Equipment room explosion-proof structure, explosion-proof plant, equipment room explosion-proof method and maintenance method

Abstract

The invention discloses an equipment room explosion-proof structure, an explosion-proof plant, an equipment room explosion-proof method and a maintenance method, and aims to reduce the required acting force when an anti-radiation cover plate is opened, so that the radiation shielding function and the effective explosion venting function of the anti-radiation cover plate can be met at the same time. The equipment room explosion-proof structure comprises an anti-radiation cover plate and a magnetic force adjusting assembly. The anti-radiation cover plate is horizontally hinged to the pressure relief opening in the top of the equipment room and used for closing or opening the pressure relief opening through rotation. The magnetic adjusting assembly comprises a permanent magnet and a magnetic adjuster; the permanent magnet is arranged at the end, away from the hinged position, of the anti-radiation cover plate. The magnetic regulator is arranged at the position, opposite to the permanent magnet, of the pressure relief opening of the equipment chamber. The magnetic force adjuster can adjust the magnetic force polarity and the magnetic force of the magnetic force adjuster, so that the magnetic force adjuster and the permanent magnet repel each other, the magnetic force generated when the magnetic force adjuster and the permanent magnet repel each other is adjusted, and therefore the acting force needed for opening the anti-radiation cover plate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear facility safety technology, specifically relating to an explosion-proof structure for an equipment room, an explosion-proof building, an explosion-proof method for an equipment room, and a maintenance method. Background Technology

[0002] In nuclear facilities, during the operation of equipment rooms containing radioactive materials, maintenance access points are typically installed and sealed with shielded covers to meet the requirements for maintenance and to facilitate radiation protection and personnel access. These covers, designed for radiation protection, are typically high-density and heavy, often requiring a crane to open and close.

[0003] Equipment rooms storing solvents with explosive hazards require pressure relief vents with pressure relief covers to release unburned mixtures and combustion products in the event of an explosion, preventing pressure from exceeding design limits and protecting the equipment room. To meet the explosion relief requirements of the equipment room, pressure relief covers typically need to be made of lightweight materials, which contradicts the high density and weight characteristics of radiation shielding materials.

[0004] In the post-processing project, some sub-projects' equipment rooms need to store highly radioactive source items and explosive solvents simultaneously due to process requirements. The cover plates of these equipment rooms must meet both radiation protection and explosion venting requirements. Existing shielding covers and pressure relief covers cannot simultaneously meet both radiation shielding and effective explosion venting functions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing an explosion-proof structure for equipment rooms, an explosion-proof workshop, an explosion-proof method for equipment rooms, and a maintenance method that can reduce the force required to open the radiation shielding cover when it is necessary to open it, thereby simultaneously satisfying the radiation shielding function and the effective explosion relief function of the radiation shielding cover.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an explosion-proof structure for an equipment room, comprising a radiation-proof cover and a magnetic adjustment assembly. The radiation-proof cover is horizontally hinged to a pressure relief port at the top of the equipment room, and is used to close or open the pressure relief port by rotation. The magnetic adjustment assembly includes a permanent magnet and a magnetic adjuster; the permanent magnet is disposed at the end of the radiation-proof cover away from the hinge position, and the magnetic adjuster is disposed at the pressure relief port of the equipment room opposite to the permanent magnet; the magnetic adjuster can adjust its own magnetic polarity and magnetic force to repel the permanent magnet, and adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster and the permanent magnet repel each other, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation-proof cover.

[0007] In some embodiments, the magnetic force regulator includes an electromagnet and a current regulating plate. The electromagnet is positioned opposite the permanent magnet at the pressure relief port of the equipment chamber. The current regulating plate is electrically connected to the electromagnet and is used to adjust the magnitude of the current to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnet's magnetic force, and to adjust the direction of the current to adjust the polarity of the electromagnet's magnetic force, so that the electromagnet and the permanent magnet repel each other, and to adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force when the electromagnet and the permanent magnet repel each other, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation shielding cover.

[0008] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room further includes a controller electrically connected to the current regulating plate. When the controller receives a maintenance instruction, it controls the current regulating plate to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to a first direction and adjust the current magnitude of the electromagnet to A1. When the controller receives an explosion relief instruction, it controls the current regulating plate to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to the first direction and adjust the current magnitude of the electromagnet to A2, where A2 < A1. When the current direction of the electromagnet is adjusted to the first direction, the electromagnet repels the permanent magnet.

