GIS metal particle defect detection test platform and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a GIS metal particle defect detection test platform and a detection method, and relates to the technical field of high-voltage electrical equipment detection and fault diagnosis, and the platform comprises a GIS equipment module which is used for simulating an actual GIS equipment operation environment and an internal metal particle defect scene; the alternating current voltage module is used for applying processing frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module; the impulse voltage module is used for superposing impulse voltage on the basis of power frequency voltage to realize electric stress coupling; the physical vibration module is used for applying controllable mechanical vibration to the GIS equipment module, simulating impact disturbance generated by switch operation, and enabling internal metal particles to be in a suspended or moving state; the protection device is used for ensuring the effective superposition of the power frequency voltage and the impulse voltage and blocking the reverse voltage; and the detection equipment is used for monitoring the motion trail, the charge characteristic and the partial discharge signal of the metal particles in the GIS equipment module in real time so as to carry out defect mechanism analysis. According to the invention, complex working conditions in GIS operation can be truly simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage electrical equipment testing and fault diagnosis technology, and in particular to a GIS metal particle defect detection test platform and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] In high-voltage power transmission systems, gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is widely used in various power transmission and transformation projects. GIS boasts significant advantages such as small footprint, strong environmental adaptability, high operational reliability, long maintenance cycles, and convenient transportation and installation, making it an indispensable key equipment in the construction of high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage power grids. The safe and stable operation of GIS not only relates to the health of individual units but also directly affects the power supply reliability and security of the entire power grid. However, during the actual manufacturing, transportation, installation, and operation of GIS, it is highly susceptible to generating or introducing metallic foreign objects of various sizes and shapes. These metal particles may originate from residues in the manufacturing process, metal debris falling during installation and maintenance, or particles generated by component wear after long-term operation. Due to the relatively enclosed internal space of GIS, once these metal particles enter the cavity, they are difficult to completely remove. The presence of metal particles can distort the electric field distribution, forming localized areas of enhanced electric field. When the equipment is running, especially under conditions of frequent switching, the mechanical vibrations generated during operation can cause these particles to remain suspended or migrate. In this situation, the metal particles interact with the internal power frequency voltage and transient impulse voltage of the equipment, forming a complex electromagnetic-mechanical coupling environment. This can easily induce partial discharge, surface discharge, or even insulation breakdown accidents, seriously threatening the safety of GIS equipment and power systems.

[0003] Existing research and detection methods mostly focus on analyzing GIS defects under single electrical stress. For example, commonly used power frequency withstand voltage tests and impulse withstand voltage tests mainly employ independent application of electrical stress to examine insulation strength and discharge characteristics. While these methods can evaluate the withstand voltage performance of equipment to some extent, they struggle to realistically reproduce the dynamic process under electromagnetic-mechanical multi-field coupling during switching operations. This leads to biases in predicting the trajectory of metal particles and revealing discharge behavior in complex scenarios. Consequently, the understanding of the formation and evolution of insulation defects caused by metal particles remains insufficient, limiting further breakthroughs in defect monitoring and early warning technologies. Therefore, constructing a comprehensive testing platform capable of realistically simulating the complex operating conditions of GIS has become a crucial problem urgently needing to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a test platform and method for detecting defects in GIS metal particles. It can fully consider the synergistic effects of various stresses during switching operations and realize the time-series coupling loading of power frequency voltage, impulse voltage and mechanical vibration. It can more realistically reproduce the complex electromagnetic-mechanical environment during GIS operation and effectively solve the problem of insufficient understanding of the mechanism caused by the separation of working conditions in existing methods.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a GIS metal particle defect detection test platform is provided, comprising: a GIS equipment module, an AC voltage module, an impulse voltage module, a physical vibration module, a protection device, and a detection device; The GIS equipment module is used to simulate the actual operating environment of GIS equipment and the internal metal particle defect scenario. The AC voltage module is electrically connected to the GIS equipment module and is used to apply power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module; The impulse voltage module is electrically connected to the GIS equipment module and works in conjunction with the AC voltage module to superimpose the impulse voltage on the power frequency voltage to achieve electrical stress coupling. The physical vibration module is located next to the GIS equipment module and is used to apply controllable mechanical vibration to the GIS equipment module to simulate the impact disturbance generated by the switch operation, so that the internal metal particles are in a suspended or moving state. The protection device is connected to the AC voltage module, the impulse voltage module and the GIS equipment module respectively, and is used to ensure the effective superposition of the power frequency voltage and the impulse voltage, and to block reverse voltage; The detection equipment works in conjunction with the GIS equipment module to monitor the movement trajectory, charge characteristics, and partial discharge signals of metal particles within the GIS equipment module in real time, in order to perform defect mechanism analysis.

[0006] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for detecting metal particle defects in a GIS is provided, the method being applied to the GIS metal particle defect detection test platform described in the first aspect, the method comprising: Sulfur hexafluoride insulating gas is introduced into the GIS model pipeline of the GIS equipment module. At the same time, the ball gap spacing and resistance parameters of the protection device are adjusted, and the signal acquisition trigger mode of the detection device is set. The AC voltage module applies power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module, the vibrator of the physical vibration module applies simulated switching operation impact vibration to the outer shell of the GIS real pipe, and then the impact voltage module, under the adjustment of the phase control device, superimposes a standard transient impact voltage on the GIS equipment module to form a multi-stress coupling environment. The high-speed camera in the detection equipment records the trajectory of metal particles, and the ultra-high frequency sensor and ultrasonic sensor in the detection equipment collect partial discharge signals, and integrate them to obtain multi-dimensional experimental data. Based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional experimental data, the migration law and charging and discharging mechanism of the metal particles under coupled stress were obtained, and the defect detection results of GIS metal particles were obtained.

