Water conservancy tunnel ventilation and dust fall purification device

Abstract

The invention discloses a water conservancy tunnel ventilation and dust fall purification device, which relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation and dust fall, and comprises a ventilation fan and a ventilation and dust fall air pipe, the ventilation and dust reduction air pipe is fixedly connected with the air inlet end of the ventilation fan through a flange, and the ventilation and dust reduction air pipe is used for directly sucking contaminated air in the working environment in the tunnel out of the tunnel. When a hose is damaged, a worker can hold a buckling handle and a middle-position force application handle, a magnetic attraction positioning head is moved into an arc-shaped groove, a hollow wrapping air bag is deflated, a covering hose layer is pulled to wrap the damaged position of the hose, and positioning is conducted through the magnetic attraction positioning head and a magnetic attraction positioning groove; meanwhile, the hollow wrapping air bag is filled with air to wrap the flexible pipeline for sealing, so that rapid repair of the flexible pipeline can be realized, the downtime is greatly shortened, the ventilation interruption time is reduced, the construction progress in the hole is guaranteed, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, complex sewing and repairing work does not need to be performed in the dangerous, narrow and dust-diffused hole, and the operation is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel ventilation and dust suppression technology, specifically to a ventilation, dust suppression and purification device for water conservancy tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic tunnels, also known as water conservancy tunnels, are extremely important underground structures in water conservancy projects. Simply put, they are artificial channels dug inside mountains or underground, specifically for the purpose of "water". The core task of hydraulic tunnels is to regulate and utilize water resources. In the construction of hydraulic tunnels, ventilation, dust suppression and purification devices are not optional accessories, but an indispensable "life support system". Their core purpose is to ensure life safety, maintain occupational health, and ensure the smooth progress of construction. Tunnels are closed spaces isolated from the outside world, and various deadly gases are generated during construction. Ventilation, dust suppression and purification devices are designed to quickly expel these toxic gases, continuously introduce fresh air, and control dust concentration within national safety standards.

[0003] In tunnel ventilation and dust suppression systems, flexible ducts can be damaged by mechanical scraping or falling rocks inside the tunnel, causing a large amount of fresh air to leak along the way. This directly affects ventilation efficiency, preventing fresh air from being effectively delivered to the working face where it is most needed. As a result, the wind speed near the excavation face drops below the safety standard, and dust deep inside the tunnel cannot be quickly sucked out and discharged, causing the working face environment to deteriorate rapidly. The traditional solution is to shut down the machine and send personnel with tools and materials to the site to clean, cut, splice, or paste in a confined space. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can significantly delay the progress of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilation, dust suppression and purification device for water conservancy tunnels, which solves the problem that traditional ventilation, dust suppression and purification devices for water conservancy tunnels require immediate shutdown if the flexible air duct is damaged. Personnel have to carry tools and materials to clean, cut, splice or paste in a narrow space, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and will greatly delay the progress of the project.

[0005] This invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: A ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels, characterized in that it comprises: Ventilation fans and ventilation and dust suppression ducts; The ventilation and dust suppression duct and the air inlet of the ventilation fan are fixedly connected by a flange. The ventilation and dust suppression duct is used to directly draw out the polluted air from the working environment inside the tunnel. The ventilation and dust suppression duct includes two rigid pipes and a flexible pipe set between the two rigid pipes. An elastic support frame is set between the two rigid pipes. A hidden groove is opened at one end of each of the two rigid pipes. At least two rigid annular plates are fixed on the outer surface of the flexible pipe. Two magnetic positioning grooves are opened on the outer surface of each of the two rigid annular plates. A covering flexible layer is fixed at both ends of the flexible pipe. A wrapping element is set at one end of each of the two covering flexible layers.

[0006] Preferably, the package includes an annular positioning ring fixed to one end of the covering tube layer and a filling / discharging positioning component. The annular positioning ring has two arc-shaped grooves, and the inner sidewalls of the two arc-shaped grooves are provided with limiting grooves. Magnetic positioning heads slide on the inner side of the two arc-shaped grooves. The two magnetic positioning heads slide on the inner side of the limiting grooves through limiting shafts, and the other ends of the two magnetic positioning heads extend to the inner ring of the annular positioning ring.

[0007] Preferably, the outer surface of the annular positioning ring has two grooves, the inner side of the annular positioning ring has an annular groove, and a hollow encapsulated airbag is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the annular groove. The hollow encapsulated airbag and the two arc-shaped grooves are connected by connecting pipes.