[0009] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room further includes an elastic element. One end of the elastic element is connected to the radiation shielding cover, and the other end is connected to the side wall at the pressure relief port of the equipment room, for applying an upward elastic force to the radiation shielding cover when the pressure relief port is closed by the radiation shielding cover. When the elastic force is applied to the radiation shielding cover, the radiation shielding cover can close the pressure relief port under its own weight.

[0010] In some embodiments, the radiation shielding cover is hinged to the pressure relief port of the equipment room via a rotating shaft. The elastic element is a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the first end of the torsion spring abuts against the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover, and the second end of the torsion spring is connected to the side wall of the pressure relief port of the equipment room, for applying an upward torque to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover when the pressure relief port is closed.

[0011] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment compartment further includes a torque adjusting bolt. The torque adjusting bolt is disposed on the side wall at the pressure relief port of the equipment compartment and connected to the second end of the torsion spring; the length of the torque adjusting bolt screwed into the side wall at the pressure relief port of the equipment compartment is adjustable to adjust the relative position of the second end of the torsion spring and the side wall at the pressure relief port of the equipment compartment, thereby adjusting the tension of the torsion spring.

[0012] In some embodiments, the radiation shield is made of reinforced concrete.

[0013] Therefore, the explosion-proof structure for equipment rooms provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a radiation-proof cover plate at the pressure relief port on the top of the equipment room, can shield the radioactive radiation inside the equipment room, thus achieving the radiation shielding function of the radiation-proof cover plate; at the same time, by setting a permanent magnet at the end of the radiation-proof cover plate away from the hinge position, and setting a magnetic force regulator at the position opposite to the permanent magnet at the pressure relief port of the equipment room, the magnetic force regulator can adjust its own magnetic polarity and magnetic force, so that the magnetic force regulator and the permanent magnet repel each other and the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator and the permanent magnet repel each other can be adjusted, so that the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator and the permanent magnet repel each other can be used to overcome part of the weight of the radiation-proof cover plate, thereby reducing the amount of force required to open the radiation-proof cover plate. In the event of an explosion inside the equipment room, only a small force is needed to push the radiation-proof cover plate to rotate and open the pressure relief port for pressure relief, thus achieving the effective explosion relief function of the radiation-proof cover plate, and preventing the shock wave generated by the explosion inside the equipment room from being unable to be discharged in time and causing damage to the equipment inside the equipment room.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an explosion-proof factory building, which includes an equipment room and the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room described in the first aspect. The equipment room is used to store radioactive sources and explosive products, and a pressure relief vent is provided on the top of the equipment room.

[0015] In some embodiments, an annular flexible seal is provided at the pressure relief port of the equipment chamber. The annular flexible seal is used to seal the gap between the pressure relief port of the equipment chamber and the radiation shielding cover when the radiation shielding cover closes the pressure relief port.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an explosion-proof method for an equipment room, the method comprising: opening a pressure relief vent at the top of the equipment room; setting the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room as described in the first aspect at the pressure relief vent; when explosion relief is required, adjusting the magnetic polarity and magnitude of the magnetic force of the magnetic force regulator in the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room so that the magnetic force regulator repels the permanent magnet, and adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator repels the permanent magnet to reduce the magnitude of the force required to open the radiation shielding cover, thereby meeting the explosion relief requirements of the radiation shielding cover.

[0017] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for maintaining an equipment room. This method utilizes the explosion-proof structure for the equipment room described in the first aspect. The method includes: during maintenance, adjusting the magnetic polarity and magnitude of a magnetic regulator so that the magnetic regulator repels the permanent magnet, and the magnetic force when the magnetic regulator and the permanent magnet repel each other is equal to a first magnetic force, thereby reducing the force exerted by the operator when rotating the radiation shield cover and opening the pressure relief port; rotating the radiation shield cover to open the pressure relief port, allowing the operator to enter and exit the equipment room through the pressure relief port for maintenance; rotating the radiation shield cover to close the pressure relief port; and adjusting the magnetic force of the magnetic regulator so that the magnetic force when the magnetic regulator and the permanent magnet repel each other is equal to a second magnetic force, so that the force generated by an explosion in the equipment room can drive the radiation shield cover to rotate and open the pressure relief port, thereby meeting the explosion-proof requirements of the radiation shield cover.

