Energy management method, device and equipment of multi-source hybrid power train and medium
By adopting a unified control architecture and closed-loop/open-loop mode switching in multi-source hybrid trains, the problems of DC bus voltage instability and power surges are solved, achieving stable power output and conflict-free energy management.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411131597.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
In multi-source hybrid trains, how to ensure stable DC bus voltage, provide stable power output to the load, and avoid power surges when different energy sources are put into operation?
A unified control architecture is adopted, and the output of each energy source is controlled by switching between closed-loop and open-loop modes of the outer and inner loops, ensuring stable DC bus voltage and avoiding power conflicts.
It achieves stable control of DC bus voltage when multiple energy sources work together, avoids power conflicts, and can adapt to different upper-level requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN121590370A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of train control technology, and in particular to an energy management method, device, equipment, and computer-readable storage medium for a multi-source hybrid train. Background Technology
[0002] Multi-source hybrid trains typically incorporate various energy sources, including overhead contact lines, internal combustion engines, batteries, and fuel cells. These energy sources can be AC (alternating current), such as the overhead contact line (single-phase AC) and the internal combustion engine (three-phase AC). They can also be DC (direct current), such as batteries and fuel cells. To comprehensively utilize these different energy sources, they are generally aggregated via a DC bus. The AC power from the overhead contact line and internal combustion engine is converted to DC power by a rectifier before being connected to the DC bus. When all energy sources are connected in parallel to the DC bus, ensuring stable DC bus voltage to provide a stable power output to the load, and preventing power surges when different energy sources are connected, have become critical technical problems that need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an energy management method, device, equipment, and computer-readable storage medium for a multi-source hybrid train, which can ensure a stable DC bus voltage and provide a stable power output to the load when all energy sources are working individually or together, and can ensure that no power surge occurs when different energy sources are put into operation.
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an energy management method for multi-source hybrid power trains, comprising:
[0005] A target energy source is supplied to the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer control loop and inner control loop; wherein, the outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the output of the corresponding outer control loop;
[0006] When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode. In open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the set value. After the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop.
[0007] Other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of supplied energy sources reaches its maximum. For each newly supplied energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop. Before supplying the next energy source, the control mode of the newly supplied energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0008] In some embodiments, controlling the output of the target energy source according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the target energy source includes:
[0009] The difference between the DC voltage setpoint and the actual DC voltage of the DC bus is input to the pre-stage regulator;
[0010] The output of the preceding regulator is limited to obtain the output of the corresponding outer control loop;
[0011] The output of the outer control loop is used as the setpoint for the inner control loop, and the difference between the setpoint of the inner control loop and the feedback quantity is input to the subsequent regulator; the feedback quantity is power or current.
[0012] The output of the target energy source is controlled based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
[0013] In some embodiments, in open-loop mode, controlling the output of the target energy source according to the corresponding control inner loop includes:
[0014] The difference between the given value of the corresponding control inner loop and the feedback value is input into the subsequent regulator;
[0015] The output of the target energy source is controlled based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
[0016] In some embodiments, the pre-stage regulator and the post-stage regulator are proportional-integral regulators.
[0017] In some embodiments, sequentially supplying other energy sources to the DC bus includes:
[0018] According to the priority of the energy source, other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus.
[0019] In some embodiments, it also includes:
[0020] The energy source is disconnected from the DC bus; wherein, if the control mode of the disconnected energy source is closed-loop mode, the control mode of one of the other activated energy sources is switched to closed-loop mode.
[0021] In some embodiments, disconnecting the energy source from the DC bus includes:
[0022] According to the order in which the energy sources are fed into the DC bus, the energy sources are disconnected from the DC bus in reverse order.
[0023] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid power train, comprising:
[0024] The first control module is used to input the target energy source into the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, control the output of the target energy source according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the target energy source; wherein, the control outer loop is a voltage control loop, and the control inner loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the output of the corresponding control outer loop;
[0025] The second control module is used to switch the control mode of the target energy source to open-loop mode when the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement. In open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the set value. After the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop.
[0026] The sequential input module is used to sequentially input other energy sources to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of input energy sources reaches the maximum. Specifically, for each newly input energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly input energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop. Before inputting the next energy source, the control mode of the newly input energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly input energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0027] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid power train, comprising:
[0028] Memory, used to store computer programs;
[0029] A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train as described above.
[0030] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train as described above.
