Blood culture detection system and detection method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a blood culture detection system and a detection method thereof, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining and processing a detection signal of a blood sample through a controller to obtain first information, and obtaining related second information for representing metabolism of blood cells in a culture medium at the same time; and obtaining third information related to the growth of the microorganisms based on the first information and the second information. On one hand, the first information is judged according to the first preset condition so as to detect normally growing microorganisms. On the other hand, third information obtained on the basis of the first information and the second information is judged through a second preset condition, so that whether slowly-growing microorganisms exist in the sample or not is judged; the blood culture detection system can effectively solve the technical problem of missing detection caused by the fact that positive results cannot be detected in the maximum culture time due to slow growth of slow-growing microorganisms in the prior art, the accuracy of the blood culture detection system is remarkably improved, and the missing detection phenomenon is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to blood culture detection systems and detection methods thereof. Background Technology

[0002] A blood culture testing system is a microbiological detection device used to detect the presence of bacteria in blood samples. It plays a crucial role in determining the presence of bacteria in a patient's blood for accurate diagnosis. During use, blood culture testing institutions incubate and test blood samples. For example, by incubating and detecting the blood sample, they obtain a microbial growth curve, which doctors can use to make a diagnosis. Current blood culture testing institutions can analyze the microbial growth curve and obtain test results (e.g., automatically determining whether a sample is positive or negative).

[0003] Blood culture testing systems typically have a maximum incubation time. If a positive result is obtained through microbial growth curve analysis before the maximum incubation time is reached, a positive report is output. If no positive result is detected before the maximum incubation time is reached, a negative report is output. However, some slow-growing microorganisms require specific nutrients for growth, and the culture flask may not adequately meet their needs. This can lead to slow microbial growth, and even after reaching the maximum incubation time, a positive result may still not be detected through microbial growth curve analysis, resulting in missed diagnoses. This can significantly impact subsequent patient treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail in this application. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] This application provides a blood culture detection system and method, which can effectively improve the detection capability of slow-growing microorganisms and reduce missed detections.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0007] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0008] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect blood samples and generate a detection signal for the blood samples;

[0009] Controller, used for:

[0010] Acquire and process the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0011] To obtain secondary information related to characterizing the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium of the blood sample container;

[0012] Based on the first and second information, a third piece of information is obtained that relates to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

[0013] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive.

[0014] If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the blood sample's detection status is marked and output as positive.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, a controller acquires and processes the detection signal of a blood sample to obtain first information, and simultaneously acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium. Based on the first and second information, third information related to microbial growth is obtained. On one hand, the first information is judged according to a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms. On the other hand, the third information obtained based on the first and second information is judged according to a second preset condition to determine whether slow-growing microorganisms exist in the sample. This effectively solves the technical problem in the prior art where slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, leading to missed detections. This significantly improves the accuracy of the blood culture detection system and reduces missed detections.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0017] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0018] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect blood samples and generate a detection signal for the blood samples;

[0019] Controller, used for:

[0020] Acquire and process the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0021] To obtain secondary information related to characterizing the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium of the blood sample container;

[0022] Based on the first and second information, a third piece of information is obtained that relates to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and simultaneously acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium. Based on the first and second information, third information related to microbial growth is obtained. The third information can be used to observe the microbial growth status after the influence of blood cell metabolism is eliminated, providing a more reliable basis for doctors' diagnosis and analysis of the blood culture detection system.

[0024] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, characterized in that it includes:

[0025] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0026] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0027] Controller, used for:

[0028] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0029] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0030] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0031] Based on the third information, the system may prompt the user to extend the culture period or automatically extend the culture period.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and simultaneously acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium. Based on the first and second information, third information related to microbial growth is obtained, and a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended according to the third information. By analyzing the growth status of microorganisms after removing the influence of blood cell metabolism, it is intelligently determined whether the culture time needs to be extended. This can effectively solve the technical problem in the prior art that slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, resulting in missed detection. It avoids the possibility of early termination of culture and missed detection of slow-growing microorganisms caused by traditional fixed culture time, and significantly improves the detection rate of slow-growing microorganisms in the blood culture detection system, providing more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0033] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, characterized in that it includes:

[0034] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0035] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0036] Controller, used for:

[0037] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0038] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the first preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample; if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0039] Alternatively, if the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition but meets the fourth preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is issued to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or,

[0040] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition and does not meet the fourth preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and judges the first information according to a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms. In addition, the first information is judged according to a fourth preset condition based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample to detect slow-growing microorganisms. This can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, resulting in missed detections. This significantly improves the accuracy of the blood culture detection system and reduces missed detections.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is judged based on a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms and promptly mark them as positive. In another embodiment, when the culture time reaches the end of a first preset time period, the first information is judged based on a fourth preset condition. If the fourth preset condition is met, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended; if the condition is not met, it is marked as negative. This intelligent extended culture mechanism avoids the early termination of culture that may occur with traditional fixed culture time. It effectively solves the technical problem in the prior art where slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, leading to missed detections. This significantly improves the detection rate of slow-growing microorganisms in the blood culture detection system, reduces missed detections, and provides more accurate and reliable test results for clinical diagnosis.

[0043] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, characterized in that it includes:

[0044] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0045] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0046] Controller, used for:

[0047] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0048] If the first information satisfies the preset model within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0049] Alternatively, if the first information does not satisfy the preset model when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0050] Alternatively, if the first information within a first preset time period conforms to a preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended, wherein the preset model is a model established based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and uses a preset model based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample to judge the first information. When the first information meets the preset model, it is marked and the detection status is output as positive. When the first information does not meet the preset model at the end of the first preset time period, the detection status is marked as negative or negative to date. This can effectively solve the problem of missed detection in the prior art due to the slow growth of slow-growing microorganisms, which cannot be detected within the maximum culture time. By considering the influence of blood cell metabolism on the detection signal, the preset model significantly improves the accuracy of the blood culture detection system in identifying different types of microorganisms, reduces the phenomenon of missed detection, and provides more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, a preset model based on the influence of blood cell metabolism in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample is used to judge the first information. When the first information within a first preset time period meets the preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended. By intelligently judging the need for extended culture, the problem of early termination of culture that may be caused by traditional fixed culture time, which may result in the inability to identify slow-growing microorganisms, is avoided. This significantly improves the detection rate of slow-growing microorganisms in the blood culture detection system, reduces missed detections, and provides more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0053] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, characterized in that it includes:

[0054] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0055] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0056] Controller, used for:

[0057] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0058] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0059] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0060] If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, a controller acquires and processes the detection signal of a blood sample to obtain first information, acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium, and obtains third information related to microbial growth based on the first and second information. On the one hand, the first information is judged by a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms. On the other hand, the third information obtained based on the first and second information is judged by a second preset condition. When the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status is marked as negative or negative to date. By excluding the influence of blood cell metabolism, the accuracy of negative results can be improved, providing more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0062] Seventhly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, characterized in that it includes:

[0063] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0064] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0065] Controller, used for:

[0066] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0067] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0068] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0069] If the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive; or, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, a controller acquires and processes the detection signal of a blood sample to obtain first information, acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium, and obtains third information related to microbial growth based on the first and second information. The third information obtained based on the first and second information is judged by a second preset condition. In one embodiment, if the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status is marked and output as positive. In another embodiment, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status is marked as negative or negative. By judging microbial detection based on the third information after excluding the influence of blood cell metabolism, the problem of missed detection caused by slow-growing microorganisms being unable to be detected within the maximum culture time in the prior art can be effectively solved. This significantly improves the accuracy of microbial detection in blood culture detection systems, reduces missed detections, and provides more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0071] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0072] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0073] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0074] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0075] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0076] If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0077] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0078] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0079] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0080] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0081] Control the display to show the third information.

[0082] Tenthly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0083] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0084] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0085] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0086] Based on the third information, the system may prompt the user to extend the culture period or automatically extend the culture period.

[0087] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0088] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0089] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the first preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample; if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0090] Alternatively, if the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition but meets the fourth preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is issued to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or,

[0091] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition and does not meet the fourth preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0092] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0093] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0094] If the first information satisfies the preset model within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0095] Alternatively, if the first information does not satisfy the preset model when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0096] Alternatively, if the first information within a first preset time period conforms to a preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended, wherein the preset model is a model established based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0097] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0098] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0099] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0100] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0101] If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0102] In a fourteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0103] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0104] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0105] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0106] If the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive; or, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative.

[0107] In a fifteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory and a control component. The memory stores a computer program, and the control component executes the computer program to implement the sample detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0108] In a sixteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: when applied to a production line system, the computer program, when executed by a control component, implements the sample detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0109] In a seventeenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A control component of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the sample detection method of any of the above embodiments.

[0110] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the embodiments of this application. The objects and other advantages of the embodiments of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0111] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0112] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a reflectance curve provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0113] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reflectance curve provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 3 This is a system principle block diagram of a sample culture system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of a sample culture system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reflectance curve provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0117] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the working principle of a sample culture system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0118] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an extended culture interface provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0119] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The described embodiments should not be considered as limitations on the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0120] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0121] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0122] When a person suffers from bloodstream infection-related diseases such as bacteremia or fungemia, it is necessary to collect blood and perform blood cultures as soon as possible. Currently, blood culture remains the gold standard for diagnosing bloodstream infections. Since the treatment and prognosis of patients with bloodstream infections are closely related to the timeliness of diagnosis, and blood culture is the first step in determining whether a bloodstream infection is positive or negative, the time it takes for the report is crucial for the patient's treatment. Blood culture testing institutions incubate and test blood samples during the process. For example, by incubating and testing the blood sample, they obtain a microbial growth curve, which doctors can use to make a diagnosis. Current blood culture testing institutions can analyze the microbial growth curve and obtain test results (e.g., automatically determining whether a sample is positive or negative).

[0123] The determination of a positive blood culture sample relies on identifying characteristics such as the rate of change of the detection signal curve (point-to-point change, change in curve area, change in slope, and change in absolute reflectance). The basic principle of these methods is that microbial growth occurs in an exponential growth phase, during which reflectance shows a significant increase / accelerated growth trend, manifested as a pronounced "rise" on the reflectance curve. In the detection process, if a positive result is obtained through microbial growth curve analysis before the maximum culture time is reached, a positive report is output. If no positive result is detected before the maximum culture time is reached, a negative report is output. However, for some slow-growing microorganisms that require specific nutrients for growth, the culture flask may not adequately meet their needs. This results in slow microbial growth, and even when the maximum culture time is reached, a positive result may not be detected by the microbial growth curve, leading to missed detections and significantly impacting subsequent patient treatment.

