Aero-engine high-speed main shaft bearing rolling body contact impression simulation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of bearing simulation, and particularly relates to an aero-engine high-speed main shaft bearing rolling body contact impression simulation method, which comprises the following steps of: controlling a bearing to operate at a high speed, and performing contact simulation on a steel ball and a bearing inner ring under the action of centrifugal force to obtain a contact impression formed by the bearing in long-time operation; the method comprises the following steps of: acquiring rolling body contact mark morphology of a bearing under working conditions of different load ratios, different clearances and different deflections, and establishing a mark morphology database; new bearing rolling body wear is collected and correspondingly analyzed with the impression morphology in the impression morphology database, and the rolling body wear type is determined. The limitation that traditional simulation only pays attention to a single load or a fixed clearance is broken through. Through thermal-structure coupling deformation calculation and deflection geometric mapping, the influence of engine thermal load, aerodynamic load and flight attitude change on the bearing contact state is accurately reproduced; the simulation process is simple and easy to understand, and the calculation result is visual and visible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of bearing simulation, and specifically relates to a method for simulating the contact imprints of rolling elements in a high-speed spindle bearing for aero-engines. Background Technology

[0002] Aero engines often use double-half-inner-ring angular contact ball bearings as support for a certain fulcrum of the main shaft, such as... Figure 1 Different engine operating conditions lead to changes in the bearing's working environment. For example, at thermal load conditions, the temperature field between the inner and outer rings of the bearing changes, causing alterations in bearing clearance. At different aerodynamic load conditions, the axial load on the inner and outer rings changes. Furthermore, at different flight attitudes, the coaxiality of the inner and outer rings changes due to the influence of gyroscopic torque. All these different engine operating conditions can cause changes in the motion of the bearing rolling elements on the raceways, resulting in different contact marks on the rolling element surfaces. Analyzing the contact marks of the main shaft bearing helps to clarify the bearing's operating state under different aero-engine conditions.

[0003] However, due to the diverse contact marks of the rolling elements, it is difficult to perform effective simulation.

[0004] To address this, a simulation method for contact imprints of rolling elements in high-speed spindle bearings for aero-engines is proposed, which effectively simulates the working state of the rolling elements under different axial / radial load ratios, different working clearances, and different inner and outer ring skew angles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a simulation method for the contact imprints of rolling elements in high-speed spindle bearings for aero-engines, thereby resolving the problem of difficulty in simulating the contact imprints of rolling elements in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of this application is: a method for simulating the contact imprints of rolling elements in a high-speed main shaft bearing of an aero-engine, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the structural parameters of the corresponding bearing, establish the shaft system model, adjust the distribution of the bearing radial load in the shaft system, and calculate the bearing working data;

[0008] Based on bearing operating data under different radial loads, the contact simulation between the steel ball and the bearing inner ring was carried out under the control of high-speed bearing operation and centrifugal force to obtain the contact imprint formed by the bearing under long-term operation.

[0009] Collect rolling element contact imprint morphology of bearings under different load ratios, different clearances, and different skew working conditions, and establish an imprint morphology database.

[0010] By collecting new bearing rolling element wear data and analyzing the corresponding imprint morphologies in the database, the type of rolling element wear can be determined.

[0011] Preferably, the specific method for establishing the imprint morphology database is as follows:

[0012] Project the morphology of each contact imprint, set the imprint frame and origin, and divide the contact imprint into dashed line imprints and solid line imprints; collect the number, position and slope of each dashed line imprint and solid line imprint.

[0013] A certain number of simulation tests were conducted under the same load ratio, clearance and skew working conditions. The distance range, slope range and number of each dashed line imprint and solid line imprint in the imprint morphology under the same conditions were collected and statistically analyzed.

[0014] Then, the imprint morphology of different distance ranges and slope ranges were sequentially numbered, and an imprint morphology database was constructed by combining the corresponding number of imprints.

[0015] Preferably, when analyzing the correspondence between the new bearing rolling element wear and the imprint morphology in the imprint morphology database, the method of sequentially comparing the number of imprints, the distance and slope of the dashed imprints, and the distance and slope of the solid imprints is adopted until the contact imprints that meet the requirements are obtained, and the corresponding load ratio, clearance, and skew are determined.

[0016] Preferably, when simulating the contact between the steel ball and the inner ring of the bearing, the steel ball is set to roll purely with the outer raceway, the axis of rotation of the steel ball is perpendicular to the contact normal of the outer ring, and relative sliding occurs at the contact position between the steel ball and the inner raceway. The contact width is 2 times the semi-major axis a of the contact ellipse, and rubbing occurs at the contact position of the inner ring. The contact imprint is obtained after running for a set time.

[0017] Preferably, adjusting the distribution of the bearing radial load in the shaft system specifically involves:

[0018] By adjusting the magnitude of the axial / radial load, different axial / radial load ratios are simulated; by adjusting the internal radial working clearance of the bearing and the working temperatures of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, different temperature field conditions are simulated; by adjusting the distribution of the radial load of the bearing in the shaft system, the misalignment conditions of the inner and outer rings of the bearing are simulated, and bearing working simulation is performed to obtain bearing working data.