[0031] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train as described above.
[0032] The energy management method for multi-source hybrid trains provided in this application includes: inputting a target energy source into a DC bus, and controlling the output of the target energy source in closed-loop mode according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop; wherein, the control outer loop is a voltage control loop, and the control inner loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the output of the corresponding control outer loop; when the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power demand, switching the control mode of the target energy source to open-loop mode, and controlling the output of the target energy source in open-loop mode according to the corresponding control inner loop; in open-loop mode, the control... The setpoint of the inner loop is the setpoint value; and after the control mode is switched from closed loop mode to open loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the outer loop; other energy sources are sequentially connected to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of connected energy sources reaches the maximum; wherein, for each newly connected energy source, in closed loop mode, the output of the newly connected energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer loop and inner loop of the newly connected energy source; before connecting the next energy source, the control mode of the newly connected energy source is switched to open loop mode, and in open loop mode, the output of the newly connected energy source is controlled according to the corresponding inner loop.
[0033] As can be seen, the energy management method for multi-source hybrid trains provided in this application adopts a unified control architecture for multiple energy sources, with each energy source having a corresponding outer control loop and inner control loop. The outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a current control loop or a power control loop. When multiple energy sources are connected to the DC bus, only one energy source operates in closed-loop mode, meaning only one energy source is controlled according to its corresponding outer and inner control loops, while other energy sources are controlled according to their corresponding inner control loops. This achieves stable control of the DC bus voltage, eliminates conflicts between the control of multiple energy sources, and automatically switches the control modes of different energy sources during power changes without causing power conflicts. Furthermore, this energy management method can adapt to different upper-level requirements.
[0034] The energy management device, equipment, and computer-readable storage medium for the multi-source hybrid train provided in this application all have the aforementioned technical effects. Attached Figure Description
[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0036] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train provided in this application embodiment;
[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of different energy sources for a multi-cloud hybrid train provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a unified control architecture for an energy converter provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The core of this application is to provide an energy management method, device, equipment, and computer-readable storage medium for a multi-source hybrid train, which can ensure a stable DC bus voltage and provide a stable power output to the load when all energy sources are working individually or together, and can ensure that no power surge occurs when different energy sources are put into operation.
[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:
[0044] S101: Input the target energy source into the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, control the output of the target energy source according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the target energy source; wherein, the control outer loop is a voltage control loop, and the control inner loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the output of the corresponding control outer loop;
[0045] S102: When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode. In open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the set value. After the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop.
[0046] S103: Other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of supplied energy sources reaches its maximum. For each newly supplied energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop. Before supplying the next energy source, the control mode of the newly supplied energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0047] The energy sources for multi-source hybrid trains can take many forms, such as power grids (both AC and DC), generators (internal combustion engines or other types of generators), fuel cells, batteries, supercapacitors, and renewable energy sources like photovoltaics and wind power. Examples are provided below. Figure 2 As shown, the energy sources of the multi-source hybrid train include four types: the power grid, generators, fuel cells, and batteries. Each of these four energy sources has a corresponding energy converter. The energy converter for AC energy sources is a rectifier, while the energy converter for DC energy sources is a DC / DC converter.
[0048] Controlling the output of an energy source is achieved by controlling the corresponding energy converter. The control architecture of the energy converter for each energy source adopts the following... Figure 3 The control architecture is shown. The control methods for each energy converter include closed-loop mode and open-loop mode.
[0049] In closed-loop mode, the energy converter is controlled by the outer and inner control loops. The outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and in closed-loop mode, the input to the inner control loop is the output of the outer control loop. The inner control loop can be either a current control loop or a power control loop. In open-loop mode, the energy converter is controlled by the inner control loop. In open-loop mode, the input to the inner control loop is a pre-defined setpoint.
[0050] The target energy source is activated, and at this point, only one energy source is connected to the DC bus. For this target energy source, initially in closed-loop mode, the energy converter of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer and inner control loops. When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power demand, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the energy converter of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding inner control loop. Specifically, for the target energy source, after the control mode is switched from closed-loop to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding inner control loop is equal to the maximum output of the corresponding outer control loop.
[0051] The target energy source is the energy source that should be prioritized. The specific type of the target energy source can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, the target energy source could be the power grid.
