Method and device for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profile based on sedimentary forward modeling

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for establishing a sequence stratum time profile based on sedimentary forward modeling. The method comprises the steps that three-dimensional sedimentary forward modeling numerical simulation is conducted on a stratum in a research area based on a diffusion coefficient equation to obtain a sedimentary simulation result; establishing a deposition forward modeling model according to the deposition simulation result; determining grid points according to the two-dimensional profile position of the research area; according to the deposition simulation result and the deposition forward modeling model, outputting deposition states of the grid points at different times, and obtaining depth domain stratigraphic sections of the grid points at different times; establishing a two-dimensional time domain stratigraphic profile; and comparing the two-dimensional time domain stratigraphic section with the depth domain stratigraphic section at the corresponding position of the grid point to obtain sequence stratigraphic time section features. The method is simple and easy to implement, the sedimentation forward modeling model can be established by considering water flow driving, slope terrain driving and the combined effect of the three influence factors, the accuracy of the sedimentation forward modeling model is improved, and finally the accuracy of obtaining the sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics of the research area is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments in this specification relate to the field of stratigraphic information acquisition technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, sedimentary sequence forward modeling is based on the assumption of an interdependence between process parameters and formation responses. By setting a series of geological parameters for different processes, it obtains the formation responses resulting from the interactions between these parameters, thereby simulating and predicting strata, lithology, and reservoirs. Existing sedimentary sequence forward modeling typically relies on GPM (Geological Process Modeler) software, a simulator used on the Petrel exploration and development platform for forward modeling of stratigraphy and sedimentary processes. Based on the principles of conservation of matter and energy, GPM software provides a method for simulating clastic and carbonate reservoirs. GPM software allows users to create stratigraphic models, display sedimentary geometry, predict lithological distribution, and sedimentary sequence composition. GPM software can simulate the erosion, transportation, and deposition of clastic and carbonate rocks under different sedimentary environments (channels, rivers, debris flows, shoreline systems), as well as related geological processes such as carbonate formation, sedimentary compaction, and fluid displacement. However, GPM software has a limitation: it cannot obtain time-domain sequence stratigraphic profiles, thus failing to meet the needs for stratigraphic information acquisition.

[0003] In view of this, the embodiments in this specification aim to provide a method and apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of this specification is to provide a method and apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in obtaining time-domain stratigraphic profiles in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this specification provide a method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, including:

[0007] Based on the diffusion coefficient equation reflecting both water flow-driven and slope topographic-driven diffusion, a three-dimensional forward numerical simulation of sedimentary deposition was performed on the strata of the study area to obtain the sedimentary simulation results. The diffusion coefficient equation is as follows:

[0008]

[0009] μ1+μ2+μ3=1;

[0010] Among them, Q cap Let K be the diffusion coefficient of the sediment, i be the type of sediment, I be the number of sediment types, and K be the number of sediment types. i Let φ be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment, φ be the water flow rate, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment. i γ represents the proportion of the i-th type of solid sediment in the water flow. i λ represents the proportion of the i-th type of soluble sediment in the water flow, S is the slope of the terrain, and λ is the slope of the terrain. i denoted as the deposition coefficient of the i-th type of sediment under slope conditions, μ1 is the influence weight of the total amount of sediment on the diffusion coefficient, P1 and P2 are the hydraulic pressure and rock pressure for sediment diffusion, respectively, μ2 is the influence weight of pressure on the diffusion coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth, and μ3 is the influence weight of gravity on the diffusion coefficient.

[0011] Based on the sedimentation simulation results, a sedimentation forward model was established;

[0012] Grid points are determined based on the two-dimensional profile location of the study area;

[0013] Based on the sedimentation simulation results and the sedimentation forward model, the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times is output, and the depth domain stratigraphic profiles of the grid points at different times are obtained.

[0014] A two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile was established based on high-precision data of the study area.

[0015] By comparing the two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile with the depth-domain stratigraphic profile at the corresponding grid point, sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics are obtained.

[0016] Furthermore, the diffusion coefficient equation takes into account three influencing factors: available space, material supply, and transport mechanism.

[0017] The accommodable space is defined by sediment volume and sea level changes;

[0018] The material supply is determined based on the proportion of different material source directions and different lithologies;

[0019] The transport mechanism is determined based on sediment particle size and composition, as well as water flow parameters; wherein,

[0020] The amount of sediment is:

[0021]

[0022] Where D(t) is the sedimentary amount at time t, d(t) is the stratigraphic thickness at time t, t is the time period, and ρ m ρ is the density of the mantle. a ρ is the density of the rock strata framework. wΦ is the density of water, Φ0 is the porosity of the rock layer, c is a dynamic parameter, h is the depth, and H is the depth. w The paleowater depth is represented by ΔH, and the change in sea level is represented by ΔH.

