Power distribution terminal communication abnormity and self-healing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a power distribution terminal communication abnormity and self-healing method, a power distribution terminal comprises a main control unit, a storage battery, a 4G module and an intelligent restart device, and the power distribution terminal communication abnormity and self-healing method comprises the following steps: a storage battery power supply supplies power to the main control unit after passing through a switch in the intelligent restart device; the main control unit is connected with the 4G module through a serial port; the main control unit communicates with a main station in a 4G module wireless mode; a serial port communication line of the main control unit is also connected with the intelligent restart device; when the intelligent restarting device cannot receive normal data sent by the main control unit, communication of the main control unit is judged to be abnormal, if the switch between the storage battery and the main control unit is temporarily disconnected, the power distribution terminal is restarted, and therefore the purpose that the power distribution terminal is reset and recovers communication is achieved. And a large amount of manpower, material resources and time can be saved, and the working pressure of operation and maintenance and relay protection personnel is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power distribution terminals, and in particular to a method for addressing communication anomalies and self-healing in power distribution terminals. Background Technology

[0002] Communication between distribution terminal equipment and the master station is crucial in distribution automation systems. However, due to inconsistent quality of distribution automation devices at switching stations, frequent crashes of encryption devices and distribution network switches, communication between distribution terminals is often interrupted, significantly impacting the online rate of switching stations and posing potential risks to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. For such communication interruptions, a power outage and restart can resolve more than 90% of the problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in power distribution terminals, which can significantly improve the timeliness of handling communication interruption defects in power distribution terminals, and can save a lot of manpower, material resources and time, and reduce the workload of operation and maintenance and relay protection personnel.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This application provides a method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal. The power distribution terminal includes a main control unit, a battery, a 4G module, and a smart restart device. The method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal includes the following steps:

[0006] The battery power supplies power to the main control unit after passing through the switch in the intelligent restart device;

[0007] The main control unit connects to the 4G module via a serial port;

[0008] The main control unit communicates with the main station wirelessly via a 4G module;

[0009] The serial communication cable of the main control unit is also connected to the intelligent restart device;

[0010] When the intelligent restart device fails to receive normal data from the main control unit, it determines that the main control unit is in communication abnormal. If so, it briefly disconnects the switch between the battery and the main control unit to restart the power distribution terminal, thereby achieving the purpose of resetting the power distribution terminal and restoring communication.

[0011] The intelligent restart device monitors the communication between the main control unit of the power distribution terminal and the 4G module, and monitors the serial heartbeat messages sent by the main control unit to the 4G module. The sending interface line of the main control unit is connected to the serial receiving terminal of the intelligent restart device.

[0012] The intelligent restart device achieves hard restart by controlling the power supply to the power distribution terminal through relay switches. The intelligent restart device has a total of 3 relay switches available for use. One of them has a 1A contact capacity and provides normally open and normally closed contacts, while the other two have a 30A contact capacity and only provide normally closed contacts. When the intelligent restart device is connected to the power distribution terminal, any one of the 30A contacts can be connected in series with the power supply line of the main control unit.

[0013] The intelligent restart device achieves hard restart by controlling the power supply to the power distribution terminal through a relay switch. Specifically:

[0014] The intelligent restart device parameter settings include two parameters: alarm interval and power outage duration.

[0015] The intelligent restart device receives message signals sent by the main control unit;

[0016] Analyze the message signals and start timing;

[0017] Determine if the received message has timed out;

[0018] If the received message times out, the power distribution terminal will alarm and power off to restart. If the received message does not time out, the timer will be reset to zero, and the intelligent restart device will receive the message signal sent by the main control unit again, thus achieving a cycle.