[0007] According to a third aspect of this application, a storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described GIS metal particle defect detection method.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, including a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the above-described GIS metal particle defect detection method.

[0009] By employing the above technical solutions, this application provides a GIS metal particle defect detection test platform and method. Through GIS equipment modules, it simulates the actual GIS operating environment and metal particle defect scenarios, providing a realistic foundation for testing under multiple stresses. By utilizing the coordinated electrical connection between the AC voltage module and the impulse voltage module, it enables the coupled application of power frequency voltage and impulse voltage, overcoming the limitations of existing single electrical stress analysis. By applying controllable mechanical vibration to the GIS equipment modules through the physical vibration module, it realistically reproduces the impact disturbances generated by switching operations, causing metal particles to be in a suspended or migrating state, constructing an electromagnetic-mechanical coupling environment consistent with actual operation, solving the problem that traditional methods struggle to reproduce multi-field coupling dynamic processes. Simultaneously, the protection device ensures effective voltage superposition and safe operation of each module, while the detection equipment can monitor the metal particle trajectory, charge characteristics, and partial discharge signals in real time. This effectively compensates for the deviations in existing methods regarding metal particle trajectory prediction and discharge mechanism revelation in complex scenarios, contributing to a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of insulation defects caused by metal particles, and providing reliable experimental support for GIS equipment defect detection, condition monitoring, and the safe operation of power systems.

[0010] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This paper illustrates a schematic diagram of the modular structure of a GIS metal particle defect detection test platform provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The diagram shows a circuit connection schematic of a GIS metal particle defect detection test platform provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the module structure of an ignition triggering device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic flowchart of a GIS metal particle defect detection method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; In the picture: 1-GIS equipment module, 2-AC voltage module, 3-Impulse voltage module, 4-Physical vibration module, 5-Protection device, 6-Detection equipment, 7-GIS true-size pipe, 8-Metal particles, 9-High voltage conductor, 10-Grounding device, 11-AC source, 12-Capacitive voltage divider, 13-AC control console, 14-Impulse voltage generator, 15-Impulse control console, 16-Phase control device, 17-Ignition trigger device, 18-Vibrator, 19-Power amplifier, 20-Signal generator, 21-Isolation sphere, 22-Protective sphere, 23-Protective resistor, 24-High-speed oscilloscope, 25-High-speed camera, 26-Ultra-high frequency sensor, 27-Ultra-ultrasonic sensor, 28-LED lighting, 29-Optical isolator, 30-Fiber optic channel, 31-Pulse amplification module. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0013] In high-voltage power transmission systems, gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is widely used in various power transmission and transformation projects. GIS boasts significant advantages such as small footprint, strong environmental adaptability, high operational reliability, long maintenance cycles, and convenient transportation and installation, making it an indispensable key equipment in the construction of high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage power grids. The safe and stable operation of GIS not only relates to the health of individual units but also directly affects the power supply reliability and security of the entire power grid. However, during the actual manufacturing, transportation, installation, and operation of GIS, it is highly susceptible to generating or introducing metallic foreign objects of various sizes and shapes. These metal particles may originate from residues in the manufacturing process, metal debris falling during installation and maintenance, or particles generated by component wear after long-term operation. Due to the relatively enclosed internal space of GIS, once these metal particles enter the cavity, they are difficult to completely remove. The presence of metal particles can distort the electric field distribution, forming localized areas of enhanced electric field. When the equipment is running, especially under conditions of frequent switching, the mechanical vibrations generated during operation can cause these particles to remain suspended or migrate. In this situation, the metal particles interact with the internal power frequency voltage and transient impulse voltage of the equipment, forming a complex electromagnetic-mechanical coupling environment. This can easily induce partial discharge, surface discharge, or even insulation breakdown accidents, seriously threatening the safety of GIS equipment and power systems.

[0014] Existing research and detection methods mostly focus on analyzing GIS defects under single electrical stress. For example, commonly used power frequency withstand voltage tests and impulse withstand voltage tests mainly employ independent application of electrical stress to examine insulation strength and discharge characteristics. While these methods can evaluate the withstand voltage performance of equipment to some extent, they struggle to realistically reproduce the dynamic process under electromagnetic-mechanical multi-field coupling during switching operations. This leads to biases in predicting the trajectory of metal particles and revealing discharge behavior in complex scenarios. Consequently, the understanding of the formation and evolution of insulation defects caused by metal particles remains insufficient, limiting further breakthroughs in defect monitoring and early warning technologies. Therefore, constructing a comprehensive testing platform capable of realistically simulating the complex operating conditions of GIS has become a crucial problem urgently needing to be solved in this field.

[0015] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a GIS-based metal particle defect detection test platform, such as... Figure 1As shown, the GIS metal particle defect detection test platform includes: a GIS equipment module 1, an AC voltage module 2, an impulse voltage module 3, a physical vibration module 4, a protection device 5, and a detection device 6. The GIS equipment module 1 is used to simulate the actual operating environment of GIS equipment and the internal metal particle defect scenario. The AC voltage module 2 is electrically connected to the GIS equipment module 1 and is used to apply power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module 1. The impulse voltage module 3 is electrically connected to the GIS equipment module 1 and works in conjunction with the AC voltage module 2 to superimpose the impulse voltage on the power frequency voltage to achieve electrical stress coupling. The physical vibration module 4 is located next to the GIS equipment module 1 and is used to apply controllable mechanical vibration to the GIS equipment module 1 to simulate the impact disturbance generated by the switch operation, so that the internal metal particles are in a suspended or moving state. The protection device 5 is connected to the AC voltage module 2, the impulse voltage module 3, and the GIS equipment module 1 respectively, and is used to ensure the effective superposition of the power frequency voltage and the impulse voltage, and to block the reverse voltage. The detection device 6 works with the GIS equipment module 1 to monitor the motion trajectory, charge characteristics, and partial discharge signals of the metal particles in the GIS equipment module 1 in real time for defect mechanism analysis.

