution, and an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt, preferably water and / or alcohol, such as water. The alcohol is, for example, at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, glycerol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol, preferably methanol, ethanol, or ethylene glycol, with ethanol being an example. Further, the ratio of alcohol to water in the alcohol-water mixture is not particularly limited, for example, it can be (1-10):(1-10), preferably 1:(1-10), with examples of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:10. Exemplarily, the inorganic salt can be selected from at least one of Na₂SO₄, NaCl, KCl, CaCl₂, MgCl₂, FeCl₃, KNO₃, and NaNO₃.

[0090] Dust suppressant

[0091] A dust suppressant agent, wherein the reinforcing agent comprises a biomass-based material prepared by the above method, wherein the biomass-based material comprises a micron-scale structure and a nano-scale structure distributed on the micron-scale structure.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass-based material is prepared by the above method.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass-based material is a recycled natural polymer (e.g., type II cellulose, or a mixture of type II cellulose and type I cellulose), wherein the recycled natural polymer includes a micron-scale structure and a nano-scale structure distributed on the micron-scale structure.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the size (i.e., the average volume size) of the micron-scale structure is 10μm to 100μm, preferably 20μm to 70μm, and more preferably 30μm to 50μm, for example, any value among 10μm, 20μm, 30μm, 40μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, and 100μm, or any point value among any two intermediate values.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the size (i.e., the volume average size) of the micron-scale structure is 10 μm to 300 μm, preferably 50 μm to 250 μm, and more preferably 100 μm to 200 μm, for example, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 115 μm, 120 μm, 12 Any value from 5μm, 130μm, 135μm, 140μm, 145μm, 150μm, 155μm, 160μm, 165μm, 170μm, 175μm, 180μm, 185μm, 190μm, 195μm, 200μm, 210μm, 220μm, 230μm, 240μm, 250μm, 260μm, 270μm, 280μm, 290μm, 300μm, or any point value from the intermediate values ​​formed by any two points.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the nanoscale structure is 500nm to 1500nm, preferably 700nm to 1200nm, and more preferably 800nm ​​to 1000nm, for example, any value or any intermediate value among 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1000nm, 1100nm, 1200nm, 1300nm, 1400nm, and 1500nm.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the nanoscale structure is 200nm to 600nm, preferably 300nm to 500nm, for example, any value among 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, and 600nm, or any intermediate value formed by any two of these values.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aspect ratio of the nanoscale structure is 1:1 to 1:150, the aspect ratio of the nanoscale structure is 1:1 to 1:100, and preferably the aspect ratio of the nanoscale structure is 1:1 to 1:50.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the micron-level structure includes at least one of micron-sheets, micron-fibers, and micron-level structures.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the micron-scale structure is fibrous or membrane-like, and may also be referred to as broom-like.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the nanoscale structure is distributed on the surface and / or edges of the micrometer-scale structure. Specifically, the nanoscale structure is densely distributed on the surface and / or edges of the micrometer-scale structure.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the nanoscale structure is distributed on a micrometer-scale structure and thus forms a flocculent structure as a whole.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the nanoscale structure is distributed on a micrometer-scale structure and thus forms an integral structure similar to a porous sponge.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the nanoscale structure and the micrometer-scale structure together form a feather-like structure.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the nanoscale structure is in the form of a villous, tentacle-like, whisker-like, or other irregular structure.

[0106] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass-based material has a granular, fibrous, sheet-like, feather-like, dendritic, flocculent, or porous sponge-like structure.

[0107] A dust suppressant comprising a surface-modified biomass-based material, which is a surface-modified version of the aforementioned biomass-based material; or a material prepared by the aforementioned method for preparing biomass-based materials, except that the raw biomass is replaced with surface-modified biomass.

[0108] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface modification may be surface cationization modification, surface anionization modification, or surface hydrophobic treatment.

[0109] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface-modified biomass-based material has the same structure as the biomass-based material.

[0110] A dust suppressant comprising a substitute biomass-based material, which is a substitute for the aforementioned biomass-based material; or a material prepared by the aforementioned method for preparing biomass-based materials, except that the raw biomass is replaced with the substitute biomass.

[0111] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the substituted biomass-based material is a low-substituted biomass-based material. Preferably, the degree of substitution of the low-substituted biomass-based material is 0.0001 to 2.0, more preferably 0.001 to 1.8, for example 0.1, 0.5, 0.65, 0.86, 1.46, 1.6.

[0112] According to embodiments of the present invention, the substitution may be selected from one or more of esterification, acylation, etherification, amidation, or ammoniation.

