Low-temperature-resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery

Abstract

This invention provides a low-temperature resistant energy storage battery for new energy vehicles, comprising a base housing as the basic installation structure; a bottom protective module that adapts to low-temperature heating and high-temperature heat dissipation requirements via a heating plate; a battery support tray that supports the battery module and guides airflow circulation via a support panel and battery enclosure frame; and a heat exchange module that uses a flow divider and elastic clamping components to achieve airflow distribution and heating plate positioning, ensuring uniform thermal management. This invention balances the temperature difference between the center and sides of the battery module through a flow divider design with a large airflow on the outside and a small airflow on the inside, ensuring uniform temperature distribution throughout the battery module. This achieves temperature consistency during charging and discharging, reduces the negative impact of localized overheating or overcooling on battery performance, and extends battery life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage battery technology for new energy vehicles, and specifically to a low-temperature resistant energy storage battery for new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] As the core carrier of green transportation, the driving range, environmental adaptability, and driving safety of new energy vehicles directly depend on the performance of energy storage batteries. As the core power component of new energy vehicles, energy storage batteries must maintain stable energy output efficiency and cycle life under different climatic conditions such as high and low temperatures. Their temperature control performance is one of the key factors determining the market acceptance of new energy vehicles. However, current energy storage batteries for new energy vehicles face significant bottlenecks in temperature control technology during practical applications, making it difficult to adapt to usage requirements under all climatic conditions. Insufficient heating performance in low-temperature environments: Traditional energy storage batteries lack efficient active heating and thermal homogenization design. Low-temperature environments can significantly reduce the reaction rate of active materials inside the battery, resulting in a sharp drop in charging and discharging efficiency and a severe reduction in driving range, greatly affecting the winter driving experience. Although some batteries are equipped with heating components, the heat distribution is uneven during the heating process. The battery module is prone to the coexistence of local overheating and local unheating. Not only can it not achieve uniform heating, but the temperature difference will also accelerate the degradation of individual battery cells and shorten the overall battery life.

[0003] Heat dissipation is hindered in high-temperature environments. The heating components added to cope with low temperatures will become obstacles to heat dissipation in high-temperature environments. This will prevent the heat generated by the battery during operation from being quickly conducted to the heat dissipation system and dissipated, resulting in excessively high battery temperature. This will not only reduce the safety of charging and discharging in high-temperature environments, but will also further accelerate battery degradation. It will be impossible to meet the dual requirements of low-temperature insulation and high-temperature heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a low-temperature resistant energy storage battery for new energy vehicles, solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A low-temperature resistant energy storage battery for new energy vehicles includes a battery module and a heat exchange module mounted on a battery support tray. The battery module comprises multiple sets of battery modules arranged side-by-side. The heat exchange module includes a main housing disposed between adjacent battery modules and a shunt plate fixedly disposed at the bottom of the main housing. The battery support tray includes a support panel fitted into a base housing and a battery enclosure frame mounted on top of the support panel. A bottom air cavity is formed between the support panel and the base housing. The bottom of the main housing... The airflow is connected to the bottom air cavity; exhaust holes are respectively opened on the bottom of both sides of the main box, and the exhaust holes are connected to a lateral flow guide cavity located on the side of the battery module and vertically distributed; the flow divider includes a long flow guide plate and a short flow guide plate, both fixed on the inner wall of the main box; when the airflow enters the main box from the bottom air cavity, the flow divider asymmetrically divides the airflow, so that the airflow is guided by the long flow guide plate to flow to the exhaust hole located on the outside of the battery module, and guided by the short flow guide plate to flow to the exhaust hole located on the inside of the battery module, thereby balancing the heat dissipation needs of the middle and sides of the battery module.

[0006] This invention provides a low-temperature resistant energy storage battery for new energy vehicles. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages: To address the issue of uneven heat dissipation in existing battery thermal management systems, which leads to overheating in the center and undercooling on the sides of the battery module, this invention proposes a diverter plate fixed to the bottom of the main housing. When airflow enters the main housing from the bottom air chamber, the long diverter plate directs most of the airflow to the exhaust vents on the outside of the main housing to enhance heat exchange on both sides of the battery module. Meanwhile, the short diverter plate directs a small portion of the airflow to the exhaust vents on the inside of the main housing to meet the heat dissipation needs of the battery's center. This effectively balances the temperature difference between the center and sides of the battery module, ensuring a uniform overall temperature distribution and achieving temperature consistency during charging and discharging. This reduces the negative impact of localized overheating or undercooling on battery performance and extends battery life.