[0019] Bearing operating data includes: the contact angle between each rolling element and the inner and outer rings of the bearing, the contact load, and the semi-major axis 'a' of the contact ellipse.

[0020] Preferably, Romax simulation software is used to simulate the bearing operation.

[0021] The simulation method for rolling element contact imprints in high-speed spindle bearings of aero-engines presented in this application has the following advantages:

[0022] Through a multi-physics coupling, dynamic parameter correction, and database-driven analysis framework, high-precision simulation of contact imprints and rapid diagnosis of wear conditions under complex working conditions are achieved.

[0023] It breaks through the limitations of traditional simulations that only focus on a single load or fixed clearance. Through thermo-structural coupled deformation calculation (considering thermal expansion, elastic deformation, and cage collision) and skew geometry mapping (correcting the raceway spatial position), it accurately reproduces the influence of engine thermal load, aerodynamic load, and flight attitude changes on bearing contact state.

[0024] The simulation process is simple and easy to understand, and the calculation results are intuitive and visual. It forms a table of bearing rolling element contact imprint morphology under different working conditions. By comparison, it can effectively simulate various working conditions such as different axial / radial load ratios, shaft misalignment, and abnormal working clearance, which is helpful for the mechanism analysis of faulty bearings and the forward design of bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the engine bearing assembly structure in the background art;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft system model of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the steel ball in this application;

[0029] Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams illustrating the morphology of the imprints under different working conditions in this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the morphology of the rolling elements of a bearing in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The first aspect of this application provides a method for simulating the contact imprints of rolling elements in high-speed spindle bearings of aero-engines, such as... Figure 2 It includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S100: Obtain the structural parameters of the corresponding bearing and establish the shaft system model, such as... Figure 3 Adjust the distribution of the bearing radial load in the shaft system and calculate the bearing operating data.

[0034] Preferably, Romax simulation software is used to simulate the bearing operation.

[0035] Adjusting the distribution of the bearing radial load in the shaft system, specifically:

[0036] By adjusting the magnitude of the axial / radial load, different axial / radial load ratios are simulated; by adjusting the internal radial working clearance of the bearing and the working temperatures of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, different temperature field conditions are simulated; by adjusting the distribution of the radial load of the bearing in the shaft system, the misalignment conditions of the inner and outer rings of the bearing are simulated, and bearing working simulation is performed to obtain bearing working data.

[0037] Bearing operating data includes: the contact angle between each rolling element and the inner and outer rings of the bearing, the contact load, and the semi-major axis 'a' of the contact ellipse.

[0038] This allows us to obtain bearing operating data under different load magnitudes and load ratios in different directions, covering various flight conditions.

[0039] Step S200: Based on bearing operating data under different radial loads, the bearing is controlled to operate at high speed and under centrifugal force to simulate the contact between the steel balls and the bearing inner ring, obtaining the contact marks formed by the bearing during long-term operation, such as... Figure 5 .

[0040] Preferably, when simulating the contact between the steel ball and the inner ring of the bearing, the steel ball is set to roll purely with the outer raceway, the axis of rotation of the steel ball is perpendicular to the contact normal of the outer ring, and relative sliding occurs at the contact position between the steel ball and the inner raceway. The contact width is 2 times the semi-major axis a of the contact ellipse. Slippage occurs at the contact position of the inner ring, and the contact imprint is obtained after a set running time. This allows us to obtain the ideal working condition of the steel ball. In this way, when deviation occurs during actual operation, the corresponding imprint type can be obtained by giving a very small deviation range, with high accuracy.

[0041] Step S300: Collect the morphology of rolling element contact marks under different load ratios, different clearances, and different skew operating conditions of the bearing, such as... Figure 5 Establish an imprint morphology database, such as Figure 4 .

[0042] Preferably, the specific method for establishing the imprint morphology database is as follows:

[0043] Project the morphology of each contact imprint, set the imprint frame and origin, and divide the contact imprint into dashed line imprints and solid line imprints; collect the number, position and slope of each dashed line imprint and solid line imprint.

[0044] A certain number of simulation tests were conducted under the same load ratio, clearance and skew working conditions. The distance range, slope range and number of each dashed line imprint and solid line imprint in the imprint morphology under the same conditions were collected and statistically analyzed.

[0045] Then, the imprint morphology of different distance ranges and slope ranges were sequentially numbered, and an imprint morphology database was constructed by combining the corresponding number of imprints.

[0046] Imprint morphology databases can limit the range of imprints generated by a certain type of load ratio, clearance, and skew working conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of identification.

[0047] When the distance and slope ranges of a certain type of imprint, such as dashed lines, overlap, further elimination can be achieved by comparing other imprints, including their quantity and those of solid lines.

[0048] To further improve accuracy, the distance between adjacent imprints of the same type can be collected, imprint distance values ​​can be set, and further filtering can be performed based on these imprint distance values, thereby improving accuracy.

