Light wave chromatography computer coding method, system and architecture based on toning principle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric data processing, provides a light wave chromatography computer coding method, system and architecture based on a toning principle, and aims to break through the performance bottleneck of traditional electronic calculation. According to the method, physical-level color processing is realized through color binary coding and light wave state discrete mapping based on an optical toning principle. The system integrates a digital input interface, a wavelength coding converter, a light wave operation core and a wavelength analysis unit, and supports efficient optical signal direct operation. On the architecture level, an extended von Neumann design is adopted, a three-level Clos-WSS optical interconnection network, a photon ALU and a PCM holographic main memory are included, and femtosecond-level delay, low power consumption and high parallelism are achieved. Advantages include physical level computational accuracy, nearly zero data handling energy consumption, and large scale wavelength level parallel processing. The method is suitable for 8K video real-time color modulation, industrial sorting and other high-requirement scenes, and a subversive solution is provided for the fields of automatic driving, digital twinning and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optoelectronic data processing technology, specifically to a computer encoding method, calculation method, and system based on the principle of color tuning. This invention utilizes a computer encoding and calculation method based on the principle of color tuning, mapping color to light wavelength encoding, and establishing a core-parallel optical computing processor system based on the optical computer architecture design of the color tuning principle. It enables real-time color processing applications and is particularly suitable for 8K video color tuning and industrial product sorting. Background Technology

[0002] As semiconductor process nodes advance to below 2nm, CMOS devices face a series of fundamental challenges. Quantum tunneling leads to an exponential increase in leakage current (approximately 10-fold per generation), while interconnect parasitic resistance and capacitance (RC) delays become increasingly significant (exceeding 20ps / mm). According to the 2024 International Device and System Roadmap (IRDS), in high-performance processors, data transfer energy consumption accounts for over 60%, while the total power limit reaches several hundred watts. For example, the NVIDIA H100 GPU, when processing 8K video frames, has a latency of approximately 25ms and consumes over 700W.

[0003] The von Neumann architecture bottlenecks result in excessively high energy consumption for data transfer, with electronic logic gate latency exceeding 100 ps. Furthermore, the number of wavelength channels in high-end chips is limited to 64 cores, making multi-core parallel computing difficult. These bottlenecks stem from the strong Coulomb interaction and thermal effects of electrons, severely restricting the scalability of electronic computing. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, it is urgent to explore emerging computing paradigms such as photonics, quantum computing, and neuromorphic computing. Consequently, existing technologies cannot achieve hardware-level mathematical operations for physical light wave color. This application addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a computer coding method, system, and architecture for light wave color chromatography based on color tuning principles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The optical colorimetric computer coding method based on the principle of color matching includes the following steps: Step 1: Encode the color using binary numbers. The number of bits from low to high are bit 0, bit 1, bit 2, and bit 3. Bits 0-2 represent the presence of the three primary colors, red, green, and blue, respectively. 1 means present and 0 means not present. The third bit is the color intensity bit. Step 2: Based on the discrete mapping of light wave states using spectral functions, color encoding is mapped one-to-one with light wavelengths, converting the 4-bit binary code b into a specific physical spectrum S(b). The encoding is discretely mapped using the following spectral function: Where b∈{0,1}4 Let b be a binary vector, and b be the color code obtained in step 1. i b3 is the i-th digit in the encoding, b3 is the intensity bit, representing color brightness; A0 = 1 mW / mm² reference intensity; rect is a rectangular window function, representing the spectral linewidth Δλ = 10nm, λ i The wavelengths of the three primary colors, red, green, and blue, are λ, respectively. R =630nm, λ G =532nm, λ B =470nm; Represents the fundamental spectrum; Step 3: Select appropriate hardware based on the peak wavelength of quantum dot laser to achieve wavelength output; Step 4: Propose a color mixing and overlay principle based on the optical computing paradigm, and define the basic operations of color addition and subtraction, where color addition is: spectral union + interference, and color subtraction is: spectral difference + filtering; Step 5: Utilize optical methods for color computation, namely, additive color mixing to perform addition and OR operations, subtractive color filtering to perform subtraction and AND operations, complementary color generation to perform logical NOT operations, color space transformation to perform shift operations, and color cycling to perform modulo operations.

[0005] Furthermore, in step 4, the light wave signal carrying color information is directly processed using optical physical devices. The processing methods are as follows: (1) The addition operation is achieved through spectral union and interference, using a silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer array, following the... Optical computing principles; (2) Subtraction is achieved through spectral difference and filtering, using a Si3N4 microring resonator array device, following the... Optical computing principles; (3) The logical NOT operation is achieved by subtracting the target spectrum from the full spectrum, following the rule that ~S=full spectrum–S, with equivalent bit inversion and intensity bit b3 encoding unchanged; (4) The cyclic shift operation uses a BBO nonlinear crystal to achieve frequency multiplication / division, and uses a broadband filter combined with anti-phase interference to achieve the operation. The cyclic shift operation is performed on the coding bits 0-2, i.e., red, green, blue, red, while the intensity bit b3 remains unchanged. (5) Modular operation is achieved through the free spectrum range of the dual-ring cavity, following S mod M = resonant(S, FSRM), where M = 2 to 16.

[0006] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a light wave color spectrum computer encoding system based on the color matching principle, implemented using the above method, comprising: a digital input interface for receiving external digital color encoding signals; a wavelength encoding converter connected to the digital input interface for converting the digital color encoding signals into corresponding light wave signals; a light wave operation core connected to the wavelength encoding converter for performing additive, subtractive, and modulo operations on the light wave signals; a wavelength analysis unit connected to the light wave operation core for analyzing and restoring the processed light wave signals into digital color encoding signals; and a digital output interface connected to the wavelength analysis unit for outputting the final digital operation results.

