A charging management method and device for a high-speed service area charging station

Abstract

The application provides a charging management method and device for a high-speed service area charging station. The method obtains a credit score and an intended charging time period of a charging vehicle, allocates an idle charging position to the charging vehicle according to the credit score and the intended charging time period, obtains charging reservation information, monitors the charging vehicle in the reservation charging time period, obtains monitoring information, determines a charging state of the charging vehicle according to the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identity recognition record and the charging reservation information, determines a charging mode of the charging vehicle according to the charging state, charges the charging vehicle according to the charging mode, and manages the credit of the charging vehicle according to the charging state. The application improves the flexibility of charging management of the charging vehicle, improves the ability to constrain the behavior of the charging vehicle, effectively alleviates the congestion caused by charging queues in the high-speed service area, and improves the travel service experience of the vehicle.

Description

A charging management method and device for charging stations in highway service areas Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging management technology, and in particular to a charging management method and apparatus for charging stations in highway service areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the promotion and popularization of new energy vehicles, the charging demand for new energy vehicles has increased dramatically. In areas where new energy vehicles are concentrated or during peak charging periods, there are often situations where there are no available charging piles and long waiting times for charging. For example, during holidays, the limited charging pile locations at highway charging stations are often occupied for extended periods due to a lack of or inadequate management measures, making it difficult to meet the rapidly growing charging demand of new energy vehicles.

[0003] In related technologies, the management methods for charging stations focus on guiding charging vehicles to make reservations in terms of charging load allocation. They lack the functions of monitoring vehicle charging and parking behavior under high traffic pressure scenarios, flexibly adjusting vehicle billing modes based on monitoring results, determining vehicle credit ratings based on monitoring results, and constraining subsequent charging behavior of vehicles based on their credit ratings. This results in charging station management methods that are not flexible enough and lack strong constraints on the charging behavior of charging vehicles.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the charging management methods in related technologies in order to achieve closed-loop management of the entire charging process for vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, this application provides a charging management method and apparatus for charging stations in highway service areas to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a charging management method for highway service area charging stations is provided. The method includes: obtaining a credit score and intended charging time period of a charging vehicle; allocating an available charging location to the charging vehicle based on the credit score and the intended charging time period to obtain charging reservation information; the charging reservation information includes: a reserved charging time period; and monitoring the charging vehicle during the reserved charging time period to obtain monitoring information, the monitoring information including: parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, and identity recognition record; determining the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identity recognition record, and the charging reservation information; the charging status includes: scheduled charging but not present, charging in progress, not charging but occupying a location, and not leaving after charging; determining a billing mode for the charging vehicle based on the charging status, and billing the charging vehicle according to the billing mode to realize charging billing management of the charging vehicle in the highway service area charging station; and performing credit management of the charging vehicle based on the charging status.

[0007] In one embodiment of this application, if the parking monitoring information includes: parking location and parking duration, the charging monitoring information includes: charging pile output power and connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle, and the charging reservation information further includes: reserved charging location and the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, then the process of determining the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identity recognition record, and the charging reservation information includes: if the identity recognition record does not include the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, then it is determined that the charging vehicle is in a reserved but not present charging state; if the identity recognition record includes the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, the number of the reserved charging location is inconsistent with the number of the parking location, and the parking duration of the charging vehicle at the parking location is greater than a first preset duration threshold, or If the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the number of the reserved charging location matches the number of the parking location, and the connection status is not connected, then the charging status is determined to be not charging and occupying the space; if the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the number of the reserved charging location matches the number of the parking location, the connection status is connected, and the charging pile's output power is greater than or equal to a preset power threshold, then the charging status is determined to be charging; if the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the number of the reserved charging location matches the number of the parking location, the connection status is connected, and the duration for which the charging pile's output power is less than the preset power threshold is greater than a second preset duration threshold, then the charging status is determined to be charging and not leaving the site.

[0008] In one embodiment of this application, if the charging reservation information further includes: a reserved charging location and the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, then the process of allocating an available charging location to the charging vehicle based on the credit score and the intended charging time period to obtain the charging reservation information includes: if the credit score is less than or equal to a preset score threshold, then charging reservations for the charging vehicle are prohibited; if the credit score is greater than the preset score threshold, then the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods are obtained; based on the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods, an available charging location is allocated to the charging vehicle to obtain the reserved charging location and the reserved charging time period; the reserved charging location, the reserved charging time period, and the identity identifier of the charging vehicle are used as the charging reservation information; the reserved charging time period is the time period with the highest matching degree with the intended charging time period among different time periods; the reserved charging location is the number corresponding to the available charging location in the reserved charging time period.

[0009] In one embodiment of this application, if the parking monitoring information further includes: occupied charging locations and charging vehicles at the occupied charging locations, then before obtaining the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods, the method further includes: determining the current available charging locations based on the number of the occupied charging locations; predicting the remaining departure time of charging vehicles at each occupied charging location based on the current time, the charging time period allocated to the charging vehicles at each occupied charging location, and the credit score of the charging vehicles at each occupied charging location, according to the number of each occupied charging location; obtaining new intended charging time periods; and updating the current available charging locations based on the remaining departure time of charging vehicles at each occupied charging location and the new intended charging time periods, to obtain the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the billing mode for the charging vehicle based on the charging status includes: if the charging status is scheduled but not yet arrived for charging, then the billing mode is a fixed billing mode; if the charging status is not charging but occupying a charging spot, then the billing mode is an occupied charging mode; the occupied charging mode operates on an occupied charging calculation formula; if the charging status is charging in progress, then the billing mode is set to a charging billing mode; the charging billing mode operates on a charging charging calculation formula; if the charging status is charging but not yet left the charging location, then the billing mode is set to an un-left charging mode; the un-left charging mode operates on an un-left charging calculation formula; if the charging status changes, then the billing mode is set to sequentially operate the billing mode corresponding to the charging status before the change and the billing mode corresponding to the charging status after the change.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, if the charging reservation information further includes: a reserved charging location, then the process of credit management of the charging vehicle based on the charging status includes: obtaining the usage status of the reserved charging location; if the usage status changes from occupied to idle, then obtaining the settlement status of the charging vehicle after a third preset time threshold; and updating the credit score based on the settlement status and the charging status.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, the process of updating the credit score based on the settlement status and the charging status includes: if the settlement status is "settled", then counting the number of abnormal behaviors in the charging status, and calculating the updated credit score based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score; the abnormal behaviors in the charging status include: occupying a spot without charging, not leaving after charging, and not showing up for a scheduled charge; if the settlement status is "not settled", then counting the number of abnormal behaviors in the charging status and the settlement status, and calculating the updated credit score based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score; the abnormal behaviors in the settlement status include: leaving without settling.