[0049] Step S400: Collect new bearing rolling element wear data and perform corresponding analysis on the imprint morphology in the database to determine the type of rolling element wear.

[0050] Preferably, when analyzing the correspondence between the new bearing rolling element wear and the imprint morphology in the imprint morphology database, the method of sequentially comparing the number of imprints, the distance and slope of the dashed imprints, and the distance and slope of the solid imprints is adopted until the contact imprints that meet the requirements are obtained, and the corresponding load ratio, clearance and skew are determined to achieve rapid and accurate screening.

[0051] In summary, this application has the following advantages:

[0052] Through a multi-physics coupling, dynamic parameter correction, and database-driven analysis framework, high-precision simulation of contact imprints and rapid diagnosis of wear conditions under complex working conditions are achieved.

[0053] It breaks through the limitations of traditional simulations that only focus on a single load or fixed clearance. Through thermo-structural coupled deformation calculation (considering thermal expansion, elastic deformation, and cage collision) and skew geometry mapping (correcting the raceway spatial position), it accurately reproduces the influence of engine thermal load, aerodynamic load, and flight attitude changes on bearing contact state.

[0054] The simulation process is simple and easy to understand, and the calculation results are intuitive and visual. It forms a table of bearing rolling element contact imprint morphology under different working conditions. By comparison, it can effectively simulate various working conditions such as different axial / radial load ratios, shaft misalignment, and abnormal working clearance, which is helpful for the mechanism analysis of faulty bearings and the forward design of bearings.

[0055] The following is an example to illustrate this:

[0056] For example, such as Figure 6 The wear rings on the rolling elements of the No.3 pivot bearing of the XX engine, discovered during disassembly and inspection, are shown in the figure below. The wear rings are similar to those on the steel balls under the load conditions of an initial clearance of -10µm and an axial force of 50,000N / radial force of 2,000N. This may be due to the bearing being subjected to a negative clearance and a large axial / small radial load ratio for an extended period of time, causing this type of rolling element wear.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating contact imprints of rolling elements in a high-speed main shaft bearing of an aero-engine, characterized in that, include: Obtain the structural parameters of the corresponding bearing, establish the shaft system model, adjust the distribution of the bearing radial load in the shaft system, and calculate the bearing working data; Based on bearing operating data under different radial loads, the contact simulation between the steel ball and the bearing inner ring was carried out under the control of high-speed bearing operation and centrifugal force to obtain the contact imprint formed by the bearing under long-term operation. Collect rolling element contact imprint morphology of bearings under different load ratios, different clearances, and different skew working conditions, and establish an imprint morphology database. By collecting new bearing rolling element wear data and analyzing the corresponding imprint morphologies in the database, the type of rolling element wear can be determined.

2. The simulation method for rolling element contact imprints of high-speed main shaft bearings in aero-engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for establishing an impression morphology database is as follows: Project the morphology of each contact imprint, set the imprint frame and origin, and divide the contact imprint into dashed line imprints and solid line imprints; collect the number, position and slope of each dashed line imprint and solid line imprint. A certain number of simulation tests were conducted under the same load ratio, clearance and skew working conditions. The distance range, slope range and number of each dashed line imprint and solid line imprint in the imprint morphology under the same conditions were collected and statistically analyzed. Then, the imprint morphology of different distance ranges and slope ranges were sequentially numbered, and an imprint morphology database was constructed by combining the corresponding number of imprints.

3. The simulation method for rolling element contact imprints of high-speed main shaft bearings in aero-engines as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When performing a correspondence analysis between the new bearing rolling element wear and the imprint morphology database, the method involves sequentially comparing the number of imprints, the distance and slope of the dashed imprints, and the distance and slope of the solid imprints until a contact imprint that meets the requirements is obtained, thereby determining the corresponding load ratio, clearance, and misalignment.

4. The simulation method for rolling element contact imprints of high-speed main shaft bearings in aero-engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When simulating the contact between the steel ball and the inner ring of the bearing, the steel ball is set to roll purely with the outer raceway. The axis of rotation of the steel ball is perpendicular to the contact normal of the outer ring. The contact position between the steel ball and the inner raceway produces relative sliding. The contact width is 2 times the semi-major axis a of the contact ellipse. Slippage occurs at the contact position of the inner ring. The contact imprint is obtained after running for a set time.

5. The simulation method for rolling element contact imprints of high-speed main shaft bearings in aero-engines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the distribution of the bearing radial load in the shaft system, specifically: By adjusting the magnitude of the axial / radial load, different axial / radial load ratios are simulated; by adjusting the internal radial working clearance of the bearing and the working temperatures of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, different temperature field conditions are simulated; by adjusting the distribution of the radial load of the bearing in the shaft system, the misalignment conditions of the inner and outer rings of the bearing are simulated, and bearing working simulation is performed to obtain bearing working data. Bearing operating data includes: the contact angle between each rolling element and the inner and outer rings of the bearing, the contact load, and the semi-major axis 'a' of the contact ellipse.

6. The simulation method for rolling element contact imprints of high-speed main shaft bearings in aero-engines as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bearing operation was simulated using Romax simulation software.

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