Self-locking supporting type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and tunnel construction equipment, and provides self-locking supporting type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment and a construction method thereof.The drilling equipment comprises a drilling mechanism, a middle propelling mechanism and a self-locking supporting mechanism; the self-locking supporting mechanism is connected with the drilling mechanism through the middle propelling mechanism, the drilling mechanism comprises a main body, a plurality of cutting tools, a plurality of liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies and a plurality of plasma nozzles, the plasma nozzles are arranged at the central position of the main body, and the cutting tools and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies are arranged on the main body. The multiple cutting tools and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies are sequentially and alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the plasma nozzle, liquid nitrogen nozzles are arranged in the centers of the cutting tools, the self-locking supporting mechanism comprises a self-locking supporting driving piece and a supporting claw, and the self-locking supporting driving piece can drive the supporting claw to conduct self-locking supporting relative to the surrounding rock wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and tunnel construction equipment, and particularly relates to a self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing deep hard rock drilling equipment generally relies on traditional drill pipe structures, which transmit power and position the equipment through the drill pipe. In deep drilling scenarios, excessively long drill pipes are prone to problems such as insufficient rigidity, vibration breakage, large power loss, and positioning deviation. Furthermore, traditional mechanical rock breaking relies on the action of a single cutting tool, which has the disadvantages of high rock breaking resistance and rapid tool wear due to the high hardness and toughness of deep hard rock.

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention designs a self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment and its construction method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment and its construction method, aiming to solve the problems of easy displacement and breakage, power loss and large rock breaking resistance of traditional drill pipe structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment, comprising a drilling mechanism, a central propulsion mechanism, and a self-locking support mechanism. The self-locking support mechanism is connected to the drilling mechanism through the central propulsion mechanism. The drilling mechanism includes a main body, a cutting tool, a liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly, and a plasma nozzle. The plasma nozzle is located at the center of the main body. There are multiple cutting tools and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies, which are arranged alternately around the plasma nozzle in a circumferential direction. A liquid nitrogen nozzle is located at the center of the cutting tool. The self-locking support mechanism includes a self-locking support drive and a support claw. The self-locking support drive can drive the support claw to perform self-locking support relative to the surrounding rock wall.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the self-locking support drive component includes a lead screw and a lead screw drive motor. The support claw includes an upper support claw and a lower support claw, which are arranged crosswise. The upper support claw is rotatably connected to the lead screw. The lead screw is fitted with a driven slider. The lower support claw is movably connected to the lead screw through the driven slider. The lead screw drive motor can drive the lead screw to rotate, thereby causing the driven slider to move in a direction close to or away from the central propulsion mechanism, thereby causing the upper support claw and the lower support claw to tighten or loosen relative to the surrounding rock wall.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple support claws, which are evenly distributed circumferentially on the lead screw. The end of the lead screw near the central propulsion mechanism is provided with an end head. The lower support claw is provided with a through hole in the middle. One end of the upper support claw is rotatably connected to the end head, and the other end of the upper support claw passes through the through hole and is hinged to the lower support claw.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the cutting tool includes multiple arc-shaped blades, each arc-shaped blade is provided with multiple cutting heads, the multiple arc-shaped blades are evenly arranged circumferentially, the multiple cutting heads are arranged sequentially at intervals in the radial direction, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle is located at the center of the multiple arc-shaped blades.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutting tool is provided with an end cap inside, and the end cap is provided with a liquid nitrogen nozzle drive component. One end of the liquid nitrogen nozzle drive component is fixedly connected to the end cap, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top wall inside the cutting tool. When the liquid nitrogen nozzle drive component extends or retracts, it can drive the liquid nitrogen nozzle to extend and retract relative to the cutting tool.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly includes a body, an impact hammer, a tool cooling nozzle, a rock cooling nozzle, and a plasma nozzle cooling nozzle. The impact hammer is located at the center of the body, the tool cooling nozzle and the plasma nozzle cooling nozzle are spaced apart along the side of the body, and the rock cooling nozzle is located on one side of the impact hammer at the top of the body.

[0011] The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment also includes a cutting tool rotation drive. The main body is provided with a top support plate. The cutting tool rotation drive includes a drive gear and a rotation gear. The drive gear is located on the top support plate, and the rotation gear is located at one end of the cutting tool near the top support plate. The drive gear and the rotation gear mesh with each other.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the main body is provided with a tail end cap near the end of the central propulsion mechanism. One end of the tail end cap is connected to the central propulsion mechanism, and the other end of the tail end cap is provided with a rotary bearing. The rotary bearing has multiple teeth circumferentially arranged on its inner side. A tail support plate is coaxially fixedly arranged on the tail end cap. A revolution drive gear is provided on the side of the tail support plate facing the tail end cap. The revolution drive gear meshes with the teeth. The rotation of the revolution drive gear can drive the rotary bearing to rotate, thereby driving the main body to rotate.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a construction method for a self-locking supported plasma and impact hammer combined assisted drilling equipment, applicable to a self-locking supported rodless plasma and impact head combined assisted deep drilling equipment as described in any of the above embodiments, the construction method comprising the following steps: S1, the equipment is lowered to the designated drilling position; S2, the self-locking support drive unit drives the support claw to move to press against the surrounding rock wall, and determines whether the force between the support claw and the surrounding rock wall reaches the locking condition. If the locking condition is not reached, the position of the self-locking support structure is adjusted to adjust the force between the support claw and the surrounding rock wall until the locking condition is reached. If the locking condition is reached, the self-locking support mechanism is locked, the equipment completes the rodless support fixation, and proceeds to step S3. S3, the drilling mechanism revolves, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly spray liquid nitrogen to cool and pre-treat the rock working face; S4, the drilling mechanism stops rotating, the plasma nozzle extends, and a high-temperature plasma jet is sprayed to heat the rock working face; S5, determine whether thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks have formed on the rock working face. If thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks have formed, the plasma nozzle stops heating and retracts, the drilling mechanism revolves, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly spray liquid nitrogen to cool the rock working face again. S6, the drilling mechanism stops its revolution, the central propulsion mechanism pushes the drilling mechanism to extend to the mechanical rock breaking working position, and the drilling mechanism and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly cooperate to carry out mechanical rock breaking; S7, mechanical rock breaking continues until the drilling load increases and the drilling speed slows down, then mechanical rock breaking is stopped.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, step S5 further includes the following steps: S5.1, if no thermal stripping holes or thermal damage cracks are formed, determine the rock properties of the rock working face; S5.2, if the rock properties are dense rock, proceed to step S4, reheat the rock working face, and increase the heat treatment time until thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks are formed; S5.3, if the rock properties are non-dense rock, skip the rock working face pretreatment operation and directly perform mechanical rock breaking.

