Damping gasket, motor and fan

Abstract

The invention provides a damping gasket, a motor and a fan. The damping gasket comprises a supporting layer (1) which is of an annular metal sheet structure; the shock absorption layers are sequentially arranged in the direction away from the supporting layer (1), the dynamic stiffness of the shock absorption layers is gradually reduced in the direction away from the supporting layer (1), the shock absorption layers comprise the first shock absorption layer (2) adjacent to the supporting layer (1), and the dynamic stiffness of the supporting layer (1) is smaller than that of the first shock absorption layer (2). According to the damping gasket, the problems that an existing damping gasket is single in damping structure and limited in damping effect can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to a damping gasket, an electric machine and a fan. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the assembly and operation of an air conditioner fan system, the traditional installation method generally adopts a combination of a snap ring, a rotating shaft, a fan blade and a locking nut. Specifically, the fan blade is installed on the rotating shaft of the electric machine, is preliminarily positioned by the snap ring, and is finally locked by the nut to ensure its stability under high-speed rotation. However, this rigid connection mode directly transmits the vibration generated by the electric machine to the fan blade along the rotating shaft when the electric machine is running. When the vibration frequency is close to or coincides with the natural frequency of the fan blade, the hard contact between the fan blade and the snap ring can cause amplification of the vibration energy, thereby causing a resonance phenomenon, which eventually manifests as obvious noise pollution, and in severe cases, can even affect the normal operation of the equipment and the user experience.

[0003] In some air conditioner fan systems, a damping rubber gasket is attempted to be installed between the snap ring and the fan blade in order to absorb part of the vibration energy through its compression deformation. However, this scheme generally has the problems of single damping structure and limited damping effect, especially in a high-frequency vibration environment. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a damping gasket, an electric machine and a fan, which can solve the problem of single damping structure and limited damping effect of the existing damping gasket.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a damping gasket is provided, comprising:

[0006] The support layer is a ring-shaped metal sheet structure.

[0007] The damping layer is multi-layered, the multi-layered damping layer is sequentially arranged along the direction away from the support layer, and the dynamic stiffness gradually decreases along the direction away from the support layer, the damping layer comprises a first damping layer adjacent to the support layer, and the dynamic stiffness of the support layer is smaller than that of the first damping layer.

[0008] Further, the damping layer is an integrally formed structure.

[0009] Further, the first damping layer and the support layer are integrally cast formed.

[0010] Further, the side of the support layer facing the first damping layer is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing columns, the shock-absorbing columns are embedded in the first damping layer, and the height of the shock-absorbing columns is smaller than the thickness of the first damping layer.

[0011] Further, the height and cross-sectional area of at least part of the shock-absorbing columns are different.

[0012] Further, the end of the shock-absorbing column away from the support layer is provided with a radial protruding anti-dropping protrusion.

[0013] Further, the shock-absorbing columns are non-uniformly distributed on the end face of the support layer, and the shock-absorbing columns are cylindrical.

[0014] Further, the shock-absorbing layer is made of rubber, and the thickness of each layer of the shock-absorbing layer increases in the direction away from the support layer.

[0015] Further, the shock-absorbing layer is made of rubber, and the thickness of each layer of the shock-absorbing layer increases in the direction away from the support layer.

[0016] Further, the shock-absorbing layer further comprises a second shock-absorbing layer and a third shock-absorbing layer arranged in sequence in the direction away from the first shock-absorbing layer, and the side of the first shock-absorbing layer facing the second shock-absorbing layer or the side of the second shock-absorbing layer facing the first shock-absorbing layer is provided with a first protruding pattern, the first protruding pattern comprises alternating protrusions and grooves, the side of the second shock-absorbing layer facing the third shock-absorbing layer or the side of the third shock-absorbing layer facing the second shock-absorbing layer is provided with a second protruding pattern, the second protruding pattern comprises alternating protrusions and grooves, and the first protruding pattern and the second protruding pattern form a preset included angle.

[0017] Further, the first protruding pattern and the second protruding pattern are perpendicular to each other.

[0018] Further, the shock-absorbing layer further comprises a second shock-absorbing layer and a third shock-absorbing layer arranged in sequence in the direction away from the first shock-absorbing layer, and the third shock-absorbing layer is provided with an elastic ring embedded therein, and the elastic ring is in a wave shape along the circumference of the third shock-absorbing layer.

[0019] Further, the shock-absorbing layer further comprises a second shock-absorbing layer and a third shock-absorbing layer arranged in sequence in the direction away from the first shock-absorbing layer, and the side of the third shock-absorbing layer away from the second shock-absorbing layer is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing holes, and the shock-absorbing holes are blind holes.