[0019] The process of parsing message signals employs a detection algorithm based on communication silence and a detection algorithm based on message integrity and correctness. Specifically, the detection algorithm based on communication silence involves the device periodically sending heartbeat messages during normal operation and responding when queried by the master station. By identifying two modes—waiting for heartbeats and waiting for responses—different timeout thresholds are set to accurately distinguish between normal waiting and abnormal silence. The detection algorithm based on message integrity and correctness involves defining a strict frame structure state machine to verify each part of the message, ensuring that it conforms to the established communication protocol.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application addresses the current situation by real-time monitoring, evaluation, and decision-making regarding the communication status of power distribution terminals. After a certain period of time when message exchange between the terminal and the master station disappears, it determines that the power distribution terminal communication is interrupted and performs a hard restart by powering off the terminal. This device can significantly improve the timeliness of handling power distribution terminal communication interruption defects, and can save a significant amount of manpower, material resources, and time, reducing the workload of operation and maintenance and relay protection personnel. It is of great significance for improving the online rate of 10kV switchgear. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the method. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0025] The terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0026] The terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor as requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal. The power distribution terminal includes a main control unit 1, a battery 3, a 4G module 3, and a smart restart device 4. The method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal includes the following steps:

[0028] The battery power supplies power to the main control unit after passing through the switch in the intelligent restart device;

[0029] The main control unit connects to the 4G module via a serial port;

[0030] The main control unit communicates with the main station wirelessly via a 4G module;

[0031] The serial communication cable of the main control unit is also connected to the intelligent restart device;

[0032] When the intelligent restart device fails to receive normal data from the main control unit, it determines that the main control unit is in communication abnormal. If so, it briefly disconnects the switch between the battery and the main control unit to restart the power distribution terminal, thereby achieving the purpose of resetting the power distribution terminal and restoring communication.

[0033] The intelligent restart device is a square box-shaped unit measuring 15cm × 11cm × 5cm. A 3.5-inch color screen is located in the center of the panel, with two indicator lights on the upper left and six operation buttons below. The sides of the panel have three rows of terminal blocks for power supply, communication, and restart control. After being connected to the system, the device monitors the communication between the main control unit of the power distribution terminal and the 4G module. In the event of a communication anomaly, it power-offs and restarts the power distribution terminal. The time threshold for communication anomalies and the power-off duration for restarting can both be set via buttons and the interface.

[0034] (1) Power supply to the device

[0035] The device requires a 220V AC power supply. The total power consumption of the device should not exceed 20W. The 220V power can be directly drawn from the terminal block of the distribution network terminal equipment. The corresponding terminals on the smart restart device are:

[0036] L: Fireline

[0037] N: Neutral wire

[0038] PE: Grounding

[0039] (2) Communication line

[0040] The smart restart device needs to monitor the communication between the main control unit and the 4G module of the distribution network terminal, primarily monitoring the serial heartbeat messages sent by the main control unit to the 4G module. Therefore, the main control unit's transmit interface line needs to be connected to the serial receive terminal of the smart restart device. The smart restart device has two serial receive ports; either one can be connected. The corresponding terminals on the smart restart device are:

[0041] GND: Common Ground for Communications

[0042] RX1: Receive 1

[0043] RX2: Receive 2

[0044] (3) Restart control

[0045] The intelligent restart device achieves a hard restart by controlling the power supply to the distribution network terminal through relay switches. The intelligent restart device has three relay switches available. One has a 1A contact capacity, providing both normally open and normally closed contacts, while the other two have a 30A contact capacity, providing only normally closed contacts. When connecting the intelligent restart device to the distribution network terminal, any one of the 30A contacts must be connected in series with the power supply line of the main control unit. The corresponding terminals on the intelligent restart device are:

[0046] JO: 1A relay normally open contact

[0047] JC: 1A relay normally closed contact

[0048] JCO: 1A relay common point

[0049] K1B: Normally closed terminal B of the first 30A relay

[0050] K1A: First 30A relay normally closed terminal A

[0051] K2B: Second 30A relay normally closed terminal B

[0052] K2A: Second 30A relay normally closed terminal A

[0053] The process of parsing message signals utilizes a "detection algorithm based on communication silence" and a "detection algorithm based on message integrity and correctness." Based on the given interactive messages, these two algorithm models are explained separately.