[0015] Further, step S6 includes the following steps: S6.1, the drilling mechanism stops its revolution, and the central propulsion mechanism pushes the drilling mechanism to extend to the mechanical rock-breaking working position; S6.2, the impact hammer of the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly performs a rock hardness test on the rock working face to determine whether the rock working face is easy to drill. If the rock working face is easy to drill, the revolution of the drilling mechanism and the rotation of the cutting tool are coordinated to break the rock. The impact hammer and the cutting tool work simultaneously. During the rock-breaking process, the tool cooling nozzle continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the cutting tool. The cooling nozzle continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the impact hammer and the rock working face; S6.3, when it is difficult to drill holes in the rock working face and some cracks are generated, the impact hammer operates alone and continuously impacts the rock working face. During the impact, the rock cooling nozzle sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the impact hammer until impact holes and a large number of cracks are generated. The impact hammer stops operating, and the drilling mechanism revolves and the cutting tool rotates to break the rock. During the rock breaking process, the tool cooling nozzle continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the cutting tool, and the rock cooling nozzle continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the rock working face.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes a self-locking support mechanism. The self-locking support drive unit drives the support claws to stably support the drilling equipment against the surrounding rock wall, avoiding the offset, breakage, or power loss problems caused by excessively long drill pipes in traditional systems. This achieves rodless stable positioning and support. The vertical position of the drilling mechanism can be adjusted via a central propulsion mechanism to adapt to drilling needs at different depths, ensuring construction efficiency.

[0017] 2. By setting up plasma nozzles and liquid nitrogen nozzles, a processing mode of pre-cooling with liquid nitrogen, followed by plasma heating, and then further cooling with liquid nitrogen is adopted. This allows the high-temperature plasma jet and the liquid nitrogen cooling jet to work together. The pre-cooling and heating first creates thermally dissected cavities, providing additional free surfaces for mechanical rock breaking. The subsequent cooling intensifies the internal thermal stress difference in the rock, expanding crack damage and reducing the difficulty of mechanical rock breaking. By setting up a liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly to work in conjunction with the cutting blade, the impact holes generated by the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly provide additional free surfaces and cracks for the cutting blade, further reducing rock breaking resistance, extending the cutting blade life, and improving rock breaking efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the self-locking support mechanism and the central propulsion mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drilling mechanism provided by the present invention after removing the main body; Figure 5 This is a top view of the drilling mechanism provided by the present invention. Figure 6 This invention provides Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction shown in the figure; Figure 7 This invention provides Figure 6 An enlarged structural diagram of part A shown in the figure; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the construction method of the self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is another flowchart of the construction method of the self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment provided by the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Drilling mechanism; 11. Main body; 12. Cutting tool; 121. Liquid nitrogen nozzle; 122. Arc-shaped cutter body; 123. Cutter head; 124. End cap; 125. Liquid nitrogen nozzle drive unit; 13. Liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly; 131. Body; 132. Impact hammer; 133. Cutting tool cooling nozzle; 134. Rock cooling nozzle; 135. Plasma nozzle cooling nozzle; 136. Hydraulic swing cylinder; 137. Cam; 14. Plasma nozzle; 2. Central propulsion mechanism; 21. Support shell; 22. Multi-stage hydraulic cylinder; 3. Self-locking support mechanism 31. Self-locking support drive component; 311. Lead screw; 312. Lead screw drive motor; 313. Driven slider; 314. Through hole; 32. Support claw; 321. Upper support claw; 322. Lower support claw; 4. Cutting tool rotation drive component; 41. Drive gear; 42. Rotating gear; 43. Top support plate; 431. Multi-nozzle liquid nitrogen tank; 432. Liquid nitrogen nozzle for tool and liquid nitrogen tank; 44. Heating telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 45. Cooling telescopic hydraulic cylinder for drilling; 5. Tail end cap; 51. Rotary bearing; 52. Tail support plate; 53. Revolution drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] Combination Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, this disclosure provides a self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment, including a drilling mechanism 1, a central propulsion mechanism 2, and a self-locking support mechanism 3. The self-locking support mechanism 3 is connected to the drilling mechanism 1 through the central propulsion mechanism 2. The drilling mechanism 1 includes a main body 11, a cutting tool 12, a liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13, and a plasma nozzle 14. The plasma nozzle 14 is located at the center of the main body 11. There are multiple cutting tools 12 and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies 13, which are arranged alternately around the plasma nozzle 14. A liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 is provided at the center of the cutting tool 12. The self-locking support mechanism 3 includes a self-locking support drive member 31 and a support claw 32. The self-locking support drive member 31 can drive the support claw 32 to perform self-locking support relative to the surrounding rock wall.

