Energy storage system

Abstract

An energy storage system is provided. The energy storage system includes: a container having an accommodating space therein; the at least one battery rack is arranged in the accommodating space in the container, and the at least one battery rack is provided with a plurality of battery modules stacked on the at least one battery rack; an event detection device inside the container; at least one vent on an outer surface of the container; a nitrogen gas supply device for supplying nitrogen gas into the container; and a control unit electrically connected to the event detection device and the nitrogen supply device, the control unit driving the nitrogen supply device in response to the event detection device detecting the event.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments relate to an energy storage system (ESS). Background Technology

[0002] Unlike primary batteries, which are not designed for (re)charging, secondary (or rechargeable) batteries are designed to discharge and be recharged. Low-capacity secondary batteries are used in portable small electronic devices such as smartphones, feature phones, laptops, digital cameras, and camcorders, while high-capacity secondary batteries are widely used as power sources for driving motors in hybrid and electric vehicles, as well as for storing electricity (e.g., household and / or utility-scale power storage). A secondary battery typically includes an electrode assembly containing positive and negative electrodes, a housing that houses the electrode assembly, and electrode terminals connected to the electrode assembly.

[0003] The information disclosed above in this background section is intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute related (or prior art). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiment includes an energy storage system comprising: a container having a housing space therein; at least one battery rack having a plurality of battery modules stacked thereon in the housing space inside the container; an event detection device inside the container; at least one vent on the outer surface of the container; a nitrogen supply device for supplying nitrogen to the container; and a control unit electrically connected to the event detection device and the nitrogen supply device, the control unit activating the nitrogen supply device in response to the event detection device detecting an event.

[0005] The vent may include: a hinge, including a resilient member; and a vent cap, connected to the hinge.

[0006] At least one vent can open in response to an increase in the internal pressure of the container when the nitrogen supply device is activated.

[0007] If the vent is opened, the oxygen inside the container is released to the outside, and the oxygen concentration inside the container decreases.

[0008] The exhaust port can be closed via a flexible component in response to the nitrogen supply device stopping.

[0009] At least one vent can be installed on the upper outer surface of the container.

[0010] Event detection devices may include oxygen concentration meters.

[0011] The event detection device can detect a first event in which the oxygen concentration inside the container is equal to or greater than a first threshold, and the control unit drives the nitrogen supply device to supply nitrogen into the container in response to the event detection device detecting the first event.

[0012] The event detection device can detect a second event in which the oxygen concentration inside the container is equal to or lower than a second threshold, and the control unit can stop driving the nitrogen supply device in response to the event detection device detecting the second event after the nitrogen supply device is driven.

[0013] The oxygen concentration meter can be installed on the top plate of the container.

[0014] Event detection devices may include fire detection devices.

[0015] If the event detection device detects a fire inside the container, the control unit responds by activating the nitrogen supply device to supply nitrogen into the container.

[0016] The energy storage system may also include a fire extinguishing system that supplies fire extinguishing agent to the container, wherein the control unit drives the fire extinguishing system to supply fire extinguishing agent to the container in response to an event detection device detecting a fire event.

[0017] The fire suppression system may include: a fire extinguishing agent container for storing fire extinguishing agent; a main valve for opening and closing the fire extinguishing agent container; a main fire extinguishing pipe through which fire extinguishing agent is delivered from the fire extinguishing agent container; multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes branching from the main fire extinguishing pipe, the multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes supplying fire extinguishing agent to each battery module; and multiple fire extinguishing nozzles located at the positions of the corresponding battery modules in the multiple battery modules along the multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes, wherein the control unit opens the main valve in response to an event detection device detecting a fire event.

[0018] The nitrogen supply device may include: a nitrogen container for storing nitrogen; and a valve connected to the nitrogen container, the valve being opened and closed by a control unit.

[0019] The nitrogen supply device may further include: a main nitrogen pipe through which nitrogen is supplied from a nitrogen container; at least one branch nitrogen pipe branching from the main nitrogen pipe, the at least one branch nitrogen pipe supplying nitrogen; and at least one nitrogen nozzle disposed along the at least one branch nitrogen pipe.

[0020] At least one branch nitrogen pipe may be located on the top plate of the container.

[0021] At least one nitrogen nozzle can be positioned such that nitrogen is injected from the top to the bottom inside the container.

[0022] At least one nitrogen nozzle can be located at the center of the top plate of the container.

[0023] The nitrogen supply device may further include: a main nitrogen pipe through which nitrogen is delivered from a nitrogen container; a plurality of branch nitrogen pipes branching from the main nitrogen pipe and supplying nitrogen to each of at least one battery rack; and at least one nitrogen nozzle located at each of the at least one battery rack along the plurality of branch nitrogen pipes.

[0024] These and other aspects and features of this disclosure will be described in or will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of this disclosure.

[0025] However, the aspects and features of this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand other aspects and features not mentioned from the detailed description below. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description thereof, further describe aspects and features of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as limited to the drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram schematically illustrating an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the detailed structure of an exhaust port according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a diagram schematically illustrating an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a diagram schematically illustrating an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating another example of a nitrogen supply device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a diagram schematically illustrating an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a fire suppression system included in an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a perspective view showing examples of branch fire extinguishing pipes and fire extinguishing nozzles according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 9It shows the basis Figure 8 The embodiments shown include a perspective view of an example of a heat-sensitive material in a fire extinguishing nozzle.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a management method for an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a management method for an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terms or words used in this specification and claims are not to be construed as having a general or dictionary meaning, but should be interpreted as having meanings and concepts consistent with the technical concept of the present disclosure, based on the principle that the inventor, as his / her own lexicographer, can appropriately define the concepts of the terms to best describe his / her invention.

