Semi-cut battery piece testing and sorting method and device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a half-cut battery piece testing and sorting method and device. The half-cut battery piece testing and sorting method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: testing a whole battery piece, and decomposing test data into at least one piece of quasi-half-cut battery piece test data; obtaining first test data before edge passivation deposition is carried out on the cut half-cut battery piece; carrying out mixed boxing on the cut half-cut battery pieces, and carrying out edge passivation deposition; acquiring second test data of the cut half-cut battery piece after edge passivation deposition; and according to the quasi-half-cut cell test data, the first test data and the second test data, calculating the efficiency change condition of the half-cut cell before and after edge passivation deposition. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cut half-cut battery pieces are subjected to mixed boxing and edge passivation deposition, so that the utilization rate of EPD equipment is improved, and the EPD efficiency of the half-cut battery pieces is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of testing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for testing and sorting half-cut battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of manufacturing photovoltaic crystalline silicon cells, a half-cutting process is required. The cut surface creates recombination centers, reducing the efficiency of the sliced ​​cells. EPD (Edge Passivation Deposition) technology, as the main method for passivating the cut surface of half-cells, plays an important role in improving cell efficiency. Existing EPD process management systems group cells by efficiency or film color, resulting in a large number of intermediate buffers, increasing management difficulty and oxidation risk.

[0003] The distribution of cell grades follows a normal distribution, with a relatively small proportion of high-grade and low-grade cells. This results in a long waiting period for half-cut cells from high-grade and / or low-grade cells to accumulate enough for EPD processing, impacting equipment utilization. Furthermore, the long EPD process time means that delays in feedback from upstream processes can exacerbate defective product losses.

[0004] The existing half-cell solar cells generally have a long EPD process time, resulting in low utilization of EPD equipment and affecting the efficiency of EPD for half-cut solar cells. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and apparatus for testing and sorting half-cut solar cells, which solves the problem that existing half-cut solar cells generally have a long EPD process time, resulting in low utilization of EPD equipment and affecting the efficiency of EPD for half-cut solar cells.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this embodiment provides a method for testing and sorting half-cut battery cells, including:

[0008] The entire solar cell was tested, and the test data was broken down into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell.

[0009] Acquire the first test data before edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell solar cells;

[0010] The cut half-cell batteries are mixed and packaged, and then edge passivation deposition is performed.

[0011] Obtain second test data for the cut battery cell after edge passivation deposition;

[0012] Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data, the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition is calculated.

[0013] Optionally, the step of mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition includes:

[0014] The cut battery cells with different efficiencies and film colors are mixed and packaged together.

[0015] The passivation deposition equipment is operated at full load to perform edge passivation deposition on the half-cut solar cells in the mixed-pack.

[0016] Optionally, before obtaining the first test data before performing edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell solar cells, the method further includes:

[0017] Information identifiers are set for the quasi-half-cut battery cells of the whole battery cell, and the data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells is synchronized to the information identifiers; wherein, the electrical performance data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells includes at least one of IV curves, electrical performance parameters and appearance data;

[0018] The entire battery cell is cut into two independent half-cut battery cells.

[0019] Optionally, before mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition, the method further includes:

[0020] Synchronize the first test data to the information identifier;

[0021] Before calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes:

[0022] Synchronize the second test data to the information identifier;

[0023] The first test data and the second test data are identified based on the information identifier.

[0024] Optionally, calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data includes:

[0025] Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut battery cell and the first test data, the damage data of the cutting process to the half-cut battery cell is determined;

[0026] The efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition is determined based on the difference or quotient between the first test data and the second test data.

[0027] Optionally, after calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the process includes:

[0028] Synchronize the damage data of the half-cut battery cell to the information identifier;

[0029] The efficiency data of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition is synchronized to the information identifier.

[0030] Optionally, before mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition, the method further includes:

[0031] Obtain the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment; the process parameters include at least one of temperature information, gas flow rate, and time.

[0032] After calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes:

[0033] Based on the first test data and the second test data, a parameter library for the edge passivation deposition process is established;

[0034] Based on the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition, the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of edge passivation deposition are determined by machine learning algorithm.