[0018] The explosion-proof method and equipment room maintenance method provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned explosion-proof structure for equipment rooms, and will not be described again here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of an explosion-proof structure for an equipment room provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of an explosion-proof structure for an equipment room provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 : A partial cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof structure for an equipment room provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1-equipment room; 2-pressure relief port; 3-radiation shielding cover; 4-permanent magnet; 5-magnetic force adjuster; 6-elastic element; 7-rotating shaft; 8-torque adjusting bolt; 9-ring flexible seal. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an explosion-proof structure for an equipment room. The explosion-proof structure for an equipment room is applied in the nuclear power field and is used to simultaneously achieve the functions of shielding and explosion venting in an equipment room.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room includes a radiation shield cover 3 and a magnetic adjustment assembly. The radiation shield cover 3 is horizontally hinged to the pressure relief port 2 at the top of the equipment room 1, and is used to close or open the pressure relief port 2 by rotation. The magnetic adjustment assembly includes a permanent magnet 4 and a magnetic adjuster 5. The permanent magnet 4 is located at the end of the radiation shield cover 3 away from the hinge position, and the magnetic adjuster 5 is located at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment room 1 opposite to the permanent magnet 4. The magnetic adjuster 5 can adjust its own magnetic polarity and magnetic force to make the magnetic adjuster 5 repel the permanent magnet 4, and adjust the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation shield cover 3.

[0027] For example, the equipment room can be a reprocessing plant that simultaneously stores highly radioactive source terms and explosive products. Therefore, the equipment room must meet both radiation shielding requirements and explosion relief requirements.

[0028] The radiation shielding cover 3 is used to shield the radiation at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment room 1. The material and thickness of the radiation shielding cover 3 need to be set according to the type and dose of radiation in the equipment room 1 to ensure the effectiveness of shielding the radiation in the equipment room 1.

[0029] For example, the radiation shielding cover 3 is made of a high-density material, such as reinforced concrete or lead, which enables it to shield radiation from the equipment room. However, this also makes the radiation shielding cover 3 relatively heavy, making it difficult to move manually.

[0030] For example, the size (area) of the pressure relief vent 2 on the top of the equipment room 1 can be determined based on factors such as the type and total quantity of explosive products in the equipment room 1. Accordingly, the size of the radiation shield 3 is set according to the size of the pressure relief vent 2 (for example, the radiation shield 3 can completely cover the pressure relief vent 2) so that the radiation shield 3 can completely close the pressure relief vent 2.

[0031] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a groove is provided on the side wall of the pressure relief port 2, and the radiation shielding cover 3 is located in the groove when closed.

[0032] The magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 4 facing the magnetic force adjuster 5 can be arbitrary. By adjusting the magnetic polarity of the magnetic force adjuster 5 facing the permanent magnet 4, the magnetic force adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 can be made to repel each other. Therefore, when installing the permanent magnet 4, there is no need to consider the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 4 facing the magnetic force adjuster 5, which facilitates the installation of the permanent magnet 4.

[0033] For example, if the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 4 facing the magnetic force adjuster 5 is N, then the magnetic polarity of the magnetic force adjuster 5 facing the permanent magnet 4 is also adjusted to N; if the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 4 facing the magnetic force adjuster 5 is S, then the magnetic polarity of the magnetic force adjuster 5 facing the permanent magnet 4 is also adjusted to S.

[0034] The magnetic force regulator 5 is positioned opposite the permanent magnet 4, which allows the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force regulator 5 to act more effectively on the permanent magnet 4.

[0035] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the radiation shielding cover 3 is closed, if it is necessary to open the radiation shielding cover 3, it is necessary to overcome the entire weight of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0036] By setting up a magnetic force regulator 5 and a permanent magnet 4, and making the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other, the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other can be used to overcome part of the gravity of the radiation shielding cover 3, thereby reducing the amount of force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3 and making it easier to open the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0037] The working principle of the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room is illustrated below with an example. For ease of explanation, this manual will use the example of a force of 10kN required to open the radiation shield cover 3, without any other auxiliary measures.