[0124] Since blood culture involves collecting blood as a sample, and blood contains a large number of blood cells, the metabolism of which produces acidic substances such as carbon dioxide, and bacterial metabolism also produces acidic substances such as carbon dioxide, these factors can cause changes in the sensor signal at the bottom of the flask. Therefore, the metabolic activity of blood cells can act as an interfering factor, affecting the instrument's interpretation of bacterial growth. When bacterial metabolism is significant in the culture flask, the interference from blood cell metabolism is not significant and does not affect the positive detection. See, for example... Figure 1 As shown, curve A is the detection signal obtained by the detection module, curve B is the microbial growth curve in the detection signal, and curve C is the metabolic curve. Curve A is obtained by superimposing curves B and C. Figure 1The microbial growth curve B in the image shows a rapid growth rate and a large range of variation, therefore... Figure 1 The middle curve A can trigger a positive report at time T3.

[0125] However, some microorganisms grow slowly, such as dimorphic fungi, filamentous fungi, and mycobacteria. Others require specific nutrients that the culture flask cannot adequately provide, such as some fastidious bacteria like Bartonella, Listeria, Brucella, and Nocardia. When these microorganisms metabolize slowly in the culture flask, the metabolic activity of blood cells significantly interferes, noticeably affecting the accuracy and timing of positive results. For slow-growing microorganisms, their slow growth before reaching the maximum culture time (the shortest culture time required for clinically labeled and output blood samples as negative) results in smaller curve velocity / point-to-point changes / curve area changes / slope changes / absolute reflectance values, leading to greater interference from blood cell metabolism. Therefore, it is difficult to observe the effect of microbial growth on the curve shape before reaching the maximum culture time. See, for example... Figure 2 As shown, curve A is the detection signal obtained by the detection module, curve B is the microbial growth curve in the detection signal, and curve C is the cell metabolism signal curve. Curve A can be obtained by superimposing curves B and C. Figure 1 Microbial growth curve B shows slower growth. Simply analyzing detection signal curve A does not clarify whether the increase in the value of detection signal curve A is due to microbial growth or cellular metabolic signals, thus making it impossible to determine the underlying cause. Figure 2 The detection signal curve A in the image is used to determine whether microorganisms are present in the sample.

[0126] The existing algorithm cannot distinguish between blood metabolic characteristics and bacterial growth characteristics, requiring a balance between accurate positive reporting and avoiding false positives. Therefore, the algorithm's specificity and sensitivity are both low. When microorganisms are present in the culture flask and are growing slowly, the instrument's positive reporting time is slow, resulting in prolonged positive reporting periods and delays in timely treatment for patients. In some cases, the instrument may fail to report a positive result even when the maximum culture time has been reached, easily leading to missed detections of slow-growing bacteria and significantly impacting subsequent patient treatment.

[0127] In the first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system and its detection method, which can effectively improve the detection capability of slow-growing microorganisms and reduce missed detections.

[0128] See Figure 3The diagram illustrates a blood culture detection system 100 provided in one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, comprising an incubation module 110, a detection module 120, a shaking module 130, a controller 140, and a display 150. The detection module 120 is used to detect samples loaded in the incubation module 110. The controller 140 is connected to the incubation module 110, the detection module 120, and the shaking module 130, wherein the connection can be wired or wireless. In one embodiment, the incubation module 110 is loaded with at least one sample and culturees microorganisms within the blood sample. The detection module 120 detects the blood sample and obtains a detection signal. The shaking module 130 is disposed in the incubation module 110 and is used to shake the blood sample before and / or during the culture process.

[0129] In one embodiment, the incubation module 110, detection module 120, shaking module 130, controller 140, and display 150 can be housed in a single housing assembly to form a blood culture detection system 100. In another embodiment, the incubation module 110, detection module 120, shaking module 130, controller 140, and display 150 can be distributed, for example, connected via a bus or local area network / Internet. Alternatively, some components can form a sample culture detection device, while others can be connected to the sample culture detection device as external components. For example, the incubation module 110, detection module 120, shaking module 130, and microbial detection device housed in a single housing assembly, with the controller 140 and display 150 externally connected to the microbial detection device, can form a blood culture detection system 100. Of course, different combinations of components can also be used, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0130] It should be noted that the shaking module 130 in the above embodiments is not necessary. In some embodiments, the shaking module 130 may not be provided.

[0131] The detection module 120 includes at least one detection sensor for detecting blood samples and generating a detection signal for the blood samples.

[0132] The detection sensor can employ different detection methods to test blood samples. For example, in one embodiment, the detection sensor is an optical sensor used to detect changes in the reflectance of a chromogenic membrane at the bottom of the sample container. The optical sensor includes one or more light sources (such as LEDs, laser diodes, etc.) and one or more photodetectors (such as photodiodes, phototransistors, etc.). The light source emits a light signal towards the chromogenic membrane at the bottom of the sample container, and the chromogenic membrane undergoes a color reaction with the acidic substances produced during the culture process. As microorganisms grow and multiply, the amount of acidic substances produced increases, causing a change in the color of the chromogenic membrane, thereby altering its light reflection characteristics. The photodetector detects the change in the intensity of the reflected light signal, obtaining a detection signal showing the change in reflectance over culture time. The controller can process this detection signal to obtain a curve showing the change in reflectance over culture time.

[0133] In another embodiment, the detection sensor is a chemoreceptor used to detect changes in the fluorescence intensity of a fluorescent substance in a sample container. The sample container contains a specific fluorescent substance whose fluorescence intensity changes with the growth of microorganisms. As the microorganisms grow and reproduce, the fluorescence intensity changes accordingly. The detection module 120 obtains a detection signal of the fluorescence intensity changing with the culture time through the chemoreceptor. The controller can process the detection signal to obtain a curve of reflectance changing with the culture time.

[0134] In another embodiment, the detection sensor is a pressure sensor used to detect pressure changes in the top space of the sample container. These pressure changes are caused by gases produced and / or consumed by blood cells metabolizing in the culture medium of the blood sample and by microorganisms growing in the culture medium of the blood sample. The pressure sensor monitors pressure changes within the container; as microorganisms grow and multiply, the amount of gas produced or consumed increases, making the pressure changes more pronounced. The detection module 120 obtains a detection signal of pressure changes over culture time via the pressure sensor, and the controller can process this detection signal to obtain a curve showing the change in reflectance over culture time.

[0135] It should be noted that, regardless of the detection method used, the detection signals can be presented not only as curves but also stored as arrays, such as reflectance values, fluorescence intensity values, or gas pressure values ​​corresponding to different incubation times. After processing, these detection signals can yield curves showing the changes in reflectance, fluorescence intensity, and gas pressure over incubation time, respectively, providing a data foundation for subsequent microbial detection and judgment.

[0136] The controller 140 and the detection module 120 obtain the detection signal in any of the above embodiments and process the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample. In one embodiment, the controller 140 can control the display 150 to display the detection signal or the modified information (e.g., displaying the growth curve of slow-growing microorganisms). The display 150 can provide a human-computer interaction interface through which the user can view the growth curve or perform operations such as marking and calculating the growth curve.

[0137] In one embodiment, after receiving the detection signal, the controller 140 can further perform preprocessing on the obtained detection signal to obtain first information. The preprocessing can involve filtering and smoothing the detection signal before proceeding to subsequent calculations. The filtering and smoothing can employ classic median filtering, mean filtering, or a combination of both.

[0138] In one embodiment, the controller 140 can automatically or manually analyze the first information to determine whether microorganisms are present in the blood sample. If microorganisms are present, a positive report is generated. In one embodiment, if microorganisms are detected within a first preset time period, which is the shortest incubation time required for the blood sample to be clinically labeled and output as negative, the blood sample is labeled and output as positive. For example, as long as microorganisms are detected according to the first information, the blood sample is labeled as positive and a positive report (also called a positive report) is generated. In one embodiment, a positive report can be generated immediately upon detection of microorganisms, or a positive report can be generated according to a preset reporting time. For example, the blood sample's test status is checked every hour, and if the blood sample's test status is found to be positive, a positive report is generated. If no microorganisms are detected within the first preset time period, which is the shortest incubation time required for the blood sample to be clinically labeled and output as negative, the blood sample's test status is labeled as negative to date. If the blood sample's test status remains negative to date after the first preset time period has elapsed, the test status of the blood sample is negative to date. The system can output a negative report (also known as a negative report), or, based on certain conditions (such as the third preset condition mentioned below), not output a negative report but instead prompt the user to extend the culture time or automatically extend the culture time of the blood sample. In one embodiment, as long as the blood sample is placed in the incubation module 110 and has not been unloaded, the detection module 120 will continue to detect the blood sample even at the end of the first preset time period. Therefore, by prompting the user to extend the culture time, the effect of automatically extending the culture time can also be achieved.

[0139] In one embodiment, see Figure 4As shown, the controller 140 determines whether the detection signal meets the first preset condition and the second preset condition. The first preset condition is set for the growth of ordinary microorganisms and can detect microorganisms with obvious metabolism. The second preset condition is set for slow-growing microorganisms with slow growth rate. As mentioned above, the growth curve of slow-growing microorganisms is affected by the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample. Blood cells in the blood sample will form cell metabolism signals that can be detected by the detection module 120 due to metabolism. Therefore, the second preset condition takes into account the influence of the cell metabolism signal model on the detection signal. That is, the second preset condition is set based on the influence of the cell metabolism signal model on the detection signal.

[0140] On the one hand, if the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive.

[0141] On the other hand, the controller 140 can acquire second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container, and based on the first and second information, obtain third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container. The third information is information that has eliminated relevant interferences related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium of the sample container. If the third information meets the second preset condition within a first preset time period, then slow-growing microorganisms are present in the blood sample, and the controller 140 marks and outputs that the detection status of the blood sample is positive.

[0142] In other words, within a first preset time period, if at least one of the first and second preset conditions is met, the blood sample is marked as positive. In one embodiment, the first preset time period is 5, 7, or 14 days from the start of the initial blood sample culture. In some embodiments, after the blood sample is loaded, the first preset condition can be used to determine the first information of the blood sample after a period of culture. For example, the algorithm for determining the first preset condition can be started after 2 hours of blood sample culture. In some embodiments, an earlier algorithm can also be used, starting the algorithm for determining the first preset condition 0.5 hours after blood sample culture. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the algorithm for determining the first preset condition begins to be executed immediately after entering the first preset time period.