[0035] Based on the difference between the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of the edge passivation deposition and the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment, the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment are adjusted.

[0036] Optionally, after calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes:

[0037] Based on the first test data, the second test data, and the efficiency changes of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition are sorted.

[0038] Optionally, the step of sorting the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition based on the first test data, the second test data, and the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition includes:

[0039] Based on the difference between the first test data and the second test data, determine the sorting model for the half-cut battery cells;

[0040] Based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module, the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell in the battery module is calculated, and the sorting gear design is adjusted.

[0041] According to the sorting grade design, the half-cut battery cells are sorted to obtain half-cut battery cells of the first frequency grade and half-cut battery cells of the second frequency grade; the proportion of the first frequency grade is greater than the proportion of the second frequency grade.

[0042] The half-cut battery cells of the first frequency range are sorted into boxes;

[0043] The half-cut battery cells of the second frequency range are processed centrally.

[0044] Optionally, the step of calculating the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell within the battery module based on the efficiency change of the half-cut cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module, and adjusting the sorting grade design, includes:

[0045] The efficiency combination of each half-cut cell in the battery module is calculated based on the efficiency change of the half-cut cell after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module.

[0046] Based on the power data of the battery assembly, predict the change value of the proportion of each level of the half-cut battery cell;

[0047] Based on the changes in the proportions of each grade of the half-cut battery cells, adjust the sorting grade design and the sorting equipment configuration.

[0048] Optionally, after calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes:

[0049] The edge passivation deposition process status monitoring interface displays at least one of the following: the operating status of the edge passivation deposition equipment, process parameters, and output information; and / or,

[0050] Based on the difference between the efficiency change before and after edge passivation deposition and a preset anomaly threshold, an early warning of edge passivation deposition process anomalies is generated; and / or,

[0051] Based on the efficiency changes before and after edge passivation deposition, an analysis report on the edge passivation deposition process effect is generated.

[0052] Secondly, this embodiment provides a half-cut battery cell testing and sorting device, comprising:

[0053] The first test module is used to test the entire battery cell and decompose the test data into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut battery cell.

[0054] The second test module is used to acquire the first test data before edge passivation deposition is performed on the cut half-cell battery cells;

[0055] The passivation deposition module is used to mix and pack the cut half-cut battery cells and perform edge passivation deposition.

[0056] The second test module is used to acquire the second test data of the half-cut solar cell after cutting and edge passivation deposition;

[0057] The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data.

[0058] The half-cut solar cell testing and sorting method provided in this embodiment of the invention, on the one hand, addresses the high cost of edge passivation deposition equipment by mixing and packaging the cut half-cut solar cells before edge passivation deposition, effectively improving the utilization rate and efficiency of the edge passivation equipment. On the other hand, since the first test data used in this embodiment is data after cutting and before edge passivation deposition, and the second test data is data after cutting and after edge passivation deposition, this setup ensures that the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition determined by the half-cut solar cell testing and sorting method in this embodiment excludes the influence of the cutting process on the conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cells, making the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition more accurate, and improving the testing accuracy of the efficiency improvement data before and after edge passivation deposition. Attached Figure Description

[0059] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0060] Figure 1This is a flowchart of a half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0065] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this embodiment proposes the following solutions:

[0066] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 1 The half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0067] S101. Test the entire solar cell and decompose the test data into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell.

[0068] Specifically, a solar cell refers to a photovoltaic crystalline silicon solar cell. A complete solar cell is the cell before it is cut from a half-cut cell. Testing a complete solar cell allows for direct contact testing since it is uncut. The test data can include the electrical performance parameters, IV curve information, and appearance data of the complete solar cell.

[0069] Based on the physical regions of the entire solar cell, the test data of the entire cell is processed through multi-channel processing according to the expected segmentation regions of the entire cell, and decomposed into test data for quasi-half-cut solar cells. This setup facilitates the provision of test data for each half-cut solar cell before cutting.

[0070] S102. Obtain the first test data before edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell battery cells.