[0038] For example, by adjusting the magnetic force of the magnetic regulator 5, the magnetic force when the magnetic regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other is 9.5kN. At this time, only a small force (10kN-9.5kN=0.5kN) is needed to open the radiation shielding cover 3. Unlike the existing technology, there is no need to use a crane to open the radiation shielding cover 3. For example, it can be opened manually. Thus, the radiation shielding cover 3 can meet the high radiation shielding function while being easy to open manually, allowing operators to easily enter and exit the equipment room for maintenance through the pressure relief port 2.

[0039] Similarly, when it is necessary to achieve the pressure relief function through the pressure relief port 2, the magnetic force of the magnetic force regulator 5 can be adjusted to adjust the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other. For example, it can be adjusted to 9 kN so that when the force generated by the explosion in the equipment chamber 1 is greater than 1 kN, the radiation shielding cover 3 can be easily pushed to open the pressure relief port 2 and relieve pressure, thereby realizing the effective explosion relief function of the radiation shielding cover 3 and preventing the shock wave generated by the explosion in the equipment chamber 1 from being unable to be discharged in time and causing damage to the equipment in the equipment chamber 1.

[0040] Furthermore, when the magnetic force of the magnetic force regulator 5 repulsion between the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 is adjusted to be greater than 10kN (e.g., 10.5kN), the radiation shield can be opened automatically.

[0041] Therefore, by adjusting the magnetic force of the magnetic regulator 5 itself, the magnetic force when the magnetic regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3, so that the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room can simultaneously meet the radiation shielding function and the effective explosion relief function, and the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room can be applied to radioactive plants with explosion hazards.

[0042] Therefore, the explosion-proof structure for the equipment room provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a radiation shielding cover 3 at the pressure relief port 2 at the top of the equipment room 1, can shield the radioactive radiation inside the equipment room 1, thus achieving the radiation shielding function of the radiation shielding cover 3; by setting a permanent magnet 4 at one end of the radiation shielding cover 3 away from the hinge position, and setting a magnetic force adjuster 5 at the position opposite to the permanent magnet 4 at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment room 1, and enabling the magnetic force adjuster 5 to adjust its own magnetic polarity and magnetic force, the magnetic force adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 can be made to repel each other and Adjusting the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other allows the magnetic force to overcome part of the weight of the radiation shielding cover 3, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3. This means that when an explosion occurs inside the equipment chamber 1, only a small force is needed to rotate the radiation shielding cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2 to release pressure, thus achieving the effective explosion relief function of the radiation shielding cover 3. This prevents the shock wave generated by the explosion inside the equipment chamber 1 from being unable to be discharged in time and causing damage to the equipment inside the equipment chamber 1.

[0043] In some embodiments, the magnetic force regulator 5 includes an electromagnet and a current regulating plate.

[0044] An electromagnet is positioned opposite the permanent magnet 4 at the pressure relief port 2 in the equipment chamber 1. A current regulating plate is electrically connected to the electromagnet and is used to adjust the magnitude of the current to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnet's magnetic force, as well as to adjust the direction of the current to adjust the polarity of the electromagnet's magnetic force, so that the electromagnet and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other. The plate also adjusts the magnitude of the magnetic force when the electromagnet and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0045] Understandably, the polarity of an electromagnet's magnetic force is related to the direction of the current flowing through it. The strength of an electromagnet's magnetic force is related to the magnitude of the current flowing through it.

[0046] For example, the current regulating board can be a DC power regulating board in the prior art.

[0047] For example, the current regulating plate includes a rheostat and a commutator. Adjusting the resistance of the rheostat can adjust the magnitude of the current output by the current regulating plate, and adjusting the commutator can adjust the direction of the current output by the current regulating plate.

[0048] The above settings allow for easy adjustment of the electromagnet's magnetic polarity and strength.

[0049] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room further includes a controller electrically connected to a current regulating plate. When the controller receives a maintenance instruction, it controls the current regulating plate to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to a first direction and adjust the current magnitude of the electromagnet to A1. When the controller receives an explosion relief instruction, it controls the current regulating plate to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to the first direction and adjust the current magnitude of the electromagnet to A2, where A2 < A1. When the current direction of the electromagnet is adjusted to the first direction, the electromagnet repels the permanent magnet 4.