[0039] The embodiments described in this specification and the constructions shown in the accompanying drawings are merely some embodiments of this disclosure and do not represent all the technical spirit, aspects, and features of this disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may exist to replace or modify the embodiments described herein at the time of filing this application.

[0040] It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "connected to," or "bonded to" another element or layer, the element or layer may be directly on, directly connected to, or directly bonded to the other element or layer, or one or more intermediary elements or intermediary layers may be present. When an element or layer is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly bonded to" another element or layer, no intermediary element or intermediary layer is present. For example, when a first element is described as being "bonded" or "connected" to a second element, the first element may be directly bonded to or directly connected to the second element, or the first element may be indirectly bonded to or indirectly connected to the second element via one or more intermediary elements.

[0041] In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions of various elements, layers, etc., may be exaggerated for clarity. The same reference numerals denote the same elements. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Furthermore, in describing embodiments of this disclosure, the use of "may" refers to "one or more embodiments of this disclosure." Expressions such as "at least one of..." and "any one of..." modify the entire column of elements when following a list of elements, without modifying individual elements within that column. When phrases such as "at least one of A, B, and C," "at least one of A, B, or C," "at least one selected from the group of A, B, and C," or "at least one selected from A, B, and C" are used to specify a column of elements A, B, and C, the phrase may refer to any suitable combination or subset of A, B, and C, and all suitable combinations or subsets, such as A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C. As used herein, the term "use" and its variations may be considered synonymous with the term "utilize" and its variations, respectively. As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than as terms of degree, and are intended to explain the inherent variations in measured or calculated values ​​that will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0042] It will be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or portion from another element, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, first component, first region, first layer, or first portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, second component, second region, second layer, or second portion.

[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element(s) as shown in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that, in addition to the orientations depicted in the drawings, the spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” other elements or features will subsequently be oriented “above” or “above” said other elements or features. Thus, the term “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0044] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this disclosure and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “an” are also intended to include the plural forms. It will also be understood that when the terms “comprising,” “including,” and / or variations thereof are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0045] Furthermore, any numerical range disclosed and / or described herein is intended to include all subranges containing the same numerical precision within the described range. For example, the range “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include all subranges between the described minimum value of 1.0 and the described maximum value of 10.0 (and includes both the described minimum value of 1.0 and the described maximum value of 10.0), i.e., having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit described herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits contained therein, and any minimum numerical limit described in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limits contained therein. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification and the claims to expressly describe any subranges contained within the range expressly described herein.

[0046] Referring to two compared elements, features, etc., as “identical” can mean that they are “substantially identical.” Therefore, the phrase “substantially identical” can include cases with deviations considered low in the art (e.g., 5% or less). Furthermore, when a parameter is said to be uniform in a given region, it can mean that it is uniform in terms of average value.

[0047] Throughout this specification, unless otherwise stated, each element may be a single element or a plurality of elements.

[0048] Arranging any element "above (or below)" or "on (below)" another element can mean that the arbitrary element can be positioned to contact the upper (or lower) surface of the other element, and other elements can also be positioned between the other element and the arbitrary element positioned on (or below) the other element.

[0049] Furthermore, it will be understood that when a component is referred to as “linked,” “combined,” or “connected” to another component, these components can be directly “combined,” “linked,” or “connected” to each other, or another component can be “placed” between these components.

[0050] Throughout this specification, when “A and / or B” is stated, it means A, B, or A and B, unless otherwise stated. That is, “and / or” includes any or all combinations of the listed items. When “C to D” is stated, it means C or greater and D or less, unless otherwise stated.

[0051] In this disclosure, for clarity of explanation, the dimensions and relative dimensions of the layers and regions shown in the accompanying drawings may be exaggerated. That is, the dimensions shown in the drawings are for ease of understanding only and are not limiting. Furthermore, throughout the specification, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy storage system 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The energy storage system 100 may include: a container 110 having a housing space therein; at least one battery rack 120 disposed in the housing space inside the container 110 and having a plurality of battery modules 122 stacked on the battery rack 120; an event detection device 130 installed inside the container 110; at least one vent 160 installed on the outer surface of the container 110; a nitrogen supply device 150 for supplying nitrogen to the container 110; and a control unit 140 electrically connected to the event detection device 130 and the nitrogen supply device 150, and activating the nitrogen supply device 150 in response to the event detection device 130 detecting an event.

[0053] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the battery rack 120 may include at least one battery module 122 and a receiving space for accommodating the at least one battery module 122. The battery module 122 may include a plurality of battery cells and a module housing. The battery cells may be stacked and housed within the module housing. Each battery cell may include a positive lead and a negative lead. Depending on the battery shape, the battery cell may be circular, square, or pouch-shaped.

[0054] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, in the battery rack 120, individual stacks of stacked cells can replace battery modules 122 to form a module. The stacked cells can be accommodated in a receiving space inside the rack housing or in a receiving space divided by frames, separators, etc.

[0055] Battery cells generate a significant amount of heat during charging and discharging. This heat accumulates within the battery cells, accelerating their degradation. Therefore, the battery rack 120 may also include a cooling component to suppress battery cell degradation. The cooling component is located at the bottom of the housing space containing the battery cells, but may also be located at the top or side surface of the housing space, depending on the battery rack 120.