[0071] Specifically, the cut half-cut solar cells, before edge passivation deposition, can be directly or indirectly tested to obtain initial test data. Direct testing refers to testing by contacting the half-cut solar cell. Indirect testing involves using a reference solar cell as a control, performing non-contact testing on the cut half-cut solar cell, and calculating the initial test data based on the test data of the half-cut solar cell and the control parameters of the reference solar cell. For example, the initial test data may include the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency value of the cut half-cut solar cell before edge passivation deposition.

[0072] S103. The cut half-cut battery cells are mixed and packaged, and edge passivation deposition is performed.

[0073] Specifically, mixed packaging refers to mixing and packaging half-cut solar cells with different efficiencies and film colors to prioritize the full-load operation of the edge passivation deposition equipment. This differs from related technologies where half-cut solar cells with the same efficiency and / or film color are grouped before edge passivation deposition is performed. Since edge passivation deposition equipment is expensive, mixing and packaging the cut half-cut solar cells before edge passivation deposition effectively improves the utilization rate of the edge passivation equipment and increases the efficiency of edge passivation deposition.

[0074] S104. Obtain the second test data of the cut battery cell after edge passivation deposition.

[0075] Specifically, direct or indirect testing can be performed on the cut and passivated edge-deposited half-cut solar cells to obtain second test data. For example, the second test data may include the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency values ​​of the cut and passivated edge-deposited half-cut solar cells.

[0076] S105. Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data, calculate the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition.

[0077] Specifically, the first test data represents the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cell before edge passivation deposition. The second test data represents the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition. By comparing the first and second test data, the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition is calculated.

[0078] For example, the electrical performance parameters in the second test data can be compared with those in the first test data to determine the improvement in electrical performance parameters of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition. Similarly, the conversion efficiency in the second test data can be compared with that in the first test data to determine the improvement in conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition. This setup ensures that the determined efficiency improvement data for the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition excludes the influence of cutting on the conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cell, making the efficiency improvement data before and after edge passivation deposition more accurate.

[0079] The half-cut solar cell testing and sorting method provided in this embodiment addresses the issue of high cost of edge passivation deposition equipment. By mixing and packaging the cut half-cut solar cells before edge passivation deposition, the utilization rate and efficiency of the edge passivation equipment are effectively improved. Furthermore, the method uses two sets of test data: the first test data is obtained after cutting but before edge passivation deposition, and the second test data is obtained after cutting but after edge passivation deposition. This setup ensures that the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition, determined by the method, excludes the influence of the cutting process on the conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cells. This makes the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition more accurate, improving the testing precision of the efficiency improvement data before and after edge passivation deposition.

[0080] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, see also... Figure 1 In the above embodiment, step S103, which involves mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition, may include:

[0081] Firstly, the cut battery cells with different efficiencies and film colors are mixed and packaged together.

[0082] Specifically, half-cut battery cells with different efficiencies are mixed and packaged together, and / or half-cut battery cells with different film colors are mixed and packaged together. This arrangement helps to reduce the waiting time for the box to be filled and improves efficiency.

[0083] Secondly, the passivation deposition equipment is operated at full load to perform edge passivation deposition on the half-cut battery cells in the mixed packaging.

[0084] Specifically, by controlling the edge passivation deposition equipment to operate at full capacity, the utilization rate of the high-cost edge passivation deposition equipment can be increased, thereby increasing the production capacity of the edge passivation deposition equipment for half-cut solar cells, reducing the cost of the edge passivation deposition process, and improving production efficiency.

[0085] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, see also... Figure 1 Before step S102, which involves obtaining the first test data before edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell battery, the procedure may further include:

[0086] Firstly, information identifiers are set for the quasi-half-cut battery cells of the whole battery cell, and the data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells is synchronized to the information identifiers; wherein, the electrical performance data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells includes at least one of IV curves, electrical performance parameters and appearance data.

[0087] Specifically, the information label can include a QR code or a DM code. An information label can be printed on the surface of each semi-cut solar cell after the intended division into halves using inkjet printing technology. Each semi-cut solar cell has a unique information label, facilitating information traceability. Therefore, the test data from semi-cut solar cells tested on whole solar cells can be traced through the information label, making it suitable for calculating the conversion efficiency of semi-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, thereby improving testing efficiency and shortening testing time.