[0023] The proportions of different source directions and different lithologies are as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where, α u The u-th source direction, where u is the source direction number and U is the total amount of source directions. The j-th lithology in the u-th source direction, where j is the lithology number in the u-th source direction, J is the total lithology in the u-th source direction, k1 is the weight of the source direction, and k2 is the weight of the lithology.

[0026] Furthermore, based on the sedimentation simulation results, a sedimentation forward model is established, including:

[0027] Obtain sedimentary data of the strata in the study area;

[0028] Based on the sedimentary simulation results and the sedimentary data, the lithological characteristics and geomorphic sedimentary characteristics of the strata in the study area are obtained;

[0029] Based on the lithological and geomorphological sedimentary characteristics of the strata in the study area, the thickness of each stratum and its distribution on the plane are quantified.

[0030] Based on the quantification results, the sedimentation forward model was established.

[0031] Furthermore, based on the quantification results, the sedimentation forward model is established, including:

[0032] Based on the quantitative results, the sedimentary simulation results, and the geological conditions of the study area, several different provenance systems and initial sedimentary forward modeling models corresponding to each provenance system are set.

[0033] The initial sedimentation forward model is simulated, and the error rate of each initial sedimentation forward model is obtained based on the simulation results;

[0034] Based on the error rate, determine whether each of the initial deposition forward models meets the preset conditions;

[0035] If so, then select the one with the smallest error rate among the initial deposition forward modeling modules that meet the preset conditions as the output of the deposition forward modeling model;

[0036] If not, then based on the geological conditions of the study area, the coefficients of each of the initial sedimentary forward models are corrected until the simulation results of each of the initial sedimentary forward models meet the preset error rate discrimination conditions.

[0037] Specifically, determining whether each of the initial deposition forward models meets the preset conditions based on the error rate further includes:

[0038] Determine whether there exists an initial deposition forward model with an error rate less than or equal to a preset error rate threshold;

[0039] The error rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Where δ is the error rate; D represents the sedimentary amount, and D represents the simulation results of each initial sedimentary forward model. 阈值 This is the preset simulation error threshold.

[0042] Specifically, the geological conditions of the study area were determined through the following steps:

[0043] The paleogeography of each stratum before deposition was obtained using the residual stratum thickness method;

[0044] Based on the paleogeography and single-well sedimentary facies characteristics, the initial paleowater depth was estimated.

[0045] The lake level rise / fall curve is determined based on the thickness of each stratum, the initial paleowater depth, drilling lithology, and well logging curves.

[0046] The sedimentation amount is constructed based on the lake level rise and fall curve and the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times;

[0047] Based on the thickness of each stratum, the sediment supply in the study area is determined according to the total deposition time and the subsidence.

[0048] The source direction of the study area is determined based on the source supply, and the geological conditions of the study area are obtained.

[0049] Furthermore, based on the lake level rise / fall curve and the depositional state of the grid points at different times, the sedimentation amount is constructed, including:

[0050] Determine whether any of the grid points lack deposition information at a certain time in the deposition state of each grid point at different times;

[0051] If so, then based on the lake level rise and fall curve, the back-stripping method is used to sequentially retrieve the deposition information of the grid point at each time other than the specified time, starting from the initial deposition stage, to obtain the deposition information of the grid point at the specified time.

[0052] Based on the deposition information of the grid point at all other times except for that specific time, as well as the deposition information at that specific time, create the deposition information of the grid point at different times;

[0053] The sedimentation amount is constructed based on the sedimentation information of each grid point.

[0054] Furthermore, based on the two-dimensional profile location of the study area, grid points are determined, including:

[0055] The grid point adjacency relationship is constructed based on the position of the two-dimensional profile;

[0056] Grid points are determined based on the adjacency relationships of the grid points.

[0057] Secondly, embodiments of this specification provide an apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, comprising:

[0058] The sedimentary simulation result acquisition module is used to perform three-dimensional forward numerical simulation of the strata in the study area based on the diffusion coefficient equation, which reflects the driving forces of water flow and slope topography, and obtain the sedimentary simulation results. The diffusion coefficient equation is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] μ1+μ2+μ3=1;

[0061] Among them, Q cap Let K be the diffusion coefficient of the sediment, i be the type of sediment, I be the number of sediment types, and K be the number of sediment types. i Let φ be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment, φ be the water flow rate, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment. i γ represents the proportion of the i-th type of solid sediment in the water flow. i λ represents the proportion of the i-th type of soluble sediment in the water flow, S is the slope of the terrain, and λ is the slope of the terrain. i denoted as the deposition coefficient of the i-th type of sediment under slope conditions, μ1 is the influence weight of the total amount of sediment on the diffusion coefficient, P1 and P2 are the hydraulic pressure and rock pressure for sediment diffusion, respectively, μ2 is the influence weight of pressure on the diffusion coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth, and μ3 is the influence weight of gravity on the diffusion coefficient.