[0007] Furthermore, the wavelength conversion module includes a codec, a wavelength mapping LUT, a laser driver array, and a quantum dot laser. The codec includes a 4-bit input register, an address decoding circuit, and a control logic unit. It latches the input 4-bit binary color code through the 4-bit input register, parses the code into the index address of the LUT, and triggers the wavelength mapping LUT to read the target wavelength parameters. The wavelength mapping LUT is an SRAM, which stores the mapping relationship between the 4-bit code and the wavelength / intensity through 16 entries of SRAM. It outputs the target wavelength value and intensity parameters according to the input code index. The laser driver array is an event-driven laser array that activates the corresponding wavelength only during operation. Its functional units include an 8-channel current driver, a DAC precision control module, and an overload protection circuit. It receives the wavelength / intensity parameters output by the LUT and generates the corresponding drive signal. The quantum dot laser includes a tunable quantum dot laser tube, a thermoelectric cooler, and a beam combining optics. It outputs monochromatic laser or dual-wavelength mixed laser according to the code.

[0008] Furthermore, the optical wave computing core includes a color mixing unit, a tunable filter bank, and a resonant cavity mode operator. Addition is achieved through the color mixing unit, which employs a Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of two 50:50 beam splitters, two phase modulation arms, and a beam combiner. The unit also includes a phase modulator and a multi-wavelength input coupler. The phase modulator is a lithium niobate electro-optic modulator, whose refractive index is controlled by a voltage response. The multi-wavelength input coupler is cascaded with a Y-branch waveguide, generating new colors through constructive interference to achieve the color mixing operation. Wavelength beam combining enables the OR operation (combining components). Subtraction, AND, and NOT operations are achieved through the tunable filter bank, which consists of 128 silica microrings. The ring filter array is driven by a digital control interface based on the filtering parameters stored in the wavelength programming unit to control the optical bandwidth. It selects between band-stop and band-pass modes via a mode switching switch. Subtraction is performed through band-stop filtering, AND is performed through dual-wavelength band-pass filtering, and NOT operations are performed through full-spectrum band-stop filtering. Shift and modulus operations are implemented through a resonant cavity mode selector, which consists of a dual-ring resonant cavity, a BBO frequency doubling crystal, and a mode selector. The ring of the dual-ring resonant cavity is a lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid ring cavity, with the resonant peak spacing controlled by a thermal tuner. The BBO frequency doubling crystal is a barium β-borate nonlinear crystal that achieves wavelength shifting. The mode selector adjusts the transmission mode via an adjustable laser source and a wavelength detection spectrometer.

[0009] Furthermore, the wavelength analysis unit includes a grating spectrometer, a SPAD detector array, a peak detection module, and a coding mapping LUT. The grating spectrometer employs a 1200 lines / mm diffraction grating, an entrance slit and collimating mirror group, and a curved reflector to disperse the input mixed light signal into a continuous spectrum according to wavelength, separating different wavelength components. The SPAD detector array uses a 1024-pixel SPAD array composed of single-photon avalanche diodes, a time-correlated single-photon counting circuit, and a quenching circuit to quantitatively detect the light intensity at each wavelength position, forming a wavelength-intensity distribution histogram. The spectral analysis algorithm uses a Gaussian fitting algorithm to detect the main peak value. The unit consists of an intensity calculation unit that integrates and normalizes the peak area, and a multi-peak decoupler that separates overlapping peaks, identifying wavelength components and their proportions, and filtering noise. The coding mapping LUT is a 16-entry SRAM that stores the mapping rules between wavelength combinations and 4-bit codes, mapping the spectral analysis results into 4-bit binary codes through intensity judgment logic.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an extended von Neumann architecture based on optical wave technology for implementing the above-described system, comprising: an external system for receiving digital input signals and outputting digital processing results; an I / O interface layer for converting digital signals into optical signals and vice versa; a central scheduling unit for decoding instructions, detecting conflicts, and optimizing routing; a three-level Clos-WSS interconnection network for achieving efficient routing of optical signals; a computing unit including a photonic ALU and an optimized kernel to support SIMD parallel computing; an L2 cache for providing cache for multi-core access and ensuring data consistency; a global management system for managing system temperature and phase and providing security mechanisms; and a PCM holographic main memory for providing large-capacity, low-latency storage.

[0011] Furthermore, the external system includes a digital input module and a digital output module; the I / O interface layer includes a quantum dot laser array and a single-photon avalanche diode array; the central scheduling unit includes an instruction decoder, a collision detector, and an AI routing agent, wherein the instruction decoder consists of a broadband filter, a SPAD array, and a LUT, the collision detector includes a spectral scanner device, and the AI ​​routing agent adopts a Q-learning algorithm; the three-level Clos-WSS interconnection network input stage is designed to be 8×16 The Mach-Zehnder interferometer switch features a 16×16 micro-ring router in the intermediate stage and a 16×8 micro-ring router in the output stage. Each core photonic ALU in the computing unit includes a Mach-Zehnder array, a micro-ring filter, and a dual-ring cavity, with the option to add optimized cores as needed. Each core is paired with an L1 cache, which consists of a micro-ring array comprising 16 independent storage banks, each bound to an independent wavelength channel. The L2 cache is implemented using LiNbO3 serpentine delay lines, with a capacity of 100-500GB. It uses a splitter for reading and a Mach-Zehnder switch for writing, ensuring consistency control through wavelength mutexes. Global management uses thermoelectric cooler sensors to collect information from all integrated on-chip devices, achieving drift of less than 0.5 picometers / degrees Celsius through AI phase compensation, and constructing a thermal feedback loop. A security module is also designed to encrypt wavelength watermarks for tamper resistance. The PCM holographic main memory uses phase-change material crystals for optical storage, with a capacity of 1-10TB and a latency of 15-25 picoseconds.