[0008] Preferably, the charging and discharging positioning component includes a double-connected plate fixed to one end of each of the two magnetic positioning heads and a rubber-side piston plate that slides inside the two arc-shaped grooves. Each of the two double-connected plates has an oblique through groove, and each of the two rubber-side piston plates has an arc-shaped bar fixed to it. Each of the two arc-shaped bars has a through-drive rod fixed to it. One end of each of the two arc-shaped bars extends to the inside of the two grooves and is provided with a self-charging component.

[0009] Preferably, the self-inflating component includes an extension plate fixed to one end of the arc-shaped bar, a center force-applying handle fixed to the outer surface of the annular positioning ring, and a positive magnetic block fixed to the inner sidewall of the groove. One end of each of the two extension plates is fixed with a force-applying handle, and the other end of each extension plate is fixed with a negative magnetic block. Springs are fixed to both extension plates, and one end of each spring is fixed to the inner sidewall of the two grooves respectively.

[0010] Preferably, a first annular silicone adhesive layer is fixed to the inner side of the hollow encapsulated airbag, and at least two second annular silicone adhesive layers are fixed to the outer surface of the flexible tube.

[0011] Preferably, one end of each of the two rigid pipes is provided with a seepage-proof component, the seepage-proof component including a sealing groove ring fixed to one end of the rigid pipe and a sealing strip band disposed outside the sealing groove ring, and one end of the flexible pipe passes between the sealing groove ring and the two sealing strip bands.

[0012] Preferably, the ventilation fan includes a fan housing, the inner side of which is provided with a counter-rotating fan structure, and the air inlet of the fan housing is provided with a rectifier structure.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When a flexible pipe is damaged, workers can grip the clamp and apply force in the center to move the magnetic positioning head into the arc-shaped groove. The hollow airbag is then deflated, and the covering hose layer is pulled to wrap around the damaged area of ​​the flexible pipe. Positioning is achieved by the magnetic positioning head and magnetic positioning groove. At the same time, air is filled into the hollow airbag to seal the flexible pipe, enabling rapid repair. This greatly shortens downtime, reduces ventilation interruption time, ensures the progress of construction inside the tunnel, significantly reduces labor intensity, and eliminates the need for complex stitching and repair work in dangerous, narrow, and dusty tunnels. The operation is also simple. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation fan in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partially dissected sectional view of the ventilation and dust suppression duct in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 6 This is an exploded sectional view of the rigid pipe and the seepage-proof component in this invention; Figure 7 This is a partially split cross-sectional view of the hose covering layer in this invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of section C; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of section D in the middle.

[0015] 1. Ventilation fan; 11. Fan casing; 12. Counter-rotating fan structure; 13. Rectifying structure; 2. Ventilation and dust suppression duct; 21. Rigid duct; 22. Flexible duct; 23. Concealed groove; 24. Rigid annular plate; 25. Magnetic positioning groove; 26. Covering flexible hose layer; 27. Annular positioning ring; 28. Arc groove; 29. ​​Limiting groove; 210. Magnetic positioning head; 211. Groove; 212. Annular groove; 213. Double connecting plate; 214. 215. Rubber-side piston plate; 216. Oblique through groove; 217. Arc-shaped bar; 218. Hollow encased airbag; 219. Drive rod; 220. Extension plate; 221. Center-position force application handle; 222. Buckle handle; 222. Spring; 223. First annular silicone adhesive layer; 224. Second annular silicone adhesive layer; 225. Positive magnetic block; 226. Negative magnetic block; 227. Sealing groove ring; 228. Sealing strip band; 229. Elastic support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] This invention provides a technical solution: a ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for water conservancy tunnels, such as... Figures 1-9 As shown, the system includes a ventilation fan 1 and a ventilation and dust suppression duct 2. The ventilation fan 1 includes a fan housing 11. The ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 and the air inlet end of the fan housing 11 are fixedly connected by a flange. A counter-rotating fan structure 12 is provided inside the fan housing 11. The counter-rotating fan structure 12 adopts a dual-motor counter-rotating design, consisting of a primary induced draft impeller and a secondary pressurizing impeller. Secondary pressurization of the airflow is achieved through synchronous counter-rotation. The main unit adopts an integral design with bolted connection. The motor cable and oil inlet are extended and led out to an external junction box. To reduce operating noise, perforated plates and sound insulation cotton are installed at both ends of the inner wall of the fan housing 11. The silencer is combined with a rectifier structure 13 at the air inlet of the fan housing 11, which can effectively reduce noise and improve the concentration of air volume. The fan housing 11 is fixed to the tunnel entrance with a channel steel bracket. The air inlet of the fan housing 11 is connected to a ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 with an elastic support frame 229. The ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 can be added according to the tunnel excavation depth. Adjacent ventilation and dust suppression ducts 2 are fixedly connected by flanges. After the motor starts, it sucks out the dust in the tunnel and discharges it. The ventilation fan 1 can also be installed in reverse so that the air outlet faces the tunnel and is connected to the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2. Pressurized air is transported to the depth of the tunnel through the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2.