[0054] 1. Algorithm for detecting communication silence

[0055] Algorithm Model: Dual-Threshold Adaptive Silent Detection Model

[0056] Core principle: During normal operation, the device periodically sends "heartbeat" messages and responds with "bursts" when queried by the main station. This algorithm identifies these two modes and sets different timeout thresholds to accurately distinguish between normal waiting and abnormal silence.

[0057] Model details:

[0058] 1) Pattern Recognition and State Machines:

[0059] Heartbeat mode: The device is observed to periodically (approximately every 100-110 seconds) send EB 00 0C ... 10 42 ... B3D7 messages. This is status information proactively reported by the device.

[0060] Response mode: When the device receives the query command ◇01 ... □ sent by the master station, it will reply with a series of EB 00 0C ... 10 00 ... 2F D7 and EB 00 26 ... messages in a short period of time, forming a "response bursts".

[0061] 2) Dual threshold setting:

[0062] Heartbeat timeout threshold T_heartbeat: Based on historical data analysis, the longest heartbeat cycle is 110 seconds. Considering a margin, T_heartbeat is set to 180 seconds.

[0063] Response timeout threshold T_response: Allows a short wait time after triggering response mode. Based on the data, the response begins within 1-2 seconds. Set T_response = 10 seconds.

[0064] 3) Algorithm Flow (State Machine):

[0065] Status 1: Waiting for a heartbeat

[0066] Condition: System startup or after the last valid message.

[0067] Action: Start timer_1 with a threshold of T_heartbeat.

[0068] Trigger: If any valid message is received within T_heartbeat, reset Timer_1 and determine whether to enter state 2 based on the message type.

[0069] Exception: If Timer_1 times out, it is judged as "communication silence exception".

[0070] Status 2: Awaiting response completion (after querying the main site)

[0071] Condition: The main station sends a query command ◇01 ... □.

[0072] Action: Start timer_2 with a threshold of T_response.

[0073] Trigger: In the T_response window, reset Timer_2 for each valid response message (10 00 ... or EB00 26 ...) received.

[0074] Complete / Exception: When Timer_2 times out, it indicates that the response bursts have ended. The system returns status 1. If no response message is received within T_response after entering status 2, it is immediately judged as "No response to query exception," which is a more serious form of silence.

[0075] Application examples in the provided message:

[0076] Normal heartbeat: Heartbeat received at [14:55:10.948], timer reset. Next heartbeat received at [14:56:59.778], interval approximately 109 seconds, less than T_heartbeat, normal.

[0077] Normal response: [14:36:12.794] The main station queried, and the device entered state 2. Subsequently, at [14:37:36.320] a heartbeat was received (as the final response to the query), Timer_2 was reset and timed out after approximately 84 seconds, and the process was normal.

[0078] Anomaly detection: If the device does not send any messages within the next 190 seconds after [20:30:39.448], Timer_1 will time out, triggering a "communication silence anomaly", and the device should be restarted.

[0079] 2. Algorithm for detecting message integrity and correctness

[0080] Algorithm Model: Reduction Consistency Finite State Machine Verification Model

[0081] Core principle: Define a strict frame structure state machine to verify each part of the message and ensure that it conforms to the established communication protocol.

[0082] Model details (verification steps):

[0083] 1) Start of frame check:

[0084] Rule: Messages must begin with 0xEB.

[0085] Exception: Any byte stream that does not begin with 0xEB (such as the isolated ◇01 ... □, although it is sent by the master station, the terminal device should not send such a message) is considered an "illegal start character".

[0086] 2) Length field verification:

[0087] Rule: The second and third bytes of the message (00 0C or 00 26) define the length of the subsequent data.

[0088] Calculation: For 00 0C, the expected full frame length is 0x000C + 4 = 16 bytes (including the header 2 bytes, length 2 bytes, data body, and frame trailer). For 00 26, the expected frame length is 0x0026 + 4 = 42 bytes.

[0089] Anomaly: If the actual number of bytes received does not equal the expected frame length, it is considered a "length field error". This is a key anomaly in your data.