[0012] Furthermore, the architecture operation process includes: The first step is to receive digital signals from the external system through the digital input module; The second step is for the digital-to-optical-wave conversion module to convert the digital input signal into an optical signal. The third step is that the instruction decoder receives the 32-bit RGB-ISA instruction, performs preliminary processing through a wideband filter and SPAD array, uses LUT mapping to decompose the instruction into OP code, operands, priority and address, and issues routing instructions. The fourth step involves the input stage receiving optical signals from the I / O interface layer, performing initial routing via a Mach-Zehnder switch, further routing via a micro-ring router in the intermediate stage, detecting wavelength information via an AWG, and distributing the signal to the corresponding output terminals via an MMI splitter in the output stage. The SPAD is used to verify the integrity of the signal, ensuring non-blocking communication with a latency of less than 10 picoseconds. Fifth, the photonic ALU performs parallel interferometric calculations using a Mach-Zehnder array; a micro-ring filter performs wavelength selection and filtering operations; dual-ring cavities dynamically store data; the further optimized kernel selects the corresponding dedicated acceleration unit for calculation based on the instruction type, and uses SIMD parallelism to improve the calculation speed; the L1 cache stores data into the corresponding bank according to the wavelength channel, and quickly reads and writes data according to the calculation needs, improving the efficiency of the computing unit; The sixth step involves the multi-core processor reading data through a splitter and writing data through a Mach-Zehnder switch. The seventh step involves the central dispatch unit issuing operational instructions to establish a global network connection. The eighth step is to output the calculation results to the I / O interface layer via the global internet; The ninth step is to store the calculation results in the PCM holographic main memory; Step 10: The optical wave digital conversion module converts the optical signal into a digital signal, which is then output through the inverse LUT.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in: I. Break through performance bottlenecks and achieve orders-of-magnitude improvements in speed and energy efficiency. 1. Femtosecond-level computing speed, completely eliminating electronic latency: This invention utilizes the speed of light for propagation and computation, achieving a latency of up to 0.3 picoseconds (ps) for core optical operations (such as interference and filtering) and less than 0.1 picoseconds for spectral analysis. Compared to the latency of over 100 picoseconds for traditional electronic logic gates and the up to 25 milliseconds (ms) latency for high-end GPUs processing 8K video frames, this invention increases computing speed by several orders of magnitude, providing a fundamental guarantee for real-time processing of ultra-high-definition video streams and high-speed industrial sorting.

[0014] 2. Near-zero data transfer energy consumption, breaking the "power consumption wall" problem: By using a direct optical signal transmission to the computing unit, data does not require frequent electrical conversions and transfers between the processor and memory during computation. This fundamentally eliminates the bottleneck in the von Neumann architecture where data transfer energy consumption accounts for over 60%. Experimental comparisons show that when processing the same 8K video color grading task, the power consumption of this invention can be reduced to 60W, while traditional GPU solutions (such as the NVIDIA H100) consume over 700W, representing an energy efficiency improvement of over 10 times, effectively breaking through the "power consumption wall" that restricts the development of computing power.

[0015] II. Reconstructing the computational paradigm to ensure physical-level computational accuracy and fidelity 1. Physical-level computational precision, eliminating digital errors: This invention bases color computation on the laws of physical optics. By precisely controlling the wavelength (with an accuracy of Δλ < 0.005 nm) and utilizing physical effects such as interference and filtering, it ensures the absolute accuracy of additive and subtractive color operations. This avoids rounding errors caused by floating-point representation and continuous calculations in digital computation, enabling zero-distortion color processing in applications with extremely high requirements for color fidelity, such as industrial quality inspection and medical imaging.

[0016] 2. Strict equivalence between mathematics and physics ensures deterministic computation: Through the core spectral function S(b) and optical computation principles, it is ensured that the logical operation results of binary encoding are completely consistent with the physical results of light wave mixing. This deterministic computation paradigm makes the calculation results 100% reliable, eliminating the need for complex error correction.

[0017] III. Innovative System Architecture, Empowering High Parallelism and High Scalability 1. Large-scale wavelength-level parallelism significantly improves throughput: The three-level Clos-WSS optical interconnect network used in this invention supports wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology. A single fiber can transmit eight wavelengths, achieving an on-chip non-blocking communication bandwidth of 262.144 Tbps, supporting the parallel operation of 128 computing cores. This enables the system to achieve a throughput of 9.4 Gpixels / second in 8K video processing and a speed of 2000 pieces / second in industrial sorting scenarios, representing a more than 10-fold improvement over traditional CCD or GPU solutions.

[0018] 2. Extended von Neumann architecture for efficient resource scheduling: By introducing a central scheduling unit (including an AI routing agent) and multi-level optical caches (micro-ring array L1 cache, lithium niobate delay line L2 cache, and PCM holographic main memory), collaborative optimization of computing, storage, and interconnection is achieved. The AI-driven Q-learning routing algorithm can dynamically optimize the optical path, further reducing communication latency and enabling efficient scheduling and execution of complex computing tasks.

[0019] IV. Promote technological integration to lay the foundation for engineering and practical application. 1. Advanced hybrid integration process ensures system stability and miniaturization: Utilizing a lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid integration process and 2.5D CoWoS packaging technology, CMOS control circuitry, silicon waveguides, and high-performance optical devices are three-dimensionally integrated. Combined with precise temperature control (drift <0.5 picometers / ℃) and phase compensation of the global management unit, the entire system can operate stably over a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 125℃, solving the industry challenge of balancing high integration and high stability in photonic chips, paving the way for large-scale production and commercialization.

