Ratchet wheel transmission module, multifunctional ratchet wheel quick-change wrench and use method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, and provides a ratchet wheel transmission module which comprises a rotary adjusting shaft, two ball elastic pieces are arranged on the rotary adjusting shaft to be matched with a ratchet wheel, a spiral groove is formed in the front end of the rotary adjusting shaft, the rotary adjusting shaft is contained in an inner cavity of a rotary main shaft, and a sliding groove is formed in the front end of the rotary main shaft; a front ratchet wheel and a rear ratchet wheel are arranged on a ratchet wheel shaft on the rotating main shaft side by side in a sleeved mode, a front ratchet wheel shaft sleeve is matched with the front ratchet wheel, a rear ratchet wheel shaft sleeve is matched with the rear ratchet wheel, a gear is arranged on the outer surface of the middle shaft sleeve, and the rear ratchet wheel shaft sleeve and the rotating main shaft rotate integrally after being connected. A holding outer sleeve is arranged outside the shaft in a sleeving mode and connected with the middle shaft sleeve. The multifunctional ratchet wheel quick-change wrench comprises the ratchet wheel transmission module and further comprises a quick-change assembly at the front end and a handle at the tail portion, no matter the forward rotation mode or the reverse rotation mode is switched, continuous operation of the rotating main shaft can be achieved, and halfway pause adjustment is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical device technology, specifically to a ratchet drive module, a multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In clinical surgery, especially orthopedic surgery, doctors need to use handles to tighten bolts, screws or nuts. Most of the handles currently used are fixed, and their structure includes a handle body and a quick connector connected to the handle body. These handles do not have a reversing function, which brings many inconveniences to the doctor's surgical operation.

[0003] Traditional ratchet wrenches require repeated "tightening-turning-tightening," which is cumbersome and wastes critical surgical time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a simple ratchet transmission module, a multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, and a method of use, which can solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, break through the traditional limitations, and achieve "continuous and uninterrupted operation" of the rotating spindle regardless of switching between forward and reverse modes, without the need for intermediate stops and adjustments, effectively reducing the operation time of surgery and reducing the operational burden of medical staff.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a ratchet transmission module, comprising a rotary adjustment shaft, wherein the rotary adjustment shaft comprises, along its axial direction, an integrally formed first grooved section, a first elastic element mounting section, and a first connecting section, wherein a helical groove is located in the first grooved section, and two mounting holes are provided on the first elastic element mounting section of the rotary adjustment shaft to place ball elastic elements for engaging with the bottom arc of the lower surface of the ratchet; the rotary adjustment shaft is accommodated in the internal cavity of a rotary spindle, the internal cavity of the rotary spindle is through, and the front and rear rotary spindles comprise, along their axial directions, an integrally formed second grooved section, a second elastic element mounting section, and a second connecting section, wherein the inner diameters of the second grooved section, the second elastic element mounting section, and the second connecting section are respectively matched with the outer diameters of the first grooved section, the first elastic element mounting section, and the first connecting section of the rotary adjustment shaft; A sliding groove is formed on the circumferential wall of the second grooved section; an upper and lower adjusting block is provided in the sliding groove, and a spiral groove extends into the lower part of the upper and lower adjusting block. A ratchet groove is provided at the mating point of the rotating main shaft and the two ball elastic elements. A front ratchet and a rear ratchet are fitted side by side on the ratchet shaft. The bushing includes a front ratchet bushing, an intermediate bushing, and a rear ratchet bushing. The front ratchet bushing is fitted on the outside of the rotating main shaft where the front ratchet is located, the rear ratchet bushing is fitted on the outside of the rotating main shaft where the rear ratchet is located, and the intermediate bushing is located between the front ratchet bushing and the rear ratchet. Between the bushings, the outer surface of the intermediate bushing is provided with a gear. The rear ratchet bushing includes a front rear ratchet bushing engagement section and a rear rear ratchet bushing sleeve. The rear ratchet bushing and the rotating spindle are connected and rotate as a whole. The front ratchet bushing, intermediate bushing and rear ratchet bushing are covered with a holding sleeve. The holding sleeve is connected to the intermediate bushing. The front end of the rotating spindle is covered with an adjusting sleeve. The adjusting sleeve is connected to the upper and lower adjusting blocks. The adjusting sleeve can move up and down along the rotating spindle, driving the upper and lower adjusting blocks to move along the spiral groove.

[0006] Through the coordinated movement of the upper and lower adjusting blocks, the rotary adjusting shaft, the rotary main shaft, the front ratchet bushing, the intermediate bushing, and the rear ratchet bushing, the forward and backward positions of the upper and lower adjusting blocks are changed. This movement is transmitted to the spiral groove of the rotary adjusting shaft, thereby changing the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation direction of the rotary adjusting shaft. This causes the ball bearing elastic element to abut against the bottom arc of the ratchet. The ball bearing elastic element drives the ratchet, changing its position. The ball bearing elastic element moves within the arc in the middle of the bottom arc of the ratchet, relying on the two sides of the arc to push up and change the relationship between the left or right teeth of the ratchet and the front ratchet. The internal gears of the front and rear ratchet bushings mesh; the gripping outer sleeve and the intermediate bushing rotate as a whole after being connected. The gear design changes the rotation direction of the front and rear ratchet bushings by rotating the gripping outer sleeve. This changes the ratchet module in existing ratchet wrenches, which requires repeated "locking-returning-locking". The ratchet wrench uses a ratchet transmission module of this invention, which can achieve "continuous and uninterrupted operation" of the rotating main shaft regardless of whether the forward or reverse rotation mode is switched, without the need for intermediate stops and adjustments, effectively reducing the operation time of surgery and reducing the operational burden of medical staff.

[0007] The rotating adjustment shaft and the rotating main shaft are coaxially arranged; the hub centers of the ratchet are correspondingly provided with hub holes; the left and right teeth of the ratchet are symmetrically designed along the plane containing the ratchet axis; the bottom arc of the ratchet includes a first arc, a second arc, and a third arc; when the rotating adjustment shaft drives the first ball to rotate against the bottom arc of the ratchet, the left or right teeth of the ratchet are lifted up and mesh with the inner teeth of the bushing (i.e., the inner teeth of the front or rear ratchet bushing); the front ratchet bushing is provided with a front ratchet that meshes with a gear. The bushing has external teeth and internal teeth that mesh with the front ratchet. Two gears are symmetrically arranged on the intermediate bushing. The rear ratchet bushing meshing section is used to mesh with the gear and the rear ratchet. The rear ratchet bushing meshing section includes external teeth that mesh with the gear and internal teeth that mesh with the rear ratchet. The inner wall of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve fits with the rotating spindle. The holding sleeve and the intermediate bushing are connected by a holding sleeve screw. The adjusting sleeve has an adjusting block connecting hole. The heads of the upper and lower adjusting blocks are inserted into the adjusting block connecting hole and the slide groove into the spiral groove.

[0008] The ball bearing elastic element includes a first ball and a first elastic element. A limiting structure is provided at the opening of the mounting hole to prevent the first ball from completely disengaging from the mounting hole. An arc-shaped contact portion is provided at the center of the front end of the rotary adjustment shaft to reduce frictional resistance during rotation. Ratchet shaft holes are provided on the front and rear walls of the ratchet groove. A ratchet shaft radially passes through two ratchets and multiple ratchet shaft holes, connecting the two ratchets to the main rotating shaft via a ratchet shaft. The external teeth of the front ratchet bushing are on the outer circumference of the front ratchet bushing near the middle bushing, and the internal teeth of the front ratchet bushing are on the left side of the front ratchet. The gears mesh with the right side teeth of the front ratchet. A cylindrical mounting boss is provided on the outer circumference of the intermediate bushing. The mounting boss has a hollow structure and a first internal thread hole on its inner wall. The intermediate bushing and the retaining sleeve are connected by a retaining sleeve screw. The two gears are sleeved on the smooth outer cylindrical surface of the mounting boss through their inner holes. The outer circumference of the meshing section of the rear ratchet bushing is formed with the outer teeth of the rear ratchet bushing that mate with the gears. The inner teeth of the rear ratchet bushing mesh with the left side teeth or the right side teeth of the rear ratchet. The inner cavity of the rear ratchet bushing includes a first mounting section. The second connecting section at the tail of the rotating spindle is inserted into the first mounting section.

[0009] The first ball is partially accommodated within the mounting hole and partially protrudes from the surface of the first elastic mounting section; a spacer is formed between the two first elastic mounting sections; the groove extends axially along the second grooved section; a shoulder is formed between the two ratchet grooves; the front end face of the front ratchet bushing has second balls circumferentially distributed; the axis of the gear and the axis of the intermediate bushing are perpendicular to each other; the diameters of the first grooved section, the first elastic mounting section, and the first connecting section decrease sequentially; the rear end of the rear ratchet bushing forms a stepped shaft structure with an inner wall, namely, the rear ratchet bushing sleeve, which sequentially includes: The first section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve and the second section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve; the first section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve is used as a transition between the meshing section of the rear ratchet bushing and the second section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve, and cooperates with the internal components, such as the rotating spindle, the inner wall and the corresponding parts of the rotating spindle; The first installation section has a larger inner diameter; The second mounting section has a smaller inner diameter compared to the first mounting section; And a locating shoulder located between the first mounting section and the second mounting section for axial positioning; The rear ratchet bushing and the rotating spindle are connected by a connecting screw at the tail.