[0090] 3) Fixed structure verification:

[0091] Rule: A fixed value must appear at a specific location. For example, 0x10 is often found in the 6th byte, which is very likely a "message type" identifier.

[0092] Anomaly: The value at a fixed position does not conform to expectations, and is judged as "structural domain error".

[0093] 4) End-of-frame check:

[0094] Rule: The message must end with 0xD7.

[0095] Error: The message does not end with 0xD7, and is judged as an "incomplete frame".

[0096] Application examples in the provided message:

[0097] Normal message: EB 00 0C EB 00 01 00 06 10 42 01 00 43 16 00 00 B3 D7 Passes all checks perfectly.

[0098] Error message - garbled / incomplete (simulated):

[0099] Suppose we receive: EB 00 0C EB 00 01 00 06 10 42 01 00 (Interrupted here)

[0100] Algorithm analysis: The state machine timed out while waiting for the remaining bytes. The final calculation showed that 16 bytes were expected, but only 12 bytes were actually received. This was determined to be a "message incomplete / length error".

[0101] Exception message - Illegal data (simulated):

[0102] Suppose we receive: EB 00 0C EB 00 01 00 06 FF 42 01 00 43 16 00 00 B3 D7 (The 6th byte changes to FF)

[0103] The algorithm determined that the "fixed structure verification" step failed because 0xFF was not the expected 0x10. The result was "message structure disorder".

[0104] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in power distribution terminals, characterized in that, The power distribution terminal includes a main control unit, a battery, a 4G module, and a smart restart device. The power distribution terminal communication anomaly and self-healing methods include the following steps: The battery power supplies power to the main control unit after passing through the switch in the intelligent restart device; The main control unit connects to the 4G module via a serial port; The main control unit communicates with the main station wirelessly via a 4G module; The serial communication cable of the main control unit is also connected to the intelligent restart device; When the intelligent restart device fails to receive normal data from the main control unit, it determines that the main control unit is in communication abnormal. If so, it briefly disconnects the switch between the battery and the main control unit to restart the power distribution terminal, thereby achieving the purpose of resetting the power distribution terminal and restoring communication.

2. The method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent restart device monitors the communication between the main control unit of the power distribution terminal and the 4G module, and monitors the serial heartbeat messages sent by the main control unit to the 4G module. The sending interface line of the main control unit is connected to the serial receiving terminal of the intelligent restart device.

3. The method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent restart device achieves hard restart by controlling the power supply to the power distribution terminal through relay switches. The intelligent restart device has a total of 3 relay switches available for use. One of them has a 1A contact capacity and provides normally open and normally closed contacts, while the other two have a 30A contact capacity and only provide normally closed contacts. When the intelligent restart device is connected to the power distribution terminal, any one of the 30A contacts can be connected in series with the power supply line of the main control unit.

4. The method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent restart device achieves a hard restart by controlling the power supply to the power distribution terminal through a relay switch. Specifically: The intelligent restart device parameter settings include two parameters: alarm interval and power outage duration. The intelligent restart device receives message signals sent by the main control unit; Analyze the message signals and start timing; Determine if the received message has timed out; If the received message times out, the power distribution terminal will alarm and power off to restart. If the received message does not time out, the timer will be reset to zero, and the intelligent restart device will receive the message signal sent by the main control unit again, thus achieving a cycle.

5. The method for handling communication anomalies and self-healing in a power distribution terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of parsing message signals employs a detection algorithm based on communication silence and a detection algorithm based on message integrity and correctness. Specifically, the detection algorithm based on communication silence involves the device periodically sending heartbeat messages during normal operation and responding when queried by the master station. By identifying two modes—waiting for heartbeats and waiting for responses—different timeout thresholds are set to accurately distinguish between normal waiting and abnormal silence. The detection algorithm based on message integrity and correctness involves defining a strict frame structure state machine to verify each part of the message, ensuring that it conforms to the established communication protocol.

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