[0020] 2. Opening up new application scenarios and creating new industrial value: This invention can not only replace the computing power of GPUs in video rendering, graphics processing and other fields, but its femtosecond-level latency and high precision characteristics are also suitable for cutting-edge fields such as real-time environmental perception in autonomous driving, high-fidelity rendering of digital twins, zero-defect sorting in Industry 4.0 and ultrafast spectral analysis in biomedicine, bringing disruptive technical solutions to these industries. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention relates to a computer coding system for optical chromatography. Figure 2 This invention relates to the color coding and wavelength mapping relationship. Figure 3 This is the calculation rule for the color matching principle of this invention; Figure 4 This is a wavelength encoding converter of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the optical wave computing core of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the wavelength analysis unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an example of color adjustment calculation in this invention; Figure 8 This invention relates to a computer coding system for optical chromatography based on the principle of color matching. Figure 9 This invention is based on an extended von Neumann architecture using optical wave technology. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 2-3 As shown, this invention provides a computer coding method for optical chromatography based on the principle of color matching, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Encode the color using binary numbers. The number of bits from low to high are bit 0, bit 1, bit 2, and bit 3. Bits 0-2 represent the presence of the three primary colors, red, green, and blue, respectively. 1 means present and 0 means not present. The third bit is the color intensity bit. Step 2: 201 Based on the discrete mapping of light wave states using spectral functions, color coding is mapped one-to-one with light wavelengths, converting the 4-bit binary code b into a specific physical spectrum S(b). The coding is discretely mapped using the following spectral function: Where b∈{0,1} 4 Let b be a binary vector, and b be the color code obtained in step 1. i b3 is the i-th digit in the encoding, b3 is the intensity bit, representing color brightness; A0 = 1 mW / mm² reference intensity; rect is a rectangular window function, representing the spectral linewidth Δλ = 10 nm. i The wavelengths of the three primary colors, red, green, and blue, are λ, respectively. R =630nm, λ G =532nm, λ B =470nm; Represents the fundamental spectrum; Step 3: 202 Based on the peak wavelength selection of quantum dot laser, the corresponding hardware is used to realize wavelength output, which explains the physical realization of different wavelengths; Step 4: 300 proposes a color overlay principle based on the optical computing paradigm, and defines the basic operations of color addition and subtraction, where color addition is: spectral union + interference, and color subtraction is: spectral difference + filtering; Step 5: 301 Utilize color computation optical implementation methods, namely, additive color mixing to implement addition and OR operations, subtractive color filtering to implement subtraction and AND operations, complementary color generation to implement logical NOT operations, color space transformation to implement shift operations, and color cycling to implement modulo operations.

[0023] Specifically, in step 4 of section 302, the light wave signal carrying color information is directly processed using optical physical devices. The processing methods are as follows: (1) The addition operation is achieved through spectral union and interference, using a silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer array, following the... Optical computing principles; (2) Subtraction is achieved through spectral difference and filtering, using a Si3N4 microring resonator array device, following the... Optical computing principles; (3) The logical NOT operation is achieved by subtracting the target spectrum from the full spectrum, following the rule that ~S=full spectrum–S, with equivalent bit inversion and intensity bit b3 encoding unchanged; (4) The cyclic shift operation uses a BBO nonlinear crystal to achieve frequency multiplication / division, and uses a broadband filter combined with anti-phase interference to achieve the operation. The cyclic shift operation is performed on the coding bits 0-2, i.e., red, green, blue, red, while the intensity bit b3 remains unchanged. (5) Modular operation is achieved through the free spectrum range of the dual-ring cavity, following S mod M = resonant(S, FSRM), where M = 2 to 16.

[0024] like Figure 7 As shown, this figure is Figure 1 An example of color adjustment calculations based on the operating principle, where: The 700 additive color operation, following the physical principle of additive color mixing, achieves beam interference mixing through a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), and is implemented in three steps: Step 1: Digital-to-wavelength conversion, such as inputting a four-bit code for red (0001) and green (0010), by... Figure 4 The digital-to-wavelength conversion module drives the laser to output 630nm red light and 532nm green light; Step 2: Optical interference mixing. Two beams of light are input into the MZI interferometer to produce constructive interference. The interference of 630nm + 532nm generates yellow light, and the wavelength perceived by the human eye is 570nm. Step 3: Wavelength to digital conversion. The grating spectrometer's dispersive light signal is detected by the SPAD array as a dual-peak 630nm and 532nm light wave. The LUT is matched with the dual-wavelength combination and the yellow code 0011.

[0025] The 701 AND operation, a dual-wavelength bandpass filter, extracts the common wavelength component of the input light, and is implemented in three steps: Step 1: Digital to wavelength conversion. Input yellow (0011) to convert to 630nm+532nm dual-wavelength light; input cyan (0110) to convert to 532nm+470nm dual-wavelength light. Step 2: Extract the common component and configure the tunable filter to dual bandpass mode (center 532nm, bandwidth 1nm), transmitting only the common wavelength of the two beams, 532nm (green light). Step 3: Output the results. The wavelength to digital detection unit detects a single wavelength of 532nm and maps it to the green code 0010.

[0026] The 702 subtraction operation, implemented through a programmable band-stop filter, selectively filters out the target wavelength by controlling the polarization state of the liquid crystal via voltage. It is achieved in three steps: Step 1: Digital to wavelength conversion. Input the 4-bit code of white (0111). The digital to wavelength converter outputs full-spectrum light. Input the code of blue (0100) as the filtering instruction. Step 2: Band-stop filtering, the filter is loaded with a 470nm band-stop configuration, and the 470nm blue light in the full-spectrum input light is filtered out; Step 3: Residual light detection and output. The output light, which contains 630nm red light and 532nm green light, is detected and output by the wavelength to digital true conversion module, and mapped to the yellow code 0011. The 703 wavelength shifting operation is performed using a BBO frequency doubling crystal, and is implemented in five steps: Step 1: Digital to wavelength conversion, input red light (0001) digital code, and the digital to wavelength converter maps and outputs 630nm red light; Step 2: Optical shifting, the BBO crystal doubles the frequency of the 630nm light to output ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 315nm; Step 3: After dual-ring cavity calculation (315nm mod 8nm) = 315 - 39*8 = 3nm; Step 4: BBO crystal doubles frequency to output 6nm (visible light band); Step 5: Wavelength detector mapping 6nm → Encoding 0010 (green).

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides a computer coding system for optical chromatography based on the principle of color matching, implemented using the above method, including: 100 digital input interfaces receive 4-bit binary color codes from external inputs and transmit them to the wavelength code converter via a 32G high-speed digital bus; The 101 wavelength code converter maps 4-bit codes to physical wavelengths through 16 LUT entries, drives a quantum dot laser array, and outputs the target light wave. The 102-core optical wave processing unit performs additive color / OR operations via a Mach-Zehnder interferometer; performs subtractive color / AND / NOT operations via a programmable liquid crystal-grating filter; and handles shift / modulus operations via a dual-ring resonant cavity (FSR=60nm). The 103 wavelength storage unit utilizes a lithium niobate crystal storage array to store spectral data through wavelength-spatial dual encoding. The 104 wavelength analysis unit utilizes a 1200 lines / mm grating to disperse light signals; it uses a 1024-pixel SPAD array for single-photon detection to capture the intensity of each wavelength, and a spectral analysis algorithm to identify the dominant wavelength components, which are then mapped back to 4-bit codes via LUT. The 105 digital output interface receives 4-bit result data from the wavelength analysis unit through wavelength-corresponding encoding mapping, and the digital output interface module writes the result back to the global wavelength memory or register.

