Universal anti-collision tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a universal anti-collision tool, and belongs to the field of PCBA function testing, and the universal anti-collision tool comprises an electric push rod and a supporting plate, the lower part of the electric push rod is connected with a support, the support is provided with a first mounting plate, the first mounting plate is rotatably provided with a first connecting disc and a second connecting disc, the first connecting disc is provided with a first driving assembly, and the second connecting disc is provided with a second driving assembly. A second mounting plate is mounted on the supporting plate, extension rods are mounted on the periphery of a second connecting disc, magnetic rods are arranged on the side faces of the extension rods in an abutting mode, and a first pressing assembly and a second pressing assembly are mounted on the magnetic rods; the second pressing assembly comprises a sliding block installed on the side face of the magnetic rod in a sliding mode, a metal pressing piece and a conductive contact piece are installed on the sliding block, a through hole is formed in the sliding block, and a conductive rod is arranged in the through hole. The PCBA function testing device solves the problems that an existing PCBA function testing device cannot adapt to length-width ratios of different circuit boards for fixation, and the circuit boards and a testing needle bed cannot be centrally fixed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a universal anti-collision fixture, belonging to the field of PCBA functional testing. Background Technology

[0002] In PCBA functional testing, test fixtures are primarily used to support, fix, and connect circuit boards. These fixtures are typically used during testing to ensure that the function and performance of each electronic component meet design standards. The design of the fixtures needs to be customized according to different testing requirements, including contact points, clamps, cable connectors, etc., to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the testing process.

[0003] Existing test fixtures still have some shortcomings. Patent CN116400197A discloses a quickly changeable PCBA test fixture, including a lower-level machine, a fixture frame, and a bed-of-needles module. The lower-level machine houses a smart plug-in, a backplane, and a female connector for the bed-of-needles module. The fixture frame has a bed-of-needles module tray and a sliding guide rail. The bed-of-needles module includes test probes, a base PCB, and a male connector. The lower-level machine is installed within the fixture frame, and the bed-of-needles module is placed in the tray. The female connector connects to the male connector. During testing, the PCBA under test contacts and is pressed against the bed-of-needles module, and the test probe contacts the test points of the PCBA. There are no cables or jumpers between the bed-of-needles module and the lower-level machine, allowing for drawer-type plug-and-play operation, convenient changeover, and reliable connection. The lower-level machine has a test signal switching matrix module to adapt to the different test signal source requirements of various PCBAs under test. The aforementioned testing fixture is applicable to PCBA production lines, enabling continuous flow of PCBA soldering and testing processes. However, it lacks anti-collision functionality and cannot provide protection when the circuit board is centered and fixed, which can easily lead to scratches on the circuit board during testing.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN104614610A discloses a modular bed-of-nails fixture for testing PCBAs, comprising a fixture body, a bed-of-nails module, and a PCBA pressing module. The fixture body includes a fixture housing, bed-of-nails positioning pins, a pressing mechanism, and a PCBA pressing module fixing plate. The replaceable bed-of-nails module includes test probes, a PCBA tray to be tested, connecting bearings and springs, a test probe fixing module, and a test probe adapter for the PCB. The replaceable PCBA pressing module includes a module body, PCBA pressing posts, and hand-tightening screw holes. By replacing the bed-of-nails module and the PCBA pressing module, one fixture can be used to test multiple PCBAs, improving the fixture's versatility and reducing the fixture cost for single-board testing. Replacing the bed-of-nails module and the PCBA pressing module is convenient and quick, improving test reliability. However, while the device can switch bed-of-nails modules, it lacks buffering functionality during pressing and supporting the circuit board, and cannot adapt to different circuit board aspect ratios.