[0088] Secondly, the entire battery cell is cut into two independent half-cut battery cells.

[0089] Specifically, laser cutting can be used to cut the entire solar cell along the desired segmentation area, forming at least two half-cut solar cells. The test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cells serve as the data for the cut half-cut solar cells.

[0090] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, see also... Figure 1 Before step S103, which involves mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition, the method may further include synchronizing the first test data to the information identifier.

[0091] Specifically, the information identifier set on the surface of the half-cut battery cell makes it easy to identify the first test data and to associate the first test data with the information identifier in subsequent test steps.

[0092] Optionally, before step S105, which calculates the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method may further include:

[0093] Step 1: Synchronize the second test data to the information identifier.

[0094] Step 2: Identify the first test data and the second test data based on the information identifier.

[0095] Specifically, the data of quasi-half-cut solar cells can be read through information identifiers. Since the data of quasi-half-cut solar cells includes the VI data information of the half-cut solar cells, there is no need to repeat the test after cutting or edge passivation deposition. The data can be read directly through information identifiers, improving testing efficiency. For example, the test cycle time of the technical solution provided in this embodiment is significantly improved, from 0.85s / 2 half-cell in traditional pressing tests to 0.6s / 2 half-cell, which improves the testing efficiency by approximately 30%.

[0096] The first and second test data are read by means of information identification. Since both the first and second test data include the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency information of the half-cut battery cells, they can be read directly by means of information identification, thereby improving test efficiency.

[0097] This setup allows for the creation of a database documenting the entire lifecycle of a half-cut solar cell through information identification. This enables the recording of data throughout the entire process, from test data for a pre-half-cut cell (whole cell), to the first test data after cutting and before edge passivation deposition, and finally to the second test data after cutting and edge passivation deposition. This configuration facilitates the tracking of efficiency changes before and after edge passivation deposition at the individual cell level through information identification, and makes it easier to evaluate the efficiency improvements of edge passivation deposition processes for half-cut solar cells at different price points.

[0098] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, see also... Figure 1 In step S105, the calculation of the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data includes:

[0099] Step 1: Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut battery cell and the first test data, determine the damage data of the cutting process to the half-cut battery cell.

[0100] Specifically, the data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell is compared with the first test data of the corresponding cut half-cut solar cell. For example, the damage data of the cutting process to the half-cut solar cell can be determined based on the difference or quotient between the quasi-half-cut solar cell data and the first test data of the corresponding cut half-cut solar cell.

[0101] Step 2: Determine the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition based on the difference or quotient between the first test data and the second test data.

[0102] Specifically, the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cell after cutting and edge passivation deposition is determined by dividing the difference between the conversion efficiency corresponding to the second test data and the conversion efficiency corresponding to the first test data by the first test data.

[0103] Optional, Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 2 The half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0104] S201. Test the entire solar cell and decompose the test data into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell.

[0105] S202. Information identifiers are set for the quasi-half-cut battery cells of the whole battery cell, and the data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells is synchronized to the information identifiers; wherein, the electrical performance data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells includes at least one of IV curves, electrical performance parameters and appearance data.

[0106] S203. Cut the whole battery cell into two independent half-cut battery cells.

[0107] S204. Obtain the first test data before edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell battery cells.

[0108] S205. Synchronize the first test data to the information identifier.

[0109] S206. The cut half-cut battery cells are mixed and packaged, and edge passivation deposition is performed.

[0110] S207. Obtain the second test data of the half-cut solar cell after cutting and edge passivation deposition.

[0111] S208. Synchronize the second test data to the information identifier.

[0112] S209. Identify the first test data and the second test data according to the information identifier.

[0113] S210. Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data, calculate the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition.

[0114] S211. Synchronize the damage data of the half-cut battery cell to the information identifier.

[0115] Specifically, the damage data of the half-cut solar cells is synchronized to the information identifier. The traceability function of the information identifier is applicable to the calculation of the conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, as well as after and after cutting. This eliminates the influence of cutting on the damage data of the half-cut solar cells, thereby improving the testing efficiency and accuracy and shortening the testing time.