[0020] Further, the plurality of shock-absorbing holes are non-uniformly distributed, and at least part of the shock-absorbing holes have different depths and cross-sectional areas.

[0021] Further, the shock-absorbing holes are filled with elastic gel.

[0022] Further, the shock-absorbing layer further comprises a second shock-absorbing layer and a third shock-absorbing layer arranged in sequence in the direction away from the first shock-absorbing layer, and the first shock-absorbing layer, the second shock-absorbing layer and the third shock-absorbing layer are filled with elastic fibers.

[0023] Further, at least one end face of the first shock-absorbing layer is provided with a concave-convex structure, the depth of the groove or the height of the protrusion of the concave-convex structure is 20μm~100μm, and the diameter of the groove or the protrusion is 50μm~200μm.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an electric machine comprising the damping gasket described above, the electric machine further comprising a rotating shaft, the damping gasket being sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a fan comprising a fan blade and the electric machine described above, the fan blade mounting portion of the fan blade being sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being provided with a snap ring, the mounting end of the rotating shaft being provided with a nut, a flat gasket and an elastic gasket, the damping gasket, the fan blade mounting portion, the elastic gasket, the flat gasket and the nut being sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft, the damping gasket abutting against the snap ring.

[0026] The damping gasket of the present application is designed with multiple layers of gradually changing damping layers, which allows the elasticity to change continuously between different damping layers, avoiding sudden changes in elasticity and making the vibration transmission smoother. This overcomes the problem of poor performance of single-structure damping gaskets under high-frequency vibration, reduces vibration transmission efficiency, reduces noise during operation, and improves the operation stability of the fan blade system and the user experience. This gradually changing damping gasket structure can adapt to a wider range of vibration frequencies and provide more effective damping and noise control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve the purpose of explaining the present application. The present application is not limited by the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a fan of one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 FIG. 4 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of a damping gasket of one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 FIG. 5 shows a sectional structural schematic diagram of a damping gasket of one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 FIG. 6 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of a support layer of a damping gasket of one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 FIG. 7 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of a first damping layer of a damping gasket of one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 FIG. 8 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of a second damping layer of a damping gasket of one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 FIG. 9 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of an elastic ring of a damping gasket of one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 Fig. 2 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of the fan blade mounting portion of one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 Fig. 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the fan of one embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 10 Fig. 4 shows an assembly structural sectional view of the fan blade of one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Among the above-mentioned drawings, the following reference signs are included:

[0039] 1, support layer; 2, first shock-absorbing layer; 3, second shock-absorbing layer; 4, third shock-absorbing layer; 5, shock-absorbing column; 6, first raised texture; 7, second raised texture; 8, elastic ring; 9, shock-absorbing hole; 10, rotating shaft; 11, snap ring; 12, fan blade mounting portion; 13, nut; 14, flat washer; 15, elastic washer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0041] For reference Figures 1 to 10 As shown, according to the embodiment of the present application, the shock-absorbing washer includes: a support layer 1, which is a ring-shaped metal sheet structure; and a shock-absorbing layer, which is a plurality of layers. In the axial direction of the support layer 1, the plurality of shock-absorbing layers are sequentially arranged in a direction away from the support layer 1, and the dynamic stiffness gradually decreases in the direction away from the support layer 1. The shock-absorbing layer includes a first shock-absorbing layer 2 adjacent to the support layer 1, and the dynamic stiffness of the support layer 1 is smaller than that of the first shock-absorbing layer 2.

[0042] In the present embodiment, the shock-absorbing washer takes the support layer 1 as the base, and the support layer 1 adopts a ring-shaped metal sheet structure, which not only can bear the weight of the fan blade and the locking force on the rotor shaft, but also endows the washer with necessary structural strength and stability due to the metal material, thereby ensuring the reliability of the overall structure under complex working conditions.

[0043] The damping layer is composed of multiple layers of damping material such as rubber, and the dynamic stiffness of each layer gradually decreases in the direction away from the support layer 1, that is, the dynamic stiffness gradually decreases from the first damping layer 2 to the subsequent multiple damping layers. When the vibration generated by the operation of the motor is transmitted to the support layer 1, the support layer first preliminarily blocks and limits the vibration, but due to its high dynamic stiffness, most of the vibration energy is transmitted to the adjacent first damping layer 2. The material of the first damping layer 2 is more elastic than the metal material of the support layer 1, and can absorb a part of the low-frequency vibration, and its dynamic stiffness is still relatively high, so that the vibration energy is further transmitted to the second and third damping layers, which have softer rubber material and lower dynamic stiffness, and can more effectively absorb and dissipate high-frequency vibration energy.