[0050] For example, the controller can be a microcontroller (MCU), such as an STM32 series or Arduino series microcontroller.

[0051] Alternatively, the controller can also be a programmable logic controller (PLC), such as the CPU1214C and CPU1215C of the S7-1200 series manufactured by Siemens.

[0052] For example, when the controller receives a maintenance instruction, it controls the current regulating board to adjust the current of the electromagnet to 10A; when the controller receives an explosion relief instruction, it controls the current regulating board to adjust the current of the electromagnet to 9A.

[0053] With the above settings, the current of the electromagnet is greater when the controller receives a maintenance instruction, which can adjust the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnet during maintenance to be greater, so that the force required for the operator to turn the radiation shield 3 to open the pressure relief port 2 is smaller, making it easier for the operator to open the pressure relief port 2.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room also includes an elastic element 6. One end of the elastic element 6 is connected to the radiation shielding cover 3, and the other end is connected to the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment room 1. It is used to apply an upward elastic force to the radiation shielding cover 3 when the pressure relief port 2 is closed. When the above-mentioned elastic force is applied to the radiation shielding cover 3, the radiation shielding cover 3 can close the pressure relief port 2 under its own weight.

[0055] For example, the elastic element 6 can be a compression spring. One end of the compression spring abuts against the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1. When the radiation shielding cover 3 closes the pressure relief port 2, the compression spring is in a compressed state, thereby applying an upward elastic force to the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0056] With the above settings, when the pressure relief port 2 is closed on the radiation shielding cover 3, the upward elastic force applied by the elastic element 6 to the radiation shielding cover 3 can also overcome part of the weight of the radiation shielding cover 3, further reducing the amount of force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3. Therefore, with the cooperation of the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic force adjuster 5, the operator can open the heavier radiation shielding cover 3.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the radiation shielding cover 3 is hinged to the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1 via a rotating shaft 7. The elastic element 6 is a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 7. The first end of the torsion spring abuts against the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3, and the second end of the torsion spring is connected to the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1, which is used to apply an upward torque to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3 when the pressure relief port 2 is closed.

[0058] For example, the rotating shaft 7 is fixedly installed on the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1.

[0059] For example, a blind hole is provided on the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1. The second end of the torsion spring is inserted into the blind hole for fixation. At this time, the position of the second end of the torsion spring remains unchanged, and the first end of the torsion spring is used to output the torque of the torsion spring.

[0060] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the radiation shielding cover 3 is closed, the torsion spring is in a torsional deformation state. At this time, the torque generated by the torsion spring due to the torsional deformation is applied to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3 through the second end, thereby applying an upward torque to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0061] The torsion spring has a simple structure, stable and reliable operation, and long service life. When the radiation shielding cover 3 is closed, the torsion spring can continuously and stably apply an upward torque to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0062] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof structure of the equipment compartment further includes a torque adjusting bolt 8. The torque adjusting bolt 8 is disposed on the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment compartment 1 and is connected to the second end of the torsion spring. The length of the torque adjusting bolt 8 screwed into the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment compartment 1 is adjustable to adjust the relative position of the second end of the torsion spring and the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment compartment 1, thereby adjusting the tension of the torsion spring.

[0063] For example, a threaded hole is provided on the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1. The torque adjusting bolt 8 is screwed into the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1 through the threaded hole. The length of the torque adjusting bolt 8 screwed into the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1 can be adjusted by rotating the torque adjusting bolt 8.

[0064] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second end of the torsion spring forms a ring structure or a U-shaped structure. After passing through the torsion adjusting bolt 8, the ring structure or U-shaped structure abuts against the tail protrusion of the torsion adjusting bolt 8. This allows the torsion adjusting bolt 8 to rotate relative to the second end of the torsion spring, thereby adjusting the length of the torsion adjusting bolt 8 screwed into the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1.

[0065] Through the above settings, combined with Figure 3 When adjusting the length of the torque adjusting bolt 8 screwed into the side wall of the pressure relief port 2 in the equipment chamber 1, the torsion angle of the second end of the torsion spring relative to the first end can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the tightness of the torsion spring and adjusting the upward torque applied by the torsion spring to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover 3, thereby adjusting the force when the radiation shielding cover 3 is rotated to open the pressure relief port 2.