[0013] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a charging management device for highway service area charging stations is provided. The device includes: an information collection module for acquiring the credit score and intended charging time period of a charging vehicle; a charging reservation module for allocating an available charging location to the charging vehicle based on the credit score and the intended charging time period, thereby obtaining charging reservation information; the charging reservation information includes: a reserved charging time period; and an information monitoring module for monitoring the charging vehicle during the reserved charging time period, thereby obtaining monitoring information, the monitoring information including: parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, and identity information. The system includes an identification record module and a status determination module, used to determine the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identification record, and the charging reservation information; the charging status includes: scheduled charging but not present, charging in progress, not charging but occupying a spot, and not leaving after charging; a mode determination module, used to determine the billing mode for the charging vehicle based on the charging status, and to charge the charging vehicle according to the billing mode, so as to realize the charging billing management of the charging vehicle in the highway service area charging station; and to perform credit management of the charging vehicle based on the charging status.

[0014] In one embodiment of this application, the information monitoring module includes: a parking space sensing module deployed at each charging location, used to monitor the start time and end time of parking of the charging vehicle at each charging location; a first image recognition module, used to identify the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle at each charging location; and to identify the parking location number of the charging vehicle; a power monitoring module deployed in the charging pile, used to monitor the output power of the charging pile; and a first real-time control module, used to determine the parking duration of the charging vehicle based on the start time and end time of parking.

[0015] In one embodiment of this application, the device further includes: a roadside module deployed at the entrance of the charging station, used to identify the on-board unit signal of a charging vehicle arriving at the entrance of the charging station, and obtain on-board unit identification information, so as to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to a reserved vehicle through the on-board unit identification information; a second image recognition module deployed at the entrance of the charging station, used to identify the license plate number of a charging vehicle arriving at the entrance of the charging station, and obtain license plate number identification information, so as to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to a reserved vehicle through the license plate number identification information; a second real-time control module, used to merge the on-board unit identification information and the license plate number identification information to obtain the identity recognition record; and a settlement module, used to settle fees for charging vehicles with on-board unit signals or charging vehicles without on-board unit signals.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application obtains the credit score and intended charging time period of a charging vehicle, allocates available charging locations to the vehicle based on the credit score and intended charging time period, obtains charging reservation information, and monitors the charging vehicle during the reserved charging time period to obtain monitoring information. Based on the parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition records, and charging reservation information, the charging status of the charging vehicle is determined. Based on the charging status, a billing mode for the charging vehicle is determined, and charging billing is performed according to the billing mode. This achieves charging billing management for charging vehicles in highway service area charging stations, and allows for charging based on the charging status. The system employs credit management, allocating available charging locations to vehicles based on their credit scores and intended charging time slots. This achieves automated and intelligent scheduling and management of charging resources in highway service areas, taking credit factors into account. Furthermore, it determines the charging status of vehicles based on parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity verification records, and charging reservation information. Credit management is then implemented for charging vehicles based on their charging status, and different billing models are adopted for different charging statuses. This improves the flexibility of billing management for charging vehicles and enhances the ability to regulate their behavior. This effectively alleviates congestion caused by charging queues in highway service areas and improves the travel experience for drivers.

[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary system architecture of an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a charging management method for high-speed service area charging stations, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a charging management method for a high-speed service area charging station, as shown in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating the charging status determination and triggering of the billing mode in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 is an exemplary embodiment of the present application illustrating the architecture of a charging management system for a high-speed service area charging station;

[0024] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating a charging management device for a high-speed service area charging station, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0027] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary system architecture in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1, the system architecture may include a data acquisition device 101 and a control device 102. The control device 102 may be at least one of a desktop graphics processing unit (GPU) computer, a GPU computing cluster, or a neural network computer. Technical personnel can use the control device 102 to acquire the credit score and intended charging time period of the charging vehicle, allocate available charging locations to the vehicle based on the credit score and intended charging time period, obtain charging reservation information, monitor the charging vehicle during the reserved charging time period, obtain monitoring information, determine the charging status of the vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition records, and charging reservation information, determine the billing mode for the charging vehicle based on the charging status, and charge the vehicle according to the billing mode. This achieves charging billing management for charging vehicles in highway service area charging stations and credit management of charging vehicles based on their charging status. The data acquisition device 101 is used to collect the credit score, intended charging time period, and monitoring information obtained from monitoring the charging vehicle, and provides this information to the control device 102 for processing.

[0030] In a schematic manner, after acquiring the credit score, intended charging time period, and monitoring information obtained from the data acquisition device 101, the control device 102 allocates available charging locations to the charging vehicles based on the credit score and intended charging time period, thereby obtaining charging reservation information. Furthermore, it monitors the charging vehicles during the reserved charging time period, obtaining monitoring information. Based on the parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity verification records, and charging reservation information, it determines the charging status of the charging vehicles. Based on the charging status, it determines the billing mode for the charging vehicles and charges them accordingly, thus achieving charging billing management for charging vehicles within highway service area charging stations. Based on the charging status, a credit management system is implemented for charging vehicles. This process allocates available charging locations to vehicles based on their credit scores and intended charging time slots, achieving automated and intelligent scheduling and management of charging resources in highway service areas while considering credit factors. Furthermore, the system determines the charging status of vehicles based on parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity verification records, and charging reservation information. Credit management is then applied to charging vehicles based on their charging status, and different billing models are used for different charging statuses. This improves the flexibility of billing management for charging vehicles and enhances the ability to regulate their behavior, effectively alleviating congestion caused by charging queues in highway service areas and improving the travel experience for drivers.

[0031] The implementation details of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described in detail below:

[0032] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a charging management method for highway service area charging stations, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 2, the charging management method for highway service area charging stations includes at least steps S210 to S250, which are described in detail below:

[0033] In step S210, the credit score and intended charging time period of the charging vehicle are obtained. In one embodiment of this application, the user can initiate a charging reservation request through a mobile terminal with an official application, WeChat mini-program, or service platform for the charging station, and input information such as the intended charging time period of the charging vehicle. The charging station reservation program assigns an account to each charging vehicle, through which functions such as charging reservation, departure settlement, and payment can be completed. For charging vehicles with ETC, the account is an OBU account, and the OBU account can directly deduct payment during departure settlement. For charging vehicles without ETC, a reservation account is opened using the vehicle's license plate number. This reservation account requires a pre-authorized deposit, and settlement deduction is achieved by binding a third-party payment software. The credit score of the charging vehicle is stored in the cloud platform of the highway service area charging station.

[0034] In step S220, vacant charging locations are allocated to the charging vehicle based on its credit score and intended charging time slot, thus obtaining charging reservation information. In one embodiment of this application, the charging reservation information includes: a reserved charging time slot, a reserved charging location, and the vehicle's identification. Allocating vacant charging locations to the charging vehicle based on its credit score and intended charging time slot improves the rationality and fairness of charging resource allocation. For example, a charging vehicle with a higher credit score will have priority access to a more suitable charging location given the same intended charging time slot, thus incentivizing vehicle owners to maintain a good credit record. Furthermore, allocating locations in conjunction with the intended charging time slot better meets the charging needs of the vehicle, avoiding situations where charging locations are either idle or overcrowded.