[0007] This invention forms a double-point fixing structure with a support clamp and an elastic clamping member, which realizes stable installation and efficient heat conduction of the heating plate, avoids displacement or detachment of the heating plate caused by vibration, ensures that the heating surface is in close contact with the battery module, and improves heating efficiency; at the same time, it reduces mechanical damage during collision and extends the service life of the heating plate.

[0008] To address the issues of low heat exchange efficiency and poor airflow circulation in battery systems under low and high temperature conditions, this invention forms a bottom air cavity with the bottom surface of the support panel of the battery carrier tray and the protective cover, a lateral airflow guide cavity with the side sealing plate and the outer horizontal plate enclosure, and a top air cavity with the top dispersion plate and the battery cover. This allows airflow to be drawn from above the battery module, and the hot airflow flows through the top air cavity and the fan module into the bottom air cavity. Then, it enters the heat exchange module through the vertical ventilation holes and flows back to the top air cavity through the lateral airflow guide cavity. This achieves efficient thermal management and stable operation of the battery system in different temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery support tray and battery module structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 An exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the battery support tray and heat exchange module structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat exchange module of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the battery enclosure frame structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the battery support tray of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the outer horizontal plate and the longitudinal assembly plate of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 It shows Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram at point B; Figure 9 It shows Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram at point C; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the base housing structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the bottom protective module structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 12 It shows Figure 11 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the elastic clamping member structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the top protective module structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the storage battery of the present invention is shown.

[0011] As shown in the figure: 100. Base housing; 110. External positioning frame; 120. Internal mounting slot; 130. Positioning block; 140. Battery socket. 200. Bottom protection module; 210. Protective cover; 220. Heating plate; 221. Electrical connector; 230. Support clamp; 240. Cable clip; 250. Cable holder. 300. Battery support tray; 310. Support panel; 311. Vertical ventilation hole; 312. Panel through slot; 313. Support column; 314. Side sealing plate; 315. Air guide strip; 316. Edge strip; 317. Cable clearance opening; 320. Battery clamping frame; 330. First fan module; 340. Second fan module; 350. Outer horizontal plate; 351. Inner folding plate; 352. Outer folding plate; 353. Clearance slot; 354. Fixing corner plate; 360. Inner horizontal plate; 370. H-shaped frame; 380. Cable routing trough; 390. Longitudinal assembly plate; 391. Positioning pin. 400. Battery module; 410. Battery module; 420. Conductive connector; 430. Pin board; 440. Monitoring signal line. 500. Heat exchange module; 510. Main housing; 511. Housing through-plate groove; 512. Exhaust vent; 513. Return air vent; 520. Mounting base; 530. Flow divider; 531. Long guide plate; 532. Upper fixing plate; 533. Short guide plate; 534. Lower fixing plate; 535. Flow divider through-plate groove; 540. Elastic clamping component; 541. Inner clamping plate; 542. Elastic support plate; 543. Fixing component through-plate; 550. Top ventilation hole. 600. Top protective module; 610. Top dispersion plate; 611. Dispersion plate ventilation holes; 620. Top partition bar; 630. Main airflow interface; 640. Secondary airflow interface. 700. Battery cover; 710. Auxiliary docking valve. 800, Controller; 910, Bottom air cavity; 920, Side air guide cavity; 930, Top air cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the provided low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery includes: a base shell 100, a bottom protection module 200, a battery support tray 300, a battery module 400, a heat exchange module 500, a top protection module 600, and a battery cover 700.

[0014] It should be noted that, as part of the technical concept of this invention: the proposed base housing 100, as a basic installation structure, is fixed to the vehicle chassis to provide impact protection through multiple sets of external positioning frames 110 with U-shaped side cross-sections at its bottom; a bottom protection module 200 is installed inside; the bottom protection module 200 controls the on / off state of the heating plate 220 circuit to start heating in low-temperature conditions and stop heating in high-temperature conditions; the battery support tray 300 is installed on the bottom protection module 200, supporting the battery module 400 and guiding airflow circulation through the support panel 310 and the battery enclosure frame; the battery module 400 consists of multiple battery modules. Composed of 410, it is constrained by the battery enclosure frame between the main box 510 of the adjacent heat exchange module 500; the heat exchange module 500 achieves airflow diversion and electric heating plate 220 positioning through the diversion plate 530 and elastic clamp 540 to ensure uniform heat management; the top protection module 600 is integrated and installed in the battery cover 700, and is connected to the fan module through the air guide box, and achieves airflow circulation through the top air cavity 930 formed between the top dispersion plate 610 and the battery cover; the battery cover 700 is bolted to the base housing 100 to seal the entire system, and introduces external cold air to the top air cavity 930 through the auxiliary docking valve 710 to enhance high temperature heat dissipation.