[0028] Specifically, the wavelength conversion module includes a codec, a wavelength mapping LUT, a laser driver array, and a quantum dot laser, wherein: The 400 encoder / decoder includes a 4-bit input register, an address decoding circuit, and a control logic unit. It latches the 4-bit binary color code input through the 4-bit input register, parses the code into the index address of the LUT, and triggers the wavelength mapping LUT to read the target wavelength parameters. The 401 wavelength mapping LUT has an SRAM as its functional unit. It stores the mapping relationship between 4-bit codes and wavelength / intensity through 16 entries of SRAM and outputs the target wavelength value and intensity parameter according to the input code index. The 402 laser drive array is an event-driven laser array that activates the corresponding wavelength only during operation. The functional units include an 8-channel current driver, a DAC precision control module, and an overload protection circuit. It receives the wavelength / intensity parameters output by the LUT and generates the corresponding drive signal.

[0029] 403 Quantum dot lasers, including tunable quantum dot laser tubes, thermoelectric coolers, and beam combining optics, output monochromatic lasers or dual-wavelength hybrid lasers according to an encoding.

[0030] Specifically, the optical wave processing core includes a color mixing unit, a tunable filter bank, and a resonant cavity mode operator, wherein: The 500-channel color mixing unit employs a Mach-Zehnder interferometer consisting of two 50:50 beamsplitters, two phase modulation arms, and a beam combiner, along with a phase modulator and a multi-wavelength input coupler. The phase modulator utilizes a lithium niobate electro-optic modulator, with a voltage-controlled refractive index change, a modulation bandwidth up to 40 GHz, and a drive voltage of 3.3 V. The multi-wavelength input coupler is cascaded with a Y-branch waveguide, supporting simultaneous input of eight wavelength channels. New colors are generated through interferometric construction, enabling color addition operations and wavelength beam combining for component merging and OR operations. Up to eight wavelengths can be mixed simultaneously. The computational delay is less than 0.3 ps, and the mixing accuracy reaches 99.8%.

[0031] The 501 tunable filter bank consists of an array of 128 silica microrings. The optical bandwidth is controlled by a digital control interface based on filter parameters stored in the wavelength programming unit, and band-stop and band-pass modes are selected via a mode switching switch. Subtraction is performed through band-stop filtering, AND operations are performed through dual-wavelength band-pass filtering, and NOT operations are performed through full-spectrum band-stop filtering.

[0032] The 502 resonant cavity mode operator consists of a dual-ring resonant cavity, a BBO frequency doubling crystal, and a mode selector. The dual-ring resonant cavity uses a lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid ring cavity (ring 1 radius 50μm, ring 2 radius 55μm, corresponding to FSR=60nm and 54.5nm), and the resonant peak spacing is controlled by a thermal tuner. The BBO frequency doubling crystal uses a barium β-borate nonlinear crystal with a thickness of 0.5mm to achieve wavelength shifting. The mode selector selects the transmission mode through an adjustable laser source and a wavelength detection spectrometer.

[0033] Specifically, the wavelength analysis unit includes a grating spectrometer, a SPAD detector array, a peak detection module, and a coding mapping LUT, wherein: The 600 grating spectrometer uses a 1200 lines / mm diffraction grating, an entrance slit and collimating mirror assembly, and a curved mirror to disperse the input mixed light signal into a continuous spectrum according to wavelength, separating different wavelength components. The 601 SPAD detector array uses a 1024-pixel SPAD array composed of single-photon avalanche diodes, a time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) circuit, and a quenching circuit. The photon recording accuracy reaches 10 ps, ​​quantitatively detecting the light intensity at each wavelength position and forming a wavelength-intensity distribution histogram. The 602 spectral analysis algorithm consists of a peak detection module that uses Gaussian fitting algorithm to detect the main peak; an intensity calculation unit that integrates and normalizes the peak area; and a multi-peak decoupler that separates overlapping peaks. It identifies wavelength components and their proportions and filters noise. The 603 encoding mapping LUT has 16 entries in its SRAM and stores the mapping rules between wavelength combinations and 4-bit codes. The intensity judgment logic maps the spectral analysis results into 4-bit binary codes.

[0034] like Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides an extended von Neumann architecture based on optical wave technology for implementing the above-described system, including: an 800 external system for receiving digital input signals and outputting digital processing results, including a digital input module and a digital output module.

[0035] The 801 I / O interface layer, used to convert digital signals into optical signals and vice versa, consists of a QD (quantum dot) laser array and a SPAD (single-photon avalanche diode) array.

[0036] The 802 Central Scheduling Unit is used to decode instructions, detect collisions, and optimize routes. The instruction decoder consists of a wideband filter, a SPAD array, and a LUT. The collision detector includes a spectral scanner. The AI ​​routing agent uses the Q-learning algorithm.

[0037] The 803 three-level Clos-WSS interconnection network is used to achieve efficient routing of optical signals. The input stage is designed with 8×16 MZI switches; the intermediate stage is designed with 16×16 micro-ring routers; and the output stage uses 16×8 micro-ring routers.

[0038] The 804 arithmetic unit, comprising a photonic ALU and optimized cores, performs computational tasks. Each photonic ALU core includes an MZI array, micro-ring filters, and dual-ring cavities, and can be supplemented with optimized cores as needed. It supports SIMD parallelism and dedicated acceleration units such as matrix operation units and convolution operation units. Each core is paired with an L1 cache, which consists of a micro-ring array (32×32 units) comprising 16 independent storage banks (Bank0-Bank15), each bank bound to an independent wavelength channel.

[0039] The 805 L2 cache provides a cache for multi-core access and ensures data consistency. It is implemented with LiNbO3 serpentine delay lines, has a capacity of 100-500GB, uses a splitter for reading and an MZI switch for writing, and ensures consistency control through wavelength mutexes.