[0005] Therefore, we made improvements and proposed a universal anti-collision fixture. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (i) The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing PCBA functional testing device cannot be fixed to accommodate different aspect ratios of circuit boards, and cannot center and fix the circuit board and test needle bed, and does not have anti-collision function.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this invention provides a universal anti-collision fixture, comprising an electric push rod and a support plate. A bracket is connected to the lower part of the electric push rod, and a first mounting plate is mounted on the bracket. A first connecting plate and a second connecting plate are rotatably mounted on the first mounting plate. A first driving assembly is mounted on the first connecting plate. A second mounting plate is mounted on the support plate. Extension rods are mounted around the perimeter of the second connecting plate, and magnetic rods are abutted against the sides of the extension rods. A first pressing assembly and a second pressing assembly are mounted on the magnetic rods. The second pressing assembly includes a slider slidably mounted on the side of the magnetic rod, and a metal pressure plate and a guide are mounted on the slider. The electrical contact has a through hole in the slider, a conductive rod inside the through hole, a first screw connected to the conductive rod, a rotating block threaded to the outer side of the first screw, a first rotating ring rotatably mounted on the rotating block, a baffle mounted on the slider, a second spring installed between the first rotating ring and the baffle, a controller and a power supply mounted on the slider, a connecting shell slidably mounted on the first mounting plate, a test probe bed slidably mounted below the connecting shell, a fixed shaft mounted on the connecting shell, a torsion spring connected to the outer side of the fixed shaft, a second rotating ring mounted to the outer side of the torsion spring, a second pressure rod connected to the second rotating ring, and a cut surface on the side of the second mounting plate.

[0008] The first mounting plate has a sliding groove for the slider to slide in. A laser rangefinder is installed in the middle of the lower surface of the first mounting plate. Connecting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider, and the connecting blocks are slidably connected to the first mounting plate.

[0009] The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate have the same structure. The angle difference between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate is 45°. The support plate is provided with a notch, and the positions of the notch and the cut surface correspond to each other. The support component is installed on the side of the first mounting plate.

[0010] The first drive assembly includes a first motor mounted on a bracket, a first gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, a gear ring meshing with the outer side of the first gear, the gear ring, the first connecting disc and the second connecting disc being fixedly connected as an integral structure, and a connecting shaft mounted on the bracket, the connecting shaft being rotatably connected to the first connecting disc.

[0011] A second drive assembly is installed between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate. The second drive assembly includes a second motor installed in the first connecting plate. A second gear is connected to the output shaft of the second motor. Racks are meshed on both sides of the second gear. The racks are respectively connected to two opposite extension rods on the second connecting plate. The other two extension rods are fixedly connected to the second connecting plate.

[0012] The first pressing component includes a mounting block fixedly connected to a magnetic rod, a fixing plate mounted on the mounting block, a first pressing rod passing through the fixing plate, a first spring installed between the fixing plate and the first pressing rod, a first sliding plate fixedly mounted on the first pressing rod, and the first sliding plate abutting against the rotating block.

[0013] The positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the controller, the negative terminal of the power supply is connected to the conductive contact, and the parts of the metal pressure plate and the conductive contact connected to the slider are all arc-shaped. The conductive rod is connected to the controller through a wire, the controller is wirelessly connected to the first motor, and a wire hole is opened in the slider for the wire to pass through.

[0014] The support assembly includes guide rods fixedly disposed on both sides of the first mounting plate. A third motor is mounted on one of the guide rods, and a second screw is connected to the output shaft of the third motor. A threaded bushing is threadedly connected to the outer side of the second screw, and the threaded bushing is fixedly connected to the connecting shell.

[0015] The outer wall of the guide rod is in contact with the inner wall of the connecting shell. A fixed frame is fixedly installed on the first mounting plate. A rotating plate is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. A docking hole is opened in the rotating plate. A docking block is slidably installed in the docking hole. A movable rod is fixedly connected to the docking block. The movable rod is slidably installed in the second screw. A third spring is connected between the movable rod and the second screw.

[0016] The sliding direction of the test needle bed is parallel or perpendicular to the length direction of the moving groove on the second mounting plate. A sliding groove is provided inside the connecting shell, and a second sliding plate is slidably installed in the sliding groove. Rollers are rotatably provided on both sides of the sliding groove, and the rollers are evenly distributed along the length direction of the sliding groove.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects The universal anti-collision fixture provided by this invention has the following advantages: 1. By setting a second pressing component and a conductive rod, the functions of overpressure prevention and force-controlled clamping are realized. When the slider drives the conductive contact to move towards the circuit board and presses it, the conductive contact deforms under force until it contacts the conductive rod at the preset position. The conductive contact and the conductive rod form a contact detection circuit. The controller detects the circuit is connected and immediately sends a stop signal, causing the first motor to stop driving the first gear to rotate. Thus, it automatically stops when the predetermined clamping force is reached, realizing the function of preventing excessive collision and avoiding damage to the circuit board due to excessive clamping. This solves the problem that the existing detection device cannot achieve the protection function when the circuit board is fixed in the center and is prone to scratching the circuit board during testing.