[0052] When the target energy source cannot meet the load power demand, other energy sources must be sequentially introduced to supplement the insufficient power until the load power demand is met or the maximum number of introduced energy sources is reached. The order in which these other energy sources are introduced can also be adjusted according to the actual situation. For example, the order of introducing other energy sources could be generator, fuel cell, and battery. If the power grid cannot meet the load power demand, the generator is introduced first. If the generator still cannot meet the load power demand, then the fuel cell is introduced, and so on.
[0053] For each newly introduced energy source, the control method is basically the same as that for the target energy source. Specifically, for a newly introduced energy source, initially in closed-loop mode, the energy converter is controlled according to the corresponding outer and inner control loops. When the output of the newly introduced energy source reaches its maximum and still fails to meet the load power demand, the control mode of the newly introduced energy source is switched to open-loop mode. In open-loop mode, the energy converter of the newly introduced energy source is controlled according to the corresponding inner control loop. Similarly, for a newly introduced energy source, after switching from closed-loop to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding inner control loop is equal to the maximum output of the corresponding outer control loop.
[0054] Since only one of the multiple energy sources that are put into operation simultaneously is in closed-loop control mode, meaning that only one energy source's output is controlled by the corresponding outer control loop (voltage control loop) and inner control loop, stable control of the DC bus voltage can be ensured, and there is no conflict between the control of multiple energy sources.
[0055] Among all energy sources operating in parallel, those with open-loop control have arbitrarily controllable power outputs. Their output power can be adjusted to a lower value, and energy sources operating in closed-loop mode will automatically compensate. When an energy source in closed-loop mode reaches its maximum output capacity, it can switch to open-loop mode, thus maintaining arbitrarily controllable output power. When multiple energy sources operate together, only one source is always controlled in closed-loop mode, while the others are controlled in open-loop mode. This ensures that all energy sources meet the total power demand, the DC bus voltage remains controllable, and there is no mutual interference between the control of multiple energy sources.
[0056] In some embodiments, controlling the output of the target energy source according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the target energy source includes:
[0057] The difference between the DC voltage setpoint and the actual DC voltage of the DC bus is input to the pre-stage regulator;
[0058] The output of the preceding regulator is limited to obtain the output of the corresponding outer control loop;
[0059] The output of the outer control loop is used as the setpoint for the inner control loop, and the difference between the setpoint of the inner control loop and the feedback quantity is input to the subsequent regulator; the feedback quantity is power or current.
[0060] The output of the target energy source is controlled based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
[0061] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the outer loop reference is the DC voltage reference U. dref With actual DC voltage U d The difference is used as an error signal input to the pre-regulator, which processes this error information. The output of the pre-regulator is then limited and used to control the power output or current output of the inner control loop. Figure 3 Signal A represents the output signal of the upstream regulator after output limiting, which is the setpoint of the control inner loop in closed-loop mode. Figure 3 Signal B, the inner loop setpoint, is the setpoint value used to control the inner loop in open-loop mode. The open-loop / closed-loop selection switch controls whether the preceding control stage operates in closed-loop or open-loop mode.
[0062] In closed-loop mode, the output of other energy sources that are subsequently introduced is controlled in the same way, and will not be elaborated here.
[0063] In some embodiments, in open-loop mode, controlling the output of the target energy source according to the corresponding control inner loop includes:
[0064] The difference between the given value of the corresponding control inner loop and the feedback value is input into the subsequent regulator;
[0065] The output of the target energy source is controlled based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
[0066] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the difference between the setpoint and feedback value of the inner control loop is input to the subsequent regulator, which processes the difference and outputs a control signal.
[0067] The meaning of signal A varies depending on the type of energy converter. For example, for an energy converter corresponding to a power grid, signal A is the current setpoint signal for the control inner loop, which can be either an AC or DC quantity. For an energy converter corresponding to a generator, signal A is the setpoint value for the generator's output power or excitation current. For energy converters corresponding to fuel cells and batteries, signal A is the setpoint value for the battery's output current or power value. Signal B has the same properties as signal A.
[0068] The difference between the setpoint and the feedback value in the inner control loop is input to the subsequent regulator, which outputs a control signal. The feedback value maintains the same properties as signals A and B, and can be either the actual output power or the actual output current of the energy source. Since signal A is a limited signal and signal B is the setpoint directly input in open-loop mode, the primary function of the subsequent regulator is to limit the output power or output current of the energy source, ensuring that the output does not exceed the maximum allowable power or current value.