[0062] The sedimentation forward model building module is used to build a sedimentation forward model based on the sedimentation simulation results.

[0063] The grid point determination module is used to determine grid points based on the two-dimensional profile positions of the study area;

[0064] The depth domain stratigraphic profile acquisition module is used to output the depositional state of the grid points at different times based on the depositional simulation results and the depositional forward model, and to obtain the depth domain stratigraphic profile of the grid points at different times.

[0065] The time-domain stratigraphic profile establishment module is used to establish a two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile based on high-precision data of the study area.

[0066] The sequence stratigraphic time profile acquisition module is used to compare the two-dimensional time domain stratigraphic profile with the depth domain stratigraphic profile at the corresponding position of the grid point to obtain the sequence stratigraphic time profile features.

[0067] Thirdly, embodiments of this specification provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method provided by the above-described technical solution.

[0068] Fourthly, embodiments of this specification provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method provided by the above-described technical solution.

[0069] Fifthly, embodiments of this specification provide a computer program product, including at least one instruction or at least one program segment, wherein the at least one instruction or the at least one program segment is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method provided by the above-described technical solution.

[0070] Using the above technical solution, the method and apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling provided in this specification are simple and easy to implement. They can take into account the combined effects of three influencing factors—water flow driving, slope topography driving, and accommodation space, sediment supply and transportation mechanisms—in the sedimentary evolution process to perform three-dimensional sedimentary forward modeling data simulation and establish a sedimentary forward model based on the simulation results. This greatly improves the accuracy of the established sedimentary forward model, which in turn helps to improve the accuracy of the obtained depth-domain stratigraphic profile, and ultimately improves the accuracy of obtaining the sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics of the study area.

[0071] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of this specification more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0072] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art of this specification, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0073] Figure 1 This document illustrates a step-by-step diagram of a method for establishing a sequence stratigraphic time profile based on sedimentary forward modeling, as provided in an embodiment of this specification.

[0074] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the steps involved in establishing a sedimentary forward model based on sedimentary simulation results.

[0075] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the steps involved in establishing a sedimentation forward model based on the quantification results.

[0076] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the steps involved in determining the geological conditions of the study area is shown.

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the steps for constructing subsidence based on lake level rise and fall curves and the depositional state of grid points at different times is shown.

[0078] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a device for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, as provided in an embodiment of this specification, is shown.

[0079] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this specification is shown.

[0080] Explanation of symbols in the attached drawings:

[0081] 61. Sedimentation simulation result acquisition module;

[0082] 62. Sedimentary forward model establishment module;

[0083] 63. Grid point determination module;

[0084] 64. Module for obtaining depth domain stratigraphic profiles;

[0085] 65. Time-domain stratigraphic profile creation module;

[0086] 66. Sequence stratigraphy time profile acquisition module;

[0087] 702. Computer equipment;

[0088] 704, Processor;

[0089] 706. Memory;

[0090] 708. Drive mechanism;

[0091] 710. Input / Output Module;

[0092] 712. Input devices;

[0093] 714. Output devices;

[0094] 716. Presentation equipment;

[0095] 718. Graphical User Interface;

[0096] 720. Network interface;

[0097] 722. Communication link;

[0098] 724. Communication bus. Detailed Implementation

[0099] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0100] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this specification, claims, and the foregoing drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0101] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this specification provide a method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, thereby resolving the problem of difficulty in obtaining time-domain stratigraphic profiles in the prior art. Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for establishing a sequence stratigraphic time profile based on sedimentary forward modeling, as provided in the embodiments of this specification. This specification provides the operational steps of the method described in the embodiments or flowcharts, but based on conventional or non-inventive labor, more or fewer operational steps may be included. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only possible execution order. In actual system or device products, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings can be executed sequentially or in parallel. Specifically, as shown in the figures... Figure 1 As shown, the method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling may include the following steps:

[0102] S110: Based on the diffusion coefficient equation reflecting the driving forces of water flow and slope topography, a three-dimensional forward numerical simulation of sedimentary strata in the study area was conducted to obtain the sedimentary simulation results.

[0103] Specifically, three-dimensional sedimentary forward modeling of the strata in the study area can be achieved using the sedimentary forward modeling analysis software DionisosFlow.