[0018] 2. By using a conductive contact with an arc surface, a first driving component, and a second pressure rod, the circuit board and the test probe bed are centered and aligned. The magnetic rods and sliders in four directions move synchronously towards the central axis of the first mounting plate under the drive of the driving component. The arc surface of the conductive contact applies a guiding force when it contacts the edge of the circuit board, automatically correcting the circuit board's position during the clamping process and ultimately stabilizing it in the center. Simultaneously, when the test probe bed moves between two adjacent second pressure rods, a torsion spring automatically centers the slidingly mounted test probe bed, ensuring alignment between the test probe bed and the circuit board. This enables the device to perform accurate testing, solving the problem that existing PCBA testing fixtures cannot center and fix the circuit board and test probe bed.

[0019] 3. The second drive component enables the use of circuit boards with different aspect ratios. The second motor drives the second gear to rotate, causing the racks on both sides of the second gear to move towards each other or away from each other. This allows the two diagonally opposite extension rods of the second connecting plate to retract inward or expand outward simultaneously, thereby adapting to circuit boards with different aspect ratios and applying a certain degree of clamping. The device is equipped with a rotating block and a first screw. By keeping the first screw stationary and moving the rotating block, the initial gap between the conductive rod and the conductive contact is changed, altering the sensitivity of the clamping trigger and the final clamping force, thus enhancing the adaptability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second connecting disk and the second driving component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the magnetic rod and the second pressing component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first mounting plate of the present invention. Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the first mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second screw and the threaded bushing of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the connecting shell of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point E; Figure 13 for Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point F.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Electric push rod; 2. Bracket; 3. First mounting plate; 4. Second mounting plate; 5. First drive assembly; 501. First motor; 502. First gear; 503. Gear ring; 504. Connecting shaft; 6. First connecting plate; 7. Second connecting plate; 8. Extension rod; 9. Second drive assembly; 901. Second motor; 902. Second gear; 903. Rack; 10. Magnetic rod; 11. First pressing assembly; 1101. Mounting block; 1102. Fixing plate; 1103. First pressure rod; 1104. First spring; 1105. First sliding plate; 1106. Groove; 1107. Longitudinal ridge; 12. Rotating block; 13. Support plate; 14. Connecting block; 15. First screw; 16. First rotating ring; 17. Second spring; 18. Conductive rod; 9. Second pressing assembly; 1901. Slider; 1902. Connecting block; 1903. Metal pressure plate; 1904. Conductive contact; 1905. Through hole; 20. Controller; 21. Power supply; 22. Wire hole; 23. Baffle; 24. Moving groove; 25. Laser rangefinder; 26. Support assembly; 2601. Guide rod; 2602. Fixing frame; 2603. Rotating plate; 2604. Docking hole; 2605. Docking block; 2606. Movable rod; 2607. Third spring; 27. Notch; 28. Cut surface; 29. ​​Third motor; 30. Second screw; 31. Threaded bushing; 32. Connecting shell; 33. Test needle bed; 34. Second sliding plate; 35. Slide groove; 36. Roller; 37. Fixed shaft; 38. Second rotating ring; 39. Second pressure rod; 40. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0024] Example 1: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13As shown, this embodiment proposes a universal anti-collision fixture, including an electric push rod 1 and a support plate 13. A bracket 2 is connected to the lower part of the electric push rod 1. A first mounting plate 3 is mounted on the bracket 2. A first connecting plate 6 and a second connecting plate 7 are rotatably mounted on the first mounting plate 3. A first driving assembly 5 is mounted on the first connecting plate 6. A second mounting plate 4 is mounted on the support plate 13. Extension rods 8 are mounted around the second connecting plate 7. A magnetic rod 10 is abutted against the side of the extension rod 8. A first pressing assembly 11 and a second pressing assembly 19 are mounted on the magnetic rod 10. The second pressing assembly 19 includes a slider 1901 slidably mounted on the side of the magnetic rod 10. A metal pressure plate 1903 and a conductive contact plate 1904 are mounted on the slider 1901. A through hole 1 is opened in the slider 1901. A conductive rod 18 is installed inside the through hole 1905. A first screw 15 is connected to the conductive rod 18. A rotating block 12 is threaded to the outside of the first screw 15. A first rotating ring 16 is rotatably installed on the rotating block 12. A baffle 23 is installed on the slider 1901. A second spring 17 is installed between the first rotating ring 16 and the baffle 23. A controller 20 and a power supply 21 are installed on the slider 1901. A connecting shell 32 is slidably installed on the first mounting plate 3. A test needle bed 33 is slidably installed below the connecting shell 32. A fixed shaft 37 is installed on the connecting shell 32. A torsion spring 40 is connected to the outside of the fixed shaft 37. A second rotating ring 38 is installed to the outside of the torsion spring 40. A second pressure rod 39 is connected to the second rotating ring 38. A cut surface 28 is provided on the side of the second mounting plate 4. When using the device, the circuit board to be tested is placed on the surface of the second mounting plate 4, and then the connecting shell 32 is slid down until it is directly above the cut surface 28. At this time, the electric push rod 1 is extended, driving the bracket 2 and the first mounting plate 3 to move downwards. The first drive assembly 5 drives the first connecting plate 6 and the second connecting plate 7 to rotate as a whole. Then, the extension rod 8 abuts against the magnetic rod 10, driving the magnetic rods 10 around the first mounting plate 3 and the slider 1901 to move towards the center. During this process, such as Figure 7 As shown, when the metal pressure plate 1903 and conductive contact 1904 on the first mounting plate 3 abut against the side of the circuit board, the arc surface of the conductive contact 1904 will gradually center the circuit board after being compressed, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, after the circuit board is centered, as the slider 1901 continues to move, the pressure on the conductive contact 1904 gradually increases, causing the conductive contact 1904 to contact the conductive rod 18. At this time, the controller 20 connects the power supply 21 through the conductive contact 1904 and the conductive rod 18, thereby stopping the first drive assembly 5 from driving the extension rod 8 to rotate further. This allows the device to stop further clamping after completing the centering and fixing of the circuit board. The device can also adjust the triggering condition for stopping the first drive assembly 5. By keeping the first screw 15 stationary and turning the rotating block 12, the initial position of the conductive rod 18 can be adjusted, allowing the device to easily adjust the distance between the conductive rod 18 and the conductive contact 1904, thereby changing the triggering condition when the conductive rod 18 and the conductive contact 1904 are energized, to adapt to different circuit boards and use corresponding clamping effects. When testing the circuit board, the connecting shell 32 is slid back to below the first mounting plate 3, and then the corresponding test needle bed 33 is moved between the two adjacent second pressure rods 39. The second rotating ring 38 on the second pressure rod 39 can press the test needle bed 33 in the center under the action of the torsion spring 40 on the fixed shaft 37, thereby accurately testing the circuit board.