[0025] The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment provided in this embodiment uses a self-locking support mechanism 3. The self-locking support drive component 31 drives the support claw 32 to stably support the drilling equipment on the surrounding rock wall, avoiding the offset breakage or power loss problems caused by excessively long drill pipes in traditional drilling methods, and achieving rodless stable positioning and support. The vertical position of the drilling mechanism 1 is adjusted by the central propulsion mechanism 2 to adapt to drilling needs at different depths and ensure construction efficiency. By setting up a plasma nozzle 14 and a liquid nitrogen nozzle 121, a processing mode of liquid nitrogen pre-cooling, plasma heating, and liquid nitrogen cooling is adopted. This allows the high-temperature plasma jet and the liquid nitrogen cooling jet to work together. Pre-cooling and heating first generate thermal stripping cavities, providing additional free surfaces for mechanical rock breaking. Then cooling exacerbates the internal thermal stress difference of the rock, expands crack damage, and reduces the difficulty of mechanical rock breaking. By setting up a liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 to work in conjunction with the cutting tool 12, the impact holes generated by the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 provide additional free surfaces and cracks for the cutting tool 12, further reducing rock breaking resistance, extending the life of the cutting tool 12, and improving rock breaking efficiency.

[0026] Based on the above technical solutions, such as Figure 3 As shown, the self-locking support drive component 31 includes a lead screw 311 and a lead screw drive motor 312. The support claw 32 includes an upper support claw 321 and a lower support claw 322, which are arranged crosswise. The upper support claw 321 is rotatably connected to the lead screw 311. The lead screw 311 is fitted with a driven slider 313. The lower support claw 322 is movably connected to the lead screw 311 through the driven slider 313. The lead screw drive motor 312 can drive the lead screw 311 to rotate, thereby causing the driven slider 313 to move in a direction closer to or away from the central propulsion mechanism 2, thereby causing the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322 to tighten or loosen relative to the surrounding rock wall.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple support claws 32, which are evenly distributed circumferentially on the lead screw 311. The lead screw 311 has an end head near the middle propulsion mechanism 2. The lower support claw 322 has a through hole 314 in the middle. One end of the upper support claw 321 is rotatably connected to the end head, and the other end of the upper support claw 321 passes through the through hole 314 and is hinged to the lower support claw 322.

[0028] To achieve synchronous expansion or retraction of the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322, a hinge shaft is provided within the through hole 314, and the hinge shaft passes through the upper support claw 321. The self-locking support mechanism 3 also includes a support housing. The lead screw drive motor 312 is fixed to the top center of the support housing. The output end of the lead screw drive motor 312 is coaxially connected to a high-precision ball screw 311 via a coupling. The annular driven slider 313 is fixedly connected to the nut seat of the lead screw 311. The support housing is provided with guide grooves corresponding to the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322. Guide rails are provided on both sides of the guide grooves. The upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322 move only axially through the cooperation of the guide grooves and guide rails.

[0029] The outer ends of the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322 are provided with a stepped anti-slip structure. The stepped anti-slip structure is connected to the claw body through a universal joint and can swing adaptively with the inclination angle of the surrounding rock wall to ensure that the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322 are in surface contact with the rock wall, thereby improving the support capacity and stability of the equipment.

[0030] A pressure sensor is installed at the root of each upper support claw 321 and lower support claw 322 along its axial direction to read the force signal in the axial direction of the support claw, which is used to determine the support status of the self-locking support mechanism 3 and to determine whether the equipment has been stably locked.

[0031] The axial force of a single lower support claw 322 is F xi The effective component of the force in the vertical direction is F. xi⊥ = F xi × cosθ d , where θ d Let F be the angle between the lower support claw 322 and the vertical rock wall. The total resultant force in the vertical direction of the four lower support claws 322 is F. X = cosθ d1 ×F x1 + cosθ d2 × F x2 + cosθ d3 × F x3 + cosθ d4 × F x4 The axial force of a single upper support claw 321 is F. si The effective component of the force in the vertical direction is F. si⊥ = F si × cosθ u , where θ u Let F be the angle between the upper support claw 321 and the vertical rock wall. The total resultant force in the vertical direction of the four upper support claws 321 is F. S = cosθ u1 × F s1 + cosθu2 × F s2 + cosθ u3 × F s3 + cosθ u4 × F s4 .

[0032] During the equipment positioning phase, the equipment's own weight is denoted as G, and a gravity adaptation error threshold Δ1 is set, where 5%G≤Δ1≤8%G. When |F X When - G| ≤ Δ1, that is, the deviation between the total vertical force of the lower support claw 322 and the weight of the equipment is within the allowable range, the equipment is determined to be firmly supported, the screw drive motor 312 brakes, and the self-locking support mechanism 3 locks.

[0033] During the cutting operation, the axial thrust of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 is set as F. T Set the thrust adaptation error threshold Δ2, where 5%F T ≤Δ2≤8%F T When | F S - F T When | ≤ Δ2, that is, the deviation between the total vertical force of the upper support claw 321 and the propulsion force is within the allowable range, it is determined that the upper support claw 321 fully bears the propulsion reaction force, avoids axial displacement of the equipment, and ensures operational stability.

[0034] Based on the above technical solutions, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the cutting tool 12 includes multiple arc-shaped blades 122, each arc-shaped blade 122 having multiple blade heads 123. The multiple arc-shaped blades 122 are evenly arranged circumferentially, and the multiple blade heads 123 are arranged sequentially at intervals in the radial direction. The liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 is located at the center of the multiple arc-shaped blades 122.