[0010] The outer diameter of the second elastic element mounting section is larger than the outer diameter of the second grooved section and the second connecting section; the inner wall of the rear end of the second connecting section is provided with an end face thread, and the end face thread is connected to the rear ratchet bushing by a connecting screw, leaving a gap. After the connection is completed, the rotating spindle can be rotated without axial movement; the end face of the front ratchet bushing abuts against one side of the rotating spindle stop. The intermediate bushing is also provided with at least one second internal threaded hole in the circumferential direction, and the intermediate bushing and the outer sleeve are connected by a retaining sleeve screw; the head of the upper and lower adjusting block is a ball head, which extends into and is embedded in the spiral groove of the rotating adjusting shaft.

[0011] A multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench includes a ratchet drive module as described above, a handle at the rear, and a quick-change assembly at the front. The handle is connected to a rear ratchet bushing, and the two rotate as a single unit. A connection point is provided at the front opening of the rotating spindle. The quick-change assembly is connected to the ratchet drive module through the connection point. The front end of the quick-change assembly is engaged with the component to be connected. The quick-change assembly includes a quick-change connector, a second elastic element, a quick-change adjusting sleeve, and a locking cap. The quick-change connector includes a quick-change connecting head and a quick-change connecting rod. The front opening of the quick-change connecting rod has a connecting cavity, the structure of which is adapted to the component to be connected. The side wall of the quick-change connecting rod has a second hole, and a third ball bearing is provided inside the second hole. A second inner boss is provided near the front end of the quick-change adjusting sleeve, and a limiting boss is provided near the rear end. The limiting boss abuts against the third ball bearing, and the second inner boss limits the axial position of the locking cap.

[0012] The multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench is further optimized by incorporating a handle core within the handle for support and increased strength. The handle core has various frame designs and is made of rigid material to meet structural support requirements. The quick-change connector and the connection point are connected by a fixing pin. The rotating spindle has a first fixing pin hole, and the quick-change connector has a second fixing pin hole. The quick-change connecting rod includes a thin quick-change connecting rod and a thick quick-change connecting rod at the front end. The outer diameter of the thin quick-change connecting rod is smaller than that of the thick quick-change connecting rod. The quick-change adjusting sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the quick-change connecting rod, forming a first receiving cavity between them. A second elastic element is located within the first receiving cavity. A positioning block is provided between the quick-change connector and the quick-change connecting rod, with the tail end face of the positioning block abutting against the front end face of the connection point on the rotating spindle.

[0013] The multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench is further optimized by having through holes in the middle of both the handle and the handle core. The through holes in the handle include a rear ratchet bushing connection hole at the front end and a connecting screw channel at the rear end. This serves two purposes: first, it allows the rear ratchet bushing to be inserted from the front end for engagement; second, it allows the connecting screw to enter from the handle, thus connecting the rear ratchet bushing and the rotating spindle via the connecting screw. After connection, the rotating spindle can rotate. The connecting cavity has a first inner boss. The second hole is a radial through hole that connects to the connecting cavity and is used to house a third ball bearing. The end of the second hole near the connecting cavity has an anti-disengagement structure.

[0014] A method for using a multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, using the aforementioned multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, Step 1: Assemble the handle, ratchet drive module, and quick-change assembly. Step 2: Insert the component to be connected into the front end of the quick-change assembly. The part of the component to be connected is provided with a connecting block at the tail end. The side wall of the connecting block is provided with a locking platform. The front end of the connecting block is provided with a locking groove. The third ball is pressed inward by the quick-change adjusting sleeve. Part of the third ball extends into the locking groove. The first inner protrusion in the connecting cavity abuts against the locking platform of the component to be connected, limiting the insertion depth of the component to be connected. Step 3: Based on the required movements of the components to be connected, control and adjust the position of the outer casing and rotate it to achieve different functions: Function 1: Forward Rotation Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve and the up and down adjusting blocks are at the front end and the sleeve is held in a free state, the left tooth of the ratchet is locked. When the handle is turned forward, the main shaft rotates forward synchronously, and the part to be connected rotates forward synchronously. When the handle is turned reverse, the main shaft remains fixed and the part to be connected will remain stationary. Function 2: Reverse Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve and the up and down adjusting blocks are at the rear end and the sleeve is held in a free state, the right tooth of the ratchet is locked; the reverse handle can drive the rotating spindle to rotate in reverse synchronously, and the part to be connected will rotate in reverse synchronously; when the handle is turned forward, the rotating spindle remains fixed, and the part to be connected will remain stationary. Function 3: Forward Rotation Mode 2. When the adjusting sleeve and the up and down adjusting blocks are at the front end and the sleeve is held in a hand position (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot be rotated, the left tooth of the ratchet is locked. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle, the parts to be connected will rotate clockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. Function 4: Reverse Mode 2. When the adjusting cover and the up and down adjusting block are at the rear end and the cover is held in a hand position (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot be rotated, the right tooth of the ratchet is locked. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle, the part to be connected will rotate counterclockwise.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the ratchet transmission module, multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, and method of use of this invention are specifically designed for the core scenario of "screw insertion and tapping" in spinal surgery. It breaks through the limitations of the past and can achieve "continuous and uninterrupted operation" of the rotating spindle regardless of switching between forward and reverse modes, without the need for midway stop and adjustment. This effectively reduces the operation time of surgery, reduces the operational burden of medical staff, accurately adapts to the needs of surgical operation, and greatly improves the efficiency and stability of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the rotary adjustment shaft of the ratchet transmission module of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotary adjustment shaft AA of the ratchet transmission module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the rotating main shaft and ratchet part of the ratchet transmission module of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the ratchet drive module of the present invention, in which some components are omitted in order to clearly show the structure of the rotating main shaft and the front ratchet bushing, the intermediate bushing and the rear ratchet bushing; Figure 5 This is the ratchet drive module of the present invention. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section; Figure 6 This invention relates to a ratchet drive module. Figure 4 An up-and-down adjustment block has been added, and an exploded view of the front ratchet bushing, the middle bushing, and the rear ratchet bushing is provided. Figure 7 This is the ratchet drive module of the present invention. Figure 4Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle CC section; Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench of the present invention (excluding the quick-change component); Figure 9 This invention is a multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench. Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle DD; Figure 10 This is a partial exploded view of the multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a bottom-view, three-dimensional, partially exploded structural diagram of the multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the quick-change component of the multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench and tap connection of the present invention.

[0017] In the picture: 11. Rotary adjustment shaft; 12. First grooved section; 13. Spiral groove; 14. First elastic element mounting section; 15. Ball elastic element; 16. First ball; 17. Mounting hole; 18. Limiting structure; 19. Spacing part; 110. First connecting section; 111. Arc-shaped contact part; 21. Rotating spindle; 22. Second grooved section; 23. First fixing pin hole; 24. Slide groove; 25. Rotating spindle stop; 26. Second elastic element mounting section; 27. Front ratchet groove; 28. Front ratchet shaft hole; 29. ​​Middle ratchet shaft hole; 210. Rear ratchet shaft hole; 211. Shoulder; 212. Weight reduction groove; 213. Rear ratchet groove; 214. Ratchet shaft; 215. Second connecting section; 216. End face thread; 217. Connection point; 218. Upper and lower adjusting block; Ratchet; 31. Right side tooth of the ratchet; 32. Left side tooth of the ratchet; 33. Hub hole; 34. Bottom arc of the ratchet; 35. First arc of the ratchet; 36. Second arc of the ratchet; 37. Third arc of the ratchet; 38. Front ratchet; 39. Rear ratchet; 41. Front ratchet bushing; 42. Front ratchet bushing external tooth; 43. Front ratchet bushing internal tooth; 44. Second ball; 45. Intermediate bushing; 46. Gear; 47. Mounting boss; 48. First internal threaded hole; 49. Second internal threaded hole; 40. Rear ratchet bushing; 410. Rear ratchet bushing meshing section; 411. Rear ratchet bushing external tooth; 412. Rear ratchet bushing internal tooth; 413. Rear ratchet bushing sleeve; 414. Rear ratchet bushing sleeve first section; 415. Rear ratchet bushing sleeve second section; 416. First mounting section; 417. Positioning shoulder; 418. Second mounting section; 419. Connecting screw; Handle; 51. Handle inner core; 52. Rear ratchet bushing connecting hole; 53. Connecting screw channel; Hold the outer casing; 61. Hold the outer casing screw; 62. Hold the outer casing screw hole; Adjustable outer sleeve; 71. First protruding edge; 72. Adjusting block connecting hole; 73. Second protruding edge; 74. Third connecting section; Quick-change connector; 81. Quick-change connector head; 82. Quick-change connecting rod; 83. Connecting cavity; 84. Limiting boss; 85. Fixing pin; 86. Second fixing pin hole; 87. Positioning block; 88. Quick-change connecting thick rod; 89. Second hole; 810. Third ball; 811. Quick-change connecting thin rod; 812. Quick-change connecting external thread; 813. Second elastic element; Quick-change adjustable outer cover; 91. First inner boss; 92. First receiving cavity; 93. Second inner boss; Locking end cap; 20. Connecting block; 201. Card platform; 202. Card slot. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Specific implementation examples: such as Figure 1-13 The ratchet drive module and the multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench using the ratchet drive module of this invention are designed specifically for the core scenario of "screw insertion and tapping" in spinal surgery, accurately adapting to the needs of surgical operation and greatly improving operation efficiency and stability.