[0044] During this process, the multi-layer design and the gradual change of the dynamic stiffness of the damping layer work together to form a "spectrum filter" effect, that is, each layer of rubber is optimized for vibration in a specific frequency range, from low frequency to high frequency, the vibration energy is continuously and effectively absorbed and converted, avoiding the problem that a single layer of material has poor absorption effect at a specific frequency. This gradual structure can also reduce the reflection of vibration energy, that is, reduce the back-and-forth propagation of vibration inside the gasket, further improving the damping effect.

[0045] The multi-layer and gradually changing damping layer design proposed in this application allows the elasticity to change continuously between different damping layers, avoiding the stepwise elastic mutation, making the vibration transmission smoother, overcoming the problem that a single structure of the damping gasket has poor effect at high frequency vibration, reducing the vibration transmission efficiency, reducing the noise during operation, and improving the operation stability of the fan blade system and the user experience. This gradually changing damping gasket structure can adapt to a wider range of vibration frequencies and provide more effective damping and noise control.

[0046] In one embodiment, the damping layer is an integrally formed structure.

[0047] In this embodiment, the damping layers are integrally formed, which not only simplifies the production process, but also significantly enhances the bonding strength between the layers, avoiding the possibility of interlayer peeling or displacement under long-term use or extreme working conditions, ensuring the structural integrity and reliability of the entire damping system. In addition, the integrally formed structure allows the elasticity to transition more naturally and smoothly between layers, which helps to better absorb and disperse vibrations of different frequencies, thereby achieving excellent damping effect. Since the layers are tightly combined during the manufacturing stage, the entire gasket can respond as a whole when facing high-intensity vibrations or complex vibration spectra, effectively reducing vibration transmission, protecting the fan blade system from damage, and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first damping layer 2 is integrally cast with the support layer 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first damping layer 2 is integrally cast with the support layer 1, ensuring seamless integration between the two and enhancing the structural stability and durability of the entire damping system. The application of the integral casting process eliminates the interface effects that may exist between the layers, making stress transmission more uniform and avoiding the delamination or peeling phenomenon that may occur under long-term use conditions, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the device. In addition, the first damping layer 2 is integrally cast with the support layer 1, eliminating the need for additional adhesives or mechanical connectors, simplifying the production process and reducing the risk of potential manufacturing defects.

[0050] In one embodiment, the side of the support layer 1 facing the first damping layer 2 is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing columns 5 embedded in the first damping layer 2, and the height of the shock-absorbing columns 5 is less than the thickness of the first damping layer 2.

[0051] In this embodiment, the side of the support layer 1 facing the first damping layer 2 is provided with a plurality of shock-absorbing columns 5 embedded in the first damping layer 2, and the height of the shock-absorbing columns 5 is less than the thickness of the first damping layer 2. Through this design, the shock-absorbing columns 5 can enhance the connection between the support layer 1 and the damping layer, provide additional support points, help to more evenly distribute the pressure from the support layer, and at the same time ensure that the first damping layer 2 can produce more controllable deformation under pressure. This structure not only improves the damping efficiency, but also enhances the stability of the device, ensuring that the support layer 1 and the damping layer can maintain structural integrity under long-term vibration environment, avoiding material fatigue or damage caused by excessive local pressure.

[0052] In one embodiment, at least part of the shock-absorbing columns 5 have different heights and cross-sectional areas.

[0053] In this embodiment, at least part of the shock-absorbing columns 5 provided on the support layer 1 have different heights and cross-sectional areas. The shock-absorbing columns 5 with different heights and cross-sectional areas can provide differentiated support force for different vibration modes, ensuring that the first damping layer 2 can provide different compression amounts at different positions when facing multi-band vibrations, more effectively absorbing vibration energy of different frequencies. As the fan blade system vibrates during operation, the shock-absorbing columns 5 of different sizes will respond according to their specific parameters, forming a multi-level damping effect, thereby optimizing the dynamic balance of the entire system and reducing noise and damage caused by vibration. In addition, this design can also enhance the bonding strength between the support layer 1 and the damping layer, achieving mechanical engagement between materials through the embedded structure of the shock-absorbing columns 5, preventing delamination or loosening that may occur during long-term operation, thereby significantly improving the reliability and service life of the fan blade damping system.