[0025] Example 2: The solution in Example 1 will be further described below with reference to its specific working method. like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the first mounting plate 3 is further provided with a moving groove 24 for the slider 1901 to slide. A laser rangefinder 25 is installed in the middle of the lower surface of the first mounting plate 3. Connecting blocks 1902 are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider 1901. The connecting blocks 1902 and the first mounting plate 3 are slidably connected. The connecting blocks 1902 can ensure that the slider 1901 slides smoothly on the first mounting plate 3. The laser rangefinder 25 first detects the distance between the first mounting plate 3 and the second mounting plate 4. After the circuit board is placed, the distance between the first mounting plate 3 and the circuit board is detected again, thereby detecting the thickness of the circuit board so as to adaptively adjust the extension of the electric push rod 1 when detecting the circuit board.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the first mounting plate 3 and the second mounting plate 4 have the same structure, the angle difference between the first mounting plate 3 and the second mounting plate 4 is 45°, the support plate 13 is provided with a notch 27, the notch 27 and the cut surface 28 are positioned corresponding to each other, the support component 26 is installed on the side of the first mounting plate 3, the first mounting plate 3 and the second mounting plate 4 have the same structure, so that the device can press and fix the circuit board from multiple directions. The notch 27 and the cut surface 28 facilitate the passage of the connecting shell 32 during subsequent testing, thereby enhancing the stability and adaptability of the device during operation.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the first drive assembly 5 further includes a first motor 501 mounted on the bracket 2. A first gear 502 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 501. A gear ring 503 is meshed with the outer side of the first gear 502. The gear ring 503, the first connecting disc 6, and the second connecting disc 7 are fixedly connected as an integral structure. A connecting shaft 504 is mounted on the bracket 2. The connecting shaft 504 is rotatably connected to the first connecting disc 6. The first motor 501 is used to drive the first gear 502 to rotate. The first gear 502 drives the gear ring 503 to rotate. When the gear ring 503 rotates, it will drive the first connecting disc 6 and the second connecting disc 7 to rotate, so as to clamp and fix the circuit board in the future. The connecting shaft 504 ensures that the rotation of the first connecting disc 6 will not affect the bracket 2, and at the same time ensures that the first connecting disc 6 is stably supported.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, a second drive assembly 9 is further installed between the first connecting disk 6 and the second connecting disk 7. The second drive assembly 9 includes a second motor 901 installed in the first connecting disk 6. A second gear 902 is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 901. Both sides of the second gear 902 are meshed with racks 903. The racks 903 are respectively connected to two opposing extension rods 8 on the second connecting disk 7. The extension rods 8 can be made of magnetic metal to facilitate the subsequent attraction of magnetic rods 10, allowing the magnetic rods 10 to move synchronously with the extension rods 8. The other two extension rods 8 are fixedly connected to the second connecting disk 7. Figure 4 It can be seen that the second motor 901 is used to drive the second gear 902 to rotate. The second gear 902 can drive the two adjacent racks 903 to move towards each other or away from each other, thereby driving the two diagonally opposite extension rods 8 of the second connecting plate 7 to move closer or further away from each other, so that the device can adapt to the clamping and fixing of circuit boards with different aspect ratios, and enhance the overall stability of the device.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the first pressing assembly 11 further includes a mounting block 1101 fixedly connected to the magnetic rod 10. A fixing plate 1102 is mounted on the mounting block 1101. A first pressing rod 1103 is disposed through the fixing plate 1102. A first spring 1104 is installed between the fixing plate 1102 and the first pressing rod 1103. A first sliding plate 1105 is fixedly disposed on the first pressing rod 1103. The first sliding plate 1105 abuts against the rotating block 12. When the device is in use, the first screw 15 is kept stationary, and the rotating block 12 is turned so that it rotates to a suitable angle. Then, the pressing is achieved by the pressure between the fixing plate 1102 and the first pressing rod 1103. The first spring 1104 causes the first slide plate 1105 to press the rotating block 12, ensuring that the rotating block 12 remains fixed after rotating to a suitable position. This allows the device to remain fixed after adjusting the initial position of the conductive rod 18, facilitating subsequent adjustment of the clamping effect on different circuit boards. The surface of the rotating block 12 is provided with a groove 1106, and the surface of the first slide plate 1105 is provided with longitudinal ridges 1107 for engaging with the groove 1106. A connecting block 14 is fixedly connected to the first screw 15. The central axes of the rotating block 12, the connecting block 14, and the first slide plate 1105 are collinear. The meshing grooves 1106 and longitudinal ridges 1107 allow the rotating block 12 to be stably pressed.