[0143] In some embodiments of this application, the controller 140 acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and simultaneously acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium. Based on the first and second information, third information related to microbial growth is obtained. On one hand, the first information is judged according to a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms. On the other hand, the third information obtained based on the first and second information is judged according to a second preset condition to determine whether slow-growing microorganisms exist in the sample. This effectively solves the technical problem in the prior art where slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, leading to missed detections. This significantly improves the accuracy of the blood culture detection system and reduces missed detections.

[0144] In one embodiment, the controller 140 applies a first preset condition and a second preset condition to judge the first information generated by the detection signal acquired and processed by the detection module 120 and the third information obtained based on the first information and the second information, respectively. The first preset condition and the second preset condition are both threshold conditions. That is, the controller 140 judges whether the first information corresponding to the detection signal exceeds the threshold of the first preset condition and whether the third information exceeds the threshold of the second preset condition. The threshold of the first preset condition is higher than the threshold of the second preset condition. In some embodiments, the threshold of the first preset condition is at least one order of magnitude higher than the threshold of the second preset condition (i.e., at least 10 times higher).

[0145] In one embodiment, in addition to processing the first information with the second information to obtain the third information, the controller 140 can also adjust the processing based on the blood volume information of the blood sample. For example, the controller 140 can search for or estimate the second information representing the corresponding cell metabolic signal from a preset blood volume-metabolic signal mapping table based on the blood volume of the blood sample. It can also dynamically adjust the processing coefficient or weighting ratio when superimposing, subtracting, or proportionally calculating the first and second information, so that the third information more accurately reflects the signal changes caused by microbial growth in samples with different blood volumes. It should be noted that in other embodiments of this application, any scheme for processing the first information based on the second information can be adjusted in conjunction with the blood volume of the blood sample. For example, by setting different processing coefficients, ratios, or mapping parameters, the processing degree can be controlled, thereby further improving the detection capability of slow-growing microorganisms and reducing false positives or false negatives caused by differences in blood volume.

[0146] For example, based on the first and second information, a third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container can be obtained. The third information is obtained by removing the second information from the first information. Alternatively, the third information can be obtained by removing the second information from the first information based on the amount of blood in the blood sample. For example, the more blood there is, the stronger the blood cell metabolic signal. In this way, the weight of removing the second information can be increased, and the weight of removing the second information can be decreased when the amount of blood is small.

[0147] Different types of first information can be processed in different ways. The first information is the detection curve generated based on the detection signal of the blood sample at different culture times. Correspondingly, the second information is the metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container. The third information, obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve, is the growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container.

[0148] In one embodiment, the detection curve, metabolic curve, and growth curve are curves showing how values ​​change over time (i.e., a continuous representation), where the horizontal axis of the curve represents the cultivation time, and the value of the vertical axis is related to the type of detection sensor.

[0149] In one embodiment, the detection sensor is an optical sensor for detecting changes in the reflectance of the chromogenic film at the bottom of the sample container, and the detection curve, metabolic curve, and growth curve are curves showing the change in reflectance over time. In another embodiment, the detection sensor is a chemoreceptor for detecting changes in the fluorescence intensity of a fluorescent substance in the sample container, and the detection curve, metabolic curve, and growth curve are curves showing the change in fluorescence intensity over time. In yet another embodiment, the detection sensor is a pressure sensor for detecting changes in pressure in the space above the sample container, and the detection curve, metabolic curve, and growth curve are curves showing the change in air pressure over time.

[0150] It should be noted that the growth curve represents the curve reflecting the change in the number of microorganisms over time during the cultivation process. For example, the reflectance can be used to determine when microorganisms enter the logarithmic growth phase (i.e., "slope") and subsequently grow or reach a stable state.

[0151] In one embodiment, the curve representing the change of detection values ​​(e.g., reflectance) with culture time can also be converted into a curve representing the change of microbial quantity with culture time.

[0152] In one embodiment, the curve can be a curve that directly reflects the detection value of the detection sensor, or it can be a curve after processing the detection value, such as a velocity curve (the first derivative of the detection value curve), an acceleration curve (the second derivative of the detection value curve), etc.

[0153] In one embodiment, the growth curve is obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve. In another embodiment, the growth curve is obtained by subtracting the detection curve from the metabolic curve.

[0154] In another embodiment, the metabolic curve can be determined based on the blood volume of the blood sample, and the growth curve can be obtained by subtracting the detection curve from the metabolic curve. Alternatively, the growth curve can be obtained by weighted summation of the detection curve and the metabolic curve, where the weighting coefficient can be determined based on the blood volume of the blood sample. See, for example... Figure 5 As shown, curve A is the detection curve generated by processing the detection signal obtained from the detection module, curve B is the growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times, and curve C is the metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times. In one embodiment, the target signal curve B is obtained by subtracting curve C from curve A. Figure 5 As can be seen from the magnified view of curve B, the growth curve B obtained by processing the detection curve A with the metabolic curve C can reflect the subtle changes in the growth trend of microorganisms.

[0155] In one embodiment, the first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times, and the metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve. Preferably, the metabolic curve is obtained by similarity matching based on the detection curve.

[0156] In another embodiment, the first information is discrete data obtained based on the detection signals of blood samples at different culture times. The metabolic curve described above is obtained by fitting the discrete data.

[0157] In another embodiment, the first information can also be represented by discrete data obtained from the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times, for example, by an array or list. In this way, the second information can also be discrete data at different culture times. When processing the first information, the discrete data of the first information and the second information at the corresponding culture times can be subtracted or weighted and summed to obtain the third information. Similarly, the coefficient of the weighted summation can be determined according to the blood volume of the blood sample.

[0158] In one embodiment, when a first number of consecutive values ​​(which can be values ​​from discrete data or data points in a growth curve) in the third information exceed a first threshold, it is determined that a second preset condition is met. For example, when m1 consecutive values ​​in the growth curve or discrete data of the third information exceed a set first threshold, it is determined that the second preset condition is met, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive or a positive report is issued.

[0159] In another embodiment, the third information can also be set such that the value in the third information continuously exceeds the first threshold for a period of time not less than the first time interval threshold T1, which is determined to meet the second preset condition, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive or reported as positive.

[0160] In addition, the numerical rate of change corresponding to different cultivation times can be calculated based on the third information. If the first derivative of the growth curve shows a second consecutive number of first derivatives greater than or equal to a second threshold, it is determined that the second preset condition is met. In one embodiment, the time interval between consecutive first derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the second threshold can also be longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold, which is also considered to meet the second preset condition.

[0161] In one embodiment, the numerical acceleration value corresponding to different cultivation times can also be calculated based on the third information. If the second derivative of the growth curve shows a third consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to a third threshold, it is determined that the second preset condition is met. In another embodiment, the time interval between consecutive second derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the third threshold can also be longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold, thus determining that the second preset condition is met.

[0162] In one embodiment, multiple different calculation methods can be performed simultaneously. As long as any one of them meets the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked as positive or a positive report is generated. When the growth curve value continuously exceeds the first threshold or the first derivative of the growth curve continuously exceeds the second threshold, it is determined that the second preset condition is met. That is, when the result of any of the above calculation methods meets the mentioned second preset condition, a positive report is generated.

[0163] In one embodiment, the aforementioned velocity value (e.g., the first derivative of the growth curve) or acceleration value (e.g., the second derivative of the growth curve) can be obtained by processing the detection signal, or the velocity curve can be obtained by directly performing a derivative calculation (first-order difference) on the growth curve, and then compared with the corresponding threshold. Similarly, the acceleration curve can be obtained by performing a derivative calculation (differentiation of the velocity data) on the velocity curve again.

[0164] In the above embodiments, requiring the third information to continuously exceed the corresponding threshold before determining whether the second preset condition is met is to avoid false alarms caused by individual values ​​exceeding the threshold due to signal interference. Of course, a threshold can also be set, where as long as the value of the third information is greater than the threshold, it is considered to meet the second preset condition, without needing to collect multiple data points.

[0165] In one embodiment of this application, the first preset condition can also be referred to the above-mentioned second preset condition. For example, if the detection curve meets the first preset condition within a first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive.

[0166] The first preset condition includes at least one of the following:

[0167] The detection curve shows a fourth consecutive number of values ​​greater than or equal to the fourth threshold, or the time interval between consecutive values ​​of the detection curve being greater than or equal to the fourth threshold is greater than or equal to the fourth time interval threshold.

[0168] The detection curve is found when the first derivative of the first derivative appears for a fifth consecutive number of times that the first derivative is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold, or when the time interval between consecutive occurrences of the first derivative of the detection curve being greater than or equal to the fifth threshold is greater than or equal to the fifth time interval threshold.

[0169] The detection curve has a sixth consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to the sixth threshold, or the time interval between consecutive second derivatives of the detection curve being greater than or equal to the sixth threshold is greater than or equal to the sixth time interval threshold.

[0170] In addition, in another embodiment, the first and second derivatives of the detection curve are simultaneously greater than or equal to their respective preset thresholds, and the duration time interval is greater than or equal to the preset time interval, or the number of data points is greater than or equal to the preset number.

[0171] In other words, when both velocity and acceleration values ​​are simultaneously greater than their respective preset thresholds, and this state lasts for at least a fourth time interval, or when the number of data points with velocity and acceleration values ​​simultaneously greater than their respective preset thresholds exceeds a preset number, it is determined that the first preset condition is met. For example, when the velocity and acceleration values ​​of the detection curve first exceed their corresponding preset thresholds, timing or the accumulation of data points begins. If the time for which both velocity and acceleration values ​​are greater than the preset thresholds is at least a preset duration, or if the number of accumulated data points that are continuously greater than the preset thresholds exceeds a preset number, it proves that the microorganisms in the blood sample have a strong growth trend, and it can be determined that the first information meets the first preset condition, that is, it meets the conditions for reporting a positive result.

[0172] Of course, we can also use only the rate of change of the detected value from the first piece of information for judgment. For example, we can determine the rate of change of the detected value for different cultivation times based on the detection curve. When a fourth consecutive number of rate values ​​exceed the fourth threshold, or when the time for the rate value to exceed the fourth threshold continuously reaches the fourth time interval threshold, it is determined that the first preset condition is met. It can be seen that the same principle applies to the judgment of acceleration value, which will not be repeated here.