[0016] Through the collaborative design of various modules, the complex operating conditions of GIS can be realistically reproduced and accurately monitored. Specifically, this is reflected in the following aspects: the scenario simulation of the GIS equipment module ensures that the experimental basis is close to reality, avoiding analytical deviations caused by scenario distortion; the collaborative electrical stress coupling of the AC and impulse voltage modules can overcome the limitations of single electrical stress tests and reproduce the electromagnetic environment in actual equipment operation; the controllable disturbance of the physical vibration module makes the state of metal particles consistent with that during actual switch operation, and can restore the particle dynamics under electromagnetic-mechanical coupling; the protective function of the protection device can ensure the effectiveness of voltage superposition and the operational safety of each module, avoiding test failures; and the real-time monitoring of multiple parameters of the detection equipment can comprehensively acquire data related to particle movement and discharge, providing a reliable basis for a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of insulation defects caused by metal particles, and ultimately providing technical support for defect detection and safe operation of GIS equipment.

[0017] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2As shown, the GIS equipment module 1 includes a GIS-type pipe 7, metal particles 8 located inside the GIS-type pipe 7, a high-voltage conductor 9, and a grounding device 10. The metal particles 8 include at least one of linear metal particles, spherical metal particles, and sheet-like metal particles. The GIS-type pipe 7 consists of multiple independent gas chambers (e.g., 4 sections), each equipped with a self-sealing gas filling valve for filling with sulfur hexafluoride gas according to test requirements. The outer shell of the GIS-type pipe 7 is made of rigid material. The grounding device 10 is electrically connected to the grounding terminal of the outer shell of the GIS-type pipe 7 and the high-voltage conductor 9 to achieve reliable grounding. The GIS-type pipe 7 has a height of approximately 2000 mm, a length of approximately 3000 mm, and an inner diameter of 240 mm. The conductor radius of the high-voltage conductor is 30 mm.

[0018] The GIS-based pipeline is constructed from rigid materials, simulating the shell strength and stability of actual equipment. This avoids structural deformation affecting the realism of the scenario during testing. The pipeline consists of multiple independent gas chambers, each equipped with a self-sealing inflation valve to flexibly control the amount of sulfur hexafluoride gas injected and the sealing state, accurately replicating the insulating gas environment in actual GIS. The internal metal particles include at least one type: linear, spherical, and sheet-like. These types correspond to different sources of metal foreign matter, such as manufacturing residues, installation defects, and operational wear, ensuring comprehensive coverage of defect scenarios. High-voltage conductors run through the pipeline, simulating the conductive core of actual GIS. The grounding device, electrically connected to the pipeline shell and the high-voltage conductor grounding terminal, eliminates safety hazards such as live shells and high-voltage leakage, while ensuring the internal electric field distribution matches that of the actual equipment. This lays the foundation for the safety and data accuracy of subsequent tests.

[0019] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2 As shown, the AC voltage module 2 includes a 220kV AC source 11, a capacitive voltage divider 12, and an AC control console 13. The output terminal of the AC source 11 is electrically connected to the high-voltage conductor 9 of the GIS equipment module 1 via the capacitive voltage divider 12. The AC control console 13 is electrically connected to the AC source 11 and the capacitive voltage divider 12, respectively, and is used to adjust the amplitude of the power frequency voltage output by the AC source 11, and to monitor the voltage signal applied to the GIS equipment module 1 in real time via the capacitive voltage divider 12.

[0020] The AC voltage module, as the basic electrical stress supply unit of the test platform, achieves accurate output and monitoring of power frequency voltage through the coordinated connection of various components. Specifically, the 220kV AC source is the core output source of the power frequency voltage, and its specifications match the power frequency voltage level in the actual operation of GIS equipment, ensuring that the test electrical environment closely resembles reality. The output terminal of the AC source is electrically connected to the high-voltage wire of the GIS equipment module via a capacitive voltage divider. This connection method not only realizes the effective transmission of power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment, but also uses the voltage dividing characteristics of the capacitive voltage divider to convert the high-voltage signal into an acquireable low-voltage signal. The AC control console, through electrical connections to both the AC source and the capacitive voltage divider, can flexibly adjust the power frequency voltage amplitude output by the AC source according to test requirements, adapting to the voltage requirements under different test scenarios. On the other hand, it can receive the voltage signal feedback from the capacitive voltage divider in real time, accurately grasping the actual voltage value applied to the GIS equipment module, and avoiding the impact of voltage deviation on the accuracy of test data.

[0021] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2 As shown, the impulse voltage module 3 includes an impulse voltage generator 14, an impulse control console 15, a phase control device 16, and an ignition triggering device 17. The output terminal of the impulse voltage generator 14 is electrically connected to the protection device 5. The impulse control console 15 is electrically connected to the impulse voltage generator 14 and is used to adjust the ignition ball gap, the amplitude, and the polarity of the output impulse voltage. The phase control device 16 is electrically connected to both the impulse control console 15 and the ignition triggering device 17. Its phase control range is 0-360°, the control accuracy is within 1°, and it is equipped with a manual delay compensation function to dynamically adjust the superposition phase of the impulse voltage and the power frequency voltage. Figure 3 As shown, the ignition triggering device 17 includes an optical coupler 29, an optical fiber channel 30, and a pulse amplification module 31. The input end of the optical coupler 29 is electrically connected to the phase control device 16, and the output end is connected to the input end of the pulse amplification module 31 through the optical fiber channel 30. The output end of the pulse amplification module 31 is electrically connected to the ignition ball gap of the impulse voltage generator 14 to achieve signal isolation between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end, and to sequentially convert the low-voltage pulse signal output by the phase control device 16 into an optical signal and a high-voltage pulse signal to trigger the ignition ball gap to ignite.