[0019] Specific embodiment 1: A ratchet drive module includes a component one located at the center of a shaft. Component one includes a rotation adjustment shaft 1, such as... Figures 1 to 2As shown, the rotary adjustment shaft 1 includes, along its axial direction, an integrally formed first grooved section 11, a first elastic element mounting section 13, and a first connecting section 110. The spiral groove 12 is located in the first grooved section 11. Two mounting holes 17 are respectively opened on the first elastic element mounting section 13 of the rotary adjustment shaft 1 to place ball elastic elements 14. The ball elastic elements 14 include a first ball 15 and a first elastic element 16. The first ball 15 is partially accommodated in the mounting hole 17 and partially protrudes from the surface of the first elastic mounting section for cooperating with the ratchet bottom arc 34 on the lower surface of the ratchet 3. The bottom arc of the ratchet includes a first arc 35, a second arc 36, and a third arc 37. The second arc 36 cooperates with the ball elastic element. The arcs at both ends of the first arc 35 and the third arc 37 are designed to avoid the central cylinder, that is, to avoid the central rotating adjustment shaft 1. The first elastic element 16 is located inside the mounting hole 17 and applies an outward force to the first ball 15. The first elastic element 16 pushes the first ball 15 outward from the center of the rotating adjustment shaft 1. The limiting structure 18 is formed at the opening or inside of the mounting hole 17. The minimum diameter of the limiting structure 18 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the first ball 15, thereby allowing the first ball 15 to move inward under external pressure to compress the first elastic element 16 and preventing the first ball 15 from completely disengaging from the mounting hole 17 under the action of the first elastic element 16. In this specific embodiment, the first ball 15 is a steel ball, and the second ball 43 and the third ball 810 are also steel balls. Of course, those skilled in the art will know that balls may also include other balls depending on the material, including but not limited to chromium steel balls, stainless steel balls, ceramic (silicon nitride) balls, ceramic balls, etc.

[0020] The diameters of the first grooved section 11, the first elastic element mounting section 13, and the first connecting section 110 are reduced to facilitate positioning with the corresponding position of the rotating spindle 2 and to facilitate the insertion of the rotating adjustment shaft 1 into the rotating spindle 2. The diameter of the first elastic element mounting section 13 is smaller than that of the first grooved section 11 to avoid interference when the ratchet 3 rotates. To avoid interference from the ratchet 3, the diameter of the first elastic element mounting section 13 is reduced, resulting in a protruding structure between the two elastic element mounting sections of the rotating adjustment shaft 1. This spacer portion 19 is located between the two elastic element mounting sections. The diameter of the spacer portion 19 is the same as that of the first grooved section 11. The reduced diameter of the first connecting section 110 is necessary for assembly into the rotating adjustment shaft 1. The front end of the rotary adjustment shaft 1 is provided with a forward-protruding arc-shaped contact part 111. The arc-shaped contact part 111 is a rotary surface, and the generatrix of the rotary surface is an arc. The arc is a semi-circular arc, a semi-elliptical arc, or a combination of the arcs. The rotation center of the generatrix coincides with the axis of the rotary adjustment shaft 1, which reduces the frictional resistance of the upper and lower adjustment blocks 217 pushing the rotary adjustment shaft 1 and the end face of the rotary adjustment shaft 1 abutting against the quick-change connector 8 in the rotating state. Compared with the planar design, it can greatly improve the smoothness and convenience of pushing the upper and lower adjustment blocks 217.

[0021] Install component one into the rotating spindle 2. The effect after installing component one is as follows. Figure 3 The exploded view shows the ratchet 3 and ratchet shaft 213 exploded apart. The rotating spindle 2 includes, along its axial direction, an integrally formed second grooved section 21, a second elastic element mounting section 25, and a second connecting section 214. The inner diameters of the second grooved section 21, the second elastic element mounting section 25, and the second connecting section 214 are respectively matched with the outer diameters of the first grooved section 11, the first elastic element mounting section 13, and the first connecting section 110 of the rotating adjusting shaft 1 in component one. The outer diameter of the second elastic element mounting section 25 is larger than the outer diameter of the second grooved section 21, which is larger than the outer diameter of the second connecting section 214.

[0022] On the circumferential wall where the second grooved section 21 of the rotating spindle 2 is located, a groove 23 extending along its axial direction is formed, which restricts the movement trajectory of the upper and lower adjusting blocks 217, such as... Figure 6 As shown in the attached figure, the position of the up-down adjustment block 217 is displayed. Figure 6The image shows the upper and lower adjustment block 217 being inserted into the slide groove 23 when it is located at the rear end, with its lower end sliding within the spiral groove 12. The second grooved section 21 and the first grooved section 11 of the rotating adjustment shaft 1 are engaged. The second grooved section 21 has a first fixing pin hole 22 on its axial surface, and its front end opening is a connection point 216. The connection point 216 is connected by adapting its shape to the corresponding position of the quick-change assembly. In this specific embodiment, the connection point 216 is a square groove structure, and the square groove connection is only one method. The quick-change assembly is connected through the square groove structure, and after connection, it is fixed with a fixing pin 85, which is a column pin.

[0023] The second elastic element mounting section 25 mates with the first elastic element mounting section 13 of the rotary adjusting shaft 1. At the point where the rotating main shaft mates with the two ball elastic elements 14, each is provided with a ratchet groove, referred to as the front ratchet groove 26 and the rear ratchet groove 212, respectively. On a cylindrical surface, any straight line parallel to the axis (theoretically, there can be countless lines) is also called a generatrix. The front ratchet groove 26 and the rear ratchet groove 212 are located on the same generatrix of the second elastic element mounting section 25. Between the two ratchet grooves is a shoulder 210, which mates with the intermediate bushing 44. The front and rear walls of the ratchet grooves are provided with ratchet shaft holes, and also include a ratchet shaft 213. Two ratchet wheels 3 are mounted side-by-side on the ratchet shaft 213. Each ratchet wheel 3 has a corresponding hub hole 33 at its center. For ease of description, the ratchet wheels 3 include ratchet teeth 32 and ratchet teeth 31 on the left and right sides. The left and right ratchet teeth 32 and 31 are symmetrically designed along the plane containing the ratchet shaft 213. The distinction between left and right is made when viewed from the quick-change assembly towards the handle 5 at the rear. The clockwise and counter-clockwise rotation mentioned later also refer to this perspective. For ease of description, the ratchet wheel 3 located at the front of the multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench... The ratchet 3 is defined as the front ratchet 38, and the rear ratchet 3 is defined as the rear ratchet 39. A ratchet shaft 213 radially passes through the two ratchet 3 and multiple ratchet shaft holes, connecting the two ratchet 3 to the rotating main shaft 2 via the ratchet shaft 213. Specifically, the ratchet holes from front to back are the front ratchet hole, the middle ratchet hole, and the rear ratchet hole, which are through holes. The front ratchet shaft hole 27 is a blind hole with one end open and the bottom closed. The ratchet shaft 213 passes through the rear ratchet shaft hole 29 and the middle ratchet shaft hole 28 in sequence, and its end is inserted into the front ratchet shaft hole 27 to stop the insertion stroke of the ratchet shaft 213. The second elastic element mounting section 25 is also provided with a weight reduction groove 211.

[0024] The second connecting section 214 and the first connecting section 110 of the rotary adjustment shaft 1 are engaged. The second connecting section 214 is a through structure. The first connecting section 110 is fully inserted into the second connecting section 214, and the insertion depth is equal to the length of the first connecting section 110. The depth of the second connecting section 214 is greater than the length of the first connecting section 110. The inner wall of the rear end of the second connecting section 214 is provided with an end face thread 215. The end face thread 215 is connected to the rear ratchet bushing 49 by a connecting screw 419. A gap of, for example, 0.05-0.2mm needs to be maintained. After the connection is completed, the main shaft 2 can be rotated.

[0025] The above is called component two. For example... Figures 4-6 As shown, the front ratchet bushing 4, the intermediate bushing 44, and the rear ratchet bushing 49 are sequentially fitted into assembly two, and finally the gear 45 is installed. After assembly, the connecting screw 419 at the tail end ensures that the newly installed components do not move axially. Detailed fitting is as follows: The front ratchet bushing 4 is fitted onto the outside of the rotating main shaft 2 where the front ratchet 38 is located through its inner hole, the intermediate bushing 44 is fitted onto the outside of the rotating main shaft 2 where the shoulder 210 is located, and the rear ratchet bushing 49 is fitted onto the outside of the rotating main shaft 2 where the rear ratchet 39 is located through its inner hole.

[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, the front ratchet bushing 4 includes an external tooth 41 and an internal tooth 42. The internal tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing engages with the front ratchet 38, and the internal tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing meshes with the left tooth or the right tooth of the front ratchet.

[0027] The front end face of the front ratchet bushing 4, that is, the front end face close to the rotating spindle stop 24, has second balls 43 distributed circumferentially. When the front ratchet bushing 4 rotates, the sliding friction between the front ratchet bushing 4 and the rotating spindle stop 24 is changed to rolling friction brought by the second balls 43. The resistance is greatly reduced, wear is reduced, the service life of the front ratchet bushing 4 and the rotating spindle stop 24 is extended, the rotation is smoother, and it is suitable for high speed or frequent rotation. Moreover, it can withstand a certain axial load. For example, when the front ratchet bushing 4 is subjected to axial force, it is transmitted to the rotating spindle stop 24 through the second balls 43, but without increasing the rotational resistance.

[0028] After assembly, the end face of the front ratchet bushing 4 abuts against one side of the rotating spindle stop 24. With this structure, the rotating spindle stop 24 effectively prevents the front ratchet bushing 4 from continuing to move axially in this direction (e.g., towards the front end), thereby achieving precise positioning of the ratchet bushings (including the front ratchet bushing 4, the intermediate bushing 44, and the rear ratchet bushing 49) on the rotating spindle 2.