[0066] In some embodiments, the radiation shield 3 is made of reinforced concrete.

[0067] Reinforced concrete has a high density and low cost, which allows the radiation shielding cover 3 to have a good radiation shielding ability and a low construction cost.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] This invention also provides an explosion-proof building for use in nuclear facilities. The explosion-proof building includes an equipment room 1 and the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room in Embodiment 1. The equipment room 1 is used to store radioactive sources and explosive products, and a pressure relief vent 2 is provided on the top of the equipment room 1.

[0070] For example, an explosion-proof building can be a reprocessing building in a nuclear facility. Equipment room 1 is an equipment room in the reprocessing building that simultaneously stores highly radioactive source terms and explosive products; therefore, equipment room 1 must simultaneously meet the requirements for radiation shielding and explosion relief.

[0071] With the above settings, even if the radiation shielding cover 3 is made thicker for better shielding performance, resulting in a larger weight, the force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3 can be reduced by adjusting the repulsive force between the magnetic adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 in the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room. This allows the force generated by the explosion in the equipment room 1 to push the radiation shielding cover 3 to rotate, thereby opening the pressure relief port 2 for explosion relief. This prevents the force generated by the explosion in the equipment room 1 from being unable to be discharged and causing greater damage to the equipment inside the equipment room. Thus, while ensuring the radiation protection performance of the equipment room 1, the normal explosion relief function of the equipment room 1 can also be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the radiation protection and explosion protection performance of the explosion-proof building.

[0072] In some embodiments, an annular flexible seal 9 is provided at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1. The annular flexible seal 9 is used to seal the gap between the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1 and the radiation shielding cover 3 when the radiation shielding cover 3 closes the pressure relief port 2.

[0073] For example, an annular flexible seal 9 is disposed on the upper surface of the side wall at the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1. When the radiation shielding cover 3 is closed, it can squeeze the annular flexible seal 9 to seal the gap between the pressure relief port 2 of the equipment chamber 1 and the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0074] For example, the material of the annular flexible seal 9 is a radiation-resistant material, such as butyl rubber, EPDM rubber, fluororubber, etc., to improve the service life of the annular flexible seal 9.

[0075] The annular flexible seal 9 can enhance the sealing performance of the equipment chamber 1, thereby reducing the leakage of radioactive particles in the equipment chamber 1.

[0076] Example 3:

[0077] This invention also provides an explosion-proof method for an equipment room, the explosion-proof method for an equipment room 1, the method comprising: steps S1-S3.

[0078] S1. A pressure relief vent 2 is opened at the top of the equipment room 1.

[0079] The size (area) of the pressure relief port 2 can be determined based on factors such as the type and total amount of explosive products in the equipment room 1.

[0080] S2. Install the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room in Example 1 at the pressure relief port 2.

[0081] The size of the radiation shielding cover 3 of the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room can be set according to the size of the pressure relief port 2 so that the radiation shielding cover 3 can completely close the pressure relief port 2.

[0082] For example, the material, thickness, etc. of the radiation shielding cover 3 of the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room need to be set according to the type and dose of radiation in the equipment room 1 to ensure that the radiation shielding cover 3 can shield the radioactive radiation in the equipment room 1.

[0083] S3. When explosion venting is required, adjust the magnetic polarity and magnitude of the magnetic force regulator 5 in the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room so that the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other. Adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other to reduce the force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3 and meet the explosion venting requirements of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0084] For example, when explosion relief is required, by making the magnetic force regulator 5 repel the permanent magnet 4 and adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other, the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other can be used to overcome part of the weight of the radiation shielding cover 3, thereby reducing the magnitude of the force required to open the radiation shielding cover 3. When an explosion occurs inside the equipment room 1, only a small force is needed to easily push the radiation shielding cover 3 to rotate and open the pressure relief port 2 to relieve pressure, thus realizing the effective explosion relief function of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0085] Therefore, after the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room in Embodiment 1 is installed at the pressure relief port 2, the shock wave generated after the explosion in the equipment room 1 can be quickly discharged through the pressure relief port 2, which can prevent the shock wave generated by the explosion in the equipment room 1 from being unable to be discharged in time and causing damage to the equipment in the equipment room 1.