[0056] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, one or more battery cells constituting each battery module 122 are capable of venting exhaust gases inside the battery cell caused by abnormal operating conditions (also known as thermal runaway or thermal events) to the outside of the battery cell. Therefore, the battery rack 120 or battery module 122 may be provided with exhaust ports or the like for venting exhaust gases to prevent exhaust gases from damaging the battery rack 120 or battery module 122.

[0057] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the battery rack 120 may include a battery management system (BMS) for managing individual battery cells and battery modules 122. The battery management system may include a module BMS integrated with the battery modules 122 to manage the battery modules 122 and a rack BMS integrated with the battery rack 120 to manage the battery rack 120.

[0058] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the battery management system may include a detection device, a balancing device, and a control device. A battery module 122 may include multiple cells connected in series or parallel with each other. Battery modules 122 may be connected in series or parallel with each other. The detection device can detect state information indicating the state of the battery by detecting the battery's state (voltage, current, temperature, etc.). The detection device can detect the voltage of each cell constituting the battery or each battery module 122. The detection device can also detect the current flowing through the battery module 122 or each battery module 122 included in the battery rack 120. The detection device can also detect the temperature of the cells and / or battery module 122 at one or more points in the battery and / or the ambient temperature.

[0059] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the balancing device can perform balancing operations on the battery module 122 and / or individual cells constituting the battery. The control device can receive state information (voltage, current, temperature, etc.) of the battery module 122 from the detection device. The control device can monitor and calculate the state of the battery module 122 (voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), etc.) based on the state information received from the detection device. Furthermore, the control device can perform control functions (e.g., temperature control, balancing control, charge / discharge control, etc.) and protection functions (e.g., over-discharge protection, overcharge protection, overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, fire suppression, etc.) based on the state monitoring results. Additionally, the control device can perform wired or wireless communication functions with external devices (e.g., a host controller or PCS (Power Conversion System)) of the battery rack 120.

[0060] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the control device can also control the charging and discharging operations of the battery, as well as protection operations. For this purpose, the control device may include a charge / discharge control unit, a balance control unit, and a protection unit.

[0061] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a battery management system that monitors battery status and performs diagnostic and control functions, communication functions, and protection functions can calculate charge and discharge states and battery life or state of health (SOH), disconnect battery power when necessary (e.g., relay control), control thermal management (cooling, heating, etc.), perform high-voltage interlock functions, and detect or calculate insulation and short-circuit states.

[0062] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the event detection device 130 may be mounted on the top plate of the container 110. For example, the event detection device 130 may be mounted at the center of the top plate of the container 110, or it may be mounted on the top plate of the container 110 at a predetermined distance from the vent 160. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the event detection device 130 may include an oxygen concentration meter or an oxygen concentration indicator. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the event detection device 130 may include a fire detection device.

[0063] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control unit 140 and the nitrogen supply device 150 can be installed outside the container 110, but can alternatively be installed inside the container 110. According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the control unit 140 can be installed inside the container 110, and the nitrogen supply device 150 can be installed outside the container 110. The locations for installing the control unit 140 and the nitrogen supply device 150 are varied. In the following, in... Figure 3 A detailed embodiment of the nitrogen supply device 150 is shown in the figure.

[0064] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an exhaust port 160 may be installed on the outer surface (e.g., the outer side surface) of the container 110 to discharge gas present in the containment space inside the container 110 to the outside. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an opening may be formed in the outer surface of the container 110, a support for the exhaust port 160 may be installed in the opening, and then the exhaust port 160 may be installed.

[0065] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vent 160 may open in response to an increase in the internal pressure of the container 110 when the nitrogen supply device 150 is activated. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, when the vent 160 is open, oxygen inside the container 110 can be released to the outside, thereby reducing the oxygen concentration inside the container 110. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vent 160 may close in response to a decrease in the internal pressure of the container 110 caused by the nitrogen supply device 150 ceasing to supply nitrogen. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vent 160 may be mounted on the upper outer surface of the container 110 (e.g., the upper outer side surface). Reference will be made below. Figure 2 Describe the detailed structure of exhaust port 160.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the detailed structure of an exhaust port 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The vent 200 may include a support 210 having an opening therein, a hinge 230 including an elastic member, and a vent cap 240 connected to the hinge 230. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vent 200 may further include a sealing filler material 220 installed between the support 210 having an opening therein and the hinge 230.

[0067] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the exhaust port 200 may be a passive exhaust port that opens due to gas pressure exceeding a certain level. The passive exhaust port may be configured to open and release gas from the internal space when the pressure inside the structure with the exhaust port exceeds a certain value. Furthermore, the passive exhaust port may close when the pressure inside the structure with the exhaust port falls below a certain value.

[0068] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the support member 210 with an opening can be arranged along the edge of the opening in the structure where the vent 200 is mounted, such that the sealing filler material 220, the hinge 230, and the vent cap 240 can be installed. The opening can be formed in various shapes such as circular or square. The support member 210 can be formed in various shapes such as circular or square, regardless of the shape of the opening. The opening can be formed to be smaller than the size of the support member 210.

[0069] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the sealing filler material 220 may be mounted on the support member 210 in which an opening is formed, to effectively block the inflow and outflow of gas when the exhaust port 200 is closed. The sealing filler material 220 may be mounted on the support member 210 in which an opening is formed via an O-ring or the like. According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the sealing filler material 220 may include at least one filler selected from rubber, silicone resin, heat-resistant materials, pressure-resistant materials, etc.