[0029] Two gears 45 are provided on the outer circumference of the intermediate bushing 44. The axes of the gears 45 are perpendicular to the bushing of the intermediate bushing 44. After assembly, the gears 45 mesh with the outer teeth 41 of the front ratchet bushing and the outer teeth 411 of the rear ratchet bushing. A single gear 45 is also possible, but in this specific embodiment, a double gear 45 design is used. When a single gear 45 rotates, it is easy to generate opposing forces and wobble, which hinders the smooth rotation of the gear 45. A cylindrical mounting boss 46 is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the intermediate bushing 44. The mounting boss 46 is hollow, and its inner wall is machined with a first internal thread to form a first internal thread hole 47 for connection with the retaining sleeve screw 61. The intermediate bushing 44 also has at least one second internal thread hole 48 in the circumferential direction, which is also connected to the retaining sleeve 61 via a retaining sleeve screw. Figure 6 As shown.

[0030] Two gears 45 are fitted onto the smooth outer cylindrical surface of the mounting boss 46 through their inner holes, allowing for two modes of movement with the intermediate bushing 44: first, when the intermediate bushing 44 is stationary, the gears 45 can rotate freely around the axial direction of the mounting boss 46; second, when the intermediate bushing 44 rotates, the gears 45 rotate together with it, in which case the gears 45 themselves do not rotate around their own axis. Through this structure, the mounting boss 46 not only provides precise radial support and positioning for the gears 45, but also provides a connection interface with other components through its internal first threaded hole. The intermediate bushing 44 also has a second internal threaded hole 48 on its circumferential wall, which is connected to the retaining sleeve 6 via a retaining sleeve screw 61. The retaining sleeve 6 has a corresponding retaining sleeve screw hole 62.

[0031] The rear ratchet bushing 49 is a one-piece molded component that integrates ratchet drive and bushing installation functions. The rear ratchet bushing 49 has a compact structure, reduces assembly parts, and provides precise positioning. The rear ratchet bushing 49 is connected to the handle 5, which serves as the source of manual power, causing the rear ratchet bushing 49 to rotate in the same direction as the handle 5.

[0032] The rear ratchet bushing 49 includes a front rear ratchet bushing engagement section 410 and a rear rear ratchet bushing sleeve 413. The outer circumference of the rear ratchet bushing engagement section 410 is formed with external rear ratchet bushing teeth 411 that mate with the gear 45. Internal rear ratchet bushing teeth 412 mate with the rear ratchet 39, i.e., the internal rear ratchet bushing teeth 412 mesh with either the left or right side teeth of the rear ratchet. The rear end of the rear ratchet bushing 49 forms a stepped shaft structure with an inner wall, namely the rear ratchet bushing sleeve 413, which sequentially includes: The rear ratchet bushing sleeve has a first section 414 and a second section 415. The first section 414 serves as a transition between the rear ratchet bushing meshing section 410 and the second section 415, and is compatible with internal components such as the rotating spindle 2. The inner wall and the corresponding part of the rotating spindle 2 are adapted to each other. The first installation section 416 has a relatively large inner diameter; The second mounting section 418 has a smaller inner diameter (relative to the first mounting section 416). And a locating shoulder 417 located between the first mounting section 416 and the second mounting section 418 for axial positioning.

[0033] like Figure 3-6 As shown, the second connecting section 214 on the rotating spindle 2 extends into the first mounting section 416, so that the end of the second connecting section 214 abuts against one side of the positioning shoulder 417. Subsequently, a connecting screw 419 is screwed in from the tail opening of the second mounting section 418. The connecting screw 419 passes through the inner hole of the second mounting section 418, the positioning shoulder 417, and is screwed into the end face thread 215 of the second connecting section 214. When the connecting screw 419 is tightened further, its head eventually has a certain gap from the positioning shoulder 417. The end of the rotating spindle 2, i.e., the second connecting section 214, is in close contact with the front side of the positioning shoulder 417. Using the internal positioning shoulder 417 as a stop surface, the connecting screw 419 achieves a reliable axial connection between the rear ratchet bushing 49 and the rotating spindle 2. The gap design ensures that the rotating spindle 2 can rotate after the connection is completed.

[0034] At this point, the ratchet structure is fully assembled. Ratchet 3 (including the front ratchet 38 and the rear ratchet 39) has two states. State 1: The right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet is locked. State 2: The left-side tooth 32 of the ratchet is locked.

[0035] State 1: Ratchet right-side tooth 31 is engaged. The right side of ratchet 3 is lifted, at which point ratchet right-side tooth 31 engages with the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / 412 of the rear ratchet bushing; the first ball 15 moves within the second arc (the middle arc) of the bottom arc 34 of the ratchet, relying on the two sides of the arc to lift it. With ratchet right-side tooth 31 engaged with the inner teeth of the front ratchet bushing / 412 of the rear ratchet bushing, the unidirectional transmission function of the ratchet is achieved, such as... Figure 7 As shown. In this state, when the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise, because the rear ratchet bushing 49 is engaged by teeth, and the ratchet is connected to the rotating main shaft 2 through the ratchet shaft, and the rotating adjustment shaft 1 is in the rotating main shaft 2, it will ultimately cause the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjustment shaft 1 to rotate together. Similarly, when the front ratchet bushing 4 rotates counterclockwise, as mentioned above, it will also ultimately cause the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjustment shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0036] In this state, where the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet is stuck, when the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates clockwise, the ratchet 3 and the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing will slip, and the front ratchet bushing 4 / rear ratchet bushing 49 will experience free-spinning and slipping. Similarly, when the front ratchet bushing 4 rotates clockwise, the front ratchet 38 and the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing will slip, and the front ratchet bushing 4 will experience free-spinning and slipping.

[0037] The clockwise and counterclockwise rotations described in this article are analyzed from the perspective of the quick-change assembly of the multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, looking towards the handle 5 at the rear, specifically the front ratchet 38 and the rear ratchet 39.

[0038] State 2: Ratchet left tooth 32 is stuck. The left side of ratchet 3 is lifted, at which point ratchet left tooth 32 and the inner teeth 42 / 412 of the front ratchet bushing are stuck; the first ball 15 moves within the arc in the middle of the bottom arc 34 of the ratchet, i.e., the second arc, and is lifted by the two sides of the arc. In this state, when ratchet left tooth 32 and the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing are stuck, the front ratchet bushing 4 rotates counterclockwise without moving. When ratchet left tooth 32 and the inner teeth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing are stuck, the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise without moving.

[0039] In this state, when the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged, and when the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged with the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing, the clockwise rotation of the front ratchet bushing 4 is similar to the principle in state one. Since the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 are structurally interconnected (details omitted), they will drive the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together. When the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged with the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing, the clockwise rotation of the rear ratchet bushing 49, again due to the interconnected structure of the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 (details omitted), will drive the ratchet, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0040] Figure 6 As shown, an up-down adjustment block 217 is inserted into the slide groove 23 of the rotating main shaft 2. The head of the up-down adjustment block 217 is shaped like a ball, which extends into and is embedded in the spiral groove 12 of the rotating adjustment shaft 1.

[0041] When the up-and-down adjusting block 217 slides up and down along the slide groove 23 under the action of external driving force, the ball head of the up-and-down adjusting block 217 will move along the trajectory of the spiral groove 12. Due to the guiding effect of the spiral groove 12, the linear motion of the up-and-down adjusting block 217 is forcibly converted into the rotational motion of the rotating adjusting shaft 1 relative to the rotating main shaft 2. The rotation of the rotating adjusting shaft 1 drives the ball elastic element 14 on the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate. The first ball 15 moves in the arc in the middle of the bottom arc 34 of the ratchet. It slides along the arc by pushing against the two sides of the arc, so that the ratchet 3 is driven by the first ball 15 to change position, thereby realizing the rotation of the ratchet 3 and realizing the function of locking the left tooth 32 / right tooth of the ratchet.

[0042] When the up-down adjusting block 217 moves upward along the slide groove 23, that is, when the up-down adjusting block 217 moves towards the front end, the front end is away from the handle 5, driving the rotary adjusting shaft 1 to rotate counterclockwise. The first ball 15 rotates to the left along with the rotary adjusting shaft 1, and the left side tooth 32 of the ratchet is lifted up. The left side tooth 32 of the ratchet abuts or locks with the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing.

[0043] Because in state two, when the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is stuck, when the front ratchet bushing 4 / rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet and the inner teeth 42 / 412 of the front ratchet bushing slip; when rotating clockwise, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet and the inner teeth 42 / 412 of the front ratchet bushing are stuck, realizing the unidirectional transmission energy of the ratchet 3. When rotating clockwise, it drives the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjustment shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0044] Similarly, when the upper and lower adjusting block 217 moves downward along the slide groove 23, that is, when the upper and lower adjusting block 217 moves towards the tail, that is, towards the handle 5, the ball head will drive the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate clockwise, ultimately achieving the lifting of the right side tooth 31 of the ratchet, and the right side tooth 31 of the ratchet abutting or locking with the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing, as shown. Figure 7 As shown, there are two scenarios following State 1. In this case, the front ratchet bushing 4 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate freely when rotated clockwise. When rotated counterclockwise, they will drive the ratchet 3, the main rotating shaft 2, and the adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0045] The gripping sleeve 6 is a column with a through center. The side wall of the gripping sleeve 6 has a radial through hole with internal thread. The inner diameter of the gripping sleeve 6 matches the ratchet 3 structure. The gripping sleeve 6 is put into the outside of the ratchet structure and the gripping sleeve 6 and the ratchet structure are connected by the gripping sleeve screw 61. The rotating parts of the front ratchet bushing 4, the middle bushing 44 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 are included.