[0116] S212. Synchronize the efficiency data of the half-cut battery cell after the edge passivation deposition to the information identifier.

[0117] Specifically, the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition is synchronized to the information identifier. This facilitates the association of the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition by scanning or reading the information identifier. Through information traceability via QR codes and other information identifiers, precise tracking of the performance changes of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition is achieved, providing data support for the optimization of the edge passivation deposition (EPD) process.

[0118] Optional, Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 3 The half-cut battery cell testing and sorting method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0119] S301. Test the entire solar cell and decompose the test data into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell.

[0120] S302. Obtain the first test data before edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell battery cells.

[0121] S303. Obtain the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment; the process parameters include at least one of temperature information, gas flow rate, and time.

[0122] Specifically, by collecting the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment in real time, it is easy to determine whether the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment need to be adjusted so that the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment can better meet the needs of the current model of half-cut battery.

[0123] S304. The cut half-cut battery cells are mixed and packaged, and edge passivation deposition is performed.

[0124] S305. Obtain the second test data of the half-cut solar cell after cutting and edge passivation deposition.

[0125] S306. Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data, calculate the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition.

[0126] S307. Based on the first test data and the second test data, establish a parameter library for the edge passivation deposition process.

[0127] Specifically, the first test data may include the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency values ​​of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition. The second test data may include the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency values ​​of the half-cut solar cell after and after edge passivation deposition. Based on the first and second test data, a parameter library for the edge passivation deposition process is established, such that the parameter library includes at least the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency values ​​of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition, as well as the electrical performance parameters and conversion efficiency values ​​of the half-cut solar cell after and after edge passivation deposition.

[0128] S308. Based on the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition, the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of edge passivation deposition are determined by machine learning algorithm.

[0129] Specifically, based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, machine learning algorithms are used to continuously optimize the edge passivation deposition process parameters to ensure maximum efficiency improvement. The maximum efficiency improvement effect of edge passivation deposition is then determined as the maximum efficiency improvement value. Furthermore, the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to this maximum efficiency improvement value are identified.

[0130] S309. Based on the difference between the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of the edge passivation deposition and the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment, adjust the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment.

[0131] Specifically, the current process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment are compared with the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of edge passivation deposition, and the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment are adjusted accordingly.

[0132] For example, when the difference between the current process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment and the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of edge passivation deposition exceeds a preset difference threshold, the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment are adjusted to the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of edge passivation deposition. This setting ensures that when the adjusted edge passivation deposition process parameters are used to perform edge passivation deposition on the half-cut solar cells, the efficiency improvement of the half-cut solar cells after the edge passivation deposition process reaches its maximum, which is beneficial for improving the efficiency improvement of half-cut solar cells through edge passivation deposition.

[0133] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, after calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition according to the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method may further include:

[0134] Based on the first test data, the second test data, and the efficiency changes of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition are sorted.

[0135] Specifically, by integrating and analyzing the correlation of various test data before and after edge passivation deposition, the sorting efficiency of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition is high, the test equipment is simplified, manual intervention is reduced, and sorting costs are lowered.

[0136] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the step of sorting the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition according to the first test data, the second test data, and the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition may include:

[0137] Step 1: Determine the sorting model for half-cut battery cells based on the difference between the first test data and the second test data.

[0138] Specifically, the first test data may include conversion efficiency, film color data, and electroluminescence or photoluminescence defects of the half-cut solar cell before edge passivation deposition. The second test data includes conversion efficiency, film color data, and electroluminescence or photoluminescence defects of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition. The test data before and after edge passivation deposition determine the performance changes of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition. Based on the performance changes of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition, a sorting model for the half-cut solar cell is established.

[0139] The sorting model for half-cut solar cells is compatible with the conversion efficiency, film color data, electroluminescence defects or photoluminescence defects of half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition. It can evaluate the performance of half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, as well as the disturbance brought by edge passivation deposition to the performance of half-cut solar cells, thus improving the yield of half-cut solar cells.