[0070] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, hinge 230 may be connected to vent cap 240 to control the inflow and outflow of gas by opening or closing vent cap 240. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, hinge 230 may be coupled to support member 210 in which openings are formed or to sealing filler material 220 mounted on support member 210. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, hinge 230 may be formed of an elastic member such as a spring, and vent 200 may be closed by the elastic member.

[0071] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the vent cap 240 may be connected to the hinge 230 to close the opening. Figure 2 In this context, direction A refers to the direction from which the exhaust port 200 is viewed from inside the structure where it is mounted, and direction B refers to the direction from which the exhaust port 200 is viewed from outside the structure where it is mounted. Referring to example 250 of the exhaust port 200 viewed from direction A, the opening is formed to be smaller than the exhaust port cover 240, such that the exhaust port cover 240 can be configured to completely cover the opening of the support member 210. Referring to example 260 of the exhaust port 200 viewed from direction B, the support member 210 is formed to be the same size as or smaller than the exhaust port cover 240, such that the exhaust port cover 240 can be configured to completely cover the support member 210.

[0072] The exhaust port 200 may also include a filter layer made of activated carbon or the like between the support member 210 and the exhaust port cover 240. The filter layer can effectively block toxic gases generated inside the structure where the exhaust port 200 is installed.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy storage system 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 The battery rack 120 and battery module 122 of the energy storage system 100 shown can have the same characteristics as... Figure 1 The battery rack 120 and battery module 122 of the energy storage system 100 shown have the same / similar structure, therefore, their detailed description is omitted.

[0074] Still refer to Figure 3The energy storage system 100 may include: a container 110 having a housing space therein; at least one battery rack 120 disposed in the housing space inside the container 110 and having a plurality of battery modules 122 stacked on the battery rack 120; an oxygen concentration meter 330 installed inside the container 110; at least one vent 160 installed on the outer surface of the container 110; a nitrogen supply device 300 including a nitrogen container 310 and a valve 320 for supplying nitrogen to the container 110; and a control unit 140 electrically connected to the oxygen concentration meter 330 and the nitrogen supply device 300 and actuating the nitrogen supply device 300 in response to an event detected by the oxygen concentration meter 330.

[0075] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the oxygen concentration meter 330 may be mounted on the top plate of the container 110. For example, the oxygen concentration meter 330 may be mounted at the center of the top plate of the container 110, or it may be mounted on the top plate of the container 110 at a predetermined distance from the exhaust port 160.

[0076] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, at least one exhaust port 160 may be connected to... Figure 2 The exhaust port 200 is the same as that in the embodiment shown. The exhaust port 160 may be installed on the upper outer surface of the container 110 (e.g., the upper outer side surface).

[0077] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 300 may include a nitrogen container 310 and a valve 320 associated with the nitrogen container 310, the valve 320 being opened and closed by a control unit 140.

[0078] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, control unit 140 may activate nitrogen supply device 300 in response to oxygen concentration meter 330 detecting a first event in which the oxygen concentration inside container 110 is equal to or greater than a predetermined first threshold (e.g., 10%). In this case, nitrogen may be supplied to container 110. For example, control unit 140 may activate nitrogen supply device 300 by opening valve 320 of nitrogen supply device. Valve 320 may be an electronically operated valve, such as a solenoid valve, based on commands from control unit 140. Opening valve 320 allows nitrogen stored in nitrogen container 310 to be supplied to container 110. Exhaust port 160 may open in response to an increase in internal pressure of container 110 due to nitrogen supply. When exhaust port 160 is open, oxygen inside container 110 rises as relatively heavier nitrogen is supplied and can be discharged to the outside through exhaust port 160. Therefore, the oxygen concentration inside container 110 may be reduced.

[0079] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, control unit 140 may stop driving nitrogen supply device 300 in response to oxygen concentration meter 330 detecting a second event, thereby stopping the supply of nitrogen to container 110, in which the oxygen concentration inside container 110 is equal to or lower than a predetermined second threshold (e.g., 5%). Exhaust port 160 may close in response to nitrogen supply device 300 stopping. For example, exhaust port 160 may close after nitrogen supply device 300 stops.

[0080] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 300 may be installed outside the container 110 and electrically connected to each of the control units 140 installed in the plurality of containers 110. According to the embodiments disclosed in this disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 300 may supply nitrogen to the plurality of containers 110 individually based on signals received from each control unit 140.

[0081] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, by using a nitrogen supply device 300 to maintain the oxygen concentration inside the energy storage system 100 below a certain value, oxidation of multiple metal components included inside the energy storage system 100 is suppressed, thereby extending the lifespan of the energy storage system 100, and specifically, preventing quality deterioration caused by rust or the like in terminal components.

[0082] Furthermore, according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, instead of heating devices, ventilation devices, and air conditioning (HVAC) devices, the manufacturing cost of the energy storage system can be reduced by using a nitrogen supply device 300.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy storage system 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The battery rack 120 and battery module 122 of the energy storage system 100 shown can have the same characteristics as... Figure 1 The battery rack 120 and battery module 122 of the energy storage system 100 shown have the same / similar structure, therefore, their detailed description is omitted.