[0022] Among them, the impulse voltage generator 14 can be a CJDY series impulse voltage generator with a nominal voltage of ±600kV and a rated voltage of ±200kV. The impulse voltage waveform parameters and their deviations all meet the requirements of GB311 and GB16927 standards.

[0023] The impulse voltage module, as the core unit for transient electrical stress loading and coupling in the test platform, can achieve impulse voltage output, adjustment, and precise triggering through the precise coordination of various components. Specifically: the impulse voltage generator, as the core output source of the impulse voltage, has its output terminal electrically connected to the protection device, ensuring that the impulse voltage can be effectively transmitted to the GIS equipment module while preventing damage to the generator from reverse voltage or overvoltage through the protection device; the impulse control console, through its electrical connection with the impulse voltage generator, can flexibly adjust the generator's ignition ball gap spacing (directly affecting the ignition timing), the amplitude of the output impulse voltage (adapting to different transient voltage scenarios), and the polarity (simulating positive and negative transient voltages) to meet diverse test requirements; the phase control device respectively... Connecting the impact control console and the ignition triggering device, its wide phase control range of 0-360° can cover the entire cycle of power frequency voltage. The control accuracy within 1°, combined with the manual delay compensation function, can dynamically correct superposition deviations and ensure that the impact voltage is accurately superimposed at the preset power frequency voltage phase (such as peak value and zero crossing point). The ignition triggering device, through the collaboration of an optocoupler-optical fiber channel-pulse amplification module, first receives the low-voltage pulse signal from the phase control device through the optocoupler-optical fiber channel and achieves preliminary isolation between high and low voltage signals. Then, the signal is converted into an optical signal for transmission through the optical fiber channel (completely avoiding high voltage interference). Finally, the pulse amplification module restores and amplifies the optical signal into a high-voltage pulse, triggering the ignition ball gap of the impact voltage generator to achieve reliable output of the impact voltage.

[0024] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2 As shown, the impulse voltage module 3 also includes a wavefront resistor and a wavetail resistor, both of which are connected in series in the output circuit of the impulse voltage generator 14. The impulse voltage module 3 is used to change the impulse voltage waveform output by the impulse voltage generator 14 by adjusting the resistance values ​​of the wavefront resistor and the wavetail resistor, so as to obtain different types of impulse voltages.

[0025] The wavefront resistor primarily functions during the rising phase of the impulse voltage. Its resistance directly determines the wavefront time from 0 to the peak value; a larger resistance results in a slower voltage rise and a longer wavefront time. The tail resistor, on the other hand, functions during the falling phase. By changing its resistance, the tail time from the peak value to a specified value (e.g., 50% of the peak value) can be adjusted. A larger resistance results in a slower voltage fall and a longer tail time. By coordinating the values ​​of these two resistors, the wavefront and tail parameters of the output waveform can be flexibly changed without replacing the main structure of the impulse voltage generator. This allows for the generation of different types of impulse voltages that meet experimental requirements (such as short-wavefront, short-tail lightning impulse voltages simulating lightning strikes, or long-wavefront, long-tail operating impulse voltages simulating switch operations), adapting to different transient voltage scenarios that GIS equipment may encounter during actual operation.

[0026] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2 As shown, the physical vibration module 4 includes a vibrator 18, a power amplifier 19, and a signal generator 20. The output terminal of the signal generator 20 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power amplifier 19, and the output terminal of the power amplifier 19 is electrically connected to the vibrator 18. The vibrator 18 is located below the GIS-type pipe 7 of the GIS equipment module 1, and its hammer contacts the outer shell of the GIS-type pipe 7 to simulate the impact vibration generated by actual switch operation by striking the outer shell of the GIS-type pipe 7. The sensitivity of the hammer can be 2mV / N, and the measurement range can be -1000N to 1000N.

[0027] As the core unit for simulating the mechanical disturbance of GIS switch operation, the physical vibration module can achieve precise generation and transmission of vibration through the series coordination of a signal generator, a power amplifier, and a vibrator. Specifically, the signal generator first outputs a raw vibration electrical signal with a preset frequency and waveform (such as a pulse signal simulating the opening and closing of a switch). This signal is received by the input of the power amplifier, amplified to a power level sufficient to drive the vibrator, and then transmitted to the vibrator from the output of the power amplifier. The vibrator is installed by fixing it under the GIS real-type pipe, so that its hammer is in direct contact with the pipe shell. When it receives the amplified vibration signal, the hammer will strike the pipe shell according to the signal pattern, thereby transmitting the mechanical vibration to the inside of the pipe.

[0028] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2 As shown, the protection device 5 includes an isolation gap 21, a protection gap 22, and a protection resistor 23. The isolation gap 21 is connected in series in the circuit between the impulse voltage generator 14 and the GIS equipment module 1. It is used to break down at the moment of impulse voltage ignition, so that the impulse voltage and the power frequency voltage are applied to the GIS equipment module 1 synchronously, and to block the reverse effect of the AC voltage on the impulse voltage generator 14. The protection gap 22 is connected in parallel in the connection circuit between the AC voltage module 2 and the GIS equipment module 1. It is used to break down when the impulse voltage amplitude exceeds the set threshold, and to introduce the overvoltage to the ground. The protection resistor 23 is connected in series between the capacitive voltage divider 12 of the GIS equipment module 1 and the AC voltage module 2. It is used to limit the circuit current and share the test energy to avoid overload damage to the components.