[0015] Based on the above technical concept, in one embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figure 2 , Figures 11-12 , Figure 15 As shown, the bottom protection module 200 includes a protective cover 210, a heating plate 220, a support clamp 230, a cable clamp 240, and a cable holder 250.

[0016] In specific implementation, the protective cover 210 has a U-shaped side section, which is embedded and installed in the inner mounting groove 120 of the base housing 100; the support clamp 230 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the protective cover 210, used to vertically support and fix the bottom end of the heating plate 220, and at the same time, as Figure 4 As shown, the top clamping of the elastic clamping member 540 forms a double-point fixation at the top and bottom, which avoids displacement or falling off caused by vibration, and ensures that the heating surface is in close contact with the battery module 410, thereby improving heating efficiency. Furthermore, multiple sets of heating plates 220 are provided and electrically connected to the controller 800. The controller 800 controls the on / off state of the circuit of the heating plates 220 according to the battery temperature monitored by the preset temperature sensor, so as to start heating under low temperature conditions and stop heating under high temperature conditions, and to disassemble / replace when maintenance is required. During maintenance, each set of heating plates 220, whether new or maintained, is inserted into the protective cover 210, with its bottom end inserted into the support clamp 230; the cable clips 240 are horizontally distributed and fixed in the middle of the interior of the protective cover 210, used to fix the wire harnesses led down from the cable tray 380 of the battery carrier tray 300; the cable holder 250 is provided on one side of each set of cable clips 240, used to position and connect the electrical connectors 221 of the heating plates 220, wherein the electrical connectors 221 are snapped into the cable holder 250, thereby realizing the circuit connection.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, the battery support tray 300 includes a support panel 310, a battery enclosure frame, a first fan module 330, a second fan module 340, and an H-frame 370.

[0018] In practical implementation, the support panel 310 is provided in two sets, which are fitted and installed inside the protective cover 210, such as Figure 6 As shown, a wiring groove 380 is formed between the support panels 310. The support panel 310 has a rectangular array of vertical ventilation holes 311 and multiple sets of plate through-holes 312 inside. Its bottom surface is provided with a guide strip 315 and an edge strip 316. The guide strip 315 and the edge strip 316 are fitted against the inner wall of the protective cover 210, forming a bottom air cavity 910 between the bottom surface of the support panel 310 and the protective cover 210. The edge strip 316 is located on the side of the bottom surface of the support panel 310. Figure 9 As shown, a cable avoidance opening 317 is provided at the position opposite to the through groove 312 of the plate, so as to avoid squeezing the wire harness when the bearing panel 310 is installed or vibrated, prevent damage and short circuit, and ensure circuit safety.

[0019] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the battery enclosure frame is installed on the top of the support panel 310 and includes an outer horizontal plate 350, an inner horizontal plate 360, a longitudinal assembly plate 390, and a battery clamping frame 320. The outer horizontal plate 350 is located on the outer side of the top of the support panel 310, and the inner horizontal plate 360 ​​is located on the inner side of the top. The two are connected by the longitudinal assembly plate 390 to form a rectangular frame.

[0020] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, an inner folding plate 351 is vertically provided on the inner side of the bottom surface of the outer horizontal plate 350, and an outer folding plate 352 is vertically provided on the outer side of the bottom surface. An avoidance groove 353 is provided at the outer end of the inner folding plate 351. The longitudinal assembly plate 390 extends into the avoidance groove 353 and is connected to the outer horizontal plate 350 by bolts. It can be understood that the purpose of the avoidance groove 353 is to provide an installation positioning reference for the longitudinal assembly plate 390 and improve the installation accuracy of the battery module 410.