[0113] According to embodiments of the present invention, the substitution can be prepared by reacting a functionalized derivatizing agent with a biomass-based material or biomass. For example, the functionalized derivatizing agent can be selected from esterification agents, acylation agents, etherification agents, ammoniation agents, and / or amidation agents.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the substituted biomass-based material may be selected from cellulose acetate (e.g., cellulose acetate with a degree of substitution of 0.65, 0.86, 1.46, or 1.6) or cellulose-g-polylactic acid.

[0115] A dust suppressant comprising a biomass-based dispersion, wherein the dispersion comprises the aforementioned biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, wherein the biomass-based material is dispersed in the dispersing agent, and the dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the biomass-based material.

[0116] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass-based material exists in the dispersion in the form of a microgel.

[0117] According to an embodiment of the present invention, hydroxyl groups are distributed on the micron-scale and / or nano-scale structures of the biomass-based material, and the micron-scale structures and nano-scale structures, or the micron-scale structures, nano-scale structures and fluids, form a gel network through hydrogen bonds to form a microgel.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agent is selected from at least one of water, aqueous HCl solution, aqueous NaOH solution, and aqueous inorganic salt solution, preferably, the dispersing agent is selected from water.

[0119] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass-based material has a mass fraction of 0.050-95 wt.% in the dispersion.

[0120] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic salt may be selected from at least one of Na2SO4, NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl3, KNO3, NaNO3, etc.

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass-based dispersion is transparent, milky white, light brown, or light yellow. A dust suppressant comprises a surface-modified biomass-based dispersion, the dispersion comprising the aforementioned surface-modified biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, wherein the surface-modified biomass-based material is dispersed in the dispersing agent, and the dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the surface-modified biomass-based material.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agent has the definition described above, and is preferably water.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface-modified biomass-based material exists in the dispersion in the form of a microgel.

[0124] According to an embodiment of the present invention, hydroxyl groups are distributed on the micron-scale and / or nano-scale structures of the surface-modified biomass-based material, and the micron-scale structures and nano-scale structures, or the micron-scale structures, nano-scale structures and fluids, form a gel network through hydrogen bonds to form a microgel.

[0125] A dust suppressant comprising a substituted biomass-based dispersion, the dispersion comprising the aforementioned substituted biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, wherein the substituted biomass-based material is dispersed in the dispersing agent, and the dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the substituted biomass-based material.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agent of the dispersion has the meaning as described above, and is preferably water.

[0127] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of the substituted biomass-based material in the dispersion may be 0.050-95 wt.%; for example, it may be 0.5-10 wt.%.

[0128] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersion is a micro-nano dispersion; specifically, the biomass-based material is present in the dispersion in the form of a microgel.

[0129] According to an embodiment of the present invention, hydroxyl groups are distributed on the micron-scale and / or nano-scale structures of the biomass-based material, and the micron-scale structures and nano-scale structures, or the micron-scale structures, nano-scale structures and fluids, form a gel network through hydrogen bonds to form a microgel.

[0130] A dust suppressant comprising a multi-component biomass-based dispersion, wherein the continuous phase of the dispersion is a dispersing agent; the dispersed phase of the dispersion contains a functional component and at least one of the following components 1) to 3):

[0131] 1) The above-mentioned biomass-based materials;

[0132] 2) The above-mentioned alternative biomass-based materials;

[0133] 3) The above-mentioned surface-modified biomass-based materials.

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agent has the selections shown above, preferably water.

[0135] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the functional component is selected from one or more of the following substances: nanocellulose, carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerene, carbon black, silver nanowires, quantum dots, carbon dots, nanoFe3O4, drugs, etc.

[0136] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of the dispersed phase can be 0.050-95 wt.%; exemplaryly, it can be 0.5-10 wt.%.

[0137] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersion is a micro / nano dispersion; specifically, in the dispersion, the dispersed phase exists in the form of a microgel.

[0138] [Preparation method of biomass-based dispersion]

[0139] A method for preparing the above-mentioned biomass-based dispersion, selected from Scheme 1, Scheme 2, or Scheme 3:

[0140] Option 1: Dissolve biomass in a solvent to form a biomass solution. Add the biomass solution and coagulation bath to a crushing device for crushing. After filtration, wash with a dispersing agent to obtain a biomass-based dispersion.

[0141] Option 2: Dissolve biomass in a solvent to form a biomass solution, pour the biomass solution into a coagulation bath to form a biomass gel, wash the gel, and then further crush and homogenize it with a dispersing agent to obtain a biomass-based dispersion.