[0173] In another embodiment, a positive detection can be performed by determining the value of the first preset time period when the blood sample is first loaded in the first information. For example, if a fifth number of consecutive values ​​exceed the fifth threshold in the first information corresponding to the first preset time period, or if the time for which the values ​​exceed the fifth threshold continuously reaches the fifth time interval threshold, it is determined that the first preset condition is met.

[0174] The first threshold, second threshold, third threshold, fourth threshold and fifth threshold in the above embodiments can be configured according to experience or actual detection needs, and the specific values ​​will not be described here.

[0175] The first time interval threshold, the second time interval threshold, the third time interval threshold, the fourth time interval threshold, and the fifth time interval threshold in the above embodiments can also be configured according to experience or actual detection needs, and can be set in days, hours, minutes, and seconds as basic units.

[0176] In one embodiment, the velocity or acceleration value of the detected numerical change in the first information can be calculated based on the discrete data of the first information, or the velocity curve can be obtained by directly differentiating the detection curve, and then compared with the corresponding threshold. Similarly, the acceleration curve can be obtained by differentiating the velocity curve again.

[0177] In one embodiment, a pre-trained machine learning model can be used to determine whether the third information meets the second preset condition. The controller 140 inputs the third information within a first preset time period into the pre-trained machine learning model for judgment processing to confirm whether the third information meets the second preset condition. The machine learning model is obtained by training a training set that contains at least information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium.

[0178] In another embodiment, a pre-trained machine learning model can be used to determine whether the first information meets the first preset condition. In this embodiment, the controller 140 inputs the first information within the first preset time period into the pre-trained machine learning model for judgment processing to confirm whether the first information meets the first preset condition. The machine learning model is trained using a training set that contains at least information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample.

[0179] In one embodiment, the detection timing of the first and second preset conditions can be simultaneous or asynchronous. For example, the controller 140 acquires first information within a first preset time period. If the first information within the first preset time period meets the first preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive. Furthermore, the controller 140 processes the detection signal of the blood sample within a second preset time period to obtain second information, and based on the first and second information, obtains third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container. In one embodiment, the detection signal within the second preset time period primarily originates from the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container. In one embodiment, the second preset time period can be set according to medical guidelines or the user's clinical testing needs; for example, the second preset time period can be set to within 4 or 8 hours from the first culture of the blood sample. In one embodiment, the setting of the second preset time period is related to the time interval between the blood sample collection time and the blood sample collection time. The time interval between the blood sample collection time and loading into the blood culture detection system is called the delayed loading time. The longer the delayed loading time, the longer the growth time of microorganisms in the blood sample, and the shorter the second preset time period can be set.

[0180] In another embodiment, the second preset time period may also overlap with the first preset time period, or it may be understood that no second preset time period is set. While determining whether the first information meets the first preset condition, the second information can also be obtained and the third information can be generated simultaneously. The acquisition of the first information, the acquisition of the second information, and the generation of the third information are all performed within the first preset time period.

[0181] In one embodiment, processing the detection signal of a blood sample within a second preset time period to obtain second information includes: processing the detection signal of the blood sample within the second preset time period to obtain a processing result, and generating second information based on the processing result. In another embodiment, processing the detection signal of the blood sample within the second preset time period to obtain a processing result, and obtaining second information by matching multiple preset pieces of information based on the processing result. In yet another embodiment, selecting second information from multiple preset pieces of information based on the blood volume of the blood sample. The multiple preset pieces of information are used to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in a culture medium within multiple blood samples with different blood volumes.

[0182] If the third information within the third preset time period meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive. In one embodiment, the first preset time period includes the second preset time period and is longer than the second preset time period. In another embodiment, the first preset time period includes the third preset time period, and the second preset time period does not include the third preset time period but may partially overlap with it, and the start point of the second preset time period is earlier than the start point of the third preset time period. In one embodiment, the presence of microorganisms in the blood sample can be determined based on the first preset condition when the blood sample is first loaded. Since the second preset condition requires the second information to be obtained before the detection information can be processed to obtain the third information, and in one embodiment, the acquisition of the second information requires real-time analysis of the first information or analysis of data over a period of time, the start point of the third preset time period will be later than the start point of the first preset time period.

[0183] In another embodiment, the second and third preset time periods can completely overlap or at least have the same starting point. For example, the second information is preset based on experience (e.g., calculated based on the blood volume information of the blood sample before the start of detection, or based on user configuration, or a preset default signal). This allows the first and second preset conditions to be used simultaneously for blood sample detection when the blood sample is first loaded, meaning the second and third preset time periods completely overlap. Alternatively, the second and third preset time periods can be disregarded, with the processing of the third information and the judgment of the first and second preset conditions actually performed within the first preset time period.

[0184] In one embodiment, the second information may be information generated based on the first information. For example, in one embodiment, the controller 140 generates the second information in real time based on the first information. For instance, it calculates the second information by performing calculations on all or a specific cultivation period of the current first information according to a preset algorithm rule. Alternatively, it adjusts a preset algorithm rule (such as the fitting algorithm mentioned below) based on the blood volume information of the blood sample to perform calculations on all or a specific cultivation period of the current first information to obtain the second information.

[0185] In another embodiment, the second information is a preset piece of information, which can be preset default information or information determined based on user instructions or parameters of a blood sample. For example, it can be information selected by the user from multiple preset pieces of information, or information matched from multiple preset pieces of information based on the first information (e.g., selection based on the detection value of the first information, the first derivative of the detection curve, or the second derivative of the detection curve), or information matched from multiple preset pieces of information based on the first information (e.g., matching in the database of preset information by the approximation of the detection curve or feature parameters).

[0186] In one embodiment, the controller 140 is also configured to obtain a metabolic curve based on the detection curve through matching processing.

[0187] For example, in one embodiment, a metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve within a second preset time period. The detection signal within the second preset time period is mainly derived from the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

[0188] In another embodiment, during the culture process, the detection curve is periodically fitted to update the metabolic curve.

[0189] In another embodiment, within a second preset time period, a metabolic curve is obtained periodically through matching based on the detection curve; outside the second preset time period, at least one metabolic curve obtained within the second preset time period is used as the currently used metabolic curve; the detection signal within the second preset time period primarily originates from the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container. In one embodiment, the metabolic curve is obtained periodically through similarity matching based on the detection curve.

[0190] In one embodiment, a metabolic curve is obtained by fitting discrete data obtained from the detection signals of blood samples at different culture times.

[0191] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 As shown, the above fitting process includes:

[0192] The metabolic curve is obtained by fitting the discrete data, where the second preset time period can be the first N hours after the blood sample is first loaded, such as within 4 hours or 8 hours.

[0193] Metabolic curves are obtained or updated by continuously fitting discrete data;

[0194] If the incubation time of the blood sample is within the second preset time period, the discrete data will be continuously fitted to obtain or update the metabolic curve until the incubation time of the blood sample exceeds the second preset time period. Then, the discrete data within the second preset time period will be used to fit the metabolic curve.

[0195] After the blood sample is initially loaded, for slow-growing microorganisms, due to their delayed growth, the initial information is mainly contributed by the secondary information during this period. Therefore, by fitting the discrete data for this period, the metabolic curve can be predicted. To improve the real-time detection of slow-growing microorganisms in blood samples, the discrete data can be fitted immediately after the blood sample is loaded. A growth curve is obtained based on the metabolic curve and the detection curve. The growth curve is used to determine whether the blood sample is positive. Since the detection curve is continuously updated, a better fitted curve may emerge during the update process. Therefore, the fitting and updating of the metabolic curve can be repeated to process the detection curve until the growth curve detects a positive result that meets the second preset condition or exceeds the second preset time period. In one embodiment, considering that if slow-growing microorganisms are present in the blood sample after the second preset time period, this will be reflected in the detection curve, and the cell metabolic curve obtained by fitting the detection curve at this time will be inaccurate. Therefore, when the second preset time period has passed, the latest fitted curve or the fitted curve with the highest degree of fit within the second preset time period is used as the metabolic curve used after the second preset time period. In one embodiment, the start point of the second preset time period is earlier than the start point of the third preset time period.

[0196] In another embodiment, the fitting process is not limited to a second preset time period. The metabolic curve can be continuously updated, or it can be left unupdated. Instead, the curve is fitted once or a preset number of times based on the detection curve over a certain time period, and the fitted curve is used as the current metabolic curve. In another embodiment, besides fitting the detection curve to determine the metabolic curve, discrete data from the first information can be compared and matched to determine the cell metabolic signal (e.g., composed of discrete data points). This discrete data is obtained based on the detection signals of blood samples at different culture times. The metabolic curve is then obtained by fitting this discrete data.

[0197] In one embodiment, the controller is further configured to fit the discrete data using a fitting function to obtain a metabolic curve, the fitting function including at least one of the following:

[0198] In one embodiment, the logarithmic fitting function is expressed by the following formula: y = A1 * log B1 X i +C1; where X i The incubation time is y, which is the value of the detection curve; A1, B1, and C1 are variable fitting parameters.

[0199] In one embodiment, the quadratic fitting function is expressed by the following formula:

[0200] Among them, X iThe training time is y, which is the value of the detection curve; A2, B2, and C2 are variable fitting parameters.

[0201] The variable fitting parameters in the above embodiments can also be set according to the adjustment parameters in the above embodiments. For example, the variable fitting parameters A1, B1, C1, and A2, B2, C2 can be processed according to the blood volume information, reflectivity, velocity, and acceleration of the blood sample to improve the fitting degree of the cell metabolic signal.

[0202] For example, in one embodiment, the fitting parameters described above include at least one of the following:

[0203] The amount of blood in the blood sample;

[0204] The result of taking the first derivative of the detection curve;

[0205] The result of taking the second derivative of the detection curve.

[0206] In one embodiment, multiple different fitting functions are used to fit the discrete data, thereby obtaining multiple candidate metabolic curves and their goodness of fit; among the multiple candidate metabolic curves, the candidate metabolic curve with the highest goodness of fit is selected as the metabolic curve. In another embodiment, multiple candidate metabolic curves can also be fused and calculated (e.g., by averaging, weighted summation, etc.), and the metabolic curve can be obtained based on the calculation results.

[0207] In one embodiment, the controller 140 compares each candidate metabolic curve with the detection curve, calculates the fitting degree of each candidate metabolic curve, and selects the curve whose fitting degree meets the preset condition from among the multiple candidate metabolic curves as the final metabolic curve based on the calculated fitting degree.