[0035] Specifically, the number of cutting tools 12 is preferably three, and the three cutting tools 12 are evenly distributed along the front circumference of the main body 11. The number of arc-shaped cutter bodies 122 is preferably six, and the six arc-shaped cutter bodies 122 are evenly arranged in sequence along the circumference. Chip removal grooves are provided between adjacent arc-shaped cutter bodies 122 for discharging rock debris during the cutting and rock breaking process. The extension length of the multiple cutter heads 123 is greater than the radial dimension of the main body 11, ensuring that the borehole diameter is greater than the diameter of the drilling mechanism 1 itself, and meeting the preset working hole diameter requirements.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, the cutting tool 12 has an end cap 124 inside, and the end cap 124 has a liquid nitrogen nozzle drive 125. One end of the liquid nitrogen nozzle drive 125 is fixedly connected to the end cap 124, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top wall inside the cutting tool 12. When the liquid nitrogen nozzle drive 125 extends or retracts, it can drive the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 to extend and retract relative to the cutting tool 12.

[0037] Specifically, the axis of the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 coincides with the rotation axis of the cutting tool 12, ensuring that the liquid nitrogen spray direction is consistent with the cutting operation direction. A sliding sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121, which not only guides the extension and retraction of the nozzle 121 but also effectively prevents jamming or sticking during extension and retraction, while improving the sealing performance between the nozzle and the external structure. The bottom of the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 is fixedly connected to the end cap 124, which has a wiring groove to accommodate hydraulic lines, control lines, and other components, achieving an orderly arrangement of the pipelines. Two liquid nitrogen nozzle drive components 125, preferably liquid nitrogen nozzle extension and retraction hydraulic cylinders, are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the end cap 124 via a flange structure. The two hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically distributed in a circle around the axis of the central liquid nitrogen nozzle 121, ensuring balanced extension and retraction driving force and preventing eccentric deformation during nozzle extension and retraction.

[0038] The liquid nitrogen nozzle telescopic hydraulic cylinder serves as the driving component. Its telescopic movement directly controls the axial displacement of the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121. When the piston rod of the liquid nitrogen nozzle telescopic hydraulic cylinder extends, it drives the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 to retract axially along the sliding sleeve through the transmission structure, moving it away from the cutting operation area to avoid collision damage with the rock during the cutting process. When the piston rod of the liquid nitrogen nozzle telescopic hydraulic cylinder retracts, the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 extends axially along the sliding sleeve to the working position, spraying liquid nitrogen directly at the cutting area. This driving method achieves precise and controllable nozzle telescopic movement, ensuring coordinated operation between liquid nitrogen spraying and cutting, and improving the targeted cooling effect.

[0039] Based on the above technical solutions, such as Figure 2 As shown, the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 includes a body 131, an impact hammer 132, a tool cooling nozzle 133, a rock cooling nozzle 134, and a plasma nozzle cooling nozzle 135. The impact hammer 132 is located at the center of the body 131. The tool cooling nozzle 133 and the plasma nozzle cooling nozzle 135 are spaced apart along the side of the body 131. The rock cooling nozzle 134 is located on one side of the impact hammer 132 at the top of the body 131.

[0040] Specifically, the number of the tool cooling spray nozzles 133 is multiple; for example, if there are two, then... Figure 5As shown, two tool cooling nozzles 133 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plasma nozzle cooling nozzle 135 along the circumference of the body 131. The tool cooling nozzles 133 on both sides are respectively oriented towards the adjacent cutting tools 12 on both sides, and the angle between the axis of the two nozzles and the axis of the middle plasma nozzle cooling nozzle 135 is preferably 50°. This ensures that the spray range completely covers the cutting edge area of ​​the cutting tools 12 on both sides, achieving all-round cooling of the cutting tools 12 without dead angles. Figure 5 As shown, the plasma nozzle cooling spray port 135 is positioned towards the center of the plasma nozzle 14 to cool the spray head of the plasma nozzle 14, preventing the high-temperature plasma from ablating the nozzle material. There are multiple rock cooling spray ports 134; taking two as an example, the two rock cooling spray ports 134 are arranged side-by-side on one side of the impact hammer 132. The spray range of the two rock cooling spray ports 134 can cover the drill bit working area of ​​the impact hammer 132 and the surface of the rock to be broken. After liquid nitrogen spraying, the rock temperature can be rapidly reduced, the rock structure embrittled, and the cutting edge of the drill bit of the impact hammer 132 directly cooled, reducing drill bit wear and thermal deformation, and extending the drill bit's service life.

[0041] In order to drive the impact action of the impact hammer 132, such as Figure 6 As shown, the main body 131 is internally equipped with a hydraulic swing cylinder 136 and a cam 137. The output end of the hydraulic swing cylinder 136 is fixedly connected to the cam 137, driving the cam 137 to reciprocate around its own axis. The profile curve of the cam 137 is an involute structure. When the cam 137 swings, it contacts the end face roller of the bottom cylinder of the impact hammer 132 through the profile surface, converting the rotational swing into the axial reciprocating motion of the cylinder, thereby driving the impact hammer 132 to achieve high-frequency impact action. A cylindrical helical compression spring is fitted inside the bottom cylinder of the impact hammer 132. One end of the spring abuts against the bottom end face of the cylinder, and the other end is fixed to the spring seat of the impact hammer 132 housing. The spring not only buffers the reaction force generated by the impact hammer 132 during impact, avoiding rigid collision damage, but also provides the impact hammer 132 with reset power when the cam 137 returns, increasing the impact frequency.

[0042] The liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 integrates liquid nitrogen cooling and mechanical impact functions. Through multiple liquid nitrogen injection ports, it precisely cools and works in conjunction with the impact hammer 132 to break rocks, thereby improving rock cutting efficiency and protecting core components.

[0043] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment also includes a cutting tool rotation drive 4. The main body 11 is provided with a top support plate 43. The cutting tool rotation drive 4 includes a drive gear 41 and a rotation gear 42. The drive gear 41 is located on the top support plate 43, and the rotation gear 42 is located at one end of the cutting tool 12 near the top support plate 43. The drive gear 41 and the rotation gear 42 mesh with each other.