[0140] Step 2: Based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module, calculate the efficiency combination of each half-cut solar cell in the battery module and adjust the sorting level design.

[0141] Specifically, since multiple half-cut cells can be set within a battery module, the ratio of each half-cut cell can be deduced from the overall power data of the battery module and the efficiency changes of the half-cut cells before and after the edge passivation deposition process. This allows us to determine the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell within the battery module. Based on the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell within the battery module, the sorting positions of the half-cut cells are designed to ensure optimal matching of each half-cut cell within the battery module, thereby achieving optimal power output for the battery module.

[0142] Step 3: According to the sorting grade design, the half-cut battery cells are sorted to obtain half-cut battery cells of the first frequency grade and half-cut battery cells of the second frequency grade; the proportion of the first frequency grade is greater than the proportion of the second frequency grade.

[0143] Specifically, the first frequency setting can be a high-frequency setting, and the second frequency setting can be a low-frequency setting. A multi-robotics automatic sorting system can be used to separate the high-frequency and low-frequency settings. From the first and second test data, the efficiency of each half-cut battery and the data from various tests can be determined, thus specifying the proportion of half-cut battery cells in each setting. The allocation conditions for the proportions of the first and second frequency settings can be set as needed. For example, a setting with a proportion greater than 98% can be considered a high-frequency setting, and a setting with a proportion less than or equal to 2% can be considered a low-frequency setting; no further limitations are imposed here.

[0144] Step 4: Sorting the half-cut battery cells of the first frequency range into boxes.

[0145] Specifically, half-cut solar cells in the first frequency range, such as those accounting for more than 98%, are directly sorted into boxes. For example, the sorting rules can be based on 0.1% conversion efficiency, 3-5 film color classifications from light blue to dark blue, and multiple defect levels such as A, B, and C, as long as they do not exceed the requirements of the test data granularity, and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0146] Step 5: Centralized processing of the half-cut battery cells in the second frequency range.

[0147] Specifically, the first sorting process only separates the high-frequency cells, while the low-frequency cells are grouped together in one box for centralized processing. Then, the half-cut cells from the second frequency range, such as the low-frequency range, are grouped together and further subdivided through a second sorting process. This setup achieves both efficient sorting of the half-cut cells from the second frequency range and improved sorting efficiency for the lower-frequency half-cut cells, thereby increasing overall testing efficiency and reducing testing costs.

[0148] For example, without centralized secondary sorting of the half-cut solar cells in the second frequency range, 120 boxes are needed for both high and low frequency ranges; with 10 production lines, this would require 1200 boxes. However, with centralized secondary sorting of the half-cut solar cells in the second frequency range, 10 production lines with 30 boxes each are needed, consuming 95% of the capacity in one sorting operation. The remaining 5% × 10 half-cut solar cells in the low frequency range only require one centralized secondary sorting machine with 120 boxes, totaling 300 + 120 = 420 boxes. Therefore, by centrally sorting the half-cut solar cells in the second frequency range, the sorting range design is optimized. The high and low frequency range separation strategy reduces the number of sorting shafts by approximately 50%, lowering equipment investment and maintenance costs. The sorting accuracy provided in this embodiment reaches ±0.05%, ensuring a good match between the efficiency and electrical performance parameters of each half-cut solar cell within the battery module, and reducing the phenomenon of bright and dark half-cells. This setup provides real-time quality monitoring data for the production process, enabling adjustments to the configuration of sorting equipment based on changes in the proportions of each grade, effectively avoiding sorting bottlenecks.

[0149] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, step two, which involves calculating the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell within the battery module and adjusting the sorting grade design based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module, may include:

[0150] Firstly, based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the solar module, the efficiency combination of each half-cut solar cell in the solar module is calculated.

[0151] Secondly, based on the power data of the battery assembly, predict the change values ​​of the proportion of each level of the half-cut battery cell.

[0152] Third, adjust the sorting grade design and sorting equipment configuration according to the change values ​​of the proportion of each grade of the half-cut battery cell.