[0040] The 806 global management system manages system temperature and phase, and provides security mechanisms. It uses TEC (thermoelectric cooler) sensors to collect information from all on-chip integrated devices, and employs AI phase compensation to achieve drift of less than 0.5 picometers / degree Celsius, constructing a thermal feedback loop. Furthermore, a security module is designed to encrypt wavelengths with watermarks, achieving tamper resistance.

[0041] The 807 PCM holographic main memory provides high-capacity, low-latency storage. It uses GeSbTe phase change material crystals to achieve optical storage with a capacity of 1-10TB and a latency of 15-25 picoseconds.

[0042] Specifically, the operation of the von Neumann architecture is extended based on optical wave technology, including: The first step is for the 800 to receive digital signals from external systems via a digital input module; The second step is that the 801 digital optical wave converter module converts the digital input signal into an optical signal; The third step involves the 802 instruction decoder receiving 32-bit RGB-ISA instructions, performing preliminary processing through a wideband filter and SPAD array, using LUT mapping to decompose the instructions into OP codes, operands, priorities, and addresses, and issuing routing instructions. The fourth step involves the 803 input stage receiving optical signals from the I / O interface layer, performing initial routing via an MZI switch, further routing via a micro-ring router in the intermediate stage, detecting wavelength information via an AWG, and distributing the signal to the corresponding output terminals via an MMI splitter in the output stage. The SPAD is used to verify the integrity of the signal, ensuring non-blocking communication with a latency of less than 10 picoseconds. In the fifth step, the 804 photonic ALU performs parallel interferometric calculations through an MZI array; a micro-ring filter performs wavelength selection and filtering operations; dual-ring cavities dynamically store data; the further optimized kernel selects the corresponding dedicated acceleration unit for calculation based on the instruction type, and uses SIMD parallelism to improve the calculation speed; the L1 cache stores data into the corresponding bank according to the wavelength channel, and quickly reads and writes data according to the calculation needs, improving the efficiency of the computing unit; Step 6: The 805 multi-core processor reads data through the splitter and writes data through the MZI switch; Step 7: The 802 Central Dispatch Unit issues operational instructions to establish a global network connection; Step 8: 803 outputs the calculation result to the I / O interface layer via the global internet; Step 9: The result of the 807 operation is stored in the PCM holographic main memory; Step 10: The 800 optical wave digital conversion module converts the optical signal into a digital signal, which is then output through the inverse LUT.

[0043] Example 1 Real-time color grading for 8K video: Enables real-time color grading of 8K ultra-high-definition video streams.

[0044] System Configuration Input: RGB pixel matrix of the original video frame (4 bits encoded per pixel); Hardware: 16 sets of MZI interferometer optical wave processing units, including 1 adder core + 1 filter core + 1 modulus operation core; Task: Perform a global brightening operation (original color + bright white) mod 6 on each frame; Execution process The first step involves the 400 encoder / decoder monitoring and encoding the input color pixels using a discrete mapping method based on the light wave state of the spectral function. ; The second step is to query the LUT through the wavelength encoding converter, and the encoding 0001 corresponds to 630nm.

[0045] The third step is to drive the quantum dot laser with 402. Step 4: 403 outputs 630nm red light; The fifth step involves mixing 500 nm (red) and the full spectrum (bright white) using an MZI interferometer to achieve an enhanced full spectrum additive operation. Step 6: 502 performs modulus operation through the double-ring resonant cavity (FSR=55, 60nm): S mod M = resonant(S, FSRM); Step 7: 600 is analyzed using a grating spectrometer; Step 8: The 602 BBO crystal frequency doubling converts 3nm light into 6nm visible light; In the ninth step, 601 detects and captures light waves using a SPAD array, records the photon arrival time using TCSPC, and identifies the dominant wavelength as 630nm through Gaussian fitting. Step 10: Output optimization. By mapping 630nm to 0001 red code through LUT, the saturation is increased by 30%.

[0046] performance The single-frame processing latency is 3.5ms, power consumption is 60W, and color accuracy Δλ < 0.005nm. In comparison, the NVIDIA A100 GPU takes 35ms to process a similar task, consumes 300W, and has a color accuracy ΔRGB > 5%.

[0047] This embodiment uses optical computing to replace electronic computing, and achieves multi-core parallel processing through a global optical interconnect network. The spectral analysis reaches the femtosecond level, which has a revolutionary advantage in terms of processing speed, energy consumption and image quality improvement.

[0048] Example 2 like Figure 10 As shown, industrial sorting impurity detection: identification of metal impurities inside transparent packaging bags.

[0049] System Configuration Input: Reflectance spectrum code obtained by laser scanning Hardware: Filtering core + subtraction unit Task: Perform (scan spectrum - background color) to extract foreign object signals.

[0050] Execution process The first step involves 400 input acquisitions, which are performed by scanning the transparent packaging with a laser to monitor and encode the reflected light waves. The wavelength is 532nm, and the background reflectance spectrum is cyan. The second step is to query the LUT through the wavelength encoding converter. The encoding 0110 corresponds to cyan, and the wavelength is 532+470nm. The third step is to drive the quantum dot laser with 402. The fourth step involves the 403 quantum dot laser outputting a mixed wavelength of 532 + 470 nm. Step 5: Load the band-stop configuration of the 501 programmable filter to filter out background signals and remove 470nm (blue) + 532nm (green); Step 6: Input the calculation results into the grating light instrument; Step 7, 602: Detect the peak light wave and calculate the intensity using a spectral analysis algorithm; Step 8: 601 uses SPAD for feature recognition and detects residual spectra, detecting a double peak at 450nm (blue shift) + 630nm (red shift); Step 9, 603 mapping output 450+630nm → 0101 (magenta); In the tenth step, the logic gate determination circuit determines that when the peak intensity ratio is 1.2:1, it meets the characteristics of metal reflection and drives the robotic arm to perform the grasping action.