[0084] Still refer to Figure 4 The energy storage system 100 may include: a container 110 having a housing space therein; at least one battery rack 120 disposed in the housing space inside the container 110 and having a plurality of battery modules 122 stacked in the battery rack 120; an oxygen concentration meter 330 installed inside the container 110; at least one vent 160 installed on the outer surface of the container 110; a nitrogen supply device 400 for supplying nitrogen to the container 110; and a control unit 140 electrically connected to the oxygen concentration meter 330 and the nitrogen supply device 400 and activating the nitrogen supply device 400 in response to an event detected by the oxygen concentration meter 330.

[0085] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the oxygen concentration meter 330 may be mounted on the top plate of the container 110. For example, the oxygen concentration meter 330 may be mounted at the center of the top plate of the container 110, or it may be mounted on the top plate of the container 110 at a predetermined distance from the exhaust port 160.

[0086] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, at least one exhaust port 160 may be based on... Figure 2 The exhaust port 200 of the embodiment shown. The exhaust port 160 can be installed on the upper outer surface of the container 110 (e.g., the upper outer side surface).

[0087] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the control unit 140 and the nitrogen supply device 400 can be installed inside the container 110, but can alternatively be installed outside the container 110. According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the control unit 140 can be installed inside the container 110, and the nitrogen supply device 400 can be installed outside the container 110. The locations for installing the control unit 140 and the nitrogen supply device 400 are varied.

[0088] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a nitrogen supply device 400 may include: a nitrogen container 310; a valve 320 coupled to the nitrogen container 310, the valve 320 being opened and closed by a control unit 140; a main nitrogen pipe 410 through which nitrogen is supplied from the nitrogen container 310; at least one branch nitrogen pipe 420 branching from the main nitrogen pipe 410 and supplying nitrogen; and at least one nitrogen nozzle 430 formed along at least one branch nitrogen pipe 420.

[0089] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, at least one branch nitrogen pipe 420 may be mounted on the top plate of container 110.

[0090] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, at least one nitrogen nozzle 430 may be mounted on the top plate of container 110. For example, at least one nitrogen nozzle 430 may be mounted at the center of the top plate of container 110, or may be mounted on the top plate of container 110 at a predetermined distance from the exhaust port 160.

[0091] In one or more embodiments of this disclosure, at least one nitrogen nozzle 430 may be positioned such that nitrogen is injected from the top to the bottom inside the container.

[0092] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, control unit 140 may activate nitrogen supply device 400 in response to oxygen concentration meter 330 detecting a first event in which the oxygen concentration inside container 110 is equal to or greater than a predetermined first threshold (e.g., 10%). In this case, nitrogen may be supplied to container 110. For example, control unit 140 may activate nitrogen supply device 300 by opening valve 320 of nitrogen supply device. Valve 320 may be an electronically operated valve, such as a solenoid valve, according to a command from control unit 140. For example, when valve 320 is opened, nitrogen stored in nitrogen container 310 may move to main nitrogen pipe 410 and at least one branch nitrogen pipe 420, and flow from at least one nitrogen nozzle 430 along... Figure 4 The arrows shown indicate that nitrogen is injected from top to bottom inside the container. Nitrogen can be supplied to container 110 as described above. Exhaust port 160 can open in response to an increase in internal pressure of container 110 due to the nitrogen supply. When exhaust port 160 opens, as the relatively heavy nitrogen is injected from the top to the bottom of container 110, oxygen inside container 110 can rise rapidly and be discharged to the outside through exhaust port 160. Therefore, the oxygen concentration inside container 110 can be effectively reduced.

[0093] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, control unit 140 may stop driving nitrogen supply device 400 in response to oxygen concentration meter 330 detecting a second event, thereby stopping the supply of nitrogen to container 110, in which the oxygen concentration inside container 110 is equal to or lower than a predetermined second threshold (e.g., 5%). Exhaust port 160 may close in response to the nitrogen supply device 400 stopping. For example, exhaust port 160 may close after nitrogen supply device 400 stops.

[0094] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a nitrogen supply device 400 may be installed outside the container 110 and electrically connected to each of the control units 140 installed in the plurality of containers 110. According to the embodiments disclosed in this disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 400 may supply nitrogen to the plurality of containers 110 individually based on signals received from the respective control units 140.

[0095] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, by using a nitrogen supply device 400 to maintain the oxygen concentration inside the energy storage system 100 below a certain value, oxidation of multiple metal components included inside the energy storage system 100 is suppressed, thereby extending the lifespan of the energy storage system 100, and specifically, preventing quality deterioration caused by rust or the like in terminal components.

[0096] Furthermore, according to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, instead of heating devices, ventilation devices, and air conditioning (HVAC) devices, the manufacturing cost of the energy storage system can be reduced by using a nitrogen supply device 400.

[0097] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating another example of a nitrogen supply device 500 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 5 An energy storage system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a nitrogen supply device 500, comprising: a nitrogen container 310; a valve 320 coupled to the nitrogen container 310; a main nitrogen pipe 510 through which nitrogen is supplied from the nitrogen container 310; a plurality of branch nitrogen pipes 520 branching from the main nitrogen pipe 510 and supplying nitrogen to at least one battery rack 120 in which a plurality of battery modules 122 are stacked; and at least one nitrogen nozzle 530 formed along the plurality of branch nitrogen pipes 520 at a position corresponding to each battery rack 120. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of branch nitrogen pipes 520 and the at least one nitrogen nozzle 530 are connected to the upper region of each battery rack 120, such that nitrogen can be injected from the upper interior to the lower interior of the energy storage system. Therefore, oxygen, which is a gas relatively lighter than nitrogen, rises rapidly and is discharged through an exhaust port installed on the outer surface of the energy storage system (e.g., the upper outer side of the container), thus effectively reducing the oxygen concentration inside the energy storage system.