[0035] In step S230, during the scheduled charging time period, the charging vehicle is monitored to obtain monitoring information. In one embodiment of this application, the monitoring information includes: parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition records, etc. The parking monitoring information includes: parking duration, parking location, occupied charging location, the duration of occupation of the occupied charging location, and the charging vehicle at the occupied charging location. The charging monitoring information includes: charging pile output power, connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle. The starting time and ending time of parking of the charging vehicle at each charging location are monitored by geomagnetic sensors, etc., thereby determining the parking duration of the charging vehicle at the charging location, the occupied charging location, and the duration of occupation of the occupied charging location; through... Cameras or industrial cameras with license plate recognition capabilities identify the license plate numbers of charging vehicles parked at each charging location, thus determining the location of the charging vehicle at the occupied charging location (i.e., the parking location of the charging vehicle); the output power of the charging pile is monitored through a power monitoring module; the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle at each charging location is identified through cameras or industrial cameras with charging gun and charging vehicle connection recognition capabilities; and identity recognition records are obtained by identifying the license plate numbers of charging vehicles parked at each charging location through cameras or industrial cameras with license plate recognition capabilities, and by performing ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) recognition on charging vehicles entering the charging station through equipment with ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) recognition capabilities.

[0036] In step S240, the charging status of the charging vehicle is determined based on the parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition record, and charging reservation information. In one embodiment of this application, the charging status includes: scheduled charging but not present, charging in progress, not charging but occupying the space, and not leaving the site after charging. By classifying the charging status, the charging behavior of the charging vehicle is refined, providing a more accurate basis for subsequent billing and credit management.

[0037] In step S250, a billing mode for the charging vehicle is determined based on its charging status, and charging fees are charged according to the billing mode to achieve charging fee management for charging vehicles within highway service area charging stations; credit management is also implemented for charging vehicles based on their charging status. In one embodiment of this application, the billing modes include: a pre-booked charging fee mode, a spot-occupying fee mode, a charging fee mode, and a non-departure fee mode, etc. Based on credit scores and intended charging time periods, available charging locations are allocated to charging vehicles, realizing the automated and intelligent scheduling and management of charging resources in highway service areas considering credit factors; and the charging status of the charging vehicle is determined based on parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition records, and charging reservation information. Credit management is implemented for charging vehicles based on their charging status, and different billing modes are adopted for different charging statuses, improving the flexibility of charging vehicle billing management and enhancing the ability to constrain charging vehicle behavior. This can effectively alleviate congestion caused by charging queues in highway service areas and improve the travel service experience for drivers.

[0038] In one embodiment of this application, if the parking monitoring information includes: parking location and parking duration, the charging monitoring information includes: charging pile output power and connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle, and the charging reservation information also includes: reserved charging location and the identification of the charging vehicle, then the process of determining the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identification record, and charging reservation information includes:

[0039] If the identification record does not include the charging vehicle's identification mark, the charging vehicle is determined to be in a state of scheduled charging but not yet arrived. In one embodiment of this application, the device for detecting the charging vehicle's identification mark can be a second image recognition module, a roadside unit, etc., installed at the entrance of the charging station, or it can be a first image recognition module; no specific limitation is made here.

[0040] If the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the reserved charging location number does not match the parking location number, and the vehicle's parking time at the parking location exceeds a first preset time threshold; or, if the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the reserved charging location number matches the parking location number, and the connection status is not connected, then the charging status is determined to be not charging and the parking space is occupied. In one embodiment of this application, the first preset time threshold is set according to actual conditions, for example, 10 minutes. When the reserved charging location number does not match the parking location number, the charging pile at the parking location number cannot be activated to charge the vehicle. In this case, regardless of whether the charging gun is connected to the vehicle, it is determined to be in a not charging and occupied state.

[0041] If the identification record includes the vehicle's identification, the reserved charging location number matches the parking location number, the connection status is "connected," and the charging pile's output power is greater than or equal to a preset power threshold, then the charging status is determined to be charging in progress. In one embodiment of this application, the preset power threshold is set according to actual conditions, for example, 5kW. The charging pile's output power can also be calculated by acquiring the charging pile's output voltage through a voltage sensor, acquiring the charging pile's output current through a current sensor, and calculating the charging pile's output power through a power calculation module.

[0042] If the identification record includes the charging vehicle's identification identifier, the number of the reserved charging location matches the number of the parking location, the connection status is "connected," and the duration for which the charging pile's output power is less than a preset power threshold is greater than a second preset duration threshold, then the charging status is determined to be "charging completed but not yet left." In one embodiment of this application, the second preset duration threshold is set according to actual conditions, for example, 5 minutes.

[0043] In one embodiment of this application, if the charging reservation information further includes: a reserved charging location and the identification of the charging vehicle, then the process of allocating an available charging location to the charging vehicle based on its credit score and intended charging time period, and obtaining the charging reservation information, includes:

[0044] If the credit score is less than or equal to a preset scoring threshold, charging reservations for the vehicle will be prohibited. In one embodiment of this application, the preset scoring threshold is set according to the actual situation, for example, 50 points. Because the credit score is low, the probability of the vehicle exhibiting abnormal behavior is high, therefore, the vehicle will be refused charging.

[0045] If the credit score is greater than a preset score threshold, then the available charging locations at the charging station within different time periods are obtained. Based on the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods, an available charging location is assigned to the charging vehicle, resulting in a reserved charging location and a reserved charging time period. The reserved charging location, reserved charging time period, and the vehicle's identification are used as charging reservation information. In one embodiment of this application, the reserved charging time period is the time period with the highest matching degree with the intended charging time period; the reserved charging location is the number corresponding to an available charging location within the reserved charging time period.

[0046] In one embodiment of this application, the process of allocating available charging locations to charging vehicles based on the matching degree between intended charging time periods and different time periods includes: sorting the intended charging time periods of charging vehicles according to their credit scores; calculating the matching degree between the top-ranked intended charging time period and different time periods, and using the time period with the highest matching degree among the different time periods as the reserved charging time period for the charging vehicle, and using the number of the charging location corresponding to the reserved charging time period as the reserved charging location; updating the different time periods to obtain the remaining time periods, and then calculating the matching degree between the second-ranked intended charging time period and the remaining time periods, and using the time period with the highest matching degree among the remaining time periods as the reserved charging time period for the charging vehicle that issued the second-ranked intended charging time period, until the reserved charging time periods and reserved charging locations for all charging vehicles are allocated.

[0047] In one embodiment of this application, if the available charging locations do not meet the charging needs of the vehicle during different time periods, a message will be displayed when the vehicle is reserved, indicating that there are not enough charging locations available and that the vehicle needs to wait.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, the formula for calculating the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods is as follows:

[0049] Equation (1)

[0050] in, Indicates the first The degree of matching between the time period and the intended charging time period. Indicates the first The overlapping time period between the time period and the intended charging time period. Indicates the intended charging period.

[0051] The formula for calculating the overlapping time period is as follows:

[0052] Equation (2)

[0053] in, Indicates the first The overlapping time period between the time period and the intended charging time period. Indicates the first The end time of the overlapping period between the time period and the intended charging time period. Indicates the first The start time of the overlapping period between the time period and the intended charging time period. Indicates the end time of the intended charging period. Indicates the first The end time of each time period. Indicates the start time of the intended charging period. Indicates the first The start time of each time period.