[0029] As the core protection unit in the test platform ensuring the effectiveness of voltage superposition and the safety of each module, the protection device achieves comprehensive protection through differentiated connections and functional divisions of isolation gaps, protective gaps, and protective resistors. Specifically, the isolation gap is connected in series in the critical circuit between the impulse voltage generator and the GIS equipment module. Its gap distance is preset and calibrated, and it will break down first at the moment of impulse voltage ignition, forming a conductive channel. This allows the impulse voltage to be transmitted synchronously to the GIS equipment module with the power frequency voltage applied by the AC voltage module, ensuring precise coupling of the two electrical stresses. At the same time, the broken-down isolation gap can block the reverse flow of AC voltage into the impulse voltage generator, preventing damage to the internal components of the generator due to reverse voltage. The protective gap is connected in parallel to the connection circuit between the AC voltage module and the GIS equipment module. Its breakdown voltage threshold is set according to the test requirements. When the impulse voltage amplitude abnormally exceeds the threshold, the protective gap will break down rapidly, introducing the excess voltage to the ground through the grounding path, preventing the overvoltage from being conducted to the AC voltage module. The protective resistor is connected in series between the capacitive voltage divider of the GIS equipment module and the AC voltage module. It uses the current-limiting characteristics of the resistor to reduce the instantaneous current in the circuit. At the same time, it shares the energy generated during the test through its own voltage division effect, preventing the capacitive voltage divider, GIS equipment module and other components from being overloaded and damaged due to excessive current or concentrated energy.

[0030] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 2 As shown, the detection device 6 includes a high-speed oscilloscope 24, a high-speed camera 25, an ultra-high frequency sensor 26, an ultrasonic sensor 27, and an LED light 28. The high-speed oscilloscope 24 is electrically connected to the capacitive voltage divider 12 of the AC voltage module 2, the impulse voltage generator 14 of the impulse voltage module 3, and the high-voltage wire 9 of the GIS equipment module 1, respectively, for real-time acquisition and recording of voltage and current signals. The high-speed camera 25 and the LED light 28 are both located outside the observation window of the GIS true-type pipe 7. The LED light 28 is used to provide supplementary lighting for the high-speed camera 25. The high-speed camera 25 is used to automatically trigger based on image changes in a specific area to capture the movement trajectory of metal particles 8. The ultra-high frequency sensor 26 and the ultrasonic sensor 27 are both attached to the outer wall of the GIS true-type pipe 7 to acquire partial discharge signals inside the GIS true-type pipe 7.

[0031] As the core unit for multi-dimensional data acquisition in the testing platform, the testing equipment, through the coordinated operation of three types of monitoring components—electrical, optical, and acoustic—can comprehensively capture key information of the testing process. Specifically, a high-speed oscilloscope, electrically connected to the capacitive voltage divider of the AC voltage module, the impulse voltage generator of the impulse voltage module, and the high-voltage wires of the GIS equipment module, can simultaneously acquire the amplitude and waveform of power frequency voltage and impulse voltage, as well as the current signal of the internal circuit of the GIS, accurately recording the electrical stress parameters applied to the GIS; a high-speed camera, paired with LED lighting, is installed outside the observation window of the GIS prototype pipeline, and the LED lighting can compensate for the internal stress of the GIS. The problem of insufficient light in enclosed spaces is addressed by providing a stable light source for the high-speed camera. The high-speed camera automatically triggers shooting based on image changes in specific areas (such as the initial static area of ​​the particles), avoiding the omission of critical motion moments caused by manual triggering delays, and ensuring clear capture of the dynamic trajectories of metal particles such as suspension, migration, and collision. Both ultra-high frequency sensors and ultrasonic sensors are attached to the outer wall of the GIS-type pipe. The partial discharge caused by metal particles will simultaneously generate ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves and ultrasonic waves. The two types of sensors capture these two types of discharge signals through non-invasive acquisition methods (without damaging the pipe's sealing and internal working conditions), enabling accurate monitoring of the timing and intensity of partial discharge.

[0032] In summary, the GIS metal particle defect detection test platform provided in this application simulates the actual GIS operating environment and metal particle defect scenarios through GIS equipment modules, providing a realistic basic carrier for testing under multiple stresses. By leveraging the coordinated electrical connection between the AC voltage module and the impulse voltage module, the coupling application of power frequency voltage and impulse voltage can be achieved, overcoming the limitations of existing single electrical stress analysis. Controllable mechanical vibration is applied to the GIS equipment modules through the physical vibration module, realistically reproducing the impact disturbances generated by switching operations, causing metal particles to be in a suspended or migrating state, constructing an electromagnetic-mechanical coupling environment consistent with actual operation, solving the problem that traditional methods struggle to reproduce multi-field coupling dynamic processes. Simultaneously, the protection device ensures effective voltage superposition and safe operation of each module, while the detection equipment can monitor the metal particle trajectory, charge characteristics, and partial discharge signals in real time, effectively compensating for the deviations in existing methods in predicting metal particle trajectories and revealing discharge mechanisms in complex scenarios. This contributes to a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of insulation defects caused by metal particles, providing reliable experimental support for GIS equipment defect detection, condition monitoring, and the safe operation of power systems.

[0033] Furthermore, to fully illustrate the implementation of this embodiment, this embodiment also provides a method for detecting GIS metal particle defects, which can be applied to the aforementioned GIS metal particle defect detection test platform. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes: Step 410: Fill the GIS equipment module with sulfur hexafluoride insulating gas into the GIS model pipeline, while adjusting the ball gap spacing and resistance parameters of the protection device, and setting the signal acquisition trigger mode of the detection device.

