Series arc detection method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium
By performing sparse decomposition and reconstruction of residual signals on the low-voltage circuit current signal, and combining the rate of change judgment, the problem of low accuracy in series arc detection in the existing technology is solved, and higher detection accuracy and timely fault location are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511718849.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, series arc detection based on the characteristics of series arc faults is prone to misidentifying normal waveforms as arc waveforms, resulting in low detection accuracy.
By acquiring the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and setting a sliding window, the current signal is sparsely decomposed and the residual signal is reconstructed. The residual signal is updated using the least squares method and compared with a preset threshold within the sliding window. The arc fault is judged by combining the rate of change of the reconstructed residual signal.
It improves the accuracy of series arc detection, reduces the possibility of normal waveforms being misjudged as arc waveforms, and enables timely location and accurate identification of arc faults.
Smart Images
Figure CN121596046A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of arc detection technology, and in particular to a series arc detection method, apparatus, terminal equipment and storage medium. Background Technology
[0002] Series arcing faults have garnered widespread public attention due to their low amplitude and high hazard characteristics. Series arcing faults can occur when there is insulation aging or damage, or loose terminals in the circuit. When the current in a series arc reaches several amperes, the temperature of the arc column can rise to 4000°C, a temperature sufficient to ignite a fire and pose a serious threat to public safety.
[0003] Existing methods for detecting series arcs are usually based on the characteristics of series arc faults. That is, they use random features such as the mean current before and after the arc fault, the asymmetry of the current waveform, and the current change rate to identify the arc. However, the system itself contains normal waveforms that are similar to arc waveforms. Detecting series arcs based on the characteristics of series arc faults can easily misjudge normal waveforms as arc waveforms, resulting in low accuracy of arc detection. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, terminal device, and storage medium for detecting series electric arcs. It can solve the technical problem in the prior art where the system itself contains normal waveforms that are similar to the arc waveform, and the series electric arc detection based on the characteristics of series electric arc faults is prone to misjudging normal waveforms as arc waveforms, resulting in low accuracy of arc detection.
[0005] This invention provides a method for detecting series electric arcs, comprising: Acquire the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and set several sliding windows; Residual signal reconstruction steps: Perform sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal; perform reconstruction processing on the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal; Within the sliding window, if the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold, it is determined that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window.
[0006] Furthermore, the step of performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal includes: Initialize the dictionary; Use the current signal within the current sliding window as the initial residual signal; Calculate the inner product projection of the current residual signal and each atom in the current dictionary, and take the atom corresponding to the inner product projection with the largest absolute value as the optimal atom; The optimal coefficients of the optimal atom are determined using the least squares method, and the current residual signal is updated based on the optimal coefficients to obtain the updated residual signal.
[0007] Furthermore, the step of determining that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window includes: Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold, the fault counter increments by 1; when the fault counter count is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the fault counter trips. Slide the current sliding window forward, and repeat the residual signal reconstruction step based on the next sliding window.
[0008] Furthermore, after reconstructing the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal, the process further includes: Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is less than a preset residual threshold, the rate of change between the reconstructed residual signal of the current sliding window and the reconstructed residual signal of the previous sliding window is determined. If the rate of change is less than a preset ratio threshold, the current dictionary is updated, and it is determined that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window. If the rate of change is greater than or equal to the preset ratio threshold, the current sliding window is slid forward, and the residual signal reconstruction step is repeated based on the next sliding window.
[0009] Furthermore, updating the current dictionary includes: Iterate through each atom in the current dictionary, count the number of times each atom is selected by the sliding window, and mark the atom with the fewest selections as the set of atoms to be updated. The current signal in the current sliding window is randomly segmented and then normalized to form a new set of candidate atoms. In the new set of candidate atoms, the candidate atom with the lowest correlation to the remaining atoms in the dictionary is determined, and the corresponding atom in the set of atoms to be updated is replaced with the candidate atom to obtain the updated dictionary.
[0010] Furthermore, the preset residual threshold is determined based on the average value and the standard deviation within the current sliding window.