[0030] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the positive terminal of the power supply 21 is connected to the controller 20, and the negative terminal of the power supply 21 is connected to the conductive contact 1904. The parts where the metal pressure plate 1903 and the conductive contact 1904 are connected to the slider 1901 are both arc-shaped. The conductive rod 18 is connected to the controller 20 through a wire. The controller 20 is wirelessly connected to the first motor 501. A wire hole 22 for the wire to pass through is opened in the slider 1901. When the device completes the pressing of the circuit board, the conductive contact 1904 is gradually pressed down during the contact process with the circuit board, so that the conductive contact 1904 abuts against the conductive rod 18, so that the conductive contact 1904 and the conductive rod 18 are energized. After being energized, the electrical signal can be transmitted to the first motor 501 through the controller 20, so that the first motor 501 stops working, and the slider 1901 stops pressing further after pressing the circuit board to a certain extent, thereby realizing the function of preventing excessive collision.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the support assembly 26 further includes guide rods 2601 fixedly disposed on both sides of the first mounting plate 3. A third motor 29 is mounted on one side of the guide rod 2601, and a second screw 30 is connected to the output shaft of the third motor 29. A threaded bushing 31 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the second screw 30, and the threaded bushing 31 is fixedly connected to the connecting shell 32. When the third motor 29 drives the second screw 30 to rotate, under the guidance of the guide rod 2601, the threaded bushing 31 and the connecting shell 32 can slide along the guide rod 2601 to facilitate subsequent switching between the support circuit board and the detection circuit board.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the outer wall of the guide rod 2601 is further fitted to the inner wall of the connecting shell 32. A fixing bracket 2602 is fixedly installed on the first mounting plate 3, and a rotating plate 2603 is rotatably connected to the fixing bracket 2602. A docking hole 2604 is opened in the rotating plate 2603, and a docking block 2605 is slidably installed in the docking hole 2604. A movable rod 2606 is fixedly connected to the docking block 2605. The movable rod 2606 is slidably installed in the second screw 30, and a third spring 2607 is connected between the movable rod 2606 and the second screw 30. Figure 12 As shown, the rotating plate 2603 is used to support the second screw 30. By pressing the docking block 2605, the third spring 2607 is compressed, and the movable rod 2606 slides inside the second screw 30. After the docking block 2605 disengages from the docking hole 2604, the rotating plate 2603 is rotated 180°. By rotating the second screw 30, the connecting shell 32 is detached from the first mounting plate 3 as a whole, so that the device can switch between using the clamping and detection functions and using only the clamping function.