[0098] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy storage system 600 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6 The battery rack 620 and battery module 622 of the energy storage system 600 shown can have the same characteristics as... Figure 1 The battery rack 120 and battery module 122 of the energy storage system 100 shown have the same / similar structure, therefore, their detailed description is omitted.

[0099] Continue to refer to Figure 6 The energy storage system 600 may include: a container 610 having a housing space therein; at least one battery rack 620 disposed in the housing space inside the container 610 and having a plurality of battery modules 622 stacked thereon; a fire detection device 640 installed inside the container 610; at least one vent 680 installed on the outer surface of the container 610; a nitrogen supply device 660 for supplying nitrogen to the container 610; a fire extinguishing system 670 for supplying extinguishing agent to the container 610; and a control unit 650 electrically connected to the fire detection device 640, the nitrogen supply device 660 and the fire extinguishing system 670, and activating the nitrogen supply device 660 and the fire extinguishing system 670 in response to the fire detection device 640 detecting an event.

[0100] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the fire detection device 640 can detect fire events inside the container 610 (e.g., degradation, thermal runaway, opening of vents in individual battery cells, etc.). The fire detection device 640 may include a smoke detection sensor, a thermometer (e.g., a temperature sensor), a pressure detection sensor for detecting the opening of vents in individual battery cells, an airflow detection sensor, etc.

[0101] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, at least one exhaust port 680 may be based on... Figure 2 The embodiment shown has an exhaust port 200. The exhaust port 680 can be mounted on the upper outer surface of the container 610 (e.g., the upper outer side surface).

[0102] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 660 may be based on... Figures 3 to 5 Nitrogen supply device 660 is any one of the nitrogen supply devices shown. According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, in response to a fire detection device 640 detecting a fire event, control unit 650 can drive nitrogen supply device 660 to supply nitrogen to container 610.

[0103] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, in response to a fire detection device 640 detecting a fire event, a control unit 650 may drive a fire extinguishing system 670 to supply extinguishing agent to a container 610.

[0104] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the control unit 650, the nitrogen supply device 660, and the fire extinguishing system 670 may be installed outside the container 610. However, the location where the control unit 650, the nitrogen supply device 660, and the fire extinguishing system 670 are installed may vary. For example, the control unit 650, the nitrogen supply device 660, and the fire extinguishing system 670 may be installed inside the container 610.

[0105] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 660 and the fire extinguishing system 670 may be installed externally to the container 610 and electrically connected to each of the control units 650 installed in the plurality of containers 610. According to the embodiments disclosed in this disclosure, the nitrogen supply device 660 and the fire extinguishing system 670 may individually supply nitrogen and extinguishing agent to the plurality of containers 610 based on signals received from each control unit 650. In other embodiments, the plurality of containers may share a single control unit 650.

[0106] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, battery module 622 may include module BMS 624, battery rack 620 may include rack BMS 626, and energy storage system 600 may further include system BMS 630 controlling all rack BMS 626 within container 610. When the vent of a battery cell opens due to degradation, thermal runaway, or other reasons of each battery cell in battery module 622, module BMS 624 can detect this situation and transmit a signal regarding a fire event to rack BMS 626. System BMS 630 can receive signals regarding fire events from each rack BMS 626 and transmit a signal to fire detection device 640 to detect the fire event.

[0107] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a system BMS 630 or a fire detection device 640 can be used to quickly detect fires inside the energy storage system 600, thereby shortening the fire response time.

[0108] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, by operating the fire extinguishing system 670 together with the nitrogen supply device 660, the oxygen concentration can be suppressed below a certain value while extinguishing the fire, thereby effectively preventing thermal runaway of the battery cells inside the energy storage system 600 and the resulting secondary accidents.

[0109] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a fire suppression system 700 included in an energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 7 The fire extinguishing system 700 may include: an extinguishing agent container 710 for storing extinguishing agent; a main valve 720 for opening and closing the extinguishing agent container 710; a main extinguishing pipe 730 through which extinguishing agent is delivered from the extinguishing agent container 710; a plurality of branch extinguishing pipes 740 that branch from the main extinguishing pipe 730 and supply extinguishing agent to each battery module 622 within the battery rack 620; and a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 750 formed along the plurality of branch extinguishing pipes 740 at positions corresponding to the battery modules 622 respectively.

[0110] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the fire extinguishing system 700 may be Figure 6 The fire extinguishing system 670 shown can be... Figure 6 The control unit 650 shown is used for control. Here, in response to Figure 6 The fire detection device 640 shown detects a fire event, and the control unit 650 can open the main valve 720 of the fire extinguishing system 700.

[0111] Figure 7 The fire extinguishing system 700 shown can be used with Figure 5 The nitrogen supply device 500 shown is installed together inside and / or outside the energy storage system.

[0112] Figure 8 This is a perspective view illustrating examples of branch fire extinguishing pipes and fire extinguishing nozzles according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 8 The main fire extinguishing pipe 830, multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes 840, and multiple fire extinguishing nozzles 850 shown can respectively correspond to Figure 7 The diagram shows a main fire extinguishing pipe 830, multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes 740, and multiple fire extinguishing nozzles 750. Here, the main fire extinguishing pipe 830 extending from the extinguishing agent container 710 can branch into multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes 840, and these branch pipes are connected to or disposed on the upper part of the battery rack 810. The multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes 840 can be disposed on top of each battery module 820 housed within the battery rack 810.