[0011] The present invention also provides a series arc detection device, comprising: The sliding window setting module is used to acquire the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and set several sliding windows; The residual signal reconstruction module is used for the following residual signal reconstruction steps: performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal; and performing reconstruction processing on the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal. An arc fault detection module is used to determine that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window.
[0012] Furthermore, the step of performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal includes: Initialize the dictionary; Use the current signal within the current sliding window as the initial residual signal; Calculate the inner product projection of the current residual signal and each atom in the current dictionary, and take the atom corresponding to the inner product projection with the largest absolute value as the optimal atom; The optimal coefficients of the optimal atom are determined using the least squares method, and the current residual signal is updated based on the optimal coefficients to obtain the updated residual signal.
[0013] The present invention also provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the series arc detection method as described above.
[0014] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising: a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device in which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the series arc detection method as described above.
[0015] The following benefits can be obtained by implementing the present invention: This invention performs sparse decomposition on the current signal within a sliding window, which can accurately distinguish between normal waveforms and arc waveforms, determine the residual signal of the current signal, and compare the residual signal with a preset residual threshold to determine whether a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window. This can reduce the situation where normal waveforms are misjudged as arc waveforms, resulting in low accuracy of series arc fault detection, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of series arc detection.
[0016] Furthermore, by comparing the rate of change of the reconstructed residual signal of the current sliding window and the previous sliding window, and comparing it with a preset ratio threshold, the present invention can accurately determine whether an arc fault exists. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a series arc detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a series arc detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
[0022] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0023] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).
[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] See Figure 1 To address the problem that existing technologies using series arc fault characteristics for series arc detection often misjudge normal waveforms as arc waveforms, leading to low accuracy in arc detection, an embodiment of the present invention provides a series arc detection method, comprising: S1. Acquire the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and set several sliding windows; In this embodiment of the invention, a high-frequency current probe with a bandwidth of 0.1-150kHz can be selected, and the sampling rate is set to 200kHz for current signal sampling. The data acquisition can be performed using a 4th-order Chebyshev filter with a passband of 5-100kHz and a stopband attenuation of 60dB.
[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, several sliding windows can be set to perform sparse decomposition on the current signal.
[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the sliding window can be selected as a quarter of the power frequency cycle, which is 5ms under the condition of 50Hz power supply. A cosine window is added within the window to avoid spectrum leakage.
[0029] S2. Residual signal reconstruction steps: Perform sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal; perform reconstruction processing on the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal; S3. Within the sliding window, if the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to the preset residual threshold, it is determined that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window.
[0030] This invention, by performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within a sliding window, can determine the residual signal of the current signal while accurately distinguishing between normal waveforms and arc waveforms. Based on the comparison of the residual signal with a preset residual threshold, it can determine whether a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window. This can reduce the situation where normal waveforms are misjudged as arc waveforms, resulting in low accuracy in series arc fault detection, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of series arc detection.
[0031] In one embodiment, step S2, performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal, includes: S21. Initialize the dictionary; In this embodiment of the invention, the number of atoms in the dictionary k=100, the maximum sparsity s=100, and the residual threshold can be set. .
[0032] S22. Use the current signal within the current sliding window as the initial residual signal; In this embodiment of the invention, the current signal within the window can be gradually decomposed using the orthogonal matching pursuit method.
[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the current signal x can be used as the initial residual signal r, i.e., r = x.
[0034] S23. Calculate the inner product projection of the current residual signal and each atom in the current dictionary, and take the atom corresponding to the inner product projection with the largest absolute value as the optimal atom. In this embodiment of the invention, the current residual signal r and each atom d in the dictionary D are traversed and calculated. i The inner product projection is used to select the atom with the largest absolute value of the inner product as the optimal atom and add it to the atom set.
[0035] S24. Use the least squares method to determine the optimal coefficients of the optimal atom, and update the current residual signal according to the optimal coefficients to obtain the updated residual signal.