[0153] Specifically, the CTM (Cell To Module) power of a battery module is a key parameter for measuring the degree of power loss in the module's encapsulation. It is calculated as the percentage of the actual output power of the battery module to the sum of the power of all half-cut cells. A higher CTM power value indicates less encapsulation loss and better module performance.

[0154] The CTM power of the battery module is used to calculate backwards. For example, some sorting grades use an efficiency grade of 0.05%, while others use an efficiency grade of 0.08%. By using the power data of the battery modules after they are put into production, the efficiency combination of half-cut cells with higher CTM power can be found. This will guide the optimization of sorting and grading so that it meets the requirements for improving the CTM power of the battery module.

[0155] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the steps in the above embodiments, after calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, may further include:

[0156] The edge passivation deposition process status monitoring interface displays at least one of the following: the operating status of the edge passivation deposition equipment, process parameters, and output information; and / or, based on the difference between the efficiency change before and after edge passivation deposition and the preset abnormal threshold, it provides an early warning of edge passivation deposition process abnormalities; and / or, based on the efficiency change before and after edge passivation deposition, it generates an edge passivation deposition process effect analysis report.

[0157] Specifically, the status monitoring interface for the edge passivation deposition process displays at least one of the following: the operating status of the edge passivation deposition equipment, process parameters, and output information. This facilitates the optimization of process parameters or the testing and evaluation during the testing and sorting process based on at least one of the following: the operating status of the edge passivation deposition equipment, process parameters, and output information.

[0158] An anomaly warning mechanism for the edge passivation deposition process can be established. This mechanism can issue anomaly warnings based on the difference between the efficiency changes before and after edge passivation deposition and a preset anomaly threshold. For example, an anomaly warning can be triggered promptly when an abnormal increase in efficiency or fluctuation in process parameters is detected in the edge passivation deposition process.

[0159] Based on the efficiency changes before and after edge passivation deposition, an edge passivation deposition process effect analysis report is generated. This report directly reflects the process status of edge passivation deposition (EPD), enabling rapid detection and handling of EPD process anomalies, and further improving production testing efficiency.

[0160] This embodiment provides a half-cut battery cell testing and sorting device, including:

[0161] The first testing module is used to test the entire solar cell and decompose the test data into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell.

[0162] The second test module is used to acquire the first test data before edge passivation deposition is performed on the cut half-cell cells.

[0163] The passivation deposition module is used to mix and pack the cut half-cut battery cells and perform edge passivation deposition.

[0164] The second test module is used to obtain the second test data of the half-cut solar cell after cutting and edge passivation deposition.

[0165] The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data.

[0166] The half-cut solar cell testing and sorting device provided in this embodiment tests the entire solar cell using a first testing module, decomposing the test data into at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell test data; it acquires first test data of the cut half-cut solar cells before edge passivation deposition using a second testing module; it mixes and boxes the cut half-cut solar cells for edge passivation deposition using a passivation deposition module; it acquires second test data of the cut half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition using the second testing module; and it calculates the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data using an efficiency calculation module.

[0167] Because edge passivation deposition equipment is costly, the half-cut solar cell testing and sorting device provided in this embodiment uses a passivation deposition module to mix and box the cut half-cut solar cells for edge passivation deposition, effectively improving the utilization rate of the edge passivation equipment and the efficiency of edge passivation deposition. Furthermore, since the first test data used by the half-cut solar cell testing and sorting device provided in this embodiment is data after cutting and before edge passivation deposition, and the second test data is data after cutting and after edge passivation deposition, this setup ensures that the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition determined by the half-cut solar cell testing and sorting device in this embodiment excludes the influence of the cutting process on the conversion efficiency of the half-cut solar cells. This makes the efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition more accurate, improving the testing accuracy of the efficiency improvement data before and after edge passivation deposition.