[0208] As described above, in one embodiment, due to the updating of the detection signal, the fitting function corresponding to the optimal fit may change. For example, the logarithmic fitting function may have the best fit at the previous time, but the quadratic fitting function may become the best at the next time the detection signal is updated. Therefore, each time the fitting function is updated, the fit of each fitting function is reassessed, and the best fitting function is selected.

[0209] The goodness of fit for each candidate metabolic curve can be calculated in the following ways. In one embodiment, the goodness of fit for each candidate metabolic curve can be obtained by comparing it with the detection curve based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. In another embodiment, the goodness of fit can be calculated using the following formula.

[0210] Where R is the goodness of fit, Y actual To detect the signal curve, Y predictAs an alternative metabolic curve, Y mean This is the mean value of the detection signal curve.

[0211] In one embodiment, the controller 140 may also perform preprocessing on the detection signal obtained by the detection module 120 to obtain a first signal.

[0212] In one embodiment, median filtering can be used to preprocess the detection signal, for example, by using the following algorithm to obtain the detection signal:

[0213] y=med{X i-L ,X i-L+1 ,…,X i}, L is the window width; where X i For different incubation times, the measured values ​​(e.g., reflectance) are represented by med, which is the median value after sorting L values ​​from smallest to largest. If L is odd, the median value is taken directly; if L is even, the average of the two middle values ​​is taken.

[0214] In another embodiment, mean filtering can be used to process the reflectance data. For example, the detection signal can be obtained using the following algorithm:

[0215] X i The values ​​(e.g., reflectance) are the detection values ​​at different incubation times, and L is the window width.

[0216] In another embodiment, it is determined whether the data points in the detection signal exceed N times the previous data SD. If they exceed, median filtering is used; if they do not exceed, mean filtering is used, so as to ensure the curve is smooth while effectively filtering out abnormal jump points.

[0217] In another embodiment, the different preprocessing methods described above can be combined, such as first applying mean filtering to the detection signal and then applying median filtering, or first applying median filtering to the detection signal and then applying mean filtering.

[0218] In one embodiment, the first derivative of the filtered detection curve can be performed to obtain the velocity curve, and the second derivative of the detection curve can be performed to obtain the acceleration curve.

[0219] In one embodiment, see Figure 4As shown, the system continuously processes the first information based on the first preset condition and continuously processes the third information based on the second preset condition. If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample has not yet been marked as positive, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended. In this embodiment, if the slow growth of microorganisms in the blood sample makes it impossible to identify the first and second preset conditions, a prompt to extend the culture can be issued to the user or the culture time of the blood sample can be automatically extended before further detection. The prompt to extend the culture or the automatic extension of the culture time can be done automatically or in response to set conditions (such as the third preset condition mentioned below).

[0220] In another embodiment, during the culture process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on a first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on a second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample's detection status is marked as negative to date. If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that when the first and second preset conditions are not met, the blood sample's detection status is marked as negative to date before continuing the test until a positive result is reported or the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period.

[0221] In another embodiment, during the culture process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on a first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on a second preset condition. If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample has not yet been marked as having a positive detection status, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative. In this embodiment, when the preset maximum culture time is reached, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative, and a negative report (i.e., a negative report) can also be output.

[0222] In another embodiment, during the culture process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on a first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on a second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample's detection status is marked and output as negative to date. If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, the blood sample's detection status is marked and output as negative. In this embodiment, the key difference from the previous embodiment is that if the first and second preset conditions are not met, the blood sample's detection status is marked as negative to date before continuing testing until a positive result is reported or the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period.

[0223] In one embodiment, when the controller 140 processes the detection signal, it also sets a third threshold condition. Unlike the second preset condition used to report a positive result, the third preset condition is used as a preset condition to determine whether the culture time needs to be extended. That is, for a third signal with a slight upward trend, the reason for not meeting the second preset condition may be due to insufficient culture time. Thus, after reaching the preset maximum culture time, the third signal may still not meet the second preset condition. If a negative result is reported, it will cause a missed detection. Therefore, when it is determined that the third signal meets the third preset condition, a prompt to extend the culture time will be issued to the user or the culture time of the blood sample will be automatically extended. This prompt can be issued when the preset maximum culture time is reached. That is, when the culture time reaches the preset maximum culture time, it will determine whether the third signal meets the third preset condition. If it meets the third preset condition, a prompt to extend the culture time will be issued to the user or the culture time of the blood sample will be automatically extended. If it does not meet the third preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample will be marked as negative.

[0224] For example, in one embodiment, if the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended.

[0225] For example, in another embodiment, if the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition and does not meet the third preset condition, then the blood sample's detection status is marked and output as negative.

[0226] In one embodiment, the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times. The combination judgment of the second preset condition and the third preset condition mentioned in the above embodiment can be made by at least one of the following judgment conditions (1)-(9).

[0227] (1) The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the first threshold for a first consecutive number of values. The third preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the seventh threshold and less than the first threshold. For example, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition (the third information is less than the first threshold), it means that no slow-growing microorganisms were detected within the first preset time period. If the third information meets the third preset condition (the third information is greater than the first threshold), it means that there may still be microorganisms in the blood sample, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid false negatives. If the third information does not meet the third preset condition (the third information is less than the seventh threshold), it means that the possibility of microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0228] (2) The second preset condition includes: the growth curve values ​​appear for a first number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to the first threshold. The third preset condition includes: the number of times the growth curve values ​​appear for a consecutive number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the number of times it appears for a consecutive number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to the first threshold reaches or exceeds the first number), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detections; if the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the number of times it appears for a consecutive number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the blood sample is marked and the detection status is output as negative.

[0229] (3) The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to the first time interval threshold. The third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the time interval during which the value is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold reaches or exceeds the first time interval threshold), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection; if the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the time interval during which the value is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0230] (4) The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to the second threshold for a second consecutive number of times. The third preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the eighth threshold and less than the second threshold. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the first derivative reaches or exceeds the second threshold for a second consecutive number of times), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection; if the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the first derivative is greater than or equal to the eighth threshold and less than the second threshold), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0231] (5) The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve has a second consecutive number of first derivatives greater than or equal to the second threshold. The third preset condition includes: the number of times the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number. If the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the number of times the first derivative is greater than or equal to the second threshold reaches or exceeds the second number), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection. If the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the number of times the first derivative is greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the blood sample is marked and the detection status is output as negative.

[0232] (6) The second preset condition includes: the time interval in which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval in which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the time interval in which the first derivative is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold reaches or exceeds the second time interval threshold), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection; if the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the time interval in which the first derivative is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0233] (7) The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to the third threshold. The third preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the ninth threshold and less than the third threshold. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the second derivative reaches or exceeds the third threshold for a third consecutive number of times), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection; if the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the second derivative is greater than or equal to the ninth threshold and less than the third threshold), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0234] (8) The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to the third threshold. The third preset condition includes: the number of times the second derivative of the growth curve has a consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the number of times the second derivative has a number greater than or equal to the third threshold reaches or exceeds the third number), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection; if the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the number of times the second derivative has a number greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number), it indicates that the possibility of the microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0235] (9) The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold. The third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold. For example, if the third information does not meet the third preset condition (i.e., the time interval during which the second derivative is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold reaches or exceeds the third time interval threshold), it indicates that slow-growing microorganisms may exist within the first preset time period, and the culture needs to be extended to avoid missed detection. If the third information meets the third preset condition (i.e., the time interval during which the second derivative is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold), it indicates that the possibility of the presence of microorganisms is low, and the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0236] In one embodiment, when a condition requiring an extension of the blood sample culture time is triggered, the controller 140 can choose to prompt for an extension based on user configuration, followed by user confirmation, or it can automatically extend the culture time. For example, based on user-inputted or pre-set extension parameters, if the culture time reaches the end of a first preset time period, the controller 140 automatically extends the blood sample culture time to the time corresponding to the extension parameters. In one embodiment, if the extension parameters determine the automatic extension of the blood sample culture time, then the blood sample culture time is automatically extended according to the extension parameters.

[0237] In another embodiment, the extension parameter can also be a selection setting of the extension mode. For example, when the extension parameter is the first setting of the automatic extension mode, the blood sample culture time will be automatically extended when the condition that requires extending the blood sample culture time is triggered. If the extension parameter is the second setting of the non-automatic extension mode, the user will be prompted to extend the culture time when the condition that requires extending the blood sample culture time is triggered, allowing the user to input or confirm the extended culture time.

[0238] In one embodiment, prompting the user to extend the culture includes one of the following:

[0239] The controller controls the display to show a prompt for extended culture. Preferably, the controller controls the display to show an interface for extended culture. The interface for extended culture is provided with a first control for the user to select whether to extend the culture. The controller is also used to acquire the user's interactive operation on the first control to select to perform extended culture on the blood sample, or to select to abandon extended culture on the blood sample. Preferably, the interface for extended culture is also provided with a second control for the user to set extended parameters. The controller is also used to acquire the extended parameters input by the user and perform extended culture on the blood sample based on the extended parameters.

[0240] Alternatively, the blood culture testing system may also include indicator lights, which the controller uses to prompt the user to extend the culture period;

[0241] Alternatively, the blood culture testing system may also include a speaker, through which the controller prompts the user to extend the culture period;

[0242] Alternatively, the controller can also be used to prompt users to extend the culture period via user terminals or servers.

[0243] For example, see Figure 7 As shown, the display shows an extended culture interface 710, which includes a second control 720 and a first control 730. The controller is also used to acquire user operations on the first control 730 to perform extended culture of the blood sample. For example... Figure 7 The interface shown displays the option to extend the culture time (in days). In one embodiment, the default extension time is 5 days. Users can click the first control 730 to confirm the extension of the culture.

[0244] The controller is also used to receive extension time parameters input by the user and perform extended culture of the blood sample according to the extension time parameters, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 Users can modify the default extension time in the input box of the second control 720, and then click the first control 730 to confirm the extension of the culture.

[0245] In one embodiment, the extended culture prompting method can also be combined with any of the above embodiments to use multiple modalities to provide extended culture prompting.

[0246] In one embodiment, during the extended culture period, the detection signals of the blood sample are continuously acquired and processed to obtain first information, and second information is continuously acquired; based on the first information and the second information, third information is obtained; if the first information meets a first preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive; if the third information meets a second preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive; if, at the end of the extended culture period, the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative. For example, if the extended culture time is 5 days, during the 5 days, if either the first preset condition or the second preset condition is met, a positive result is reported; if neither the first nor the second preset condition is met after the 5th day, a negative result is reported.