[0054] In one embodiment, the end of the shock-absorbing column 5 away from the support layer 1 is provided with a radially protruding anti-dropping protrusion.

[0055] In this embodiment, the anti-extrusion protrusions are arranged at the end of the shock-absorbing column 5 away from the support layer 1, protruding radially, effectively preventing the shock-absorbing column 5 from lateral displacement or falling off when subjected to vibration or impact force, ensuring the overall stability and reliability of the shock-absorbing system. By adding the anti-extrusion protrusions, the connection structure between the shock-absorbing column 5 and the first shock-absorbing layer 2 is strengthened, improving the fastening effect between the structures.

[0056] In one embodiment, the shock-absorbing columns 5 are non-uniformly distributed on the end surface of the support layer 1, and the shock-absorbing columns 5 are cylindrical.

[0057] In this embodiment, the shock-absorbing columns 5 are non-uniformly distributed on the end surface of the support layer 1, and are designed in a cylindrical shape. The different heights and positions of the shock-absorbing columns 5 can precisely adjust the local elastic response of the shock-absorbing pad, effectively dispersing and absorbing the vibration energy transmitted by the motor, especially enhancing the isolation effect of nonlinear vibration and multi-frequency vibration, thereby significantly reducing the noise during equipment operation and improving the operation stability.

[0058] This non-uniform distribution of shock-absorbing columns design makes the distribution of shock-absorbing columns on the end surface of the support layer not average, but optimized according to the vibration characteristics and the required shock-absorbing effect. The cylindrical shock-absorbing column 5 has a simple structure, and by adjusting its height and distribution density, it can achieve targeted absorption of vibrations of different frequencies. Through the above design, it can ensure that the shock-absorbing pad not only uniformly disperses the pressure when subjected to motor vibration, but also converts the vibration energy into heat energy or deformation energy through the elastic deformation of the shock-absorbing column 5, thereby achieving the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction. The non-uniform distribution design also takes into account the unbalanced vibration that may be generated by the fan blade during operation, and through the local optimization of the shock-absorbing column configuration, the absorption and conversion of vibration are strengthened, further improving the stability and reliability of the entire fan blade system.

[0059] In one embodiment, the shock-absorbing layers are made of rubber, and the thickness of each layer increases in the direction away from the support layer 1.

[0060] In this embodiment, the thickness of each layer of the shock-absorbing layer increases in the direction away from the support layer 1. Through the gradual thickness distribution, multi-level and continuous absorption and conversion of vibration energy can be achieved, effectively reducing the transmission efficiency of high-frequency vibration to the fan blade system. Specifically, the thickness change of the shock-absorbing layer enables each layer of material to provide corresponding elastic restoring force when subjected to vibrations of different frequencies and intensities, thereby forming a smooth transition shock-absorbing effect overall, avoiding the problems of vibration transmission discontinuity and concentrated release of vibration energy caused by single rigid connection or fixed elastic material. In addition, the shock-absorbing layer with increasing thickness can more evenly disperse the contact pressure during contact with the support layer 1 and the fan blade system, reducing local stress concentration, further improving the stability and durability of the entire system.

[0061] In one embodiment, the materials of the damping layers are the same, and the adjustment of dynamic stiffness is achieved by the change of thickness.

[0062] In one embodiment, the materials of the damping layers are the same, and the adjustment of dynamic stiffness of different layers of damping layers is achieved by the elastic fibers filled inside.

[0063] In one embodiment, the types of rubber of the damping layers are different, and the elastic modulus of the damping layers increases along the direction away from the support layer 1.

[0064] In this embodiment, the types of rubber of the damping layers are different, and the elastic modulus of the damping layers increases in turn along the direction away from the support layer 1. This design realizes the smooth transition from rigid support to high-elasticity damping by introducing the gradient change of material properties in the fan blade damping structure. Specifically, from the support layer 1 to the layer of the damping layer farthest from the support layer, the elastic modulus of the rubber material gradually increases with the increase of the distance from the vibration source, which not only can effectively disperse and absorb the vibrations of different frequencies generated during the operation of the motor, but also can ensure that the damping pad still maintains good mechanical properties and structural stability in a high-vibration environment. The metal material of the support layer 1 provides the basis for rigid connection, and the elastic gradient multilayer damping layer formed by the multiple rubber layers can realize progressive pressure distribution, provide corresponding damping and elastic recovery according to the vibration frequency and amplitude, and effectively reduce vibration transmission and noise generation.