[0046] The adjusting sleeve 7 includes a first protruding edge 71 at the tail, a second protruding edge 73 at the front, and a third connecting section 74 between the first and second protruding edges 71 and 73. The outer diameter of the third connecting section 74 is smaller than the outer diameters of the first and second protruding edges 71 and 73. The adjusting block connecting hole 72 is located on the side wall of the third connecting section 74. The outer wall of the first protruding edge 71 can move along the inner wall of the holding sleeve. The inner diameter of the adjusting sleeve 7 is the same, and it fits onto the outer wall of the second grooved section 21. The installation effect diagram is shown below. Figure 8-9 As shown. Figure 8 When the upper and lower adjusting block 217 is located at the front end, the adjusting sleeve 7 is provided with an adjusting block connecting hole 72 near the tail end of the adjusting sleeve 7. The adjusting block connecting hole 72 and the upper and lower adjusting block 217 cooperate, and the upper and lower adjusting block 217 passes through the adjusting block connecting hole 72, so that the adjusting sleeve 7 can drive the upper and lower adjusting block 217 to move axially.

[0047] The following rotations or functions can be achieved through this ratchet drive module: Function 1: Forward Rotation Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up-down adjusting block 217 are at the front end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a free state, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged. At this time, the holding sleeve 6 is in a free state, that is, not in a handheld state. After forward rotation, the ratchet bushing 49 will cause the rotating main shaft 2 to rotate forward synchronously; after reverse rotation, when the ratchet bushing 49 is in a ratchet bushing 49, the rotating main shaft 2 remains fixed and remains stationary. Function 2: Reverse Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are at the rear end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a free state, the right tooth 31 of the ratchet is locked. After reversing, the ratchet bushing 49 can drive the rotating main shaft 2 to rotate in the same direction. When rotating in the forward direction, the rotating main shaft 2 remains fixed when the ratchet bushing 49 is in the forward direction and will remain stationary. Function 3: Forward Rotation Mode 2. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are at the front end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a hand-held state (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot rotate, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is stuck. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the tail end of the rear ratchet bushing 49, the rotating main shaft 2 will rotate clockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear 45 structure. Function 4: Reverse Mode 2. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are located at the rear end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a hand-held state (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot be rotated, the right tooth 31 of the ratchet is stuck. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the tail end of the rear ratchet bushing 49, the rotating spindle 2 will rotate counterclockwise.

[0048] Specific Embodiment 2: A multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench includes a handle 5 at the tail, a ratchet drive module in the middle, and a quick-change assembly at the head. The ratchet drive module adopts the structure of Specific Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 1-7 As shown, it will not be described again here.

[0049] Handle 5, located at the tail of the multi-functional ratchet quick-change plate, applies torque during surgery.

[0050] Install handle 5 into component two. Component two is rotated into handle 5. Handle 5 has a handle core 51, which supports the handle 5 and increases its strength. The frame of handle core 51 varies, and handle core 51 is made of rigid material to meet structural support requirements. Depending on the material, it is fixed to adjacent components by welding or bonding. For example, in this embodiment, stainless steel is used, and it is fixed to the rear ratchet bushing 49 by welding to ensure that handle 5 and rear ratchet bushing 49 do not rotate relative to each other. It is not limited to stainless steel; metal or engineering plastic can also be used. Metals include stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or titanium alloy; engineering plastics include polyoxymethylene (POM), glass fiber reinforced nylon (PA+GF), or polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

[0051] Handle 5: Handle 5 is made of medical-grade silicone, injection molded onto the outside of the handle core 51, resulting in a soft material. The handle 5 features a textured, wave-like grip for improved handling. Both handle 5 and the handle core 51 have through holes in the middle. These holes serve two purposes: first, to insert and connect the rear ratchet bushing 49; and second, to allow the connecting screw 419 to enter through the handle 5, thus connecting the rear ratchet bushing 49 and the rotating spindle 2. Once connected, the rotating spindle 2 can rotate. Specifically, in this embodiment, handle 5 includes a rear ratchet bushing connection hole 52 at the front end and a connecting screw channel 53 at the rear end. The front rear ratchet bushing connection hole 52 is for inserting the rear ratchet bushing 49, while the rear connecting screw channel 53 is for installing the connecting screw 419 after the handle 5 and rear ratchet bushing 49 are connected. The connecting screw 419 is inserted from the rear of handle 5. The rear ratchet bushing connecting hole 52 and the connecting screw channel 53 have different inner diameters, which naturally create a limit, restricting the depth to which the rear ratchet bushing 49 can be inserted into the handle 5. Since the handle inner core 51 can take various forms, its function is simply to support the handle 5; therefore, the minimum inner diameter of the through hole in the handle inner core 51 is the same as the inner diameter of the rear ratchet bushing connecting hole 52 of the handle 5.

[0052] See Figure 6The rotating spindle 2 has a first fixing pin hole 22, and the tail of the quick-change assembly is a quick-change connector 81. The rotating spindle 2 and the quick-change connector 81 are connected by a fixing pin 85. Specifically, the quick-change connector 81 has a second fixing pin hole 86. Both the first fixing pin hole 22 and the second fixing pin hole 86 are radially through holes. The fixing pin 85 can be inserted into the aligned pin hole of the first fixing pin hole 22 on the rotating spindle 2 and the second fixing pin hole 86 on the quick-change connector 81. In order to connect the quick-change connector, after assembly, the fixing pin 85 is lower than the outer circle, that is, the outer surface of the second grooved section 21 of the rotating spindle 2, so as not to affect the movement of the adjusting sleeve 7. During assembly, the two holes of the two components (rotating spindle 2 and quick-change connector 81) are aligned coaxially in space, and then a fixing pin 85 is used to pass through the first fixing pin hole 22 on the rotating spindle 2 and the second fixing pin hole 86 on the quick-change connector 81 simultaneously.

[0053] Through the tight fit between the fixing pin 85 and the aforementioned two holes, the rotating spindle 2 and the quick-change assembly are connected as a whole, and there is no longer any relative movement between them.

[0054] like Figure 10-13 As shown, the quick-change assembly includes a quick-change connector 8, a third ball bearing 810, a second elastic element 813 sleeved outside the quick-change connector 8, a quick-change adjusting sleeve 9, and a locking end cap 10.

[0055] The quick-change connector 8 includes a quick-change connecting rod 82 at the front end and a quick-change connecting head 81 at the rear end. The quick-change connecting head 81 is used to connect to the rotating spindle 2. The quick-change connecting rod 82 is a hollow structure with an open front end and a closed rear end. The open front end is used to insert a suitable component to be connected, such as a spinal screwdriver or a micro-invasive tap. The quick-change connecting rod 82 has a connecting cavity 83, and the connecting cavity 83 has a first inner boss 91. The structure of the connecting cavity 83 is adapted to a screwdriver or a navigation tap. For example, the navigation tap and the spinal screwdriver have a connecting block 20 at the rear end. The first inner boss 91 and the connecting block 20 cooperate for axial positioning. The third ball bearing 810 then engages with the slot 202 of the connecting block 20 of the navigation tap, and the locking cap 10 is tightened to realize the connection between the multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench and the navigation tap of the present invention. Figure 13 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the connection between a multifunctional ratchet quick-change wrench and a navigation tap according to the present invention. The connection of the screwdriver bar is similar and is not shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0056] A positioning block 87 is provided between the quick-change connector 81 and the quick-change connecting rod 82. The tail end face of the positioning block 87 abuts against the front end face of the connection 216 of the rotating spindle 2. The outer diameter of the positioning block 87 is equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the adjusting sleeve 7, ensuring that the positioning block 87 does not affect the movement of the adjusting sleeve 7 when it moves back and forth. When the adjusting sleeve 7 is moved to the frontmost position, the positioning block 87 is partially or completely inside the adjusting sleeve 7. The quick-change connecting rod 82 includes a quick-change connecting thin rod 811 and a quick-change connecting thick rod 88 at the front end. The quick-change connecting rod 82 has a stepped cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the quick-change connecting thick rod 88 near the tail end is larger than the outer diameter of the quick-change connecting thin rod 811. The side wall of the quick-change connecting thick rod 88 has a second hole 89, which is a radially through hole that communicates with the connecting cavity 83. This hole is used to house the third ball bearing 810. An anti-detachment structure is provided at the end of the second hole 89 near the connecting cavity 83. This structure prevents the third ball bearing 810 from completely detaching from the second hole 89 and entering the connecting cavity 83. The minimum diameter of the anti-detachment structure is smaller than the diameter of the third ball bearing 810. The anti-detachment structure allows the third ball bearing 810 to be partially squeezed into the connecting cavity 83 under external radial pressure, and to cooperate with the slot 202 of the guide tap inserted into the connecting cavity 83 or the limiting structure of the screwdriver rod to achieve a locking connection. The front of the quick-change connecting thin rod 811 has a quick-change connecting external thread 812, which connects to the internal thread of the locking end cap 10. A second elastic element 813 is fitted over the quick-change connecting rod 82. In this embodiment, the second elastic element 813 is a spring, which resides in the space between the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9 and the quick-change connecting thick rod 88, i.e., within the first receiving cavity 92. The front end of the quick-change connector 8 is tightened with a locking end cap 10. Here, "tightening" is not limited to a snap-fit ​​structure or an interference fit. In this specific embodiment, the quick-change connector 8 and the locking end cap 10 are connected by threads. The inner wall of the tail end of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9 is provided with a limiting boss 84, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the first receiving cavity 92 of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9. A portion of the limiting boss 84 abuts against the third ball 810, causing the third ball 810 to be continuously compressed by the limiting boss 84 of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9. When the third ball 810 is subjected to external radial pressure, it is partially squeezed into the connecting cavity 83. Simultaneously, if a component to be connected is inserted into the connecting cavity 83, the third ball 810 is compressed and moved towards the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9. Then, under the action of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9 restoring its deformation, the third ball 810 locks the component to be connected, such as a guide tap or screwdriver rod. The outer peripheral wall of the locking end cap 10 abuts against the inner wall of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9. The inner wall of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9 is also provided with a second inner boss 93, and the tail of the locking end cap 10 abuts against the front end face of the second inner boss 93.The locking end cap 10 and the quick-change connecting rod 82 are connected by a thread, and the tail end face of the locking end cap 10 abuts against the second inner boss 93 of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9, thereby limiting the position of the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9 and preventing its axial movement. This allows for quick assembly and reliable connection between the locking end cap 10 and the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9. Furthermore, this structure eliminates the need for additional fasteners (such as screws or glue), simplifying the process and reducing costs. Assembly is now complete.