[0021] Furthermore, a positioning pin 391 is vertically provided on the bottom surface of the middle section of the longitudinal assembly plate 390, and multiple sets of support columns 313 are vertically provided on the bottom surface of the outer transverse plate 350. Both the positioning pin 391 and the support columns 313 are vertically fixed to the bearing panel 310. Meanwhile, as in 2, Figure 8 As shown, the top surface of the outer horizontal plate 350 is provided with multiple sets of fixing angle plates 354. The fixing angle plates 354 are connected to the positioning block 130 of the base housing 100 by bolts. The purpose is to achieve rigid fixation between the enclosure frame and the base housing 100, resist driving vibration, avoid the battery module 410 from shifting or the thermal channel from loosening of the frame, and ensure the overall rigidity of the rectangular structure of the battery enclosure frame.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 15 As shown, a lateral sealing plate 314 is vertically provided at the outer end of the longitudinal assembly plate 390. In specific implementation, the lateral sealing plate 314 surrounds both ends of the lateral airflow guiding cavity 920, the outer horizontal plate 350 surrounds the top of the lateral airflow guiding cavity 920, and the outer folding plate 352 is fitted to the outer top of the protective cover 210. Thus, the lateral sealing plate 314, the outer horizontal plate 350, and the outer folding plate 352 together form a closed structure of the lateral airflow guiding cavity 920, thereby preventing airflow leakage, ensuring that hot air / cold air circulates along a set path, and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] It is understood that in this embodiment, the lateral airflow cavity 920 is a vertically distributed cavity with the following enclosure structure: the top and outer walls are composed of the outer horizontal plate 350 and outer folding plate 352 of the battery support tray 300; both ends are sealed by the lateral sealing plate 314 of the battery support tray 300; the inner walls are the sides of the battery module 400 and the heat exchange module 500; the bottom and base are composed of the top outer area of ​​the protective cover 210 of the base housing 100. The purpose of this vertical distribution is to ensure that the airflow from the exhaust hole 512 of the main housing 510 can move upwards, forming an effective vertical circulation.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, multiple sets of H-shaped brackets 370 are provided. Each set of H-shaped brackets 370 is located above the cable tray 380 and is used to connect the battery enclosure frames on the two sets of support panels 310 and serve as a cable harness bundling position. It can be understood that the purpose of the proposed H-shaped brackets 370 connecting the enclosure frames of the two sets of support panels 310 is to improve the overall rigidity of the battery pack and avoid component damage or thermal channel blockage caused by deformation during driving. At the same time, using the H-shaped brackets 370 as dedicated cable harness bundling positions can keep the cable harnesses away from the heat dissipation surface of the battery module 410, avoiding messy tangling that affects airflow. It also allows the cable tray 380 and the H-shaped brackets 370 to work together to achieve layered management of the cable harnesses, improving heat dissipation efficiency and the convenience of subsequent maintenance.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the battery clamping frame 320 presses down on top of multiple battery modules 410, and its two ends are connected to the positioning pins 391 by bolts. Thus, it can be understood that the outer horizontal plate 350, the inner horizontal plate 360, and the longitudinal assembly plate 390 form a rectangular enclosure frame, which constrains the battery modules 410 from all sides, while the battery clamping frame 320 is pressed down and fixed from the top, forming a directional positioning around the perimeter and top, resisting vibration and impact, and preventing the battery modules 410 from shifting or colliding. At the same time, the positioning pins 391 and the support columns 313 enhance the support strength of the enclosure frame.

[0026] Furthermore, the first fan module 330 and the second fan module 340 are respectively installed at both ends of the support panel 310 to draw hot air from both ends to the bottom air cavity 910.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the battery module 400 includes multiple battery modules 410, conductive connecting pieces 420, pinboard 430, and monitoring signal lines 440.

[0028] In practice, multiple battery modules 410, as core energy storage units, are arranged side by side and fitted between the main boxes 510 of adjacent heat exchange modules 500. Their outer sides and tops are constrained and positioned by the battery enclosure frame of the battery carrying tray 300 and the battery clamping frame 320.

[0029] Furthermore, conductive connecting pieces 420 are disposed between adjacent battery modules 410 to achieve electrical series connection between the battery modules 410; such as Figure 10 As shown, the pinboard 430 is located at the output end of the battery module, which is used to lead out the power of the entire battery module 400 and connect it to the battery socket 140 of the base housing 100; the monitoring signal line 440 is located at the conductive connecting piece 420, which is used to monitor the voltage, temperature and other status parameters of the battery module in real time, and connect it to the controller and wiring harness.