[0065] In one embodiment, the damping layer further comprises a second damping layer 3 and a third damping layer 4 arranged in turn along the direction away from the first damping layer 2, so that the damping pad of the embodiment of the application forms a four-layer composite structure, wherein the first layer is the support layer 1 of metal material, the second layer is the first damping layer 2 of rubber material, the third layer is the second damping layer 3 of rubber material, and the fourth layer is the third damping layer 4 of rubber material, and the dynamic stiffness of the second layer to the fourth layer decreases in turn.

[0066] Wherein the thickness of the support layer 1 is a, the thickness of the first damping layer 2 is b, the thickness of the second damping layer 3 is c, and the thickness of the third damping layer 4 is d, a < b < c < d.

[0067] In one embodiment, the material of the first damping layer 2 is, for example, nitrile rubber or chlorobutyl rubber, the material of the second damping layer 3 is, for example, natural rubber or ethylene-propylene rubber, and the material of the third damping layer is, for example, silicone rubber or polyurethane rubber.

[0068] The side of the first damping layer 2 facing the second damping layer 3 or the side of the second damping layer 3 facing the first damping layer 2 is provided with first raised lines 6, the first raised lines 6 comprising alternating ridges and grooves, the side of the second damping layer 3 facing the third damping layer 4 or the side of the third damping layer 4 facing the second damping layer 3 is provided with second raised lines 7, the second raised lines 7 comprising alternating ridges and grooves, and the first raised lines 6 and the second raised lines 7 form a preset included angle.

[0069] In the present embodiment, the structure of the damping layer is further optimized, and a unique connection mode of the lines is formed between the layers by sequentially arranging the first damping layer 2, the second damping layer 3, and the third damping layer 4. The side of the first damping layer 2 facing the second damping layer 3 is provided with first raised lines 6, and the side of the second damping layer 3 facing the third damping layer 4 is provided with second raised lines 7, wherein the first raised lines 6 and the second raised lines 7 respectively comprise alternating ridges and grooves, and form a preset included angle. By arranging the line structure, the binding force of two rubbers with different hardness can be increased. The non-parallel line design can form a small elastic deformation area between the layers. When the system is subjected to vibration, the lines in different directions interact with each other, not only can disperse and absorb vibration energy, but also can generate damping effect through mutual extrusion and recovery between the lines, further reducing the vibration transmission efficiency. In addition, the alternating structure of the ridges and the grooves increases the complexity of the contact surface, which helps to improve the stability and durability of the overall damping system. The multi-layer line connection damping layer design realizes effective management and mitigation of vibration energy through the interaction between the layers, thereby improving the smoothness of the equipment during operation and reducing the noise level.

[0070] In one embodiment, the first raised lines 6 and the second raised lines 7 are perpendicular to each other.

[0071] In the embodiment, the first raised lines 6 and the second raised lines 7 are arranged in perpendicular directions to each other, so that when the multi-layer elastic damping pad is subjected to axial pressure, the horizontal ridges and the vertical ridges can form staggered stress release paths, effectively dispersing the vibration energy generated by the operation of the motor, avoiding the phenomenon of concentrated vibration transmission, thereby significantly improving the ability of the damping pad to absorb multi-frequency vibrations. Compared with the single-direction line design, the first raised lines 6 and the second raised lines 7 arranged in perpendicular directions to each other increase the friction coefficient with the contact surface, enhance the stability between the damping pad and the adjacent components, and prevent the displacement or sliding of the pad under high-speed operation or extreme working conditions. In addition, the staggered lines can also adjust the elastic coefficient of the damping pad to a certain extent, realize the dynamic response to vibrations of different frequencies, and improve the adaptability and performance of the overall damping system. When the blade system works in a complex and variable operating environment, the multi-layer elastic damping pad with the multi-directional line design can exhibit more excellent damping effect, not only reducing mechanical noise, but also ensuring the long-term operation stability of the motor, the blade and other key components, prolonging the service life of the entire system.

[0072] In one embodiment, the damping layer further comprises a second damping layer 3 and a third damping layer 4 arranged in sequence in a direction away from the first damping layer 2, and the third damping layer 4 is embedded with an elastic ring 8, which is in a wave shape along the circumference of the third damping layer 4. In the embodiment, the elastic ring 8 is made of metal.