[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the expression for the optimal coefficient is as follows: in, The optimal parameters are determined by the formula. Residual updates can be performed. The iteration stops when either the sparsity constraint or the residual constraint is satisfied, yielding the final residual signal. The sparsity constraint and the residual constraint are determined based on the set maximum sparsity and residual threshold, respectively. If either the sparsity constraint or the residual constraint is not satisfied, the iteration restarts; that is, the optimal atom is reselected, the atom is updated based on the optimal atom, the optimal coefficients are solved, and the residual is updated.
[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the optimal coefficients are solved by the least squares method to find the coefficients that minimize the sum of squared errors with the original signal, thereby minimizing the error between the reconstructed signal and the original signal.
[0038] In one embodiment, step S3, reconstructing the residual signal to obtain a reconstructed residual signal, further includes: The reconstructed residual signal R is obtained according to the following formula: .
[0039] In one embodiment, step S3, when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window, determines that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window, including: S31. Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to the preset residual threshold, the fault counter counts by 1. When the count of the fault counter is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the trip signal of the fault counter is triggered. In this embodiment of the invention, the preset residual threshold can be determined based on the average value and the standard deviation within the current sliding window. The expression for the preset residual threshold is as follows: in, The preset residual threshold, The average value within the sliding window. This represents the standard deviation within the sliding window.
[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the trip signal is a signal that indicates the counter is starting or stopping its counting. When the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold, it is determined that a series arc fault exists in the current signal within the current sliding window.
[0041] S32. Slide the current sliding window forward and repeat the residual signal reconstruction step based on the next sliding window.
[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the current sliding window is slid forward, and the residual signal reconstruction step is performed based on the next sliding window. When the residual signal reconstructed by the next window does not exceed the limit, the count of the fault counter is set to 0.
[0043] By continuously sliding the sliding window forward and repeatedly executing the residual signal reconstruction step, the embodiments of the present invention can achieve continuous monitoring of the current signal, which helps to detect and locate series arc faults in a timely manner.
[0044] In one embodiment, after step S2, reconstructing the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal, the method further includes: S201. When the reconstructed residual signal is less than the preset residual threshold within the sliding window, determine the rate of change between the reconstructed residual signal of the current sliding window and the reconstructed residual signal of the previous sliding window. In this embodiment of the invention, the above judgment expression is as follows: in, That is, the rate of change. This is the reconstruction residual signal of the previous sliding window. This is the reconstruction residual signal for the current sliding window.
[0045] S202. If the rate of change is less than the preset ratio threshold, update the current dictionary and determine that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window. In this embodiment of the invention, when it is determined that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window, the fault counter is triggered to count.
[0046] S203. If the rate of change is greater than or equal to the preset ratio threshold, the current sliding window is slid forward, and the residual signal reconstruction step is repeated based on the next sliding window.
[0047] This invention, through comparing the rate of change of the reconstructed residual signals of the current sliding window and the previous sliding window with a preset ratio threshold, can accurately determine whether an arc fault exists. If the rate of change is small, it indicates that the signal change is stable, which may indicate an arc fault. In this case, updating the dictionary can improve the detection accuracy. If the rate of change is large, it indicates that the signal change is drastic, which may be normal fluctuation or other interference. In this case, not updating the dictionary and continuing to monitor the next sliding window can avoid misjudgment.
[0048] In one embodiment, S202, updating the current dictionary includes: S2021. Traverse each atom in the current dictionary, count the number of times each atom is selected by the sliding window, and mark the preset number of atoms with the fewest selections as the set of atoms to be updated. In this embodiment of the invention, the atoms of dictionary D can be traversed, and the number of times each atom is selected in the nearby M sliding windows can be counted. The K atoms that are selected the least are marked as the set of atoms to be updated.
[0049] S2022. The current signal in the current sliding window is randomly segmented and then normalized to form a new set of candidate atoms. In this embodiment of the invention, the preprocessed signal in the current sliding window can be segmented, with the segment length consistent with the dictionary source length, and normalized so that its L2 norm is 1. This segment of atoms is then used as a new candidate set of atoms D. update .