[0034] Sulfur hexafluoride insulating gas is introduced into the GIS-type pipeline to utilize its excellent insulation strength and arc-quenching properties. Combined with the multi-section independent gas chambers and self-sealing gas filling valves of the GIS-type pipeline, the insulation environment inside the actual GIS equipment is simulated, providing the same media conditions as reality for subsequent electrical stress application and metal particle defect testing. The ball gap spacing adjustment targets the isolation ball gap and the protection ball gap. Specifically, the breakdown voltage threshold can be set by changing the gap distance (e.g., setting the isolation ball gap spacing to 5mm to ensure instantaneous breakdown at the moment of impulse voltage ignition, and setting the protection ball gap spacing to 8mm to match overvoltage discharge requirements). The resistance parameter adjustment targets the protection resistor to ensure that when subsequent power frequency voltage and impulse voltage are superimposed, both precise electrical stress coupling and the blocking of reverse voltage and discharge of overvoltage can be achieved. Setting the signal acquisition trigger mode of the detection equipment defines the start conditions for data acquisition based on the test target (e.g., high-speed camera triggering based on image changes of particle motion, oscilloscope triggering based on voltage signal amplitude, etc.), avoiding manual triggering delays or invalid data acquisition, and ensuring accurate capture of information at critical moments in the test (e.g., when particles are suspended or partial discharge occurs).

[0035] Step 420: Apply power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module through the AC voltage module, apply simulated switching operation impact vibration to the outer shell of the GIS real pipe through the exciter of the physical vibration module, and then superimpose a standard transient impact voltage onto the GIS equipment module through the impact voltage module under the adjustment of the phase control device to form a multi-stress coupling environment.

[0036] Applying power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module via the AC voltage module creates a basic electrical stress environment consistent with actual operation, simulating the continuous power frequency electric field that the equipment experiences during normal operation. Applying impact vibration to the GIS-like pipe shell using the vibrator in the physical vibration module, through direct contact between the vibrator and the pipe shell, transmits the mechanical disturbances of simulated switch opening and closing operations to the inside of the pipe, causing internal metal particles to change from a static state to a suspended or migrating state, thus replicating the mechanical impact of actual switch operations on the particles. When a transient impact voltage is superimposed using the impact voltage module, the phase control device can precisely adjust the superposition phase of the impact voltage and the power frequency voltage (e.g., superimposing at the peak or zero-crossing point of the power frequency voltage), ensuring that the transient voltage is applied according to the actual operating conditions and that the impact voltage meets relevant standards (such as lightning or switching impact voltage standards). The combined effect of these three elements ultimately forms an electromagnetic-mechanical multi-stress coupling environment within the GIS equipment module, consisting of power frequency voltage, transient impact voltage, and mechanical vibration, which can reproduce the complex operating conditions of switch operations during actual GIS operation.

[0037] In specific application scenarios, the operation of the physical vibration module's exciter applying impact vibration to the GIS-like pipe shell and the impact voltage module superimposing transient impact voltage under the phase control device is not executed in a fixed sequence. Instead, the starting sequence, timing, and number of starts can be flexibly adjusted according to the test requirements. For example, after applying power frequency voltage, the physical vibration module can be started first to apply impact vibration, and then the impact voltage module can be started to superimpose transient impact voltage, thus achieving the superposition sequence of "AC voltage - physical vibration - impact voltage". If the impact voltage module is started first to superimpose transient impact voltage, and then the physical vibration module is started to apply impact vibration, it corresponds to the superposition sequence of "AC voltage - impact voltage - physical vibration". If the physical vibration module and the impact voltage module are started simultaneously after applying power frequency voltage, the superposition mode of "AC voltage - physical vibration + impact voltage" (physical vibration and impact voltage acting simultaneously) can be achieved. In addition, by repeatedly starting some or all modules, single or multiple superpositions can be achieved. Ultimately, through this flexible execution process, a complex multi-stress coupling environment similar to the instantaneous operation of an actual GIS switch is formed, enhancing the reproducibility of the test to actual working conditions.

[0038] Step 430: Use the high-speed camera in the detection equipment to record the trajectory of the metal particles, and use the ultra-high frequency sensor and ultrasonic sensor in the detection equipment to collect partial discharge signals, and integrate them to obtain multi-dimensional experimental data.

[0039] To record the trajectory of metal particles using a high-speed camera in the detection equipment, the high-speed camera, along with an LED light, needs to be placed outside the observation window of a full-scale GIS pipeline. The LED light can compensate for insufficient light inside the pipeline. The high-speed camera automatically triggers shooting based on image changes in specific areas within the pipeline (such as the initial static area of ​​the metal particles), capturing dynamic processes such as particle suspension, migration, and collision at a high frame rate, and accurately recording their trajectory. When collecting partial discharge signals using ultra-high frequency (UHF) and ultrasonic sensors, both types of sensors need to be attached to the outer wall of the full-scale GIS pipeline. When metal particles induce partial discharge, they simultaneously generate UHF electromagnetic waves and ultrasonic waves. The UHF sensor can receive the electromagnetic wave signal, and the ultrasonic sensor can receive the ultrasonic wave signal, achieving non-invasive acquisition of discharge events. Finally, through a data integration system, the trajectory data acquired by the high-speed camera and the partial discharge signal data acquired by the UHF and ultrasonic sensors are correlated and matched to form multi-dimensional experimental data, providing a complete information chain for subsequent mechanism analysis.

[0040] Step 440: Based on multi-dimensional experimental data analysis, analyze the migration law and charging and discharging mechanism of metal particles under coupled stress to obtain GIS metal particle defect detection results.

[0041] The comprehensive application of multi-dimensional experimental data can avoid the limitations of single data (such as only looking at discharge signals) being unable to correlate with particle dynamics, and can provide comprehensive information support for analysis; the analysis of migration patterns can clarify the specific movement characteristics of metal particles under complex working conditions, and accurately locate areas where particles are prone to cause risks (such as near high-voltage conductors); the in-depth analysis of the charging and discharging mechanism can reveal the complete process of particles from charging to induced discharge, and clarify the key links in defect evolution; finally, the GIS metal particle defect detection results obtained based on the above analysis can accurately reflect the actual degree of harm and potential risks of particle defects, provide a scientific basis for GIS equipment defect investigation, risk warning and insulation protection, and effectively improve the depth of understanding and control accuracy of GIS metal particle defects.