[0051] performance The processing speed is 2000 pieces / second, with a false negative rate of less than 0.01%, a false positive rate of less than 0.02%, and a single-piece power consumption of less than 0.1mJ. Traditional solutions are limited by processing efficiency, reaching only 200 pieces / second, with a false negative rate of more than 0.1%, a false positive rate of more than 0.5%, and a single-piece power consumption of more than 5mJ.

[0052] Glossary 1. FSR (Free Spectral Range): The wavelength spacing between adjacent resonant peaks in an optical resonant cavity, which serves as the physical basis for analog-to-digital operations.

[0053] 2. SPAD (Single Photon Avalanche Diode): A single-photon avalanche diode used for femtosecond-level spectral detection.

[0054] 3. LUT (Look-Up Table): A programmable lookup table that stores the mapping relationship between codes and wavelengths.

[0055] 4. BBO (β-BaB2O4): Low-temperature phase barium borate crystal, achieving wavelength shift.

[0056] 5. MZI (Mach-Zehnder Interferometer): A Mach-Zehnder interferometer that performs color mixing of light waves.

[0057] 6. Clos Network: A non-blocking, multi-level switching topology that enables high-bandwidth optical interconnection.

[0058] 7. WSS (Wavelength Selective Switch): Wavelength selection switch, supports multi-wavelength parallel routing.

Claims

1. A computer coding method for optical chromatography based on the principle of color matching, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Encode the color using binary numbers. The number of bits from low to high are bit 0, bit 1, bit 2, and bit 3. Bits 0-2 represent the presence of the three primary colors, red, green, and blue, respectively. 1 means present and 0 means not present. The third bit is the color intensity bit. Step 2: Based on the discrete mapping of light wave states using spectral functions, color encoding is mapped one-to-one with light wavelengths, converting the 4-bit binary code b into a specific physical spectrum S(b). The encoding is discretely mapped using the following spectral function: Where b∈{0,1} 4 Let b be a binary vector, and b be the color code obtained in step 1. i b3 is the i-th digit in the encoding, b3 is the intensity bit, representing color brightness; A0 = 1 mW / mm² reference intensity; rect is a rectangular window function, representing the spectral linewidth Δλ = 10nm, λ i The wavelengths of the three primary colors, red, green, and blue, are λ, respectively. R =630nm, λ G =532nm, λ B =470nm; Represents the fundamental spectrum; Step 3: Select appropriate hardware based on the peak wavelength of quantum dot laser to achieve wavelength output; Step 4: Propose a color mixing and overlay principle based on the optical computing paradigm, and define the basic operations of color addition and subtraction, where color addition is: spectral union + interference, and color subtraction is: spectral difference + filtering; Step 5: Utilize optical methods for color computation, namely, additive color mixing to perform addition and OR operations, subtractive color filtering to perform subtraction and AND operations, complementary color generation to perform logical NOT operations, color space transformation to perform shift operations, and color cycling to perform modulo operations.

2. The optical chromatography computer coding method based on the color-tuning principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the light wave signal carrying color information is directly processed using optical physical devices. The processing methods are as follows: (1) The addition operation is achieved through spectral union and interference, using a silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer array, following the... Optical computing principles; (2) Subtraction is achieved through spectral difference and filtering, using a Si3N4 microring resonator array device, following the... Optical computing principles; (3) The logical NOT operation is achieved by subtracting the target spectrum from the full spectrum, following the rule that ~S=full spectrum–S, with equivalent bit inversion and intensity bit b3 encoding unchanged; (4) The cyclic shift operation uses a BBO nonlinear crystal to achieve frequency multiplication / division, and uses a broadband filter combined with anti-phase interference to achieve the operation. The cyclic shift operation is performed on the coding bits 0-2, i.e., red, green, blue, red, while the intensity bit b3 remains unchanged. (5) Modular operation is achieved through the free spectrum range of the dual-ring cavity, following S mod M = resonant(S, FSRM), where M = 2 to 16.

3. A computer coding system for optical chromatography based on the principle of color matching, characterized in that: The method described in claims 1-2 includes: a digital input interface for receiving external digital color encoding signals; a wavelength encoding converter connected to the digital input interface for converting the digital color encoding signals into corresponding light wave signals; a light wave processing core connected to the wavelength encoding converter for performing color addition, color subtraction, and modulo operations on the light wave signals; a wavelength analysis unit connected to the light wave processing core for analyzing and restoring the processed light wave signals back to digital color encoding signals; and a digital output interface connected to the wavelength analysis unit for outputting the final digital processing results.

4. The optical chromatography computer coding system based on the color-tuning principle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion module includes a codec, a wavelength mapping LUT, a laser drive array, and a quantum dot laser. The codec includes a 4-bit input register, an address decoding circuit, and a control logic unit. The 4-bit input register latches the input 4-bit binary color code, parses the code into the index address of the LUT, and triggers the wavelength mapping LUT to read the target wavelength parameters. The wavelength mapping LUT, with its functional unit being an SRAM, stores the mapping relationship between 4-bit codes and wavelength / intensity through 16 entries of SRAM. It outputs the target wavelength value and intensity parameter according to the input code index. The laser drive array adopts an event-driven laser array, which activates the corresponding wavelength only during operation. Its functional unit includes an 8-channel current driver, a DAC precision control module, and an overload protection circuit. It receives the wavelength / intensity parameters output by the LUT and generates the corresponding drive signal. The quantum dot laser includes a tunable quantum dot laser tube, a thermoelectric cooler, and beam combining optics. It outputs monochromatic laser or dual-wavelength hybrid laser according to the code.