[0018] The ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 is used to directly extract polluted air from the working environment inside the tunnel, simultaneously reducing the operating temperature and ensuring a safe and clean construction environment. The ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 includes two rigid pipes 21 and a flexible pipe 22 positioned between them. Combining the designs of the rigid and flexible pipes 21, it offers the advantages of both rigidity and flexibility. The rigid pipes 21 provide stable structural support, maintain the pipe's roundness, and effectively reduce ventilation resistance, while the flexible pipe 22 provides necessary flexibility, absorbing minor vibrations and displacements during construction, adapting to potential uneven settlement within the tunnel, and facilitating installation and adjustment of the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 in complex terrain. This design addresses the challenges of long and fragile construction processes. The flexible hose ventilation system is divided into a series of "modular units" protected by rigid pipes. The rigid pipes act as "anti-collision beams" for the flexible hoses, confining exposed parts and potential risk points of the hoses to a short distance between the rigid pipes, greatly improving the overall durability of the system. A deformable elastic support frame 229 is fixedly installed between two rigid pipes 21, ensuring that the flexible pipe 22 can deform along with the elastic support frame 229 when arranged at tunnel bends. Each of the two rigid pipes 21 has a hidden groove 23 at one end. The location of the hidden groove 23 on the rigid pipe 21 can be designed as a detachable structure, facilitating the later insertion of the covering flexible hose layer 26 into the hidden groove 23. The outer surface of the flexible pipe 22 is fixed with at least Two rigid annular plates 24 are provided, each with a downwardly inclined surface on both sides to facilitate the subsequent locking of the annular positioning ring 27 onto its outer surface. The number of rigid annular plates 24 needs to be even. The rigid annular plates 24 on the flexible pipe 22 are symmetrically arranged with the middle part of the flexible pipe 22 as the axis of symmetry. Two symmetrically arranged magnetic positioning grooves 25 are opened on the outer surface of all rigid annular plates 24. Both ends of the flexible pipe 22 are fixed with a covering hose layer 26 placed in the hidden groove 23. If the exposed flexible pipe 22 is damaged and leaks air, the covering hose layer 26 can be pulled out to cover and repair the damaged area. One end of each of the two covering hose layers 26 is provided with a wrapping component to cover the area. After the flexible hose layer 26 covers the damaged area, one end of the flexible hose layer 26 is wrapped around the outer surface of the flexible pipe 22 with a wrapping component. This prevents airflow from easily passing through the gap between the flexible hose layer 26 and the flexible pipe 22, enabling rapid repair and greatly shortening downtime. Compared with traditional downtime repairs, this repair process is shortened from hours to minutes, minimizing ventilation interruption time, ensuring the safety and progress of construction inside the tunnel, significantly improving operational safety and reducing labor intensity. It eliminates the need for complex stitching and repair work in dangerous, narrow, and dusty tunnels, and the operation is simple and can be completed by ordinary workers. It solves the problem of inconvenient material transportation in long-distance tunnels, ensuring that materials are readily available wherever there is a break.