[0142] Option 3: Disperse the above-mentioned biomass-based materials in a dispersion reagent to form a biomass-based dispersion.

[0143] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solvent, coagulation bath, and dispersing agent have the definitions described above.

[0144] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in Scheme 1, the volume ratio of the dispersing agent to the coagulation bath has the definition described above.

[0145] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Scheme 1 includes the following steps: dissolving biomass in a solvent to form a biomass solution, adding the biomass solution and a coagulation bath simultaneously into a crushing device for crushing, washing, and obtaining a biomass-based dispersion.

[0146] According to an embodiment of the present invention, embodiment two includes the following steps: dissolving biomass in a solvent to form a biomass solution, pouring the biomass solution into a coagulation bath, washing the formed biomass gel, and further crushing and homogenizing it with a dispersing agent to obtain a biomass-based dispersion.

[0147] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in embodiment three, dispersing the biomass-based material in the dispersion reagent includes the following steps: adding the biomass-based material to the dispersion reagent and mixing it evenly.

[0148] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mixing can be carried out under stirring conditions.

[0149] [Preparation method of surface-modified biomass-based dispersion]

[0150] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned surface-modified biomass-based dispersion, comprising the following steps:

[0151] Surface-modified biomass is dissolved in a solvent to form a surface-modified biomass solution; the above surface-modified biomass solution and coagulation bath are added to a crushing device, and the two are crushed while being mixed to obtain the surface-modified biomass-based dispersion.

[0152] Alternatively, the above-mentioned surface-modified biomass solution can be poured into a coagulation bath, washed after forming a gel, and further crushed and homogenized with a dispersing agent to obtain the surface-modified biomass-based dispersion.

[0153] Alternatively, the biomass-based dispersion can be mixed with a modifying agent or obtained through surface chemical modification to obtain the surface-modified biomass-based dispersion.

[0154] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface-modified biomass-based material and the coagulation bath have the meanings described above.

[0155] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the modifying agent may be one or more of quaternary ammonium salts, sulfonates, phosphates, etc.; for example, sodium vinyl sulfonate or 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0156] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface-modified biomass-based material solution can be obtained by homogeneous chemical derivatization or functionalization of biomass-based material with a modifying reagent in the following solvent.

[0157] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the micro-nanoized solution of the surface-modified biomass-based material can be a biomass solution in which the surface-modified biomass-based material is completely dissolved or a heterogeneous dispersion in which the surface-modified biomass-based material is partially dissolved.

[0158] [Preparation method of biomass-based dispersant]

[0159] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned substituted biomass-based dispersion, comprising the following steps: dissolving substituted biomass in a solvent to form a substituted biomass solution; adding the above-mentioned substituted biomass solution and a coagulation bath into a crushing device, and crushing the two simultaneously to obtain the substituted biomass-based dispersion;

[0160] Alternatively, the above-mentioned substituted biomass solution is poured into a coagulation bath, and after forming a gel, it is washed and further crushed and homogenized with a dispersing agent to obtain the substituted biomass-based dispersion.

[0161] Alternatively, the biomass-based material dispersion can be mixed with a functionalized derivatizing agent and reacted to obtain the substituted biomass-based dispersion.

[0162] According to embodiments of the present invention, the substituted biomass-based material, coagulation bath, and functionalized derivatizing reagent have the meanings described above.

[0163] [Preparation method of multi-component biomass-based dispersion]

[0164] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned multi-component biomass-based dispersion, selected from Scheme 1, Scheme 2 or Scheme 3 below:

[0165] Option 1: A solution containing functional components and at least one of three components—biomass-based material, substituted biomass-based material, or surface-modified biomass-based material—is added to a coagulation bath and crushed in a crushing device. The two components are mixed and crushed simultaneously to obtain the multi-component biomass-based dispersion.

[0166] Option 2: Pour a solution containing functional components and at least one of the following three components—biomass-based material, substituted biomass-based material, or surface-modified biomass-based material—into a coagulation bath. After forming a gel, wash the solution and further crush and homogenize it with a dispersing agent to obtain the multi-component biomass-based dispersion.

[0167] Option 3: Mix at least one of the above-mentioned biomass-based dispersion, the above-mentioned substituted biomass-based dispersion, and the above-mentioned surface-modified biomass-based dispersion with a functional component to obtain the multi-component biomass-based dispersion.