[0247] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0248] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0249] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect blood samples and generate a detection signal for the blood samples;

[0250] Controller, used for:

[0251] Acquire and process the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0252] To obtain secondary information related to characterizing the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium of the blood sample container;

[0253] Based on the first and second information, a third piece of information is obtained that relates to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

[0254] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and simultaneously acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium. Based on the first and second information, third information related to microbial growth is obtained. The third information can be used to observe the microbial growth status after the influence of blood cell metabolism is eliminated, providing a more reliable basis for doctors' diagnosis and analysis of the blood culture detection system.

[0255] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signal of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; and the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container. Based on the first and second information, the third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained, including:

[0256] The growth curve is obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve; preferably, the growth curve is obtained by subtracting the detection curve from the metabolic curve.

[0257] In some embodiments of this application, the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container. Obtaining this second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container includes:

[0258] The first piece of information is the detection curve generated based on the detection signals of blood samples at different culture times. The metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve.

[0259] Alternatively, the first piece of information is discrete data obtained based on the detection signals of blood samples at different culture times. By fitting the discrete data, a metabolic curve is obtained.

[0260] In some embodiments of this application, the controller is also used for:

[0261] The system analyzes the third information and obtains the analysis results. Based on the analysis results, it marks and outputs the detection status of the blood sample as positive, or marks and outputs the detection status of the blood sample as negative, or marks and outputs the detection status of the blood sample as negative, or prompts the user to extend the culture, or automatically extends the culture of the blood sample based on the analysis results.

[0262] And / or, the blood culture testing system also includes a display, and the controller is also used for:

[0263] Control the display to show third-party information.

[0264] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signal of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; and the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container. The display is controlled to show the third information, including:

[0265] The control display shows the detection curve, metabolic curve, and growth curve simultaneously. Preferably, the control display shows the detection curve, metabolic curve, and growth curve in the same coordinate system.

[0266] The specific implementation of the blood culture detection system of the second aspect of this application can be referred to the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood culture detection system of this embodiment. It will not be repeated here.

[0267] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, including:

[0268] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0269] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0270] Controller, used for:

[0271] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0272] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0273] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0274] Based on the third information, the system may prompt the user to extend the culture period or automatically extend the culture period.

[0275] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and simultaneously acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium. Based on the first and second information, third information related to microbial growth is obtained, and a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended according to the third information. By analyzing the growth status of microorganisms after removing the influence of blood cell metabolism, it is intelligently determined whether the culture time needs to be extended. This can effectively solve the technical problem in the prior art that slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, resulting in missed detection. It avoids the possibility of early termination of culture and missed detection of slow-growing microorganisms caused by traditional fixed culture time, and significantly improves the detection rate of slow-growing microorganisms in the blood culture detection system, providing more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0276] In some embodiments of this application, the step of issuing a prompt to the user to extend the culture or automatically extending the culture based on the third information includes:

[0277] If the cultivation time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the cultivation is issued to the user or the cultivation is automatically extended; and / or,

[0278] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition and does not meet the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

[0279] In some embodiments of this application, the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times;

[0280] The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive times; the third preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a seventh threshold and less than the first threshold.

[0281] The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive values; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number.

[0282] The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to the first time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold.

[0283] The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to an eighth threshold and less than the second threshold.

[0284] The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number.

[0285] The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold.

[0286] The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a ninth threshold and less than the third threshold.

[0287] The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the second derivative of the growth curve has a consecutive number of times greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number; or,

[0288] The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold, and the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold.

[0289] The specific implementation of the blood culture detection system of the third aspect of this application can be referred to the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood culture detection system of this embodiment. It will not be repeated here.

[0290] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0291] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0292] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0293] Controller, used for:

[0294] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0295] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the first preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample; if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0296] Alternatively, if the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition but meets the fourth preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is issued to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or,

[0297] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition and does not meet the fourth preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0298] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and judges the first information according to a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms. In addition, the first information is judged according to a fourth preset condition based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample to detect slow-growing microorganisms. This can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, resulting in missed detections. This significantly improves the accuracy of the blood culture detection system and reduces missed detections.

[0299] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is judged based on a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms and promptly mark them as positive. In another embodiment, when the culture time reaches the end of a first preset time period, the first information is judged based on a fourth preset condition. If the fourth preset condition is met, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended; if the condition is not met, it is marked as negative. This intelligent extended culture mechanism avoids the early termination of culture that may occur with traditional fixed culture time. It effectively solves the technical problem in the prior art where slow-growing microorganisms cannot be detected within the maximum culture time due to their slow growth, leading to missed detections. This significantly improves the detection rate of slow-growing microorganisms in the blood culture detection system, reduces missed detections, and provides more accurate and reliable test results for clinical diagnosis.

[0300] In some embodiments of this application, the step of marking and outputting the detection status of the blood sample as positive if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period includes:

[0301] The first information within the first preset time period is input into a pre-trained machine learning model for judgment processing. If the judgment processing confirms that the first information meets the fourth preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive. The machine learning model is trained using a training set that contains at least information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium.

[0302] The specific implementation of the blood culture detection system of the fourth aspect of this application can be referred to the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood culture detection system of this embodiment. It will not be repeated here. The fourth preset condition can be referred to the description of the second preset condition in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the description of the second preset condition can be applied to the fourth preset condition of this embodiment.

[0303] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0304] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0305] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0306] Controller, used for:

[0307] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0308] If the first information satisfies the preset model within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0309] Alternatively, if the first information does not satisfy the preset model when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0310] Alternatively, if the first information within a first preset time period conforms to a preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended, wherein the preset model is a model established based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0311] In some embodiments of this application, the controller acquires and processes the detection signal of the blood sample to obtain first information, and uses a preset model based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample to judge the first information. When the first information meets the preset model, it is marked and the detection status is output as positive. When the first information does not meet the preset model at the end of the first preset time period, the detection status is marked as negative or negative to date. This can effectively solve the problem of missed detection in the prior art due to the slow growth of slow-growing microorganisms, which cannot be detected within the maximum culture time. By considering the influence of blood cell metabolism on the detection signal, the preset model significantly improves the accuracy of the blood culture detection system in identifying different types of microorganisms, reduces the phenomenon of missed detection, and provides more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0312] In some embodiments of this application, a preset model based on the influence of blood cell metabolism in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample is used to judge the first information. When the first information within a first preset time period meets the preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended. By intelligently judging the need for extended culture, the problem of early termination of culture that may be caused by traditional fixed culture time, which may result in the inability to identify slow-growing microorganisms, is avoided. This significantly improves the detection rate of slow-growing microorganisms in the blood culture detection system, reduces missed detections, and provides more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0313] The specific implementation of the blood culture detection system of the fifth aspect of this application can be referred to the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood culture detection system of this embodiment. It will not be repeated here.

[0314] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0315] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0316] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0317] Controller, used for:

[0318] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0319] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0320] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0321] If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0322] In some embodiments of this application, a controller acquires and processes the detection signal of a blood sample to obtain first information, acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium, and obtains third information related to microbial growth based on the first and second information. On the one hand, the first information is judged by a first preset condition to detect normally growing microorganisms. On the other hand, the third information obtained based on the first and second information is judged by a second preset condition. When the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status is marked as negative or negative to date. By excluding the influence of blood cell metabolism, the accuracy of negative results can be improved, providing more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0323] In some embodiments of this application, if the first information does not meet the first preset condition within a first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then marking and outputting the detection status of the blood sample as negative to date includes one of the following:

[0324] During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end time of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, a prompt to extend the incubation is issued to the user or the incubation is automatically extended.

[0325] During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end time of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0326] In some embodiments of this application, the controller is further configured to:

[0327] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended; and / or,

[0328] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition and the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

[0329] In some embodiments of this application, the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times;

[0330] The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive times; the third preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a seventh threshold and less than the first threshold.

[0331] The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive values; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number.

[0332] The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to the first time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold.

[0333] The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to an eighth threshold and less than the second threshold.

[0334] The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number.

[0335] The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold.

[0336] The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a ninth threshold and less than the third threshold.

[0337] The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the second derivative of the growth curve has a consecutive number of times greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number; or,

[0338] The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold, and the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold.

[0339] In some embodiments of this application, the controller is further configured to:

[0340] During the extended culture period, the detection signals of the blood sample are continuously acquired and processed to obtain the first information, and the second information is continuously acquired; based on the first information and the second information, the third information is obtained.

[0341] If the first information meets the first preset condition during the extended culture period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0342] If the third information meets the second preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0343] If, at the end of the extended culture period, the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, then the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0344] The specific implementation of the blood culture detection system of the sixth aspect of this application can be referred to the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood culture detection system of this embodiment. It will not be repeated here.

[0345] Seventhly, embodiments of this application provide a blood culture detection system, comprising:

[0346] An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature.

[0347] The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample;

[0348] Controller, used for:

[0349] The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0350] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0351] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0352] If the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive; or, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative.

[0353] In some embodiments of this application, a controller acquires and processes the detection signal of a blood sample to obtain first information, acquires second information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium, and obtains third information related to microbial growth based on the first and second information. The third information obtained based on the first and second information is judged by a second preset condition. In one embodiment, if the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status is marked and output as positive. In another embodiment, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status is marked as negative or negative. By judging microbial detection based on the third information after excluding the influence of blood cell metabolism, the problem of missed detection caused by slow-growing microorganisms being unable to be detected within the maximum culture time in the prior art can be effectively solved. This significantly improves the accuracy of microbial detection in blood culture detection systems, reduces missed detections, and provides more accurate and reliable detection results for clinical diagnosis.

[0354] In some embodiments of this application, the first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times; and the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times. Obtaining the third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container based on the first and second information includes:

[0355] The growth curve is obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve; preferably, the growth curve is obtained by subtracting the metabolic curve from the detection curve.

[0356] In some embodiments of this application, the second preset condition includes at least one of the following:

[0357] The growth curve shows a first number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to a first threshold, or the time interval between consecutive values ​​of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to a first time interval threshold.

[0358] The growth curve has a second consecutive number of first derivatives greater than or equal to a second threshold, or the time interval between consecutive first derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to a second time interval threshold.

[0359] The growth curve has a third consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to a third threshold, or the time interval between consecutive second derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to a third time interval threshold.

[0360] In some embodiments of this application, the controller is further configured to:

[0361] If the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is sent to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or,

[0362] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition and does not meet the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

[0363] In some embodiments of this application, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked as negative to date, including one of the following:

[0364] During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, a prompt to extend the incubation is issued to the user or the incubation is automatically extended.