[0050] S2023. In the new candidate atom set, determine the candidate atom with the lowest correlation to the other atoms in the dictionary, and replace the corresponding atom in the atom set to be updated with the candidate atom to obtain the updated dictionary.
[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the candidate atom set can be traversed, and the atoms in each candidate set can be compared with the current dictionary. D The K candidate atoms with the lowest correlation to other atoms d j The correlation coefficient can be determined by the absolute value of the inner product; K new candidate atoms are used to replace K atoms to be updated. M and K are constants that can be determined according to actual needs and scenarios. For example, M=20, K=3.
[0052] This invention, by counting the number of times atoms are selected, marks these atoms as atoms to be updated, which ensures that the atoms in the updated dictionary match the characteristics of the actual signal. Furthermore, by introducing a new set of candidate atoms and selecting the candidate atoms with the lowest correlation to the existing atoms for replacement, the diversity and expressive power of the dictionary can be increased, thereby improving the accuracy of signal reconstruction.
[0053] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention, by performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within a sliding window, can determine the residual signal of the current signal while accurately distinguishing between normal waveforms and arc waveforms. Based on the comparison of the residual signal with a preset residual threshold, it can determine whether a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window. This can reduce the situation where normal waveforms are misjudged as arc waveforms, resulting in low accuracy in series arc fault detection, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of series arc detection.
[0054] Furthermore, by comparing the rate of change of the reconstructed residual signal of the current sliding window and the previous sliding window, and comparing it with a preset ratio threshold, the present invention can accurately determine whether an arc fault exists.
[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above method embodiments, corresponding apparatus embodiments are provided; An embodiment of the present invention provides a series arc detection device, comprising: The sliding window setting module 10 is used to acquire the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and set several sliding windows; The residual signal reconstruction module 20 is used for the following residual signal reconstruction steps: performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal; and performing reconstruction processing on the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal. The arc fault judgment module 30 is used to determine that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window.
[0056] In one embodiment, sparse decomposition of the current signal within the current sliding window is performed to determine the residual signal of the current signal, including: Initialize the dictionary; Use the current signal within the current sliding window as the initial residual signal; Calculate the inner product projection of the current residual signal and each atom in the current dictionary, and take the atom corresponding to the inner product projection with the largest absolute value as the optimal atom; The optimal coefficients of the optimal atom are determined by the least squares method. The current residual signal is then updated based on the optimal coefficients to obtain the updated residual signal.
[0057] In one embodiment, when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window, determining that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window includes: Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to the preset residual threshold, the fault counter increments by 1. When the fault counter count is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the fault counter trip signal is triggered. Slide the current sliding window forward and repeat the residual signal reconstruction step based on the next sliding window.
[0058] In one embodiment, after reconstructing the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal, the method further includes: Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is less than the preset residual threshold, the rate of change between the reconstructed residual signal of the current sliding window and the reconstructed residual signal of the previous sliding window is determined. If the rate of change is less than the preset ratio threshold, the current dictionary is updated, and it is determined that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window. If the rate of change is greater than or equal to the preset ratio threshold, the current sliding window is slid forward, and the residual signal reconstruction step is repeated based on the next sliding window.
[0059] In one embodiment, updating the current dictionary includes: Iterate through each atom in the current dictionary, count the number of times each atom is selected by the sliding window, and mark the atom with the fewest selections as the set of atoms to be updated. The current signal in the current sliding window is randomly segmented and then normalized to form a new set of candidate atoms. In the new candidate atom set, the candidate atom with the lowest correlation to the remaining atoms in the dictionary is determined, and the corresponding atom in the atom set to be updated is replaced with the candidate atom to obtain the updated dictionary.
[0060] In one embodiment, the preset residual threshold is determined based on the average value and the standard deviation within the current sliding window.
[0061] It is understood that the above-described device embodiments correspond to the method embodiments of the present invention, and can implement the series arc detection method provided by any of the above-described method embodiments of the present invention.