[0033] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the sliding direction of the test needle bed 33 is parallel or perpendicular to the length direction of the moving groove 24 on the second mounting plate 4. A sliding groove 35 is provided in the connecting shell 32, and a second sliding plate 34 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 35. Rollers 36 are rotatably provided on both sides of the sliding groove 35, and the rollers 36 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the sliding groove 35. Since this device achieves the centered installation of the test needle bed 33 by squeezing the two diagonally opposite sides of the test needle bed 33, in order to reduce the sliding resistance of the second sliding plate 34 in the sliding groove 35 when the test needle bed 33 moves, the rollers 36 can be used to change the sliding friction of the second sliding plate 34 from sliding friction to rolling friction, so that the test needle bed 33 can be conveniently centered and fixed.

[0034] Example 3: The solutions in Embodiments 1 and 2 will be further described below with reference to their specific working methods. Specifically, when using this universal anti-collision tool: (e.g.) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, when using the device, the circuit board to be tested is placed on the surface of the second mounting plate 4, and then the connecting shell 32 is slid so that it slides directly above the cut surface 28 and the notch 27 to prevent the connecting shell 32 from being blocked by the second mounting plate 4 when it moves down. At this time, the electric push rod 1 is extended, driving the bracket 2 and the first mounting plate 3 to move downwards. The first drive assembly 5 drives the first connecting plate 6 and the second connecting plate 7 to rotate as a whole. The first motor 501 is used to drive the first gear 502 to rotate. The first gear 502 drives the gear ring 503 to rotate. When the gear ring 503 rotates, it will drive the first connecting plate 6 and the second connecting plate 7 to rotate. The connecting shaft 504 is used to support the first connecting plate 6. When the second connecting plate 7 rotates, it abuts against the magnetic rod 10 through the extension rod 8, driving the magnetic rods 10 around the first mounting plate 3 and the slider 1901 to move towards the center. The slider 1901 slides on the first mounting plate 3 through the moving groove 24. During this process, as Figure 7 As shown, the metal pressure plate 1903 and conductive contact 1904 on the first mounting plate 3 abut against the side of the circuit board. The curved surfaces of the conductive contact 1904 and the metal pressure plate 1903 cause the circuit board to gradually center after being compressed. When the circuit board is centered, as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, as the slider 1901 continues to move, the pressure on the conductive contact 1904 gradually increases until the conductive contact 1904 contacts the conductive rod 18. At this time, the controller 20 connects the power supply 21 through the conductive contact 1904 and the conductive rod 18. The controller 20 detects the circuit connection and immediately sends a stop signal, causing the first motor 501 on the first drive assembly 5 to stop driving the first gear 502 to rotate, preventing the extension rod 8 from rotating further, so that the device can stop further pressing after completing the centering and fixing of the circuit board. Figure 4As shown, when inspecting the same batch of circuit boards, the device adaptively adjusts the second drive assembly 9 according to the aspect ratio of the circuit board. The second motor 901 drives the second gear 902 to rotate, which in turn causes adjacent racks 903 to move towards or away from each other. This, in turn, causes the two diagonally opposite extension rods 8 of the second connecting disc 7 to move closer or further apart, allowing the device to clamp and fix circuit boards with different aspect ratios. The second spring 17 between the first rotating ring 16 and the baffle 23 provides a buffering function after the conductive contact 1904 and the conductive rod 18 come into contact. The connecting block 1902 ensures that the slider 1901 slides smoothly on the first mounting plate 3. The laser rangefinder 25 first detects the distance between the first mounting plate 3 and the second mounting plate 4. After placing the circuit board, it then detects the distance between the first mounting plate 3 and the circuit board, thereby detecting the circuit board thickness. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the extension of the electric push rod 1 during circuit board inspection.