[0365] During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0366] In some embodiments of this application, the controller is further configured to:

[0367] During the extended culture period, the detection signals of the blood sample are continuously acquired and processed to obtain the first information, and the second information is continuously acquired; based on the first information and the second information, the third information is obtained.

[0368] If the third information meets the second preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0369] If the third information does not meet the second preset condition when the extended culture time period ends, the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

[0370] The specific implementation of the blood culture detection system of the seventh aspect of this application can be referred to the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood culture detection system of this embodiment. It will not be repeated here.

[0371] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0372] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0373] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0374] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0375] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0376] If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0377] Further specific implementation of the blood sample detection method of the eighth aspect of this application can be found by referring to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0378] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0379] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0380] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0381] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0382] Control the display to show the third information.

[0383] Further specific implementation of the sample detection method of the ninth aspect of this application can refer to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0384] Tenthly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0385] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0386] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0387] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0388] Based on the third information, the system may prompt the user to extend the culture period or automatically extend the culture period.

[0389] Further specific implementation of the blood sample detection method of the tenth aspect of this application can be found by referring to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0390] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0391] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0392] If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the first preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample; if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the second preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0393] Alternatively, if the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition but meets the fourth preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is issued to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or,

[0394] If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition and the fourth preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative, wherein the second preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0395] Further specific implementations of the blood sample detection method according to the eleventh aspect of this application can refer to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The fourth preset condition can refer to the description of the second preset condition in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the description of the second preset condition can be applied to the fourth preset condition of this embodiment.

[0396] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0397] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0398] If the first information satisfies the preset model within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

[0399] Alternatively, if the first information does not satisfy the preset model when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0400] Alternatively, if the first information within a first preset time period conforms to a preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended, wherein the preset model is a model established based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

[0401] Further specific implementation of the blood sample detection method of the twelfth aspect of this application can be found by referring to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0402] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0403] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0404] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0405] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0406] If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

[0407] Further specific implementation of the blood sample detection method of the thirteenth aspect of this application can be found by referring to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0408] In a fourteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a sample detection method, characterized in that it includes:

[0409] The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample;

[0410] Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container;

[0411] Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained;

[0412] If the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive; or, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative.

[0413] Further specific implementation of the blood sample detection method of the fourteenth aspect of this application can be found by referring to the relevant steps of the controller 140 in the blood culture detection system of the first aspect. Any implementation of the blood culture detection system can be directly introduced into the blood sample detection method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0414] In a fifteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory and a control component. The memory stores a computer program, and the control component executes the computer program to implement the sample detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0415] In a sixteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: when applied to a production line system, the computer program, when executed by a control component, implements the sample detection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0416] In a seventeenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A control component of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the sample detection method of any of the above embodiments.

[0417] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate to describe embodiments of this application, for example, those that can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0418] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0419] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0420] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0421] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0422] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0423] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0424] It should also be understood that the various implementation methods provided in this application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0425] The above provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of this application. However, this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

2. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset time period is the shortest culture time required for the clinical marking and output of a negative test status for a blood sample. Preferably, the first preset time period is 5 days, 7 days, or 14 days from the first culture of the blood sample.

3. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of second information for characterizing the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container includes: The detection signals of the blood sample within a second preset time period are processed to obtain the second information, wherein the first preset time period includes the second preset time period and is longer than the second preset time period; preferably, the detection signals within the second preset time period are mainly derived from the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container; more preferably, the second preset time period is within 4 hours or 8 hours from the first culture of the blood sample; Preferably, the step of processing the detection signal of the blood sample within a second preset time period to obtain the second information includes: The detection signals of the blood sample within the second preset time period are processed to obtain a processing result, and the second information is generated based on the processing result; or, the detection signals of the blood sample within the second preset time period are processed to obtain a processing result, and the second information is obtained by matching multiple preset information based on the processing result. Alternatively, based on the blood volume of the blood sample, the second information is selected from multiple preset information, which are used to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in multiple blood samples with different blood volumes in the culture medium.

4. The blood culture detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, including: If the third information meets the second preset condition within the third preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output as positive; wherein, the first preset time period includes the third preset time period, and the second preset time period does not include the third preset time period but may partially overlap with the third preset time period, and the start point of the second preset time period is earlier than the start point of the third preset time period.

5. The blood culture detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The third information obtained based on the first and second information, relating to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container, includes: The third information is obtained by removing the second information from the first information.

6. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second information includes one of the following: Information generated based on the first information; A preset message; Information determined based on the blood volume of the blood sample; Information selected from multiple preset information; Information obtained by matching multiple preset information based on the first information.

7. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different incubation times; if the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, including: If the growth curve meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

8. The blood culture detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second preset condition includes at least one of the following: The growth curve shows a first number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to a first threshold, or the time interval between consecutive values ​​of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to a first time interval threshold. The growth curve has a second consecutive number of first derivatives greater than or equal to a second threshold, or the time interval between consecutive first derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to a second time interval threshold. The growth curve has a third consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to a third threshold, or the time interval between consecutive second derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to a third time interval threshold.

9. The blood culture detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; obtaining the third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container based on the first and second information includes: The growth curve is obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve; preferably, the growth curve is obtained by subtracting the metabolic curve from the detection curve.

10. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times. Obtaining this second information, used to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container, includes: The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times, and the metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve. Alternatively, the first information may be discrete data obtained based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times, and the metabolic curve may be obtained by fitting the discrete data.

11. The blood culture detection system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve, including one of the following: The metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve within the second preset time period. The detection signal within the second preset time period is mainly derived from the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container. Preferably, the metabolic curve is obtained by similarity matching based on the detection curve. Alternatively, during the cultivation process, the detection curve can be periodically fitted to update the metabolic curve; Alternatively, within a second preset time period, the metabolic curve is obtained periodically through matching based on the detection curve, preferably through similarity matching based on the detection curve; outside the second preset time period, at least one of the metabolic curves obtained within the second preset time period is used as the metabolic curve to be used currently; the detection signal within the second preset time period is mainly derived from the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

12. The blood culture detection system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the metabolic curve by fitting the discrete data includes: The metabolic curve is obtained by fitting the discrete data using a fitting function, wherein the fitting function includes at least one of the following: Logarithmic fitting function; preferably, the logarithmic fitting function is expressed by the following formula: y = A1 * log B1 X i +C1; where X i The incubation time is y, which is the value of the detection curve; A1, B1, and C1 are variable fitting parameters. A quadratic fitting function; preferably, the quadratic fitting function is expressed by the following formula: Among them, X i The training time is y, which is the value of the detection curve; A2, B2, and C2 are variable fitting parameters.

13. The blood culture detection system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the metabolic curve through matching based on the detection curve includes: The metabolic curve is obtained through matching processing based on the blood volume of the blood sample and the detection curve; or, The detection curve is differentiated by first order and / or second order. Based on the results of the first and / or second derivatives, the metabolic curve is obtained through matching processing.

14. The blood culture detection system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the metabolic curve by fitting the discrete data includes: The discrete data is fitted using various different fitting functions to obtain multiple candidate metabolic curves and their fitting degrees; among the multiple candidate metabolic curves, the candidate metabolic curve with the highest fitting degree is selected as the metabolic curve.

15. The blood culture detection system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The alternative goodness of fit includes one of the following: The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used to compare each of the candidate metabolic curves with the detection curve to obtain the goodness of fit of the candidates. Alternatively, the goodness of fit can be obtained by comparing each of the candidate metabolic curves with the detection curve using a comparison algorithm, wherein the comparison algorithm includes: Where R is the goodness of fit, Y actual For the detection curve, Y predict As an alternative metabolic curve, Y mean This is the mean of the detection curve.

16. The blood culture detection system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The detection sensor is an optical sensor used to detect the change in reflectance of the colorimetric membrane at the bottom of the sample container, wherein the colorimetric membrane is used to react with acidic substances generated during the culture process, and the detection curve, the metabolic curve, and the growth curve are curves showing the change in reflectance with the culture time. Alternatively, the detection sensor is a chemisenter for detecting changes in the fluorescence intensity of fluorescent substances in the sample container, wherein the fluorescence intensity changes with microbial growth, and the detection curve, the metabolic curve, and the growth curve are curves showing the change in fluorescence intensity with culture time. Alternatively, the detection sensor is a pressure sensor for detecting pressure changes in the top space of the sample container, wherein the pressure changes are caused by gases produced and / or consumed by blood cells in the blood sample metabolizing in the culture medium of the sample container and by microorganisms in the blood sample growing in the culture medium of the sample container, and the detection curve, the metabolic curve, and the growth curve are curves of the gas pressure changing with the culture time.

17. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times. The step of marking and outputting the detection status of the blood sample as positive if the first information meets a first preset condition within a first preset time period includes: If the detection curve meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. The first preset condition includes at least one of the following: The detection curve shows a fourth consecutive number of values ​​greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, or the time interval between consecutive values ​​of the detection curve being greater than or equal to the fourth threshold is greater than or equal to a fourth time interval threshold. The first derivative of the detection curve appears for a fifth consecutive number of times that the first derivative is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold, or the time interval between consecutive times that the first derivative of the detection curve is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold is greater than or equal to the fifth time interval threshold. The second derivative of the detection curve appears to be greater than or equal to a sixth threshold for a sixth consecutive number of times, or the time interval between consecutive second derivatives of the detection curve being greater than or equal to the sixth threshold is greater than or equal to a sixth time interval threshold. The first and second derivatives of the detection curve are both greater than or equal to their respective preset thresholds, and the duration of the interval is greater than or equal to the preset time interval, or the number of data points is greater than or equal to the preset number.

18. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive, including: The third information within the first preset time period is input into a pre-trained machine learning model for judgment processing to confirm whether the third information meets the second preset condition. The machine learning model is trained using a training set that contains at least information related to the metabolism of blood cells in a culture medium within a blood sample.

19. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: During the cultivation process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the cultivation time reaches the end time of the first preset time period and the blood sample has not yet been marked as positive, a prompt to extend the cultivation is issued to the user or the cultivation is automatically extended. Alternatively, during the culture process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative to date. If the culture time reaches the end time of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended. Alternatively, during the cultivation process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the cultivation time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample has not yet been marked as having a positive detection status, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative. Alternatively, during the cultivation process, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the cultivation time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

20. The blood culture detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended; and / or, If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition and the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

21. The blood culture detection system according to claim 20, characterized in that, The third piece of information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times; The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive times; the third preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a seventh threshold and less than the first threshold. The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive values; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number. The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to the first time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold. The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to an eighth threshold and less than the second threshold. The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number. The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold. The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a ninth threshold and less than the third threshold. The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the second derivative of the growth curve has a consecutive number of times greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number; or, The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold, and the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold.