[0044] Specifically, the drive gear 41 is located on the upper surface of the top support plate 43, and a hydraulic motor is located on the lower surface of the top support plate 43. The output end of the hydraulic motor passes through the top support plate 43 and is connected to the drive gear 41. The hydraulic motor drives the drive gear 41 to rotate, thereby driving the rotation gear 42 to rotate. The rotation gear 42 is connected to the main shaft of the cutting tool 12 through a flat key, thereby driving the cutting tool 12 to rotate.

[0045] To supply liquid nitrogen to the tool cooling nozzle 133, rock cooling nozzle 134, and plasma nozzle cooling nozzle 135 in the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a multi-nozzle liquid nitrogen tank 431 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the top support plate 43. The number of multi-nozzle liquid nitrogen tanks 431 is the same as the number of liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies 13 and corresponds one-to-one. They are connected to the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies 13 through liquid nitrogen delivery pipelines.

[0046] To supply liquid nitrogen to the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 at the center of the cutting tool 12, such as Figure 4 As shown, the lower surface of the top support plate 43 is provided with a liquid nitrogen nozzle and liquid nitrogen tank 432 for cutting tools. The number of liquid nitrogen nozzles and liquid nitrogen tanks 432 is the same as that of the cutting tools 12, and they correspond one-to-one. They are connected to the liquid nitrogen nozzles 121 located at the center of the cutting tools 12 through liquid nitrogen delivery pipelines. The multi-nozzle liquid nitrogen tanks 431 and the liquid nitrogen nozzles and liquid nitrogen tanks 432 for cutting tools are arranged alternately around the top support plate 43. The rear ends of the multiple liquid nitrogen nozzles and liquid nitrogen tanks 432 for cutting tools are connected together by extension plates, which can improve the stability of the liquid nitrogen nozzles and liquid nitrogen tanks 432 for cutting tools to a certain extent.

[0047] To drive the plasma nozzle 14 at the center of the main body 11 to extend and retract, such as Figure 6As shown, three heated telescopic hydraulic cylinders 44 are fixedly installed at the center of the extension plate. The other end of the heated telescopic hydraulic cylinders 44 is connected to the tail of the plasma nozzle 14 through a flange. The three heated telescopic hydraulic cylinders 44 are distributed in an equilateral triangle around the axis of the plasma nozzle 14 to ensure balanced driving force and avoid uneven load during the extension and retraction of the plasma nozzle 14. Before the plasma nozzle 14 starts working, the piston rod of the heated telescopic hydraulic cylinder 44 extends, driving the plasma nozzle 14 to move forward along the axial direction to the preset working position, so that the outlet of the plasma nozzle 14 maintains a reasonable distance from the rock working surface, ensuring the rock-breaking effect of the plasma jet. At the same time, the extended state of the plasma nozzle 14 can keep the high-temperature jet at a safe distance from the surrounding equipment, preventing high-temperature radiation from causing thermal damage to the cutting tool 12 and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 and other surrounding components. After the rock heating and rock-breaking operation is completed, the piston rod of the heated telescopic hydraulic cylinder 44 retracts, driving the central plasma nozzle 14 to move backward along the axial direction to a safe avoidance position, avoiding collision and interference with other components during cutting and impact operations.

[0048] The plasma nozzle 14 is positioned at the center of the main body 11, with its axis collinear with the rotation axis of the main body 11. This ensures that the plasma jet acts on the core of the rock working face, working in conjunction with the cutting tool 12 and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13. The plasma nozzle 14 adopts an integrated sealed structure design. The main body 11 of the plasma nozzle 14 consists of a copper anode and a zirconium core cathode inside a high-temperature resistant ceramic jacket. The ceramic jacket provides structural support and protection while also acting as insulation. The outlet of the plasma nozzle 14 adopts a contraction-expansion nozzle design, which can compress the plasma jet, increase the jet velocity and energy density, and enhance the thermal rock breaking effect. The plasma nozzle 14 integrates three sets of pipes at its tail through a sealed interface. The first is a high-voltage wire that provides a high-voltage pulse electric field for plasma generation. The second is an air supply pipe that delivers dry compressed air. After the air enters the nozzle, it is ionized under the action of the high-voltage electric field between the anode and cathode to form plasma. The continuously supplied air blows the plasma out of the nozzle, forming a high-temperature, high-speed plasma jet. The third is a cooling water pipe that carries circulating cooling water. The cooling water flows along the spiral cooling channel inside the plasma nozzle 14 to directly cool the anode, cathode, and inner wall of the nozzle, preventing the electrodes from burning due to high temperature and the nozzle from being damaged due to thermal deformation.

[0049] When the plasma nozzle 14 is working, the high-temperature plasma jet continuously acts on the center of the rock face. The high-temperature jet rapidly transfers heat to the interior of the rock, causing the rock in the central area to instantly heat up to a melting or thermally embrittled state, forming a localized concentration of thermal stress. Ultimately, this achieves thermal stripping of the rock and forms a central cavity. The central cavity provides an additional free surface for the cutting of the surrounding rock, significantly reducing cutting resistance. At the same time, the high temperature in the central area diffuses to the surrounding rock through heat conduction, creating a temperature gradient inside the rock. This leads to uneven thermal expansion and contraction, exacerbating the expansion of existing cracks and the generation of new cracks inside the rock, making the overall rock structure loose and further reducing the difficulty of rock breaking.