[0168] According to embodiments of the present invention, the biomass-based material, the substituted biomass-based material, the surface-modified biomass-based material, the functional component, the coagulation bath, the biomass-based dispersion, the substituted biomass-based dispersion, and the surface-modified biomass-based dispersion all have the selections shown above.

[0169] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of the biomass-based material in the dust suppressant is 0.1-10 wt.%, preferably 2-8 wt.%, for example 0.5 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 4 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 6 wt.%, 7 wt.%, 8 wt.%, 9 wt.%, and 10 wt.%.

[0170] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dust suppressant of the present invention changes its dust suppression mechanism according to the change in moisture content after being sprayed on the surface of minerals: when the moisture content is high, the dust suppressant will adhere to coal dust and inhibit the flying of coal dust or other mineral dust; when the moisture content is low after evaporation, the biomass-based material in the dust suppressant will spontaneously assemble into a film. The dried film structure is complete, has a certain strength, is resistant to wind erosion, has strong affinity with the surface of coal and ore, and can maintain good dust suppression ability for a long time.

[0171] [Preparation method of dust suppressant]

[0172] A method for preparing the above-mentioned dust suppressant includes mixing a biomass-based material with a dispersing agent.

[0173] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agent is selected from at least one of water, aqueous HCl solution, aqueous NaOH solution, and aqueous inorganic salt solution.

[0174] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the biomass-based material contains flammable and explosive substances such as alcohols, the method further includes the following steps: first washing and / or replacing the flammable and explosive substances with water, HCl aqueous solution, NaOH aqueous solution or inorganic salt aqueous solution.

[0175] As an example, the method for preparing the dust suppressant includes the following steps: mixing at least one of a biomass-based material, a surface-modified biomass-based material, or a substituted biomass-based material with water.

[0176] As another example, the method for preparing the dust suppressant includes the following steps: mixing at least one of a biomass-based material dispersion, a surface-modified biomass-based material dispersion, or a substituted biomass-based material dispersion with water.

[0177] [application]

[0178] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned reinforcing agent in dust suppression.

[0179] Dust suppression methods

[0180] A dust suppression method includes spraying the dust suppressant onto the surface of a material to be suppressed and drying it, wherein the material to be suppressed includes bulk materials such as coal, iron concentrate, and copper concentrate.

[0181] The dust suppressant, its preparation method, and its application according to the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention are covered within the scope of protection intended by the present invention.

[0182] Unless otherwise stated, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available products or can be prepared by known methods.

[0183] The dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant was tested using the following method: Sand was molded into square pyramid-shaped blocks using a grinding tool. Then, the dust suppressant was applied at a specific dosage (calculated as the ratio of the solid biomass-based material in the dust suppressant to the surface area of ​​the sand cone; for example, 1 g / m²). 2 2g / m 2 The sand was sprayed evenly on the surface of the sand block and then allowed to air dry. The dried sand cones were then subjected to a wind erosion experiment using a blower. The wind force was increased every 60 seconds during the experiment until the sand block was destroyed. The maximum wind speed was measured and recorded with an anemometer each time the wind force was changed.

[0184] Example 1

[0185] 4g of dried wood pulp was added to a three-necked flask, followed by 96g of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]). The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 2 hours. The cellulose solution was then poured into 500mL of deionized water to obtain a light yellow transparent solid gel. This gel was subsequently crushed and centrifuged, and washed repeatedly with water until no precipitate was formed upon addition of AgNO3 to the filtrate. The filtered gel was then rehydrated to 400g, and homogenized twice under high pressure at 450 bar to obtain a uniformly dispersed cellulose dust suppressant with a solid content (biomass-based material) of 1%. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 As shown, the cellulose dust suppressant prepared in this embodiment has a flocculent morphology.

[0186] Example 2

[0187] 4g of dried straw powder was added to a three-necked flask, along with 96g of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]). The mixture was stirred at 120℃ for 4 hours. The straw solution was then poured into 500mL of deionized water to obtain a cellulose solution, yielding a brown solid gel. This gel was then crushed and centrifuged, and repeatedly washed with water until no precipitate was formed upon addition of AgNO3 to the filtrate. The filtered gel was rehydrated to 400g, and then homogenized twice under high pressure at 450 bar to obtain a uniformly dispersed straw dust suppressant with a solid content (biomass-based material) of 1%. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2As shown, the straw dust suppressant prepared in this embodiment has a dendritic morphology.