[0086] Example 4:

[0087] This invention also provides a method for overhauling an equipment room, which uses the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room in Embodiment 1, and includes steps S10-S40.

[0088] S10. During maintenance, adjust the magnetic polarity and magnitude of the magnetic force regulator 5 so that the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other, and make the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other equal to the first magnetic force, so as to reduce the force exerted by the operator when rotating the radiation shielding cover 3 and opening the pressure relief port 2.

[0089] For example, the first magnetic force can be set according to the actual situation on site.

[0090] For example, in the initial state, the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other is 0N. At this time, the force required for the operator to rotate the radiation shield cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2 is 10kN. During maintenance, the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other can be adjusted to 9.5kN (that is, the first magnetic force is equal to 9.5kN, which is 9.5kN more than the initial 0N). Then, the force required for the operator to rotate the radiation shield cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2 is reduced to 0.5kN (9.5kN less than the initial 10kN), thus making it easier for the operator to rotate the radiation shield cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2. Alternatively, during maintenance, the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster 5 repels the permanent magnet 4 can be adjusted to 9.7 kN (that is, the first magnetic force is equal to 9.7 kN, which is an increase of 9.7 kN compared to the initial state of 0 N). In this case, the force required for the operator to rotate the radiation shielding cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2 is reduced to 0.3 kN (a decrease of 9.7 kN compared to the initial state of 10 kN), thus making it easier for the operator to rotate the radiation shielding cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2. This avoids situations where a crane is required to open the pressure relief port 2 due to the excessive weight of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0091] S20. Rotate the radiation shielding cover 3 to open the pressure relief port 2, so that operators can enter and exit the equipment room 1 through the pressure relief port 2 to carry out maintenance on the equipment room 1.

[0092] For example, the size of the pressure relief port 2 must also be large enough for the operator to pass through.

[0093] S30. Rotate the radiation shield cover 3 to close the pressure relief port 2.

[0094] S40. Adjust the magnetic force of the magnetic force regulator 5 so that the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other is equal to the second magnetic force, so that the force generated by the explosion of the equipment chamber 1 can drive the radiation shielding cover 3 to rotate and open the pressure relief port 2, thereby meeting the explosion relief requirements of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0095] For example, the second magnetic force can be set according to factors such as the explosion venting requirements of the equipment room 1 and the size and weight of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0096] For example, through testing, to ensure the radiation shielding cover 3 meets the explosion venting requirements, the force exerted on the radiation shielding cover 3 by the explosion in equipment room 1 needs to be 1 kN to push the cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2, thus relieving pressure. If the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other is 0 N, the force required for the operator to rotate the radiation shielding cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2 is still 10 kN. Therefore, to meet the explosion venting requirements of the radiation shielding cover 3, the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other can be adjusted to 9 kN (i.e., the second magnetic force equals 9 kN). At this time, only an external force of 10 kN - 9 kN = 1 kN is needed to drive the radiation shielding cover 3 to rotate and open the pressure relief port 2. Therefore, when the force exerted on the radiation shielding cover 3 by the explosion in equipment room 1 is 1 kN, the cover 3 can be pushed to open the pressure relief port 2, thus relieving pressure and meeting the explosion venting requirements of the radiation shielding cover 3.

[0097] Therefore, by adjusting the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other, it is easier for the operator to rotate the radiation shield cover 3 and open the pressure relief port 2 when performing maintenance. After maintenance is completed, the operator can adjust the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator 5 and the permanent magnet 4 repel each other again to meet the explosion relief requirements of the radiation shield cover 3.

[0098] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof structure for an equipment room, characterized in that, include: A radiation shielding cover (3) is horizontally hinged to a pressure relief port (2) at the top of the equipment room (1) for opening or closing the pressure relief port (2) by rotation; and, The magnetic adjustment assembly includes a permanent magnet (4) and a magnetic adjuster (5); the permanent magnet (4) is located at the end of the radiation shield (3) away from the hinge position, and the magnetic adjuster (5) is located at the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment room (1) opposite to the permanent magnet (4); the magnetic adjuster (5) can adjust its own magnetic polarity and magnetic force so that the magnetic adjuster (5) and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other, and adjust the magnetic force when the magnetic adjuster (5) and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation shield (3).