[0050] To drive the extension and retraction of the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the main body 11 is equipped with a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 45 for cooling drilling. The liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 is located on the upper surface of the top support plate 43, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 45 for cooling drilling is located on the lower surface of the top support plate 43. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 45 for cooling drilling is a double-acting single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body is rigidly fixedly connected to the extension support plate extending from one side of the tail end of the multi-nozzle liquid nitrogen tank 431 through a flange, ensuring coaxiality of the connection and avoiding lateral force during extension and retraction. The extension and retraction action of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 45 for cooling drilling directly drives the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 to achieve axial displacement, meeting the switching requirements between the working position and the avoidance position.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the central propulsion mechanism 2 includes a supporting housing 21 and a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 disposed inside the supporting housing 21. The tail end of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the supporting housing 21 via a flange, and a high-strength elastic gasket is installed on the connection surface to absorb operational vibration and ensure connection sealing. The piston rod end of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 is coaxially fixed to the tail end cover 5 of the drilling mechanism 1 via a high-precision flange, avoiding lateral load during propulsion and ensuring the axial feed accuracy of the drilling mechanism 1. The piston rods of each stage of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 adopt a combined sealing structure of lip-shaped sealing dust rings, which is adapted to the working pressure range of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 and can effectively prevent hydraulic oil leakage, ensuring the smoothness of multi-stage telescopic movements. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 integrates multiple high-precision sensors: first, a wire-type displacement sensor that detects the piston rod extension and retraction stroke in real time to achieve precise control of the feed amount; second, a pressure sensor that monitors the pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and provides real-time feedback on the propulsion force; and third, an automatic shutdown protection sensor that sets maximum extension and minimum retraction limits to prevent the hydraulic cylinder from overtraveling and causing structural damage.

[0052] In the initial state, the self-locking support mechanism 3 is deployed and fixed to the working surface, ensuring the support stability of the entire equipment. During the cutting feed, the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 is controlled to extend gradually, driving the drilling mechanism 1 to advance axially and complete a single cutting operation. After each cutting operation is completed, the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 extends a certain distance according to preset parameters, and the drilling mechanism 1 enters the next cutting cycle until the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 reaches its maximum extension stroke. When the length of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 reaches its limit, the drilling mechanism 1 stops working, the self-locking support mechanism 3 is released, and the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 retracts in the opposite direction, driving the entire drilling mechanism 1 and the self-locking support mechanism 3 to descend synchronously to the next working surface. After the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 is completely retracted, the self-locking support mechanism 3 is fixed again, and the next round of multi-cycle cutting operation begins.

[0053] Based on the above technical solutions, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the main body 11 is provided with a tail end cover 5 near the end of the central propulsion mechanism 2. One end of the tail end cover 5 is connected to the central propulsion mechanism 2, and the other end of the tail end cover 5 is provided with a rotary bearing 51. The rotary bearing 51 has multiple teeth arranged circumferentially on its inner side. A tail support plate 52 is coaxially fixedly provided on the tail end cover 5. A revolution drive gear 53 is provided on the side of the tail support plate 52 facing the tail end cover 5. The revolution drive gear 53 meshes with the teeth. The rotation of the revolution drive gear 53 can drive the rotary bearing 51 to rotate, thereby driving the main body 11 to rotate.

[0054] Specifically, the tail support plate 52 is equipped with multiple hydraulic motors, and the output ends of these motors facing one end of the tail end cover 5 are equipped with revolution drive gears 53. These revolution drive gears 53 simultaneously mesh with the teeth of the rotary bearing 51, and do not interfere with each other. A support column is connected to the tail support plate 52 at the center of the tail end cover 5, and a slide rail is provided circumferentially along the edge of the tail support plate 52. One end of the tail end cover 5 is rigidly connected to the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 of the central propulsion mechanism 2, while the other end remains stationary synchronously with the tail support plate 52 via the support column. When the main body 11 rotates, the slide rail engages with a groove on the inner wall of the main body 11, providing radial guidance for the revolution of the main body 11 while also sharing the radial load of the rotary bearing 51, reducing wear on the rotary bearing 51.

[0055] When the hydraulic motor driving the revolution drive gear 53 starts, the output shaft drives the revolution drive gear 53 to rotate. Through the meshing of the gear and the teeth of the internal gear ring of the slewing bearing 51, the slewing bearing 51 and the connected main body 11 are driven to rotate around the central axis, realizing the revolution action. The revolution hydraulic motor supports stepless speed regulation and can be flexibly adjusted according to the hardness of the working face rock and the cutting progress to ensure a reasonable match with the rotation speed of the cutting tool 12, avoiding rigid impact between the cutting tool 12 and the rock.

[0056] Driven by its revolution, the rotating cutting tool 12 can achieve full-range coverage cutting of the rock on the working face, with no blind spots and avoiding local rock residue. The rotation ensures the cutting depth and rock-breaking efficiency of a single cutting tool 12, while the revolution drives multiple cutting tools 12 to rotate simultaneously, thus expanding the working range. The two work together to subject the rock to a combined effect of local cutting and overall stripping. Combined with the thermal rock breaking effect of the central plasma nozzle 14 and the embrittlement effect of liquid nitrogen cooling, the rock breaking resistance is greatly reduced and the rock breaking efficiency is improved.