[0104] The diffusion coefficient equation is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Where μ1 + μ2 + μ3 = 1;

[0107] Q cap Let K be the diffusion coefficient of the sediment, i be the type of sediment, I be the number of sediment types, and K be the number of sediment types. i Let φ be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment, φ be the water flow rate, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment. i γ represents the proportion of the i-th type of solid sediment in the water flow. i λ represents the proportion of the i-th type of soluble sediment in the water flow, S is the slope of the terrain, and λ is the slope of the terrain. i denoted as the deposition coefficient of the i-th type of sediment under slope conditions, μ1 is the weight of the total amount of sediment on the diffusion coefficient, P1 and P2 are the hydraulic pressure and rock pressure for sediment diffusion, respectively, μ2 is the weight of the pressure on the diffusion coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth, and μ3 is the weight of the gravity on the diffusion coefficient.

[0108] In the diffusion coefficient equation provided in the embodiments of this specification, the diffusion coefficient Q of the sediment is... cap The diffusion coefficient Q can be used to characterize the ease of sediment input. capThe larger the diffusion coefficient, the greater the sediment input; conversely, the smaller the diffusion coefficient, the smaller the sediment input. The diffusion coefficient is positively correlated with the sediment input. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficient equation in the embodiments of this specification considers the relationship between the diffusion coefficient and different contents of solids and soluble substances in the water, the relationship between the diffusion coefficient and hydraulic pressure and rock pressure, and the relationship between the diffusion coefficient and the weight of the water body. By introducing the natural logarithm function, the influence process and trend of each factor on the diffusion coefficient are simplified, greatly reducing the complexity of the calculation. Characterizing the sediment input trend through the sediment diffusion coefficient, and considering multiple parameters and influencing factors, makes the sedimentary evolution process more accurate and reasonable.

[0109] S120: Based on the sedimentation simulation results, establish a sedimentation forward model.

[0110] S130: Determine the grid points based on the two-dimensional profile position of the study area.

[0111] S140: Based on the sedimentation simulation results and the sedimentation forward model, output the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times to obtain the depth domain stratigraphic profile of the grid points at different times.

[0112] S150: Based on the high-precision data of the study area, establish a two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile.

[0113] S160: Compare the two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile with the depth-domain stratigraphic profile at the corresponding position of the grid point to obtain the sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics.

[0114] This specification provides a method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling. It utilizes diffusion coefficient equations reflecting water flow and slope topography to perform three-dimensional sedimentary forward modeling data simulation, improving the accuracy of sedimentary simulation results. Based on this, a sedimentary forward model is established, and then a depth-domain stratigraphic profile of the grid points is obtained according to the sedimentary simulation results and the sedimentary forward model. This depth-domain stratigraphic profile is compared with a time-domain stratigraphic slope profile established using high-precision data, thereby improving the accuracy of the obtained sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics of the study area. Furthermore, the method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling provided in this specification is simple and easy to implement. By leveraging existing software, it reduces costs and improves operability, providing a new technical means for extracting temporal information from strata and determining the geological age of sequence boundaries and internal strata.

[0115] In the embodiments described in this specification, the diffusion coefficient equation considers three influencing factors: accommodation space, sediment supply, and transport mechanism. That is, when using sedimentary forward modeling software to perform three-dimensional sedimentary forward modeling data simulation of the strata in the study area, accommodation space, sediment supply, and transport mechanism are set as influencing factors in the sedimentary evolution process, serving as the initial conditions for the sedimentary forward modeling simulation software. This ensures that the entire sedimentary forward modeling numerical simulation process is conducted under these three influencing factors. The magnitude of the diffusion coefficient represents the degree of sediment spread, and the diffusion coefficient equation comprehensively considers the combined effects of accommodation space, sediment supply, and transport mechanism in the sedimentary evolution process.

[0116] The accommodable space is defined by sediment volume and sea level changes;

[0117] The material supply is determined based on the proportion of different material source directions and different lithologies;

[0118] The transport mechanism is determined based on the size and composition of sediment particles and water flow parameters.

[0119] The amount of sediment is:

[0120]

[0121] Where D(t) is the sedimentary amount at time t, d(t) is the stratigraphic thickness at time t, t is the time period, and ρ m ρ is the density of the mantle. a ρ is the density of the rock strata framework. w Φ is the density of water, Φ0 is the porosity of the rock layer, c is a dynamic parameter, h is the depth, and H is the depth. w The paleowater depth is represented by ΔH, and the change in sea level is represented by ΔH.

[0122] The proportions of different source directions and different lithologies are as follows:

[0123]

[0124] Where, α u The u-th source direction, where u is the source direction number and U is the total amount of source directions. The j-th lithology in the u-th source direction, where j is the lithology number in the u-th source direction, J is the total lithology in the u-th source direction, k1 is the weight of the source direction, and k2 is the weight of the lithology.

[0125] By comprehensively considering the combined effects of three influencing factors—accommodation space, material supply, and transport mechanism—in the process of three-dimensional sedimentary forward numerical simulation, it is beneficial to improve the accuracy and reliability of sedimentary simulation results, which in turn is beneficial to improve the accuracy and reliability of subsequent sedimentary forward models established based on this sedimentary simulation structure.