[0113] B is an enlarged perspective view showing the bottom surface of the branch fire extinguishing pipe 840 and the fire extinguishing nozzle 850. Referring to B, a plurality of fire extinguishing nozzles 850 may be formed in the branch fire extinguishing pipe 840. According to one embodiment, the fire extinguishing nozzles 850 may be formed along the branch fire extinguishing pipe 840 at corresponding positions on the upper side of each battery module 820.

[0114] Figure 9 It shows the basis Figure 8 The embodiment shown includes a perspective view of an example of a heat-sensitive material in a fire extinguishing nozzle 920. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 An enlarged perspective view of region C shows a portion of the bottom surface of the branch fire extinguishing pipe 910. A fire extinguishing nozzle 920 may be formed in the branch fire extinguishing pipe 910. In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing nozzle 920 may include a heat-sensitive material 922. The heat-sensitive material 922 may be formed on one side of the fire extinguishing nozzle 920 in the direction in which the extinguishing agent is ejected from the fire extinguishing nozzle 920 (e.g., in the direction of gravity). Figure 9 In the diagram, the fire extinguishing nozzle is shown as having a roughly hexahedral shape, but the shape of the fire extinguishing nozzle 920 can be appropriately changed to a polyhedral shape, a spherical shape, a hemispherical shape, etc. Therefore, the shape of the heat-sensitive material 922 can also be appropriately changed according to the shape of the fire extinguishing nozzle 920. The heat-sensitive material 922 can be formed in the direction in which the extinguishing agent is sprayed from the fire extinguishing nozzle 920.

[0115] The thermistor material 922 can melt at temperatures above a predetermined threshold. For example, the critical melting temperature of the thermistor material 922 can be in the range of 80 degrees Celsius to 250 degrees Celsius. Therefore, when a fire occurs in a battery cell within the battery module, the thermistor material 922 can melt due to heat or flames emitted through the vent of the battery cell.

[0116] The material of the thermistor 922 can be determined by considering the temperature rise within the battery module in the event of a fire in a single battery cell. Thermistor 922 can be made from resin materials such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or polypropylene (PP), but other types of thermistors are also possible.

[0117] The heat-sensitive material 922 can be shaped to surround the injection hole 924 formed in the branch fire extinguishing pipe 910. In this case, the heat-sensitive material 922 normally blocks the injection hole 924, but when a fire occurs, the heat-sensitive material 922 melts due to heat, thereby allowing the injection hole 924 to open. When the injection hole 924 opens, the pressure in the corresponding part decreases, allowing the extinguishing agent delivered to the branch fire extinguishing pipe 910 according to the pressure gradient to be sprayed through the injection hole 924. The extinguishing agent can be sprayed directly onto the top of the burning battery module through the injection hole 924.

[0118] exist Figure 9 In this diagram, the heat-sensitive material 922 is shown surrounding the injection hole 924 in an area wider than the injection hole 924, but the shape of the heat-sensitive material 922 can vary. For example, the heat-sensitive material 922 can be formed in a shape corresponding to the diameter of the injection hole 924. Furthermore, the number of injection holes 924 formed in the branch fire extinguishing pipe 910 can be two or more, and the size, position, and arrangement of the injection holes 924 can also be appropriately changed.

[0119] The heat-sensitive material 922 can be formed from a material and / or thickness capable of withstanding the injection pressure of the extinguishing agent. Furthermore, by controlling the shape, material, thickness, etc., of the heat-sensitive material 922, the opening time of the injection orifice 924 can be controlled.

[0120] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a management method for an energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Here, the energy storage system can be any of the energy storage systems disclosed according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 10 First, the event detection device can detect a first event (S1010). Here, the first event can be an event in which the oxygen concentration inside the container is a first threshold (e.g., 10%) or greater.

[0121] In response to the detection of the first event, the control unit can activate the nitrogen supply device (S1020). Thereafter, the exhaust port opens, allowing oxygen inside the container to be released to the outside (S1030).

[0122] As oxygen is released to the outside, the event detection device can detect a second event (S1040). Here, the second event can be an event in which the oxygen concentration inside the container exceeds a second threshold (e.g., 5%). In response to the detection of the second event, the control unit can stop driving the nitrogen supply device (S1050). Finally, the exhaust port can be closed by a resilient member (S1060).

[0123] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a management method for an energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Here, the energy storage system can be any of the energy storage systems disclosed according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 11 First, the event detection device can detect a fire event (S1110). In response to the detection of a fire event, the control unit can activate the nitrogen supply device and the fire extinguishing system (S1120). Subsequently, the vent opens, allowing oxygen inside the container to be released to the outside (S1130). Finally, the vent closes through a resilient member (S1140).

[0124] In energy storage systems constructed by connecting stacked racks containing multiple secondary batteries, thermal runaway can occur when a fire breaks out due to battery deterioration or overheating, leading to a chain reaction of fires that cannot be extinguished with conventional firefighting equipment. Furthermore, because energy storage systems contain numerous metal components, oxidation of these components makes it difficult to control the overall quality of the system. These issues reduce the safety and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0125] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an energy storage system that includes a system capable of extending the lifespan of components included in the energy storage system and effectively preventing and extinguishing fires that occur in the energy storage system.

[0126] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, by using a nitrogen supply device to maintain the oxygen concentration inside the energy storage system below a certain value, the oxidation of multiple metal components included inside the energy storage system is suppressed, thereby extending the life of the energy storage system, and specifically, preventing quality deterioration due to rust or the like in terminal components.