[0019] The package includes an annular positioning ring 27 fixed to one end of the covering hose layer 26 and a filling / discharging positioning component. The inner diameter of the annular positioning ring 27 is adapted to the outer diameter of the rigid annular plate 24. Two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped grooves 28 are formed on the annular positioning ring 27. Two symmetrically arranged limiting grooves 29 are formed on the inner sidewall of each of the two arc-shaped grooves 28. The limiting grooves 29 in the two arc-shaped grooves 28 are symmetrical and equidistantly distributed. Magnetic positioning heads 210 slide on the inner side of each of the two arc-shaped grooves 28. Both magnetic positioning heads 210 slide on the limiting axis. Inside the groove 29, the other ends of the two magnetic positioning heads 210 extend into the inner circle of the annular positioning ring 27. The end of the magnetic positioning head 210 extending into the inner circle of the annular positioning ring 27 is smaller in size, which makes it easier for the magnetic positioning head 210 to be smoothly inserted into the magnetic positioning groove 25 later. The magnetic positioning head 210 and the magnetic positioning groove 25 have opposite magnetic properties. The insertion of the magnetic positioning head 210 and the magnetic positioning groove 25 restricts the position of the annular positioning ring 27 on the flexible pipe 22. The position of the annular positioning ring 27 determines the size by which the covering flexible tube layer 26 is pulled out.

[0020] Two similar and symmetrically arranged grooves 211 are formed on the outer surface of the annular positioning ring 27. An annular groove 212 is formed on the inner surface of the annular positioning ring 27. A hollow encapsulated airbag 217 is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the annular groove 212. A first annular silicone adhesive layer 223 is fixed to the inner side of the hollow encapsulated airbag 217. At least two second annular silicone adhesive layers 224 are fixed to the outer surface of the flexible tube 22. The number of second annular silicone adhesive layers 224 is the same as the number of rigid annular plates 24, and they are symmetrical with the middle part of the flexible tube 22 as the symmetrical plane. The second annular silicone adhesive layer 224 and the rigid annular plate 24 on both sides are symmetrically distributed. The second annular silicone adhesive layer 224 is located near the rigid annular plate 24. When the annular positioning ring 27 and the rigid annular plate 24 are correspondingly positioned, the first annular silicone adhesive layer 223 and the second annular silicone adhesive layer 224 on the hollow airbag 217 correspond. The hollow airbag 217 and the two arc-shaped grooves 28 are connected by connecting pipes. The inflation and deflation positioning component includes a double-connecting plate 213 fixed to one end of each of the two magnetic positioning heads 210. Rubber-side piston plates 214 slide within the two arc-shaped grooves 28 respectively. Each of the two double-connecting plates 213 has an oblique through-slot 215, the opening of which faces the rubber-side piston plate 214. Arc-shaped bars 216 are fixed to each of the two rubber-side piston plates 214, and through-drive rods 218 are fixed to each of the two arc-shaped bars 216. One end of each arc-shaped bar 216 passes between the two double-connecting plates 213 and extends to the inner side of each of the two grooves 211, where a self-filling component is provided. The annular positioning ring 27 is supported by two arc-shaped... A certain gap is left at the position where the bar 216 passes through, so that the airflow outside the annular positioning ring 27 and the inside of the arc-shaped groove 28 are the same, maintaining the air pressure balance in the connected space area. When the rubber side piston plate 214 is at the end near the arc-shaped groove 28 where the limit groove 29 is not opened, when one end of the magnetic positioning head 210 is magnetically attracted and extends into the magnetic positioning groove 25, one end of the connecting tube is set between the rubber side piston plate 214 and the arc-shaped groove 28 and its adjacent inner side wall at this position. At this time, the hollow encapsulated airbag 217 is in an inflated state.

[0021] The self-charging component includes an extension plate 219 fixed to one end of the arc-shaped bar 216, a center-positioning force handle 220 fixed to the outer surface of the annular positioning ring 27, and a positive magnet 225 fixed to the inner wall of the groove 211. The center-positioning force handle 220 is positioned in the middle of the two grooves 211. Each of the two extension plates 219 has a retaining handle 221 fixed to one end. The extension plates 219 are designed so that when the rubber piston plate 214 is pulled to one end of the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 28, the retaining handle 221 can engage with the center-positioning force handle 221. The force handles 220 are brought close together to prevent one hand from being unable to hold the two force handles 221 and the center force handle 220. The other end of the extension plate 219 is fixed with a negative magnetic block 226. Springs 222 are fixed on both extension plates 219. One end of the two springs 222 is fixed to the inner side wall of the two grooves 211 respectively. When the springs 222 are at their original length, the arc-shaped bar 216 is completely in the arc-shaped groove 28. At this time, the rubber side piston plate 214 is located at the end near the arc-shaped groove 28 without the limit groove 29.