[0054] In one embodiment of this application, by allocating available charging locations to charging vehicles based on their credit scores, intended charging time periods, and the matching degree between these periods, charging resources can be utilized more rationally, improving the operational efficiency of charging stations. Restricting reservations for charging vehicles with low credit scores not only enables the constraint of subsequent charging behavior through credit scores, enhancing the flexibility of charging station management, but also better meets the needs of vehicles entering the charging station, improving the charging experience.

[0055] In one embodiment of this application, if the parking monitoring information further includes: occupied charging locations and charging vehicles at the occupied charging locations, then the charging management method for highway service area charging stations further includes: before obtaining the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods.

[0056] The currently available charging location is determined based on the number of the occupied charging location. In one embodiment of this application, the numbers of the occupied charging locations are deleted from the total number of all charging locations in the charging station to obtain the numbers of the remaining charging locations, which are the currently available charging locations.

[0057] Based on the number of each occupied charging location, and considering the current time, the charging time period allocated to each vehicle at each occupied charging location, and the credit score of each vehicle at each occupied charging location, the remaining departure time of each vehicle at each occupied charging location is predicted. In one embodiment of this application, the process of predicting the remaining departure time of each vehicle at an occupied charging location based on the current time, the charging time period allocated to each vehicle at each occupied charging location, and the credit score of each vehicle at each occupied charging location includes: determining the remaining occupancy time of each occupied charging location based on the current time and the charging time period allocated to each vehicle at each occupied charging location; and predicting the remaining departure time of each vehicle at each occupied charging location based on the remaining occupancy time of each occupied charging location and the credit score of each vehicle at each occupied charging location.

[0058] In one embodiment of this application, the formula for calculating the remaining departure time of the charging vehicle at each occupied charging location is as follows:

[0059] Equation (3)

[0060] in, Indicates the first The remaining time that vehicles will be away from charging at each occupied charging location. This indicates the remaining duration of the occupied charging position. Indicates the first The initial credit score (e.g., 100 points) of a charging vehicle at an occupied charging location. Indicates the first Credit score of a vehicle charging at an occupied charging location. This indicates a time factor, for example, 3 minutes.

[0061] In one embodiment of this application, the remaining departure time of a charging vehicle at each occupied charging location is predicted based on the current time, the charging time period allocated to the charging vehicle at each occupied charging location, and the credit score of the charging vehicle at each occupied charging location. This fully considers the credit status of the charging vehicle, making the prediction of the remaining departure time of the charging vehicle more accurate and reasonable.

[0062] Obtaining new charging reservation information. In one embodiment of this application, the new charging reservation information includes: a new reserved charging location and a new intended charging time period. Since the charging reservation needs of charging vehicles are uncertain, the new charging reservation information can be obtained in real time to ensure timely access to the charging reservation information of charging vehicles.

[0063] Based on the remaining departure time of vehicles at each occupied charging location and the newly added intended charging time period, the currently available charging locations are updated to obtain the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods. In one embodiment of this application, the process of updating the currently available charging locations based on the remaining departure time of vehicles at each occupied charging location and the newly added intended charging time period to obtain the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods includes: determining newly added available charging locations in different time periods based on the remaining departure time of vehicles at each occupied charging location; merging the newly added available charging locations in different time periods with the current available charging locations to obtain updated available charging locations; allocating available charging locations to vehicles based on the credit score of the charging vehicles, the matching degree between the newly added intended charging time period and the available time period of the updated available charging locations, and deleting the allocated charging locations from the updated available charging locations to obtain the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods.

[0064] In one embodiment of this application, the process of allocating an available charging location to a charging vehicle based on its credit score, the matching degree between the newly added intended charging time period and the available time period of the updated available charging location is the same as the process of allocating an available charging location to a charging vehicle based on its credit score, the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods. Different time periods can be divided according to a preset time unit, which is set according to actual conditions, for example, 10 minutes.

[0065] In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the billing mode for a charging vehicle based on its charging status includes:

[0066] If the charging status is "reserved but not present for charging", the billing mode is a fixed billing mode. In one embodiment of this application, the fixed billing mode charges the charging vehicle that has not been present for charging according to a preset penalty fee, thereby reducing the resource waste caused by the failure to charge the vehicle after the reservation.

[0067] If the charging status is not charging and the space is occupied, the billing mode is the occupied space billing mode. In one embodiment of this application, the occupied space billing mode operates on the occupied space billing calculation formula, which is as follows:

[0068] Equation (4)

[0069] in, This indicates the time the device remains in place without charging. The occupancy fee is calculated under the following circumstances. This indicates the cost of the first level of penalty. This represents the first linear growth factor of costs per unit time. Indicates the time the device is in use without charging. This represents the first exponential growth coefficient. The second exponential growth factor represents the cost per unit of time.

[0070] If the charging status is "charging in progress," the billing mode is set to the charging billing mode. In one embodiment of this application, the charging billing mode operates on a charging billing calculation formula, which is shown below:

[0071] Equation (5)

[0072] in, Indicates that the charging time is The charging billing is calculated under the following circumstances. This represents the second linear growth factor of costs per unit of time. Indicates charging time. This indicates the duration of free charging, for example, set to 5 minutes, and the second linear growth factor of the cost per unit time. The first linear growth factor less than the cost per unit time .

[0073] If the charging status indicates that the user has not left the charging area after charging, the billing mode is set to the "not left" billing mode. In one embodiment of this application, the "not left" billing mode operates according to the "not left" billing calculation formula, which is as follows:

[0074] Equation (6)

[0075] in, This indicates the duration during which the device remained in the charging area after charging. The non-departure billing calculated under the following circumstances This indicates the cost of the second-level penalty. The third linear growth factor representing the cost per unit of time. Indicates the duration during which the device remained in use after charging. This represents the third index growth coefficient. The fourth exponential growth factor representing the cost per unit time, and the second level of penalty cost. Less than the first level penalty fee The third linear growth factor of costs per unit time The first linear growth factor less than the cost per unit time The third exponential growth coefficient Less than the first exponential growth rate The fourth exponential growth rate of costs per unit time The second exponential growth rate is less than the cost per unit time. .

[0076] In one embodiment of this application, by setting up a occupancy billing calculation formula, a charging billing calculation formula, and a non-departure billing calculation formula, a tiered billing system is implemented for charging vehicles under different charging states. That is, the fee is lowest when charging, higher when charging and not leaving the station, and highest when not charging and occupying the station. This allows for flexible adjustment of the billing mode based on the behavior of the charging vehicle in the highway service area charging station.

[0077] If the charging status changes, the billing mode is set to run sequentially: the billing mode corresponding to the charging status before the change and the billing mode corresponding to the charging status after the change. In one embodiment of this application, if the charging status changes, for example, from charging to a state of not leaving the charging station after charging, the charging billing mode is run first, followed by the not leaving the charging station billing mode. This achieves behavioral constraints on the charging vehicle after charging and strengthens the behavioral constraints on the charging vehicle within the highway service area charging station.

[0078] In one embodiment of this application, if the charging reservation information further includes: a reserved charging location, then the process of credit management of the charging vehicle based on the charging status includes:

[0079] The usage status of a reserved charging location is obtained. In one embodiment of this application, the usage status of the reserved charging location includes: occupied and idle.