[0030] To address the problems of uneven heat dissipation in existing battery thermal management systems, which leads to overheating in the center and undercooling on the sides of the battery module, as well as poor temperature consistency affecting battery performance and lifespan, this invention proposes a heat exchange module 500. The purpose is to: divert airflow through its internal flow divider 530, directing most of the airflow to the sides of the battery module and a smaller portion to the center, thereby balancing the heat dissipation needs of the center and sides of the battery module 400 and effectively controlling the overall temperature distribution of the battery module; simultaneously, through its elastic clamping member 540 structure, it achieves stable clamping and efficient heat conduction of the heating plate 220 while ensuring smooth airflow channels, ultimately forming a uniform and efficient thermal cycle within the battery system.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the heat exchange module 500 includes a main housing 510, a mounting base 520, a flow divider 530, and an elastic clamping member 540.

[0032] In practice, the main box 510 is provided in multiple sets, and each main box 510 is bolted to the outer horizontal plate 350 and inner horizontal plate 360 ​​of the battery support tray 300 through the mounting bases 520 symmetrically arranged on both sides of its top, to ensure the fit between the main box 510 and the battery module 410 and to ensure the heating / heat dissipation effect; the bottom of the main box 510 is provided with a box plate through groove 511, and the main box 510 is connected to the plate through groove 312 of the support panel 310 and communicates with the bottom air cavity 910.

[0033] Furthermore, the main box 510 has exhaust vents 512 on the bottom of both sides and return vents 513 on the top of both sides. The top of the main box 510 is an open structure and has multiple sets of spaced elastic clamping members 540 inside. The gaps between the elastic clamping members 540 form top ventilation holes 550. It can be understood that the top opening of the box 510 and the top ventilation holes 550 cooperate to ensure smooth airflow inside, while the spaced elastic clamping members 540 avoid blocking the airflow channel and ensure that heat is evenly transferred to the battery module 410.

[0034] Furthermore, the diversion plate 530 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the main box 510. The diversion plate 530 has a diversion plate through slot 535 inside. The diversion plate 530 is composed of a long guide plate 531, an upper fixed plate 532, a short guide plate 533, and a lower fixed plate 534 to form a diversion structure for asymmetrical diversion. In specific implementation, the bottom end of the long guide plate 531 is connected to the bottom end of the short guide plate 533, the top end of the short guide plate 533 is connected to the lower fixed plate 534, and the top end of the long guide plate 531 is connected to the upper fixed plate 532. The upper fixed plate 532 and the lower fixed plate 534 are both fixed to the inner wall of the main box 510. Thus, the long guide plate 531 and the short guide plate 533 form a diversion structure. The short guide plate 533 is used to guide the air to the inner exhaust hole 512, and the long guide plate 531 is used to guide the air to the outer exhaust hole 512. Understandably, the long guide plate 531 and the short guide plate 533 form a flow-dividing structure. The long guide plate is located on the side closer to the outside of the battery module, and the short guide plate is located on the side closer to the inside of the battery module. This divides the airflow into two paths, with the outer side having a larger airflow volume than the inner side. This balances the heat in the middle and on both sides of the battery module 400, solving the problem of overheating in the middle and overcooling on both sides, and improving battery consistency. The inclined plate structure guides the airflow along a preset path, preventing airflow from congesting inside the main box 510, ensuring that the airflow is quickly output through the exhaust hole 512, and improving thermal circulation efficiency.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 13 As shown, the elastic clamping member 540 is fixed to the inner top of the main box body 510, including two sets of symmetrically spaced inner clamping plates 541. A fixing member through groove 543 is formed between the two sets of inner clamping plates 541. The outer side of each set of inner clamping plates 541 is fixedly connected to the main box body 510 through a V-shaped elastic support piece 542, and the bottom end of the two sets of inner clamping plates 541 is an eight-shaped arc structure.