[0073] In the embodiment, the third damping layer 4 is embedded with an elastic ring 8, which is in a wave shape along the circumference of the third damping layer 4, thereby enhancing the absorption capacity of high-frequency vibrations. This structural design utilizes the dynamic deformation characteristics of the elastic ring 8, which can effectively convert mechanical vibration energy and form a reliable vibration barrier during equipment operation. With the transmission of vibration energy, the wave crests and troughs of the elastic ring 8 alternately bear and release stress, and the continuous elastic change of the elastic ring 8 not only relieves vibration impact and effectively absorbs high-frequency vibrations, but also ensures that the dynamic response of the damping system matches the vibration frequency of the motor, thereby significantly reducing the vibration amplitude and noise level transmitted to the blade system.

[0074] In one embodiment, the damping layer further comprises a second damping layer 3 and a third damping layer 4 arranged in sequence in a direction away from the first damping layer 2, and the third damping layer 4 is provided with a plurality of shock absorption holes 9 away from the second damping layer 3, and the shock absorption holes 9 are blind holes.

[0075] In this embodiment, the multi-layer damping structure sequentially includes the first damping layer 2, the second damping layer 3, and the third damping layer 4, wherein the third damping layer 4 is provided with a plurality of damping holes 9 on the side away from the second damping layer 3, and the damping holes 9 are designed as blind holes. This structure enables the third damping layer 4 to effectively disperse the force transmitted thereto during equipment operation, and the presence of the damping holes 9 further increases the deformation space of the material, which helps to absorb high-frequency vibrations and impacts, thereby reducing the vibration energy transmitted to subsequent components. When an external force acts on the multi-layer damping structure, the first damping layer 2 and the second damping layer 3 first come into play, and then stress release and vibration attenuation are performed through the small closed holes, i.e., the damping holes 9, of the third damping layer 4, achieving effective isolation of vibrations from low frequency to high frequency. The characteristics and structure of each layer work together to ensure that the entire damping system has good overall performance, can adapt to different vibration amplitudes, and can remain stable in complex operating environments, significantly reducing noise during equipment operation and improving user experience.

[0076] In one embodiment, the plurality of damping holes 9 are unevenly distributed, and at least part of the damping holes 9 have different depths and cross-sectional areas.

[0077] In this embodiment, the uneven distribution of the plurality of damping holes 9 enables at least part of the damping holes 9 to have different depths and cross-sectional areas, which can accurately regulate the damping performance of each part according to the vibration characteristics and load conditions of different positions. Specifically, by adjusting the geometric parameters of the damping holes 9, differential processing of vibration energy absorption is achieved, effectively dispersing stress concentration and preventing damage caused by local overload, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the entire damping system. Compared with the uniform distribution of hole design, the unevenly distributed damping holes 9 can better adapt to dynamically changing vibration environments, ensuring that excellent damping effects can be maintained under various working conditions, reducing noise and vibration transmission during equipment operation, and optimizing user experience.

[0078] In one embodiment, the damping holes 9 are filled with elastic gel.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the damping holes 9 are filled with elastic gel, the fan blade damping system can achieve more precise pressure dispersion and vibration absorption. The deformation and flow characteristics of the elastic gel under pressure enable the third damping layer 4 to more uniformly distribute the load when subjected to pressure, avoiding local overload and thereby enhancing the overall damping effect. In addition, the filling of elastic gel can dynamically adjust its elastic modulus according to the vibration frequency and intensity, providing a more flexible damping response, especially at low frequency vibrations, the characteristics of the elastic gel can significantly improve the damping capacity of the system. This design not only optimizes the performance of the damping holes 9 of the third damping layer 4, but also forms a high-efficiency, stable, and adaptable multi-layer gradient elastic damping system together with the support layer 1, the first damping layer 2, and the second damping layer 3.

[0080] In one embodiment, the damping layer further comprises a second damping layer 3 and a third damping layer 4 arranged in sequence along a direction away from the first damping layer 2, and the first damping layer 2, the second damping layer 3 and the third damping layer 4 are filled with elastic fibers.

[0081] In the embodiment, the damping layer forms a multi-layered and gradually elastic system through the first damping layer 2, the second damping layer 3 and the third damping layer 4, and each layer is filled with elastic fibers. This design enables the elastic performance of the entire damping structure to continuously change, avoiding the problem of unsmooth vibration transmission caused by the elastic mutation between the layers of the traditional single material. The introduction of elastic fibers not only increases the elastic modulus gradient of each layer of material, but also allows the absorption and dispersion of vibration energy to be optimized by adjusting the density and arrangement of the fibers. When the motor operates to generate vibration, the elastic fibers in the damping layer can provide corresponding elastic responses according to different vibration frequencies and amplitudes, effectively reducing the vibration transmission efficiency and reducing the noise during the operation of the equipment.