[0042] In summary, the technical solution in this application, by filling the GIS-model pipeline with sulfur hexafluoride insulating gas, ensures that the test environment is consistent with the actual GIS insulation conditions, laying a realistic foundation for subsequent testing. Adjusting the parameters of the protection device and setting the trigger mode of the testing equipment can ensure both system safety and operational accuracy under multiple stresses, while also ensuring the accurate capture of key test data. Through the coordinated application of AC voltage, physical vibration, and transient impulse voltage, the electromagnetic-mechanical multi-stress coupling environment in GIS operation can be realistically reproduced, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-stress testing. With the help of multi-dimensional data acquisition from high-speed cameras, ultra-high frequency sensors, and ultrasonic sensors, comprehensive information on the movement and partial discharge of metal particles can be obtained, avoiding analytical biases caused by single data. Finally, based on in-depth analysis of the particle migration law and charging and discharging mechanism using multi-dimensional data, the intrinsic mechanism of insulation defects caused by metal particles can be accurately revealed, thereby obtaining scientific and reliable GIS metal particle defect detection results, providing strong support for GIS equipment defect early warning and safe operation.

[0043] Based on the above, Figure 4 Accordingly, this embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. Figure 4 The method for detecting metal particle defects in GIS is shown.

[0044] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as CD-ROM, USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause an electronic device (such as personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various implementation scenarios of this application.

[0045] Based on the above, Figure 4 The method shown, and Figure 1-3The illustrated GIS metal particle defect detection test platform embodiment, in order to achieve the above objectives, also provides an electronic device, specifically a personal computer, tablet computer, server, or other network device, etc., which includes a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store computer programs; the processor is used to execute the computer programs to achieve the above-described... Figure 4 The method for detecting metal particle defects in GIS is shown.

[0046] Optionally, the aforementioned physical devices may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, radio frequency (RF) circuitry, sensors, audio circuitry, a Wi-Fi module, etc. The user interface may include a display screen, input units such as a keyboard, etc., and optional user interfaces may also include USB interfaces, card reader interfaces, etc. The network interface may optionally include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces (such as Wi-Fi interfaces), etc.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will understand that the physical device structure provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the physical device, and may include more or fewer components, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0048] The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages the hardware and software resources of the aforementioned physical device, supporting the operation of information processing programs and other software and / or programs. The network communication module is used to enable communication between the various components within the storage medium, as well as communication with other hardware and software in the information processing physical device.

[0049] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or it can be implemented by hardware.

[0050] Compared with traditional GIS metal particle defect detection methods and processes, this solution ensures that the test environment is consistent with the actual GIS insulation conditions by filling the GIS pipeline with sulfur hexafluoride insulating gas, laying a realistic scenario foundation for subsequent testing. Adjusting the parameters of the protection device and setting the trigger mode of the detection equipment can ensure system safety and operating condition accuracy under multiple stresses, while also ensuring the accurate capture of key test data. By applying AC voltage, physical vibration, and transient impulse voltage in a coordinated manner, the electromagnetic-mechanical multi-stress coupling environment in GIS operation can be realistically reproduced, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-stress tests. With the help of multi-dimensional data acquisition from high-speed cameras, ultra-high frequency sensors, and ultrasonic sensors, information on metal particle movement and partial discharge can be comprehensively obtained, avoiding analytical biases caused by single data. Finally, based on in-depth analysis of the particle migration law and charging and discharging mechanism using multi-dimensional data, the intrinsic mechanism of metal particles causing insulation defects can be accurately revealed, thus obtaining scientific and reliable GIS metal particle defect detection results, providing strong support for GIS equipment defect early warning and safe operation.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiment can be distributed within the apparatus of the embodiment as described, or can be modified to be located in one or more apparatuses different from this embodiment. The modules of the above-described embodiment can be combined into one module, or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0052] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of any particular implementation scenario. The above disclosures are merely a few specific implementation scenarios of this application; however, this application is not limited thereto, and any variations conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A GIS metal particle defect detection test platform, characterized in that, include: GIS equipment module (1), AC voltage module (2), impulse voltage module (3), physical vibration module (4), protection device (5) and detection equipment (6); The GIS equipment module (1) is used to simulate the actual operating environment of GIS equipment and the internal metal particle defect scenario; The AC voltage module (2) is electrically connected to the GIS equipment module (1) and is used to apply power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module (1); The impulse voltage module (3) is electrically connected to the GIS equipment module (1) and works in conjunction with the AC voltage module (2) to superimpose the impulse voltage on the power frequency voltage to achieve electrical stress coupling; The physical vibration module (4) is located next to the GIS equipment module (1) and is used to apply controllable mechanical vibration to the GIS equipment module (1) to simulate the impact disturbance generated by the switch operation, so that the internal metal particles are in a suspended or moving state. The protection device (5) is connected to the AC voltage module (2), the impulse voltage module (3) and the GIS equipment module (1) respectively, to ensure the effective superposition of the power frequency voltage and the impulse voltage, and to block the reverse voltage; The detection device (6) works in conjunction with the GIS device module (1) to monitor the movement trajectory, charge characteristics and partial discharge signals of metal particles in the GIS device module (1) in real time, so as to perform defect mechanism analysis.

2. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The GIS equipment module (1) includes a GIS real pipe (7), metal particles (8) located inside the GIS real pipe (7), a high-voltage conductor (9), and a grounding device (10). The metal particles (8) include at least one of linear metal particles, spherical metal particles, and sheet-like metal particles; The GIS true-type pipeline (7) is composed of multiple independent gas chambers. Each gas chamber is equipped with a self-sealing gas filling valve for filling sulfur hexafluoride gas according to test requirements. The outer shell of the GIS true-type pipeline (7) is made of rigid material. The grounding device (10) is electrically connected to the grounding end of the outer shell of the GIS true-type pipeline (7) and the high-voltage conductor (9) to achieve reliable grounding.

3. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The AC voltage module (2) includes a 220kV AC source (11), a capacitive voltage divider (12), and an AC control console (13). The output terminal of the AC source (11) is electrically connected to the high-voltage conductor (9) of the GIS equipment module (1) via the capacitive voltage divider (12); the AC control console (13) is electrically connected to the AC source (11) and the capacitive voltage divider (12) respectively, and is used to adjust the power frequency voltage amplitude output by the AC source (11), and to monitor the voltage signal applied to the GIS equipment module (1) in real time through the capacitive voltage divider (12).

4. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The impulse voltage module (3) includes an impulse voltage generator (14), an impulse control console (15), a phase control device (16), and an ignition triggering device (17). The output terminal of the impulse voltage generator (14) is electrically connected to the protection device (5); the impulse control console (15) is electrically connected to the impulse voltage generator (14) and is used to adjust the ignition ball gap spacing, the amplitude and polarity of the output impulse voltage of the impulse voltage generator (14); the phase control device (16) is electrically connected to the impulse control console (15) and the ignition trigger device (17) respectively, and its phase control range is 0-360°, the control accuracy is within 1°, and it is equipped with a manual delay compensation function to dynamically adjust the superposition phase of the impulse voltage and the power frequency voltage. The ignition triggering device (17) includes an optical coupler (29), an optical fiber channel (30), and a pulse amplification module (31). The input end of the optical coupler (29) is electrically connected to the phase control device (16), and the output end is connected to the input end of the pulse amplification module (31) through the optical fiber channel (30). The output end of the pulse amplification module (31) is electrically connected to the ignition ball gap of the impulse voltage generator (14) to realize signal isolation between the high voltage end and the low voltage end, and to convert the low voltage pulse signal output by the phase control device (16) into optical signal and high voltage pulse signal in sequence to trigger the ignition ball gap ignition.

5. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impulse voltage module (3) also includes a wavefront resistor and a wave tail resistor, both of which are connected in series in the output circuit of the impulse voltage generator (14). The impulse voltage module (3) is used to change the impulse voltage waveform output by the impulse voltage generator (14) by adjusting the resistance values ​​of the wave front resistor and the wave tail resistor, so as to obtain different types of impulse voltage.

6. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The physical vibration module (4) includes an exciter (18), a power amplifier (19), and a signal generator (20). The output terminal of the signal generator (20) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power amplifier (19), and the output terminal of the power amplifier (19) is electrically connected to the vibrator (18). The vibrator (18) is located below the GIS real pipe (7) of the GIS equipment module (1), and its hammer contacts the outer shell of the GIS real pipe (7) to simulate the impact vibration generated by actual switch operation by striking the outer shell of the GIS real pipe (7).

7. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protection device (5) includes an isolation ball gap (21), a protection ball gap (22), and a protection resistor (23). The isolation ball gap (21) is connected in series in the circuit between the impulse voltage generator (14) and the GIS equipment module (1) to break down at the moment of impulse voltage ignition, so that the impulse voltage and the power frequency voltage are applied to the GIS equipment module (1) synchronously, and to block the reverse effect of AC voltage on the impulse voltage generator (14). The protective ball gap (22) is connected in parallel in the connection circuit between the AC voltage module (2) and the GIS equipment module (1) to break down when the impulse voltage amplitude exceeds the set threshold and introduce the overvoltage to the ground; the protective resistor (23) is connected in series between the capacitive voltage divider (12) of the GIS equipment module (1) and the AC voltage module (2) to limit the circuit current and share the test energy to avoid overload damage to the components.

8. The GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection device (6) includes a high-speed oscilloscope (24), a high-speed camera (25), an ultra-high frequency sensor (26), an ultrasonic sensor (27), and an LED light (28). The high-speed oscilloscope (24) is electrically connected to the capacitive voltage divider (12) of the AC voltage module (2), the impulse voltage generator (14) of the impulse voltage module (3), and the high-voltage conductor (9) of the GIS equipment module (1) respectively, for real-time acquisition and recording of voltage and current signals; The high-speed camera (25) and the LED lighting (28) are both located outside the observation window of the GIS real-type pipe (7). The LED lighting (28) is used to provide supplementary light for the high-speed camera (25). The high-speed camera (25) is used to automatically trigger based on image changes in a specific area to capture the movement trajectory of the metal particles (8). The ultra-high frequency sensor (26) and the ultrasonic sensor (27) are both attached to the outer wall of the GIS true-type pipe (7) to collect the partial discharge signal inside the GIS true-type pipe (7).

9. A method for detecting metal particle defects in GIS, characterized in that, The method is applied to the GIS metal particle defect detection test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method includes: Sulfur hexafluoride insulating gas is introduced into the GIS model pipeline of the GIS equipment module. At the same time, the ball gap spacing and resistance parameters of the protection device are adjusted, and the signal acquisition trigger mode of the detection device is set. The AC voltage module applies power frequency voltage to the GIS equipment module, the vibrator of the physical vibration module applies simulated switching operation impact vibration to the outer shell of the GIS real pipe, and then the impact voltage module, under the adjustment of the phase control device, superimposes a standard transient impact voltage on the GIS equipment module to form a multi-stress coupling environment. The high-speed camera in the detection equipment records the trajectory of metal particles, and the ultra-high frequency sensor and ultrasonic sensor in the detection equipment collect partial discharge signals, and integrate them to obtain multi-dimensional experimental data. Based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional experimental data, the migration law and charging and discharging mechanism of the metal particles under coupled stress were obtained, and the defect detection results of GIS metal particles were obtained.

10. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of claim 9.

Images