[0057] achievement Function 1: Forward Rotation Mode 1. Taking a tap as an example. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the upper and lower adjusting blocks 217 are at the front end and the sleeve 6 is in a free state, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged. At this time, the sleeve 6 is in a free state, i.e., not held by hand. When the handle 5 is rotated forward, the spindle 2 rotates forward synchronously; when the handle 5 is rotated in reverse, the spindle 2 remains fixed, and the tap head remains stationary, which can achieve rapid tap (right-hand thread) disengagement. The operation logic is clear and controllable. The specific analysis is as follows: When the up-and-down adjusting block 217 moves upward along the slide groove 23, that is, when the up-and-down adjusting block 217 moves towards the front end, which is away from the handle 5, it drives the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate counterclockwise. The first ball 15 rotates to the left along with the rotating adjusting shaft 1, and the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is lifted up. The left tooth 32 of the ratchet abuts or locks with the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner teeth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing. Therefore, in function one, when the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up-and-down adjusting block 217 are at the front end, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet abuts or locks with the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner teeth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing. In the internal state of the ratchet, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is locked. According to the description of state two above: when the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is locked with the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner teeth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing, the front ratchet bushing 4 / the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates freely when rotating counterclockwise. When rotating clockwise, similar to the principle of function one, since the ratchet 3, the main rotating shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 are structurally interconnected (details omitted), they will drive the ratchet 3, the main rotating shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0058] At this time, if a clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the tap head will rotate clockwise simultaneously due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear 45 structure.

[0059] The function of the external gear 45: The handle 5 applies clockwise torque, and the handle 5 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 are connected and rotate as a whole. The rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates clockwise. Because the grip sleeve 6 is in a free state (i.e., not in a handheld state), the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 does not rotate, that is, the gear 45 does not rotate along the axis of the mounting boss 46. In other words, there is no relative rotation between the rear ratchet bushing 49, the intermediate bushing 44, and the front ratchet bushing 4. All three rotate clockwise like the rear ratchet bushing 49. The front ratchet 38 is in the same state as the rear ratchet and does not need to be analyzed separately.

[0060] Movement of internal components: The left tooth 32 of the internal ratchet is engaged. At this time, the front ratchet bushing 4 and / or the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate counterclockwise without moving, and rotate clockwise to drive the ratchet 3 and the rotating spindle 2 to rotate together. The rotating spindle 2 is connected to the quick-change assembly through the four-way connector 216 at the front end with an interference fit. The rotating spindle 2 drives the tap to rotate together through the quick-change assembly.

[0061] Therefore, when the front ratchet bushing 4 and / or the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate clockwise, they drive the ratchet 3 and the main rotating shaft 2 to rotate together. Driven by the internal ratchet structure, the tap rotates clockwise.

[0062] At this point, if a counter-clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the tap head will remain stationary due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. In this state, the tap (with a right-hand thread) can be quickly disengaged.

[0063] External action: The handle 5 applies a counterclockwise torque, and the handle 5 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 are connected and rotate as a whole. The rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise. Because the grip sleeve 6 is in a free state (i.e., not in a handheld state), the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 does not rotate, that is, the gear 45 does not rotate along the axis of the mounting boss 46. In other words, there is no relative rotation between the rear ratchet bushing 49, the intermediate bushing 44, and the front ratchet bushing 4. All three rotate counterclockwise like the rear ratchet bushing 49. The front ratchet 38 and the rear ratchet 39 are in the same state and do not need to be analyzed separately.

[0064] Internal ratchet function: When the left-side tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged with the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing and 412 of the rear ratchet bushing, the front ratchet bushing 4 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate freely when rotated counterclockwise. At this time, the left-side tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged, and the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise, so the rear ratchet 39 inside the rear ratchet bushing 49 does not function, and the handle 5 rotates freely.

[0065] At the same time, due to the action of the external gear, the rear ratchet bushing 49, the intermediate bushing 44 and the front ratchet bushing 4 do not rotate relative to each other and move as a whole. Therefore, all three rotate counterclockwise, and the front ratchet 38 inside the front ratchet bushing 4 does not work, and the front ratchet bushing 4 also spins idly.

[0066] Function 2: Reverse Mode 1. Taking a tap as an example. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the upper and lower adjusting blocks 217 are at the rear end and the sleeve 6 is in a free state, the right tooth 31 of the ratchet is engaged. At this time, the sleeve 6 is in a free state, i.e., not handheld. The reverse handle 5 can drive the rotating spindle 2 to rotate in reverse synchronously. When the handle 5 is rotated forward, the rotating spindle 2 remains fixed. At this time, the tap head will remain stationary, which can realize the rapid entry of the tap (the tap thread is right-handed) into the cone to complete the tapping, adapting to different surgical operation stages. The specific analysis is as follows: When the upper and lower adjusting block 217 moves downward along the slide groove 23, the ball head will drive the rotary adjusting shaft 1 to rotate clockwise, ultimately lifting the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet. The right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet and the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / 412 of the rear ratchet bushing will abut or lock. Following this, there are two scenarios based on state one. At this time, the front ratchet bushing 4 / rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates freely when clockwise. When rotating counterclockwise, it will drive the ratchet, the rotary main shaft 2, and the rotary adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0067] Therefore, in reverse mode 1, when the adjusting sleeve 7 and the upper and lower adjusting block 217 are at the rear end, that is, when the upper and lower adjusting block 217 moves downward along the slide groove 23 or towards the tail, the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet and the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing abut or are locked. The internal state of the ratchet is shown in the figure. Figure 7 When the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet is engaged, as described in the previous state description: when the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet is engaged with the inner teeth 42 and 412 of the front and rear ratchet bushings, and the front and rear ratchet bushings 49 rotate counterclockwise, the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet is engaged with the inner teeth 42 and 412 of the front and rear ratchet bushings, thus achieving the one-way transmission function of the ratchet 3. This will drive the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together. When rotating clockwise, the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet slips with the inner teeth 42 and 412 of the front and rear ratchet bushings.

[0068] At this time, if a counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the tap head will rotate counterclockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure.

[0069] External action: The handle 5 applies a counterclockwise torque, and the handle 5 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 are connected and rotate as a whole. The rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise. Because the grip sleeve 6 is in a free state (i.e., not in a handheld state), the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 does not rotate, that is, the gear 45 does not rotate along the axis of the mounting boss 46. In other words, there is no relative rotation between the rear ratchet bushing 49, the intermediate bushing 44, and the front ratchet bushing 4. All three rotate counterclockwise like the rear ratchet bushing 49. The front ratchet 38 and the rear ratchet 39 are in the same state and do not need to be analyzed separately.

[0070] Internal ratchet function: When the right side tooth 31 of the ratchet is engaged with the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing, the front ratchet bushing 4 / the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate counterclockwise, realizing the one-way transmission function of the ratchet 3, which will drive the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjustment shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0071] Therefore, at this time, the head tap will rotate counterclockwise.

[0072] At this point, if a clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the tap head will remain stationary due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. In this state, the tap (with a right-hand thread) can quickly enter the cone to complete the tapping process. The principle is the same as function one. A detailed analysis follows: The function of the external gears: The handle 5 applies a clockwise torque, and the handle 5 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 are connected and rotate as a whole. The rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates clockwise. Because the grip sleeve 6 is in a free state (i.e., not in a handheld state), the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 does not rotate, that is, the gear 45 does not rotate along the axis of the mounting boss 46. In other words, there is no relative rotation between the rear ratchet bushing 49, the intermediate bushing 44, and the front ratchet bushing 4. All three rotate clockwise like the rear ratchet bushing 49. The front ratchet 38 and the rear ratchet 39 are in the same state and do not need to be analyzed separately.

[0073] Movement of internal components: The right-side tooth 31 of the internal ratchet is engaged. At this time, the front ratchet bushing 4 and / or the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate clockwise without moving.

[0074] Therefore, when a clockwise torque is applied to handle 5, handle 5 spins freely, and both the front ratchet bushing 4 and the rear ratchet bushing 49 spin freely, while the head tap does not rotate.