[0082] In one embodiment, the at least one end surface of the first damping layer 2 is provided with a concave-convex structure, the depth of the groove or the height of the convex of the concave-convex structure is 20-100 μm, and the diameter of the groove or the convex is 50-200 μm.

[0083] In the embodiment, the at least one end surface of the first damping layer 2 of the multi-layered and elastic damping gasket is provided with a micron-level concave-convex structure, which enhances the microscopic contact between the rubber material and the adjacent metal layer or rubber layer, improves the friction and adhesion between the interfaces, and further optimizes the interlayer bonding performance. When the equipment is running, the existence of such fine structure not only increases the contact area, so that the pressure is more evenly distributed between the damping gasket and the fan blade mounting portion or the snap ring, but also effectively enhances the vibration absorption capacity of the gasket by providing an additional elastic deformation path. Especially for high-frequency vibration, the elastic response of the microstructure can more quickly consume vibration energy, reduce the vibration amplitude transmitted to the fan blade, thereby significantly reducing the operating noise and improving the overall stability and service life of the equipment.

[0084] For reference Figures 1 to 10 As shown in the figure, according to the embodiment of the present application, the motor comprises the above-mentioned damping gasket, and the motor further comprises a rotating shaft 10, and the damping gasket is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 10.

[0085] By adopting the multi-layer gradually changing damping layer, the motor can effectively isolate the vibration transmitted by the rotating shaft 10 during operation, especially the isolation effect under high frequency vibration is more remarkable. The support layer 1 as the foundation ensures the overall structural stability and positioning accuracy of the gasket, and the dynamic stiffness gradually changing design of the damping layer realizes the smooth transition from rigidity to elasticity, improves the continuity and efficiency of vibration absorption. The initial higher dynamic stiffness of the first damping layer 2 helps to preliminarily absorb low frequency vibration, and the gradual decrease of the dynamic stiffness of the subsequent damping layer ensures further attenuation of high frequency vibration, realizes comprehensive vibration isolation and noise reduction, and improves the stability and reliability of motor operation.

[0086] For reference Figures 1 to 10 As shown in the drawings, according to the embodiment of the application, the fan includes a fan blade and the above-mentioned motor, the fan blade mounting portion 12 of the fan blade is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 10, the rotating shaft 10 is provided with a snap ring 11, the mounting end of the rotating shaft 10 is provided with a nut 13, a flat washer 14 and an elastic washer 15, the damping gasket, the fan blade mounting portion 12, the elastic washer 15, the flat washer 14 and the nut 13 are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft 10, and the damping gasket abuts against the snap ring 11.

[0087] The fan adopts the above-mentioned motor structure, which ensures that the fan blade can rely on the comprehensive damping effect of the multi-layer damping gasket to effectively isolate the fan blade shaking and noise caused by motor vibration during motor operation, and further improves the operation stability and service life of the fan. By accurately controlling the dynamic stiffness of each layer of damping layer, good absorption of wide frequency vibration is realized, especially in high frequency vibration environment, which improves the overall damping performance of the equipment. At the same time, the close cooperation between the damping gasket and the fan blade and the motor enhances the rigid connection of the whole system, reduces the energy loss in the vibration transmission path, and achieves the dual purposes of reducing noise and improving equipment reliability.

[0088] The assembly process of the damping gasket on the fan is as follows:

[0089] First, the snap ring 11 is fixed on the rotating shaft 10, then the shock pad and the fan blade mounting part 12 are installed, so that the shock pad is sleeved between the snap ring 11 and the fan blade mounting part 12. At this time, the support layer 1 of the shock pad faces the snap ring 11, and the third shock layer 4 faces the fan blade mounting part 12. Then, the elastic pad 15, the flat pad 14 and the nut 13 are installed in sequence to be locked. During the locking process, the nut 13 gradually applies pressure, so that the shock pad is elastically deformed, and finally reaches effective limiting between the fan blade mounting part 12 and the snap ring 11. Through this series of assembly, the connection structure between the fan blade and the motor is formed, and the shock pad plays a vibration isolation role in it. When the motor starts and runs, the structures such as the cross grain on the first shock layer 2 of the shock pad, the elastic ring 8 built in the second shock layer 3 and the shock hole 9 on the third shock layer 4 work together to effectively absorb and disperse the vibration energy transmitted by the motor, reduce the amplitude of vibration transmitted to the fan blade, thereby reducing the noise during the operation of the equipment and improving the overall operation stability and service life of the equipment.