2. The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic force regulator (5) includes: An electromagnet is positioned at the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment chamber (1) opposite to the permanent magnet (4); and, The current regulating plate is electrically connected to the electromagnet and is used to adjust the current of the electromagnet to adjust the magnetic force of the electromagnet, and to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to adjust the magnetic polarity of the electromagnet so that the electromagnet and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other, and to adjust the magnetic force when the electromagnet and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other, thereby reducing the force required to open the radiation shielding cover (3).

3. The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the current regulating plate; When the controller receives a maintenance instruction, it controls the current regulating plate to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to the first direction and adjust the current magnitude of the electromagnet to A1. When the controller receives the explosion relief instruction, it controls the current regulating plate to adjust the current direction of the electromagnet to the first direction and adjust the current magnitude of the electromagnet to A2, where A2 < A1. When the current direction of the electromagnet is adjusted to the first direction, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other.

4. The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes elastic elements (6); One end of the elastic element (6) is connected to the radiation shielding cover (3), and the other end is connected to the side wall of the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment room (1), which is used to apply an upward elastic force to the radiation shielding cover (3) when the pressure relief port (2) is closed by the radiation shielding cover (3); When the elastic force is applied to the radiation shield (3), the radiation shield (3) can close the pressure relief port (2) under its own gravity.

5. The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radiation shield cover (3) is hinged to the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment room (1) via a rotating shaft (7); The elastic element (6) is a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft (7); the first end of the torsion spring abuts against the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover (3), and the second end of the torsion spring is connected to the side wall at the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment room (1), which is used to apply an upward torque to the lower surface of the radiation shielding cover (3) when the pressure relief port (2) is closed by the radiation shielding cover (3).

6. The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a torque adjusting bolt (8); The torque adjusting bolt (8) is located on the side wall of the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment chamber (1) and is connected to the second end of the torsion spring. The length of the torque adjusting bolt (8) screwed into the side wall of the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment chamber (1) is adjustable to adjust the relative position of the second end of the torsion spring and the side wall of the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment chamber (1), thereby adjusting the tightness of the torsion spring.

7. The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation shield cover (3) is made of reinforced concrete.

8. An explosion-proof factory building, characterized in that, include: Equipment room (1) is used to store radioactive source items and explosive products. A pressure relief port (2) is provided on the top of the equipment room (1). and The explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The explosion-proof factory building according to claim 8, characterized in that, An annular flexible seal (9) is provided at the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment room (1). The annular flexible seal (9) is used to seal the gap between the pressure relief port (2) of the equipment room (1) and the radiation protection cover (3) when the pressure relief port (2) is closed by the radiation protection cover (3).

10. A method for explosion-proofing an equipment room, characterized in that, include: A pressure relief vent is opened at the top of the equipment room (2); An explosion-proof structure for the equipment room as described in any one of claims 1-7 is provided at the pressure relief port (2); When explosion relief is required, adjust the magnetic polarity and magnitude of the magnetic force of the magnetic force regulator (5) in the explosion-proof structure of the equipment room so that the magnetic force regulator (5) repels the permanent magnet (4), and adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator (5) and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other to reduce the force required to open the radiation shielding cover (3) and meet the explosion relief requirements of the radiation shielding cover (3).

11. A method for overhauling an equipment room, characterized in that, Using the explosion-proof structure for the equipment room according to any one of claims 1-7, the method comprises: During maintenance, the magnetic polarity and magnitude of the magnetic force adjuster (5) are adjusted so that the magnetic force adjuster (5) and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other, and the magnetic force when the magnetic force adjuster (5) and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other is equal to the first magnetic force, so as to reduce the force exerted by the operator when rotating the radiation shield cover (3) and opening the pressure relief port (2); Rotate the radiation shield cover (3) to open the pressure relief port (2) so that the operator can enter and exit the equipment room (1) through the pressure relief port (2) to carry out maintenance on the equipment room (1); Rotate the radiation shield cover (3) to close the pressure relief port (2); Adjust the magnetic force of the magnetic force regulator (5) so that the magnetic force when the magnetic force regulator (5) and the permanent magnet (4) repel each other is equal to the second magnetic force, so that the force generated by the explosion in the equipment room can drive the radiation shield cover (3) to rotate and open the pressure relief port (2), thereby meeting the explosion relief requirements of the radiation shield cover (3).

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