[0127] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the manufacturing cost of an energy storage system can be reduced by using a nitrogen supply device instead of a heating device, a ventilation device, or an air conditioning (HVAC) device.

[0128] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a fire detection device can be used to quickly detect fires inside an energy storage system, thereby shortening the fire response time.

[0129] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, by operating the nitrogen supply device together with the fire extinguishing system, the oxygen concentration can be suppressed to a certain value while extinguishing the fire, thereby effectively preventing thermal runaway of the battery cells inside the energy storage system and the resulting secondary accidents.

[0130] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a fire extinguishing agent can be delivered to any battery module included in an energy storage system. Furthermore, since branch fire extinguishing pipes are connected to the upper region of each battery module, fire extinguishing agent can be supplied to all battery modules even when multiple battery modules are arranged adjacently in the front-to-back, left-to-right, and / or vertical directions. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent can be concentratedly sprayed onto battery modules exhibiting abnormal behavior (e.g., vent gas emission, sudden ignition, etc.).

[0131] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, a branch nitrogen pipe is connected to the upper region of each of the energy storage system and the battery rack, allowing nitrogen to be injected from the upper side of the energy storage system to the lower side. Therefore, oxygen, being a gas relatively lighter than nitrogen, rises rapidly and is discharged through an exhaust port mounted on the outer surface of the energy storage system, effectively reducing the oxygen concentration inside the energy storage system.

[0132] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings illustrating various aspects thereof, this disclosure is not limited thereto. Various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical spirit and claims and their equivalents of this disclosure.

[0133] Example embodiments have been disclosed herein. Although specific terminology has been used, they are used and interpreted in a general descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. In some instances, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with specific embodiments may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with other embodiments at the time of filing this application, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising: A container having a holding space; At least one battery rack, in the receiving space inside the container, the at least one battery rack having a plurality of battery modules stacked thereon; An event detection device is located inside the container; At least one vent is located on the outer surface of the container; A nitrogen supply device supplies nitrogen gas into the container; as well as A control unit is electrically connected to the event detection device and the nitrogen supply device, and the control unit drives the nitrogen supply device in response to the event detection device detecting an event.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The exhaust port includes: Hinges, including elastic members; and An exhaust port cover is attached to the hinge.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The at least one exhaust port opens in response to an increase in the internal pressure of the container when the nitrogen supply device is activated.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, If the vent is opened, the oxygen inside the container is released to the outside, and the oxygen concentration inside the container decreases.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The exhaust port is closed by the elastic member in response to the nitrogen supply device stopping.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one vent is mounted on the upper outer surface of the container.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The event detection device includes an oxygen concentration meter.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein: The event detection device detects a first event in which the oxygen concentration inside the container is equal to or greater than a first threshold, and The control unit, in response to the event detection device detecting the first event, drives the nitrogen supply device to supply nitrogen to the container.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein: The event detection device detects a second event where the oxygen concentration inside the container is equal to or lower than a second threshold, and The control unit stops driving the nitrogen supply device after the nitrogen supply device is driven, in response to the event detection device detecting the second event.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein, The oxygen concentration meter is mounted on the top plate of the container.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The event detection device includes a fire detection device.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 11, wherein, If the event detection device detects a fire inside the container, the control unit responds by driving the nitrogen supply device to supply nitrogen into the container.

13. The energy storage system according to claim 12, further comprising a fire extinguishing system for supplying fire extinguishing agent to the container, wherein, The control unit, in response to the event detection device detecting the fire event, drives the fire extinguishing system to supply the extinguishing agent to the container.

14. The energy storage system according to claim 13, wherein, The fire extinguishing system includes: Fire extinguishing agent container for storing the fire extinguishing agent; The main valve is used to open and close the extinguishing agent container; The main extinguishing pipe through which the extinguishing agent is delivered from the extinguishing agent container; Multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes, branching from the main fire extinguishing pipe, supply the extinguishing agent to each battery module; and Multiple fire extinguishing nozzles are positioned along the multiple branch fire extinguishing pipes at the locations of corresponding battery modules within the multiple battery modules. The control unit opens the main valve in response to the event detection device detecting the fire event.

15. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The nitrogen supply device includes: Nitrogen containers for storing nitrogen; and A valve, connected to the nitrogen container, is opened and closed by the control unit.

16. The energy storage system according to claim 15, wherein, The nitrogen supply device also includes: A main nitrogen pipe through which nitrogen is supplied from the nitrogen container; At least one branch nitrogen pipe, branching from the main nitrogen pipe, the at least one branch nitrogen pipe supplying nitrogen; and At least one nitrogen nozzle is provided along the at least one branch nitrogen pipe.

17. The energy storage system according to claim 16, wherein, The at least one branch nitrogen pipe is located on the top plate of the container.

18. The energy storage system according to claim 16, wherein, The at least one nitrogen nozzle is positioned such that nitrogen is injected from the top to the bottom inside the container.

19. The energy storage system according to claim 18, wherein, The at least one nitrogen nozzle is located at the center of the top plate of the container.

20. The energy storage system according to claim 15, wherein, The nitrogen supply device also includes: A main nitrogen pipe through which nitrogen is supplied from the nitrogen container; Multiple branch nitrogen pipes branch off from the main nitrogen pipe and supply nitrogen to each of the at least one battery rack; and At least one nitrogen nozzle is located at each of the at least one battery rack along the plurality of branch nitrogen pipes.

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