[0126] like Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, step S120: establishing a sedimentary forward model based on the sedimentation simulation results may further include:

[0127] S210: Obtain sedimentary data of the strata in the study area.

[0128] S220: Based on the sedimentary simulation results and the sedimentary data, the lithological characteristics and geomorphic sedimentary characteristics of the strata in the study area are obtained.

[0129] S230: Based on the lithological and geomorphological sedimentary characteristics of the strata in the study area, the thickness of each stratum and its distribution on the plane are quantified.

[0130] S240: Based on the quantification results, establish the sedimentation forward model.

[0131] By utilizing lithological and geomorphological sedimentary characteristics, the thickness of each stratigraphic segment and the distribution of each stratigraphic segment on the plane are quantified, and based on this, the convenience of establishing a sedimentary forward model is improved.

[0132] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, step S240: establishing the deposition forward model based on the quantization results may include:

[0133] S310: Based on the quantification results, the sedimentation simulation results, and the geological conditions of the study area, several different source systems and initial sedimentary forward models corresponding to each source system are set.

[0134] S320: Simulate each of the initial sedimentation forward models and obtain the error rate of each initial sedimentation forward model based on the simulation results.

[0135] S330: Determine whether each of the initial deposition forward models meets the preset conditions based on the error rate.

[0136] Specifically, it involves determining whether there exists an initial deposition forward model with an error rate less than or equal to a preset error rate threshold.

[0137] The error rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] Where δ is the error rate; D represents the sedimentary amount, and D represents the simulation results of each initial sedimentary forward model. 阈值 This is the preset simulation error threshold.

[0140] For example, N different source systems are set up, thus N initial sedimentary forward models are established. Through simulation, N simulation results are obtained respectively; then, based on the above error rate calculation formula, the error rates of these N sedimentary forward models are calculated, denoted as δ1, δ2, ..., δ N ; Determine whether each of these N error rates is less than a preset error rate threshold (the error rate threshold can be set to 10%).

[0141] S340: If so, then select the one with the smallest error rate among the initial deposition forward modeling modules that meet the preset conditions as the output of the deposition forward modeling model.

[0142] S350: If not, then based on the geological conditions of the study area, the coefficients of each of the initial sedimentary forward models are corrected until the simulation results of each of the initial sedimentary forward models meet the preset error rate discrimination conditions.

[0143] The obtained sequence stratigraphic boundaries are used to divide the strata and determine the thickness of each segment. Since the depositional thickness of the same stratum varies in different regions, when the error rate of each initial sedimentary forward model is greater than the error rate threshold, it is necessary to make corrections based on the geological conditions of the study area.

[0144] In other feasible embodiments, the minimum error rate among the initial sedimentation forward models can be directly obtained, denoted as δ. min The minimum value of the error rate is compared with the error rate threshold to determine δ. min ≤10%. If so, the initial sedimentary forward model corresponding to the minimum error rate is output as the sedimentary forward model; otherwise, the coefficients of each initial sedimentary forward model are corrected according to the geological conditions of the study area.

[0145] like Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the steps involved in determining the geological conditions of the study area. Figure 4 As shown, it may include the following steps:

[0146] S410: The paleogeography of each stratum before deposition was obtained using the residual stratum thickness method.

[0147] S420: Based on the paleogeography and single-well sedimentary facies characteristics, the initial paleowater depth is estimated.

[0148] S430: Determine the lake level rise / fall curve based on the thickness of each stratum, the initial paleowater depth, drilling lithology, and logging curves.

[0149] S440: Construct the sedimentation amount based on the lake level rise and fall curve and the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times.

[0150] S450: Based on the thickness of each stratum, determine the source supply of the study area according to the total deposition time and the subsidence.

[0151] S460: Determine the source direction of the study area based on the source supply quantity, and obtain the geological conditions of the study area.

[0152] Through such Figure 4 The method shown enables a convenient and accurate determination of the geological conditions of the study area.

[0153] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, step S440: constructing the sedimentation amount based on the lake level rise and fall curve and the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times may include the following steps:

[0154] S510: Determine whether any of the grid points have missing deposition information at a certain time in the deposition state at different times.

[0155] S520: If so, then according to the lake level rise and fall curve, the back-stripping method is used to sequentially retrieve the deposition information of the grid point at each time other than the specified time, starting from the initial stage of deposition, to obtain the deposition information of the grid point at the specified time.

[0156] If there is deposition information at all other times except for that specific time, then the deposition information for that specific time is added based on the deposition information at other times; if there is no deposition information at any other time except for that specific time, then the deposition information for that specific time is assigned a value of 0. In the embodiments of this specification, the deposition information can be the deposition thickness.