[0090] It is to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0091] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, as used in the specification and in the claims, are intended to modify a particular aspect of the subject matter described and do not connote any specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that any reference to an embodiment does not necessarily pertain to the same embodiment, and that a specific sequence of steps is not intended to connot a required sequence of those steps.

[0092] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with the aid of drawing provided only by way of example and therefore changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing pad, characterized in that, include: The support layer (1) is a ring-shaped metal sheet structure; The damping layer is multi-layered. In the axial direction of the support layer (1), the multi-layered damping layers are arranged sequentially in a direction away from the support layer (1), and the dynamic stiffness gradually decreases in the direction away from the support layer (1). The damping layer includes a first damping layer (2) adjacent to the support layer (1). The dynamic stiffness of the support layer (1) is less than that of the first damping layer (2).

2. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first damping layer (2) and the support layer (1) are integrally cast.

3. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support layer (1) has a plurality of shock-absorbing columns (5) on the side facing the first shock-absorbing layer (2). The shock-absorbing columns (5) are embedded in the first shock-absorbing layer (2), and the height of the shock-absorbing columns (5) is less than the thickness of the first shock-absorbing layer (2).

4. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least some of the shock-absorbing columns (5) have different heights and cross-sectional areas.

5. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing column (5) has a radially protruding anti-detachment protrusion at one end away from the support layer (1).

6. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing columns (5) are not uniformly distributed on the end face of the support layer (1), and the shock-absorbing columns (5) are cylindrical.

7. The shock-absorbing pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The damping layer is made of rubber, and the thickness of each damping layer increases in the direction away from the support layer (1).

8. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 7, characterized in that, The types of rubber used in each of the damping layers are different, and the elastic modulus of each damping layer increases in the direction away from the support layer (1).

9. The damping pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The damping layer further includes a second damping layer (3) and a third damping layer (4) arranged sequentially along a direction away from the first damping layer (2). The first damping layer (2) is provided with a first raised texture (6) on the side facing the second damping layer (3) or the second damping layer (3) is provided with a side facing the first damping layer (2). The first raised texture (6) includes alternating raised strips and grooves. The second damping layer (3) is provided with a second raised texture (7) on the side facing the third damping layer (4) or the third damping layer (4) is provided with a side facing the second damping layer (3). The second raised texture (7) includes alternating raised strips and grooves. The first raised texture (6) and the second raised texture (7) form a preset angle.

10. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first raised texture (6) and the second raised texture (7) are perpendicular to each other.

11. The shock-absorbing pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The damping layer also includes a second damping layer (3) and a third damping layer (4) arranged sequentially along the direction away from the first damping layer (2). The third damping layer (4) is embedded with an elastic ring (8), which is wavy along the circumference of the third damping layer (4).

12. The shock-absorbing pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The damping layer also includes a second damping layer (3) and a third damping layer (4) arranged sequentially along the direction away from the first damping layer (2). The third damping layer (4) has a plurality of damping holes (9) on the side away from the second damping layer (3). The damping holes (9) are blind holes.

13. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 12, characterized in that, The plurality of said shock-absorbing holes (9) are non-uniformly distributed, and at least some of the said shock-absorbing holes (9) have different depths and cross-sectional areas.

14. The shock-absorbing pad according to claim 12, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing hole (9) is filled with elastic gel.

15. The shock-absorbing pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The damping layer further includes a second damping layer (3) and a third damping layer (4) arranged sequentially along a direction away from the first damping layer (2), and the first damping layer (2), the second damping layer (3) and the third damping layer (4) are filled with elastic fibers.

16. The damping pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, At least one end face of the first damping layer (2) is provided with a concave-convex structure, wherein the depth of the groove or the height of the protrusion of the concave-convex structure is 20μm~100μm, and the diameter of the groove or protrusion is 50μm~200μm.

17. An electric motor, characterized in that, The motor includes the damping pad as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, and further includes a rotating shaft (10) with the damping pad sleeved on the rotating shaft (10).

18. A fan, characterized in that, The device includes a fan blade and the motor as described in claim 17. The fan blade mounting part (12) of the fan blade is sleeved on the rotating shaft (10). A retaining ring (11) is provided on the rotating shaft (10). A nut (13), a flat washer (14) and an elastic washer (15) are provided at the mounting end of the rotating shaft (10). The shock-absorbing washer, the fan blade mounting part (12), the elastic washer (15), the flat washer (14) and the nut (13) are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft (10). The shock-absorbing washer abuts against the retaining ring (11).

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