[0080] If the usage status changes from occupied to idle, the settlement status of the charging vehicle is obtained after a third preset time threshold. In one embodiment of this application, if the usage status changes from occupied to idle, the charging management system for the highway service area charging station generates a bill, including charging electricity fee, service fee, and parking space occupancy fee (the timing duration and billing formula for different charging statuses need to be clearly defined). After the bill is generated, it can be automatically deducted from the authorized reservation account or OBU account, or it can be paid manually by scanning a payment QR code. The third preset time threshold is set according to the actual situation, for example, 24 hours.

[0081] The credit score is updated based on the settlement status and charging status to achieve credit management of charging vehicles. In one embodiment of this application, the process of updating the credit score based on the settlement status and charging status includes: if the settlement status is "settled", then the number of abnormal behaviors in the charging status is counted, and the updated credit score is calculated based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score; abnormal behaviors in the charging status include: occupying a charging spot without charging, not leaving the site after charging, and failing to arrive for a scheduled charging session; if the settlement status is "not settled", then the number of abnormal behaviors in both the charging and settlement statuses is counted, and the updated credit score is calculated based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score; abnormal behaviors in the settlement status include: leaving the site without settling the payment. The above process, updating the credit score based on the settlement status and charging status, can determine the credit score of charging vehicles based on the monitoring of charging vehicles in highway service area charging stations, realize the quantification of charging vehicle credit, and strengthen the binding force of the credit score on charging vehicles in the process of allocating vacant charging positions for charging vehicles based on the charging vehicle's credit score, the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods, and still have a binding force on the subsequent charging behavior of charging vehicles.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, the process of updating the credit score based on the settlement status and charging status includes:

[0083] If the settlement status is "settled," the number of abnormal behaviors during the charging status is counted. Based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score, an updated credit score is calculated. In one embodiment of this application, the number of abnormal behaviors is the number of defaults. Abnormal behaviors during the charging status include: occupying a charging spot without charging, not leaving after charging, and failing to arrive for a scheduled charging session. The formula for calculating the updated credit score is as follows:

[0084] Equation (7)

[0085] in, This indicates the updated credit score. Indicates the initial credit score. This indicates the weighting coefficient of the ETC identifier. This indicates the ETC identification factor (the ETC identification factor is 1 when there is an ETC identification, and 0 when there is no ETC identification). This indicates the weighting coefficient of the performance record. Indicates the number of performance records. This represents the weighting coefficient for default records. This indicates the number of times a default has been recorded.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, if a charging vehicle charges according to the reserved charging location and reserved charging time period, and leaves the site within the grace period after charging is completed (e.g., within 5 minutes) and completes the payment settlement, then this charging record is recorded as a performance record.

[0087] If the settlement status is unsettled, the number of abnormal behaviors in the charging and settlement states is counted, and the updated credit score is calculated based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score. In one embodiment of this application, the abnormal behaviors in the settlement state include: leaving without settlement. The formula for calculating the updated credit score is shown in formula (7). If the settlement status is unsettled, in addition to the number of abnormal behaviors in the charging state, leaving without settlement is also counted as one abnormal behavior.

[0088] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a charging management method for highway service area charging stations in another exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the charging management method for highway service area charging stations includes: (1) User initiates charging reservation: The user initiates a charging reservation request through the official application, WeChat mini-program or service platform of the charging station; (2) Select credit binding path: Charging vehicles with ETC bind, create and associate an ETC credit account through ETC account binding, and charging vehicles without ETC create a license plate pre-authorization credit account by inputting real-name authentication information, license plate number and setting a credit authorization deposit; (3) When the reservation is successful, the charging management system for highway service area charging stations not only allocates the reserved charging location. 1. During the scheduled charging time period, the "Tiered Parking Space Resource Occupation Fee Rules" will be clearly displayed to users to ensure that users are informed and consent, and to complete the rule pre-implementation from the perspective of law and user experience; (4) When the vehicle enters the identification area (the entrance of the charging station), the on-board unit signal and the license plate number of the charging vehicle will be identified; (5) Credit flow differentiation: if the on-board unit signal of the charging vehicle is identified, it will enter the ETC credit management flow; if only the license plate number of the charging vehicle is identified, it will enter the pre-authorization credit management flow; (6) The parking status of the charging vehicle at the scheduled charging location will be perceived and monitored to obtain parking monitoring information; and the charging vehicle will be monitored to obtain charging monitoring information; (7) Based on the parking monitoring information and charging monitoring information, the charging monitoring information will be obtained. Information, real-time judgment of the charging status of the charging vehicle; (8) If the charging status is not charging and occupying the space (malicious occupation), the billing mode is the occupation billing mode (billing mode C); if the charging status is charging, the billing mode is set to the charging billing mode (billing mode A); if the charging status is not leaving after charging (not leaving after being fully charged), the billing mode is set to the non-leaving billing mode (billing mode B); (9) Determine whether the user initiates the departure settlement. If the user initiates the departure settlement, the payment path is selected: charging vehicles with ETC are automatically deducted through the ETC center, and charging vehicles without ETC are manually paid or paid without password through the pre-authorized credit account; (10) Statistics on the charging status and settlement status. The number of abnormal behaviors in the state, the updated credit score is calculated based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score, and the reserved charging position of the charging vehicle is released; (11) the charging vehicle leaves the charging station and the process ends; (12) if the user initiates the departure without settlement, the charging vehicle is judged to have left the station abnormally; (13) the ETC center reports the arrears information to the center cloud platform, and the center cloud platform restricts the charging vehicle that has left without settlement to subsequent charging; the pre-authorized credit management center adds the license plate number of the charging vehicle that has left without settlement to the blacklist; (14) the process ends abnormally and the recovery mode is started. The recovery mode adopts the method of forced deduction of deposit, initiation of password-free payment deduction, or prompting that there is an outstanding payment when the charging vehicle makes a reservation for charging again.

[0089] This application has the function of monitoring charging vehicles and a charging status feedback and punishment mechanism for charging vehicles. This triggers different billing modes when charging vehicles are in different charging states. After charging is completed, the credit score of the charging vehicle is updated, and charging reservation management, charging location allocation management, and prediction management of available charging locations in different time periods are carried out based on the updated credit score. This ensures that the credit status of charging vehicles is integrated into the entire charging management process, transforming soft constraints such as credit and morality into hard constraints, and ensuring the effectiveness of charging management within the charging station.