[0157] The backstripping method utilizes the current sediment thickness to reconstruct the surface layer by layer, correcting for compaction, paleowater depth, and sea-level changes to obtain the original thickness of each layer and the possible original shape of the basin. The subsidence inversion assumes that during sediment compaction, the stratigraphic framework volume remains constant, and the decrease in stratigraphic thickness is solely due to a reduction in pore volume, meaning the decrease in stratigraphic thickness is depth-determined. Furthermore, it considers the stratigraphic compaction process to be irreversible; that is, even after subsequent uplift and shallowing, the porosity will remain at its maximum burial depth value.

[0158] S530: Based on the deposition information of the grid point at all other times except for the specified time, and the deposition information at the specified time, create the deposition information of the grid point at different times.

[0159] S540: The sedimentation amount is constructed based on the sedimentation information of each grid point.

[0160] If there are no grid points that lack sedimentation information at a certain time, the sedimentation amount is constructed directly based on the sedimentation information of each grid point at different times.

[0161] Specifically, if the deposition thickness of a grid point at a certain time is greater than 0m, it is marked as 1; if the deposition thickness at a certain time is 0m, it is marked as 0. This is used to obtain the sediment thickness data file of each grid point at different times. Finally, the sediment thickness data file of each grid point at different times is used as the sedimentation data.

[0162] In this embodiment of the specification, step S130: determining grid points based on the two-dimensional profile position of the study area, further includes:

[0163] The grid point adjacency relationship is constructed based on the position of the two-dimensional profile;

[0164] Grid points are determined based on the adjacency relationships of the grid points.

[0165] Therefore, the method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling provided in the embodiments of this specification is simple and easy to implement, and can improve the accuracy of the obtained sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics of the study area.

[0166] Based on the method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling provided in the above embodiments, this specification also provides an apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling. The apparatus may include a system (including a distributed system), software (application), module, component, server, client, etc., using the method described in the embodiments of this specification, combined with necessary implementation hardware. Based on the same innovative concept, the apparatuses in one or more embodiments provided in this specification are as described in the following embodiments. Since the implementation schemes and methods for solving the problem by the apparatus are similar, the implementation of the specific apparatus in the embodiments of this specification can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned method, and repeated details will not be repeated. As used below, the terms "unit" or "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0167] like Figure 6As shown in the embodiments of this specification, the apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling may include:

[0168] The sedimentary simulation result acquisition module 61 is used to perform three-dimensional forward numerical simulation of the strata in the study area based on the diffusion coefficient equation reflecting water flow-driven and slope topography-driven diffusion, and to obtain the sedimentary simulation results. The diffusion coefficient equation is as follows:

[0169]

[0170] μ1+μ2+μ3=1;

[0171] Among them, Q cap Let K be the diffusion coefficient of the sediment, i be the type of sediment, I be the number of sediment types, and K be the number of sediment types. i Let φ be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment, φ be the water flow rate, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment. i γ represents the proportion of the i-th type of solid sediment in the water flow. i λ represents the proportion of the i-th type of soluble sediment in the water flow, S is the slope of the terrain, and λ is the slope of the terrain. i denoted as the deposition coefficient of the i-th type of sediment under slope conditions, μ1 is the influence weight of the total amount of sediment on the diffusion coefficient, P1 and P2 are the hydraulic pressure and rock pressure for sediment diffusion, respectively, μ2 is the influence weight of pressure on the diffusion coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth, and μ3 is the influence weight of gravity on the diffusion coefficient.

[0172] The sedimentation forward model establishment module 62 is used to establish a sedimentation forward model based on the sedimentation simulation results;

[0173] The grid point determination module 63 is used to determine grid points based on the two-dimensional profile position of the study area;

[0174] The depth domain stratigraphic profile acquisition module 64 is used to output the depositional state of the grid points at different times based on the depositional simulation results and the depositional forward model, and to obtain the depth domain stratigraphic profile of the grid points at different times.

[0175] The time-domain stratigraphic profile establishment module 65 is used to establish a two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile based on the high-precision data of the study area.

[0176] The sequence stratigraphic time profile acquisition module 66 is used to compare the two-dimensional time domain stratigraphic profile with the depth domain stratigraphic profile at the corresponding position of the grid point to obtain the sequence stratigraphic time profile features.

[0177] The beneficial effects obtained by the apparatus provided in the embodiments of this specification are consistent with the beneficial effects obtained by the methods described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0178] like Figure 7 The illustration shows a computer device provided in an embodiment of this specification. The apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling in this specification can be the computer device in this embodiment, executing the methods described above. The computer device 702 may include one or more processors 704, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), each of which can implement one or more hardware threads. The computer device 702 may also include any memory 706 for storing information of any kind, such as code, settings, data, etc. Non-limitingly, for example, the memory 706 may include any type of RAM, any type of ROM, flash memory, hard disk, optical disk, etc. More generally, any memory can use any technology to store information. Further, any memory can provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Further, any memory can represent a fixed or removable component of the computer device 702. In one case, when the processor 704 executes associated instructions stored in any memory or combination of memories, the computer device 702 can perform any operation of the associated instructions. The computer device 702 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 708 for interacting with any memory, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, an optical disk drive mechanism, etc.