[0022] Both rigid pipes 21 are equipped with anti-seepage components at one end. These components seal the connection between the flexible pipe 22 and the rigid pipe 21 to prevent air leakage. The anti-seepage components include a sealing groove ring 227 fixed to one end of the rigid pipe 21 and a sealing strip 228 disposed outside the sealing groove ring 227. The outer surface of the sealing groove ring 227 has a sealing groove. The sealing strip 228 consists of a semi-circular upper strip and a semi-circular lower strip. Grooves are formed on the outer surfaces of both ends of the semi-circular upper strip, and the inner sides of both grooves... The device has screw holes, and both ends of the semi-circular lower band are fixed with plug plates that are compatible with the size of the groove. One end of the flexible pipe 22 is wrapped around the outside of the sealing groove ring 227. The covering hose layer 26 is placed in the hidden groove 23. The semi-circular upper band and the semi-circular lower band are wrapped around the outer ring of the flexible pipe 22 respectively, so that the two plug plates are inserted into the two grooves respectively and fixed with screws. The inner ring surfaces of the semi-circular upper band and the semi-circular lower band are fixed with sealing strips. The sealing strips press the flexible pipe 22 into the sealing groove on the sealing groove ring 227.

[0023] In use: Place the ventilation fan 1 outside the tunnel, and connect one end of one of the ventilation and dust suppression ducts 2 to the air inlet (or air outlet) of the ventilation fan 1. When it is necessary to suck out and discharge dust from deep within the tunnel, connect one end of the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 to the air inlet of the ventilation fan 1. When it is necessary to supply air into the tunnel, connect one end of the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 to the air outlet of the ventilation fan 1. Depending on the tunnel depth, install the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 so that the opening of one of the ventilation and dust suppression ducts 2 in the tunnel is at the working face, so as to accurately suck out and discharge dust.

[0024] When the ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 is installed in the tunnel, the rigid pipe 21 is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel. According to the tunnel excavation direction, the flexibility of the flexible pipe 22 can change the orientation and direction of two adjacent rigid pipes 21 according to the tunnel direction. The ventilation and dust suppression duct 2 has the advantages of both rigidity and flexibility. The rigid pipe 21 provides a stable structural support for the whole, while the flexible pipe 22 provides the necessary flexibility to adapt to the direction and terrain inside the tunnel. If the flexible pipe 22 is damaged during use, affecting the ventilation and dust suppression effect, the operator can pull the clamp 221 on the annular positioning ring 27 towards the center clamp 220. The clamp 221 will then cause the connected arc-shaped bar 216 to slide out of the corresponding arc-shaped groove 28 and compress the spring 222. The arc-shaped bar 216 will then drive the rubber side piston plate 214 and the through-drive rod 218 towards the double connecting plate 213. During the movement, the through-drive rod 218 will enter from one end of the opening of the oblique through groove 215 and slide into the other end of the oblique through groove 215 with continuous movement, thereby bringing the magnetic positioning head 210 into the arc-shaped groove 28. In the middle, under the limitation of the limiting groove 29, the magnetic positioning head 210 can only move vertically. At the same time, when the rubber side piston plate 214 is pulled by the arc-shaped bar 216, the gas in the hollow encased airbag 217 will be drawn into the space between the rubber side piston plate 214 and the arc-shaped groove 28 for temporary storage. Then, by holding the center force application handle 220 and the fastening handle 221, the annular positioning ring 27 is pulled along the soft pipe 22. The annular positioning ring 27 will pull the covering hose layer 26 to wrap around the outer surface of the soft pipe 22 until the covering hose layer 26 wraps around the damaged area. The annular positioning ring 27 is moved to the nearest rigid annular plate 24 at this time. After releasing the fastening handle 221, the spring 222 will push the extension plate 2 19 and the arc-shaped bar 216 reset. For faster reset, the clamping force 221 can also be manually pushed towards the position where the positive magnet 225 is located. The arc-shaped bar 216 will push the rubber side piston plate 214 and the through-drive rod 218 to reset. The rubber side piston plate 214 will push the air in the arc-shaped groove 28 to refill the hollow encapsulated airbag 217. The hollow encapsulated airbag 217 will encapsulate the flexible pipe 22, so that the first annular silicone adhesive layer 223 and the second annular silicone adhesive layer 224 are attached. The sealing strip fixed in the annular positioning ring 27 will hinder the smooth movement of the annular positioning ring 27. This sealing method can achieve full-coverage of the outer surface of the deformable flexible pipe 22. The sealing process minimizes damage to the flexible pipe 22, tolerating imperfections or minor defects. Simultaneously, the magnetically attracted positioning head 210 engages with the corresponding magnetic positioning groove 25, limiting the position of the annular positioning ring 27. This enables rapid repair of the flexible pipe 22, significantly reducing downtime and minimizing ventilation interruptions. It ensures safe and timely construction within the tunnel, greatly improving operational safety and reducing labor intensity. It eliminates the need for complex stitching and repair work in dangerous, narrow, and dusty tunnels, and its simple operation allows ordinary workers to complete the task. This solves the problem of inconvenient material transportation in long-distance tunnels, ensuring that materials are readily available wherever a breach occurs.