[0090] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a charging status judgment and triggering billing mode in an exemplary embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the process of the charging status judgment and triggering billing mode includes: (1) the vehicle enters the reserved charging location, triggering the geomagnetic sensor to monitor the starting time and ending time of the charging vehicle; (2) the camera or industrial camera with an integrated AI vision analysis module is activated, and the image of the charging vehicle is collected through the camera or industrial camera. The AI ​​vision analysis module analyzes the image of the charging vehicle to obtain the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle; (3) if the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle is not connected, it is determined to be malicious occupation, and billing mode C is triggered. The charging management system for the highway service area charging station begins to accumulate fees and pushes messages to the central cloud platform or the reservation account of the charging vehicle; (4) if the charging status is not connected, the charging status is determined to be malicious occupation, and billing mode C is triggered. The charging management system for the highway service area charging station begins to accumulate fees and pushes messages to the central cloud platform or the reservation account of the charging vehicle; (5) If the charging gun and the charging vehicle are connected, the charging pile communication data (such as the real-time output power of the charging gun) is obtained; (6) If the charging gun is connected and the real-time output power of the charging gun is greater than or equal to the preset power threshold, the charging vehicle is determined to be charging and the billing mode A is triggered. The charging management system for the highway service area charging station starts to accumulate fees and pushes messages to the central cloud platform or the reservation account of the charging vehicle; (7) If the charging gun is connected and the charging vehicle is connected, the real-time output power of the charging gun is less than the preset power threshold, the charging vehicle is determined to be charging and not leaving the site, and the billing mode B is triggered. The charging management system for the highway service area charging station starts to accumulate fees and pushes messages to the central cloud platform or the reservation account of the charging vehicle.

[0091] Figure 5 is an exemplary embodiment of the architecture of a charging management system for highway service area charging stations, illustrating an embodiment of this application. In Figure 5, the charging management system for highway service area charging stations includes: a central cloud platform, an edge computing layer, a terminal device layer, and external systems. The central cloud platform includes sub-modules such as a user service and dual-track authentication module, a global scheduling and resource allocation module, a tiered billing rule engine, a unified credit management module, and a settlement and payment gateway. The user service and dual-track authentication module provides a charging reservation entry for charging vehicles, enabling ETC account verification and binding, and pre-authorized credit account activation. The global scheduling and resource allocation module allocates available charging locations to charging vehicles based on the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods when the credit score exceeds a preset threshold, optimizing the parking space reservation quota for each service area. The tiered billing rule engine is used to build configurable billing modes, supporting dynamic pricing for different charging states, charging durations, and vehicle types. The unified credit management module maintains the credit management of all vehicles (ETC accounts). The system manages the credit files of both ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) and non-ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) vehicles, performing credit assessments (e.g., credit score calculation and updates) and restriction policies (e.g., prohibiting charging reservations). The settlement and payment gateway integrates the ETC deduction interface and third-party payment platform (WeChat / Alipay) interfaces to process payment flows for ETC credit accounts and pre-authorized credit accounts. The charging station edge computing unit includes a local real-time control module, a vehicle identity routing module, a state machine engine, and an offline autonomous module. The local real-time control module is responsible for the millisecond-level aggregation and processing of all terminal data within the charging station. The vehicle identity routing module categorizes charging vehicles into either the "ETC management flow" or the "pre-authorized management flow" based on the charging station entrance identification results. The state machine engine maintains the charging status of each vehicle (e.g., "reserved but not entered," "charging," "not left after charging," etc.) and drives the corresponding billing mode to be triggered. The offline autonomous module manages charging vehicles within the charging station based on the last synchronized billing mode, credit list, and credit score when the communication network is interrupted.

[0092] This application eliminates the need for physical barriers, enabling full-process management of charging vehicles in open charging station scenarios (e.g., charging reservation, automatic credit flow assessment, automatic monitoring of vehicles entering the charging area, automatic charging status assessment based on monitoring data, automatic tiered billing based on charging status, automatic settlement status verification, and automatic alarm notifications for unreserved charging vehicles). This significantly improves the turnover rate and utilization efficiency of charging locations in highway service areas, alleviates charging congestion and queue jumping issues during peak periods such as holidays, minimizes manual intervention, and features high resource efficiency and automated management. In cases of abnormal behavior, a combination of tiered billing and credit penalties effectively and enforceably constrains behaviors such as "malicious parking space hogging," reducing the risk of bad debts. A reservation mechanism reduces user anxiety from blindly queuing and waiting, accommodating both ETC-equipped and non-ETC vehicles and enabling seamless payment for both, simplifying the departure process. Full utilization of ETC infrastructure and mobile payment methods allows for management upgrades at a lower cost. Compatibility with both ETC-equipped and non-ETC vehicles ensures the universality and scalability of the charging management system for highway service area charging stations.

[0093] The following describes an embodiment of the apparatus described in this application, which can be used to execute a charging management method for highway service area charging stations as described in the above embodiments of this application. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this application, please refer to the above embodiments of a charging management method for highway service area charging stations described in this application.

[0094] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating a charging management device for a high-speed service area charging station, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0095] As shown in Figure 6, this exemplary charging management device 600 for highway service area charging stations includes:

[0096] The information collection module 601 is used to obtain the credit score and intended charging time period of the charging vehicle.

[0097] The charging reservation module 602 is used to allocate available charging locations to charging vehicles based on credit scores and intended charging time periods, thereby obtaining charging reservation information.

[0098] The information monitoring module 603 is used to monitor the charging vehicle during the scheduled charging period and obtain monitoring information.

[0099] The status determination module 604 is used to determine the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition record and charging reservation information.

[0100] The mode determination module 605 is used to determine the billing mode for the charging vehicle based on the charging status, and to charge the charging vehicle according to the billing mode, so as to realize the charging billing management of the charging vehicle in the charging station of the highway service area; and to perform credit management of the charging vehicle based on the charging status.

[0101] In one embodiment of this application, users can initiate a charging reservation request through a mobile terminal with an official charging station application, WeChat mini-program, or service platform, and input information such as the intended charging time slot for the vehicle. The charging station reservation program assigns an account to each charging vehicle, through which functions such as charging reservation, departure settlement, and payment can be completed. For charging vehicles with ETC, the account is an OBU account, which can directly deduct payment upon departure. For charging vehicles without ETC, a reservation account is opened using the vehicle's license plate number. This reservation account requires a pre-authorized deposit, and settlement deduction is achieved by linking to a third-party payment software. The charging vehicle's credit score is stored in the cloud platform of the highway service area charging station.

[0102] In one embodiment of this application, the charging reservation information includes: a reserved charging time period, a reserved charging location, and the vehicle's identification. Based on the credit score and the intended charging time period, available charging locations are allocated to the vehicle. By considering the vehicle's credit score, the allocation of available charging locations improves the rationality and fairness of charging resource allocation. For example, a vehicle with a higher credit score will have priority access to a more suitable charging location given the same intended charging time period, thus incentivizing vehicle owners to maintain a good credit record. Furthermore, allocating locations based on the intended charging time period better meets the charging needs of vehicles, avoiding situations where charging locations are either idle or overcrowded.

[0103] In one embodiment of this application, the monitoring information includes: parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, and identity recognition records. Parking monitoring information includes: parking duration, parking location, occupied charging location, duration of occupation of the occupied charging location, and charging vehicle at the occupied charging location. Charging monitoring information includes: charging pile output power and connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle. The starting and ending times of parking for the charging vehicle at each charging location are monitored using geomagnetic sensors, thereby determining the parking duration of the charging vehicle at the charging location, the occupied charging location, and the duration of occupation of the occupied charging location. Cameras or industrial cameras with license plate recognition capabilities identify the license plate numbers of charging vehicles parked at each charging location, thus determining the location of the charging vehicle at the occupied charging location (i.e., the parking location of the charging vehicle); the output power of the charging pile is monitored through a power monitoring module; the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle at each charging location is identified through cameras or industrial cameras with charging gun and charging vehicle connection recognition capabilities; and identity recognition records are obtained by identifying the license plate numbers of charging vehicles parked at each charging location through cameras or industrial cameras with license plate recognition capabilities, and by performing ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) recognition on charging vehicles entering the charging station through equipment with ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) recognition capabilities.