[0062] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings of the device embodiments provided by this invention, the connection relationships between modules indicate that they have communication connections, which can specifically be implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.
[0063] Based on the above embodiments of the series arc detection method, another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the series arc detection method of any embodiment of the present invention.
[0064] For example, in this embodiment, the computer program can be divided into one or more modules, one or more modules are stored in memory and executed by a processor to complete the present invention. One or more module elements can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program in a terminal device.
[0065] Terminal devices can be computing devices such as desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, and cloud servers. Terminal devices may include, but are not limited to, processors and memory.
[0066] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, connecting all parts of the terminal device through various interfaces and lines.
[0067] Based on the above-described method embodiments, another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is running, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the series arc detection method of any of the above-described method embodiments of the present invention.
[0068] The modules / units integrated into the device / terminal equipment, if implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.
[0069] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for detecting a series electric arc, characterized in that, include: Acquire the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and set several sliding windows; Residual signal reconstruction steps: Perform sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal; perform reconstruction processing on the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal; Within the sliding window, if the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold, it is determined that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window.
2. The series arc detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of sparsely decomposing the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal includes: Initialize the dictionary; Use the current signal within the current sliding window as the initial residual signal; Calculate the inner product projection of the current residual signal and each atom in the current dictionary, and take the atom corresponding to the inner product projection with the largest absolute value as the optimal atom; The optimal coefficients of the optimal atom are determined using the least squares method, and the current residual signal is updated based on the optimal coefficients to obtain the updated residual signal.
3. The series arc detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window, determining that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window includes: Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold, the fault counter increments by 1; when the fault counter count is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the fault counter trips. Slide the current sliding window forward, and repeat the residual signal reconstruction step based on the next sliding window.
4. The series arc detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After reconstructing the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal, the process further includes: Within the sliding window, when the reconstructed residual signal is less than a preset residual threshold, the rate of change between the reconstructed residual signal of the current sliding window and the reconstructed residual signal of the previous sliding window is determined. If the rate of change is less than a preset ratio threshold, the current dictionary is updated, and it is determined that there is a series arc fault in the current sliding window. If the rate of change is greater than or equal to the preset ratio threshold, the current sliding window is slid forward, and the residual signal reconstruction step is repeated based on the next sliding window.
5. The series arc detection method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The update of the current dictionary includes: Iterate through each atom in the current dictionary, count the number of times each atom is selected by the sliding window, and mark the atom with the fewest selections as the set of atoms to be updated. The current signal in the current sliding window is randomly segmented and then normalized to form a new set of candidate atoms. In the new set of candidate atoms, the candidate atom with the lowest correlation to the remaining atoms in the dictionary is determined, and the corresponding atom in the set of atoms to be updated is replaced with the candidate atom to obtain the updated dictionary.
6. The series arc detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset residual threshold is determined based on the average value and the standard deviation within the current sliding window.
7. A series arc detection device, characterized in that, include: The sliding window setting module is used to acquire the current signal of the low-voltage circuit and set several sliding windows; The residual signal reconstruction module is used for the following residual signal reconstruction steps: performing sparse decomposition on the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal; and performing reconstruction processing on the residual signal to obtain the reconstructed residual signal. An arc fault detection module is used to determine that a series arc fault exists in the current sliding window when the reconstructed residual signal is greater than or equal to a preset residual threshold within the sliding window.
8. The series arc detection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of sparsely decomposing the current signal within the current sliding window to determine the residual signal of the current signal includes: Initialize the dictionary; Use the current signal within the current sliding window as the initial residual signal; Calculate the inner product projection of the current residual signal and each atom in the current dictionary, and take the atom corresponding to the inner product projection with the largest absolute value as the optimal atom; The optimal coefficients of the optimal atom are determined using the least squares method, and the current residual signal is updated based on the optimal coefficients to obtain the updated residual signal.
9. A terminal device, characterized in that, The method includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the series arc detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, include: A stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the series arc detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6.