[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalents can be made within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present invention, all of which will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for water conservancy tunnels, characterized in that, include: Ventilation fan (1) and ventilation and dust suppression duct (2); The ventilation and dust suppression duct (2) and the ventilation fan (1) are fixedly connected by a flange. The ventilation and dust suppression duct (2) is used to directly suck out the polluted air in the working environment of the tunnel. The ventilation and dust suppression duct (2) includes two rigid pipes (21) and a flexible pipe (22) set between the two rigid pipes (21). An elastic support frame (229) is set between the two rigid pipes (21). A hidden groove (23) is opened at one end of each of the two rigid pipes (21). At least two rigid annular plates (24) are fixed on the outer surface of the flexible pipe (22). Two magnetic positioning grooves (25) are opened on the outer surface of each of the two rigid annular plates (24). A covering flexible hose layer (26) is fixed at both ends of the flexible pipe (22). A wrapping piece is set at one end of each of the two covering flexible hose layers (26).

2. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The package includes an annular positioning ring (27) fixed to one end of the covering hose layer (26) and a filling and discharging positioning component. The annular positioning ring (27) has two arc-shaped grooves (28). The inner sidewalls of the two arc-shaped grooves (28) are provided with limiting grooves (29). Magnetic positioning heads (210) slide on the inner side of the two arc-shaped grooves (28). The two magnetic positioning heads (210) slide on the inner side of the limiting grooves (29) through limiting shafts. The other end of the two magnetic positioning heads (210) extends to the inner ring of the annular positioning ring (27).

3. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two grooves (211) are provided on the outer surface of the annular positioning ring (27), and an annular groove (212) is provided on the inner side of the annular positioning ring (27). A hollow encapsulated airbag (217) is fixed on the top of the inner wall of the annular groove (212). The hollow encapsulated airbag (217) and the two arc-shaped grooves (28) are connected by a connecting pipe.

4. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging and discharging positioning component includes a double-connected plate (213) fixed to one end of two magnetic positioning heads (210) and a rubber-side piston plate (214) sliding inside two arc-shaped grooves (28). Both double-connected plates (213) are provided with oblique through grooves (215). Hollow-filled airbags (216) are fixed on both rubber-side piston plates (214). Drive rods (218) are fixed on both arc-shaped bars (216). One end of the two arc-shaped bars (216) extends to the inside of two grooves (211) and is provided with a self-inflating component.

5. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The self-charging component includes an extension plate (219) fixed to one end of the arc-shaped bar (216), a center force application handle (220) fixed to the outer surface of the annular positioning ring (27), and a positive magnetic block (225) fixed to the inner wall of the groove (211). One end of each of the two extension plates (219) is fixed with a clamping handle (221), and the other end of each extension plate (219) is fixed with a negative magnetic block (226). Springs (222) are fixed on each of the two extension plates (219), and one end of each spring (222) is fixed to the inner wall of the two grooves (211).

6. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the hollow encapsulated airbag (217) is fixed with a first annular silicone adhesive layer (223), and the outer surface of the flexible tube (22) is fixed with at least two second annular silicone adhesive layers (224).

7. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both rigid pipes (21) are provided with anti-seepage components at one end. The anti-seepage components include a sealing groove ring (227) fixed to one end of the rigid pipe (21) and a sealing strip band (228) provided on the outside of the sealing groove ring (227). One end of the flexible pipe (22) passes between the sealing groove ring (227) and the two sealing strip bands (228).

8. The ventilation, dust suppression, and purification device for hydraulic tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation fan (1) includes a fan housing (11), a counter-rotating fan structure (12) is provided on the inner side of the fan housing (11), and a rectifier structure (13) is provided at the air inlet of the fan housing (11).

Images