[0057] Combination Figure 8 As shown, this disclosure provides a construction method for a self-locking supported plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment, applicable to the self-locking supported plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment as described in any of the above embodiments. The construction method includes the following steps: S1, the equipment is lowered to the designated drilling position; S2, the self-locking support drive 31 drives the support claw 32 to move to press against the surrounding rock wall. It is determined whether the force between the support claw 32 and the surrounding rock wall reaches the locking condition. If the locking condition is not reached, the position of the self-locking support structure is adjusted to adjust the force between the support claw 32 and the surrounding rock wall until the locking condition is reached. If the locking condition is reached, the self-locking support mechanism 3 locks, the equipment completes the rodless support fixation, and proceeds to step S3. S3, the drilling mechanism 1 revolves, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 spray liquid nitrogen to cool and pre-treat the rock working face; S4, the drilling mechanism 1 stops its revolution, the plasma nozzle 14 extends, and a high-temperature plasma jet is sprayed to heat the rock working face; S5, determine whether thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks have formed on the rock working face. If thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks have formed, the plasma nozzle 14 stops heating and retracts, the drilling mechanism 1 revolves, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle 121 and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 spray liquid nitrogen to cool the rock working face again. S6, the drilling mechanism 1 stops revolving, the central propulsion mechanism 2 pushes the drilling mechanism 1 to extend to the mechanical rock breaking working position, and the drilling mechanism 1 and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 cooperate to carry out mechanical rock breaking; S7, mechanical rock breaking continues until the drilling load increases and the drilling speed slows down, then mechanical rock breaking is stopped.

[0058] Specifically, in step S2, the lead screw drive motor 312 drives the lead screw 311 to rotate, causing the driven slider 313 to move, thereby pushing the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322 to unfold synchronously until the support claw heads contact the surrounding rock wall, pressing against the surrounding rocks. The pressure sensor values ​​on the upper support claw 321 and the lower support claw 322 are read to determine the locking condition. The pressure sensor collects F values ​​in real time. xi F si Calculate F in this way X F S When | F X When G|≤Δ1, that is, the deviation between the total vertical force of the lower support claw 322 and the weight of the equipment is within the allowable range, the equipment is determined to be firmly supported, the screw drive motor 312 applies the brake, and the self-locking support mechanism 3 is locked; if the locking condition is not met, the screw drive motor 312 finely adjusts the slider displacement to correct the angle and force of the support claw 32 until the locking condition is met.

[0059] Based on the above technical solution, step S5 further includes the following steps: S5.1 Determine the rock properties of the working face in the absence of thermal delamination pores and thermal damage cracks; S5.2, If the rock is dense, proceed to step S4, reheat the working surface of the rock and increase the heat treatment time until thermal peeling holes and thermal damage cracks are formed. S5.3, when the rock is non-dense, skip the pretreatment of the rock working face and directly carry out mechanical rock breaking.

[0060] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, step S6 includes the following steps: S6.1, Drilling mechanism 1 stops revolving, and central propulsion mechanism 2 pushes drilling mechanism 1 to extend to the mechanical rock breaking working position; S6.2, the impact hammer 132 of the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly 13 performs a rock hardness test on the rock working face to determine whether the rock working face is easy to drill. If the rock working face is easy to drill, the drilling mechanism 1 revolves and the cutting tool 12 rotates to break the rock. The impact hammer 132 and the cutting tool 12 work at the same time. During the rock breaking process, the tool cooling nozzle 133 continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the cutting tool 12, and the rock cooling nozzle 134 continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the impact hammer 132 and the rock working face. S6.3, when it is difficult to drill holes in the rock working face and some cracks are generated, the impact hammer 132 operates alone and continuously impacts the rock working face. During the impact, the rock cooling nozzle 134 sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the impact hammer 132 until impact holes and a large number of cracks are generated. The impact hammer 132 stops working, and the drilling mechanism 1 revolves and the cutting tool 12 rotates to break the rock. During the rock breaking process, the tool cooling nozzle 133 continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the cutting tool 12, and the rock cooling nozzle 134 continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the rock working face.

[0061] Specifically, in step S7, before the next cycle of operation, it is determined whether the remaining stroke of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 of the central propulsion mechanism 2 is sufficient for the next operation. If it is sufficient, the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 22 extends to drive the drilling mechanism 1 closer to the rock working face, and proceeds to step S3 to perform rock working face pretreatment. If it is not sufficient, the self-locking support mechanism 3 retracts, the central propulsion mechanism 2 retracts in the opposite direction from bottom to top, and proceeds to step S1, where the equipment descends to the next working position. The equipment is positioned and fixed by the self-locking support mechanism 3 until the drilling operation is completed.

[0062] The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications or variations made based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-locking, support-type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment, characterized in that, The system includes a drilling mechanism (1), a central propulsion mechanism (2), and a self-locking support mechanism (3). The self-locking support mechanism (3) is connected to the drilling mechanism (1) through the central propulsion mechanism (2). The drilling mechanism (1) includes a main body (11), a cutting tool (12), a liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly (13), and a plasma nozzle (14). The plasma nozzle (14) is located at the center of the main body (11). There are multiple cutting tools (12) and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies (13). Multiple cutting tools (12) and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assemblies (13) are arranged alternately around the plasma nozzle (14). The cutting tool (12) has a liquid nitrogen nozzle (121) at its center. The self-locking support mechanism (3) includes a self-locking support drive (31) and a support claw (32). The self-locking support drive (31) can drive the support claw (32) to perform self-locking support relative to the surrounding rock wall.

2. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-locking support drive component (31) includes a lead screw (311) and a lead screw drive motor (312). The support claw (32) includes an upper support claw (321) and a lower support claw (322). The upper support claw (321) and the lower support claw (322) are arranged crosswise. The upper support claw (321) is rotatably connected to the lead screw (311). The lead screw (311) is fitted with a driven slider (313). The lower support claw (322) is movably connected to the lead screw (311) through the driven slider (313). The lead screw drive motor (312) can drive the lead screw (311) to rotate, so as to drive the driven slider (313) to move in a direction closer to or away from the central propulsion mechanism (2), so as to drive the upper support claw (321) and the lower support claw (322) to tighten or loosen relative to the surrounding rock wall.

3. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the support claws (32) is multiple, and the multiple support claws (32) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the lead screw (311). The lead screw (311) has an end head near the middle propulsion mechanism (2). The lower support claw (322) has a through hole (314) in the middle. One end of the upper support claw (321) is rotatably connected to the end head, and the other end of the upper support claw (321) passes through the through hole (314) and is hinged to the lower support claw (322).

4. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool (12) includes multiple arc-shaped blades (122), each arc-shaped blade (122) is provided with multiple blade heads (123), the multiple arc-shaped blades (122) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, the multiple blade heads (123) are arranged sequentially at intervals in the radial direction, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle (121) is located at the center of the multiple arc-shaped blades (122).

5. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool (12) is provided with an end cap (124) inside. The end cap (124) is provided with a liquid nitrogen nozzle drive (125). One end of the liquid nitrogen nozzle drive (125) is fixedly connected to the end cap (124), and the other end is fixedly connected to the top wall inside the cutting tool (12). When the liquid nitrogen nozzle drive (125) extends or retracts, it can drive the liquid nitrogen nozzle (121) to extend and retract relative to the cutting tool (12).

6. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly (13) includes a body (131), an impact hammer (132), a tool cooling nozzle (133), a rock cooling nozzle (134), and a plasma nozzle cooling nozzle (135). The impact hammer (132) is located at the center of the body (131). The tool cooling nozzle (133) and the plasma nozzle cooling nozzle (135) are spaced apart along the side of the body (131). The rock cooling nozzle (134) is located on one side of the impact hammer (132) at the top of the body (131).

7. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a cutting tool rotation drive (4), and the main body (11) is provided with a top support plate (43). The cutting tool rotation drive (4) includes a drive gear (41) and a rotation gear (42). The drive gear (41) is located on the top support plate (43), and the rotation gear (42) is located at one end of the cutting tool (12) near the top support plate (43). The drive gear (41) meshes with the rotation gear (42).

8. The self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The main body (11) is provided with a tail end cap (5) near the end of the central propulsion mechanism (2). One end of the tail end cap (5) is connected to the central propulsion mechanism (2), and the other end of the tail end cap (5) is provided with a rotary bearing (51). The rotary bearing (51) has multiple teeth circumferentially arranged on its inner side. The tail end cap (5) is coaxially fixed with a tail support plate (52). The tail support plate (52) is provided with a revolution drive gear (53) on the side facing the tail end cap (5). The revolution drive gear (53) meshes with the teeth. The rotation of the revolution drive gear (53) can drive the rotary bearing (51) to rotate, thereby driving the main body (11) to rotate.

9. A construction method for a self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment, characterized in that, The construction method, applicable to the self-locking support type plasma and impact hammer combined auxiliary drilling equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, includes the following steps: S1, the equipment is lowered to the designated drilling position; S2, the self-locking support drive (31) drives the support claw (32) to move to hold against the surrounding rock wall. It is determined whether the force between the support claw (32) and the surrounding rock wall reaches the locking condition. If the locking condition is not reached, the position of the self-locking support structure is adjusted to adjust the force between the support claw (32) and the surrounding rock wall until the locking condition is reached. If the locking condition is reached, the self-locking support mechanism (3) is locked, the equipment completes the rodless support fixation, and proceeds to step S3. S3, the drilling mechanism (1) revolves, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle (121) and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly (13) spray liquid nitrogen to cool and pretreat the rock working face; S4, the drilling mechanism (1) stops revolving, the plasma nozzle (14) extends, and a high-temperature plasma jet is sprayed to heat the rock working face; S5, determine whether thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks have formed on the rock working face. If thermal stripping holes and thermal damage cracks have formed, the plasma nozzle (14) stops heating and retracts, the drilling mechanism (1) revolves, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle (121) and liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly (13) spray liquid nitrogen to cool the rock working face again. S6, the drilling mechanism (1) stops revolving, the central propulsion mechanism (2) pushes the drilling mechanism (1) to extend to the mechanical rock breaking working position, and the drilling mechanism (1) and the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly (13) cooperate to carry out mechanical rock breaking; S7, mechanical rock breaking continues until the drilling load increases and the drilling speed slows down, then mechanical rock breaking is stopped.

10. The construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S5 further includes the following steps: S5.1 Determine the rock properties of the working face in the absence of thermal delamination pores and thermal damage cracks; S5.2, If the rock is dense, proceed to step S4, reheat the working surface of the rock and increase the heat treatment time until thermal peeling holes and thermal damage cracks are formed. S5.3, when the rock is non-dense, skip the pretreatment of the rock working face and directly carry out mechanical rock breaking.

11. The construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S6 includes the following steps: S6.1, the drilling mechanism (1) stops its revolution, and the central propulsion mechanism (2) pushes the drilling mechanism (1) to extend to the mechanical rock breaking working position; S6.2, the impact hammer (132) of the liquid nitrogen impact hammer assembly (13) performs a rock hardness test on the rock working face to determine whether the rock working face is easy to drill. When the rock working face is easy to drill, the drilling mechanism (1) revolves and the cutting tool (12) rotates to break the rock. The impact hammer (132) and the cutting tool (12) work at the same time. During the rock breaking process, the tool cooling spray nozzle (133) continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the cutting tool (12), and the rock cooling spray nozzle (134) continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the impact hammer (132) and the rock working face. S6.3, when it is difficult to drill holes in the rock working face and some cracks are generated, the impact hammer (132) operates alone and continuously impacts the rock working face. During the impact, the rock cooling nozzle (134) sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the impact hammer (132) until impact holes and a large number of cracks are generated. The impact hammer (132) stops working, and the drilling mechanism (1) revolves and the cutting tool (12) rotates to break the rock. During the rock breaking process, the tool cooling nozzle (133) continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the cutting tool (12), and the rock cooling nozzle (134) continuously sprays liquid nitrogen to cool the rock working face.

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