[0104] In one embodiment of this application, the charging status includes: scheduled charging but not present, charging in progress, not charging but occupying the space, and not leaving the site after charging. By classifying the charging status, the charging behavior of the charging vehicle is refined, providing a more accurate basis for subsequent billing and credit management.

[0105] In one embodiment of this application, the billing modes include: a pre-booked charging non-attendance billing mode, a spot-occupying billing mode, a charging billing mode, and a non-departure billing mode, etc. Based on credit scores and intended charging time periods, available charging locations are allocated to charging vehicles, realizing automated and intelligent scheduling and management of charging resources in highway service areas that considers credit factors. Furthermore, based on parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, identity recognition records, and charging reservation information, the charging status of charging vehicles is determined. Credit management is implemented for charging vehicles according to their charging status, and different billing modes are adopted for different charging statuses. This improves the flexibility of billing management for charging vehicles, enhances the ability to constrain the behavior of charging vehicles, effectively alleviates congestion caused by charging queues in highway service areas, and improves the travel service experience for drivers.

[0106] In one embodiment of this application, the information monitoring module includes:

[0107] The parking space sensing module is deployed at each charging location to monitor the start and end times of parking for vehicles at each charging location.

[0108] The first image recognition module is used to identify the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle at each charging location; and to identify the parking location number of the charging vehicle.

[0109] The power monitoring module is deployed inside the charging pile to monitor the output power of the charging pile.

[0110] The first real-time control module is used to determine the parking duration of the charging vehicle based on the parking start time and parking end time.

[0111] In one embodiment of this application, the parking space perception module includes: a geomagnetic sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, etc.; the first image recognition module includes: a camera or industrial camera with the function of recognizing the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle, a camera or industrial camera with the function of recognizing the license plate number of the charging vehicle and the parking position number of the charging vehicle, etc.; the power monitoring module includes: an IARM-TC series monitoring module; and the first real-time control module includes a microcontroller, etc.

[0112] In one embodiment of this application, the charging management device for highway service area charging stations further includes:

[0113] The roadside module is deployed at the entrance of the charging station to identify the on-board unit signal of the charging vehicle arriving at the entrance of the charging station, obtain the on-board unit identification information, and determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to the reserved vehicle through the on-board unit identification information.

[0114] The second image recognition module is deployed at the entrance of the charging station to identify the license plate number of the charging vehicle arriving at the entrance of the charging station and obtain the license plate number recognition information to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to the reserved vehicle.

[0115] The second real-time control module is used to merge the vehicle unit identification information and the license plate number identification information to obtain the identity recognition record;

[0116] The settlement module is used to settle fees for charging vehicles with on-board unit signals or charging vehicles without on-board unit signals.

[0117] In one embodiment of this application, the Road Side Unit (RSU) can read vehicle information (e.g., license plate number, VIN code, charging permission, etc.) from the on-board unit in real time via C-V2X (Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything) or 5G communication, and send the vehicle information to the second real-time control module. The second real-time control module compares the vehicle information with the charging reservation information to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to the reserved vehicle (if the vehicle information matches the identity identifier in the charging reservation information, the charging vehicle is determined to be a reserved vehicle; if the vehicle information does not match the identity identifier in the charging reservation information, the charging vehicle is determined not to be a reserved vehicle). The second image recognition module includes a camera or industrial camera with the function of recognizing the license plate number of the charging vehicle. After recognizing the license plate number of the charging vehicle at the entrance of the charging station, the license plate number of the charging vehicle at the entrance of the charging station is sent to the second real-time control module. The second real-time control module compares the license plate number of the charging vehicle at the entrance of the charging station with the charging reservation information to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to the reserved vehicle (if the license plate number of the charging vehicle is consistent with the identity identifier in the charging reservation information, the charging vehicle is determined to be a reserved vehicle; if the license plate number of the charging vehicle is inconsistent with the identity identifier in the charging reservation information, the charging vehicle is determined not to be a reserved vehicle).

[0118] In one embodiment of this application, the charging management device for highway service area charging stations further includes: a charging location guidance module, a voice broadcast module, etc. The charging location guidance module includes: a display screen, which displays the numbers of charging locations within the charging station, facilitating vehicles to quickly reach their reserved charging locations based on these numbers. When the second real-time control module determines that a vehicle is not a reserved vehicle, it controls the voice broadcast module to provide voice prompts to the unreserved vehicle, guiding it to leave the charging station as soon as possible. The first real-time control module and the second real-time control module are both deployed in a microcontroller.

[0119] It should be noted that the charging management device for highway service area charging stations provided in the above embodiments and the charging management method for highway service area charging stations provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific operation methods of each module and unit have been described in detail in the method embodiments and will not be repeated here. In practical applications, the charging management device for highway service area charging stations provided in the above embodiments can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. This is not a limitation here.

[0120] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A charging management method for charging stations in highway service areas, characterized in that, The method includes: obtaining the credit score and intended charging time period of the charging vehicle; allocating an available charging location to the charging vehicle based on the credit score and the intended charging time period to obtain charging reservation information; the charging reservation information includes: reserved charging time period, reserved charging location, and the identity identifier of the charging vehicle; and monitoring the charging vehicle during the reserved charging time period to obtain monitoring information, the monitoring information including: parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, and identity recognition record; the parking monitoring information includes occupied charging locations and the charging vehicles at the occupied charging locations; and based on the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identity recognition record, and the charging reservation... The system obtains information to determine the charging status of the charging vehicle. The charging status includes: scheduled charging but not arrived, charging in progress, not charging but occupying a charging spot, and not leaving the charging station after charging. Based on the charging status, a billing mode for the charging vehicle is determined, and charging fees are charged according to the billing mode to achieve charging fee management for the charging vehicle within the highway service area charging station. Credit management is also implemented for the charging vehicle based on its charging status. The process of determining the billing mode for the charging vehicle based on its charging status includes: if the charging status is scheduled charging but not arrived, the billing mode is a fixed billing mode; if the charging status is not charging but occupying a charging spot, the billing mode is a occupancy-based billing mode. The billing mode is as follows: The occupancy billing mode operates using the occupancy billing calculation formula; if the charging status is "charging in progress," the billing mode is set to the charging billing mode; the charging billing mode operates using the charging billing calculation formula; if the charging status is "charging but not leaving," the billing mode is set to the "not leaving" billing mode; the "not leaving" billing mode operates using the "not leaving" billing calculation formula; if the charging status changes, the billing mode is set to sequentially operate the billing mode corresponding to the charging status before the change and the billing mode corresponding to the charging status after the change; wherein, the process of allocating vacant charging locations to the charging vehicle based on the credit score and the intended charging time period to obtain charging reservation information includes: if the credit score... If the credit score is less than or equal to a preset scoring threshold, charging reservations for the vehicle are prohibited. If the credit score is greater than the preset scoring threshold, available charging locations at the charging station in different time periods are obtained. Based on the matching degree between the intended charging time period and different time periods, available charging locations are allocated to the vehicle, resulting in the reserved charging location and the reserved charging time period. The reserved charging location, the reserved charging time period, and the vehicle's identifier are used as the charging reservation information. The reserved charging time period is the time period with the highest matching degree to the intended charging time period. The reserved charging location is the number corresponding to the available charging location in the reserved charging time period.Before obtaining the available charging locations of the charging station in different time periods, the method further includes: determining the currently available charging locations based on the numbers of the occupied charging locations; predicting the remaining departure time of the charging vehicles at each occupied charging location based on the current time, the charging time period allocated to the charging vehicles at each occupied charging location, and the credit score of the charging vehicles at each occupied charging location, according to the number of each occupied charging location; the formula for calculating the remaining departure time is: ; in, Indicates the first The remaining time that vehicles will be away from charging at each occupied charging location. This indicates the remaining duration of the occupied charging position. Indicates the first The initial credit score of a vehicle charging at an occupied charging location. Indicates the first The credit score of a vehicle charging at an occupied charging location. The time coefficient is represented; the newly added intended charging time period is obtained; based on the remaining departure time of the charging vehicle at each occupied charging location and the newly added intended charging time period, the current idle charging location is updated to obtain the idle charging locations of the charging station in different time periods.