[0036] Based on the above technical concept, it can be understood that the two sets of inner clamping plates 541, together with the V-shaped elastic support plate 542, form an elastic clamping structure. This ensures the heating plate 220 is firmly positioned while accommodating slight dimensional deviations, compensating for vibration gaps, maintaining the stability of thermal contact, and preventing loosening or displacement caused by vibration. Simultaneously, the figure-eight arc structure at the bottom of the inner clamping plate 541 guides the heating plate 220 for smooth disassembly / replacement, preventing scratches during insertion and removal. The deformation buffering effect of the elastic support plate 542 reduces mechanical damage during replacement, extending the service life of the heating plate 220. The close fit between the inner clamping plate 541 and the heating plate 220 improves heat conduction efficiency, allowing the heat from the heating plate 220 to be quickly transferred to the battery module 410, thus improving the heating response speed. In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 15As shown, the principle of heat exchange module 500 to achieve heat circulation is as follows: During airflow circulation, the airflow from the bottom air cavity 910 enters the main box 510 and is diverted by the diverter plate 530. The short guide plate 533 directs a small portion of the airflow to the exhaust hole 512 on the inner side of the main box 510, while the long guide plate 531 directs most of the airflow to the exhaust hole 512 on the outer side of the main box 510. This design aims to balance the heat dissipation requirements of the middle and sides of the battery module 400 by making the airflow on the outside greater than that on the inside, thereby effectively balancing the temperature of the entire battery module. After the initial heat exchange is completed, the airflow discharged from the exhaust hole 512 enters the lateral guide cavity 920 and moves upward. A portion of the airflow is drawn back into the main box through the return air hole 513 at the top of the main box 510, and finally outputs upward to the top of the battery module through the top ventilation hole 550 between each elastic clamp 540, forming an efficient heat circulation path.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 14 As shown, the top protection module 600 includes a top dispersion plate 610, a top partition 620, a main airflow interface 630, and a secondary airflow interface 640.

[0038] In practice, the top dispersion plate 610 is installed inside the battery cover 700, and multiple sets of dispersion plate ventilation holes 611 are opened on its surface to achieve uniform distribution of airflow in the top air cavity 930, ensuring that hot air / cold air fully covers the top of the battery module 400, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the upper and lower circulation, and avoiding excessively high or low top temperatures.

[0039] Furthermore, the top dispersion plate 610 is symmetrically provided with top partitions 620. The top partitions 620 are attached to the inner wall of the battery cover 700 and connected by bolts, thereby forming a closed top air cavity 930 between the top dispersion plate 610 and the battery cover 700. The auxiliary docking valve 710 on the top surface of the battery cover 700 introduces cold air into the top air cavity 930. With the airflow drive of the fan module, the heat dissipation effect under high temperature conditions is enhanced, the battery temperature is quickly reduced, overheating damage is avoided, and the battery life is extended.

[0040] Furthermore, the main airflow interface 630 and the secondary airflow interface 640 are respectively located at both ends of the top dispersion plate 610. The bottom end of the main airflow interface 630 is connected to the first fan module 330 of the battery support tray 300, and the bottom end of the secondary airflow interface 640 is connected to the second fan module 340. The principle is as follows: When the battery is working, the hot airflow gathered above the battery module 400 is drawn in by the fan module and enters through the air guide boxes at both ends and is evenly dispersed in the top air cavity 930. Then, the hot airflow flows downward and evenly back to the top of the battery module 400 through the dispersion plate ventilation holes 611 of the top dispersion plate 610, forming a circulation. Under high temperature heat dissipation conditions, the controller 800 electrically controls the auxiliary docking valve 710 on the top of the battery cover 700 to open, introducing external cold air into the top air cavity 930 to enhance the heat dissipation effect.

[0041] For ease of understanding, the assembly process and working principle of this invention are as follows: Assembly process: The bottom protection module 200 is installed by embedding the protective cover 210 into the inner mounting groove 120 of the base housing 100. Then, each heating plate 220 is installed vertically, with its bottom end snapped into the support clamp 230 at the bottom of the protective cover 210, and its top electrical connector 221 snapped into the wire clamp 250 on the side of the wire clamp 240 for pre-positioning.

[0042] The battery carrier tray 300 is installed by inserting the battery carrier tray 300 of the integrated heat exchange module 500 into the protective cover 210. During this process, the upper parts of all the heating plates 220 pass through the plate through slot 312 of the carrier panel 310, the box through slot 511 at the bottom of the main box 510, and the diverter through slot 535 of the diverter plate 530 in sequence, and are finally clamped and fixed by the fixing through slot 543 of the elastic clamping member 540. At the same time, it is also necessary to ensure that the flow guide strip 315 and the edge strip 316 at the bottom of the carrier panel 310 are tightly fitted with the inner wall of the protective cover 210 to form a sealed bottom air cavity 910. The outer horizontal plate 350 is fixed to the positioning block 130 of the base housing 100 by bolts through the fixing angle plate 354, so that together with the side sealing plate 314 and the protective cover 210, a side flow guide cavity 920 is formed. To enable quick disassembly and assembly and improve maintenance efficiency, the through slot 312 on the plate and the through slot 511 on the box need to be wider than the heating plate 220, so as to cooperate with the elastic design of the elastic clamp 540 and make the disassembly / replacement of the heating plate 220 smooth.