[0069] The output properties of the downstream regulator differ depending on the type of energy converter. For example, in a power grid, the energy converter uses a rectifier, and the output of the downstream regulator is the rectifier's control signal (e.g., a PWM pulse, or a regulating switch signal to boost AC voltage). In a generator, the energy converter uses a rectifier, and the output of the downstream regulator is the rectifier's control signal (e.g., a PWM pulse for a bidirectional converter, and a firing angle for a phase-controlled rectifier). In fuel cells and batteries, the energy converter uses a DC / DC converter, and the output of the downstream regulator is the DC / DC converter's control signal (e.g., a PWM pulse).
[0070] In some embodiments, the upstream regulator and the downstream regulator are proportional-integral (PI) regulators. Alternatively, the upstream regulator and the downstream regulator can be other regulators, such as PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) regulators.
[0071] In some embodiments, sequentially supplying other energy sources to the DC bus includes:
[0072] According to the priority of the energy source, other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus.
[0073] Different energy sources are pre-set with corresponding priorities. When energy sources are supplied to the DC bus in sequence, they are supplied according to their priorities. Generally, higher priority sources are supplied first, and lower priority sources are supplied later.
[0074] The following describes a specific implementation method using a multi-source hybrid train as an example, where the energy sources include the power grid, generator, fuel cell, and battery: the power grid, generator, fuel cell, and battery are labeled N1, N2, N3, and N4, respectively. Energy source N1 is prioritized for operation, and a closed-loop mode is adopted for energy source N1. Figure 2 The open-loop / closed-loop selection switch is set to position A. As the power increases, the pre-amplifier reaches the limiting threshold of signal A, indicating that energy source N1 has reached its maximum output capacity, the pre-amplifier is in saturation, and the outer control loop automatically fails. As the load power further increases, the outer control loop becomes ineffective, and the inner control loop takes over.
[0075] When the pre-regulator is in saturation, the outer control loop automatically fails, and the energy source N1 is in maximum output mode. At this time, the open-loop / closed-loop selection switch can be flexibly switched to position A or position B according to the upper-level command. When switching from position A to position B, the initial value given by the inner loop remains consistent with the maximum limit threshold. Then, it can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the upper-level command. At this time, there is no impact on the adjustment of the power of the energy source N1.
[0076] First, the power source N1 is switched to a state where its power is arbitrarily controllable. Then, power source N2 is switched on. The control method for power source N2 is basically the same as when N1 was switched on. Again, the DC voltage is first controlled by the pre-regulator. At this time, power source N1 outputs its maximum power, and power source N2 supplements the remaining power. If the sum of their power outputs meets the upper layer's total power requirement for the power sources, then N3 and N4 are not switched on. If the output of power source N2 reaches its maximum, and the sum of the power outputs of power sources N1 and N2 does not meet the upper layer's total power requirement for the power sources, then the control method of power source N2 switches to open-loop mode, and then power source N3 is switched on. This process continues.
[0077] Among all energy sources operating in parallel, those with open-loop control have arbitrarily controllable power outputs. Their output power can be adjusted to a very small value, and other energy sources operating in closed-loop mode will automatically compensate for the power loss until the closed-loop energy source reaches its maximum output capacity. At this point, it can also switch to open-loop mode, allowing for arbitrarily controllable output power. When multiple energy sources operate together, only one energy source is always controlled in closed-loop mode, while the others are controlled in open-loop mode. This ensures that all energy sources meet the total power demand, the DC bus voltage remains controllable, and there is no mutual interference between the control of multiple energy sources.
[0078] When some energy sources do not have corresponding energy converters and are directly connected to the DC bus, the energy source will output at its maximum power by default.
[0079] In some embodiments, it also includes:
[0080] The energy source is disconnected from the DC bus; wherein, if the control mode of the disconnected energy source is closed-loop mode, the control mode of one of the other activated energy sources is switched to closed-loop mode.
[0081] As the load power decreases, when it is necessary to disconnect an energy source from the DC bus, the energy source to be disconnected can be selected from the energy sources already connected to the DC bus. If the control mode for disconnecting the energy source is closed-loop mode, then the control mode of one of the other connected energy sources needs to be switched to closed-loop mode to ensure that at least one of the connected energy sources is in closed-loop mode.
[0082] In some embodiments, disconnecting the energy source from the DC bus includes:
[0083] According to the order in which the energy sources are fed into the DC bus, the energy sources are disconnected from the DC bus in reverse order.