5. The optical chromatography computer coding system based on the color-tuning principle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The optical wave computing core includes a color mixing unit, a tunable filter bank, and a resonant cavity mode operator. Addition is performed through the color mixing unit, which employs a Mach-Zehnder interferometer consisting of two 50:50 beamsplitters, two phase modulation arms, and a beam combiner. The unit also includes a phase modulator and a multi-wavelength input coupler. The phase modulator is a lithium niobate electro-optic modulator, with refractive index changes controlled by a response voltage. The multi-wavelength input coupler is cascaded with a Y-branch waveguide, generating new colors through interferometric construction to achieve the color mixing operation. Wavelength beam combining enables OR operations (combining components). Subtraction, AND, and NOT operations are performed through the tunable filter bank, which consists of 128 silica micro-rings forming a tunable micro-ring filter. The array of optical components is driven by a digital control interface based on the filtering parameters stored in the wavelength programming unit, which controls the optical bandwidth. It selects between band-stop and band-pass modes via a mode switching switch. Subtraction is performed through band-stop filtering, AND operations through dual-wavelength band-pass filtering, and NOT operations through full-spectrum band-stop filtering. Displacement and modulus operations are performed through a resonant cavity mode selector, which consists of a dual-ring resonant cavity, a BBO frequency doubling crystal, and a mode selector. The dual-ring resonant cavity uses a lithium niobate-silicon nitride hybrid ring cavity, with the resonant peak spacing controlled by a thermal tuner. The BBO frequency doubling crystal uses a barium β-borate nonlinear crystal to achieve wavelength shifting. The mode selector adjusts the transmission mode via an adjustable laser source and a wavelength detection spectrometer.

6. The optical chromatography computer coding system based on the color-tuning principle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wavelength analysis unit includes a grating spectrometer, a SPAD detector array, a peak detection module, and a coding mapping LUT. The grating spectrometer employs a 1200-line / mm diffraction grating, an entrance slit and collimating mirror assembly, and a curved reflector to disperse the input mixed light signal into a continuous spectrum according to wavelength, separating different wavelength components. The SPAD detector array uses a 1024-pixel SPAD array composed of single-photon avalanche diodes, a time-correlated single-photon counting circuit, and a quenching circuit to quantitatively detect the light intensity at each wavelength position, generating a wavelength-intensity distribution histogram. The spectral analysis algorithm uses a Gaussian fitting algorithm to detect the main peak value. The unit consists of an intensity calculation unit that integrates and normalizes the peak area, and a multi-peak decoupler that separates overlapping peaks, identifying wavelength components and their proportions, and filtering noise. The coding mapping LUT, with each unit being a 16-entry SRAM, stores the mapping rules between wavelength combinations and 4-bit codes, mapping the spectral analysis results into 4-bit binary codes through intensity judgment logic.

7. An extended von Neumann architecture based on optical wave technology, used to implement the system according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, include: The system comprises: an external system for receiving digital input signals and outputting digital processing results; an I / O interface layer for converting digital signals to optical signals and vice versa; a central scheduling unit for decoding instructions, detecting conflicts, and optimizing routing; a three-level Clos-WSS interconnection network for efficient routing of optical signals; a computing unit containing a photonic ALU and an optimized kernel to support SIMD parallel computing; an L2 cache for providing multi-core access and ensuring data consistency; a global management system for managing system temperature and phase, and providing security mechanisms; and a PCM holographic main memory for providing large-capacity, low-latency storage.

8. The extended von Neumann architecture based on optical wave technology according to claim 7, characterized in that, The external system includes a digital input module and a digital output module; the I / O interface layer includes a quantum dot laser array and a single-photon avalanche diode array; the central scheduling unit includes an instruction decoder, a collision detector, and an AI routing agent, wherein the instruction decoder consists of a broadband filter, a SPAD array, and a LUT, the collision detector includes a spectral scanner device, and the AI ​​routing agent adopts a Q-learning algorithm; the three-level Clos-WSS interconnection network input stage is designed to be 8×16 The Mach-Zehnder interferometer switch features a 16×16 micro-ring router in the intermediate stage and a 16×8 micro-ring router in the output stage. Each core photonic ALU in the computing unit includes a Mach-Zehnder array, a micro-ring filter, and a dual-ring cavity, with the option to add optimized cores as needed. Each core is paired with an L1 cache, which consists of a micro-ring array comprising 16 independent storage banks, each bound to an independent wavelength channel. The L2 cache is implemented using LiNbO3 serpentine delay lines, with a capacity of 100-500GB. It uses a splitter for reading and a Mach-Zehnder switch for writing, ensuring consistency control through wavelength mutexes. Global management uses thermoelectric cooler sensors to collect information from all on-chip integrated devices. AI phase compensation is used to achieve a drift of less than 0.5 picometers / degrees Celsius, constructing a thermal feedback loop. A security module is also designed to encrypt wavelength watermarks for tamper resistance. The PCM holographic main memory uses phase change material crystals for optical storage.

9. The extended von Neumann architecture based on optical wave technology according to claim 8, characterized in that, The architecture operation process includes: The first step is to receive digital signals from the external system through the digital input module; The second step is for the digital-to-optical-wave conversion module to convert the digital input signal into an optical signal. The third step is that the instruction decoder receives the 32-bit RGB-ISA instruction, performs preliminary processing through a wideband filter and SPAD array, uses LUT mapping to decompose the instruction into OP code, operands, priority and address, and issues routing instructions. The fourth step involves the input stage receiving optical signals from the I / O interface layer, performing initial routing via a Mach-Zehnder switch, further routing via a micro-ring router in the intermediate stage, detecting wavelength information via an AWG, and distributing the signal to the corresponding output terminals via an MMI splitter in the output stage. The SPAD is used to verify the integrity of the signal, ensuring non-blocking communication with a latency of less than 10 picoseconds. Fifth, the photonic ALU performs parallel interferometric calculations using a Mach-Zehnder array; a micro-ring filter performs wavelength selection and filtering operations; dual-ring cavities dynamically store data; the further optimized kernel selects the corresponding dedicated acceleration unit for calculation based on the instruction type, and uses SIMD parallelism to improve the calculation speed; the L1 cache stores data into the corresponding bank according to the wavelength channel, and quickly reads and writes data according to the calculation needs, improving the efficiency of the computing unit; The sixth step involves the multi-core processor reading data through a splitter and writing data through a Mach-Zehnder switch. The seventh step involves the central dispatch unit issuing operational instructions to establish a global network connection. The eighth step is to output the calculation results to the I / O interface layer via the global internet; The ninth step is to store the calculation results in the PCM holographic main memory; Step 10: The optical wave digital conversion module converts the optical signal into a digital signal, which is then output through the inverse LUT.

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