[0043] Battery module 400 installation: Insert each battery module 410 into the battery enclosure frame, positioning it between adjacent main boxes 510. Use conductive connecting pieces 420 to connect adjacent battery modules 410 in series, and install monitoring signal lines 440. After all wire harnesses are properly bundled onto the wiring trough 380 and H-frame 370, connect them to the heating plate 220 electrical connector 221, monitoring signal lines 440, controller 800, and battery socket 140. Finally, install the battery clamping bracket 320, pressing it down on top of all battery modules 410, and fix it with bolts and positioning pins 391.

[0044] System packaging: The battery cover 700, which has integrated the top protection module 600, is closed onto the base housing 100. In this step, it is necessary to ensure that the main airflow interface 630 of the top protection module 600 is accurately connected to the first fan module 330 and the secondary airflow interface 640 is accurately connected to the second fan module 340, so as to complete the final construction of the entire airflow circulation channel.

[0045] Working principle: To improve the thermal uniformity of the entire energy storage battery and prevent only the area near the solar panel from experiencing high temperatures, the heat from the energy storage battery rises during normal operation and eventually accumulates above the battery module 400. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the present invention uses the first fan module 330 and the second fan module 340 as power sources to draw the hot air above the battery module 400 downwards, and drive the airflow to flow through the top air cavity 930 and the fan module in sequence, so that the hot air converges in the bottom air cavity 910. At this time, the hot air passes upward through the vertical ventilation holes 311 and the plate through-slots 312 of the supporting panel 310 and enters the main housing 510 of the heat exchange module 500. Inside the main housing 510, the airflow is diverted by the diversion plate 530: such as Figure 4 As shown, the long guide plate 531 directs most of the airflow to the outer exhaust vent 512 to enhance heat exchange in the areas on both sides of the battery; the short guide plate 533 directs a small portion of the airflow to the inner exhaust vent 512 to meet the heat dissipation requirements in the middle of the battery. Through the differentiated distribution of large airflow on the outer side and small airflow on the inner side, the temperature difference between the middle and the sides of the battery module 400 can be balanced.

[0046] After completing the initial heat exchange, the airflow enters the lateral guide cavity 920 and moves upward. Part of the airflow is re-inhaled through the return air hole 513 at the top of the main box 510, and finally returns to the top air cavity 930 through the top ventilation hole 550 between the elastic clamps 540, forming a closed loop.

[0047] The controller 800 controls the on / off state of the heating plate 220 circuit based on the battery temperature monitored by the preset temperature sensor, so as to start heating in low temperature conditions and stop heating in high temperature conditions, and electrically controls the opening of the auxiliary docking valve 710 to introduce external cold air into the top air cavity 930, thereby further enhancing the cooling effect.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature resistant energy storage battery for new energy vehicles, characterized in that, include: A battery module (400) and a heat exchange module (500) are mounted on a battery support tray (300); wherein the battery module (400) is composed of multiple battery modules (410) arranged side by side; The heat exchange module (500) includes a main housing (510) disposed between adjacent battery modules (410) and a diverter plate (530) fixedly disposed at the bottom of the interior of the main housing (510). The battery carrier tray (300) includes a carrier panel (310) fitted inside the base housing (100) and a battery enclosure frame installed on top of the carrier panel (310). A bottom air cavity (910) is formed between the carrier panel (310) and the base housing (100), and the bottom of the main box (510) is connected to the bottom air cavity (910). The bottom of both sides of the main box (510) are provided with exhaust holes (512), and the exhaust holes (512) are connected to a lateral flow guide cavity (920) located on the side of the battery module (400) and vertically distributed. The diversion plate (530) includes a long guide plate (531) and a short guide plate (533) both fixed on the inner wall of the main box (510). When the airflow enters the main box (510) from the bottom air cavity (910), the diversion plate (530) asymmetrically diverts the airflow, so that the airflow is guided by the long guide plate (531) to the exhaust hole (512) located on the outside of the battery module (400), and guided by the short guide plate (533) to the exhaust hole (512) located on the inside of the battery module (400), thereby balancing the heat dissipation requirements of the middle and sides of the battery module.

2. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the main box (510) is an open structure, and air return holes (513) are opened on both sides of the top. Multiple sets of elastic clamping members (540) are provided inside the main box (510), and the interval between the elastic clamping members (540) forms a top ventilation hole (550). The airflow that is discharged from the exhaust hole (512) into the side guide cavity (920) is re-drawn in through the return air hole (513) and discharged upward through the top ventilation hole (550) to form a heat dissipation circulation path.

3. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic clamping member (540) includes two sets of symmetrically spaced inner clamping plates (541), with a fixing groove (543) formed between the inner clamping plates (541). The outer sides of the inner clamping plates (541) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main box body (510) through a V-shaped elastic support piece (542).

4. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bottom protection module (200), which includes a protective cover (210) embedded and installed in the base housing and a removable heating plate (220). The bottom end of the heating plate (220) is inserted into and fixed in the support clamp (230) at the bottom of the protective cover (210), and its top end passes through the bearing panel (310) and is elastically clamped and fixed by the fastener through the slot (543) to achieve positioning; the electrical connector (221) of the heating plate (220) is engaged with the wire clamp (250) on one side of the wire clamp (240) which is horizontally fixed inside the protective cover (210) to establish a circuit connection.

5. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery enclosure frame includes an outer horizontal plate (350), an inner horizontal plate (360), a longitudinal assembly plate (390), and a battery clamping frame (320). Among them, the outer horizontal plate (350) and the inner horizontal plate (360) are respectively located on the outer and inner sides of the top of the bearing panel (310). The two are connected by the longitudinal assembly plates (390) at both ends to form a rectangular frame. The rectangular frame is fixed to the bearing panel (310) by the positioning pin (391) vertically located on the bottom surface of the middle part of the longitudinal assembly plate (390) and multiple sets of support columns (313) vertically located on the bottom surface of the outer horizontal plate (350). The battery clamping frame (320) presses down on the multiple sets of battery modules (410), and its two ends are connected to the positioning pin (391) by bolts to achieve top constraint on the battery module.

6. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer horizontal plate (350) is bolted to the positioning block (130) on the base housing (100) via the fixed corner plate (354) on its top surface. The inner side of its bottom surface is provided with an inner folding plate (351), and the outer side of its bottom surface is provided with an outer folding plate (352). The outer end of the inner folding plate (351) is provided with a relief groove (353). The longitudinal assembly plate (390) extends into the relief groove (353) and is connected to the outer horizontal plate (350) via bolts. The longitudinal assembly plate (390) is provided with a lateral sealing plate (314) at its end. The lateral sealing plate (314), the outer transverse plate (350), and the inner wall of the base housing (100) together form a closed structure of the lateral flow guide cavity (920).

7. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the bearing panel (310) is provided with a flow guide strip (315) and an edge strip (316). The flow guide strip (315) and the edge strip (316) are attached to the inner wall of the protective cover (210) to seal and form a bottom air cavity (910).

8. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a top protective module (600) and a battery cover (700); The top protection module (600) includes a top dispersion plate (610) installed inside the battery cover (700). The top dispersion plate (610) has multiple sets of dispersion plate ventilation holes (611) on its surface to achieve uniform distribution of airflow in the top air cavity (930). The top dispersion plate (610) is symmetrically provided with top partitions (620). The top partitions (620) are attached to the inner wall of the battery cover (700) and connected by bolts, thereby forming a closed top air cavity (930) between the top dispersion plate (610) and the battery cover (700), ensuring that hot air / cold air covers the top of the battery module, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the upper and lower circulation, and avoiding excessively high or low top temperatures.

9. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top dispersion plate (610) is provided with a main airflow interface (630) and a secondary airflow interface (640) at both ends, which are used to connect with the first fan module (330) and the second fan module (340) installed at both ends of the battery support tray (300), thereby driving the airflow to circulate in the system.

10. The low-temperature resistant new energy vehicle energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery support tray (300) also includes an H-shaped frame (370) disposed between the two sets of support panels (310). The H-shaped frame (370) is used to connect the battery enclosure frames on both sides to improve the overall rigidity and to serve as a bundling position for the wire harness.

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