[0084] This embodiment uses a reverse order to disconnect energy sources from the DC bus, based on the sequence in which they are connected to the DC bus; that is, energy sources connected first are disconnected last. For example, the power grid, generator, and battery are connected in sequence. When disconnecting an energy source, the battery is disconnected first. If it is still necessary to disconnect an energy source after disconnecting the battery, the generator is then disconnected.
[0085] Energy flow typically involves multiple energy sources jointly supplying power to a load. In some cases, there may be energy form conversions between these sources, such as converting grid power into battery power or converting diesel generator power into battery power. The energy management method proposed in this application also applies to energy form conversions between multiple energy sources.
[0086] In summary, the energy management method for multi-source hybrid trains provided in this application adopts a unified control architecture for multiple energy sources, with each energy source having a corresponding outer control loop and an inner control loop. The outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a current control loop or a power control loop. When multiple energy sources are connected to the DC bus, only one energy source operates in closed-loop mode, meaning only one energy source is controlled according to its corresponding outer and inner control loops, while other energy sources are controlled according to their corresponding inner control loops. This achieves stable control of the DC bus voltage, eliminates conflicts between the control of multiple energy sources, and automatically switches the control modes of different energy sources during power changes without causing power conflicts. Furthermore, this energy management method can adapt to different upper-level requirements. For example, it may require certain energy sources to be prioritized, with other energy sources supplementing when those are fully utilized; or it may require certain energy sources to output power according to commands; or it may require certain energy sources to meet low-frequency load fluctuations while others meet high-frequency load fluctuations.
[0087] This application also provides an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train, which is described below and can be referred to in conjunction with the method described above. Please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes:
[0088] The first control module 10 is used to input a target energy source into the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, control the output of the target energy source according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the target energy source; wherein, the control outer loop is a voltage control loop, and the control inner loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the output of the corresponding control outer loop;
[0089] The second control module 20 is used to switch the control mode of the target energy source to open-loop mode when the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement. In open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the set value. After the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop.
[0090] The sequential input module 30 is used to sequentially input other energy sources to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of input energy sources reaches the maximum. In closed-loop mode, for each newly input energy source, the output of the newly input energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop. Before inputting the next energy source, the control mode of the newly input energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly input energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0091] Based on the above embodiments, as a specific implementation method, the first control module 10 includes:
[0092] The first difference calculation unit is used to input the difference between the DC voltage setpoint and the actual DC voltage of the DC bus into the pre-stage regulator;
[0093] A limiting unit is used to limit the output of the front-stage regulator to obtain the output of the corresponding control outer loop.
[0094] The second difference calculation unit is used to take the output of the outer control loop as the setpoint of the inner control loop, and input the difference between the setpoint of the inner control loop and the feedback quantity into the subsequent regulator; the feedback quantity is power or current.
[0095] The first control unit is used to control the output of the target energy source based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
[0096] Based on the above embodiments, as a specific implementation method, the second control module 20 includes:
[0097] The third difference calculation unit is used to input the difference between the given value of the corresponding control inner loop and the feedback quantity into the subsequent regulator;
[0098] The second control unit is used to control the output of the target energy source based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
[0099] Based on the above embodiments, as a specific implementation method, the pre-stage regulator and the post-stage regulator are proportional-integral regulators.
[0100] Based on the above embodiments, as a specific implementation method, the first delivery module 30 is specifically used for:
[0101] According to the priority of the energy source, other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus.
[0102] Based on the above embodiments, as a specific implementation method, it further includes:
[0103] The disconnection module is used to disconnect an energy source from the DC bus; wherein, if the control mode of the disconnected energy source is closed-loop mode, the control mode of one of the other activated energy sources is switched to closed-loop mode.
[0104] Based on the above embodiments, as a specific implementation method, the cut-off module is specifically used for:
[0105] According to the order in which the energy sources are fed into the DC bus, the energy sources are disconnected from the DC bus in reverse order.
[0106] This application also provides an energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train, referenced in... Figure 5 As shown, the device includes a memory 1 and a processor 2.
[0107] Memory 1 is used to store computer programs;
[0108] Processor 2 is used to execute computer programs to perform the following steps:
[0109] A target energy source is supplied to the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer and inner control loops. The outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a power control loop or a current control loop. In closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the output of the corresponding outer control loop. When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding inner control loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the setpoint value. Furthermore, after the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop; other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of supplied energy sources reaches the maximum; for each newly supplied energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the newly supplied energy source; before supplying the next energy source, the control mode of the newly supplied energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0110] For a description of the equipment provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments; further details will not be provided here.