[0179] Computer device 702 may also include an input / output module 710 (I / O) for receiving various inputs (via input device 712) and providing various outputs (via output device 714). A specific output mechanism may include a presentation device 716 and an associated graphical user interface (GUI) 718. In other embodiments, the input / output module 710 (I / O), input device 712, and output device 714 may be omitted, and the device may function solely as a computer device within a network. Computer device 702 may also include one or more network interfaces 720 for exchanging data with other devices via one or more communication links 722. One or more communication buses 724 couple the components described above together.

[0180] Communication link 722 can be implemented in any way, such as via a local area network, a wide area network (e.g., the Internet), a point-to-point connection, or any combination thereof. Communication link 722 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc., governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.

[0181] Corresponding to, for example Figures 1 to 5 In addition to the method shown, embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the above-described method.

[0182] This specification also provides computer-readable instructions, wherein when a processor executes the instructions, the program therein causes the processor to perform the following... Figures 1 to 5 The method shown.

[0183] This specification also provides a computer program product, including at least one instruction or at least one program segment, wherein the at least one instruction or the at least one program segment is loaded and executed by a processor to achieve the following: Figures 1 to 5 The method shown.

[0184] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this specification, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this specification.

[0185] It should also be understood that, in the embodiments of this specification, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this specification generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0186] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this specification can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this specification.

[0187] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0188] In the several embodiments provided in this specification, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or units, or they may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of connection.

[0189] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments described in this specification, depending on actual needs.

[0190] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this specification can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0191] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this specification, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this specification. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0192] This specification uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this specification. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this specification. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this specification. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, characterized in that, include: Based on the diffusion coefficient equation reflecting both water flow-driven and slope topographic-driven diffusion, a three-dimensional forward numerical simulation of sedimentary deposition was performed on the strata of the study area to obtain the sedimentary simulation results. The diffusion coefficient equation is as follows: μ1+μ2+μ3=1; Among them, Q cap Let K be the diffusion coefficient of the sediment, i be the type of sediment, I be the number of sediment types, and K be the number of sediment types. i Let φ be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment, φ be the water flow rate, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment. i γ represents the proportion of the i-th type of solid sediment in the water flow. i λ represents the proportion of the i-th type of soluble sediment in the water flow, S is the slope of the terrain, and λ is the slope of the terrain. i denoted as the deposition coefficient of the i-th type of sediment under slope conditions, μ1 is the influence weight of the total amount of sediment on the diffusion coefficient, P1 and P2 are the hydraulic pressure and rock pressure for sediment diffusion, respectively, μ2 is the influence weight of pressure on the diffusion coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth, and μ3 is the influence weight of gravity on the diffusion coefficient. Based on the sedimentation simulation results, a sedimentation forward model was established; Grid points are determined based on the two-dimensional profile location of the study area; Based on the sedimentation simulation results and the sedimentation forward model, the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times is output, and the depth domain stratigraphic profiles of the grid points at different times are obtained. A two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile was established based on high-precision data of the study area. By comparing the two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile with the depth-domain stratigraphic profile at the corresponding grid point, sequence stratigraphic time profile characteristics are obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffusion coefficient equation takes into account three influencing factors: available space, material supply, and transportation mechanism. The accommodable space is defined by sediment volume and sea level changes; The material supply is determined based on the proportion of different material source directions and different lithologies; The transport mechanism is determined based on sediment particle size and composition, as well as water flow parameters; wherein, The amount of sediment is: Where D(t) is the sedimentary amount at time t, d(t) is the stratigraphic thickness at time t, t is the time period, and ρ m ρ is the density of the mantle. a ρ is the density of the rock strata framework. w Φ is the density of water, Φ0 is the porosity of the rock layer, c is a dynamic parameter, h is the depth, and H is the depth. w The paleowater depth is represented by ΔH, and the change in sea level is represented by ΔH. The proportions of different source directions and different lithologies are as follows: Where, α u The u-th source direction, where u is the source direction number and U is the total amount of source directions. The j-th lithology in the u-th source direction, where j is the lithology number in the u-th source direction, J is the total lithology in the u-th source direction, k1 is the weight of the source direction, and k2 is the weight of the lithology.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the sedimentation simulation results, a sedimentation forward model is established, which is further as follows: Obtain sedimentary data of the strata in the study area; Based on the sedimentary simulation results and the sedimentary data, the lithological characteristics and geomorphic sedimentary characteristics of the strata in the study area are obtained; Based on the lithological and geomorphological sedimentary characteristics of the strata in the study area, the thickness of each stratum and its distribution on the plane are quantified. Based on the quantification results, the sedimentation forward model was established.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the quantification results, the sedimentation forward model is established, further including: Based on the quantitative results, the sedimentary simulation results, and the geological conditions of the study area, several different provenance systems and initial sedimentary forward modeling models corresponding to each provenance system are set. The initial sedimentation forward model is simulated, and the error rate of each initial sedimentation forward model is obtained based on the simulation results; Based on the error rate, determine whether each of the initial deposition forward models meets the preset conditions; If so, then select the one with the smallest error rate among the initial deposition forward modeling modules that meet the preset conditions as the output of the deposition forward modeling model; If not, then based on the geological conditions of the study area, the coefficients of each of the initial sedimentary forward models are corrected until the simulation results of each of the initial sedimentary forward models meet the preset error rate discrimination conditions.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the error rate, it is determined whether each of the initial deposition forward models meets the preset conditions, further as follows: Determine whether there exists an initial deposition forward model with an error rate less than or equal to a preset error rate threshold; The error rate is calculated using the following formula: Where δ is the error rate; D represents the sedimentary amount, and D represents the simulation results of each initial sedimentary forward model. 阈值 This is the preset simulation error threshold.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The geological conditions of the study area were determined through the following steps: The paleogeography of each stratum before deposition was obtained using the residual stratum thickness method; Based on the paleogeography and single-well sedimentary facies characteristics, the initial paleowater depth was estimated. The lake level rise / fall curve is determined based on the thickness of each stratum, the initial paleowater depth, drilling lithology, and well logging curves. The sedimentation amount is constructed based on the lake level rise and fall curve and the sedimentation state of the grid points at different times; Based on the thickness of each stratum, the sediment supply in the study area is determined according to the total deposition time and the subsidence. The source direction of the study area is determined based on the source supply, and the geological conditions of the study area are obtained.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the lake level rise and fall curve and the depositional state of the grid points at different times, the sedimentation amount is constructed, further including: Determine whether any of the grid points lack deposition information at a certain time in the deposition state of each grid point at different times; If so, then based on the lake level rise and fall curve, the back-stripping method is used to sequentially retrieve the deposition information of the grid point at each time other than the specified time, starting from the initial deposition stage, to obtain the deposition information of the grid point at the specified time. Based on the deposition information of the grid point at all other times except for that specific time, as well as the deposition information at that specific time, create the deposition information of the grid point at different times; The sedimentation amount is constructed based on the sedimentation information of each grid point.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the two-dimensional profile location of the study area, the grid points are determined, further including: The grid point adjacency relationship is constructed based on the position of the two-dimensional profile; Grid points are determined based on the adjacency relationships of the grid points.