[0075] Function 3: Forward Rotation Mode 2. Taking a tap as an example. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up / down adjusting block 217 are at the front end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a handheld state (not free), and cannot rotate, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is locked. At this time, the holding sleeve 6 is not in a free state (handheld state). Therefore, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle 5, the tap head will rotate clockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. Specific analysis is as follows: When a counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the external gears function as follows: The rear ratchet bushing 49 and the handle 5 rotate counterclockwise together. Since the grip sleeve 6 is in a handheld state and cannot rotate, the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 meshes with the rear ratchet bushing external gear 411 of the rear ratchet bushing 49. The gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, and the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 then drives the front ratchet bushing 4 to rotate clockwise.

[0076] When a counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the internal components move: Because the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up-down adjusting block 217 are located at the front end, that is, the up-down adjusting block 217 moves towards the front end, which is the direction away from the handle 5, driving the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate counterclockwise. The first ball 15 rotates to the left along with the rotating adjusting shaft 1, and the left side tooth 32 of the ratchet is lifted up. The left side tooth 32 of the ratchet abuts or locks with the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing.

[0077] The left tooth 32 of the internal ratchet is engaged. At this time, the front ratchet bushing 4 and / or the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotate counterclockwise without moving, and rotate clockwise to drive the ratchet 3 and the rotating spindle 2 to rotate together. The rotating spindle 2 is connected to the quick-change assembly through the front end connection 216 with an interference fit, and the rotating spindle 2 drives the tap to rotate together through the quick-change assembly.

[0078] Therefore, when a counterclockwise torque is applied to handle 5, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged, and the ratchet inside the rear ratchet bushing 49 is not activated. Handle 5 spins freely. Because the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged, the front ratchet 38 inside the front ratchet bushing 4 activates, driving the rotating spindle 2 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the head tap to rotate clockwise.

[0079] When a clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the external gear 45 functions as follows: The rear ratchet bushing 49 and the handle 5 rotate clockwise together. Since the grip sleeve 6 is in a handheld state and cannot rotate, the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 meshes with the rear ratchet bushing external gear 411 of the rear ratchet bushing 49. The gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 is driven to rotate clockwise, and the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 then drives the front ratchet bushing 4 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0080] When a clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the internal components move: Because the adjusting sleeve 7 and the upper and lower adjusting block 217 are located at the front end, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet and the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing abut or are stuck.

[0081] Therefore, when a clockwise torque is applied to handle 5, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is engaged, causing the rear ratchet bushing 49 to move clockwise. The rear ratchet 39 within the bushing then functions, driving the main spindle 2 to rotate clockwise, which in turn drives the tap to rotate clockwise. Simultaneously, the rear ratchet bushing 49 drives the gear 45 of the intermediate bushing 44 to rotate clockwise, which in turn drives the front ratchet bushing 4 to rotate counter-clockwise. Since the left tooth of the front ratchet is engaged, the front ratchet 38 rotates freely in the counter-clockwise direction, thus not functioning and the bushing rotates freely.

[0082] Function 4: Reverse Mode 2. Taking a tap as an example. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up / down adjusting block 217 are at the rear end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a handheld state (i.e., not free), and cannot rotate, the right tooth 31 of the ratchet is locked. At this time, the holding sleeve 6 is not in a free state (i.e., in a handheld state). Therefore, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle 5, the tap head will rotate counterclockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. Specific analysis is as follows: When a clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the external gears function as follows: The rear ratchet bushing 49 and the handle 5 rotate clockwise together. Since the grip sleeve 6 is in a handheld state and cannot rotate, the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 meshes with the rear ratchet bushing external gear 411 of the rear ratchet bushing 49. The gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 is driven to rotate clockwise, and the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 then drives the front ratchet bushing 4 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0083] When a clockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the internal components move: Because the adjusting sleeve 7 and the upper and lower adjusting block 217 are located at the rear end, when the upper and lower adjusting block 217 moves downward along the slide groove 23, that is, towards the tail, the ball head will drive the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate clockwise. This ultimately lifts the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet, causing it to abut or lock against the inner teeth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / 412 of the rear ratchet bushing. Following this, there are two scenarios based on state one. At this time, the front ratchet bushing 4 / rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates freely when clockwise. When rotating counterclockwise, it will drive the ratchet, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0084] Based on the above analysis, the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates clockwise, so the rear ratchet wheel 39 inside the rear ratchet bushing 49 does not function as a ratchet, and the rear ratchet bushing 49 and handle 5 rotate freely. The front ratchet bushing 4 rotates counterclockwise, so the front ratchet wheel 38 inside the front ratchet bushing 4 performs the one-way transmission function of a ratchet, driving the rotating spindle 2 to rotate together, thereby driving the tap to rotate counterclockwise.

[0085] When a counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the external gears function as follows: The rear ratchet bushing 49 and the handle 5 rotate counterclockwise together. Since the grip sleeve 6 is in a handheld state and cannot rotate, the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 meshes with the rear ratchet bushing external gear 411 of the rear ratchet bushing 49. The gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, and the gear 45 on the intermediate bushing 44 then drives the front ratchet bushing 4 to rotate clockwise.

[0086] When a counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of handle 5, the internal components move: Because the adjusting sleeve 7 and the upper and lower adjusting block 217 are located at the rear end, the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet is ultimately lifted, and the right-side tooth 31 of the ratchet abuts or locks with the inner tooth 42 of the front ratchet bushing / the inner tooth 412 of the rear ratchet bushing. Following this, there are two scenarios based on state one. At this time, the front ratchet bushing 4 / rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates freely when rotated clockwise. When rotated counterclockwise, it will drive the ratchet 3, the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating adjusting shaft 1 to rotate together.

[0087] Based on the above analysis, the rear ratchet bushing 49 rotates counterclockwise, so the rear ratchet 39 inside the rear ratchet bushing 49 performs the one-way transmission function of the ratchet, driving the rotating spindle 2 to rotate together, thereby driving the tap to rotate counterclockwise; the front ratchet bushing 4 rotates clockwise, and the front ratchet 38 inside the front ratchet bushing 4 does not perform the one-way transmission function of the ratchet, so the front ratchet bushing 4 spins idly.

[0088] The above is an analysis of the four functions that can be achieved. Taking the tap as an example, the principle of screw insertion is the same. Traditional ratchet wrenches require repeated "locking-turning-locking", which is cumbersome and wastes critical surgical time. This product breaks through this limitation. Regardless of whether you switch to forward or reverse mode, the rotating shaft can achieve "continuous and uninterrupted operation" without interruption or adjustment. This effectively reduces the duration of surgical operations and lowers the workload of medical staff.

[0089] Specific Embodiment 3: A method for using a multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, using the multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench from Specific Embodiment 2. Step 1: Assemble handle 5, ratchet drive module, and quick-change assembly. Step 2: Insert the component to be connected into the front end of the quick-change assembly. The part of the component to be connected is provided with a connecting block 20 at the tail end. The side wall of the connecting block 20 is provided with a locking platform 201. The front end of the connecting block 20 is provided with a locking groove 202. The third ball 810 is pressed inward by the quick-change adjusting sleeve 9. Part of the third ball 810 extends into the locking groove 202. The first inner protrusion 91 in the connecting cavity 83 abuts against the locking platform 201 of the component to be connected, limiting the insertion depth of the component to be connected. Step 3: Based on the required movements of the components to be connected, control and adjust the position of the outer jacket 7 and the rotation of the holding jacket 6 to achieve different functions: Function 1: Forward rotation mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are at the front end and the sleeve 6 is in a free state, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is locked. When the handle 5 is turned forward, the rotating spindle 2 rotates forward synchronously, and the part to be connected rotates forward synchronously. When the handle 5 is turned reverse, the rotating spindle 2 remains fixed, and the part to be connected will remain stationary. Function 2: Reverse Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are at the rear end and the sleeve 6 is in a free state, the right tooth 31 of the ratchet is locked; the reverse handle 5 can drive the rotating spindle 2 to reverse synchronously, and the parts to be connected will also reverse synchronously; when the handle 5 is turned forward, the rotating spindle 2 remains fixed, and the parts to be connected will remain stationary. Function 3: Forward Rotation Mode 2. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are at the front end and the sleeve 6 is held in a hand position (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot rotate, the left tooth 32 of the ratchet is locked. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle 5, the parts to be connected will rotate clockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. Function 4: Reverse Mode 2. When the adjusting sleeve 7 and the up and down adjusting block 217 are located at the rear end and the holding sleeve 6 is in a hand-held state (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot be rotated, the right tooth 31 of the ratchet is locked. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle 5, the parts to be connected will rotate counterclockwise.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0091] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A ratchet drive module, characterized in that, The device includes a rotary adjustment shaft, which, along its axial direction, comprises an integrally formed first grooved section, a first elastic element mounting section, and a first connecting section. A spiral groove is located in the first grooved section. Two mounting holes are provided on the first elastic element mounting section of the rotary adjustment shaft to accommodate ball bearings for engagement with the bottom arc of the ratchet wheel. The rotary adjustment shaft is housed within the internal cavity of a rotating main shaft, which is through-hole. The front and rear rotating main shafts, along their axial directions, comprise an integrally formed second grooved section, a second elastic element mounting section, and a second connecting section. The inner diameters of the second grooved section, the second elastic element mounting section, and the second connecting section are respectively matched with the outer diameters of the first grooved section, the first elastic element mounting section, and the first connecting section of the rotary adjustment shaft.