[0111] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can perform the following steps:
[0112] A target energy source is supplied to the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer and inner control loops. The outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a power control loop or a current control loop. In closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the output of the corresponding outer control loop. When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding inner control loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the setpoint value. Furthermore, after the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop; other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of supplied energy sources reaches the maximum; for each newly supplied energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the newly supplied energy source; before supplying the next energy source, the control mode of the newly supplied energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0113] The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.
[0114] For a description of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments; further details will not be repeated here.
[0115] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:
[0116] A target energy source is supplied to the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer and inner control loops. The outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a power control loop or a current control loop. In closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the output of the corresponding outer control loop. When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding inner control loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the setpoint value. Furthermore, after the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop; other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of supplied energy sources reaches the maximum; for each newly supplied energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the newly supplied energy source; before supplying the next energy source, the control mode of the newly supplied energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
[0117] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatuses, devices, and computer-readable storage media disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant details can be found in the method section.
[0118] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0119] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
[0120] The energy management method, apparatus, equipment, and computer-readable storage medium for multi-source hybrid trains provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. An energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train, characterized in that, include: A target energy source is supplied to the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding outer control loop and inner control loop; wherein, the outer control loop is a voltage control loop, and the inner control loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the inner control loop is the output of the corresponding outer control loop; When the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement, the control mode of the target energy source is switched to open-loop mode. In open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the set value. After the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop. Other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of supplied energy sources reaches its maximum. For each newly supplied energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop. Before supplying the next energy source, the control mode of the newly supplied energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly supplied energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
2. The energy management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the output of the target energy source according to the outer control loop and the inner control loop corresponding to the target energy source includes: The difference between the DC voltage setpoint and the actual DC voltage of the DC bus is input to the pre-stage regulator; The output of the preceding regulator is limited to obtain the output of the corresponding outer control loop; The output of the outer control loop is used as the setpoint for the inner control loop, and the difference between the setpoint of the inner control loop and the feedback quantity is input to the subsequent regulator; the feedback quantity is power or current. The output of the target energy source is controlled based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
3. The energy management method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In open-loop mode, controlling the output of the target energy source according to the corresponding inner control loop includes: The difference between the given value of the corresponding control inner loop and the feedback value is input into the subsequent regulator; The output of the target energy source is controlled based on the output of the subsequent regulator.
4. The energy management method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preceding regulator and the following regulator are proportional-integral regulators.
5. The energy management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sequential supply of other energy sources to the DC bus includes: According to the priority of the energy source, other energy sources are sequentially supplied to the DC bus.
6. The energy management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The energy source is disconnected from the DC bus; wherein, if the control mode of the disconnected energy source is closed-loop mode, the control mode of one of the other activated energy sources is switched to closed-loop mode.
7. The energy management method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Disconnecting the energy source from the DC bus includes: According to the order in which the energy sources are fed into the DC bus, the energy sources are disconnected from the DC bus in reverse order.
8. An energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train, characterized in that, include: The first control module is used to input the target energy source into the DC bus, and in closed-loop mode, control the output of the target energy source according to the control outer loop and control inner loop corresponding to the target energy source; wherein, the control outer loop is a voltage control loop, and the control inner loop is a power control loop or a current control loop; in closed-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the output of the corresponding control outer loop; The second control module is used to switch the control mode of the target energy source to open-loop mode when the output of the target energy source reaches its maximum and fails to meet the load power requirement. In open-loop mode, the output of the target energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop. In open-loop mode, the setpoint of the control inner loop is the set value. After the control mode is switched from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode, the setpoint of the corresponding control inner loop is equal to the maximum output of the control outer loop. The sequential input module is used to sequentially input other energy sources to the DC bus until the load power requirement is met or the number of input energy sources reaches the maximum. Specifically, for each newly input energy source, in closed-loop mode, the output of the newly input energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control outer loop and control inner loop. Before inputting the next energy source, the control mode of the newly input energy source is switched to open-loop mode, and in open-loop mode, the output of the newly input energy source is controlled according to the corresponding control inner loop.
9. An energy management device for a multi-source hybrid train, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the energy management method for a multi-source hybrid train as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.