9. An apparatus for establishing sequence stratigraphic time profiles based on sedimentary forward modeling, characterized in that, include The sedimentary simulation result acquisition module is used to perform three-dimensional forward numerical simulation of the strata in the study area based on the diffusion coefficient equation, which reflects the driving forces of water flow and slope topography, and obtain the sedimentary simulation results. The diffusion coefficient equation is as follows: μ1+μ2+μ3=1; Among them, Q cap Let K be the diffusion coefficient of the sediment, i be the type of sediment, I be the number of sediment types, and K be the number of sediment types. i Let φ be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment, φ be the water flow rate, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the i-th type of sediment. i γ represents the proportion of the i-th type of solid sediment in the water flow. i λ represents the proportion of the i-th type of soluble sediment in the water flow, S is the slope of the terrain, and λ is the slope of the terrain. i denoted as the deposition coefficient of the i-th type of sediment under slope conditions, μ1 is the influence weight of the total amount of sediment on the diffusion coefficient, P1 and P2 are the hydraulic pressure and rock pressure for sediment diffusion, respectively, μ2 is the influence weight of pressure on the diffusion coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth, and μ3 is the influence weight of gravity on the diffusion coefficient. The sedimentation forward model building module is used to build a sedimentation forward model based on the sedimentation simulation results. The grid point determination module is used to determine grid points based on the two-dimensional profile positions of the study area; The depth domain stratigraphic profile acquisition module is used to output the depositional state of the grid points at different times based on the depositional simulation results and the depositional forward model, and to obtain the depth domain stratigraphic profile of the grid points at different times. The time-domain stratigraphic profile establishment module is used to establish a two-dimensional time-domain stratigraphic profile based on high-precision data of the study area. The sequence stratigraphic time profile acquisition module is used to compare the two-dimensional time domain stratigraphic profile with the depth domain stratigraphic profile at the corresponding position of the grid point to obtain the sequence stratigraphic time profile features.

10. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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