2. A sliding groove is formed on the circumferential wall of the second grooved section; an upper and lower adjusting block is provided in the sliding groove, and a spiral groove extends into the lower part of the upper and lower adjusting block. A ratchet groove is provided at the joint between the rotating main shaft and the two ball elastic elements. A front ratchet and a rear ratchet are sleeved side by side on the ratchet shaft. The bushing includes a front ratchet bushing sleeve sleeved on the outside of the rotating main shaft where the front ratchet is located, a rear ratchet bushing sleeve sleeved on the outside of the rotating main shaft where the rear ratchet is located, and an intermediate bushing sleeve located between the front ratchet bushing sleeve and the rear ratchet bushing sleeve. A gear is provided on the outer surface of the intermediate bushing sleeve. The rear ratchet bushing sleeve includes a front rear ratchet bushing sleeve engagement section and a rear rear ratchet bushing sleeve tube. The rear ratchet bushing sleeve and the rotating main shaft are connected and rotate as a whole. A gripping outer sleeve is provided on the front ratchet bushing sleeve, the intermediate bushing sleeve and the rear ratchet bushing sleeve, and the gripping outer sleeve is connected to the intermediate bushing sleeve.

3. The ratchet drive module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary adjustment shaft and the rotary main shaft are coaxially arranged; the front end of the rotary main shaft is fitted with an adjustment sleeve, which is connected to the upper and lower adjustment blocks. The adjustment sleeve can move up and down along the rotary main shaft, driving the upper and lower adjustment blocks to move along the spiral groove; the hub center of the ratchet is correspondingly provided with hub holes, and the left and right teeth of the ratchet are symmetrically designed along the plane containing the ratchet axis. The bottom arc of the ratchet includes a first arc, a second arc, and a third arc. When the rotary adjustment shaft drives the first ball to abut against the bottom arc and rotate, the left or right tooth of the ratchet is lifted up. The front ratchet bushing has external teeth that mesh with the gear and internal teeth that mesh with the front ratchet wheel; two gears are symmetrically arranged on the intermediate bushing; the rear ratchet bushing meshing section is used to mesh with the gear and the rear ratchet wheel, and the rear ratchet bushing meshing section includes external teeth that mesh with the gear and internal teeth that mesh with the rear ratchet wheel; the inner wall of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve fits with the rotating spindle; the gripping outer sleeve and the intermediate bushing are connected by a gripping outer sleeve screw; the adjusting outer sleeve has an adjusting block connecting hole, and the heads of the upper and lower adjusting blocks are inserted into the adjusting block connecting hole and the slide groove into the spiral groove.

4. A ratchet drive module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball bearing elastic element includes a first ball and a first elastic element. A limiting structure is provided at the opening of the mounting hole. An arc-shaped contact portion is provided at the center of the front end of the rotating adjustment shaft. Ratchet shaft holes are provided on the front and rear walls of the ratchet groove. A ratchet shaft radially passes through two ratchets and multiple ratchet shaft holes, connecting the two ratchets to the rotating main shaft via a ratchet shaft. The outer teeth of the front ratchet bushing are on the outer circumferential surface of the front ratchet bushing near the middle bushing. The inner teeth of the front ratchet bushing mesh with the left or right teeth of the front ratchet. The middle bushing... A cylindrical mounting boss is provided on the outer circumference of the device. The mounting boss has a hollow structure and a first internal thread hole on its inner wall. The intermediate bushing and the gripping sleeve are connected by a gripping sleeve screw. Two gears are fitted onto the smooth outer cylindrical surface of the mounting boss through their inner holes. The outer circumference of the rear ratchet bushing meshing section is formed with rear ratchet bushing outer teeth that mate with the gears. The rear ratchet bushing inner teeth mesh with the left or right teeth of the rear ratchet. The inner cavity of the rear ratchet bushing includes a first mounting section. The second connecting section at the tail of the rotating spindle is inserted into the first mounting section.

5. A ratchet drive module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first ball is partially accommodated within the mounting hole and partially protrudes from the surface of the first elastic mounting section; a spacer is formed between the two first elastic mounting sections; the groove extends axially along the second grooved section; a shoulder is formed between the two ratchet grooves; the front end face of the front ratchet bushing has second balls circumferentially distributed; the axis of the gear and the axis of the intermediate bushing are perpendicular to each other; the diameters of the first grooved section, the first elastic mounting section, and the first connecting section decrease sequentially; the rear end of the rear ratchet bushing forms a stepped shaft structure with an inner wall, namely, the rear ratchet bushing sleeve, which sequentially includes: The first section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve and the second section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve; the first section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve is used as a transition between the meshing section of the rear ratchet bushing and the second section of the rear ratchet bushing sleeve, and cooperates with the internal components, such as the rotating spindle, the inner wall and the corresponding parts of the rotating spindle; The first installation section has a larger inner diameter; The second mounting section has a smaller inner diameter compared to the first mounting section; And a locating shoulder located between the first mounting section and the second mounting section for axial positioning; The rear ratchet bushing and the rotating spindle are connected by a connecting screw at the tail.

6. A ratchet drive module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the second elastic element mounting section is larger than the outer diameter of the second grooved section and the second connecting section; the inner wall of the rear end of the second connecting section is provided with an end face thread, and the end face thread is connected to the rear ratchet bushing by a connecting screw, leaving a gap; the end face of the front ratchet bushing abuts against one side of the rotating spindle stop.

7. A ratchet drive module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate bushing is also provided with at least one second internal threaded hole in the circumferential direction, and the intermediate bushing and the outer sleeve are connected by a retaining sleeve screw; the head of the upper and lower adjusting block is a ball head, which extends into and is embedded in the spiral groove of the rotating adjusting shaft.

8. A multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, characterized in that, The device includes a ratchet drive module as described in claims 1-6, a handle at the tail end, and a quick-change assembly at the front end. The handle and the rear ratchet bushing are connected and rotate as a unit. The front end opening of the rotating spindle has a connection point. The quick-change assembly is connected to the ratchet drive module through the connection point. The front end of the quick-change assembly is connected to the component to be connected. The quick-change assembly includes a quick-change connector, a second elastic element, a quick-change adjusting sleeve, and a locking end cap. The quick-change connector includes a quick-change connecting head and a quick-change connecting rod. The front end opening of the quick-change connecting rod has a connecting cavity. The structure of the connecting cavity is adapted to the component to be connected. The side wall of the quick-change connecting rod has a second hole. A third ball is provided in the second hole. A second inner boss is provided near the front end of the quick-change adjusting sleeve, and a limiting boss is provided near the tail end. The limiting boss abuts against the third ball, and the second inner boss limits the axial position of the locking end cap.

9. The multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench according to claim 7, characterized in that, The handle has an inner core. The quick-change connector and the connection point are connected by a fixing pin. The rotating spindle has a first fixing pin hole, and the quick-change connector has a second fixing pin hole. The quick-change connecting rod includes a thin quick-change connecting rod and a thick quick-change connecting rod at the front end. The outer diameter of the thin quick-change connecting rod is smaller than the outer diameter of the thick quick-change connecting rod. The quick-change adjusting sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the quick-change connecting rod, and a first receiving cavity is formed between the two. A second elastic element is located in the first receiving cavity. A positioning block is provided between the quick-change connector and the quick-change connecting rod, and the tail end face of the positioning block abuts against the front end face of the connection point of the rotating spindle.

10. The multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the handle and the handle core have through holes in the middle. The through holes in the handle include the rear ratchet bushing connection hole at the front end and the connecting screw channel at the rear end. The connecting cavity is provided with a first inner boss. The second hole is a radial through hole that is connected to the connecting cavity and is used to place the third ball. The end of the second hole near the connecting cavity is provided with an anti-disengagement structure.

11. A method of using a multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench, characterized in that, Use the multi-functional ratchet quick-change wrench as described in claims 7-9. Step 1: Assemble the handle, ratchet drive module, and quick-change assembly. Step 2: Insert the component to be connected into the front end of the quick-change assembly. The part of the component to be connected is provided with a connecting block at the tail end. The side wall of the connecting block is provided with a locking platform. The front end of the connecting block is provided with a locking groove. The third ball is pressed inward by the quick-change adjusting sleeve. Part of the third ball extends into the locking groove. The first inner protrusion in the connecting cavity abuts against the locking platform of the component to be connected, limiting the insertion depth of the component to be connected. Step 3: Based on the required movements of the components to be connected, control and adjust the position of the outer casing and rotate it to achieve different functions: Function 1: Forward Rotation Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve and the up and down adjusting blocks are at the front end and the sleeve is held in a free state, the left tooth of the ratchet is locked. When the handle is turned forward, the main shaft rotates forward synchronously, and the part to be connected rotates forward synchronously. When the handle is turned reverse, the main shaft remains fixed and the part to be connected will remain stationary. Function 2: Reverse Mode 1. When the adjusting sleeve and the up and down adjusting blocks are at the rear end and the sleeve is held in a free state, the right tooth of the ratchet is locked; the reverse handle can drive the rotating spindle to rotate in reverse synchronously, and the part to be connected will rotate in reverse synchronously; when the handle is turned forward, the rotating spindle remains fixed, and the part to be connected will remain stationary. Function 3: Forward Rotation Mode 2. When the adjusting sleeve and the up and down adjusting blocks are at the front end and the sleeve is held in a hand position (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot be rotated, the left tooth of the ratchet is locked. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle, the parts to be connected will rotate clockwise due to the combined action of the internal ratchet structure and the external gear structure. Function 4: Reverse Mode 2. When the adjusting cover and the up and down adjusting block are at the rear end and the cover is held in a hand position (i.e., not in a free state) and cannot be rotated, the right tooth of the ratchet is locked. At this time, regardless of whether clockwise or counterclockwise torque is applied to the end of the handle, the part to be connected will rotate counterclockwise.

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