[0188] Example 3

[0189] 4g of dried Baka wood pulp cellulose was added to a three-necked flask, followed by 96g of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]). The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 2 hours, then 8g of lactide was added, and the reaction continued for 24 hours to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was poured into 500mL of ethanol, resulting in a white flocculent precipitate. This precipitate was repeatedly washed with ethanol until no precipitate was formed upon addition of AgNO3 to the filtrate. The precipitate was dried to obtain dried cellulose-g-PLA (biomass-based material). A 1% solution was prepared with water to obtain a cellulose derivative dust suppressant with a 1% solids content. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 3 As shown, the cellulose derivative dust suppressant prepared in this embodiment has a tendril-like morphology.

[0190] Example 4

[0191] 4g of dried microcrystalline cellulose was added to a three-necked flask, followed by 96g of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]). The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 2 hours to obtain a cellulose solution. This solution was then poured into 500mL of deionized water to obtain a light yellow, transparent solid gel. The gel was subsequently crushed and centrifuged, and washed repeatedly with water until no precipitate was formed upon addition of AgNO3 to the filtrate. The filtered gel was then rehydrated to 400g, and homogenized twice under high pressure at 450 bar to obtain a uniformly dispersed cellulose dust suppressant with a solid content (biomass-based material) of 1%. (See [link to relevant documentation]) Figure 4 As shown, the cellulose dust suppressant prepared in this embodiment has a broom-like morphology.

[0192] Example 5

[0193] 4g of dried cotton pulp cellulose was added to a three-necked flask, along with 96g of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]). The mixture was stirred at 80℃ for 2 hours to obtain a cellulose solution. This solution was then poured into 500mL of deionized water to obtain a light yellow, transparent solid gel. The gel was subsequently crushed and centrifuged, and washed repeatedly with water until no precipitate was formed upon addition of AgNO3 to the filtrate. The filtered gel was then rehydrated to 400g, and homogenized twice under high pressure at 450 bar to obtain a uniformly dispersed cellulose dust suppressant with a solid content (biomass-based material) of 1%. (See [link to relevant documentation]) Figure 5 As shown, the cellulose dust suppressant prepared in this embodiment has a sponge-like morphology.

[0194] Example 6

[0195] 4g of dried Baka wood pulp cellulose was added to a three-necked flask, along with 96g of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([AMIM][Cl]). After stirring at 80℃ for 2 hours, the cellulose solution was poured into 500mL of deionized water to obtain a cellulose solution and a light yellow transparent solid gel. The gel was then crushed and centrifuged, and repeatedly washed with water until no precipitate was formed when AgNO3 was added to the filtrate. The filtered gel was then refilled with water to 400g, and then homogenized twice under high pressure at 450bar to obtain a uniformly dispersed cellulose dust suppressant with a solid content (biomass-based material) of 1%.

[0196] Comparison of effects 1

[0197] Using pure water as a dust suppressant, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. The dust suppressant spraying rate was 1 g / m³. 2 .

[0198] Test results: See Figure 6 As shown, pure water has no dust suppression effect; when the wind speed is less than 10 m / s, the sand on the surface of the sand cone will be destroyed.

[0199] Comparison of effects 2

[0200] Using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a dust suppressant, the dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 7 As shown, when the dosage is 1g / m 2 The test results showed that the sand cones could maintain their shape for a long time in a wind speed of 24.2 m / s, but the sand blocks would be destroyed when the wind speed was >28.8 m / s.

[0201] Example of effect 1

[0202] Using the dust suppressant from Example 1, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 8 As shown, when the dosage is 1g / m 2 The test results showed that the sand cones could maintain their shape for a long time in a wind speed of 35.6 m / s, but the sand blocks would be destroyed when the wind speed was >41.8 m / s.

[0203] Example 2

[0204] Using the dust suppressant from Example 2, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. (See [link to example 2]). Figure 9 As shown, when the dosage is 1g / m 2 The test results showed that the sand cones could maintain their shape for a long time in a wind speed of 19.3 m / s, but the sand blocks would be destroyed when the wind speed was >24.1 m / s.

[0205] Example 3

[0206] Using the dust suppressant from Example 3, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. The dosage was 1 g / m³. 2 The test results showed that the sand cones could maintain their shape for a long time in a wind speed of 31.2 m / s, but the sand blocks would be destroyed when the wind speed was >36.6 m / s.

[0207] Example of effect 4

[0208] Using the dust suppressant from Example 1, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. The dosage was 2 g / m³. 2 The test results showed that the sand cone could maintain its shape for a long time in a wind speed of 46.2 m / s, but the sand block would be destroyed when the wind speed was >52.5 m / s.