[0035] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, this device can adjust the triggering conditions for stopping the first drive assembly 5. By keeping the first screw 15 and connecting block 14 stationary, the rotating block 12 is moved to adjust the initial position of the conductive rod 18 within the slider 1901, thereby adjusting the distance between the conductive rod 18 and the conductive contact 1904. This changes the triggering conditions when the conductive rod 18 and the conductive contact 1904 are energized, adapting to different circuit boards and providing corresponding clamping effects. Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, since the first sliding plate 1105 and the rotating block 12 abut against each other, the device keeps the first screw 15 stationary during use. The rotating block 12 is moved to a suitable angle, and then the first spring 1104 between the fixed plate 1102 and the first pressure rod 1103 presses the first sliding plate 1105 against the rotating block 12, ensuring that the rotating block 12 remains fixed after rotating to the appropriate position. This allows the device to remain fixed after adjusting the initial position of the conductive rod 18, facilitating subsequent adjustments to the clamping effect on different circuit boards. When testing the circuit board, the connecting shell 32 is slid back under the first mounting plate 3, and then the corresponding test needle bed 33 is moved between two adjacent second pressure rods 39. The second rotating ring 38 on the second pressure rod 39 can press the test needle bed 33 in the center under the action of the torsion spring 40 on the fixed shaft 37, thereby accurately testing the circuit board. Figure 11 and Figure 13As shown, because the device achieves centered installation of the test needle bed 33 by pressing the two diagonally opposite sides of the test needle bed 33 with the second pressure rod 39, when the test needle bed 33 moves, the roller 36 causes the second slide plate 34 to change from sliding friction to rolling friction, reducing the sliding resistance of the second slide plate 34 in the slide groove 35, thereby enabling the test needle bed 33 to be easily centered and fixed. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the third motor 29 drives the second screw 30 to rotate, under the guidance of the guide rod 2601, the threaded bushing 31 and the connecting shell 32 can slide along the guide rod 2601. When the connecting shell 32 is directly below the first mounting plate 3, the circuit board can be supported for circuit board testing. The rotating plate 2603 is used to support the side of the second screw 30 away from the third motor 29. By pressing the docking block 2605, the movable rod 2606 slides inside the second screw 30, and the third spring 2607 is compressed. When the docking block 2605 is disengaged from the docking hole 2604, the rotating plate 2603 is rotated 180°. At this time, the second screw 30 can be driven to rotate by the third motor 29, and the threaded bushing 31 and the connecting shell 32 can be detached from the first mounting plate 3 as a whole, so that the device can switch between using clamping and testing circuit boards.

[0036] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A universal anti-collision fixture, comprising an electric push rod (1) and a support plate (13), characterized in that, A bracket (2) is connected below the electric push rod (1). A first mounting plate (3) is mounted on the bracket (2). A first connecting plate (6) and a second connecting plate (7) are rotatably mounted on the first mounting plate (3). A first drive assembly (5) is mounted on the first connecting plate (6). A second mounting plate (4) is mounted on the support plate (13). Extension rods (8) are mounted around the second connecting plate (7). A magnetic rod (10) is abutted against the side of the extension rod (8). A first pressing assembly (11) and a second pressing assembly (19) are mounted on the magnetic rod (10). The second pressing assembly (19) includes a slider (1901) slidably mounted on the side of the magnetic rod (10). A metal pressure plate (1903) and a conductive contact plate (1904) are mounted on the slider (1901). A through hole (1905) is opened in the slider (1901). A conductive rod is provided in the through hole (1905). (18) A first screw (15) is connected to the conductive rod (18). A rotating block (12) is threaded to the outside of the first screw (15). A first rotating ring (16) is rotatably installed on the rotating block (12). A baffle (23) is installed on the slider (1901). A second spring (17) is installed between the first rotating ring (16) and the baffle (23). A controller (20) and a power supply (21) are installed on the slider (1901). A connecting shell (32) is slidably installed on the first mounting plate (3). A test needle bed (33) is slidably installed below the connecting shell (32). A fixed shaft (37) is installed on the connecting shell (32). A torsion spring (40) is connected to the outside of the fixed shaft (37). A second rotating ring (38) is installed to the outside of the torsion spring (40). A second pressure rod (39) is connected to the second rotating ring (38). A cut surface (28) is provided on the side of the second mounting plate (4).

2. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting plate (3) has a moving groove (24) for sliding the slider (1901). A laser rangefinder (25) is installed in the middle of the lower surface of the first mounting plate (3). Connecting blocks (1902) are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider (1901). The connecting blocks (1902) and the first mounting plate (3) are slidably connected.

3. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first mounting plate (3) and the second mounting plate (4) have the same structure. The angle difference between the first mounting plate (3) and the second mounting plate (4) is 45°. A notch (27) is provided on the support plate (13). The positions of the notch (27) and the cut surface (28) correspond to each other. A support component (26) is installed on the side of the first mounting plate (3).

4. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive assembly (5) includes a first motor (501) mounted on a bracket (2). A first gear (502) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (501). A gear ring (503) is meshed with the outer side of the first gear (502). The gear ring (503), the first connecting disc (6), and the second connecting disc (7) are fixedly connected as an integral structure. A connecting shaft (504) is mounted on the bracket (2). The connecting shaft (504) and the first connecting disc (6) are rotatably connected.

5. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second drive assembly (9) is installed between the first connecting plate (6) and the second connecting plate (7). The second drive assembly (9) includes a second motor (901) installed in the first connecting plate (6). A second gear (902) is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (901). A rack (903) is meshed on both sides of the second gear (902). The rack (903) is connected to two opposite extension rods (8) on the second connecting plate (7). The other two extension rods (8) are fixedly connected to the second connecting plate (7).

6. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressing component (11) includes a mounting block (1101) fixedly connected to the magnetic rod (10), a fixing plate (1102) is mounted on the mounting block (1101), a first pressing rod (1103) is provided through the fixing plate (1102), a first spring (1104) is installed between the fixing plate (1102) and the first pressing rod (1103), a first sliding plate (1105) is fixedly mounted on the first pressing rod (1103), and the first sliding plate (1105) abuts against the rotating block (12).

7. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positive terminal of the power supply (21) is connected to the controller (20), and the negative terminal of the power supply (21) is connected to the conductive contact (1904). The parts of the metal pressure plate (1903) and the conductive contact (1904) connected to the slider (1901) are all arc-shaped. The conductive rod (18) is connected to the controller (20) through a wire. The controller (20) is wirelessly connected to the first motor (501). A wire hole (22) is opened in the slider (1901) for the wire to pass through.

8. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support assembly (26) includes guide rods (2601) fixedly disposed on both sides of the first mounting plate (3). A third motor (29) is mounted on one of the guide rods (2601). A second screw (30) is connected to the output shaft of the third motor (29). A threaded bushing (31) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the second screw (30). The threaded bushing (31) is fixedly connected to the connecting shell (32).

9. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer wall of the guide rod (2601) is in contact with the inner wall of the connecting shell (32). A fixing frame (2602) is fixedly installed on the first mounting plate (3). A rotating plate (2603) is rotatably connected to the fixing frame (2602). A docking hole (2604) is opened in the rotating plate (2603). A docking block (2605) is slidably installed in the docking hole (2604). A movable rod (2606) is fixedly connected to the docking block (2605). The movable rod (2606) is slidably installed in the second screw (30). A third spring (2607) is connected between the movable rod (2606) and the second screw (30).

10. The universal anti-collision fixture according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sliding direction of the test needle bed (33) is parallel or perpendicular to the length direction of the moving groove (24) on the second mounting plate (4). A sliding groove (35) is provided in the connecting shell (32). A second sliding plate (34) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (35). Rollers (36) are rotatably provided on both sides of the sliding groove (35). The rollers (36) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the sliding groove (35).

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