2. The charging management method for highway service area charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the parking monitoring information includes: parking location and parking duration, the charging monitoring information includes: charging pile output power and connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle, and the charging reservation information also includes: reserved charging location and the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, then the process of determining the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identity recognition record, and the charging reservation information includes: if the identity recognition record does not include the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, then the charging vehicle is determined to be in a reserved but not present charging state; if the identity recognition record includes the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, the number of the reserved charging location is inconsistent with the number of the parking location, and the parking duration of the charging vehicle at the parking location is greater than a first preset duration threshold, or if the identity recognition record includes the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, the number of the reserved charging location is inconsistent with the number of the parking location, and the parking duration of the charging vehicle at the parking location is greater than a first preset duration threshold, or if the identity recognition record does not include the parking location, the charging vehicle is determined to be in a reserved but not present charging state; if the identity recognition record includes the identity identifier of the charging vehicle, the number of the reserved charging location is inconsistent with the number of the parking location, and the parking duration of the charging vehicle at the parking location is greater than a first preset duration threshold, or if the parking location is not present, the charging vehicle is determined to be in a reserved but not present charging state; ... If the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the reserved charging location number matches the parking location number, and the connection status is not connected, then the charging status is determined to be not charging and occupying the space; if the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the reserved charging location number matches the parking location number, the connection status is connected, and the charging pile output power is greater than or equal to a preset power threshold, then the charging status is determined to be charging; if the identification record includes the vehicle's identification identifier, the reserved charging location number matches the parking location number, the connection status is connected, and the duration for which the charging pile output power is less than the preset power threshold is greater than a second preset duration threshold, then the charging status is determined to be charging and not leaving the site.

3. The charging management method for highway service area charging stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the charging reservation information further includes: a reserved charging location, then the process of credit management for the charging vehicle based on the charging status includes: obtaining the usage status of the reserved charging location; if the usage status changes from occupied to idle, then obtaining the settlement status of the charging vehicle after a third preset time threshold; and updating the credit score based on the settlement status and the charging status.

4. The charging management method for highway service area charging stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of updating the credit score based on the settlement status and the charging status includes: if the settlement status is "settled", then counting the number of abnormal behaviors in the charging status, and calculating the updated credit score based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score; the abnormal behaviors in the charging status include: occupying a seat without charging, not leaving after charging, and not showing up for a scheduled charging session; if the settlement status is "not settled", then counting the number of abnormal behaviors in both the charging status and the settlement status, and calculating the updated credit score based on the number of abnormal behaviors and the credit score; the abnormal behaviors in the settlement status include: leaving without settling.

5. A charging management device for highway service area charging stations, based on the charging management method for highway service area charging stations according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The device includes: an information acquisition module for acquiring the credit score and intended charging time period of the charging vehicle; a charging reservation module for allocating available charging locations to the charging vehicle based on the credit score and intended charging time period, thereby obtaining charging reservation information, which includes the reserved charging time period; an information monitoring module for monitoring the charging vehicle during the reserved charging time period, thereby obtaining monitoring information, which includes parking monitoring information, charging monitoring information, and identity recognition records; a status determination module for determining the charging status of the charging vehicle based on the parking monitoring information, the charging monitoring information, the identity recognition records, and the charging reservation information, which includes: scheduled charging but not present, charging in progress, not charging but occupying a location, and not leaving after charging; and a mode determination module for determining the billing mode for the charging vehicle based on the charging status, and charging the vehicle according to the billing mode. Electricity billing is used to manage the charging fees of the vehicles at highway service area charging stations. Credit management is implemented for the vehicles based on their charging status. The process of determining the billing mode for the vehicles based on their charging status includes: if the charging status is "reserved but not arrived," the billing mode is a fixed billing mode; if the charging status is "not charging but occupying a charging spot," the billing mode is an "occupied spot billing mode"; the occupied spot billing mode uses an occupied spot billing calculation formula; if the charging status is "charging in progress," the billing mode is set to a charging billing mode; the charging billing mode uses a charging billing calculation formula; if the charging status is "charging completed but not yet left," the billing mode is set to an "not yet left billing mode"; the "not yet left billing mode" uses an "not yet left billing formula"; if the charging status changes, the billing mode is set to sequentially run the billing mode corresponding to the charging status before the change and the billing mode corresponding to the charging status after the change.

6. The charging management device for highway service area charging stations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The information monitoring module includes: a parking space sensing module, deployed at each charging location, for monitoring the start and end times of parking of the charging vehicle at each charging location; a first image recognition module, for identifying the connection status between the charging gun and the charging vehicle at each charging location; and identifying the parking location number of the charging vehicle; a power monitoring module, deployed inside the charging pile, for monitoring the output power of the charging pile; and a first real-time control module, for determining the parking duration of the charging vehicle based on the start and end times of parking.

7. The charging management device for highway service area charging stations according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device further includes: a roadside module deployed at the entrance of the charging station, used to identify the on-board unit signal of a charging vehicle arriving at the entrance of the charging station, and obtain on-board unit identification information, so as to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to a reserved vehicle through the on-board unit identification information; a second image recognition module deployed at the entrance of the charging station, used to identify the license plate number of a charging vehicle arriving at the entrance of the charging station, and obtain license plate number identification information, so as to determine whether the charging vehicle belongs to a reserved vehicle through the license plate number identification information; a second real-time control module, used to merge the on-board unit identification information and the license plate number identification information to obtain the identity recognition record; and a settlement module, used to settle fees for charging vehicles with on-board unit signals or charging vehicles without on-board unit signals.

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