[0209] Example 5

[0210] Using the dust suppressant from Example 2, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. (See [link to example 2]). Figure 10 As shown, when the dosage is 2g / m 2 The test results showed that the sand cones could maintain their shape for a long time in a wind speed of 24.3 m / s, but the sand blocks would be destroyed when the wind speed was >27.5 m / s.

[0211] Example 6

[0212] Using the dust suppressant from Example 3, a dust suppression effect experiment was conducted using the method described above for testing the dust suppressant's dust suppression effect. The dosage was 2 g / m³. 2 The test results showed that the sand cones could maintain their shape for a long time in a wind speed of 35.8 m / s, but the sand blocks would be destroyed when the wind speed was >41.9 m / s.

[0213] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above exemplary embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The dust suppressant includes biomass-based materials; the biomass-based materials include micron-scale structures and nano-scale structures distributed on the micron-scale structures.

2. The dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass-based material is prepared using either method A or method B as follows: Method A includes the following steps: Biomass is dissolved in a solvent to form a biomass solution; The biomass solution and coagulation bath are added to a crushing device, and the two are crushed while being mixed; the biomass-based material is then prepared. Method B includes the following steps: pouring a biomass solution into a coagulation bath to form a biomass gel; and micro-nanoizing the biomass gel using a homogenizer, colloid mill, or ball mill to obtain the biomass-based material.

3. The dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The micron-level structure includes at least one of micron-sheets, micron-fibers, and micron-level structures. Preferably, the micron-scale structure is fibrous or membrane-like. Preferably, the nanoscale structure is distributed on the surface and / or edges of the micrometer-scale structure. Preferably, the nanoscale structure is densely distributed on the surface and / or edges of the micrometer-scale structure. Preferably, the nanoscale structure is distributed on the micrometer-scale structure and thus forms a flocculent structure. Preferably, the nanoscale structure is distributed on the micrometer-scale structure, thereby forming an overall structure similar to a porous sponge. Preferably, the nanoscale structure and the micrometer-scale structure together form a feather-like structure. Preferably, the nanoscale structure is in the form of a villous, tentacle-like, whisker-like, or other irregular structure. Preferably, the biomass-based material has a fibrous, sheet-like, feather-like, branch-like, flocculent, or porous sponge-like structure.

4. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The dust suppressant comprises a biomass-based dispersion, wherein the dispersion comprises the biomass-based material and a dispersing agent as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the biomass-based material is distributed in the dispersing agent, and the dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the biomass-based material.

5. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The dust suppressant comprises a surface-modified biomass-based material or a surface-modified biomass-based dispersion; the surface-modified biomass-based dispersion comprises a surface-modified biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, wherein the surface-modified biomass-based material is dispersed in the dispersing agent; The dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the surface-modified biomass-based material; the surface-modified biomass-based material is a surface-modified version of the biomass-based material according to any one of claims 1-3; or a material prepared by the preparation method of the biomass-based material according to claim 2, except that the raw biomass is replaced with surface-modified biomass.

6. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The dust suppressant comprises a substituted biomass-based material or a substituted biomass-based dispersion; the substituted biomass dispersion comprises a substituted biomass-based material and a dispersing agent, wherein the substituted biomass-based material is dispersed in the dispersing agent; the dispersing agent is a solvent system capable of continuously dispersing the substituted biomass-based material; the biomass-based material in the substituted biomass-based dispersion is the biomass-based material according to any one of claims 1-3; or a material prepared by the preparation method of the biomass-based material according to claim 2, except that the raw biomass is replaced with surface-modified biomass.

7. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The dust suppressant comprises a multi-component biomass-based dispersion, wherein the continuous phase of the multi-component biomass-based dispersion is a dispersing agent, and the dispersed phase of the dispersion contains a functional component and at least one of the following components 1) to 3): 1) The biomass-based material according to any one of claims 1-3; 2) The alternative biomass-based material as described in claim 6; 3) The surface-modified biomass-based material as described in claim 5.

8. The dust suppressant according to claim 7, characterized in that, The functional components are selected from one or more of the following substances: nanocellulose, carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerene, carbon black, silver nanowires, quantum dots, carbon dots, nanoFe3O4, and drugs.

9. The dust suppressant according to any one of claim 4, 5, 6, or 7, characterized in that, The dispersing agent is selected from at least one of water, HCl aqueous solution, NaOH aqueous solution, and inorganic salt aqueous solution.

10. The use of the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1-9 in dust suppression.

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