[0168] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for testing and sorting half-cut battery cells, characterized in that, include: The entire solar cell was tested, and the test data was broken down into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut solar cell. Acquire the first test data before edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell solar cells; The cut half-cell batteries are mixed and packaged, and then edge passivation deposition is performed. Obtain second test data for the cut battery cell after edge passivation deposition; Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data, the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition is calculated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition includes: The cut battery cells with different efficiencies and film colors are mixed and packaged together. The passivation deposition equipment is operated at full load to perform edge passivation deposition on the half-cut solar cells in the mixed-pack.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Before obtaining the first test data for edge passivation deposition on the cut half-cell solar cells, the method further includes: Information identifiers are set for the quasi-half-cut battery cells of the whole battery cell, and the data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells is synchronized to the information identifiers; wherein, the electrical performance data of the quasi-half-cut battery cells includes at least one of IV curves, electrical performance parameters and appearance data; The entire battery cell is cut into two independent half-cut battery cells.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition, the method further includes: Synchronize the first test data to the information identifier; Before calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes: Synchronize the second test data to the information identifier; The first test data and the second test data are identified based on the information identifier.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data includes: Based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut battery cell and the first test data, the damage data of the cutting process to the half-cut battery cell is determined; The efficiency improvement data of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition is determined based on the difference or quotient between the first test data and the second test data.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the process includes: Synchronize the damage data of the half-cut battery cell to the information identifier; The efficiency data of the half-cut solar cell after edge passivation deposition is synchronized to the information identifier.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before mixing and packaging the cut half-cut battery cells and performing edge passivation deposition, the method further includes: Obtain the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment; the process parameters include at least one of temperature information, gas flow rate, and time. After calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes: Based on the first test data and the second test data, a parameter library for the edge passivation deposition process is established; Based on the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition, the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of edge passivation deposition are determined by machine learning algorithm. Based on the difference between the edge passivation deposition process parameters corresponding to the maximum efficiency improvement of the edge passivation deposition and the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment, the process parameters of the edge passivation deposition equipment are adjusted.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes: Based on the first test data, the second test data, and the efficiency changes of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition, the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition are sorted.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of sorting the half-cut solar cells after edge passivation deposition based on the first test data, the second test data, and the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cells before and after edge passivation deposition includes: Based on the difference between the first test data and the second test data, determine the sorting model for the half-cut battery cells; Based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module, the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell in the battery module is calculated, and the sorting gear design is adjusted. According to the sorting grade design, the half-cut battery cells are sorted to obtain half-cut battery cells of the first frequency grade and half-cut battery cells of the second frequency grade; the proportion of the first frequency grade is greater than the proportion of the second frequency grade. The half-cut battery cells of the first frequency range are sorted into boxes; The half-cut battery cells of the second frequency range are processed centrally.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of calculating the efficiency combination of each half-cut cell within the battery module based on the efficiency changes of the half-cut cells after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module, and adjusting the sorting grade design, includes: The efficiency combination of each half-cut cell in the battery module is calculated based on the efficiency change of the half-cut cell after edge passivation deposition and the power data of the battery module. Based on the power data of the battery assembly, predict the change value of the proportion of each level of the half-cut battery cell; Based on the changes in the proportions of each grade of the half-cut battery cells, adjust the sorting grade design and the sorting equipment configuration.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After calculating the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the quasi-half-cut solar cell test data, the first test data, and the second test data, the method further includes: The edge passivation deposition process status monitoring interface displays at least one of the following: the operating status of the edge passivation deposition equipment, process parameters, and output information; and / or, Based on the difference between the efficiency change before and after edge passivation deposition and a preset anomaly threshold, an early warning of edge passivation deposition process anomalies is generated; and / or, Based on the efficiency changes before and after edge passivation deposition, an analysis report on the edge passivation deposition process effect is generated.

12. A half-cut battery cell testing and sorting device, characterized in that, include: The first test module is used to test the entire battery cell and decompose the test data into test data of at least one quasi-half-cut battery cell. The second test module is used to acquire the first test data before edge passivation deposition is performed on the cut half-cell battery cells; The passivation deposition module is used to mix and pack the cut half-cut battery cells and perform edge passivation deposition. The second test module is used to acquire the second test data of the half-cut solar cell after cutting and edge passivation deposition; The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the efficiency change of the half-cut solar cell before and after edge passivation deposition based on the test data of the quasi-half-cut solar cell, the first test data, and the second test data.

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