22. The blood culture detection system according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The automatic extension culture includes: Based on user-inputted or pre-set extension parameters, when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the culture time of the blood sample is automatically extended to the culture time corresponding to the extension parameters.

23. The blood culture detection system according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The notification to the user to extend the culture includes one of the following: The blood culture detection system further includes a display, and the controller controls the display to show a prompt for extended culture. Preferably, the controller controls the display to show an interface for extended culture. The interface for extended culture is provided with a first control for the user to select whether to extend the culture. The controller is also used to acquire the user's interactive operation on the first control to select to perform extended culture on the blood sample, or to select to abandon extended culture on the blood sample. Preferably, the interface for extended culture is also provided with a second control for the user to set extension parameters. The controller is also used to acquire the extension parameters input by the user and perform extended culture on the blood sample based on the extension parameters. Alternatively, the blood culture detection system may also include an indicator light, through which the controller sends a prompt to the user regarding the extended culture. Alternatively, the blood culture detection system may also include a speaker, through which the controller sends a prompt to the user regarding the extended culture. Alternatively, the controller may also be used to issue a prompt to the user regarding the extended culture via a user terminal or server.

24. The blood culture detection system according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: During the extended culture period, the detection signals of the blood sample are continuously acquired and processed to obtain the first information, and the second information is continuously acquired; based on the first information and the second information, the third information is obtained. If the first information meets the first preset condition during the extended culture period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If the third information meets the second preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If, at the end of the extended culture period, the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, then the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

25. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first and second information, third information is obtained relating to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

26. The blood culture detection system according to claim 25, characterized in that, The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; the process of obtaining the third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container based on the first and second information includes: The growth curve is obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve; preferably, the growth curve is obtained by subtracting the metabolic curve from the detection curve.

27. The blood culture detection system according to claim 25, characterized in that, The second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times. Obtaining this second information, used to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container, includes: The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times, and the metabolic curve is obtained by matching the detection curve. Alternatively, the first information may be discrete data obtained based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times, and the metabolic curve may be obtained by fitting the discrete data.

28. The blood culture detection system according to claim 25, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: The third information is analyzed and the analysis results are obtained. Based on the analysis results, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive, or the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative to date, or the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative, or a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user based on the analysis results, or the culture of the blood sample is automatically extended based on the analysis results. And / or, the blood culture detection system further includes a display, and the controller is further configured to: Control the display to show the third information.

29. The blood culture detection system according to claim 28, characterized in that, The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; and controlling the display to show the third information includes: The display is controlled to simultaneously show the detection curve, the metabolic curve, and the growth curve. Preferably, the display is controlled to show the detection curve, the metabolic curve, and the growth curve in the same coordinate system.

30. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; Based on the third information, the system may prompt the user to extend the culture period or automatically extend the culture period.

31. The blood culture detection system according to claim 30, characterized in that, The step of issuing a prompt to the user to extend the culture or automatically extending the culture based on the third information includes: If the cultivation time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the cultivation is issued to the user or the cultivation is automatically extended; and / or, If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition and does not meet the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

32. The blood culture detection system according to claim 31, characterized in that, The third piece of information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times; The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive times; the third preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a seventh threshold and less than the first threshold. The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive values; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number. The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to the first time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold. The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to an eighth threshold and less than the second threshold. The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number. The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold. The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a ninth threshold and less than the third threshold. The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the second derivative of the growth curve has a consecutive number of times greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number; or, The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold, and the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold.

33. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the first preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample; if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample. Alternatively, if the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition but meets the fourth preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is issued to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or, If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition and does not meet the fourth preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative, wherein the fourth preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

34. The blood culture detection system according to claim 33, characterized in that, If the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, including: The first information within the first preset time period is input into a pre-trained machine learning model for judgment processing. If the judgment processing confirms that the first information meets the fourth preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive. The machine learning model is trained using a training set that contains at least information related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium.

35. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; If the first information satisfies the preset model within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. Alternatively, if the first information does not satisfy the preset model when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date. Alternatively, if the first information within a first preset time period conforms to a preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended, wherein the preset model is a model established based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

36. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

37. The blood culture detection system according to claim 36, characterized in that, If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative to date, including one of the following: During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end time of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, a prompt to extend the incubation is issued to the user or the incubation is automatically extended. During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the first information is continuously judged and processed based on the first preset condition, and the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end time of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

38. The blood culture detection system according to claim 36, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended; and / or, If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition, and the third information still does not meet the second preset condition and the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

39. The blood culture detection system according to claim 38, characterized in that, The third piece of information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container at different culture times; The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive times; the third preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a seventh threshold and less than the first threshold. The second preset condition includes: the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a first threshold for a first number of consecutive values; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the value of the growth curve is greater than or equal to the first threshold is less than the first number. The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to the first time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the value of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the first threshold is shorter than the first time interval threshold. The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to an eighth threshold and less than the second threshold. The second preset condition includes: the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to a second threshold for a second consecutive number of times; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the first derivative of the growth curve appears to be greater than or equal to the second threshold is less than the second number. The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to the second time interval threshold; the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the first derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the second threshold is shorter than the second time interval threshold. The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve is greater than or equal to a ninth threshold and less than the third threshold. The second preset condition includes: the second derivative of the growth curve has a third consecutive number of times the second derivative is greater than or equal to a third threshold; the third preset condition includes: the number of times the second derivative of the growth curve has a consecutive number of times greater than or equal to the third threshold is less than the third number; or, The second preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to the third time interval threshold, and the third preset condition includes: the time interval during which the second derivative of the growth curve is continuously greater than or equal to the third threshold is shorter than the third time interval threshold.

40. The blood culture detection system according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: During the extended culture period, the detection signals of the blood sample are continuously acquired and processed to obtain the first information, and the second information is continuously acquired; based on the first information and the second information, the third information is obtained. If the first information meets the first preset condition during the extended culture period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If the third information meets the second preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If, at the end of the extended culture period, the first information does not meet the first preset condition and the third information does not meet the second preset condition, then the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

41. A blood culture detection system, characterized in that, include: An incubation module includes an incubation component and a temperature control component. The incubation component is used to load at least one sample container containing a blood sample and a culture medium and to culture microorganisms in the blood sample at a preset temperature. The temperature control component is used to regulate the preset temperature. The detection module includes at least one detection sensor, which is used to detect the blood sample and generate a detection signal for the blood sample; Controller, used for: The detection signal of the blood sample is acquired and processed to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; If the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive; or, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative.

42. The blood culture detection system according to claim 41, characterized in that, The first information is a detection curve generated based on the detection signals of the blood sample at different culture times; the second information is a metabolic curve related to the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; the third information is a growth curve related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample at different culture times in the culture medium of the sample container; obtaining the third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container based on the first and second information includes: The growth curve is obtained by processing the detection curve based on the metabolic curve; preferably, the growth curve is obtained by subtracting the metabolic curve from the detection curve.

43. The blood culture detection system according to claim 40, characterized in that, The second preset condition includes at least one of the following: The growth curve shows a first number of consecutive values ​​greater than or equal to a first threshold, or the time interval between consecutive values ​​of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the first threshold is longer than or equal to a first time interval threshold. The growth curve has a second consecutive number of first derivatives greater than or equal to a second threshold, or the time interval between consecutive first derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the second threshold is longer than or equal to a second time interval threshold. The growth curve has a third consecutive number of second derivatives greater than or equal to a third threshold, or the time interval between consecutive second derivatives of the growth curve being greater than or equal to the third threshold is longer than or equal to a third time interval threshold.

44. The blood culture detection system according to claim 41, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: If the cultivation time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition but meets the third preset condition, then a prompt to extend the cultivation is issued to the user or the cultivation is automatically extended; and / or, If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition and does not meet the third preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative.

45. The blood culture detection system according to claim 41, characterized in that, If the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked as negative to date, including one of the following: During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, a prompt to extend the incubation is issued to the user or the incubation is automatically extended. During the incubation process within the first preset time period, the third information is continuously judged and processed based on the second preset condition. If the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the blood sample is marked and output as negative to date. If the incubation time reaches the end of the first preset time period and the blood sample is still marked as negative to date, the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

46. ​​The blood culture detection system according to claim 44 or 45, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: During the extended culture period, the detection signals of the blood sample are continuously acquired and processed to obtain the first information, and the second information is continuously acquired; based on the first information and the second information, the third information is obtained. If the third information meets the second preset condition during the extended culture period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If the third information does not meet the second preset condition when the extended culture time period ends, the blood sample is marked and output as negative.

47. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. If the third information meets the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output.

48. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first and second information, third information is obtained relating to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container.

49. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; Based on the third information, the system may prompt the user to extend the culture period or automatically extend the culture period.

50. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; If the first information meets the first preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the first preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample; if the first information meets the fourth preset condition within the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked and output as positive, wherein the second preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample. Alternatively, if the incubation period reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition but meets the fourth preset condition, then a prompt to extend the incubation period is issued to the user or the incubation period is automatically extended; and / or, If the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, and the first information still does not meet the first preset condition and the fourth preset condition, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative, wherein the second preset condition is set based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

51. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; If the first information satisfies the preset model within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive and output. Alternatively, if the first information does not satisfy the preset model when the culture time reaches the end of the first preset time period, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date. Alternatively, if the first information within a first preset time period conforms to a preset model, a prompt to extend the culture is issued to the user or the culture is automatically extended, wherein the preset model is a model established based on the influence of the metabolism of blood cells in the culture medium on the detection signal of the blood sample.

52. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; If the first information does not meet the first preset condition within the first preset time period, and the third information does not meet the second preset condition within the first preset time period, then the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative to date.

53. A sample detection method, characterized in that, include: The detection module acquires the detection signal of the blood sample, and processes the detection signal to obtain the first information of the blood sample; Obtain second information to characterize the metabolism of blood cells in the blood sample within the culture medium of the sample container; Based on the first information and the second information, third information related to the growth of microorganisms in the blood sample in the culture medium of the sample container is obtained; If the third information meets the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as positive; or, if the third information does not meet the second preset condition, the detection status of the blood sample is marked as negative or negative.

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